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Vinusha KS, Deepika K, Johnson TS, Agrawal GK, Rakwal R. Proteomic studies on lactic acid bacteria: A review. Biochem Biophys Rep 2018; 14:140-148. [PMID: 29872746 PMCID: PMC5986552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are amongst the most common microbes in the gastro-intestinal tract of humans and other animals. Prominent among probiotics are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. They offer wide-ranging health promoting benefits to the host which include reduction in pathological alterations, stimulation of mucosal immunity and interaction with mediators of inflammation among others. Proteomics plays a vital role in understanding biological functions of a cell. Proteomics is also slowly and steadily adding to the existing knowledge on role of probiotics. In this paper, the proteomics of probiotics, with special reference to lactic acid bacteria is reviewed with a view to understand i) proteome map, ii) mechanism of adaptation to harsh gut environment such as low pH and bile acid, iii) role of cell surface proteins in adhering to intestinal epithelial cells, and iv) as a tool to answer basic cell functions. We have also reviewed various analytical methods used to carry out proteome analysis, in which 2D-MS and LC-MS/MS approaches were found to be versatile methods to perform high-throughput sample analyses even for a complex gut samples. Further, we present future road map of understanding gut microbes combining meta-proteomics, meta-genomics, meta-transcriptomics and -metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sri Vinusha
- Department of Biotechnology, K. L. E. F. deemed University, Guntur District, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
| | - K Deepika
- Department of Biotechnology, K. L. E. F. deemed University, Guntur District, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
| | - T Sudhakar Johnson
- Department of Biotechnology, K. L. E. F. deemed University, Guntur District, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh 522502, India
| | - Ganesh K Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO Box 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal.,GRADE Academy Private Limited, Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO Box 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal.,GRADE Academy Private Limited, Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal.,Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.,Global Research Center for Innovative Life Science, Peptide Drug Innovation, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 4-41 Ebara 2-chome, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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Shotgun Metagenomics and Volatilome Profile of the Microbiota of Fermented Sausages. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.02120-17. [PMID: 29196291 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02120-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the microbial gene content and abundance can be analyzed to detect shifts in the microbiota composition due to the use of a starter culture in the food fermentation process, with the consequent shift of key metabolic pathways directly connected with product acceptance. Meat fermentation is a complex process involving microbes that metabolize the main components in meat. The breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids can lead to the formation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can drastically affect the organoleptic characteristics of the final products. The present meta-analysis, performed with the shotgun DNA metagenomic approach, focuses on studying the microbiota and its gene content in an Italian fermented sausage produced by using a commercial starter culture (a mix of Lactobacillus sakei and Staphylococcus xylosus), with the aim to discover the connections between the microbiota, microbiome, and the release of volatile metabolites during ripening. The inoculated fermentation with the starter culture limited the development of Enterobacteriaceae and reduced the microbial diversity compared to that from spontaneous fermentation. KEGG database genes associated with the reduction of acetaldehyde to ethanol (EC 1.1.1.1), acetyl phosphate to acetate (EC 2.7.2.1), and 2,3-butanediol to acetoin (EC 1.1.1.4) were most abundant in inoculated samples (I) compared to those in spontaneous fermentation samples (S). The volatilome profiles were highly consistent with the abundance of the genes; elevated acetic acid (1,173.85 μg/kg), ethyl acetate (251.58 μg/kg), and acetoin (1,100.19 μg/kg) were observed in the presence of the starters at the end of fermentation. Significant differences were found in the liking of samples based on flavor and odor, suggesting a higher preference by consumers for the spontaneous fermentation samples. Inoculated samples exhibited the lowest scores for the liking data, which were clearly associated with the highest concentration of acetic acid.IMPORTANCE We present an advance in the understanding of meat fermentation by coupling DNA sequencing metagenomics and metabolomics approaches to describe the microbial function during this process. Very few studies using this global approach have been dedicated to food, and none have examined sausage fermentation, underlying the originality of the study. The starter culture drastically affected the organoleptic properties of the products. This finding underlines the importance of starter culture selection that takes into consideration the functional characteristics of the microorganism to optimize production efficiency and product quality.
