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Kenigsberg TA, Childress AM, Fletcher Williams D, Lioce M, Chosewood LC. Proposed Framework for Developing and Evaluating Total Worker Health ® Education and Training Programs. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:673-681. [PMID: 38704631 PMCID: PMC11301576 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Propose a framework for developing and evaluating Total Worker Health ® (TWH) education and training efforts by implementing institutions. METHODS This is a review of TWH information from symposia, workshops, academic offerings, and publications, along with a review of education and training development and evaluation resources applicable across various disciplines. RESULTS Examples of knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) are provided for each TWH core competency, and a framework for developing and evaluating a TWH competency-based education or training program. CONCLUSIONS The proposed set of KSAs and framework for developing and evaluating TWH education or training programs may inform future pilot testing of KSAs and framework by implementing institutions and help standardize practices across the discipline. Academic, business, community, labor, and government stakeholders are encouraged to provide further input to assist in its maturation and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tat'Yana A Kenigsberg
- From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, GA (T.A.K.); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC, retired (A.M.C.); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Atlanta, GA (D.F.W.); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA (M.L., L.C.C.)
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Waite KA, Pronovost PJ, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Critical Partnerships: How to Develop a Trans-Disciplinary Research Team. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5078. [PMID: 37894444 PMCID: PMC10605766 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Trans-disciplinary science will continue to be critical for the next wave of scientific advancement to fully understand cancer development, progression, and treatment. The shift from the independent investigator to either leading or being a productive member of a scientific team can be successful by focusing on some key elements that can build and strengthen interactions with a diverse group of people. These include the selection of the team, communication, leadership and mentorship, shared goals, responsibility to the team, authorship, and proactively dealing with conflict. While there are extensive books written on developing teams in the business world, and larger pieces in the medical arena, we attempt to provide here a concise, high-level view as a starting point for those that may be moving from being an independent researcher and are developing their own, larger, trans-disciplinary teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A. Waite
- Trans Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter J. Pronovost
- University Hospitals Health System, Shaker Heights, OH 44106, USA
- UH Quality Care Organization and UH Accountable Care Organization, University Hospitals Health System, Shaker Heights, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan
- Trans Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Sweeney WA, Kelly PW, Brasier AR, Rolland B. Developing a Translational Team Training Program using the Wisconsin Interventions in Team Science Framework. J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e233. [PMID: 38028334 PMCID: PMC10643908 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2023.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program supports a national network of medical research institutions working to improve the translational process. High-performing translational teams (TTs) are critical for advancing evidence-based approaches that improve human health. When focused on content-appropriate knowledge, skills, and attitudes, targeted training results in the substantial internalization of training content, producing new skills that can be applied to improve team outputs, outcomes, and benefits. More rigorous approaches to develop, test, and evaluate interventions are needed, and we used the Wisconsin Interventions in Team Science framework as a model to systematize our efforts. We designed, built, and tested a five-session TT Training Program for translational researchers. The 90-minute sessions were pilot-tested with 47 postdoctoral fellows and evaluated through a structured evaluation plan. Ninety-five percent of post-session survey respondents indicated that the content and skills provided would make them more effective collaborators, and one hundred percent would recommend the sessions to colleagues. Respondents' scores increased from pretest to posttest for most learning outcomes. Refinements from participant feedback are described. This work provides a foundation for the continued evolution of evidence-based training programs in the CTSA environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney A. Sweeney
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Patrick W. Kelly
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Allan R. Brasier
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Betsy Rolland
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Brownson RC, Adams DR, Anyane-Yeboa A, Powell BJ. Learning to Prioritize Our Collaborative Opportunities: Overcoming the Bright Shiny Object Syndrome. THE JOURNAL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION IN THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS 2023; 44:00005141-990000000-00096. [PMID: 37706672 PMCID: PMC10937331 DOI: 10.1097/ceh.0000000000000529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT There are multiple opportunities to participate in team science, leading to long-term benefits (eg, research impact, novelty, productivity). Scholars are not well-trained in how to choose among these opportunities, often learning via trial and error. The ability to navigate collaborations is framed by several principles and considerations: (1) locus of control (what control we have over our own behavior) and how it affects academic job satisfaction; (2) the scarcity mindset that may manifest as a result of the fear of missing future opportunities; and (3) power dynamics and inequities (eg, among women and racial/ethnic minority individuals). To provide a more systematic approach to weighing academic opportunities, the authors offer 30 questions across six overlapping domains. The domains include: the big picture (eg, Is the opportunity a building block for your career?), context (eg, How much do you have on your plate?), person (eg, Who is asking?), team (eg, Is the team productive?), role (eg, Will you lead or assist?), and outcomes (eg, Might the opportunity lead to publications and/or grants?). We offer advice for decision-making. For example, when presented with an opportunity involving a significant time commitment, it is useful to allow at least 24 hours before deciding. The authors offer advice and sample language for communicating your decision. Although every situation is different, there are several fundamental issues and questions to consider when one is presented with a new opportunity-these questions are suggested for mentors and mentees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross C. Brownson
