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Alkhurayji KS, Al Suwaidan H, Kalagi F, Al Essa M, Alsubaie M, Alrayes S, Althumairi A. Perception of Periodontitis Patients about Treatment Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1288. [PMID: 38998823 PMCID: PMC11241393 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Patient compliance following periodontal therapy is extremely important in predicting the prognosis of the disease and maintaining treatment outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the perception of periodontitis patients about treatment outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted among periodontitis patients in a single dental center through a pre-validated questionnaire that was distributed to each participant in the waiting area of periodontal clinics by utilizing a convenience sampling technique. Median and interquartile ranges were used in addition to frequency and percentages. Bivariate analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis test. Among the 300 male and female participants, the median score (interquartile range) of the current level of pain revealed that males experienced more pain than females, with a median score of 5 (0-7) for males and 4 (0-6) for women. However, the median (interquartile range) for desired and expected pain levels in both genders was 0 (0-1), 0 (0-4). There were significant differences in median score ratings between males and females for expected, distress, success, and importance levels (p-value < 0.05). Patients with periodontitis provided valuable insights into the experiences of individuals undergoing treatment for periodontal disease, indicating overall patient satisfaction with the expected levels of periodontal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Saad Alkhurayji
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessah Al Suwaidan
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farah Kalagi
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Al Essa
- Dental Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alsubaie
- Dental Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saja Alrayes
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Althumairi
- Health Information Management and Technology Department, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
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Irani D, Jungbauer G, Sculean A, Eick S. Effect of sodium hypochlorite gel on bacteria associated with periodontal disease. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:190. [PMID: 38430333 PMCID: PMC10908609 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An adjunct in non-surgical periodontal therapy might be sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-based agents. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to get deeper knowledge on the influence of different parameters as time after mixing, pH, and chemical composition of an amino acid 0.475% NaOCl (AA-NaOCl) gel consisting of two components on its anti-biofilm activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six-species biofilms were cultured for 5 days, before AA-NaOCl gel was applied. In the different series, the influence of the time after mixing of the two components before application, of the concentration of NaOCl in the gel mixture, of the pH of the gel mixture, and of an exchange of the amino acid component by hyaluronic acid (HA), was analyzed. RESULTS Mixing time point experiments showed that the AA-NaOCl gel is capable of statistically significantly reducing colony-forming unit (cfu) counts up to 30 min after mixing, but only up to 20 min after mixing the reduction was more than 2 log10 cfu. The pH experiments indicate that a reduced pH results in a reduced activity of the NaOCl formulation. NaOCl concentrations in the formulation in the range from 0.475 to 0.2% provide adequate activity on biofilms. A HA/NaOCl gel was equally active against the biofilm as the AA-NaOCl gel. CONCLUSION Mixing of the components should be made in a timeframe of 20 min before applications. An optimization of the composition of the NaOCl formulation might be possible and should be a topic in further in vitro studies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The AA-NaOCl gel formulation can be mixed up to 20 min before application. Further, the study indicates that the composition of the NaOCl gel formulation can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Irani
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gert Jungbauer
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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Kiarashi M, Mahamed P, Ghotbi N, Tadayonfard A, Nasiri K, Kazemi P, Badkoobeh A, Yasamineh S, Joudaki A. Spotlight on therapeutic efficiency of green synthesis metals and their oxide nanoparticles in periodontitis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:21. [PMID: 38183090 PMCID: PMC10770920 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, one of the most prevalent dental diseases, causes the loss of bone and gum tissue that hold teeth in place. Several bacteria, commonly present in clinically healthy oral cavities, may induce and perpetuate periodontitis when their concentration rises in the gingival sulcus. Antibacterial effect against various Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, including pathogenic and drug-resistant ones, has been shown for several distinct transient metal and metal oxide NPs. Therefore, NPs may be used in biomedicine to treat periodontal problems and in nanotechnology to inhibit the development of microorganisms. Instead of using harmful chemicals or energy-intensive machinery, biosynthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been suggested. To produce metal and metal oxide NPs, the ideal technique is "Green" synthesis because of its low toxicity and safety for human health and the environment. Gold NPs (AuNPs) appear to be less toxic to mammalian cells than other nanometals because their antibacterial activity is not dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS). AgNPs also possess chemical stability, catalytic activity, and superior electrical and thermal conductivity, to name a few of their other advantageous characteristics. It was observed that zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs and copper (Cu) NPs exhibited discernible inhibitory effects against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains, respectively. ZnO NPs demonstrated bactericidal activity against the microorganisms responsible for periodontitis. Medications containing magnetic NPs are highly effective against multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal infections. The titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs are implicated in elevating salivary peroxidase activity in individuals diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Furthermore, specific metallic NPs have the potential to enhance the antimicrobial efficacy of periodontitis treatments when combined. Therefore, these NPs, as well as their oxide NPs, are only some of the metals and metal oxides that have been synthesized in environmentally friendly ways and shown to have therapeutic benefits against periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kiarashi
- College of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Parham Mahamed
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nader Ghotbi
- General Dentist, Isfahan Azad University, School of Dentistry, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Tadayonfard
- Maxillofacial prosthetics fellow, Postgraduate department of prosthodontics, Dental Faculty,Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Kazemi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ashkan Badkoobeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Azad Researchers, Viro-Biotech, Tehran, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Joudaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Lorestan, Iran.
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Joseph P, Prabhakar P, Holtfreter B, Pink C, Suvan J, Kocher T, Pitchika V. Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with concurrent systemic conditions. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:21. [PMID: 38147183 PMCID: PMC10751251 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05392-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the published scientific evidence to evaluate the efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in treating periodontitis in patients with concurrent systemic conditions (diabetes, CVD, erectile dysfunction, chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, obesity, pregnancy). We hypothesised that NSPT results in better periodontal outcomes when compared to untreated controls after follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic search (PUBMED/EMBASE) was conducted from 1995 to 2023 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a minimum follow-up of 3 months. The primary outcome was the difference in mean probing depth (PD), and the secondary outcomes were mean clinical attachment loss (CAL), percentage of sites with PD ≤ 3 mm (%PD ≤ 3 mm) and percentage of sites with bleeding on probing (%BOP) between the treated and untreated control group in patients with comorbidities. RESULTS The electronic search resulted in 2,403 hits. After removing duplicates, 1,565 titles and abstracts were screened according to the eligibility criteria, resulting in 126 articles for full-text screening. Following this, 44 studies were analysed. Restricting to studies with low bias or some concerns, NSPT group demonstrated a 0.55 mm lower mean PD (95%CI: -0.69; -0.41) after 3 months compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Compared to the untreated controls, NSPT notably reduced mean PD, mean CAL, and %BOP while increasing %PD ≤ 3 mm in patients with concurrent systemic conditions. These findings suggest that NSPT is also an effective procedure in managing periodontitis in patients with concurrent systemic conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION This systematic review was registered under the protocol registration number CRD42021241517/PROSPERO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Joseph
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Priya Prabhakar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christiane Pink
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jeanie Suvan
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Vinay Pitchika
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Pamuk F, Lütfioğlu M, Paksoy T, Koyuncuoglu CZ, Polat NG, Cifcibasi E, Yildirim S, Kantarci A. Impact of low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment on the levels of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in Stage 3-4, Grade C periodontitis patients: a split-mouth, randomized control study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6439-6449. [PMID: 37709984 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on the plasminogen-activating system. MATERIALS AND METHODS Stage 3-4 Grade C periodontitis and age-gender-matched healthy individuals participated in the split-mouth study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05233501). The study groups were Periodontitis/NSPT (Sham); Periodontitis/NSPT + LLLT (LLLT); Healthy (Control). Following NSPT, LLLT was applied on Days 0, 2 and 7. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and on Day 30. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at baseline, on days 7, 14, and 30; tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were measured with ELISA. RESULTS Clinical parameters, total GCF tPA (tPAt) and PAI-1 (PAI-1t) levels significantly reduced in LLLT and Sham groups (< 0.001). GCF tPAt levels in LLLT were significantly lower (< 0.05) than Sham on Day 7. GCF tPAt levels in periodontitis groups were significantly higher than the Control at baseline, on Days 7 and 14 (< 0.01). By Day 30, both groups decreased to control levels (> 0.05). GCF PAI-1t levels were significantly lower in LLLT than the Sham on day 30 (< 0.01), comparable to healthy controls (> 0.05). CONCLUSION Adjunctive LLLT modulates the plasminogen activating system in severe periodontitis by altering GCF tPA and PAI-1 levels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE LLLT as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with Stage 3-4 Grade C leads to reduced plasminogen activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pamuk
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - M Lütfioğlu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - T Paksoy
- Hamidiye Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - C Z Koyuncuoglu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N G Polat
- Clinical Laboratory, Unit of Immunology and Allergy, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Cifcibasi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Yildirim
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - A Kantarci
- Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
