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Qu S, Chi SD, He ZM. The Development of Aspergillus flavus and Biosynthesis of Aflatoxin B1 are Regulated by the Golgi-Localized Mn 2+ Transporter Pmr1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1276-1291. [PMID: 38179648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms rely on diverse ion transport and trace elements to sustain growth, development, and secondary metabolism. Manganese (Mn2+) is essential for various biological processes and plays a crucial role in the metabolism of human cells, plants, and yeast. In Aspergillus flavus, we confirmed that Pmr1 localized in cis- and medial-Golgi compartments was critical in facilitating Mn2+ transport, fungal growth, development, secondary metabolism, and glycosylation. In comparison to the wild type, the Δpmr1 mutant displayed heightened sensitivity to environmental stress, accompanied by inhibited synthesis of aflatoxin B1, kojic acid, and a substantial reduction in pathogenicity toward peanuts and maize. Interestingly, the addition of exogenous Mn2+ effectively rectified the developmental and secondary metabolic defects in the Δpmr1 mutant. However, Mn2+ supplement failed to restore the growth and development of the Δpmr1Δgdt1 double mutant, which indicated that the Gdt1 compensated for the functional deficiency of pmr1. In addition, our results showed that pmr1 knockout leads to an upregulation of O-glycosyl-N-acetylglucose (O-GlcNAc) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), while Mn2+ supplementation can restore the glycosylation in A. flavus. Collectively, this study indicates that the pmr1 regulates Mn2+ via Golgi and maintains growth and metabolism functions of A. flavus through regulation of the glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng-Da Chi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhu-Mei He
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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2
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Yi M, Cruz Cisneros L, Cho EJ, Alexander M, Kimelman FA, Swentek L, Ferrey A, Tantisattamo E, Ichii H. Nrf2 Pathway and Oxidative Stress as a Common Target for Treatment of Diabetes and Its Comorbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:821. [PMID: 38255895 PMCID: PMC10815857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease that induces many comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and liver damage. Many mechanisms have been suggested as to how diabetes leads to these comorbidities, of which increased oxidative stress in diabetic patients has been strongly implicated. Limited knowledge of antioxidative antidiabetic drugs and substances that can address diabetic comorbidities through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway calls for detailed investigation. This review will describe how diabetes increases oxidative stress, the general impact of that oxidative stress, and how oxidative stress primarily contributes to diabetic comorbidities. It will also address how treatments for diabetes, especially focusing on their effects on the Nrf2 antioxidative pathway, have been shown to similarly affect the Nrf2 pathway of the heart, kidney, and liver systems. This review demonstrates that the Nrf2 pathway is a common pathogenic component of diabetes and its associated comorbidities, potentially identifying this pathway as a target to guide future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Yi
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Leslie Cruz Cisneros
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Eric J. Cho
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Francesca A. Kimelman
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Lourdes Swentek
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Antoney Ferrey
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.F.); (E.T.)
| | - Ekamol Tantisattamo
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.F.); (E.T.)
| | - Hirohito Ichii
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
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Emerging Role of Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Liver Metabolism: Implications for Diabetes and NAFLD. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032142. [PMID: 36768465 PMCID: PMC9916810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked b-N-acetyl-glucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is one of the most common post-translational modifications of proteins, and is established by modifying the serine or threonine residues of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and mitochondrial proteins. O-GlcNAc signaling is considered a critical nutrient sensor, and affects numerous proteins involved in cellular metabolic processes. O-GlcNAcylation modulates protein functions in different patterns, including protein stabilization, enzymatic activity, transcriptional activity, and protein interactions. Disrupted O-GlcNAcylation is associated with an abnormal metabolic state, and may result in metabolic disorders. As the liver is the center of nutrient metabolism, this review provides a brief description of the features of the O-GlcNAc signaling pathway, and summarizes the regulatory functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation in liver metabolism. Finally, this review highlights the role of O-GlcNAcylation in liver-associated diseases, such as diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We hope this review not only benefits the understanding of O-GlcNAc biology, but also provides new insights for treatments against liver-associated metabolic disorders.
