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TatahMentan M, Nyachoti S, Godebo TR. Elemental composition of toxic and essential elements in rice-based baby foods from the United States and other countries: A probabilistic risk analysis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114677. [PMID: 38641042 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of rice-based foods provides essential nutrients required for infants and toddlers' growth. However, they could contain toxic and excess essential elements that may affect human health. The study aims to determine the composition of rice-based baby foods in the USA and outside and conduct a multiple-life stages probabilistic exposure and risk assessment of toxic and essential elements in children. Elemental concentrations were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) in thirty-three rice-based baby foods. This includes 2 infant formulas, 11 rice baby cereals, and 20 rice snacks produced primarily in the United States, China, and other countries. A probabilistic risk assessment was conducted to assess risks of adverse health effects. Results showed that infant formula had higher median concentrations of selenium (Se), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and potassium (K) compared to rice baby cereal and rice snacks. On the contrary, rice snacks had the highest median concentration of Arsenic (As) (127 μg/kg) while rice baby cereals showed the highest median concentration of Cd (7 μg/kg). A higher lifetime estimated daily intake was observed for samples manufactured in the USA compared to those from China and other countries. Hazard quotient (HQ < 1) values were suggestive of minimal adverse health effects. However, lifetime carcinogenic risk analysis based on total As indicated an unacceptable cancer risk (>1E-04). These findings show a need for ongoing monitoring of rice-based foods consumed by infants and toddlers as supplementary and substitutes for breast milk or weaning food options. This can be useful in risk reduction and mitigation of early life exposure to improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mom TatahMentan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Syprose Nyachoti
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Tewodros Rango Godebo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Wallingford JK, de Pee S, Herforth AW, Kuri S, Bai Y, Masters WA. Measuring food access using least-cost diets: Results for global monitoring and targeting of interventions to improve food security, nutrition and health. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2024; 41:100771. [PMID: 38957380 PMCID: PMC11215514 DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2024.100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Benchmark diets using the most affordable locally available items to meet health and nutrition needs have long been used to guide food choice and nutrition assistance. This paper describes the result of recent innovations scaling up the use of such least-cost diets by UN agencies, the World Bank, and national governments for a different purpose, which is monitoring food environments and targeting systemic interventions to improve a population's access to sufficient food for an active and healthy life. Measuring food access using least-cost diets allows a clearer understanding of where poor diets are caused by unavailability or high prices for even the lowest-cost healthy foods, insufficient income or other resources to acquire those foods, or the use of other foods instead due to reasons such as time use and meal preparation costs, or cultural factors such as taste and aspirations. This paper reviews the data, methods and results that have led to official FAO and the World Bank adoption of cost and affordability metrics for global monitoring, and the parallel use of similar methods to guide interventions in country studies led by the World Food Programme with partner agencies across Africa, Asia and Latin America. We conclude by summarizing how increasing availability of food price data, matched to food composition and dietary requirements, allows analysts to use recently developed software tools for least-cost diet assessment to improve food access in a wide range of settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saskia de Pee
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston MA, USA
- United Nations World Food Programme, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna W. Herforth
- Food Prices for Nutrition Project, Tufts University, Boston MA, USA
| | - Sabrina Kuri
- United Nations World Food Programme, Rome, Italy
| | - Yan Bai
- Development Data Group, The World Bank, Washington DC, USA
| | - William A. Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston MA, USA
- Department of Economics, Tufts University, Medford MA, USA
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3
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Abdelmenan S, Berhane HY, Turner C, Worku A, Selling K, Ekström EC, Berhane Y. Perception of affordable diet is associated with pre-school children's diet diversity in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: the EAT Addis survey. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:47. [PMID: 38449007 PMCID: PMC10916157 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00859-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite improvements in food access and nutrition security over the last few decades, malnutrition remains a major public health problem. One of the significant contributors to these problems is affordability of nutritious food. This study aimed to examine the association between perceived food affordability and pre-school children's diet diversity in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 2017 to 18 were used for the analysis. A 24-hour dietary recall assessment was done to assess children's dietary diversity (DD). We used a modified operational definition of affordability indicator called perceived affordability of dietary diversity (afford-DD) to evaluate the impact of the food environment in terms of affordability at the household level. A sample (n 4,898) of children aged 6-59 months representative of households in Addis Ababa was randomly selected using a multistage sampling procedure including all districts in the city. