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He S, Wang S, Xu T, Wang S, Qi M, Chen Q, Lin L, Wu H, Gan P. Role of Thiamine Supplementation in the Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Cardiol 2024; 47:e24309. [PMID: 38940395 PMCID: PMC11212003 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (CHF) has always posed a significant threat to human survival and health. The efficacy of thiamine supplementation in CHF patients remains uncertain. HYPOTHESIS Receiving supplementary thiamine may not confer benefits to patients with CHF. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted across the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Web of Science databases up until May 2023 to identify articles investigating the effects of thiamine supplementation in CHF patients. Predefined criteria were utilized for selecting data on study characteristics and results. RESULTS Seven randomized, double-blind, controlled trials (five parallel trials and two crossover trials) involving a total of 274 patients were enrolled. The results of the meta-analysis pooling these studies did not reveal any significant effect of thiamine treatment compared with placebo on left ventricular ejection fraction (WMD = 1.653%, 95% CI: -1.098 to 4.405, p = 0.239, I2 = 61.8%), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (WMD = -6.831 mL, 95% CI: -26.367 to 12.704, p = 0.493, I2 = 0.0%), 6-min walking test (WMD = 16.526 m, 95% CI: -36.582 to 69.634, p = 0.542, I2 = 66.3%), N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (WMD = 258.150 pg/mL, 95% CI: -236.406 to 752.707, p = 0.306, I2 = 21.6%), or New York Heart Association class (WMD = -0.223, 95% CI: -0.781 to 0.335, p = 0.434, I2 = 87.1%). However, it effectively improved the status of thiamine deficiency (TD). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis indicates that thiamine supplementation does not have a direct therapeutic effect on CHF, except for correcting TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai He
- Department of Hand and Foot SurgeryTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Tingli Xu
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Minfang Qi
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Lu Lin
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
| | - Pengcheng Gan
- Department of Intensive Care RehabilitationTaizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhouZhejiangChina
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Li Y, Zhu F, Ren D, Tong J, Xu Q, Zhong M, Zhao W, Duan X, Xu X. Establishment of in-hospital nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly patients with acute decompendated heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:259. [PMID: 38762515 PMCID: PMC11102219 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct a nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) during hospitalization. METHODS Based on the JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Model as the theoretical framework, the best evidence was extracted through literature analysis and a preliminary nutrition support plan for middle-aged and elderly ADHF patients during hospitalization was formed. Two rounds of expert opinion consultation were conducted using the Delphi method. The indicators were modified, supplemented and reduced according to the expert's scoring and feedback, and the expert scoring was calculated. RESULTS The response rates of the experts in the two rounds of consultation were 86.7% and 100%, respectively, and the coefficient of variation (CV) for each round was between 0.00% and 29.67% (all < 0.25). In the first round of expert consultation, 4 items were modified, 3 items were deleted, and 3 items were added. In the second round of the expert consultation, one item was deleted and one item was modified. Through two rounds of expert consultation, expert consensus was reached and a nutrition support plan for ADHF patients was finally formed, including 4 first-level indicators, 7 s-level indicators, and 24 third-level indicators. CONCLUSION The nutrition support program constructed in this study for middle-aged and elderly ADHF patients during hospitalization is authoritative, scientific and practical, and provides a theoretical basis for clinical development of nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly ADHF patients during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Li
- CCU, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- CCU, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Dongmei Ren
- Department of Nursing, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Jianping Tong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Department of Emergency, Jiad-ing District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine &Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Minhui Zhong
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xia Duan
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China.
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Anaraki SR, Aali Y, Nikbaf-Shandiz M, Rasaei N, Khadem A, Bahari H, Khalse Z, Rastgoo S, Shiraseb F, Asbaghi O. The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Adults: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis. Clin Ther 2024; 46:e73-e86. [PMID: 38101999 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertension stands as a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, making it of utmost importance to address. Studies have shown that L-carnitine supplementation may lower blood pressure (BP) parameters in different populations. Therefore, we have conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of published Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), including the most recent articles on the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on BP. METHODS PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane databases, and Scopus were used to collect RCT studies published up to October 2022 without limitations in language. Inclusion criteria were adult participants and recipients of L-carnitine in oral supplemental forms. The funnel plot test, Begg's test, and Egger's test were used to examine publication bias. FINDINGS After the search strategy, 22 RCTs (n = 1412) with 24 effect sizes fulfilled the criteria. It was found L-Carnitine supplementation did not have a significant effect on systolic blood pressure (SBP) (mm Hg) (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -1.22 mm Hg, 95% CI: -3.79, 1.35; P = 0.352; I2 = 85.0%, P < 0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) (WMD = -0.50 mm Hg, 95% CI: -1.49, 0.48; P = 0.318; I2 = 43.4%, P = 0.021) in the pooled analysis. Subgroup analyses have shown that L-carnitine supplementation had no lowering effect on SBP in any subgroup. However, there was a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure in participants with a baseline body mass index >30 kg/m2 (WMD = -1.59 mm Hg; 95% CI: -3.11, -0.06; P = 0.041; I2 = 41.3%, P = 0.164). There was a significant nonlinear relationship between the duration of L-carnitine intervention and changes in SBP (coefficients = -6.83, P = 0.045). IMPLICATIONS L-carnitine supplementation in adults did not significantly affect BP. But anyway, more studies should be done in this field on different individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasaman Aali