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Proteomic analysis of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri CRL1098 reveals novel tolerance biomarkers to bile acid-induced stress. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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5
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Olguín N, Champomier-Vergès M, Anglade P, Baraige F, Cordero-Otero R, Bordons A, Zagorec M, Reguant C. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Oenococcus oeni PSU-1 response to ethanol shock. Food Microbiol 2015; 51:87-95. [PMID: 26187832 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The correct development of malolactic fermentation depends on the capacity of Oenococcus oeni to survive under harsh wine conditions. The presence of ethanol is one of the most stressful factors affecting O. oeni performance. In this study, the effect of ethanol addition (12% vol/vol) on O. oeni PSU-1 has been evaluated using a transcriptomic and proteomic approach. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the main functional categories of the genes affected by ethanol were metabolite transport and cell wall and membrane biogenesis. It was also observed that some genes were over-expressed in response to ethanol stress (for example, the heat shock protein Hsp20 and a dipeptidase). Proteomic analysis showed that several proteins are affected by the presence of ethanol. Functions related to protein synthesis and stability are the main target of ethanol damage. In some cases the decrease in protein concentration could be due to the relocation of cytosolic proteins in the membrane, as a protective mechanism. The omic approach used to study the response of O. oeni to ethanol highlights the importance of the cell membrane in the global stress response and opens the door to future studies on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nair Olguín
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Anglade
- Unité MICALIS (UMR1319) équipe FLEC, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Fabienne Baraige
- Unité MICALIS (UMR1319) équipe FLEC, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ricardo Cordero-Otero
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Bordons
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Monique Zagorec
- Unité MICALIS (UMR1319) équipe FLEC, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Cristina Reguant
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Facultat d'Enologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/ Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Xu HQ, Gao L, Jiang YS, Tian Y, Peng J, Xa QQ, Chen Y. Transcriptome response ofLactobacillus sakeito meat protein environment. J Basic Microbiol 2014; 55:490-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201400540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-qing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Lu Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yun-shen Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jin Peng
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qi-quan Xa
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Lin CH, Su SC, Ho KH, Hsu YW, Lee KR. Bactericidal effect of sulbactam against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 studied by 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2014; 44:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Li Y, Rao N, Yang F, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu HM, Guo F, Huang J. Biocomputional construction of a gene network under acid stress in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Res Microbiol 2014; 165:420-8. [PMID: 24787285 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acid stress is one of the most serious threats that cyanobacteria have to face, and it has an impact at all levels from genome to phenotype. However, very little is known about the detailed response mechanism to acid stress in this species. We present here a general analysis of the gene regulatory network of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in response to acid stress using comparative genome analysis and biocomputational prediction. In this study, we collected 85 genes and used them as an initial template to predict new genes through co-regulation, protein-protein interactions and the phylogenetic profile, and 179 new genes were obtained to form a complete template. In addition, we found that 11 enriched pathways such as glycolysis are closely related to the acid stress response. Finally, we constructed a regulatory network for the intricate relationship of these genes and summarize the key steps in response to acid stress. This is the first time a bioinformatic approach has been taken systematically to gene interactions in cyanobacteria and the elaboration of their cell metabolism and regulatory pathways under acid stress, which is more efficient than a traditional experimental study. The results also provide theoretical support for similar research into environmental stresses in cyanobacteria and possible industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Nini Rao
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Han-ming Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengbiao Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Huang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Aires J, Butel MJ. Proteomics, human gut microbiota and probiotics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 8:279-88. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.11.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Hussain MA, Hosseini Nezhad M, Sheng Y, Amoafo O. Proteomics and the stressful life of lactobacilli. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2013; 349:1-8. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Malik A. Hussain
- Department of Wine; Food and Molecular Biosciences; Lincoln University; Lincoln; New Zealand
| | | | - Yu Sheng
- Department of Wine; Food and Molecular Biosciences; Lincoln University; Lincoln; New Zealand
| | - Omega Amoafo
- Department of Wine; Food and Molecular Biosciences; Lincoln University; Lincoln; New Zealand