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Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Metabolic Modulation of Skeletal Muscle: A Bright but Long Way to Go. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100888. [DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an atypical, dynamic and reversible O-glycosylation that is critical and abundant in metazoan. O-GlcNAcylation coordinates and receives various signaling inputs such as nutrients and stresses, thus spatiotemporally regulating the activity, stability, localization and interaction of target proteins to participate in cellular physiological functions. Our review discusses in depth the involvement of O-GlcNAcylation in the precise regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, such as glucose homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial biogenesis. The complex interaction and precise modulation of O-GlcNAcylation in these nutritional pathways of skeletal muscle also provide emerging mechanical information on how nutrients affect health, exercise and disease. Meanwhile, we explored the potential role of O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle pathology and focused on its benefits in maintaining proteostasis under atrophy. In general, these understandings of O-GlcNAcylation are conducive to providing new insights into skeletal muscle (patho) physiology.
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Alshammari GM, Abdelhalim MA, Al-Ayed MS, Al-Harbi LN, Yahya MA. The Protective Effect of α-Lipoic Acid against Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)-Mediated Liver Damage Is Associated with Upregulating Nrf2 and Suppressing NF-κB. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163327. [PMID: 36014833 PMCID: PMC9414933 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined if regulating the keap-1? Nrf2 antioxidant pathway mediated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) induced liver damage, and examined the protective effect of co-supplement of α-lipoic acid (α-LA). Rats were separated into 4 groups (n = 8/each) as control, α-LA (200 mg/kg), AuNPs (5 µg/2.85 × 1011), and AuNPs (5 µg/2.85 × 1011) + α-LA (200 mg/kg). After 7 days, AuNPs induced severe degeneration in the livers of rats with the appearance of some fatty changes. In addition, it increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (ɣ-GTT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as liver levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Concomitantly, AuNPs significantly depleted hepatic levels of total glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) but increased hepatic levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). It also reduced mRNA levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) but significantly increased those of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl2. In addition, AuNPs enhanced the total and nuclear levels of NF-κB p65 but reduced the mRNA and total and nuclear protein levels of Nrf2. Of note, AuNPs did not affect the mRNA levels of keap-1. All these events were reversed by α-LA in the AuNPs-treated rats. In conclusion, α-LA attenuated AuNPs-mediated liver damage in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation, effects that are associated with upregulation/activation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghedeir M. Alshammari
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Anwar Abdelhalim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Al-Ayed
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abdo Yahya
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
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6
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Xue Q, Yan R, Ji S, Yu S. Regulation of mitochondrial network homeostasis by O-GlcNAcylation. Mitochondrion 2022; 65:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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7
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Đorđević MM, Tolić A, Rajić J, Mihailović M, Arambašić Jovanović J, Uskoković A, Grdović N, Đorđević MB, Mišić D, Šiler B, Vidaković M, Dinić S. Centaurium erythraea methanol extract improves the functionality of diabetic liver and kidney by mitigating hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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8
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Khoder-Agha F, Kietzmann T. The glyco-redox interplay: Principles and consequences on the role of reactive oxygen species during protein glycosylation. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101888. [PMID: 33602616 PMCID: PMC8113034 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) carry out prime physiological roles as intracellular signaling agents, yet pathologically high concentrations of ROS cause irreversible damage to biomolecules, alter cellular programs and contribute to various diseases. While decades of intensive research have identified redox-related patterns and signaling pathways, very few addressed how the glycosylation machinery senses and responds to oxidative stress. A common trait among ROS and glycans residing on glycoconjugates is that they are both highly dynamic, as they are quickly fine-tuned in response to stressors such as inflammation, cancer and infectious diseases. On this account, the delicate balance of the redox potential, which is tightly regulated by dozens of enzymes including NOXs, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain as well as the fluidity of glycan biosynthesis resulting from the cooperation of glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, and nucleotide sugar transporters, is paramount to cell survival. Here, we review the broad spectrum of the interplay between redox changes and glycosylation with respect to their principle consequences on human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Khoder-Agha