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khadem
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Bahari
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khalse
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Rastgoo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hosseini H, Ghavidel F, Aliyari M, Hashemy SI, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Effect of Nigella sativa Intake on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:896-907. [PMID: 37859312 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010266109230928000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that the intake of N. sativa has a beneficial effect on metabolic syndrome and related disorders. In this meta-analysis, our primary objective was to assess the impact of Nigella sativa consumption on inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers among individuals diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and its associated conditions. METHODS Our search was conducted on prominent online databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and EMBASE, utilizing relevant keywords until August 2023. RESULTS This meta-analysis was performed on 16 RCTs comprising 1033 participants. Our results showed that intake of Nigella sativa significantly decreased CRP (SMD: -0.60; (95% CI: from -0.96 to -0.23); P = 0.00), TNF-α (SMD: -0.53; (95% CI: from -0.74 to -0.53); P = 0.00); IL-6 (SMD: -0.54 ; (95% CI: from -1.01 to -0.07); P = 0.02), and MDA: (SMD: -1.28; (95% CI: from -2.11 to -0.46); P = 0.00) levels. In addition, SOD: (SMD: 1.35; (95% CI, from 0.77 to 1.93); P = 0.00) and TAC (SMD: 2.82; (95% CI, from 0.55 to 5.084); P = 0.01) levels significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSION Our results showed that THE consumption of N. sativa could be associated with improved oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farideh Ghavidel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Aliyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Colletti A, Pellizzato M, Cicero AF. The Possible Role of Probiotic Supplementation in Inflammation: A Narrative Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2160. [PMID: 37764004 PMCID: PMC10535592 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The fine balance between symbiotic and potentially opportunistic and/or pathogenic microorganisms can undergo quantitative alterations, which, when associated with low intestinal biodiversity, could be responsible for the development of gut inflammation and the so-called "intestinal dysbiosis". This condition is characterized by the disbalance of a fine synergistic mechanism involving the mucosal barrier, the intestinal neuroendocrine system, and the immune system that results in an acute inflammatory response induced by different causes, including viral or bacterial infections of the digestive tract. More frequently, however, dysbiosis is induced slowly and subtly by subliminal causal factors, resulting in a chronic condition related to different diseases affecting the digestive tract and other organs and apparatuses. Studies on animal models, together with studies on humans, highlight the significant role of the gut microbiota and microbiome in the occurrence of inflammatory conditions such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs); neurodegenerative, urologic, skin, liver, and kidney pathologies; and premature aging. The blood translocation of bacterial fragments has been found to be one of the processes linked to gut dysbiosis and responsible for the possible occurrence of "metabolic endotoxemia" and systemic inflammation, associated with an increased risk of oxidative stress and related diseases. In this context, supplementation with different probiotic strains has been shown to restore gut eubiosis, especially if administered in long-term treatments. The aim of this review is to describe the anti-inflammatory effects of specific probiotic strains observed in clinical trials and the respective indications, highlighting the differences in efficacy depending on strain, formulation, time and duration of treatment, and dosage used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
| | - Marzia Pellizzato
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
| | - Arrigo Francesco Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- IRCCS AOUBO, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Maines E, Moretti M, Vitturi N, Gugelmo G, Fasan I, Lenzini L, Piccoli G, Gragnaniello V, Maiorana A, Soffiati M, Burlina A, Franceschi R. Understanding the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Complications in Patients with Propionic Acidemia and Exploring Therapeutic Alternatives for Those Who Are Not Eligible or Are Waiting for Liver Transplantation. Metabolites 2023; 13:563. [PMID: 37110221 PMCID: PMC10143878 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The guidelines for the management of patients affected by propionic acidemia (PA) recommend standard cardiac therapy in the presence of cardiac complications. A recent revision questioned the impact of high doses of coenzyme Q10 on cardiac function in patients with cardiomyopathy (CM). Liver transplantation is a therapeutic option for several patients since it may stabilize or reverse CM. Both the patients waiting for liver transplantation and, even more, the ones not eligible for transplant programs urgently need therapies to improve cardiac function. To this aim, the identification of the pathogenetic mechanisms represents a key point. Aims: This review summarizes: (1) the current knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying cardiac complications in PA and (2) the available and potential pharmacological options for the prevention or the treatment of cardiac