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Butorac A, Dodig I, Bačun-Družina V, Tishbee A, Mrvčić J, Hock K, Diminić J, Cindrić M. The effect of starvation stress on Lactobacillus brevis L62 protein profile determined by de novo sequencing in positive and negative mass spectrometry ion mode. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:1045-1054. [PMID: 23592208 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE We describe a novel negative chemically activated fragmentation/positive chemically activated fragmentation (CAF-/CAF+) technique for protein identification. The technique was used to investigate Lactobacillus brevis adaptation to nutrient deprivation. METHODS The CAF-/CAF+ method enables de novo sequencing of derivate peptides with negative and positive ion mode matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Peptide sequences obtained from MS/MS spectra were matched against the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) non-redundant (nr) database and confirmed by the mass spectrometry data of elucidated peptide mass sequences derived from the annotated genome. This improved protein identification method highlighted 36 differentially expressed proteins in the proteome of L. brevis after 75 days of starvation. RESULTS The results revealed the key differences in the metabolic pathways that are responsible for the survival of L. brevis in a hostile environment. Proteomics analysis demonstrated that numerous proteins engaged in glucose and amino-acid catabolizing pathways, glycerolipid metabolizing pathways, and stress-response mechanisms are differentially expressed after long-term starvation. Amino acid and proteomics analysis indicated that starved L. brevis metabolized arginine, glycine, and histidine from dead cells as alternative nutrient sources. The production of lactic acid also varied between the parent cells and the starved cells. CONCLUSIONS Differentially expressed proteins identified exclusively by peptide sequence reading provided promising results for CAF-/CAF+ implementation in a standard proteomics workflow (e.g., biomarker and mutation discovery and biotyping). The practical performance of a reliable de novo sequencing technique in routine proteomics analysis is emphasized in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Butorac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Sinz Q, Freiding S, Vogel RF, Schwab W. A hydrolase from Lactobacillus sakei moonlights as a transaminase. Appl Environ Microbiol 2013; 79:2284-93. [PMID: 23354716 PMCID: PMC3623254 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03762-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic transamination of amino acids yields α-keto acids and is the initial step for the production of volatile compounds that contribute to the sensory perception of fermented foods such as salami. Lactobacillus sakei is one of the lactic acid bacterial strains commonly used in starter cultures. Although the genome sequence of L. sakei 23K lacks genes encoding typical branched-chain amino acid transaminases, transamination activity and the formation of amino acid-derived volatile metabolites could be demonstrated. A protein purified from L. sakei is held responsible for the transamination activity. By heterologous expression of the corresponding gene in Escherichia coli, we were able to characterize the transamination side activity of an enzyme annotated as a putative acylphosphatase (AcP). A transamination side activity of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) was also discovered. Both enzymes showed substrate specificity toward branched-chain and aromatic amino acids. AcP also accepted l-methionine. Activity was optimal at neutral pH for both enzymes, whereas AcP showed a significantly higher temperature optimum (55°C) than that of HEWL (37°C). Kinetic parameters revealed high affinity toward l-leucine for AcP (K(m) = 1.85 mM) and toward l-isoleucine for HEWL (K(m) = 3.79 mM). AcP seems to play a major role in the metabolism of amino acids in L. sakei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirin Sinz
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Simone Freiding
- Technical Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Rudi F. Vogel
- Technical Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
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Mrvčić J, Butorac A, Solić E, Stanzer D, Bačun-Družina V, Cindrić M, Stehlik-Tomas V. Characterization of Lactobacillus brevis L62 strain, highly tolerant to copper ions. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 29:75-85. [PMID: 22927032 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as starter culture in food industry must be suitable for large-scale industrial production and possess the ability to survive in unfavorable processes and storage conditions. Approaches taken to address these problems include the selection of stress-resistant strains. In food industry, LAB are often exposed to metal ions induced stress. The interactions between LAB and metal ions are very poorly investigated. Because of that, the influence of non-toxic, toxic and antioxidant metal ions (Zn, Cu, and Mn) on growth, acid production, metal ions binding capacity of wild and adapted species of Leuconostoc mesenteroides L3, Lactobacillus brevis L62 and Lactobacillus plantarum L73 were investigated. The proteomic approach was applied to clarify how the LAB cells, especially the adapted ones, protect themselves and tolerate high concentrations of toxic metal ions. Results have shown that Zn and Mn addition into MRS medium in the investigated concentrations did not have effect on the bacterial growth and acid production, while copper ions were highly toxic, especially in static conditions. Leuc. mesenteroides L3 was the most efficient in Zn binding processes among the chosen LAB species, while L. plantarum L73 accumulated the highest concentration of Mn. L. brevis L62 was the most copper resistant species. Adaptation had a positive effect on growth and acid production of all species in the presence of copper. However, the adapted species incorporated less metal ions than the wild species. The exception was adapted L. brevis L62 that accumulated high concentration of copper ions in static conditions. The obtained results showed that L. brevis L62 is highly tolerant to copper ions, which allows its use as starter culture in fermentative processes in media with high concentration of copper ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasna Mrvčić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Laboratory for Fermentation and Yeast Technology, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Roncada P, Piras C, Soggiu A, Turk R, Urbani A, Bonizzi L. Farm animal milk proteomics. J Proteomics 2012; 75:4259-74. [PMID: 22641156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Milk is one of the most important nutrients for humans during lifetime. Farm animal milk in all its products like cheese and other fermentation and transformation products is a widespread nutrient for the entire life of humans. Proteins are key molecules of the milk functional component repertoire and their investigation represents a major challenge. Proteins in milk, such as caseins, contribute to the formation of micelles that are different from species to species in dimension and casein-type composition; they are an integral part of the MFGM (Milk Fat Globule Membrane) that has being exhaustively studied in recent years. Milk proteins can act as enzymes or have an antimicrobial activity; they could act as hormones and, last but not least, they have a latent physiological activity encoded in their primary structure that turns active when the protein is cleaved by fermentation or digestion processes. In this review we report the last progress in proteomics, peptidomics and bioinformatics. These new approaches allow us to better characterize the milk proteome of farm animal species, to highlight specific PTMs, the peptidomic profile and even to predict the potential nutraceutical properties of the analyzed proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Roncada
- Istituto Sperimentale Italiano L. Spallanzani, Milano, Italy.