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Marcattili D, Mancini L, Tarallo F, Casalena F, Pietropaoli C, Marchetti E. Efficacy of two diode lasers in the removal of calculus from the root surface: An in vitro study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:757-763. [PMID: 37649328 PMCID: PMC10582223 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Scaling and root planning (SRP) is still the gold standard of nonsurgical periodontal therapy, and it has been accompanied by several supportive therapies in recent years. One of the most studied methods is the diode laser, thanks to its thermal and bactericidal properties. Our trial intended to verify whether it could influence the chemical bond between calculus and the root surface. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of the diode laser prior the mechanical removal of calculus in an in vitro application. The reduction in time and the number of strokes required to clean the untreated root surfaces were evaluated as primary outcomes. The pressure was considered as a secondary outcome. METHODS A total of 75 extracted human teeth with subgingival calculus were assigned equally among three treatment groups (n = 25) according to the size of the occupied areas, which were classified by evaluating the pixel numbers. The groups were assigned to either no pretreatment application (A), Laser Diode Fox III (Sweden & Martina) (B) or Wiser Laser Evolution (Doctor Smile) (C). The weight for instrumentation was calibrated for an After Five curette (Hu-Friedy, Chicago). A new set of tools was used for each group, and the curettes were sharpened after each use with the Sidekick sharpener (Hu-Friedy, Chicago). RESULTS A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the significance for each considered parameter. The results were statistically significant for each parameter for the two groups where the laser was used compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Despite the limitations of an in vitro study, data showed that the diode laser had an overall positive effect on root debridement, facilitating SRP in terms of stroke count, time, and pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Marcattili
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Leonardo Mancini
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Francesco Tarallo
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Fabio Casalena
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Carla Pietropaoli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental SciencesUniversity of L'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
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Ghazal M, Ahmed S, Farooqui WA, Khalid F, Riaz S, Akber A, Shabbir S, Khan FR, Sadiq A. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of antibiotics versus probiotics as an adjuvant to nonsurgical periodontal treatment among smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis. Clin Adv Periodontics 2023; 13:197-204. [PMID: 37327229 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are viable microorganisms, which if delivered in appropriate dose can provide health benefits. Lactobacillus reuteri (DM17938+ATCC PTA 5289) has been recommended as a safe choice for probiotics. The objective of this study is to compare the improvement in the periodontal parameters amongst smokers with generalized periodontitis with Stage III, Grade C treated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) to which either an antibiotics or probiotics were given as an adjuvant. METHODS Sixty smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis were randomized in two groups after taking informed consent. Periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), attachment loss (AL), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. Group 1 received (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) amoxicillin and metronidazole for 7 days and a placebo for probiotics for 30 days. Group 2 was provided (after NSPT and oral hygiene instructions) with one tablet of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotics (2 × 108 CFU) twice daily for 30 days and placebo antibiotics for 7 days. The periodontal parameters were recorded again at 1- and 3-month follow-ups as outcome variables. Mean, standard deviation, and confidence interval were reported using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS A statistically significant clinical improvement in the PD, BOP, PI, and GI were observed in both the groups at 3-month follow-up. However, the AL remained unchanged in both the groups. CONCLUSIONS Administration of probiotics and antibiotics along with NSPT yield statistically significant differences in PD and BOP from baseline to 3-month follow-up. However, between the group differences were not statistically significant for the periodontal parameters (AL, PD, and BOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehwish Ghazal
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ahmed
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr. Ishratul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Fizza Khalid
- Department of Periodontology, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sania Riaz
- Department of Periodontology, Baqai Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ather Akber
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sumaiya Shabbir
- Department of Periodontology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Raza Khan
- Department of Surgery, Section Dentistry, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali Sadiq
- Department of Surgery, Section Dentistry, Aga Khan University & Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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8
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Nasiri K, Masoumi SM, Amini S, Goudarzi M, Tafreshi SM, Bagheri A, Yasamineh S, Alwan M, Arellano MTC, Gholizadeh O. Recent advances in metal nanoparticles to treat periodontitis. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:283. [PMID: 37605182 PMCID: PMC10440939 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The gradual deterioration of the supporting periodontal tissues caused by periodontitis, a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease, is thought to be triggered by the colonization of dysbiotic plaque biofilms in a vulnerable host. One of the most prevalent dental conditions in the world, periodontitis is now the leading factor in adult tooth loss. When periodontitis does develop, it is treated by scraping the mineralized deposits and dental biofilm off the tooth surfaces. Numerous studies have shown that non-surgical treatment significantly improves clinical and microbiological indices in individuals with periodontitis. Although periodontal parameters have significantly improved, certain bacterial reservoirs often persist on root surfaces even after standard periodontal therapy. Periodontitis has been treated with local or systemic antibiotics as well as scaling and root planning. Since there aren't many brand-new antibiotics on the market, several researchers are currently concentrating on creating alternate methods of combating periodontal germs. There is a delay in a study on the subject of nanoparticle (NP) toxicity, which is especially concerned with mechanisms of action, while the area of nanomedicine develops. The most promising of them are metal NPs since they have potent antibacterial action. Metal NPs may be employed as efficient growth inhibitors in a variety of bacteria, making them useful for the treatment of periodontitis. In this way, the new metal NPs contributed significantly to the development of efficient anti-inflammatory and antibacterial platforms for the treatment of periodontitis. The current therapeutic effects of several metallic NPs on periodontitis are summarized in this study. This data might be used to develop NP-based therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of periodontal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sara Amini
- School of Science and Engineering, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mina Goudarzi
- School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mobin Tafreshi
- School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Bagheri
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mariem Alwan
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Omid Gholizadeh
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Soancă A, Leucuța DC, Roman A, Ciurea A, Negucioiu M, Pascu LC, Picoș A, Delean AG, Micu IC, Popa Wagner A, Rusu D. The Treatment of Severe Periodontitis Using a Local Antiseptic Desiccant and Subgingival Mechanical Instrumentation: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4286. [PMID: 37445321 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This randomized, split-mouth, controlled clinical study assessed the additional clinical benefits of a local desiccant antimicrobial agent (HY) combined with subgingival mechanical instrumentation (SRP) vs. SRP alone in treating severe periodontitis. Patients with stages III and IV periodontitis received full-mouth periodontal examinations at baseline and after a three-month follow-up. Two randomly selected hemiarches in each periodontitis patient were treated with SRP plus HY and were included in the test group, while the other two hemiarches received only SRP and were included in the control group. In thirty patients, the analyses of the evolution of the periodontal parameters over time showed statistically significant mean differences for the probing depths and clinical attachment level values resulting from all the examined sites, as well as from the interproximal sites (p < 0.001) in both the test and control groups. The intergroup comparisons of the same four parameters showed no significant differences (p = 0.322, p = 0.36, p = 0.516, and p = 0.509, respectively). Based on these study results, no additional benefits were obtained after HY subgingival applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrada Soancă
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniel Corneliu Leucuța
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur St., No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Ciurea
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marius Negucioiu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor St., No. 32, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laurențiu Cătălin Pascu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor St., No. 32, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Picoș
- Department of Prevention in Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Avram Iancu St., No. 31, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ada Gabriela Delean
- Department of Cariology, Endodontics and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Motilor St., No. 33, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iulia Cristina Micu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babes St., No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aurel Popa Wagner
- Vascular Neurology and Dementia Center, University of Medicine, Essen, Hufeland St., No. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany
- Experimental Research Center in Normal and Pathological Aging (ARES), University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Darian Rusu
- Department of Periodontology, Anton Sculean Research Center of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Bulevardul Revolutiei din 1989, No. 9, 300230 Timisoara, Romania
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10
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Madruga D, Garcia MM, Martino L, Hassan H, Elayat G, Ghali L, Ceballos L. Positive correlational shift between crevicular antimicrobial peptide LL-37, pain and periodontal status following non-surgical periodontal therapy. A pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:335. [PMID: 37246231 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis has a high prevalence and uncertain recurrence. Unlike the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile, little is known about the anti-inflammatory cytokine and antimicrobial peptide overview following treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate if any of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, interleukin (IL) 4, 10 and 6 together with the volume of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and total protein concentration in GCF could be used as correlative biomarkers for the severity in periodontitis as well as prognostic factors in the management of the disease. METHODS Forty-five participants were recruited and allocated to the healthy (15), Stage I-II (15) or Stage III-IV periodontitis (15) group. Along with periodontal examination, GCF samples were obtained at baseline and 4-6 weeks following scaling and root planing (SRP) for the periodontitis groups. GCF samples were analyzed by ELISA kits to quantify LL-37 and IL-4, -6 and - 10. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test was used to determine differences among the three groups at baseline. Two-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post-hoc test was used to compare between pre- and post-SRP in the two periodontitis groups. RESULTS The amount of GCF volume was significantly correlated to the severity of periodontitis and decreased following SRP, particularly in the Stage III-IV group (p < 0.01). The levels of LL-37, IL-6, and pain and periodontal clinical parameters were significantly correlated to the severity of periodontitis. IL-4 and IL-10 in the periodontitis groups were significantly lower than the healthy group (p < 0.0001) and barely improved following SRP up to the level of the healthy group. CONCLUSIONS With the limitations of this study, crevicular LL-37 may be a candidate for a biomarker of periodontitis and the associated pain upon probing. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in clinical trials.gov, with number NCT04404335, dated 27/05/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Madruga
- Area of Stomatology, Department of Nursing and Stomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, E-28922, Spain
| | - Miguel M Garcia
- Area of Pharmacology, Nutrition and Bromatology, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Unidad Asociada I+D+i Instituto de Química Médica (IQM) CSIC-URJC, Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, E-28922, Spain.
- High Performance Experimental Pharmacology Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (PHARMAKOM), Alcorcón, Spain.
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Investigación y Tratamiento del Dolor (i+DOL), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.