complications in PA. To select articles, we searched the electronic database PubMed using the Mesh terms "propionic acidemia" OR "propionate" AND "cardiomyopathy" OR "Long QT syndrome". We selected 77 studies, enlightening 12 potential disease-specific or non-disease-specific pathogenetic mechanisms, namely: impaired substrate delivery to TCA cycle and TCA dysfunction, secondary mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction and oxidative stress, coenzyme Q10 deficiency, metabolic reprogramming, carnitine deficiency, cardiac excitation-contraction coupling alteration, genetics, epigenetics, microRNAs, micronutrients deficiencies, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, and increased sympathetic activation. We provide a critical discussion of the related therapeutic options. Current literature supports the involvement of multiple cellular pathways in cardiac complications of PA, indicating the growing complexity of their pathophysiology. Elucidating the mechanisms responsible for such abnormalities is essential to identify therapeutic strategies going beyond the correction of the enzymatic defect rather than engaging the dysregulated mechanisms. Although these approaches are not expected to be resolutive, they may improve the quality of life and slow the disease progression. Available pharmacological options are limited and tested in small cohorts. Indeed, a multicenter approach is mandatory to strengthen the efficacy of therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Maines
- Division of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Michele Moretti
- Division of Cardiology, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitturi
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Gugelmo
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fasan
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Livia Lenzini
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- CIBIO, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, Italy & Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Università degli Studi di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Vincenza Gragnaniello
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Arianna Maiorana
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Soffiati
- Division of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Reference Centre Expanded Newborn Screening, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Franceschi
- Division of Pediatrics, Santa Chiara General Hospital, APSS, 38122 Trento, Italy
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Colletti A, Fratter A, Pellizzato M, Cravotto G. Nutraceutical Approaches to Dyslipidaemia: The Main Formulative Issues Preventing Efficacy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224769. [PMID: 36432457 PMCID: PMC9696395 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the nutraceutical approach to treat dyslipidaemia is increasing in use, and in many cases is used by physicians as the first choice in the treatment of patients with borderline values. Nutraceuticals represent an excellent opportunity to treat the preliminary conditions not yet showing the pathological signs of dyslipidaemia. Their general safety, the patient's confidence, the convincing proof of efficacy and the reasonable costs prompted the market of new preparations. Despite this premise, many nutraceutical products are poorly formulated and do not meet the minimum requirements to ensure efficacy in normalizing blood lipid profiles, promoting cardiovascular protection, and normalizing disorders of glycemic metabolism. In this context, bioaccessibility and bioavailability of the active compounds is a crucial issue. Little attention is paid to the proper formulations needed to improve the overall bioavailability of the active molecules. According to these data, many products prove to be insufficient to ensure full enteric absorption. The present review analysed the literature in the field of nutraceuticals for the treatment of dyslipidemia, focusing on resveratrol, red yeast rice, berberine, and plant sterols, which are among the nutraceuticals with the greatest formulation problems, highlighting bioavailability and the most suitable formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
| | - Andrea Fratter
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35122 Padua, Italy
| | - Marzia Pellizzato
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy
- Italian Society of Nutraceutical Formulators (SIFNut), 31033 Treviso, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-670-7103
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The effects of thiamine supplementation on patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2022; 70:102853. [PMID: 35842069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micronutrients can benefit patients with heart failure (HF). Thiamine is a critical vitamin, while the impact of thiamine supplementation on patients with HF remains unclear. Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the effects of thiamine supplementation on clinical outcomes in patients with HF. METHODS Databases including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and CNKI were searched from inception to June 29th 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing thiamine supplementation with placebo were included. Meta-analysis was conducted with the software Review Manager 5.4. The quality assessment was performed according to Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. RESULTS Eight studies including 384 patients were included in this review. The results of overall systematic review showed no benefit of thiamine supplementation in HF patients. Compared with the control group, the experimental group had no statistically significant improvements in LVEF (Mean Difference, - 0.19; 95 % CI, - 2.78 to 0.96; I2 = 49 %; P = 0.10) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Other outcomes including NYHA class, BNP or NT-proBNP, thiamine status, symptom changes, and quality of life were not improved by thiamine supplementation in CHF patients. Similarly, no improvements in clinical outcomes were found in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) in the studies included. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis found no evidence to support the effects of thiamine supplementation in patients with HF, though thiamine supplementation is promising in improving cardiac functions, thiamine status and relieving HF-related symptoms. More well-designed RCTs with large sample sizes are required.