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Majumder A, Sultan A, Jersie-Christensen RR, Ejby M, Schmidt BG, Lahtinen SJ, Jacobsen S, Svensson B. Proteome reference map of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and quantitative proteomics towards understanding the prebiotic action of lactitol. Proteomics 2011; 11:3470-81. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Iqbal S, Nguyen TH, Nguyen HA, Nguyen TT, Maischberger T, Kittl R, Haltrich D. Characterization of a heterodimeric GH2 β-galactosidase from Lactobacillus sakei Lb790 and formation of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:3803-3811. [PMID: 21405014 DOI: 10.1021/jf103832q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The lacLM genes from Lactobacillus sakei Lb790, encoding a heterodimeric β-galactosidase that belongs to glycoside hydrolase family GH2, were cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli . Subsequently, the recombinant β-galactosidase LacLM was purified to apparent homogeneity and characterized. The enzyme is a β-galactosidase with narrow substrate specificity because o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (oNPG) was efficiently hydrolyzed, whereas various structurally related oNP analogues were not. The K(m) and k(cat) values for oNPG and lactose were 0.6 mM and 180 s(-1) and 20 mM and 43 s(-1), respectively. The enzyme is inhibited competitively by its two end-products D-galactose and D-glucose (K(i) values of 180 and 475 mM, respectively). As judged by the ratio of the inhibition constant to the Michaelis constant, K(i)/K(m), this inhibition is only very moderate and much less pronounced than for other microbial β-galactosidases. β-Galactosidase from L. sakei possesses high transgalactosylation activity and was used for the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (GalOS), employing lactose at a concentration of 215 g/L. The maximum GalOS yield was 41% (w/w) of total sugars at 77% lactose conversion and contained mainly non-lactose disaccharides, trisaccharides, and tetrasaccharides with approximately 38, 57, and 5% of total GalOS formed, respectively. The enzyme showed a strong preference for the formation of β-(1→6)-linked transgalactosylation products, whereas β-(1→3)-linked compounds were formed to a lesser extent and β-(1→4)-linked reaction products could not be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Iqbal
- Food Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Technology, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Adaptation to cold and proteomic responses of the psychrotrophic biopreservative Lactococcus piscium strain CNCM I-4031. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:8011-8. [PMID: 20935127 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01331-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the use of psychrotrophic bacteria for food biopreservation and in the understanding of cold adaptation mechanisms. The psychrotrophic biopreservative Lactococcus piscium strain CNCM I-4031 was studied for its growth behavior and proteomic responses after cold shock and during cold acclimation. Growth kinetics highlighted the absence of growth latency after cold shock, suggesting a very high promptness in cold adaptation, a behavior that has never been described before for lactic acid bacteria (LAB). A comparative proteomic analysis was applied with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and upregulated proteins were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Both cold shock and cold acclimation triggered the upregulation of proteins involved in general and oxidative stress responses and fatty acid and energetic metabolism. However, 2-DE profiles and upregulated proteins were different under both conditions, suggesting a sequence of steps in cold adaptation. In addition, the major 7-kDa Csp protein was identified in the L. piscium CNCM I-4031 genome but was not cold regulated. The implication of the identified cold shock proteins and cold acclimation proteins in efficient cold adaptation, the possible regulation of a histidyl phosphocarrier protein, and the roles of a constitutive major 7-kDa Csp are discussed.
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Fadda S, López C, Vignolo G. Role of lactic acid bacteria during meat conditioning and fermentation: Peptides generated as sensorial and hygienic biomarkers. Meat Sci 2010; 86:66-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Proteomic analyses to reveal the protective role of glutathione in resistance of Lactococcus lactis to osmotic stress. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:3177-86. [PMID: 20348298 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02942-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that glutathione can protect Lactococcus lactis against oxidative stress and acid stress. In this study, we show that glutathione taken up by L. lactis SK11 can protect this organism against osmotic stress. When exposed to 5 M NaCl, L. lactis SK11 cells containing glutathione exhibited significantly improved survival compared to the control cells. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the integrity of L. lactis SK11 cells containing glutathione was maintained for at least 24 h, whereas autolysis of the control cells occurred within 2 h after exposure to this osmotic stress. Comparative proteomic analyses using SK11 cells containing or not containing glutathione that were exposed or not exposed to osmotic stress were performed. The results revealed that 21 of 29 differentially expressed proteins are involved in metabolic pathways, mainly sugar metabolism. Several glycolytic enzymes of L. lactis were significantly upregulated in the presence of glutathione, which might be the key for improving the general stress resistance of a strain. Together with the results of previous studies, the results of this study demonstrated that glutathione plays important roles in protecting L. lactis against multiple environmental stresses; thus, glutathione can be considered a general protectant for improving the robustness and stability of dairy starter cultures.