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used to assess the association between children's DD and afford-DD. RESULTS The survey revealed that the mean (standard deviation [SD]) of children's DD was 3.9 [± 1.4] while the mean [SD] of afford-DD was 4.6 [± 2.1]. Overall, 59.8% of children met the minimum dietary diversity (≥ 4 food groups). White roots and tubers were the most commonly consumed food groups regardless of their affordability. Considerable variations were observed between households that reported the food item affordable and not affordable in consumption of Vitamin A rich vegetables and fruits, meat and fish, egg, and dairy. The children's DD was positively associated with afford-DD after adjusting for maternal education, household wealth status and other relevant confounding. Higher maternal education modified the association between affordability and children's diet diversity. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests higher perceived food affordability was associated with better diet diversity in children. A higher level of maternal education had the potential to mitigate affordability challenges in meeting the children's dietary diversity needs. Our study emphasizes the need for inclusive food programs and nutrition interventions addressing social differences, intensifying efforts to make nutrient-rich diets affordable for the less privileged, and highlights the potential benefits of targeting maternal education in addressing child dietary diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semira Abdelmenan
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Hanna Y Berhane
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition and Behavioral sciences, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Christopher Turner
- Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alemayehu Worku
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Katarina Selling
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva-Charlotte Ekström
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yemane Berhane
- Global Health and Migration Unit, Department of Women's and Children Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Fisberg M, Duarte Batista L, Previdelli AN, Ferrari G, Fisberg RM. Exploring Diet and Nutrient Insufficiencies across Age Groups: Insights from a Population-Based Study of Brazilian Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:750. [PMID: 38474878 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Assessing dietary inadequacies can contribute to understanding the nutritional vulnerabilities of a country. This study aimed to investigate nutrient intakes and micronutrient inadequacies in the Brazilian adult population, with an interest in different age subgroups. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 1812 individuals aged 19 to 65 years from a population-based study with a representative sample of Brazilian adults. Dietary intake was assessed by two 24 h food recalls, and the probabilities of inadequate intake were estimated using the Dietary Reference Intake targets. Adequate macronutrient intake was over 99% for proteins, 84.7% for carbohydrates, and 80.7% for total fats. There was a high probability of inadequacy (above 90%) for vitamins D and E, but vitamin D inadequacy was very similar between the sexes. In contrast, vitamin E was more likely to be inadequately consumed among women. A high probability of inadequacies (above 85%) of calcium and magnesium were found in the population, regardless of age group. Except for iron, the probability of an inadequacy of other minerals increased with age. The results showed a relevant proportion of nutrient inadequacies, with those most at risk being women and older individuals, helping with the better targeting and monitoring of public-health policies that address nutritional problems in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Fisberg
- Centro de Excelência em Nutrição e Dificuldades Alimentares (CENDA), Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setúbal, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo 01227-200, Brazil
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Lais Duarte Batista
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Ferrari
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
| | - Regina Mara Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
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5
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Bai Y, Masters WA. Complex dynamics between food prices, income and dietary quality in sub-Saharan Africa. NATURE FOOD 2024; 5:196-197. [PMID: 38467909 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-024-00943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bai
- School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
- Development Data Group, the World Bank, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Economics, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
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Wang X, Dou Z, Feng S, Zhang Y, Ma L, Zou C, Bai Z, Lakshmanan P, Shi X, Liu D, Zhang W, Deng Y, Zhang W, Chen X, Zhang F, Chen X. Global food nutrients analysis reveals alarming gaps and daunting challenges. NATURE FOOD 2023; 4:1007-1017. [PMID: 37828076 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-023-00851-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Eliminating both overt and hidden hunger is at the core of the global food and nutrition security agenda. Yet, the collective state of nutrition security at the population level is not known. Here we quantify food-based availability of 11 essential nutrients for 156 countries using a food production-consumption-nutrition model, followed by assessment of the nutrient availability status as a ratio of recommended intake. For the baseline year 2017, global per capita availability was adequate for calorie and protein but in severe deficit for vitamin A and calcium (intake ratios, <0.60, where 1.0 is adequate) and moderate deficit for vitamin B12 (intake ratio, 0.76). At the country level, more than half of the 156 countries were in various degrees of deficit for all nine micronutrients. Disparities across regions or countries were enormous. We explore intervention strategies from an agriculture-food system perspective and discuss the daunting challenges of addressing nutrition security broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhong Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxia Dou
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
| | - Shi Feng
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunqin Zou
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Prakash Lakshmanan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dunyi Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Deng
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wushuai Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuanjing Chen