| | - Luca Martino
- Area of Signal Theory and Communications, Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematics Systems and Computing, Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Cam. del Molino, 5, Fuenlabrada, E-28942, Spain
- High Performance Data Science and Signal Processing for Networks and Society research group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (DSSP), Fuenlabrada, Spain
| | - Haidar Hassan
- Academic Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AD, UK
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Ghada Elayat
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El Bahr St, Tanta, 31111, Egypt
| | - Lucy Ghali
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Laura Ceballos
- Area of Stomatology, Department of Nursing and Stomatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Avda. de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, E-28922, Spain
- High Performance Development and Innovation in Dental Biomaterials Research Group, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (IDIBO), Alcorcón, Spain
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11
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Mosaddad SA, Hussain A, Tebyaniyan H. Green Alternatives as Antimicrobial Agents in Mitigating Periodontal Diseases: A Narrative Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1269. [PMCID: PMC10220622 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases and dental caries are the most common infectious oral diseases impacting oral health globally. Oral cavity health is crucial for enhancing life quality since it serves as the entranceway to general health. The oral microbiome and oral infectious diseases are strongly correlated. Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria have been associated with periodontal diseases. Due to the shortcomings of several antimicrobial medications frequently applied in dentistry, the lack of resources in developing countries, the prevalence of oral inflammatory conditions, and the rise in bacterial antibiotic resistance, there is a need for reliable, efficient, and affordable alternative solutions for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Several accessible chemical agents can alter the oral microbiota, although these substances also have unfavorable symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and tooth discoloration. Natural phytochemicals generated from plants that have historically been used as medicines are categorized as prospective alternatives due to the ongoing quest for substitute products. This review concentrated on phytochemicals or herbal extracts that impact periodontal diseases by decreasing the formation of dental biofilms and plaques, preventing the proliferation of oral pathogens, and inhibiting bacterial adhesion to surfaces. Investigations examining the effectiveness and safety of plant-based medicines have also been presented, including those conducted over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran;
| | - Ahmed Hussain
- School of Dentistry, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Hamid Tebyaniyan
- Science and Research Branch, Islimic Azade University, Tehran 14878-92855, Iran
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12
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Annunziata M, Donnarumma G, Guida A, Nastri L, Persico G, Fusco A, Sanz-Sánchez I, Guida L. Clinical and microbiological efficacy of indocyanine green-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical treatment of periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2385-2394. [PMID: 36719506 PMCID: PMC10159973 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present randomized clinical trial (RCT) with a parallel arm design was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of repeated ICG-aPDT as an adjunct to full-mouth subgingival debridement in the treatment of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four periodontitis patients were treated with full-mouth ultrasonic subgingival debridement (FMUD). Initial sites with probing depth (PD) > 4 mm were randomly assigned to receive the test (ICG-aPDT with an 810 nm diode laser) or the control treatment (off-mode aPDT) one and four weeks after FMUD. Clinical parameters were registered after 3 and 6 months. The presence of the main periodontal pathogens in subgingival samples was assessed with real-time PCR. RESULTS Both treatment modalities resulted in significant clinical improvements at 3 and 6 months. The only significant differences in favour of the test group were found at 6 months for a higher PD reduction in initial deep pockets (PD ≥ 6 mm) and a higher percentage of closed pockets (PD ≤ 4 mm/no bleeding on probing). Limited microbiological changes were observed in both groups after treatment with no inter-group difference, except for a more significant reduction in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Parvimonas micra levels in the test group at 3 months. CONCLUSION The combination of repeated ICG-aPDT and FMUD provided no benefits except for selective clinical and microbiological improvements compared to FMUD alone. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Based on the obtained results, only limited adjunctive effects could be found for the combined use of ICG-aPDT and FMUD. Further, well-designed RCT with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04671394.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Annunziata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Donnarumma
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Agostino Guida
- U.O.C. Odontostomatologia, A.O.R.N. "A. Cardarelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Livia Nastri
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gerardo Persico
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fusco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ignacio Sanz-Sánchez
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases (ETEP) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luigi Guida
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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13
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Local drug delivery in the treatment of furcation defects in periodontitis: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:955-970. [PMID: 36729235 PMCID: PMC9985576 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of subgingival administration of various antimicrobials and host-modulating agents in furcation defects as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) compared to SRP alone or combined with placebo. METHODS A systematic review was carried out using MEDLINE-PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for articles up to October 2022 in addition to hand searches. All longitudinal studies that evaluated the effect of subgingival application of antimicrobial and host-modulating agents in furcation defects as adjuncts to SRP compared to SRP alone or SRP + placebo with at least 3 months of follow-up were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS A total of eight studies were included. Superior clinical treatment outcomes were shown when alendronate, rosuvastatin, boric acid, simvastatin, and tetracycline (only at 3 months) were utilized in furcation defects in conjunction with SRP alone or SRP + placebo. Significant improvement was reported in radiographic bone defect depth and defect depth reduction when SRP was supplemented with alendronate, rosuvastatin, boric acid, and simvastatin. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this review, the adjunctive subgingival administration of medications and host-modulating agents in furcation defects may confer additional clinical and radiographic benefits than non-surgical periodontal treatment alone. Future investigations are needed to confirm their long-term effectiveness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Local host modulators and antimicrobials may be used supplementary to enhance the clinical and radiographic treatment outcomes of conventional periodontal therapy in furcation defects.
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Chen WA, Dou Y, Fletcher HM, Boskovic DS. Local and Systemic Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:470. [PMID: 36838435 PMCID: PMC9963840 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobe, is a leading etiological agent in periodontitis. This infectious pathogen can induce a dysbiotic, proinflammatory state within the oral cavity by disrupting commensal interactions between the host and oral microbiota. It is advantageous for P. gingivalis to avoid complete host immunosuppression, as inflammation-induced tissue damage provides essential nutrients necessary for robust bacterial proliferation. In this context, P. gingivalis can gain access to the systemic circulation, where it can promote a prothrombotic state. P. gingivalis expresses a number of virulence factors, which aid this pathogen toward infection of a variety of host cells, evasion of detection by the host immune system, subversion of the host immune responses, and activation of several humoral and cellular hemostatic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A. Chen
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Yuetan Dou
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hansel M. Fletcher
- Division of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Danilo S. Boskovic
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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15
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Ilyes I, Rusu D, Rădulescu V, Vela O, Boariu MI, Roman A, Surlin P, Kardaras G, Boia S, Chinnici S, Jentsch HFR, Stratul SI. A Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate Two Locally Delivered Antibiotic Gels (Piperacillin Plus Tazobactam vs. Doxycycline) in Stage III-IV Periodontitis Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020303. [PMID: 36837504 PMCID: PMC9961827 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: this study aims to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of a single subgingival administration of a locally delivered antibiotic gel containing piperacillin plus tazobactam and compare it with a slow-release doxycycline (14%) gel and a placebo gel, following subgingival instrumentation (SI) in patients with severe periodontitis. Materials and methods: sixty-four patients diagnosed with stage III-IV periodontitis were enrolled, were randomly assigned into three groups, and were treated additionally with a single subgingival administration of piperacillin plus tazobactam gel (group A); doxycycline gel (group B); and placebo gel (group C). The primary outcome variable was the change in mean probing pocket depth (PPD) 6 months after the intervention. Secondary outcome variables were changes in mean full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS); full-mouth plaque score (FMPS); overall bleeding index (BOP); pocket closure; and clinical attachment level (CAL), along with changes in the numbers of five keystone bacteria: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), Prevotella intermedia (P.i.), Tannerella forsythia (T.f.), and Treponema denticola (T.d.). Intergroup and intragroup differences were evaluated at 3 and 6 months. Results: at baseline, the three groups were comparable. An improvement in clinical parameters such as PPD, CAL, and BOP between groups was observed at 3 and 6 months, but without statistical significance (p > 0.05). At 6 months, the intragroup analysis showed a significant reduction in clinical parameters. Even though the piperacillin plus tazobactam group showed slightly higher PPD reduction, this was not statistically significant when compared to both control groups. Conclusions: The groups had similar results, and subgingival instrumentation can be executed without adjunctive antimicrobials, reducing the costs for the patient and the working time/load of the professional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Ilyes
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Darian Rusu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Viorelia Rădulescu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Vela
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Ion Boariu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, TADERP Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Applicative Periodontal Regeneration Research Unit, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Petra Surlin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Giorgios Kardaras
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simina Boia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Salvatore Chinnici
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Holger Friedrich Rudolf Jentsch
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, Centre for Periodontology, University Hospital of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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16
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Guru SR, Aghanashini S. Impact of scaling and root planing on salivary and serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in patients with periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 2023; 94:20-30. [PMID: 35708712 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is significantly enhanced in insulin resistance and inflammation and ascribed as a proinflammatory marker. This study aimed to compare and correlate salivary and serum PAI-1 and alpha 2-macroglobulin (α2MG) in patients with periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and also appraise the consequence of periodontal treatment on these biomarkers. METHODS Sixty subjects enlisted were split into two groups; Group 1 consisted of 30 systemically healthy subjects with Stage II and III, generalized, Grade B, C periodontitis while Group 2 consisted of 30 patients with periodontitis and well-controlled T2DM (PDM). Salivary and serum PAI-1 and α2MG levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and allied with clinical parameters before and 3 months post non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Data were statistically analyzed using student t-test and Spearman correlation. RESULTS Analogous improvements in clinical periodontal markers were experienced in both groups after initial periodontal treatment. Estimates of salivary and serum PAI-1 and α2MG were higher among the PDM group compared with periodontitis alone at baseline. Significant diminution in estimates of biomarkers was noted 3 months after NSPT. In the PDM group, there was also an improvement in glycemic control. CONCLUSIONS NSPT positively impacted both groups. Noteworthy expression of salivary and serum PAI-1 in patients with periodontitis and diabetes insinuates a possible role of the adipokine in periodontal inflammation and glucose level regulation. Salivary PAI-1 could thus be used as a diagnostic biomarker to detect disease activity and to track periodontal therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeela R Guru
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Suchetha Aghanashini
- Department of Periodontics, DA Pandu Memorial R V Dental College and Hospital, J.P. Nagar, Bangalore, India
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Morozova NS, Kozlitina IA, Makarov VI, Loschenov VB, Grinin VM, Ivanov SY, Kashtanova MS. Optical spectral diagnostics of the oxygenation level in periodontal tissues and photodynamic therapy using methylene blue in children with cerebral palsy. Front Public Health 2023; 11:961066. [PMID: 36794072 PMCID: PMC9922788 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.961066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental diseases occur in children with cerebral palsy three times higher than in healthy children. Low values of the unstimulated salivation rate (<0.3 ml per minute), pH and buffer capacity, changes in enzyme activity and sialic acid concentration, as well as increased saliva osmolarity and total protein concentration, which indicates impaired hydration, are the factors in the development of a gingiva disease in case of cerebral palsy. This leads to increased bacterial agglutination and the formation of acquired pellicle and biofilm, leading to the formation of dental plaque. There is a tendency toward an increase in the concentration of hemoglobin and a decrease in the degree of hemoglobin oxygenation, as well as an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the use of photosensitizer methylene blue improves blood circulation and the degree of oxygenation in periodontal tissues, as well as eliminates a bacterial biofilm. Analysis of back diffuse reflection spectra makes it possible to conduct non-invasive monitoring determine tissue areas with a low level of hemoglobin oxygenation for precision photodynamic exposure. Aim To improve the effectiveness of phototheranostics methods using, namely PDT with simultaneous optical-spectral control, for the treatment of gingivitis in children with complex dental and somatic status (cerebral palsy). Methods The study involved 15 children (6-18 y.o.) with various forms of cerebral palsy, in particular, spastic diplegia and atonic-astatic form and with gingivitis. The degree of hemoglobin oxygenation was measured in tissues before PDT and on the 12th day. PDT was performed using laser radiation (λ = 660 nm) with a power density of 150 mW/cm2 with a five-minute application of 0.01% MB. The total light dose was 45 ± 15 J/cm2. For statistical evaluation of the results, a paired Student's t-test was used. Results The paper presents the results of phototheranostics using methylene blue in children with cerebral palsy. An increase in the level of hemoglobin oxygenation from 50 to 67% (p < 0.001) and a decrease in blood volume in the microcirculatory bed of periodontal tissues were shown. Conclusion Photodynamic therapy methods with application of methylene blue make it possible to assess the state of the gingival mucosa tissue diseases objectively in real time, and to provide effective targeted therapy for gingivitis in children with cerebral palsy. There is a prospect that they can become widely used clinical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Morozova
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Iuliia A Kozlitina
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Makarov
- Laser Biospectroscopy Laboratory, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Laser Micro-, Nano- and Biotechnologies, Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor B Loschenov
- Department of Laser Micro-, Nano- and Biotechnologies, Institute for Physics and Engineering in Biomedicine, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Laser Biospectroscopy, Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasiliy M Grinin
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Yu Ivanov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, The Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S Kashtanova
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Maybodi FR, Fakhari M, Tavakoli F. Effects of omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal parameters in periodontitis patients: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:521. [DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with periodontitis.