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Forouhande H, Vahed SZ, Hejazi M, Nahaei M, Dibavar MA. Isolation and Phenotypic Characterization of Lactobacillus Species from
Various Dairy Products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/crb.2010.84.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gagnaire V, Jardin J, Jan G, Lortal S. Invited review: Proteomics of milk and bacteria used in fermented dairy products: From qualitative to quantitative advances. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:811-25. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Izquierdo E, Horvatovich P, Marchioni E, Aoude-Werner D, Sanz Y, Ennahar S. 2-DE and MS analysis of key proteins in the adhesion ofLactobacillus plantarum, a first step toward early selection of probiotics based on bacterial biomarkers. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:949-56. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Pastink MI, Sieuwerts S, de Bok FA, Janssen PW, Teusink B, van Hylckama Vlieg JE, Hugenholtz J. Genomics and high-throughput screening approaches for optimal flavour production in dairy fermentation. Int Dairy J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Developments in cheese microbiology in New Zealand—Use of starter and non-starter lactic acid bacteria and their enzymes in determining flavour. Int Dairy J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2008.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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de Graaf AA, Venema K. Gaining insight into microbial physiology in the large intestine: a special role for stable isotopes. Adv Microb Physiol 2007; 53:73-168. [PMID: 17707144 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2911(07)53002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The importance of the human large intestine for nutrition, health, and disease, is becoming increasingly realized. There are numerous indications of a distinct role for the gut in such important issues as immune disorders and obesity-linked diseases. Research on this long-neglected organ, which is colonized by a myriad of bacteria, is a rapidly growing field that is currently providing fascinating new insights into the processes going on in the colon, and their relevance for the human host. This review aims to give an overview of studies dealing with the physiology of the intestinal microbiota as it functions within and in interaction with the host, with a special focus on approaches involving stable isotopes. We have included general aspects of gut microbial life as well as aspects specifically relating to genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies. A special emphasis is further laid on reviewing relevant methods and applications of stable isotope-aided metabolic flux analysis (MFA). We argue that linking MFA with the '-omics' technologies using innovative modeling approaches is the way to go to establish a truly integrative and interdisciplinary approach. Systems biology thus actualized will provide key insights into the metabolic regulations involved in microbe-host mutualism and their relevance for health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert A de Graaf
- Wageningen Center for Food Sciences, PO Box 557, 6700 AN Wageningen, The Netherlands
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26
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Bossi A, Rinalducci S, Zolla L, Antonioli P, Righetti PG, Zapparoli G. Effect of tannic acid on Lactobacillus hilgardii analysed by a proteomic approach. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 102:787-95. [PMID: 17309629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2006.03118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A contribution towards the elucidation of the mechanisms of tannins on bacteria growth inhibition, with particular focus on the interaction between tannins and bacterial proteins. METHODS AND RESULTS The interaction between tannic acid (TA) and Lactobacillus hilgardii, a wine spoilage bacterium, was investigated by a combination of physiologic and proteomic approaches. Growing tests were performed on medium supplemented with TA at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 mg l(-1) demonstrating the inhibitory effect of TA on the growth rate. Total proteins extracted from cells unexposed and exposed to TA were then analysed by 2D-electrophoresis and significant quantitative variations with a marked decrease of protein intensity upon TA exposure were observed. Most of the proteins, identified by ESI tandem Mass Spectrometry, were metabolic enzymes of different pathways, located in cytoplasm and membrane. CONCLUSIONS The effects of TA on cells are deduced by the involvement of metabolic enzymes, and functional proteins on the tannin-protein interaction. These results might be related to the altered functions of the cell metabolism. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The possible role of tannins in the inhibition of the bacterial survival and growth in a natural environment such as wine. A similar approach could be applied for evaluating the effects of tannins on food borne and pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bossi
- Department of Agricultural and Industrial Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Jofré A, Champomier-Vergès M, Anglade P, Baraige F, Martín B, Garriga M, Zagorec M, Aymerich T. Protein synthesis in lactic acid and pathogenic bacteria during recovery from a high pressure treatment. Res Microbiol 2007; 158:512-20. [PMID: 17631981 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Revised: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 05/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recovery of injured bacteria after high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment is a key point in food safety. In this study, protein synthesis during the recovery of meat environment bacteria Listeria monocytogenes CTC1011, Lactobacillus sakei 23K, L. sakei CTC494, Enterococcus faecalis CTC6365 and Enterococcus faecium CTC6375 after a 400 MPa HHP treatment was analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting. After 2 h recovery from HHP treatment, the four species induced transcription factors and proteins related to protein synthesis or fate and enzymes from energy metabolism. However, several stress proteins were specifically induced in the two L. sakei strains. Proteins from the general metabolism predominated in E. faecalis and E. faecium, and stress proteins and proteases predominated in L. monocytogenes. Thus, each species induced a different number of proteins and displayed a specific response which may reflect its specific fitness status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jofré