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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The Influence of Plant Extracts and Phytoconstituents on Antioxidant Enzymes Activity and Gene Expression in the Prevention and Treatment of Impaired Glucose Homeostasis and Diabetes Complications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030480. [PMID: 33803588 PMCID: PMC8003070 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder resulting either from insulin resistance or an impaired insulin secretion. Prolonged elevated blood glucose concentration, the key clinical sign of diabetes, initiates an enhancement of reactive oxygen species derived from glucose autoxidation and glycosylation of proteins. Consequently, chronic oxidative stress overwhelms cellular endogenous antioxidant defenses and leads to the acute and long-standing structural and functional changes of macromolecules resulting in impaired cellular functioning, cell death and organ dysfunction. The oxidative stress provoked chain of pathological events over time cause diabetic complications such as nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy, cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, hypertension, and liver disease. Under diabetic conditions, accompanying genome/epigenome and metabolite markers alterations may also affect glucose homeostasis, pancreatic β-cells, muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. By providing deeper genetic/epigenetic insight of direct or indirect dietary effects, nutrigenomics offers a promising opportunity to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients. Natural plant extracts, or their naturally occurring compounds, were shown to be very proficient in the prevention and treatment of different pathologies associated with oxidative stress including diabetes and its complications. Considering that food intake is one of the crucial components in diabetes’ prevalence, progression and complications, this review summarizes the effect of the major plant secondary metabolite and phytoconstituents on the antioxidant enzymes activity and gene expression under diabetic conditions.
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Chen PH, Chi JT, Boyce M. Functional crosstalk among oxidative stress and O-GlcNAc signaling pathways. Glycobiology 2018; 28:556-564. [PMID: 29548027 PMCID: PMC6054262 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoans, thousands of intracellular proteins are modified with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in response to a wide range of stimuli and stresses. In particular, a complex and evolutionarily conserved interplay between O-GlcNAcylation and oxidative stress has emerged in recent years. Here, we review the current literature on the connections between O-GlcNAc and oxidative stress, with a particular emphasis on major signaling pathways, such as KEAP1/NRF2, FOXO, NFκB, p53 and cell metabolism. Taken together, this work sheds important light on the signaling functions of protein glycosylation and the mechanisms of stress responses alike and illuminates how the two are integrated in animal cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Department of Biochemistry
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Kim YS, Kim M, Choi MY, Lee DH, Roh GS, Kim HJ, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Hong EK, Choi WS. Alpha-lipoic acid reduces retinal cell death in diabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1307-1314. [PMID: 30017190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Here, we examined whether α-lipoic acid (α-LA), a natural antioxidant, attenuated retinal injury in diabetic mice. The α-LA was orally administered to control mice or mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We found that α-LA reduced oxidative stress, decreased and increased retinal 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and glutathione peroxidase, respectively, and inhibited retinal cell death. Concomitantly, α-LA reversed the decreased activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and increased the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta and sirtuin3 in diabetic mouse retinas, similar to results shown after metformin treatment of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) exposed to high glucose. Moreover, α-LA lowered the levels of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in diabetic retinas that were more pronounced after metformin treatment of RPE cells. Importantly, α-LA lowered interactions between AMPK and OGT as shown by co-immunoprecipitation analyses, and this was accompanied by less cell death as measured by double immunofluorescence staining by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling and OGT or TXNIP in retinal ganglion cells. Consistently, α-LA lowered the levels of cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and pro-apoptotic marker cleaved caspase-3 in diabetic retinas. Our results indicated that α-LA reduced retinal cell death partly through AMPK activation or OGT inhibition in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sook Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Young Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Jae Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Hong
- Medvill Co., Ltd, 1606 Daeryung Post Tower 5th, 68 Digitalro 9gil, Guemcheon-gu, Seoul, 08512, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Sung Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