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Creighton JV, de Souza Gonçalves L, Artioli GG, Tan D, Elliott-Sale KJ, Turner MD, Doig CL, Sale C. Physiological Roles of Carnosine in Myocardial Function and Health. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1914-1929. [PMID: 35689661 PMCID: PMC9526863 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a pleiotropic histidine-containing dipeptide synthesized from β-alanine and l-histidine, with the intact dipeptide and constituent amino acids being available from the diet. The therapeutic application of carnosine in myocardial tissue is promising, with carnosine playing a potentially beneficial role in both healthy and diseased myocardial models. This narrative review discusses the role of carnosine in myocardial function and health, including an overview of the metabolic pathway of carnosine in the myocardial tissue, the roles carnosine may play in the myocardium, and a critical analysis of the literature, focusing on the effect of exogenous carnosine and its precursors on myocardial function. By so doing, we aim to identify current gaps in the literature, thereby identifying considerations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade V Creighton
- Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, Sport, Health, and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Guilherme G Artioli
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Di Tan
- Natural Alternatives International, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Kirsty J Elliott-Sale
- Musculoskeletal Physiology Research Group, Sport, Health, and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, United Kingdom,Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark D Turner
- Centre for Diabetes, Chronic Diseases, and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Craig L Doig
- Centre for Diabetes, Chronic Diseases, and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Bomer N, Pavez-Giani MG, Grote Beverborg N, Cleland JGF, van Veldhuisen DJ, van der Meer P. Micronutrient deficiencies in heart failure: Mitochondrial dysfunction as a common pathophysiological mechanism? J Intern Med 2022; 291:713-731. [PMID: 35137472 PMCID: PMC9303299 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is a devastating clinical syndrome, but current therapies are unable to abolish the disease burden. New strategies to treat or prevent heart failure are urgently needed. Over the past decades, a clear relationship has been established between poor cardiac performance and metabolic perturbations, including deficits in substrate uptake and utilization, reduction in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and excessive reactive oxygen species production. Together, these perturbations result in progressive depletion of cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cardiac energy deprivation. Increasing the delivery of energy substrates (e.g., fatty acids, glucose, ketones) to the mitochondria will be worthless if the mitochondria are unable to turn these energy substrates into fuel. Micronutrients (including coenzyme Q10, zinc, copper, selenium and iron) are required to efficiently convert macronutrients to ATP. However, up to 50% of patients with heart failure are deficient in one or more micronutrients in cross-sectional studies. Micronutrient deficiency has a high impact on mitochondrial energy production and should be considered an additional factor in the heart failure equation, moving our view of the failing myocardium away from an "an engine out of fuel" to "a defective engine on a path to self-destruction." This summary of evidence suggests that supplementation with micronutrients-preferably as a package rather than singly-might be a potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bomer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mario G Pavez-Giani
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Grote Beverborg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John G F Cleland
- Robertson Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,National Heart & Lung Institute, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Fogacci F, Rizzoli E, Giovannini M, Bove M, D’Addato S, Borghi C, Cicero AFG. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Eufortyn ® Colesterolo Plus on Serum Lipids, Endothelial Reactivity, Indexes of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Systemic Inflammation in Healthy Subjects with Polygenic Hypercholesterolemia: The ANEMONE Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:2099. [PMID: 35631240 PMCID: PMC9145013 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate if dietary supplementation with a nutraceutical compound (Eufortyn® Colesterolo Plus) containing standardized bergamot polyphenolic fraction phytosome (Vazguard®), artichoke extract (Pycrinil®), artichoke dry extract. (Cynara scolymus L.), Q10 phytosome(Ubiqosome®) and zinc, could positively affect serum lipids concentration, systemic inflammation and indexes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 60 healthy subjects with polygenic hypercholesterolemia. Participants were adhering to a low-fat, low-sodium Mediterranean diet for a month before being randomly allocated to 8-week treatment with 1 pill each day of either Eufortyn® Colesterolo Plus or placebo. Dietary supplementation with Eufortyn® Colesterolo Plus was associated with significant improvement in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and endothelial reactivity (ER) in comparison with baseline, and with significant reductions in waist circumference, TC, LDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, lipid accumulation product and fatty liver index compared to placebo. The study shows that dietary supplementation with standardized bergamot polyphenolic fraction phytosome, artichoke extracts, Q10 phytosome and zinc safely exerts significant improvements in serum lipids, systemic inflammation, indexes of NAFLD and endothelial reactivity in healthy subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rizzoli
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Giovannini
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilisa Bove
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio D’Addato
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (F.F.); (E.R.); (M.G.); (M.B.); (S.D.); (C.B.)
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola—Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy
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12
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Li X, Lv C, Song J, Li J. Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Metabolic Status in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2021; 8:757673. [PMID: 34957177 PMCID: PMC8692377 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.757673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease accounting for 80% of dementia worldwide. Objective: To assess the influence of probiotics on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies. Results: Six randomized controlled trials involving 462 patients with MCI and AD were included in this meta-analysis. The probiotic administration had favorable effects on homeostasis model assessment–insulin resistance [HOMA-IR; Weighted mean difference (WMD) = −0.34, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): −0.44 to 0.24, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%], very low–density lipoprotein levels (VLDL; WMD = −3.71, 95% CI: −6.11 to −1.32, P=0.002, I2 = 57.7%), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI; WMD = 0.01, 95% CI: 0.00–0.01, P = 0.003, I2 = 51%), and triglyceride levels (WMD = −15.65, 95% CI: −27.48 to −3.83, P = 0.009, I2 = 63.4%) in patients with AD. However, after Hartung-Knapp adjustment, all effects were non-significant except for HOMA-IR (MD = −0.34, 95%CI = −0.58 to −0.11). The changes in the Mini-Mental State Examination, repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status, and other biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid profiles (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde, and total cholesterol) were negligible. Conclusion: The findings suggested that the consumption of probiotics had favorable effects on the HOMA-IR in patients with AD. However, the probiotic treatment did not affect cognitive function, other biomarkers of oxidative stress, and other lipid profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xurui Li
- Department of General Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chang Lv
- Department of Emergency, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinxiao Song
- Department of Emergency, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Department of Emergency, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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13
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Enayati A, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Protective role of nutraceuticals against myocarditis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112242. [PMID: 34953630 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that mostly affects young adults. The disease is commonly caused by viral infection, medications, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory conditions. Nearly 50% of the cases of myocarditis are due to post-viral immune response in a setting of an identifiable or non-identifiable infection. The clinical manifestation is nonspecific ranging from asymptomatic courses to sudden death in infants and young patients. This review describes the properties of phytochemicals as plant-derived active ingredients which can be used in the prevention and treatment of myocarditis and its associated risk factors. Meanwhile, it has illustrated epidemiological analyses, mechanism of action, and the metabolism of phytochemicals in animal and human clinical trials. We also mentioned the precise mechanism of action by which phytochemicals elicit their anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects and how they regulate signal transduction pathways. Nevertheless, comprehensive clinical trials are required to study the properties of phytochemicals in vivo, in vitro, and in silico for a proper management of myocarditis. Our findings indicate that phytochemicals function as potent adjunctive therapeutic drugs in myocarditis and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland.