- IRTA, Food Technology, Finca Camps i Armet, E-17121 Monells, Spain
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28
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Cañas B, Piñeiro C, Calvo E, López-Ferrer D, Gallardo JM. Trends in sample preparation for classical and second generation proteomics. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1153:235-58. [PMID: 17276441 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 12/18/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation is a fundamental step in the proteomics workflow. However, it is not easy to find compiled information updating this subject. In this paper, the strategies and protocols for protein extraction and identification, following either classical or second generation proteomics methodologies, are reviewed. Procedures for: tissue disruption, cell lysis, sample pre-fractionation, protein separation by 2-DE, protein digestion, mass spectrometry analysis, multidimensional peptide separations and quantification of protein expression level are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Cañas
- Dept. Química Analítica, Facultad de CC, Químicas, UCM, Av.Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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29
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Sawatari Y, Yokota A. Diversity and mechanisms of alkali tolerance in lactobacilli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2007; 73:3909-15. [PMID: 17449704 PMCID: PMC1932741 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02834-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the maximum pH that allows growth (pHmax) for 34 strains of lactobacilli. High alkali tolerance was exhibited by strains of Lactobacillus casei, L. paracasei subsp. tolerans, L. paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. curvatus, L. pentosus, and L. plantarum that originated from plant material, with pHmax values between 8.5 and 8.9. Among these, L. casei NRIC 1917 and L. paracasei subsp. tolerans NRIC 1940 showed the highest pHmax, at 8.9. Digestive tract isolates of L. gasseri, L. johnsonii, L. reuteri, L. salivarius subsp. salicinius, and L. salivarius subsp. salivarius exhibited moderate alkali tolerance, with pHmax values between 8.1 and 8.5. Dairy isolates of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis, and L. helveticus exhibited no alkali tolerance, with pHmax values between 6.7 and 7.1. Measurement of the internal pH of representative strains revealed the formation of transmembrane proton gradients (DeltapH) in a reversed direction (i.e., acidic interior) at alkaline external-pH ranges, regardless of their degrees of alkali tolerance. Thus, the reversed DeltapH did not determine alkali tolerance diversity. However, the DeltapH contributed to alkali tolerance, as the pHmax values of several strains decreased with the addition of nigericin, which dissipates DeltapH. Although neutral external-pH values resulted in the highest glycolysis activity in the presence of nigericin regardless of alkali tolerance, substantial glucose utilization was still detected in the alkali-tolerant strains, even in a pH range of between 8.0 and 8.5, at which the remaining strains lost most activity. Therefore, the alkali tolerance of glycolysis reactions contributes greatly to the determination of alkali tolerance diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sawatari
- Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan
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30
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Kang SH, Shin GW, Palaksha KJ, Shin YS, Kim YR, Lee EY, Suh EH, Huh NE, Oh MJ, Jung TS. Efficacy of protein A-HRP in an immunological study of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli Higendorf) humoral immune responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 20:295-304. [PMID: 16043366 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2005.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2005] [Revised: 04/25/2005] [Accepted: 05/09/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of protein A-horse radish peroxidase (HRP), as compared to that of mouse polyclonal antibody raised against purified Ig, in detection of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli Higendorf) immunoglobulin (Ig) was examined. Protein A affinity chromatography successfully purified Ig from black rockfish serum; the purified-Ig could be visualised as two protein bands (MW 70 and 25kDa) following resolution with sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under reducing conditions. In SDS-PAGE immunoblot profiles of the purified-Ig, the mouse polyclonal antibody recognised both the light chain and heavy chains of rockfish Ig, whereas protein A-HRP immunostained only the heavy chain of rockfish Ig. These results suggest that protein A-HRP may be used to detect rockfish antibody-antigen complexes in immunoassays. In a 2-DE immunoblot assay for exploring antigenic profiles of Lactococcus garvieae KG9408, protein A-HRP successfully detected specific antibodies to antigenic proteins of L. garvieae in the rockfish Ig. In addition, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) showed a high correlation between the results obtained for positivity of L. garvieae when protein A-HRP and the mouse polyclonal antibody-was used to analyse samples from 25 diseased rockfish. These results collectively indicate that protein A-HRP has a high affinity for Ig, and may be useful for new investigations into the humoral immune responses of rockfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Kang
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea
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31
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Amrouche T, Boutin Y, Fliss I. Effects of bifidobacterial cytoplasm peptide and protein fractions on mouse lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100600565895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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32