Materials and methods
This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with periodontitis. All patients received standard non-surgical periodontal therapy, and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control by a table of random numbers (n = 15). The intervention group consumed 1000 mg natural fish oil soft-gels daily (300 mg Omega-3 marine triglycerides, 180 mg Eicosapentaenoic acid and 120 mg Docosahexaenoic acid) while the control group used soft-gels contained only some soybean oil for 3 months. Clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding index (BI) were recorded at baseline (before the intervention) and after 3 months. The two groups were compared regarding the clinical parameters by t-test (alpha = 0.05).
Results
All three clinical parameters decreased in both groups at 3 months compared with baseline (P = 0.001). The improvement in PD and CAL in the intervention group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P = 0.001); however, the difference in BI was not significant between the two groups (P = 0.283).
Conclusion
Omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy significantly improved the clinical parameters in periodontitis patients compared to soybean oil supplements.
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19
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Chaudhry A, Kassim NK, Zainuddin SLA, Taib H, Ibrahim HA, Ahmad B, Hanafi MH, Adnan AS. Potential Effects of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Periodontal Parameters, Inflammatory Markers, and Kidney Function Indicators in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112752. [PMID: 36359271 PMCID: PMC9687126 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic periodontitis (CP) contribute to the increased level of inflammatory biomarkers in the blood. This study hypothesized that successful periodontal treatment would reduce the level of inflammatory biomarkers in CKD patients. This prospective study recruited two groups of CP patients: 33 pre-dialysis CKD patients and 33 non-CKD patients. All patients underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Their blood samples and periodontal parameters were taken before and after six weeks of NSPT. The serum level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and periodontal parameters were compared between groups. On the other hand, kidney function indicators such as serum urea and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were only measured in CKD patients. Clinical periodontal parameters and inflammatory markers levels at baseline were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CKD group than in the non-CKD group and showed significant reduction (p < 0.05) after six weeks of NSPT. CKD patients demonstrated a greater periodontitis severity and higher inflammatory burden than non-CKD patients. Additionally, CKD patients with CP showed a good response to NSPT. Therefore, CKD patients’ periodontal health needs to be screened for early dental interventions and monitored accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Chaudhry
- Periodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Nur Karyatee Kassim
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Basic Sciences and Medical Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Chemical Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-199-822-305
| | - Siti Lailatul Akmar Zainuddin
- Periodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Haslina Taib
- Periodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Hanim Afzan Ibrahim
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Basic Sciences and Medical Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Chemical Pathology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Basaruddin Ahmad
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Biostatics Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - Azreen Syazril Adnan
- Advanced Medical & Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Jalan Tun Hamdan Sheikh Tahir, Pulau Pinang 13200, Malaysia
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Murali AC, Bhandary R, Ramesh A, Venugopalan G. Evaluation of Treatment with Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplements on Salivary Levels of Resolvin E1 in Chronic Periodontitis Patients. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES NU 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Context Under healthy conditions, inflammation proceeds through natural healing processes by an organized cycle. Similar to any other systemic infection, periodontal disease is also a manifestation of dysregulated inflammatory pathway.Endogenous lipid mediators called resolvins and docosatrienes, produced from omega-3 fatty acid precursors, possess various immunoregulatory properties. These polyunsaturated fatty acids cannot be synthesized in body, instead these have to be taken through diet. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adjunctive treatment with daily dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids in chronic periodontitis.
Aims The aim of this study was to assess periodontal parameters and salivary levels of Resolvin E1 with and without dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid capsules in chronic periodontitis patients.
Methods and Materials Three-month comparative clinical study was performed on 52 patients allotted to two groups, each with 26 subjects. Both groups received an initial phase 1 therapy followed by additional dietary supplementation of 500 mg of omega-3 fatty acid capsules for 3 months for the test group. Salivary levels of Resolvin E1, periodontal parameters, including pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), were assessed at baseline, 1 and 3 months after the study.
Statistical Analysis Used Data was analyzed with an unpaired t-test between the group and paired t-test for within the group comparison. p-Value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results PPD and CAL showed statistically significant differences between the two groups and within the groups
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna C Murali
- Department of Periodontics, Nitte Deemed to be University, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul Bhandary
- Department of Periodontics, Nitte Deemed to be University, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Amitha Ramesh
- Department of Periodontics, Nitte Deemed to be University, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Geethu Venugopalan
- Department of Periodontics, Nitte Deemed to be University, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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21
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Radulescu V, Boariu MI, Rusu D, Roman A, Surlin P, Voicu A, Didilescu AC, Jentsch H, Siciliano VI, Ramaglia L, Vela O, Kardaras G, Sculean A, Stratul SI. Clinical and microbiological effects of a single application of sodium hypochlorite gel during subgingival re-instrumentation: a triple-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:6639-6652. [PMID: 35829773 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to assess the clinical and microbiological effects of a single subgingival administration of sodium hypochlorite gel (NaOCl) and compare it with 1% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel and a placebo gel following mechanical re-instrumentation during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-two patients who had been treated for stage III-IV periodontitis and enrolled in SPT were included in the study based on following criteria: (1) active periodontal therapy completed at least 6 months before enrollment in the study, (2) presence of at least 4 non-adjacent sites with probing pocket depths (PPDs) ≥ 4 mm with bleeding on probing (BOP), or presence of 5-8 mm PPDs with or without BOP. All sites presenting PPD ≥ 4 mm and BOP at baseline and 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-up timepoints were subgingivally re-instrumented with ultrasounds. Selected patients were randomly assigned into three groups and treated additionally with a single subgingival administration of NaOCl gel (group A); 1% CHX gel (group B); and placebo gel (group C). Main outcome variable was pocket closure at 12 months. Secondary outcome variables were changes in mean PPD, BOP, and clinical attachment level (CAL) along with changes in the numbers of the following five keystone bacterial pathogens: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.), Prevotella intermedia (P.i.), Tannerella forsythia (T.f.), and Treponema denticola (T.d.). RESULTS At 12 months, pocket closure was obtained in 77.5% in the NaOCl treated sites. The reduction in PPD was higher with CHX than with NaOCl, although a statistically significant adjunctive effect for NaOCl (P = 0.028) was only observed in comparison with placebo only. Mean CAL improved in all groups and at all timepoints, compared to the baseline (P < 0.05). However, after 6 months, CAL gain was statistically significantly higher in the NaOCl treated group than following application of CHX (P = 0.0026). CONCLUSION In SPT patients, a single adjunctive use of a NaOCl gel may provide benefits in controlling inflammation and residual pockets. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry of Clinical Trials (ISRCTN11387188). CLINICAL RELEVANCE A baseline single application of NaOCl gel in conjunction with mechanical debridement may achieve substantial pocket closure in patients enrolled in SPT; treatment time, cost, and applicability considerations should be taken into account when selecting this therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorelia Radulescu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, , Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Ion Boariu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, TADERP Research Center, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Darian Rusu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, , Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Applicative Periodontal Regeneration Research Unit, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Petra Surlin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Adrian Voicu
- Department of Informatics and Medical Biostatistics, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Cristiana Didilescu
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Holger Jentsch
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, Centre for Periodontology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Iorio Siciliano
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Ramaglia
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Octavia Vela
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, , Timisoara, Romania
| | - Giorgios Kardaras
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, , Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Anton Sculean Research Center for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, , Timisoara, Romania
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22
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Papageorgiou SN, Antonoglou GN, Michelogiannakis D, Kakali L, Eliades T, Madianos P. Effect of periodontal-orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49 Suppl 24:102-120. [PMID: 34327710 PMCID: PMC9290963 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the beneficial and adverse effects on the dental and periodontal issues of periodontal-orthodontic treatment of teeth with pathological tooth flaring, drifting, and elongation in patients with severe periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine databases were searched in April 2020 for randomized/non-randomized clinical studies. After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment, random-effect meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed, followed by subgroup/meta-regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 30 randomized and non-randomized clinical studies including 914 patients (29.7% male; mean age 43.4 years) were identified. Orthodontic treatment of pathologically migrated teeth was associated with clinical attachment gain (-0.24 mm; seven studies), pocket probing depth reduction (-0.23 mm; seven studies), marginal bone gain (-0.36 mm; seven studies), and papilla height gain (-1.42 mm; two studies) without considerable adverse effects, while patient sex, gingival phenotype, baseline disease severity, interval between periodontal and orthodontic treatment, and orthodontic treatment duration affected the results. Greater marginal bone level gains were seen by additional circumferential fiberotomy (two studies; MD = -0.98 mm; 95% CI = -1.87 to -0.10 mm; p = .03), but the quality of evidence was low. CONCLUSIONS Limited evidence of poor quality indicates that orthodontic treatment might be associated with small improvements of periodontal parameters, which do not seem to affect prognosis, but more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon N. Papageorgiou
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Georgios N. Antonoglou
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Department of Periodontology, Faculty of DentistryUniversity ComplutenseMadridSpain
| | - Dimitrios Michelogiannakis
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Eastman Institute for Oral HealthUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Lydia Kakali
- Department of Orthodontics, School of DentistryNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
| | - Theodore Eliades
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental MedicineUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Phoebus Madianos
- Department of Periodontology, School of DentistryNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece
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23
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Morozumi T, Nakayama Y, Shirakawa S, Imamura K, Nohno K, Nagano T, Miyazawa H, Hokari T, Takuma R, Sugihara S, Gomi K, Saito A, Ogata Y, Komaki M. Effect of Locally Delivered Minocycline on the Profile of Subgingival Bacterial Genera in Patients with Periodontitis: A Prospective Pilot Study. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050719. [PMID: 35625646 PMCID: PMC9138390 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This prospective pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of minocycline-HCl ointment (MO), locally delivered as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP), on subgingival microflora. A total of 59 periodontitis patients received SRP as an initial periodontal therapy. In the selected periodontal pockets with probing depths (PD) of 6−9 mm, the sites that exhibited a positive reaction following a bacterial test using an immunochromatographic device were subsequently treated with MO (SRP + MO group, n = 25). No additional treatment was performed at sites showing a negative reaction (SRP group, n = 34). In addition to subgingival plaque sampling, measurement of clinical parameters including PD, clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index and gingival index (GI) were performed at baseline and 4 weeks after the initial periodontal therapy. The subgingival microflora were assessed by terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Relative to baseline values, the mean scores for PD-, CAL-, BOP-, and GI-sampled sites were significantly decreased post treatment in both groups (p < 0.01). The intra-comparisons showed a significant decrease in the counts of the genera Eubacterium, Parvimonas, Filifactor, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, and unknown species in the SRP + MO group (p < 0.05). Inter-comparisons indicated a significant decrease in the genera Veillonella in the SRP + MO group (p = 0.01). Combination therapy of SRP and local MO induced a change in the subgingival microbial community: particularly, the number of Veillonella spp. was markedly reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Morozumi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan; (R.T.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-46-822-8855
| | - Yohei Nakayama
- Departments of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan; (Y.N.); (Y.O.)