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Chopra AS, Lordan R, Horbańczuk OK, Atanasov AG, Chopra I, Horbańczuk JO, Jóźwik A, Huang L, Pirgozliev V, Banach M, Battino M, Arkells N. The current use and evolving landscape of nutraceuticals. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106001. [PMID: 34826602 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The nutraceutical market is currently a high-impact multi-billion-dollar industry, and it is anticipated to grow rapidly over the next decade. Nutraceuticals comprise diverse food-derived product categories that have become widespread due to increased consumer awareness of potential health benefits and the need for improved wellness. This targeted review is designed to identify the current global trends, market opportunities, and regulations that drive the nutraceutical industry. Safety and efficacy concerns are also explored with a view to highlighting areas that necessitate further research and oversight. Key drivers of the nutraceutical market include aging populations, consumer awareness, consumer lifestyle, increasing cost of healthcare, and marketing channels. Although some nutraceuticals hold promising preventive and therapeutic opportunities, there is a lack of a universal definition and regulatory framework among countries. Moreover, there is a lack of adequate evidence for their efficacy, safety, and effectiveness, which was even further highlighted during the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Future prospective epidemiological studies can delineate the health impact of nutraceuticals and help set the scientific basis and rationale foundation for clinical trials, reducing the time and cost of trials themselves. Together, an understanding of the key drivers of the nutraceutical market alongside a consistent and well-defined regulatory framework will provide further opportunities for growth, expansion, and segmentation of nutraceuticals applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ronan Lordan
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Olaf K Horbańczuk
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Jarosław O Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Artur Jóźwik
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland
| | - Linfang Huang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, PR China
| | - Vasil Pirgozliev
- National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Harper Adams University, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventative Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
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15
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Bjelakovic B, Stefanutti C, Reiner Ž, Watts GF, Moriarty P, Marais D, Widhalm K, Cohen H, Harada-Shiba M, Banach M. Risk Assessment and Clinical Management of Children and Adolescents with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia. A Position Paper of the Associations of Preventive Pediatrics of Serbia, Mighty Medic and International Lipid Expert Panel. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4930. [PMID: 34768450 PMCID: PMC8585021 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is among the most common genetic metabolic lipid disorders characterised by elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels from birth and a significantly higher risk of developing premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The majority of the current pediatric guidelines for clinical management of children and adolescents with FH does not consider the impact of genetic variations as well as characteristics of vascular phenotype as assessed by recently developed non-invasive imaging techniques. We propose a combined integrated approach of cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment and clinical management of children with FH incorporating current risk assessment profile (LDL-C levels, traditional CV risk factors and familial history) with genetic and non-invasive vascular phenotyping. Based on the existing data on vascular phenotype status, this panel recommends that all children with FH and cIMT ≥0.5 mm should receive lipid lowering therapy irrespective of the presence of CV risk factors, family history and/or LDL-C levels Those children with FH and cIMT ≥0.4 mm should be carefully monitored to initiate lipid lowering management in the most suitable time. Likewise, all genetically confirmed children with FH and LDL-C levels ≥4.1 mmol/L (160 mg/dL), should be treated with lifestyle changes and LLT irrespective of the cIMT, presence of additional RF or family history of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojko Bjelakovic
- Clinic of Pediatrics, Clinical Center, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Claudia Stefanutti
- Extracorporeal Therapeutic Techniques Unit, Lipid Clinic and Atherosclerosis Prevention Centre, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, “Umberto I” Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Diseases, University Hospital Center Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- School of Medicine, Zagreb University, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gerald F. Watts
- Lipid Disorders Clinic, Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia;
| | - Patrick Moriarty
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 66104, USA;
| | - David Marais
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town Health Sciences, 6.33 Falmouth Building, Anzio Rd, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Academic Institute for Clinical Nutrition, Alserstraße 14/4, 3100 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Austria Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hofit Cohen
- The Bert W. Strassburger Lipid Center, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer Israel, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Israel, Tel Aviv 39040, Israel;
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Mariko Harada-Shiba Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-Shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan;
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases in Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, 65-038 Zielona Gora, Poland
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16