- Dr. Brownson: Steven H. and Susan U. Lipstein Distinguished Professor of Public Health and Director, Prevention Research Center, Brown School, and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center and Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Adams: NIMH Post-doctoral Fellow, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Anyane-Yeboa: Assistant Professor in the Division of Gastroenterology and Instructor of Investigation in the Clinical Translational Epidemiology Unit of the Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Dr. Powell: Associate Professor and Co-Director, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School; Co-Director, Center for Dissemination and Implementation, Institute for Public Health; and Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Danielle R. Adams
- Dr. Brownson: Steven H. and Susan U. Lipstein Distinguished Professor of Public Health and Director, Prevention Research Center, Brown School, and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center and Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Adams: NIMH Post-doctoral Fellow, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Anyane-Yeboa: Assistant Professor in the Division of Gastroenterology and Instructor of Investigation in the Clinical Translational Epidemiology Unit of the Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Dr. Powell: Associate Professor and Co-Director, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School; Co-Director, Center for Dissemination and Implementation, Institute for Public Health; and Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Adjoa Anyane-Yeboa
- Dr. Brownson: Steven H. and Susan U. Lipstein Distinguished Professor of Public Health and Director, Prevention Research Center, Brown School, and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center and Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Adams: NIMH Post-doctoral Fellow, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Anyane-Yeboa: Assistant Professor in the Division of Gastroenterology and Instructor of Investigation in the Clinical Translational Epidemiology Unit of the Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Dr. Powell: Associate Professor and Co-Director, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School; Co-Director, Center for Dissemination and Implementation, Institute for Public Health; and Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Byron J. Powell
- Dr. Brownson: Steven H. and Susan U. Lipstein Distinguished Professor of Public Health and Director, Prevention Research Center, Brown School, and Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center and Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Adams: NIMH Post-doctoral Fellow, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri. Dr. Anyane-Yeboa: Assistant Professor in the Division of Gastroenterology and Instructor of Investigation in the Clinical Translational Epidemiology Unit of the Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Dr. Powell: Associate Professor and Co-Director, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Brown School; Co-Director, Center for Dissemination and Implementation, Institute for Public Health; and Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, John T. Milliken Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Brown SA, Sparapani R, Osinski K, Zhang J, Blessing J, Cheng F, Hamid A, MohamadiPour MB, Lal JC, Kothari AN, Caraballo P, Noseworthy P, Johnson RH, Hansen K, Sun LY, Crotty B, Cheng YC, Echefu G, Doshi K, Olson J. Team principles for successful interdisciplinary research teams. AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2023; 32:100306. [PMID: 38510201 PMCID: PMC10946054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Interdisciplinary research teams can be extremely beneficial when addressing difficult clinical problems. The incorporation of conceptual and methodological strategies from a variety of research disciplines and health professions yields transformative results. In this setting, the long-term goal of team science is to improve patient care, with emphasis on population health outcomes. However, team principles necessary for effective research teams are rarely taught in health professional schools. To form successful interdisciplinary research teams in cardio-oncology and beyond, guiding principles and organizational recommendations are necessary. Cardiovascular disease results in annual direct costs of $220 billion (about $680 per person in the US) and is the leading cause of death for cancer survivors, including adult survivors of childhood cancers. Optimizing cardio-oncology research in interdisciplinary research teams has the potential to aid in the investigation of strategies for saving hundreds of thousands of lives each year in the United States and mitigating the annual cost of cardiovascular disease. Despite published reports on experiences developing research teams across organizations, specialties and settings, there is no single journal article that compiles principles for cardiology or cardio-oncology research teams. In this review, recurring threads linked to working as a team, as well as optimal methods, advantages, and problems that arise when managing teams are described in the context of career development and research. The worth and hurdles of a team approach, based on practical lessons learned from establishing our multidisciplinary research team and information gleaned from relevant specialties in the development of a successful team are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry-Ann Brown
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rodney Sparapani
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kristen Osinski
- Clinical Science and Translational Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey Blessing
- Department of Computer Science, Milwaukee School of Engineering, USA
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Mehri Bagheri MohamadiPour
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jessica Castrillon Lal
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anai N. Kothari
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Peter Noseworthy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Louise Y. Sun
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley Crotty
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Yee Chung Cheng
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Gift Echefu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Krishna Doshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL, USA