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Modulation of diabetes-related liver injury by the HMGB1/TLR4 inflammatory pathway. J Physiol Biochem 2018; 74:345-358. [DOI: 10.1007/s13105-018-0626-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Jovanović JA, Mihailović M, Uskoković AS, Grdović N, Dinić S, Poznanović G, Mujić I, Vidaković M. Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Antiglycation Effects of Lactarius deterrimus and Castanea sativa Extracts on Hepatorenal Injury in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:793. [PMID: 29163175 PMCID: PMC5671656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of the treatment with extracts from the edible mushroom Lactarius deterrimus (Ld) and the chestnut Castanea sativa (Cs), separately and in combination (MIX Ld/Cs), on oxidative stress and advanced glycation end-product (AGE)-mediated hepatorenal injury in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes by examining pathways responsible for maintenance of redox homeostasis. An experimental model of diabetes was induced in rats by the administration of 40 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 5 consecutive days. The examined extracts were applied separately at a dose of 60 mg/kg i.p. and in combination (60 mg/kg each extract; i.p.) for 4 weeks, starting from the last day of STZ administration. The improvement of hepatorenal function in diabetic rats treated with the extracts was associated with an improved glycemic and lipid status and suppression of oxidative stress and thereby oxidative damage of lipids and DNA. Besides the fact that both extracts inhibited protein glycation and AGE formation in vitro, they also reduced non-enzymatic glycosylation in diabetic rats in vivo. The observed antiglycation activity of the examined extracts (separately and in combination) was accompanied with the inhibition of CML-mediated RAGE/NF-κB activation and reduction of enzymatic O-GlcNAcylation in liver and kidney tissues of diabetic rats. Taken together, these results reveal that the administration of chestnut and mushroom extracts, either individually or together, activates a coordinated cytoprotective response against diabetes-induced hepatorenal injury not only through recovery of the antioxidant defense system of the cell, but also through a marked antiglycation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Arambašić Jovanović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Mihailović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra S Uskoković
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Grdović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Dinić
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Poznanović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ibrahim Mujić
- Department of Agriculture, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Melita Vidaković
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Souza-Silva L, Alves-Lopes R, Silva Miguez J, Dela Justina V, Neves KB, Mestriner FL, Tostes RDC, Giachini FR, Lima VV. Glycosylation with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine induces vascular dysfunction via production of superoxide anion/reactive oxygen species. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:232-240. [PMID: 28793197 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of superoxide anion (•O2-) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification in the vascular system are contributors to endothelial dysfunction. This study tested the hypothesis that increased levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins contribute to •O2- production via activation of NADPH oxidase, resulting in impaired vasodilation. Rat aortic segments and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were incubated with vehicle (methanol) or O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosylidenamino) N-phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc) (100 μM). PUGNAc produced a time-dependent increase in O-GlcNAc levels in VSMC and decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation, which was prevented by apocynin and tiron, suggesting that •O2- contributes to endothelial dysfunction under augmented O-GlcNAc levels. Aortic segments incubated with PUGNAc also exhibited increased levels of reactive oxygen species, assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence, and augmented •O2- production, determined by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Additionally, PUGNAc treatment increased Nox-1 and Nox-4 protein expression in aortas and VSMCs. Translocation of the p47phox subunit from the cytosol to the membrane was greater in aortas incubated with PUGNAc. VSMCs displayed increased p22phox protein expression after PUGNAc incubation, suggesting that NADPH oxidase is activated in conditions where O-GlcNAc protein levels are increased. In conclusion, O-GlcNAc levels reduce endothelium-dependent relaxation by overproduction of •O2- via activation of NADPH oxidase. This may represent an additional mechanism by which augmented O-GlcNAc levels impair vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Souza-Silva
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Rheure Alves-Lopes
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,c Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jéssica Silva Miguez
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Dela Justina
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Karla Bianca Neves
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,c Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fabíola Leslie Mestriner
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Tostes