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Cardioprotective Effects of Nutraceuticals: Focus on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093184. [PMID: 34579059 PMCID: PMC8471922 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Oppedisano F, Mollace R, Tavernese A, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Macrì R, Carresi C, Maiuolo J, Serra M, Cardamone A, Volterrani M, Mollace V. PUFA Supplementation and Heart Failure: Effects on Fibrosis and Cardiac Remodeling. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092965. [PMID: 34578843 PMCID: PMC8471017 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) characterized by cardiac remodeling is a condition in which inflammation and fibrosis play a key role. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) seems to produce good results. In fact, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and different cardioprotective mechanisms. In particular, following their interaction with the nuclear factor erythropoietin 2 related factor 2 (NRF2), the free fatty acid receptor 4 (Ffar4) receptor, or the G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) fibroblast receptors, they inhibit cardiac fibrosis and protect the heart from HF onset. Furthermore, n-3 PUFAs increase the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), reduce global longitudinal deformation, E/e ratio (early ventricular filling and early mitral annulus velocity), soluble interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 (sST2) and high-sensitive C Reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, and increase flow-mediated dilation. Moreover, lower levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and serum norepinephrine (sNE) are reported and have a positive effect on cardiac hemodynamics. In addition, they reduce cardiac remodeling and inflammation by protecting patients from HF onset after myocardial infarction (MI). The positive effects of PUFA supplementation are associated with treatment duration and a daily dosage of 1–2 g. Therefore, both the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) define dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs as an effective therapy for reducing the risk of hospitalization and death in HF patients. In this review, we seek to highlight the most recent studies related to the effect of PUFA supplementation in HF. For that purpose, a PubMed literature survey was conducted with a focus on various in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials from 2015 to 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.O.); (V.M.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy;
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Serra
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.); (A.T.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (R.M.); (C.C.); (J.M.); (M.S.); (A.C.)
- Nutramed S.c.a.r.l., Complesso Ninì Barbieri, Roccelletta di Borgia, 88021 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.O.); (V.M.)
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Penson PE, Banach M. Nutraceuticals for the Control of Dyslipidaemias in Clinical Practice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092957. [PMID: 34578834 PMCID: PMC8467462 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidaemias result in the deposition of cholesterol and lipids in the walls of blood vessels, chronic inflammation and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, which impede blood flow and (when they rupture) result in acute ischaemic episodes. Whilst recent years have seen enormous success in the reduction of cardiovascular risk using conventional pharmaceuticals, there is increasing interest amongst patients and practitioners in the use of nutraceuticals to combat dyslipidaemias and inflammation in cardiovascular disease. Nutraceutical is a portmanteau term: ‘ceutical’ indicate pharmaceutical-grade preparations, and ‘nutra’ indicates that the products contain nutrients from food. Until relatively recently, little high-quality evidence relating to the safety and efficacy of nutraceuticals has been available to prescribers and policymakers. However, as a result of recent randomised-controlled trials, cohort studies and meta-analyses, this situation is changing, and nutraceuticals are now recommended in several mainstream guidelines relating to dyslipidaemias and atherosclerosis. This article will summarise recent clinical-practice guidance relating to the use of nutraceuticals in this context and the evidence which underlies them. Particular attention is given to position papers and recommendations from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), which has produced several practical and helpful recommendations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Penson
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-42-639-37-71
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Wierzejska RE. Dietary Supplements-For Whom? The Current State of Knowledge about the Health Effects of Selected Supplement Use. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8897. [PMID: 34501487 PMCID: PMC8431076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18178897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplements are products containing nutrients sold in various medicinal forms, and their widespread use may stem from the conviction that a preparation that looks like a drug must have therapeutic properties. The aim of this scoping review is to present what is known about the effects of using selected dietary supplements in the context of chronic diseases, as well as the risks associated with their use. The literature shows that the taking of vitamin and mineral supplements by healthy people neither lowers their risk of cardiovascular diseases nor prevents the development of malignancies. Many scientific societies recognize that omega-3 fatty acids lower blood triglycerides, but whether taking them prevents heart disease is less clear-cut. Taking weight loss supplements is not an effective method of fighting obesity. Often, some supplements are increasingly sold illegally, which is then also associated with the higher risk that they may be adulterated with banned substances, thus making them even more dangerous and potentially life-threatening. Supplements are necessary in cases of nutrient deficiency; however, even though prescription is not required, their use should be recommended and monitored by a physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Ewa Wierzejska
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Value of Food, National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Research Institute, Chocimska St. 24, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
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Stefani GP, Capalonga L, da Silva LR, Heck TG, Frizzo MN, Sulzbacher LM, Sulzbacher MM, de Batista D, Vedovatto S, Bertoni APS, Wink MR, Dal Lago P. Effects of aerobic and resistance exercise training associated with carnosine precursor supplementation on maximal strength and V̇O 2max in rats with heart failure. Life Sci 2021; 282:119816. [PMID: 34273376 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined exercise training (CET) has been associated with positive responses in the clinical status of patients with heart failure (HF). Other nonpharmacological tools, such as amino acid supplementation, may further enhance its adaptation. The aim was to test whether CET associated with supplementing carnosine precursors could present better responses in the functional capacity and biochemical variables of rats with HF. METHODS Twenty-one male Wistar rats were subjected to myocardial infarction and allocated to three groups: sedentary (SED, n = 7), CET supplemented with placebo (CETP, n = 7), and CET with HF supplemented with β-alanine and L-histidine (CETS, n = 7). The trained animals were submitted to a strength protocol three times per week. Aerobic training was conducted twice per week. The supplemented group received β-alanine and L-histidine orally (250 mg/kg per day). RESULTS Maximum oxygen uptake, running distance, time to exhaustion and maximum strength were higher in the CET-P group than that in the SED group and even higher in the CET-S group than that in the CET-P group (P < 0.01). CET-S showed lower oxidative stress and inflammation markers and higher heat shock protein 72 kDa content and mRNA expression for calcium transporters in the skeletal muscle compared to SED. CONCLUSION CET together with β-alanine and L-histidine supplementation in rats with HF can elicit adaptations in both maximum oxygen uptake, running distance, time to exhaustion, maximum strength, oxidative stress, inflammation and mRNA expression. Carnosine may influence beneficial adjustments in the cell stress response in the skeletal muscle and upregulate the mRNA expression of calcium transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Potrick Stefani