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Webb P, Somers NK, Thilsted SH. Seaweed's contribution to food security in low- and middle-income countries: Benefits from production, processing and trade. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2023.100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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8
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Mendoza-Velázquez A, Guzmán-Rodríguez M, Lara-Arévalo J, Drewnowski A. The Nutrient Rich Food Price Index: a nutrition-relevant adaptation of the Laspeyres price index to track the cost of affordable nutrient density. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1107573. [PMID: 37275634 PMCID: PMC10235757 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1107573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Laspeyres price index is the ratio of the current cost of a market basket of commodities or food groups relative to base period prices. Objective To develop a nutrition-relevant version of the Laspeyres price index, using market baskets based on tertiles of the nutrient rich food (NRF9.3) nutrient density metric. Methods Nutrient composition data for 151 foods from the 2012 Mexico national health and nutrition survey (ENSANUT) were merged with food prices and price indices from the national institute of geography and statistics (INEGI). Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3) was the measure of nutrient density. May 2012 was the base period. Nutrient rich food price index (NRFPI) values were calculated for each tertile of NRF nutrient density scores for each month between June 2011 and March 2022. Results The market basket of foods in the top tertile of NRF nutrient density scores cost more per 100 kcal and had higher NRFPI values compared to foods in the bottom tertile. Higher NRF9.3 scores were correlated with greater monthly inflation. The NRFPI for foods in the top tertile of NRF9.3 scores was marked by seasonal price spikes, and greater volatility compared to foods in the bottom tertile. Conclusion The present adaptation of the Laspeyres Index used market baskets defined by nutrient density tertiles instead of commodity groups. This approach allows for easier tracking of the cost of nutrient dense foods and healthful diets across geographic regions and over time. Applied to Mexico food prices prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic, the NRFPI was sensitive to time trends, seasonality, and price fluctuations. The new tool may be useful in monitoring the rising cost of healthy foods worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Mendoza-Velázquez
- Dirección General de Investigación Económica, Banco de México, Mérida, México
- Departamento de Economía, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, México
| | - Mariano Guzmán-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación e Inteligencia Económica, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Lara-Arévalo
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Adam Drewnowski
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Kennedy ET, Torero MA, Mozaffarian D, Masters WA, Steiner RA, Hendriks SL, Morrison JA, Merrigan KK, Ghosh SA, Mason-d’Croz DE. Beyond the Food Systems Summit: Linking Recommendations to Action-The True Cost of Food. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100028. [PMID: 37180850 PMCID: PMC10164780 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A transformation of food systems is needed to achieve the 17 Sustainable Development Goals specified in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Recognizing the true costs and benefits of food production and consumption can help guide public policy decisions to effectively transform food systems in support of sustainable healthy diets. A new, expanded framework is presented that allows the quantification of costs and benefits in three domains: health, environmental, and social. The implications for policy makers are discussed. Curr Dev Nutr 2023;x:xx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen T. Kennedy
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - William A. Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Sheryl L. Hendriks
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development, University of Pretoria, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, South Africa
| | | | - Kathleen K. Merrigan
- Swette Center for Sustainable Food Systems, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Shibani A. Ghosh
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Munteanu C, Schwartz B. The Effect of Bioactive Aliment Compounds and Micronutrients on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040903. [PMID: 37107278 PMCID: PMC10136128 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current review, we focused on identifying aliment compounds and micronutrients, as well as addressed promising bioactive nutrients that may interfere with NAFLD advance and ultimately affect this disease progress. In this regard, we targeted: 1. Potential bioactive nutrients that may interfere with NAFLD, specifically dark chocolate, cocoa butter, and peanut butter which may be involved in decreasing cholesterol concentrations. 2. The role of sweeteners used in coffee and other frequent beverages; in this sense, stevia has proven to be adequate for improving carbohydrate metabolism, liver steatosis, and liver fibrosis. 3. Additional compounds were shown to exert a beneficial action on NAFLD, namely glutathione, soy lecithin, silymarin, Aquamin, and cannabinoids which were shown to lower the serum concentration of triglycerides. 4. The effects of micronutrients, especially vitamins, on NAFLD. Even if most studies demonstrate the beneficial role of vitamins in this pathology, there are exceptions. 5. We provide information regarding the modulation of the activity of some enzymes related to NAFLD and their effect on this disease. We conclude that NAFLD can be prevented or improved by different factors through their involvement in the signaling, genetic, and biochemical pathways that underlie NAFLD. Therefore, exposing this vast knowledge to the public is particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Munteanu
- Department of Plant Culture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Betty Schwartz
- The Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The School of Nutritional Sciences, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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11