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Gitton C, Meyrand M, Wang J, Caron C, Trubuil A, Guillot A, Mistou MY. Proteomic signature of Lactococcus lactis NCDO763 cultivated in milk. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71:7152-63. [PMID: 16269754 PMCID: PMC1287624 DOI: 10.1128/aem.71.11.7152-7163.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have compared the proteomic profiles of L. lactis subsp. cremoris NCDO763 growing in the synthetic medium M17Lac, skim milk microfiltrate (SMM), and skim milk. SMM was used as a simple model medium to reproduce the initial phase of growth of L. lactis in milk. To widen the analysis of the cytoplasmic proteome, we used two different gel systems (pH ranges of 4 to 7 and 4.5 to 5.5), and the proteins associated with the cell envelopes were also studied by two-dimensional electrophoresis. In the course of the study, we analyzed about 800 spots and identified 330 proteins by mass spectrometry. We observed that the levels of more than 50 and 30 proteins were significantly increased upon growth in SMM and milk, respectively. The large redeployment of protein synthesis was essentially associated with an activation of pathways involved in the metabolism of nitrogenous compounds: peptidolytic and peptide transport systems, amino acid biosynthesis and interconversion, and de novo biosynthesis of purines. We also showed that enzymes involved in reactions feeding the purine biosynthetic pathway in one-carbon units and amino acids have an increased level in SMM and milk. The analysis of the proteomic data suggested that the glutamine synthetase (GS) would play a pivotal role in the adaptation to SMM and milk. The analysis of glnA expression during growth in milk and the construction of a glnA-defective mutant confirmed that GS is an essential enzyme for the development of L. lactis in dairy media. This analysis thus provides a proteomic signature of L. lactis, a model lactic acid bacterium, growing in its technological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Gitton
- Unité Biochimie et Structure des Protéines, INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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33
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Sánchez B, Champomier-Vergès MC, Anglade P, Baraige F, de Los Reyes-Gavilán CG, Margolles A, Zagorec M. Proteomic analysis of global changes in protein expression during bile salt exposure of Bifidobacterium longum NCIMB 8809. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:5799-808. [PMID: 16077128 PMCID: PMC1196055 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.16.5799-5808.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to and tolerance of bile stress are among the main limiting factors to ensure survival of bifidobacteria in the intestinal environment of humans. The effect of bile salts on protein expression patterns of Bifidobacterium longum was examined. Protein pattern comparison of strains grown with or without bile extract allowed us to identify 34 different proteins whose expression was regulated. The majority of these proteins were induced after both a minor (0.6 g liter(-1)) and a major (1.2 g liter(-1)) exposure to bile. These include general stress response chaperones, proteins involved in transcription and translation and in the metabolism of amino acids and nucleotides, and several enzymes of glycolysis and pyruvate catabolism. Remarkably, xylulose 5-phosphate/fructose 6-phosphate phosphoketolase, the key enzyme of the so-called bifidobacterial shunt, was found to be upregulated, and the activity on fructose 6-phosphate was significantly higher for protein extracts of cells grown in the presence of bile. Changes in the levels of metabolic end products (acetate and lactate) were also detected. These results suggest that bile salts, to which bifidobacteria are naturally exposed, induce a complex physiological response rather than a single event in which proteins from many different functional categories take part. This study has extended our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the capacity of intestinal bifidobacteria to tolerate bile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Sánchez
- Unité Flore Lactique et Environnement Carné, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Kok J, Buist G, Zomer AL, van Hijum SA, Kuipers OP. Comparative and functional genomics of lactococci. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmrre.2005.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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35
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Pessione E, Mazzoli R, Giuffrida MG, Lamberti C, Garcia-Moruno E, Barello C, Conti A, Giunta C. A proteomic approach to studying biogenic amine producing lactic acid bacteria. Proteomics 2005; 5:687-98. [PMID: 15714464 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200401116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
All fermented foods are subject to the risk of biogenic amine contamination. Histamine and tyramine are among the most toxic amines for consumers' health, exerting undesirable effects on the central nervous and vascular systems, but putrescine and cadaverine can also compromise the organoleptic properties of contaminated foods. These compounds are produced by fermenting microbial flora that decarboxylate amino acids to amines. Little is known of the factors which induce biosynthesis of decarboxylating enzymes and/or which modulate their catalytic activity: the accumulation of amines is generally considered to be a mechanism that contrasts an acidic environment and/or that produces metabolic energy through coupling amino acid decarboxylation with electrogenic amino acid/amine antiporters. Two Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus sp. 30a (ATCC 33222), and a Lactobacillus sp. strain (w53) isolated from amine-contaminated wine, carrying genetic determinants for histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), were studied and the influence of some environmental and nutritional parameters on amine production and protein biosynthesis was analyzed through a proteomic approach; this is the first report of a proteomic analysis of amine-producing bacteria. HDC and ODC biosynthesis were shown to be closely dependent on the presence of high concentrations of free amino acids in the growth medium and to be modulated by the growth phase. The stationary phase and high amounts of free amino acids also strongly induced the biosynthesis of an oligopeptide transport protein belonging to the proteolytic system of Lactic Acid Bacteria. At least two isoforms of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, with different M(r), pI and expression profiles, were identified from Lactobacillus sp. w53: the biosynthesis of one isoform, in particular, is apparently repressed by high concentrations of free amino acids. Other proteins were identified from the Lactobacillus proteome, affording a global knowledge of protein biosynthesis modulation during biogenic amine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Pessione
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell'Uomo, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy.