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas Capalonga
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas Ribeiro da Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Research Group in Physiology, Graduate Program in Comprehensive Health Care, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Matias Nunes Frizzo
- Research Group in Physiology, Graduate Program in Comprehensive Health Care, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas Machado Sulzbacher
- Research Group in Physiology, Graduate Program in Comprehensive Health Care, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maicon Machado Sulzbacher
- Research Group in Physiology, Graduate Program in Comprehensive Health Care, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diovana de Batista
- Research Group in Physiology, Graduate Program in Comprehensive Health Care, Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Samlai Vedovatto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santin Bertoni
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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21
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Banach M. The International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)-the role of 'optimal' collaboration in the effective diagnosis and treatment of lipid disorders. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:3817-3820. [PMID: 34079998 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Banach
- International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
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22
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Novel Therapeutical Approaches to Managing Atherosclerotic Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094633. [PMID: 33924893 PMCID: PMC8125277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial vascular disease that leads to inflammation and stiffening of the arteries and decreases their elasticity due to the accumulation of calcium, small dense Low Density Lipoproteins (sdLDL), inflammatory cells, and fibrotic material. A review of studies pertaining to cardiometabolic risk factors, lipids alterations, hypolipidemic agents, nutraceuticals, hypoglycaemic drugs, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation was performed. There are several therapeutic strategies including Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, inclisiran, bempedoic acid, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), and nutraceuticals that promise improvement in the atheromatous plaque from a molecular point of view, because have actions on the exposure of the LDL-Receptor (LDL-R), on endothelial dysfunction, activation of macrophages, on lipid oxidation, formations on foam cells, and deposition extracellular lipids. Atheroma plaque reduction both as a result of LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) intensive lowering and reducing inflammation and other residual risk factors is an integral part of the management of atherosclerotic disease, and the use of valid therapeutic alternatives appear to be appealing avenues to solving the problem.
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23
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Fontaine F, Legallois D, Créveuil C, Chtourou M, Coulbault L, Milliez P, Hodzic A, Saloux E, Beygui F, Allouche S. Is plasma concentration of coenzyme Q10 a predictive marker for left ventricular remodelling after revascularization for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction? Ann Clin Biochem 2021; 58:327-334. [PMID: 33622041 DOI: 10.1177/00045632211001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular remodelling that frequently occurs after acute myocardial infarction is associated with an increased risk of heart failure and cardiovascular death. Although several risk factors have been identified, there is still no marker in clinical use to predict left ventricular remodelling. Plasma concentration of coenzyme Q10, which plays a key role in mitochondrial energy production and as an antioxidant, seems to be negatively correlated with left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE The goal of our study was to determine whether the plasma coenzyme Q10 baseline concentrations at time of the ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could predict left ventricular remodelling at six months' follow-up. METHODS Sixty-eight patients who were admitted to hospital for STEMI and successfully revascularized with primary percutaneous coronary intervention were recruited. All patients underwent a 3D-echocardiography examination within the first four days after percutaneous coronary intervention and six months later then divided into two groups based on the presence or not of left ventricular remodelling. Plasma coenzyme Q10 concentration at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS While we found similar plasma coenzyme Q10 concentrations compared with other studies, no association was evidenced between coenzyme Q10 concentrations and left ventricular remodelling (P = 0.89). CONCLUSION We found no evidence for using plasma coenzyme Q10 concentration as an early prediction marker of left ventricular remodelling after STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Fontaine
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Damien Legallois
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Christian Créveuil
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Mohamed Chtourou
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Coulbault
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Paul Milliez
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Amir Hodzic
- Department of Clinical Physiology, INSERM Comete, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Eric Saloux
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Farzin Beygui
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Stéphane Allouche
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