| | - Satoshi Shirakawa
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Tsurumi Junior College, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan;
| | - Kentaro Imamura
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; (K.I.); (A.S.)
| | - Kaname Nohno
- Division of Oral Science for Health Promotion, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Takatoshi Nagano
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.N.); (K.G.)
| | - Haruna Miyazawa
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Takahiro Hokari
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;
| | - Ryo Takuma
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan; (R.T.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Shuntaro Sugihara
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan; (R.T.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Kazuhiro Gomi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; (T.N.); (K.G.)
| | - Atsushi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kanda-Misakicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; (K.I.); (A.S.)
| | - Yorimasa Ogata
- Departments of Periodontology and Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1 Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan; (Y.N.); (Y.O.)
| | - Motohiro Komaki
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan; (R.T.); (S.S.); (M.K.)
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24
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Alkan İİ, Akkaya HÜ, Sağlam M. The effectiveness of scaling and root planing with combined application of air polishing and Nd:YAG laser in periodontal pockets of stage III grade C periodontitis patients: a single-blinded randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5459-5469. [PMID: 35505199 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluating the efficiency of combined air polishing and Nd:YAG laser application in addition to scaling and root planning (SRP) in treatment of periodontal pockets of stage III grade C periodontitis patients was the aim of this clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four systemically healthy, stage III grade C periodontitis patients were recruited for this clinical trial. In this split-mouth study, the quadrants were randomly allocated to either SRP with combined air polishing (erythritol/chlorhexidine powder) and Nd:YAG laser (2 W, 200 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz) therapy (test group) or SRP alone (control group). A masked examiner recorded clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (%) (BOP %), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) on periodontal charts at baseline, 1 month and 3 months after treatment. RESULTS The clinical parameters had significantly reduced 1 and 3 months after treatment compared to baseline for both study groups (p < 0.05). Considering PI, GI, and BOP (%) parameters, there were no significant differences between the study groups at any time points (p > 0.05). While PD and CAL reductions were similar in study groups for moderately deep pockets (5 to 6 mm) (p > 0.05), PD and CAL reductions were significantly greater in test group compared to control group for deep pockets (PD ≥ 7 mm) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present clinical trial demonstrated that SRP with combined application of air polishing and Nd:YAG laser may be advantageous in sites where mechanical debridement alone cannot access, such as deep pockets in the short term. Long-term, well-designed future studies including clinical, biochemical, and microbiological analyses are needed to determine the effectiveness of this procedure. CLINICAL RELEVANCE SRP with combined application of air polishing and Nd:YAG laser provided more reductions in probing depth and clinical attachment level parameters in deep pockets compared to SRP alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmet İlke Alkan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey.,Private Practice, Karabağlar, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hazal Üstünel Akkaya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sağlam
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
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25
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Hussain B, Karaca EO, Kuru BE, Gursoy H, Haugen HJ, Wohlfahrt JC. Treatment of residual pockets using an oscillating chitosan device versus regular curettes alone-A randomized, feasibility parallel-arm clinical trial. J Periodontol 2022; 93:780-789. [PMID: 34710240 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A brush made of chitosan has shown to be an effective and harmless device for non-surgical treatment of mild to moderate peri-implantitis. To date, no study has evaluated the use of a chitosan brush in the non-surgical treatment of residual pockets in periodontal treatment. METHODS Seventy-eight patients with periodontitis were included in this multicenter, randomized, examiner-blind clinical trial of 6 months duration. Patients with residual probing pocket depth (PPD) of ≥5 mm and ≤7 mm following previous active periodontal treatment were included. Patients were assigned either subgingival treatment with curettes (control) or an oscillating chitosan brush (test). Changes in bleeding on probing (BoP) and PPD between baseline and terminal evaluation at 6 months were evaluated. RESULTS A significant reduction in both PPD and BoP was seen within both groups. There was no significant difference in BoP between test and control groups after 6 months, but the reduction in PPD was significantly improved in the test group (P ≤ 0.01). The combined outcome of no BOP and PPD ≤4 mm was significantly better in the test group (P ≤ 0.01). No adverse reactions were seen. CONCLUSION Treatment of residual periodontal pockets (PPD = 5 to 7 mm) with a chitosan brush disclosed equal or better clinical results as compared to regular curettes. This study supports that a chitosan brush can be used for subgingival biofilm removal and soft tissue curretage in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badra Hussain
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ebru Ozkan Karaca
- Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Eren Kuru
- Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hare Gursoy
- Department of Periodontology, Yeditepe University School of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Håvard Jostein Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Caspar Wohlfahrt
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Bjerke Tannmedisin, Oslo, Norway
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26
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Li LJ, Yan X, Yu Q, Yan FH, Tan BC. Multidisciplinary non-surgical treatment of advanced periodontitis: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:2229-2246. [PMID: 35321158 PMCID: PMC8895166 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i7.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with severe periodontitis often require multidisciplinary treatment to achieve healthy periodontal tissue, normal occlusion, and optimal aesthetics. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of multidisciplinary non-surgical treatment in a patient with stage IV/ grade C periodontitis, malocclusion, and dentition defects.
CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old woman visited our periodontology department due to teeth mobility problems and difficulties chewing food. The patient had no history of drug allergies or systemic disease. Initial therapy involved scaling and root planning with a Gracey scaler and periodontal ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus using a periodontal endoscope (Perioscopy, Zest Dental Solutions, United States) to control the periodontal inflammation prior to treatment. Five months later, orthodontic treatment was then performed to treat occlusion and overall aesthetics. After completion, a Maryland bridge was used to restore Nos. 22, 31, and 41 teeth. Florida probing (Florida probe, United States) was performed every 2-3 mo to evaluate the periodontal condition throughout treatment. Overall, multidisciplinary non-surgical treatment resulted in satisfactory aesthetic results with healthy periodontal tissue and stable occlusion.
CONCLUSION In some patients with stage IV/grade C periodontitis, systematic and sequential non-surgical treatment can provide excellent therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Jun Li
- Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fu-Hua Yan
- Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bao-Chun Tan
- Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
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27
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Ridwan RD, Yuliati Y, Sidarningsih S, Sholihah FM, Aljunaid M, Lashari DM. A study of the mucoadhesive patches loaded with mangosteen peel extract in periodontitis. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:864-869. [PMID: 34899131 PMCID: PMC8626817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The treatment of periodontitis with scaling and root planing has a good prognosis. However, periodontitis may also exacerbate. The mucoadhesive patch is one of the distribution systems of topical drugs, which is not irritable to the mucosa and eventually increases permeability. Based on phytochemical screening, mangosteen peel extract has an active ingredient with high anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. This study aims to understand the potential of a mucoadhesive patch loaded with mangosteen peel extract to inhibit alveolar bone damage in periodontitis. METHODS This experimental laboratory research was conducted using 27 Wistar rats divided into three groups: the positive control group (0.7% tetracycline gel application), negative control group (mucoadhesive patch application), and experimental group (mucoadhesive patch loaded with mangosteen peel extract application). Rats were administered 1 × 109 colony-forming unit as much as 200 μL of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans bacteria three times at 2-day intervals. Tetracycline gel and mucoadhesive patch application were administered for 1 h/day for 3 days. Three rats from each group were sacrificed on days 3, 5, and 7 after the application. The lower jaw was dissected for histopathological examination using haematoxylin and eosin staining to determine the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. RESULTS The mucoadhesive patches loaded with mangosteen peel extract significantly reduced the number of osteoclasts and increased the number of osteoblasts in all groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The mucoadhesive patches loaded with mangosteen peel extract can prevent alveolar bone damage in periodontitis by inhibiting the number of osteoclasts and increasing the number of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rini D. Ridwan
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Yuliati Yuliati
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | | | - Fitri M. Sholihah
- Bachelor of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Aljunaid
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Dur M. Lashari
- Doctoral Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
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28
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Abstract
Causes of the progression of periodontitis such as an imbalance between the immune response by the host by the release of inflammatory mediators in the response of the oral pathogenic dysbiotic biofilm have been identified. New insights on specific cell signaling pathways that appear during periodontitis have attracted the attention of researchers in the study of new personalised approaches for the treatment of periodontitis. The gold standard of non-surgical therapy of periodontitis involves the removal of supra and subgingival biofilm through professional scaling and root planing (SRP) and oral hygiene instructions. In order to improve periodontal clinical outcomes and overcome the limitations of traditional SRP, additional adjuvants have been developed in recent decades, including local or systemic antibiotics, antiseptics, probiotics, anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive drugs and host modulation therapies. This review is aimed to update the current and recent evolution of therapies of management of periodontitis based on the adjunctive and target therapies. Moreover, we discuss the advances in host modulation of periodontitis and the impact of targeting epigenetic mechanisms approaches for a personalised therapeutic success in the management of periodontitis. In conclusion, the future goal in periodontology will be to combine and personalise the periodontal treatments to the colonising microbial profile and to the specific response of the individual patient.