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Giachini
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Victor Vitorino Lima
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
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15
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Ghelani H, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Nammi S. Chronic treatment of (R)- α-lipoic acid reduces blood glucose and lipid levels in high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in Sprague-Dawley rats. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2017; 5:e00306. [PMID: 28603627 PMCID: PMC5464337 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(R)‐ α ‐lipoic acid (ALA), an essential cofactor in mitochondrial respiration and a potential antioxidant, possesses a wide array of metabolic benefits including anti‐obesity, glucose lowering, insulin‐sensitizing, and lipid‐lowering effects. In this study, the curative effects of ALA (100 mg/kg) on a spectrum of conditions related to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) were investigated in a high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed and low‐dose streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced rat model of metabolic syndrome and T2D. The marked rise in the levels of glucose, triglycerides, total‐cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol, and VLDL‐cholesterol in the blood of HFD‐fed and low‐dose STZ‐injected rats were significantly reduced by ALA treatment. Furthermore, ALA treatment significantly increased the serum HDL‐cholesterol levels and tended to inhibit diabetes‐induced weight reduction. Mathematical computational analysis revealed that ALA also significantly improved insulin sensitivity and reduced the risk of atherosclerotic lesions and coronary atherogenesis. This study provides scientific evidence to substantiate the use of ALA to mitigate the glucose and lipid abnormality in metabolic syndrome and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Ghelani
- School of Science and Health Western Sydney University New South Wales 2751 Australia.,National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM) Western Sydney University New South Wales 2751 Australia
| | - Valentina Razmovski-Naumovski
- School of Science and Health Western Sydney University New South Wales 2751 Australia.,National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM) Western Sydney University New South Wales 2751 Australia.,South Western Sydney Clinical School School of Medicine University of New South Wales New South Wales 2052 Australia
| | - Srinivas Nammi
- School of Science and Health Western Sydney University New South Wales 2751 Australia.,National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM) Western Sydney University New South Wales 2751 Australia
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16
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Zhao L, Feng Z, Yang X, Liu J. The regulatory roles of O-GlcNAcylation in mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolic syndrome. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1080-1088. [PMID: 27646831 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1239017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nutrients excess is one of the leading causes of metabolic syndrome globally. Protein post-translational O-GlcNAc modification has been recognized as an essential nutrient sensor of the cell. Emerging studies suggest that O-GlcNAcylation lies at the core linking nutritional stress to insulin resistance. Mitochondria are the major site for ATP production in most eukaryotes. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have long been considered as an important mechanism underlying insulin resistance. The metabolic process is under the influence of environmental and nutritional factors, thus sensing and transducing nutritional signals sit at the pivot of metabolism control. For a long time little was known about O-GlcNAcylation within mitochondria since mitochondrial O-GlcNAcylation was regarded rare. Recent findings have demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation is widely spread among mitochondrial proteins, and that mitochondrial function and oxidative stress both can be regulated by O-GlcNAcylation, particularly under diabetic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- a Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education , School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Zhihui Feng
- a Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education , School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- b Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jiankang Liu
- a Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, the Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education , School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , China
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17