| | - Jessica Olson
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - for the Cardio-Oncology Artificial Intelligence Informatics & Precision (CAIP) Research Team Investigators
- Cardio-Oncology Program, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Clinical Science and Translational Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Milwaukee School of Engineering, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Green Bay, WI, USA
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baton Rouge General Medical Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL, USA
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Smith E. "Technical" Contributors and Authorship Distribution in Health Science. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2023; 29:22. [PMID: 37341846 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-023-00445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
In health sciences, technical contributions may be undervalued and excluded in the author byline. In this paper, I demonstrate how authorship is a historical construct which perpetuates systemic injustices including technical undervaluation. I make use of Pierre Bourdieu's conceptual work to demonstrate how the power dynamics at play in academia make it very challenging to change the habitual state or "habitus". To counter this, I argue that we must reconceive technical contributions to not be a priori less important based on its nature when assigning roles and opportunities leading to authorship. I make this argument based on two premises. First, science has evolved due to major information and biotechnological innovation; this requires 'technicians' to acquire and exercise a commensurate high degree of both technical and intellectual expertise which in turn increases the value of their contribution. I will illustrate this by providing a brief historical view of work statisticians, computer programmers/data scientists and laboratory technicians. Second, excluding or undervaluing this type of work is contrary to norms of responsibility, fairness and trustworthiness of the individual researchers and of teams in science. Although such norms are continuously tested because of power dynamics, their importance is central to ethical authorship practice and research integrity. While it may be argued that detailed disclosure of contributions (known as contributorship) increases accountability by clearly identifying who did what in the publication, I contend that this may unintentionally legitimize undervaluation of technical roles and may decrease integrity of science. Finally, this paper offers recommendations to promote ethical inclusion of technical contributors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Smith
- Department of Bioethics and Health Humanities, School of Public and Population Health, Member of the Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas MedicalBranch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Levites Strekalova YA, Kornetti DL, Pemu P, King Gordon T, Kumar D, Brown M, Spires S, Ofili EO. Strategic Team Science Promotes Collaboration and Practice-Based Research at the Research Centers in Minority Institutions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4800. [PMID: 36981709 PMCID: PMC10048818 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper reports on the implementation and evaluation of a strategy to promote collaborations and team science among investigators at the Research Centers in Minority Institutions (RCMI). The strategy presented in this paper was a hands-on workshop that allowed the application of strategic team science through structured dialogue, asset sharing, and systematic exploration of opportunities for collaboration. METHODS The workshop was attended by more than 100 participants, including RCMI and non-RCMI investigators, practice-based research network (PBRN) supplement program directors, and an NIH Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Program Officer. RESULTS A post-workshop survey was administered to collect participant feedback, assess the relevance of the workshop to the participants' professional development goals, and gauge the applicability of the tool as a support strategy to promote collaborative research. Most of the participants acknowledged that the session met the conference objectives (95.8%), and 93.7% noted that the workshop, to a high degree, met their personal goals and objectives. During the workshop, participants shared 35 resources they were willing and able to offer for prospective collaborative projects. CONCLUSION The experience reported and evaluated in this paper paves the way to understanding methods for disseminating effective strategies for inter-institutional collaborations for the sustainable growth and operation of PBRNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A. Levites Strekalova
- Clinical Translational Science Institute, Gainesville, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Diana L. Kornetti
- Clinical Translational Science Institute, Gainesville, University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Priscilla Pemu
- Department of Medicine, Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, and Clinical Research Center, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Tandeca King Gordon
- Department of Medicine, Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, and Clinical Research Center, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Michelle Brown
- Morehouse Choice Accountable Care Organization and Education System, Atlanta, GA 30315, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth O. Ofili
- Department of Medicine, Microbiology, Biochemistry and Immunology, and Clinical Research Center, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
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Rolland B, Cross JE, Hohl SD, Johnson LJ, Wooten K, Brasier AR. Introduction to the themed issue on the design, development, evaluation, and dissemination of team science interventions in clinical and translational research. J Clin Transl Sci 2021; 5:e202. [PMID: 35047214 PMCID: PMC8727717 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2021.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Rolland
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Cross
- Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Institute for Research in the Social Sciences, Sociology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sarah D. Hohl
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - LaKaija J. Johnson
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kevin Wooten
- Office of the President, University of Houston Clear Lake, Houston, TX, USA
- Institute for Translational Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Allan R. Brasier
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Internal Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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