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Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Complex Extracts of Ligularia stenocephala Matsum. & Koidz. and Secale cereale L. Sprout in Chronic Gingivitis: In Vitro Investigation and Randomized Clinical Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101586. [PMID: 34679720 PMCID: PMC8533477 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex extracts of Ligularia stenocephala Matsum. & Koidz. (LSE) and Secale cereale L. sprout (SCSE) (TEES-10®) were prepared. The purposes of the study were to evaluate anti-inflammatory activities of TEES-10® in vitro and to observe resolution of gingivitis in human with oral administration of TEES-10®. The effects of TEES-10® on normal periodontal ligament (PDL) cell viability, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced PDL cell viability and the changes of inflammatory mediator expression were evaluated in vitro. In the clinical trial, 150 mg of TEES-10® powder containing capsule was administered twice daily to the test group, while the control group administered placebos in a total 100 participants with gingivitis. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss, gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were measured at baseline and 4 weeks. Administering TEES-10® showed significant increase in PDL cell viability compared to administering LSE or SCSE alone. In addition, treating TEES-10® to LPS induced PDL cell significantly increased PDL cell viability compared to control. TEES-10® suppressed expression of NF-κB, p-ERK, ERK, COX-2, c-Fos and p-STAT and promoted expression of PPARγ in LPS induced PDL cells. In the clinical trial, significant improvement of GI and BOP was observed in the test group at 4 weeks. In addition, the number of patients diagnosed with gingivitis was significantly reduced in the test group at 4 weeks. Salivary MMP-8 and MMP-9 was also significantly decreased compared to placebo group. Within the limitations of this study, the TEES-10® would have an anti-inflammatory potential clinically in the chronic gingivitis patients.
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Citterio F, Gualini G, Chang M, Piccoli GM, Giraudi M, Manavella V, Baima G, Mariani GM, Romano F, Aimetti M. Pocket closure and residual pockets after non-surgical periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 49:2-14. [PMID: 34517433 PMCID: PMC9298904 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim To analyse the efficacy of non‐surgical therapy (NST) in terms of pocket closure (PC) and changes in percentage and number of pockets. Materials and Methods Three databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) were searched up to January 2020. Prospective studies with a minimum follow‐up of 12 months and presenting data in terms of PC or number or percentage of pocket depths (PDs) before and after NST on systemically healthy patients were included. Random‐effect meta‐analyses were performed. Results After screening 4610 titles and abstracts, 27 studies were included. Of these, 63.9% of PC was reported by one study. The percentage of PDs ≤3 mm changed from 39.06% to 64.11% with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of 26.14% (p < .001). This accounted for a relative increase of healthy sites of 64.13%. The mean percentage of PD ≥5 mm was 28.23% and 11.71% before and after treatment, respectively, with a WMD of 15.50% (p < .001). The WMD in the number of PDs ≥5 mm before and after treatment was 24.42 (p = .036). The mean number of residual PPD ≥5 after NST was 14.13. Conclusions NST is able to eradicate the majority of the pockets. However, residual pockets after NST may remain and should be considered cautiously for further treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Citterio
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Gualini
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Moontaek Chang
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Gian Marco Piccoli
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Giraudi
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Manavella
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baima
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Mariani
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Romano
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Periodontology, Università di Torino, C.I.R. Dental School, Turin, Italy
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Abdulbaqi HR, Shaikh MS, Abdulkareem AA, Zafar MS, Gul SS, Sha AM. Efficacy of erythritol powder air-polishing in active and supportive periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:62-74. [PMID: 34318577 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to analyse available evidence to answer two focused questions about the efficacy of erythritol powder air-polishing (EPAP) (i) as an adjunctive during active periodontal therapy (APT) and (ii) as an alternative to hand/ultrasonic instrumentation during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). Additionally, microbiological outcomes and patient's comfort/perceptions were assessed as secondary outcomes. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane and Medline were searched for relevant articles published before February 2021 following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted by three independent reviewers, and the agreement was measured by Cohen's kappa score. Out of 1043 articles, eight randomized clinical trials were selected for systematic review and quantitative synthesis. Only periodontal parameters, such as clinical attachment level (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BoP), showed homogeneity and, thus, were selected for meta-analysis. RESULTS The improvement in PPD and BoP scores after using EPAP was comparable with hand/ultrasonic instrumentation during both APT and SPT. Significant CAL gain was achieved with EPAP during APT (0.16 mm, p < 0.02) compared with hand/ultrasonic instrumentation at the end point, whereas non-significant CAL gain was achieved during SPT. No differences were observed regarding microbiological outcomes between the two treatment modalities. However, EPAP inflicted less pain and was better perceived by the patients. CONCLUSION Erythritol powder air-polishing can substitute hand/ultrasonic instrumentation for SPT, and CAL gain is significantly improved when EPAP is used as an adjunct during APT. For microbiological outcomes, no significant differences were observed between the two approaches; however, EPAP was better tolerated by the patients than hand/ultrasonic instrumentation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Erythritol powder air-polishing can be used as an adjunct during APT and as an alternative to conventional mechanical debridement during SPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder R Abdulbaqi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Muhammad Saad Shaikh
- Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ali A Abdulkareem
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sarhang S Gul
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Aram M Sha
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.,Smart Health Tower, Sulaimani, Iraq
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Chen Q, Liu X, Wang D, Zheng J, Chen L, Xie Q, Liu X, Niu S, Qu G, Lan J, Li J, Yang C, Zou D. Periodontal Inflammation-Triggered by Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Pyroptosis Exacerbates Periodontitis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:663037. [PMID: 33869229 PMCID: PMC8049442 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.663037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an immune inflammatory disease that leads to progressive destruction of bone and connective tissue, accompanied by the dysfunction and even loss of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Pyroptosis mediated by gasdermin-D (GSDMD) participates in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. However, whether pyroptosis mediates PDLSC loss, and inflammation triggered by pyroptosis is involved in the pathological progression of periodontitis remain unclear. Here, we found that PDLSCs suffered GSDMD-dependent pyroptosis to release interleukin-1β (IL-1β) during human periodontitis. Importantly, the increased IL-1β level in gingival crevicular fluid was significantly correlated with periodontitis severity. The caspase-4/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis caused by periodontal bacteria and cytoplasmic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dominantly contributed to PDLSC loss. By releasing IL-1β into the tissue microenvironment, pyroptotic PDLSCs inhibited osteoblastogenesis and promoted osteoclastogenesis, which exacerbated the pathological damage of periodontitis. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase-4 or IL-1β antibody blockade in a rat periodontitis model lead to the significantly reduced loss of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament damage. Furthermore, Gsdmd deficiency alleviated periodontal inflammation and bone loss in mouse experimental periodontitis. These findings indicate that GSDMD-driven PDLSC pyroptosis and loss plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis by increasing IL-1β release, enhancing inflammation, and promoting osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingguang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jisi Zheng
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyang Xie
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujuan Niu
- College of Stomatology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Guanlin Qu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianfeng Lan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine in Liver Injury and Repair, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chi Yang
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Duohong Zou
- Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Luo W, Li H, Ye F. Clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e23755. [PMID: 33530175 PMCID: PMC7850771 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental pain can have a detrimental effect on quality of life. Symptomatic apical periodontitis is the most common cause of dental pain and arise from an inflamed or necrotic dental pulp. There is growing evidence to support the effectiveness of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis. We therefor will conduct this study to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis. METHODS We will systematically search the following databases: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), and WanFang database. A grey literature search will be conducted using ZETOC Conference Proceedings and Open Grey. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to research on probiotics in combination with antibiotics to treatment patients with periodontitis will be included. All sources have to be searched from their inception to October 2020. Two authors will independently select studies, extract study data, and evaluate the quality of the included studies. We will use Review Manager Software (RevMan 5.3) to analyze data. RESULTS This study will systematically evaluate the clinical therapeutic effects of probiotics in combination with antibiotics on periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS This study will generate evidence for a better clinical decision of patients with periodontitis. REGISTRATION NUMBER DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QZ6SB (https://osf.io/qz6sb/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Wuchang Hospital of Wuhan
- Department of Stomatology, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Stomatology, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Stomatology, Hankou Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: A Translational View in Oral Non-Communicable Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010085. [PMID: 33445558 PMCID: PMC7826734 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are vital regulators of angiogenesis that are expressed in response to soluble mediators, such as cytokines and growth factors. Their physiologic functions include blood vessel formation, regulation of vascular permeability, stem cell and monocyte/macrophage recruitment and maintenance of bone homeostasis and repair. In addition, angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in chronic pathologic conditions, such as tumorigenesis, inflammatory immune diseases and bone loss. According to their prevalence, morbidity and mortality, inflammatory diseases affecting periodontal tissues and oral cancer are relevant non-communicable diseases. Whereas oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered one of the most common cancers worldwide, destructive inflammatory periodontal diseases, on the other hand, are amongst the most prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions affecting humans and also represent the main cause of tooth loss in adults. In the recent years, while knowledge regarding the role of VEGF signaling in common oral diseases is expanding, new potential translational applications emerge. In the present narrative review we aim to explore the role of VEGF signaling in oral cancer and destructive periodontal inflammatory diseases, with emphasis in its translational applications as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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35
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Adjunctive air-polishing with erythritol in nonsurgical periodontal therapy: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:364. [PMID: 33372602 PMCID: PMC7771063 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to investigate if the adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during subgingival instrumentation (SI) has an effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with moderate to severe periodontitis. METHODS Fourty-two individuals with periodontitis received nonsurgical periodontal therapy by SI without (controls, n = 21) and with adjunctive air-polishing using nozzle + erythritol powder (test, n = 21). They were analyzed for the clinical variables BOP (primary outcome at six months), probing depth (PD), attachment level, four selected microorganisms and two biomarkers at baseline, before SI as well as three and six months after SI. Statistical analysis included nonparametric tests for intra- and intergroup comparisons. RESULTS In both groups, the clinical variables PD, attachment level and BOP significantly improved three and six months after SI. The number of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm was significantly lower in the test group than in the control group after six months. At six months versus baseline, there were significant reductions of Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola counts as well as lower levels of MMP-8 in the test group. CONCLUSIONS Subgingival instrumentation with adjunctive erythritol air-polishing powder does not reduce BOP. But it may add beneficial effects like reducing the probing depth measured as number of residual periodontal pocket with PD ≥ 5 mm when compared with subgingival instrumentation only. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The adjunctive use of erythritol air-polishing powder applied with the nozzle-system during SI may improve the clinical outcome of SI and may reduce the need for periodontal surgery. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered in the German register of clinical trials, DRKS00015239 on 6th August 2018, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL .