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Salmani M, Alipoor E, Navid H, Farahbakhsh P, Yaseri M, Imani H. Effect of l-arginine on cardiac reverse remodeling and quality of life in patients with heart failure. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:3037-3044. [PMID: 33610421 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Heart failure (HF), as a major cardiac disease, is associated with considerable mortality, morbidities and poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of l-arginine supplementation on cardiac outcomes and quality of life in patients with ischemic HF. METHODS This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 50 patients with ischemic HF. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 3 gr/d l-arginine or placebo, for 10 weeks. Cardiac function (based on echocardiography and six-minute walk test), blood pressure, and quality of life (based on the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire) were assessed. RESULTS The results showed significant improvements in ejection fraction (-6.5 ± 8.7 vs. -0.7 ± 7.8%, P = 0.037), left ventricular function (P = 0.043), diastolic dysfunction (P = 0.01) and marginally improvement in changes of left ventricular dimension during diastole (LVDd) (4 ± 6 vs. 0.3 ± 6.9 mm, P = 0.065) in the l-arginine compared to the placebo group. At the end of the study, physical aspect (5.7 ± 3.3 vs. 1.2 ± 6.1, P = 0.002) and total score (10 ± 6.7 vs. 4.1 ± 9.4, P = 0.011) of quality of life improved significantly in the l-arginine compared with the placebo group. Additionally, pre-to post-values of diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, LVDd, LV ejection fraction, left ventricular function, diastolic dysfunction as well as physical and total scores of quality of life improved significantly within the intervention, but not the placebo, group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed that 3 gr/d l-arginine supplementation for 10 weeks could improve cardiac recovery and function, and quality of life in patients with HF. This study was registered at the Iranian Clinical Trial Registration Center (www.irct.ir) with IRCT20170202032367N4 code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Salmani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Alipoor
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Navid
- Department of Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Farahbakhsh
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Imani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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25
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Tognola C, Alessandro M, Milani M, Cartella I, Tavecchia G, Grasso E, Sun J, Giannattasio C. Nutraceuticals in Chronic Coronary Syndromes: Preclinical Data and Translational Experiences. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2021; 28:13-25. [PMID: 33125662 PMCID: PMC7864844 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-020-00416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmacological treatments have always been considered important in the management of Chronic Coronary Syndromes. Nutraceuticals ("Nutrition" + "Pharmaceutical") could fall both under the definition of non-pharmacological treatment and pharmacological one or, probably more correctly, in the middle of these two kinds of therapies. However, the word "nutraceuticals" never appears in the latest guidelines on this issue. This is probably determined by the fact that evidences on this topic are scarce and most of the published articles are based on preclinical data while translational experiences are available only for some molecules. In this review we will focus on nutraceutical strategies that act on the ischemic myocardium itself and not only on the cardiovascular risk factors. As demonstrated by the important number of papers published in recent years, this is an evolving topic and evaluated substances principally act on two mechanisms (cardiac energetics and ischemia-reperfusion damage) that will be also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Tognola
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Maloberti Alessandro
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy.
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Martina Milani
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Iside Cartella
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tavecchia
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Enzo Grasso
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Jinwey Sun
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Giannattasio
- Cardiologia IV, Dipartimento A. De Gasperis, Ospedale Niguarda Ca' Granda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20159, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Milan, Italy
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Sachinidis AG, Nikolic D, Stoian AP, Toth PP, Rizzo M. Nutraceuticals and Lipid Management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-56514-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Tavakoli R, Tabeshpour J, Asili J, Shakeri A, Sahebkar A. Cardioprotective Effects of Natural Products via the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 19:525-541. [PMID: 33155913 DOI: 10.2174/1570161119999201103191242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to its poor regenerative capacity, the heart is specifically vulnerable to xenobiotic- induced cardiotoxicity, myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury and other pathologies. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is considered as an essential factor in protecting cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress resulting from free radicals and reactive oxygen species. It also serves as a key regulator of antioxidant enzyme expression via the antioxidant response element, a cis-regulatory element, which is found in the promoter region of several genes encoding detoxification enzymes and cytoprotective proteins. It has been reported that a variety of natural products are capable of activating Nrf2 expression, and in this way, increase the antioxidant potential of cardiomyocytes. In the present review, we consider the cardioprotective activities of natural products and their possible therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Tavakoli
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshid Tabeshpour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Damghan Bransh, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Javad Asili
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shakeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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The effect of nutraceuticals on multiple signaling pathways in cardiac fibrosis injury and repair. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 27:321-336. [PMID: 32495263 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-09980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is one of the most common pathological conditions caused by different heart diseases, including myocardial infarction and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Cardiac fibrosis is caused by different processes, including inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress. The process of fibrosis begins by changing the balance between production and destruction of extracellular matrix components and stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts. Many studies have focused on finding drugs with less adverse effects for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Some studies show that nutraceuticals are effective in preventing and treating diseases, including cardiovascular disease, and that they can reduce the risk. However, big clinical studies to prove the therapeutic properties of all these substances and their adverse effects are lacking so far. Therefore, in this review, we tried to summarize the knowledge on pathways and mechanisms of several nutraceuticals which have shown their usefulness in the prevention of cardiac fibrosis.
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