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36
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Redon E, Loubiere P, Cocaign-Bousquet M. Transcriptome analysis of the progressive adaptation of Lactococcus lactis to carbon starvation. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:3589-92. [PMID: 15866950 PMCID: PMC1111995 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.10.3589-3592.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of Lactococcus lactis towards progressive carbon starvation is mediated by three different types of transcriptomic responses: (i) global responses, i.e., general decreases of functions linked to bacterial growth and lack of induction of the general stress response; (ii) specific responses functionally related to glucose exhaustion, i.e., underexpression of central metabolism genes, induction of alternative sugar transport and metabolism, and induction of the arginine deiminase pathway; and (iii) other responses never described previously during carbon starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Redon
- Laboratoire Biotechnologie-Bioprocédés, UMR 5504 INSA/CNRS and UMR792 INSA/INRA, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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37
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38
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Vitali B, Wasinger V, Brigidi P, Guilhaus M. A proteomic view ofBifidobacterium infantis generated by multi-dimensional chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Proteomics 2005; 5:1859-67. [PMID: 15619299 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200401080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bifidobacteria are Gram-positive prokaryotes that naturally colonize the human gut where they exert several health-promoting effects. The present paper reports the use of a strong cation exchange-reversed-phase-tandem mass spectrometry strategy to catalogue the most abundantly expressed proteins of a probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis strain. A global view of the B. infantis proteome was obtained. The bimodal representation of the proteins identified by mass spectrometry provides the first theoretical two-dimensional map of protein distribution for this organism. Among the 136 proteins identified by multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT) analysis, 118 showed the highest similarity with the translated sequences of B. longum genome, two proteins were similar to other Bifidobacterium species and the remaining 16 were similar to different genera. Specific biological activities have been assigned to 115 identified proteins, whereas 21 have been referred to the group of hypothetical proteins. The MudPIT approach allowed us to identify high mass and basic isoelectric point proteins that are generally challenging to visualize using the traditional two-dimensional electrophoresis technique. Redundancy in peptide and protein identification using the double chromatography technique was also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Vitali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy.
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39
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Denou E, Thammavongs B, Gueguen M, Panoff JM. Interspecies Protection against Freezing Stress within a Food Microbial Community. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1089/cpt.2005.3.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Denou
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire (EA 3213), IBFA, Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
- Present address: Emmanuel Denou, Nestlé Research Center, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Bouachanh Thammavongs
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire (EA 3213), IBFA, Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Micheline Gueguen
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire (EA 3213), IBFA, Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Michel Panoff
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire (EA 3213), IBFA, Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14032 Caen Cedex, France
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40
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Hanniffy S, Wiedermann U, Repa A, Mercenier A, Daniel C, Fioramonti J, Tlaskolova H, Kozakova H, Israelsen H, Madsen S, Vrang A, Hols P, Delcour J, Bron P, Kleerebezem M, Wells J. Potential and opportunities for use of recombinant lactic acid bacteria in human health. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2005; 56:1-64. [PMID: 15566975 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(04)56001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Hanniffy
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UA, United Kingdom
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Marceau A, Zagorec M, Chaillou S, Méra T, Champomier-Vergès MC. Evidence for involvement of at least six proteins in adaptation of Lactobacillus sakei to cold temperatures and addition of NaCl. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:7260-8. [PMID: 15574925 PMCID: PMC535173 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.12.7260-7268.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2004] [Accepted: 07/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus sakei is a lactic acid bacterium widely represented in the natural flora of fresh meat. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in protein expression during environmental changes encountered during technological processes in which L. sakei is involved in order to gain insight into the ability of this species to grow and survive in such environments. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis, we observed significant variation of a set of 21 proteins in cells grown at 4 degrees C or in the presence of 4% NaCl. Six proteins could be identified by determination of their N-terminal sequences, and the corresponding gene clusters were studied. Two proteins belong to carbon metabolic pathways, and four can be clustered as general stress proteins. A phenotype was observed at low temperature for five of the six mutants constructed for these genes. The survival of four mutants during stationary phase at 4 degrees C was affected, and surprisingly, one mutant showed enhanced survival during stationary phase at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Marceau
- Unité Flore Lactique et Environnement Carné, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy en Josas, France
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Siezen RJ, van Enckevort FHJ, Kleerebezem M, Teusink B. Genome data mining of lactic acid bacteria: the impact of bioinformatics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2004; 15:105-15. [PMID: 15081047 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2004.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been widely used in food fermentations and, more recently, as probiotics in health-promoting food products. Genome sequencing and functional genomics studies of a variety of LAB are now rapidly providing insights into their diversity and evolution and revealing the molecular basis for important traits such as flavor formation, sugar metabolism, stress response, adaptation and interactions. Bioinformatics plays a key role in handling, integrating and analyzing the flood of 'omics' data being generated. Reconstruction of metabolic potential using bioinformatics tools and databases, followed by targeted experimental verification and exploration of the metabolic and regulatory network properties, are the present challenges that should lead to improved exploitation of these versatile food bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland J Siezen
- Wageningen Center for Food Sciences, PO Box 557, 6700AN, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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