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36
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Rabelo MDS, Gomes GH, Foz AM, Stadler AF, Cutler CW, Susin C, Romito GA. Short-term effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on local and systemic cytokine levels: Role of hyperglycemia. Cytokine 2020; 138:155360. [PMID: 33221157 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on oral and systemic inflammatory mediators in subjects with periodontitis and hyperglycemia remains largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this clinical study was to compare the short-term effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on serum, saliva and GCF inflammatory markers levels in GP subjects with or without hyperglycemia. METHODS Sixty subjects divided into four groups of equal size were selected to participate: type 2 diabetics with generalized periodontitis (T2DM + GP), pre-diabetics with GP (PD + GP), normoglycemic subjects with GP (NG + GP), and healthy controls. GCF, serum, and saliva samples were obtained at baseline and 30 days after scaling and root planning (SRP) and the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1 β), IL-8, IL-6, IL-2, IL-5, IL-4, IL-10, Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined by ultrasensitive multiplex assay. Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. RESULTS SRP yielded significant improvement of all periodontal parameters for all GP groups (p < 0.01). A significant reduction in GCF levels of several cytokines were observed; however, only IL-1B and IFN-γ were consistently reduced post-treatment across all GP groups. Salivary levels of IL-1β were significantly reduced in all GP groups following treatment. No significant differences were observed for serum levels after SRP. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal treatment reduced local inflammatory markers, specifically IL-1B and IFN-γ, irrespective of the diabetes status. Periodontal treatment had no significant effect on serum levels of the inflammatory markers evaluated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana de Sousa Rabelo
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Giovane Hisse Gomes
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Moura Foz
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Finger Stadler
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christopher W Cutler
- Department of Periodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, USA
| | - Cristiano Susin
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health, Periodontology, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Alexandre Romito
- Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Taylor HL, Rahurkar S, Treat TJ, Thyvalikakath TP, Schleyer TK. Does Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment Improve Systemic Health? J Dent Res 2020; 100:253-260. [PMID: 33089733 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520965958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinicians frequently stress the importance of maintaining good oral health for multiple reasons, including its link to systemic health. Because periodontal treatment reduces inflammation in oral tissues, some hypothesize it may positively affect systemic outcomes by reducing inflammation in the body. A significant number of systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have evaluated the effect of periodontal treatment on systemic outcomes. However, inconsistent findings and questionable methodological rigor make drawing conclusions difficult. We conducted a systematic review of reviews that studied the effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on systemic disease outcomes. We report on outcomes evaluated, categorizing them as biomarkers, and surrogate or clinical endpoints. In addition, we used A MeaSurement Tool to Access systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) to evaluate the methodological quality of the reviews. Of the 52 studies included in our review, 21 focused on diabetes, 15 on adverse birth outcomes, 8 on cardiovascular disease, 3 each on obesity and rheumatoid arthritis, and 2 on chronic kidney disease. Across all studies, surrogate endpoints predominated as outcomes, followed by biomarkers and, rarely, actual disease endpoints. Ninety-two percent of studies had "low" or "critically low" AMSTAR 2 confidence ratings. Criteria not met most frequently included advance registration of the protocol, justification for excluding individual studies, risk of bias from individual studies being included in the review, and appropriateness of meta-analytical methods. There is a dearth of robust evidence on whether nonsurgical periodontal treatment improves systemic disease outcomes. Future reviews should adhere more closely to methodological guidelines for conducting and reporting SRs/MAs than has been the case to date. Beyond improved reviews, additional rigorous research on whether periodontal treatment affects systemic health is needed. We highlight the potential of large-scale databases containing matched medical and dental record data to inform and complement future clinical research studying the effect of periodontal treatment on systemic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Taylor
- Department of Health Policy and Management, NLM Public and Population Health Informatics Fellow, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - S Rahurkar
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.,The Center for the Advancement of Team Science, Analytics, and Systems Thinking (CATALYST), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T J Treat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - T P Thyvalikakath
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry & Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - T K Schleyer
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Jentsch HFR, Dietrich M, Eick S. Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy with Adjunctive Amoxicillin/Metronidazole or Metronidazole When No Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Is Detected—A Randomized Clinical Trial. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9100686. [PMID: 33050325 PMCID: PMC7601813 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim was to compare two different systemic antibiotics regimens adjunctive to non-surgical periodontal therapy when Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was not detected in the subgingival biofilm. Methods: A total of 58 patients with periodontitis and with no A. actinomycetemcomitans in the subgingival biofilm were treated with full-mouth subgingival instrumentation and either metronidazole (MET; n = 29) or amoxicillin/metronidazole (AMX/MET; n = 29). Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded at baseline, as well as after three and six months. Subgingival biofilm and gingival crevicular fluid were collected and analyzed for major periodontopathogens and biomarkers. Results: PD, CAL and BOP improved at 3 and 6 months (each p < 0.001 vs. baseline) with no difference between the groups. Sites with initial PD ≥ 6 mm also improved in both groups after 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001) with a higher reduction of PD in the AMX/MET group (p < 0.05). T. forsythia was lower in the AMX/MET group after 3 months (p < 0.05). MMP-8 and IL-1β were without significant changes and differences between the groups. Conclusion: When A. actinomycetemcomitans was not detected in the subgingival biofilm, the adjunctive systemic use of amoxicillin/metronidazole results in better clinical and microbiological outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy when the application of systemic antibiotics is scheduled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger F. R. Jentsch
- Centre for Periodontology, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, Haus 1, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-341-9721208; Fax: +49-341-9721259
| | - Martin Dietrich
- Private Dental Practice, Borngasse 12, D-99084 Erfurt, Germany;
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstr. 7, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland;
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Wei YS, Chang YR, Tsai YT, Yang YT, Weng SH, Tseng LF, Chou HC, Hu AT, Liao EC, Chen HY, Lin GY, Cheng WC, Chan HL. The distribution of cultivable oral anaerobic microbiota identified by MALDI-TOF MS in healthy subjects and in patients with periodontal disease. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113647. [PMID: 33010501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to identify the cultivatable oral anaerobic bacterial distribution in oral cavity by MALDI-TOF Biotyper. The bacterial distribution of three groups, including subjects with/without periodontal disease, two clusters of age (60 years as the cutoff), and before/after treatment, were investigated in this study. There were 38 participants recruited in this study, involving 18 subjects with moderate to severe periodontal-infected patients and 20 healthy controls. Total number of 126 bacterial species were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The relative abundance of Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus intermedius in periodontal patients is higher than healthy controls indicating potential biomarkers for periodontal disease. Participants with periodontal disease were subdivided in to two clusters of age (60 years as the cutoff), 11 and 7 participants were age <60 years and>60 years, respectively. Meanwhile, the incidence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus oralis infection were higher in the subjects above 60 years old than below. Moreover, the bacterial distribution between pre-treatment and post-treatment was similar indicating that basic treatment without the ability to redistribute the microbiota. In summary, the cultivable oral anaerobic bacteria were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and the bacterial distribution shifting was shown to be associated with the progress of periodontal disease to aging and basic treatment. This study provided information for diagnosis and treatment guidelines for oral healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Wei
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Chang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; General Biologicals Corporation, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hui Weng
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Fang Tseng
- Life Science in Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Chou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Alice Tinyu Hu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - En-Chi Liao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Cheng
- SDGs Teaching and Research Headquarters, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Lin Chan
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Sanz‐Sánchez I, Montero E, Citterio F, Romano F, Molina A, Aimetti M. Efficacy of access flap procedures compared to subgingival debridement in the treatment of periodontitis. A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47 Suppl 22:282-302. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sanz‐Sánchez
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group University Complutense Madrid Spain
| | - Eduardo Montero
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group University Complutense Madrid Spain
| | - Filippo Citterio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Federica Romano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Ana Molina
- Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases (ETEP) Research Group University Complutense Madrid Spain
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School University of Turin Turin Italy
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Gürsoy H, Tunar OL, Ince Kuka G, Ozkan Karaca E, Kocabaş H, Kuru BE. Profilometric Analysis of Periodontally Diseased Root Surfaces After Application of Different Instrumentation Tools: An In Vitro Study. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 38:181-185. [PMID: 31944884 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The topography of the root surface plays an important role in plaque accumulation, cell adhesion, and periodontal healing. The aim of this study is to profilometrically evaluate the root surface changes following the instrumentation using different tools. Methods: Forty dentin blocks of buccal and lingual root surfaces were obtained from 20 single-rooted periodontally diseased hopeless teeth and randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group was subjected to different root instrumentation tools such as stainless steel (SS) Gracey curette (Group 1); titanium nitride (TIN) Gracey curette (Group 2); ultrasonic piezoelectric device with a special tip designed for root surfaces (H3) (Group 3); and Er:YAG laser (Er:YAG tip) chisel (Group 4). A calibrated clinician instrumented all surfaces in each group. The root surfaces were profilometrically evaluated before and after instrumentations. Results: There were no statistical differences between the initial roughness levels of the groups. TIN curettes revealed the most prominent effect on smoothing the surface, whereas the Er:YAG tip showed the highest roughness in comparison with the other root surface instrumentation tools. Conclusions: Considering the importance of root surface roughness after treatment for the success of periodontal therapy, the TIN curette was the most periodontally appealing tool followed by H3, SS curette, and Er:YAG tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hare Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ogul Leman Tunar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Ince Kuka
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Ozkan Karaca
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hazel Kocabaş
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahar Eren Kuru
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kirchberg M, Eick S, Buchholz M, Kiesow A, Sarembe S, Mäder K. Extrudates of lipophilic tetracycline complexes: A new option for periodontitis therapy. Int J Pharm 2019; 572:118794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Siva NTD, Silva DNDA, Azevedo MLDS, Silva Júnior FLD, Almeida ML, Longo JPF, Moraes MD, Gurgel BCDV, de Aquino Martins ARL. The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy as a complementary therapy to mechanical instrumentation on residual periodontal pocket clinical parameters: A clinical split-mouth test. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101565. [PMID: 31586644 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy as complementary therapy to mechanical instrumentation on periodontal residual pockets. This longitudinal, prospective, double-blind and controlled split-mouth clinical trial included one hundred and fourteen residual periodontal sites with probing depth ≥ 4 mm and bleeding on probing, which were distributed into two groups: 57 in the test group (SRP + aPDT) - using a low power laser application Therapy XT (DMC Equipamentos Ltda, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil) with operational parameters of 660 nm and 110 mW for 15s, and 57 in the control group (SRP). Oral hygiene conditions were evaluated, through the Visible Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), as well as periodontal clinical outcomes, comprising the Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Probing Depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) at baseline and after 3 months. Decrease of 17.74% was observed for the VPI after 3 months of follow-up, while the GBI was reduced by 19.91%, thus indicating statistically significant decreases for both parameters (p < 0.001). Decreases in VPI per site, BOP and PD and CAL gain between T0 and T3 in both treatment groups (p < 0.001) were observed, but no statistically significant intergroup differences were found (p > 0.05). Within the parameters used in this study, adjuvant aPDT to SRP did not lead additional benefits regarding the assessed clinical parameters after three months.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - João Paulo Figueiró Longo
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Maiara de Moraes
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Medicine, Rural Federal University of Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, RN, Brazil.