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Peternelj TT, Marsh SA, Strobel NA, Matsumoto A, Briskey D, Dalbo VJ, Tucker PS, Coombes JS. Glutathione depletion and acute exercise increase O-GlcNAc protein modification in rat skeletal muscle. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 400:265-75. [PMID: 25416863 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification of intracellular proteins with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) profoundly affects protein structure, function, and metabolism. Although many skeletal muscle proteins are O-GlcNAcylated, the modification has not been extensively studied in this tissue, especially in the context of exercise. This study investigated the effects of glutathione depletion and acute exercise on O-GlcNAc protein modification in rat skeletal muscle. Diethyl maleate (DEM) was used to deplete intracellular glutathione and rats were subjected to a treadmill run. White gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were analyzed for glutathione status, O-GlcNAc and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) protein levels, and mRNA expression of OGT, O-GlcNAcase and glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase. DEM and exercise both reduced intracellular glutathione and increased O-GlcNAc. DEM upregulated OGT protein expression. The effects of the interventions were significant 4 h after exercise (P < 0.05). The changes in the mRNA levels of O-GlcNAc enzymes were different in the two muscles, potentially resulting from different rates of oxidative stress and metabolic demands between the muscle types. These findings indicate that oxidative environment promotes O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle and suggest an interrelationship between cellular redox state and O-GlcNAc protein modification. This could represent one mechanism underlying cellular adaptation to oxidative stress and health benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tinkara Peternelj
- Antioxidant Research Group, School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia,
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18
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Peternelj TT, Marsh SA, Morais C, Small DM, Dalbo VJ, Tucker PS, Coombes JS. O-GlcNAc protein modification in C2C12 myoblasts exposed to oxidative stress indicates parallels with endogenous antioxidant defense. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 93:63-73. [PMID: 25453190 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates the involvement of protein modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in the stress response and its beneficial effects on cell survival. Here we investigated protein O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle cells exposed to oxidative stress and the crosstalk with endogenous antioxidant system. The study focused on antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and transcriptional regulators proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), which play important roles in oxidative stress response and are known to be O-GlcNAc-modified. C2C12 myoblasts were subjected to 24 h incubation with different reagents, including hydrogen peroxide, diethyl maleate, high glucose, and glucosamine, and the inhibitors of O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes. Surprisingly, O-GlcNAc levels were significantly increased only with glucosamine, whilst other treatments showed no effect. Significant changes at the mRNA level were observed with concomitant upregulation of the genes for O-GlcNAc enzymes and stress-related proteins with oxidizing agents and downregulation of these genes with agents promoting O-GlcNAcylation. Our findings suggest a role of O-GlcNAc in the stress response and indicate an inhibitory mechanism controlling O-GlcNAc levels in the muscle cells. This could represent an important homeostatic regulation of the cellular defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tinkara Peternelj
- a Antioxidant Research Group, School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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19
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Sadi G, Bozan D, Yildiz HB. Redox regulation of antioxidant enzymes: post-translational modulation of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity by resveratrol in diabetic rat liver. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 393:111-22. [PMID: 24740756 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a strong antioxidant that exhibits blood glucose-lowering effects, which might contribute to its usefulness in preventing complications associated with diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate resveratrol effects on catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) gene and protein expression, their phosphorylation states and activities in rat liver of STZ-induced diabetes. Diabetes increased the levels of total protein phosphorylation and p-CAT, while mRNA expression, protein levels, and activity were reduced. Although diabetes induced transcriptional repression over GPx, it did not affect the protein levels and activity. When resveratrol was administered to diabetic rats, an increase in activity was associated with an increase in p-GPx levels. Decrease in Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and increase in nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) gene expression in diabetes were associated with a decrease in CAT and GPx mRNA expression. A possible compensatory mechanism for reduced gene expression of antioxidant enzymes is proved to be nuclear translocation of redox-sensitive Nrf2 and NFκB in diabetes which is confirmed by the increase in nuclear and decrease in cytoplasmic protein levels of Nrf2 and NFκB. Taken together, these findings revealed that an increase in the oxidized state in diabetes intricately modified the cellular phosphorylation status and regulation of antioxidant enzymes. Gene regulation of antioxidant enzymes was accompanied by nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and NFκB. Resveratrol administration also activated a coordinated cytoprotective response against diabetes-induced changes in liver tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Sadi
- Department of Biology, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100, Karaman, Turkey,
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