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Taylor NGA, Luongo G, Jago E, Mah CL. Observational study of population level disparities in food costs in 2021 in Canada: A digital national nutritious food basket (dNNFB). Prev Med Rep 2023; 32:102162. [PMID: 36910505 PMCID: PMC9995921 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility and effect of applying a nationally representative and highly disaggregated food costing measure across Canada, through the novel application of web-scraping technology to the methods of the National Nutritious Food Basket (NNFB). Further, this study tested the hypothesis that a product-matched digital NNFB (dNNFB) correlates with existing market basket measures and quantified any differences in costs. This was an observational cross-sectional study using web scraped food price data collected in November 2021. Food price data was collected from the majority of Loblaw's banners across Canada, resulting in a final store sample of 751 stores sourced from 11 retail banners. Stores were located across all five Statistics Canada regions, including all provinces and territories with the exception of Nunavut. Store-level dNNFB costs were computed, adjusted by age-sex group, and summarized by geographic region and banner. dNNFB costs were then compared with existing national statistics office estimates (Market Basket Measure thresholds for reference families). dNNFB costs varied widely across the country, with notable differences by regional, store-level, and age-sex group characteristics. When compared to reported national statistics, our estimates exceeded the national market basket measure in every comparison in corresponding sub-national geography across the country, with correlation varying from 0.49 to 0.78 dependent on summary comparator. Digital collection of food price data was a feasible strategy for market basket costing. Our findings suggest we may be routinely underestimating the impact of food inflation for consumers, particularly those restricted to certain food environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan G A Taylor
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, 2nd Floor 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Gabriella Luongo
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, 2nd Floor 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Emily Jago
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, 2nd Floor 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Catherine L Mah
- School of Health Administration, Faculty of Health, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, 2nd Floor 5850 College Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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12
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Matavel C, Kächele H, Steinke J, Rybak C, Hoffmann H, Salavessa J, Sieber S, Müller K. Effect of passive solar drying on food security in rural Mozambique. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17154. [PMID: 36229492 PMCID: PMC9561633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving food security in Mozambique is critical, since 80% of the population cannot afford an adequate diet. While increasing agricultural production is a necessary effort to address this challenge, inadequate post-harvest treatment leads to storage losses and quality degradation, with repercussions for food security. The use of solar drying is promoted as a solution to provide efficient and reliable access to food preservation that improves the food security situation in rural communities. However, there is a lack of clear evidence on how the use or access to solar drying affects food security. This study identifies the determinants of farmers' choice to use solar drying and evaluates the effect of a passive solar dryer on food security using survey data from 634 households. We allocated solar dryers to selected communities and all interested individuals belonging to these communities were eligible to use it. Propensity score matching and endogenous switching poisson regression are used to estimate the average effect. The use of solar drying with associated training significantly increases the food security status of participants by increasing household food availability, women's dietary diversity, and months of adequate household food provision and by decreasing the household food insecurity access scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Custodio Matavel
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany ,grid.442451.20000 0004 0460 1022Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Lúrio (Unilúrio), Campus Universitários de Unango Km 62, Sanga District, Niassa, Mozambique
| | - Harald Kächele
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany ,grid.461663.00000 0001 0536 4434Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Jonathan Steinke
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Constance Rybak
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Harry Hoffmann
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - João Salavessa
- grid.442451.20000 0004 0460 1022Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidade Lúrio (Unilúrio), Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Stefan Sieber
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Müller
- grid.433014.1Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Zhang L, Dong H, Yu Y, Liu L, Zang P. Application and challenges of
3D
food printing technology in manned spaceflight: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Long‐zhen Zhang
- Space Science and Technology Institute (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518117 China
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center Key Laboratory of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering Beijing 100094 China
| | - Hai‐sheng Dong
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center Key Laboratory of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering Beijing 100094 China
| | - Yan‐bo Yu
- Space Science and Technology Institute (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518117 China
| | - Li‐yan Liu
- Lee Kum Kee (Xinhui) Food Co., Ltd. Jiangmen Guangdong 529156 China
| | - Peng Zang
- China Astronaut Research and Training Center Key Laboratory of Space Nutrition and Food Engineering Beijing 100094 China
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14