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Jentsch HFR, Heusinger T, Weickert A, Eick S. Professional tooth cleaning prior to non-surgical periodontal therapy: A randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2019; 91:174-182. [PMID: 31376167 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to investigate if professional oral prophylaxis before scaling and root planing (SRP) has an effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with chronic periodontitis. METHODS Fifty-two individuals with chronic periodontitis receiving non-surgical periodontal therapy by SRP with (test) and without (control) two appointments of professional tooth cleaning but with motivation and instruction were monitored for clinical variables, four selected microorganisms and two biomarkers at baseline, before SRP as well as 3 and 6 months after SRP. Statistical analysis included non-parametric tests for intra- and intergroup comparisons. RESULTS Probing depth (PD), attachment level, bleeding on probing (BOP), and interproximal plaque index (API) were significantly improved in both groups 3 and 6 months after SRP. PD, BOP, API, and the number of sites with PD ≥5 mm were significantly lower in the test group than in the control group at the appointment immediately before SRP. Tannerella forsythia was significantly reduced in both groups at 3 and 6 months, Porphyromonas gingivalis only in the test group. Interleukin-1β was significantly reduced in the control group 3 and 6 months after SRP, matrix metalloproteinase-8 level decreased in the test group 3 months after SRP. There was no significant difference of any clinical and non-clinical variable between both groups at 3 and 6 months after SRP. CONCLUSIONS Professional tooth cleaning before the SRP does not improve the clinical results of the SRP. It has no obvious long-lasting effects on major periodontopathogens in the subgingival biofilm as well as on biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid after SRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger F R Jentsch
- Center for Periodontology, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Sulijaya B, Yamada‐Hara M, Yokoji‐Takeuchi M, Matsuda‐Matsukawa Y, Yamazaki K, Matsugishi A, Tsuzuno T, Sato K, Aoki‐Nonaka Y, Takahashi N, Kishino S, Ogawa J, Tabeta K, Yamazaki K. Antimicrobial function of the polyunsaturated fatty acid KetoC in an experimental model of periodontitis. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1470-1480. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benso Sulijaya
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Department of PeriodontologyFaculty of DentistryUniversitas Indonesia Jakarta Indonesia
| | - Miki Yamada‐Hara
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Oral ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Mai Yokoji‐Takeuchi
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuda‐Matsukawa
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Kyoko Yamazaki
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Aoi Matsugishi
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuzuno
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Keisuke Sato
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Yukari Aoki‐Nonaka
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Oral ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Shigenobu Kishino
- Division of Applied Life SciencesGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- Division of Applied Life SciencesGraduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Kyoto Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of PeriodontologyDepartment of Oral Biological ScienceNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yamazaki
- Research Unit for Oral‐Systemic ConnectionDivision of Oral Science for Health PromotionNiigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata Japan
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Ali M, Walboomers XF, Jansen JA, Yang F. Influence of formulation parameters on encapsulation of doxycycline in PLGA microspheres prepared by double emulsion technique for the treatment of periodontitis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Marconcini S, Goulding M, Oldoini G, Attanasio C, Giammarinaro E, Genovesi A. Clinical and patient-centered outcomes post non-surgical periodontal therapy with the use of a non-injectable anesthetic product: A randomized clinical study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 10:e12446. [PMID: 31353819 PMCID: PMC6899940 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to determine the impact of different full‐mouth decontamination (FMD) protocols on the effectiveness of an intrapocket anesthetic gel in periodontal maintenance patients. Methods Patients undergoing the periodontal maintenance program and with the need for FMD participated in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) with either a preparatory 15‐day decontamination phase, including chlorhexidine mouth rinse and domiciliary hygiene instructions (modified FMD: test group), or without it (FMD: control group). In both groups, NSPT was performed with the aid of a non‐injectable anesthetic gel. Clinical and patient‐related outcomes were recorded during a 6‐month follow‐up period. Results Sixty patients completed the 6‐month study. Both groups experienced relevant clinical improvements after NSPT, but the test group showed a significant change in periodontal parameters already after the initial 15‐day preparatory period, and overall significantly better results in periodontal outcomes when compared with the control group at the last 6‐month follow up: the gingival index was 2.07 ± 1.25 in the control group and 1.13 ± 0.51 in the test group. Less pain and dental‐related anxiety were perceived by patients in the test group showing a 6‐month mean visual analog scale of 2.13 ± 1.25 in the control group and 1.13 ± 0.83 in the test group. Conclusion The present study suggested that the modification of the standard FMD could improve the clinical efficacy of non‐injectable anesthetic, along with patients’ short‐ and mid‐term appreciation and compliance.
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Singh V, Gupta A, Verma UP, Mishra T, Pal M. An evaluation of the efficacy of ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa L. ( Kalonji) on the clinical parameters of moderate‑to‑severe gingivitis: A split‑mouth clinical study. Ayu 2019; 40:152-158. [PMID: 33281391 PMCID: PMC7685263 DOI: 10.4103/ayu.ayu_68_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gingivitis is a relatively innocuous and reversible inflammation of gingiva. If left untreated, it might progress involving the deeper supporting periodontal tissues of the tooth with consequent mobility and tooth loss. Compelling literature has suggested the role of local antibacterial and anti‑inflammatory agents as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (gold standard) for treating periodontal diseases. Various herbs such as Nimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), Babbula (Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.) and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) have been used for gingivitis since ancient times. Nigella sativa L. (Kalonji) is one such herb known for its remarkable anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and thus has been utilized in the present study. Aim The aim of the study was to explore the clinical efficacy of different ethanolic solutions of N. sativa in moderate‑to‑severe gingivitis patients. Materials and Methods It is a split‑mouth clinical study with 24 patients of moderate‑to‑severe gingivitis from the age group of 25-45 years. Recruited individuals were divided in to group I1, group II1 and group III1 (scaling and root planning i.e., control) and group I2, group II2 and group III2 (experimental). Three doses of solution 1 (1:3), solution 2 (1:1) and solution 3 (3:1) were administered to the experimental groups for 3 consecutive days. The clinical parameters, i.e., gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were recorded at baseline, 14 days and 28 days in all the individuals. ANOVA test was used in the study for statistical analysis. Results Intergroup comparison in terms of GI showed statistically significant difference at 14th and 28th day from baseline between I1 &I2, at only 28th day between II1 & II2 and insignificant difference between III1 & III2 at all time intervals from baseline. On intragroup comparison, statistically significant reduction in GI in all groups from baseline till 28 days was found, but among experimental groups best result was seen in group III2 (P < 0.001; F value 153.75). As far as PI is concerned, intergroup comparison between different groups displayed statistically significant difference from baseline to 14th and 28th day between all groups i.e I1& I2, II1& II2 and III1& III2. On intragroup comparison, statistically significant reduction in PI in all control groups i.e I1, II1 & III1 was found, but among experimental groups only group III2 provided statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001, F value 30.40). Conclusion The results of this study indicate that, the ethanolic extract of N. sativa is effective in the treatment of moderate to severe gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhaya Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Umesh Pratap Verma
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tripti Mishra
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR‑National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahesh Pal
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR‑National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Varon-Shahar E, Shusterman A, Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Weiss EI, Houri-Haddad Y. Peri-implant alveolar bone resorption in an innovative peri-implantitis murine model: Effect of implant surface and onset of infection. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:723-733. [PMID: 31219661 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the difference in alveolar bone resorption around implants after immediate placement in a bacterial induced experimental periimplantitis murine model. The various conditions that were examined were: Effect of implant surface characteristics and the onset of the induced infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Screw-shaped titanium implants, smooth-surface or sand-blasted large-grit acid-etched (SLA) coated, were inserted immediately after extraction of the first upper left molar, in 90 5-6-week-old BALB/c mice. The mice were infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum 21 (early infection) or 42 days (delayed infection) after implantation. Six weeks post infection, bone volume around inserted implants was measured using micro-CT, and was compared to alveolar bone level around teeth. Histological analysis was also performed. RESULTS The level of bone loss was significantly higher around the implants compared to the teeth, for smooth surface implants the bone loss was higher than of the SLA surface in both control and infected groups with no statistical significance. The survival rate of the implants in immediate infection was 75% compared of the 100% survival of the delayed infection and control mice. There is no significant difference between the early and the delayed infection in alveolar bone loss level around the implants. CONCLUSIONS This model can assist in studying the differences in alveolar bone resorption in different implants and their effect on the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Varon-Shahar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ariel Shusterman
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The Hebrew University - Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iezzi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ervin I Weiss
- Dental School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Yael Houri-Haddad
- Acting Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
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Sánchez MC, Ribeiro-Vidal H, Esteban-Fernández A, Bartolomé B, Figuero E, Moreno-Arribas MV, Sanz M, Herrera D. Antimicrobial activity of red wine and oenological extracts against periodontal pathogens in a validated oral biofilm model. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:145. [PMID: 31226983 PMCID: PMC6588849 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research findings support an antimicrobial effect of polyphenols against a variety of pathogens, but there is no evidence of this effect against periodontal pathogens in complex biofilms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of red wine and oenological extracts, rich in polyphenols, against the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Fusobacterium nucleatum and total bacteria growing in an in vitro oral biofilm static model. METHODS A previously validated biofilm model, including Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella parvula, F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans was developed on sterile hydroxyapatite discs. Red wine (and dealcoholized wine), and two polyphenols-rich extracts (from wine and grape seeds) were applied to 72 h biofilms by dipping the discs during 1 and 5 min in the wine solutions and during 30 s and 1 min in the oenological extracts. Resulting biofilms were analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and viable bacteria (colony forming units/mL) were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction combined with propidium monoazide. A generalized linear model was constructed to determine the effect of the tested products on the viable bacterial counts of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, as well on the total number of viable bacteria. RESULTS The results showed that red wine and dealcoholized red wine caused reduction in viability of total bacteria within the biofilm, with statistically significant reductions in the number of viable P. gingivalis after 1 min (p = 0.008) and in A. actinomycetemcomitans after 5 min of exposure (p = 0.011) with red wine. No evidence of relevant antibacterial effect was observed with the oenological extracts, with statistically significant reductions of F. nucleatum after 30 s of exposure to both oenological extracts (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although moderate, the antimicrobial impact observed in the total bacterial counts and counts of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, encourage further investigations on the potential use of these natural products in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María C. Sánchez
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Honorato Ribeiro-Vidal
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Figuero
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialities (DDCS), Faculty of Odontology, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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