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Varani J, McClintock SD, Knibbs RN, Harber I, Zeidan D, Jawad-Makki MAH, Aslam MN. Liver Protein Expression in NASH Mice on a High-Fat Diet: Response to Multi-Mineral Intervention. Front Nutr 2022; 9:859292. [PMID: 35634402 PMCID: PMC9130755 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.859292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Male MS-NASH mice were maintained on a high-fat diet for 16 weeks with and without red algae-derived minerals. Obeticholic acid (OCA) was used as a comparator in the same strain and diet. C57BL/6 mice maintained on a standard (low-fat) rodent chow diet were used as a control. At the end of the in-life portion of the study, body weight, liver weight, liver enzyme levels and liver histology were assessed. Samples obtained from individual livers were subjected to Tandem Mass Tag labeling / mass spectroscopy for protein profile determination. As compared to mice maintained on the low-fat diet, all high-fat-fed mice had increased whole-body and liver weight, increased liver enzyme (aminotransferases) levels and widespread steatosis / ballooning hepatocyte degeneration. Histological evidence for liver inflammation and collagen deposition was also present, but changes were to a lesser extent. A moderate reduction in ballooning degeneration and collagen deposition was observed with mineral supplementation. Control mice on the high-fat diet alone demonstrated multiple protein changes associated with dysregulated fat and carbohydrate metabolism, lipotoxicity and oxidative stress. Cholesterol metabolism and bile acid formation were especially sensitive to diet. In mice receiving multi-mineral supplementation along with the high-fat diet, there was reduced liver toxicity as evidenced by a decrease in levels of several cytochrome P450 enzymes and other oxidant-generating moieties. Additionally, elevated expression of several keratins was also detected in mineral-supplemented mice. The protein changes observed with mineral supplementation were not seen with OCA. Our previous studies have shown that mice maintained on a high-fat diet for up to 18 months develop end-stage liver injury including hepatocellular carcinoma. Mineral-supplemented mice were substantially protected against tumor formation and other end-state consequences of high-fat feeding. The present study identifies early (16-week) protein changes occurring in the livers of the high-fat diet-fed mice, and how the expression of these proteins is influenced by mineral supplementation. These findings help elucidate early protein changes that contribute to end-stage liver injury and potential mechanisms by which dietary minerals may mitigate such damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Varani
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Shannon D McClintock
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Randall N Knibbs
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Isabelle Harber
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dania Zeidan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Muhammad N Aslam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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15
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Colao A, Vetrani C, Muscogiuri G, Barrea L, Tricopoulou A, Soldati L, Piscitelli P. "Planeterranean" Diet: extending worldwide the health benefits of Mediterranean Diet based on nutritional properties of locally available foods. J Transl Med 2022; 20:232. [PMID: 35581590 PMCID: PMC9115921 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2010, November 16th, the Mediterranean diet was given the recognition of UNESCO as an “Intangible Heritage of Humanity” as this dietary pattern is rooted in the preservation of tradition, land, and biodiversity. In addition, mounting evidence supported the pivotal role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Nevertheless, the application of this dietary pattern in non-Mediterranean countries is still challenging. “Planeterranean” is an attempt of the UNESCO Chair of “Health Education and Sustainable Development” to prompt each country to rediscover its own heritage and develop healthier dietary patterns based on traditional and local foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Colao
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Vetrani
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Department of Human Sciences, Pegaso Telematic University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Prisco Piscitelli
- UNESCO Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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16
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Marchioni DM, Cacau LT, De Carli E, de Carvalho AM, Rulli MC. Low Adherence to the EAT-Lancet Sustainable Reference Diet in the Brazilian Population: Findings from the National Dietary Survey 2017–2018. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061187. [PMID: 35334839 PMCID: PMC8956109 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diets are simultaneously connected with population health and environment. The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a sustainable reference diet to improve population health and respect the planetary boundaries. Recently, the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) has been developed to assess the adherence to this reference diet. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet through the PHDI in a nationwide population-based study carried out in Brazil. We used data from the National Dietary Survey conducted through the Household Budget Survey in 2017–2018, with 46,164 Brazilians aged over 10 years old. Food consumption was evaluated with a 24 h dietary recall. The average PHDI total score in the Brazilian population was 45.9 points (95% CI 45.6:46.1) on a total score that can range from 0 to 150 points. The adherence to EAT-Lancet diet was low among all Brazilian regions. Women, elderly, those overweighed/obese, with higher per capita income and living in the urban area had higher scores in the PHDI. In general, the Brazilian population presented low adherence to a healthy and sustainable dietary pattern and seems far from meeting the EAT-Lancet recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirce Maria Marchioni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (L.T.C.); (E.D.C.); (A.M.d.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Leandro Teixeira Cacau
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (L.T.C.); (E.D.C.); (A.M.d.C.)
| | - Eduardo De Carli
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (L.T.C.); (E.D.C.); (A.M.d.C.)
| | - Aline Martins de Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (L.T.C.); (E.D.C.); (A.M.d.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina Rulli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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