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Baeken C, Xu Y, Wu GR, Dockx R, Peremans K, De Raedt R. Hostility in medication-resistant major depression and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder is related to increased hippocampal-amygdala 5-HT 2A receptor density. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:1369-1378. [PMID: 33904978 PMCID: PMC8429407 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01243-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) are severe and difficult-to-treat psychiatric illnesses with high rates of comorbidity. Although both disorders are treated with serotonergic based psychotropic agents, little is known on the influence of the serotonergic neurotransmitter system on the occurrence of comorbid GAD when clinically depressed. To investigate this poorly understood clinical question, we examined the involvement of frontolimbic post-synaptic 5-HT2A receptors in 20 medication-resistant depressed (MRD) patients with half of them diagnosed with comorbid GAD with 123I-5-I-R91150 SPECT. To explore whether 5-HT2A receptor-binding indices (BI) associated with comorbid GAD could be related to distinct psychopathological symptoms, all were assessed with the symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). MRD patients with comorbid GAD displayed significantly higher 5-HT2A receptor BI in the hippocampal-amygdala complex, compared to MRD patients without GAD. Correlation analyses revealed that the 5-HT2A receptor BI in these areas were significantly related to the SCL-90-R subscale hostility (HOS), especially for those MRD patients with comorbid GAD. Comorbid MRD-GAD may be characterized with increased hippocampal-amygdala 5-HT2A receptor BI which could represent enhanced levels in hostility in such kinds of patients. Adapted psychotherapeutic interventions may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Baeken
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.8767.e0000 0001 2290 8069Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZBrussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium ,grid.6852.90000 0004 0398 8763Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Guo-Rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Robrecht Dockx
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Kathelijne Peremans
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Rudi De Raedt
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Eszlari N, Petschner P, Gonda X, Baksa D, Elliott R, Anderson IM, Deakin JFW, Bagdy G, Juhasz G. Childhood Adversity Moderates the Effects of HTR2A Epigenetic Regulatory Polymorphisms on Rumination. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:394. [PMID: 31258491 PMCID: PMC6588047 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The serotonin system has been suggested to moderate the association between childhood maltreatment and rumination, with the latter in its turn reported to be a mediator in the depressogenic effect of childhood maltreatment. Therefore, we investigated whether the associations of two epigenetic regulatory polymorphisms in the HTR2A serotonin receptor gene with Ruminative Responses Scale rumination and its two subtypes, brooding and reflection, are moderated by childhood adversity (derived from the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) among 1,501 European white adults. We tested post hoc whether the significant associations are due to depression. We also tested the replicability of the significant results within the two subsamples of Budapest and Manchester. We revealed two significant models: both the association of methylation site rs6311 with rumination and that of miRNA binding site rs3125 (supposed to bind miR-1270, miR-1304, miR-202, miR-539 and miR-620) with brooding were a function of childhood adversity, and both interaction findings were significantly present both in the never-depressed and in the ever-depressed group. Moreover, the association of rs3125 with brooding could be replicated across the separate subsamples, and remained significant even when controlling for lifetime depression and the Brief Symptom Inventory depression score. These findings indicate the crucial importance of involving stress factors when considering endophenotypes and suggest that brooding is a more promising endophenotype than a broader measure of rumination. Transdiagnostic relevance of the brooding endophenotype and the potential of targeting epigenetic regulatory polymorphisms of HTR2A in primary and secondary prevention of depression and possibly of other disorders are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Eszlari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Petschner
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Xenia Gonda
- NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kutvolgyi Clinical Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel Baksa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,SE-NAP 2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Muir Anderson
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - John Francis William Deakin
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,SE-NAP 2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) may be effective in reducing symptoms in the majority of patients. The study of moderators and predictors of treatment response may help clinicians both to select appropriate interventions to maximize the probability of response and to inform the general prognosis. METHODS A systematic literature search of electronic databases, selected authors, and reference lists was used to identify articles that reported trials of drug monotherapy in GAD. Data on predictors and moderators were extracted. Quality of evidence was determined by the presence of a priori hypotheses, number of variables investigated, adequate quality of the measurement, and use of interaction-effects testing. RESULTS From the 98 articles meeting inclusion criteria, 24 reported a total of 22 factors associated with treatment response. The reported results were heterogeneous, ranging over sociodemographic, clinical, comorbidity, genetic, and functional-imaging studies. Major depressive symptoms were found to moderate treatment outcome in favor of antidepressants versus benzodiazepines. Neuroticism, previous treatment, genetic polymorphisms (including serotonin receptor gene 2A), and functional activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala were identified as potential predictors of treatment response. CONCLUSIONS Correlates of poor emotion regulation predicted poor treatment response, but subclinical depression was the only variable capable of informing treatment selection in this review. Future research should focus on further exploring the value of depression as a moderator and on a narrower list of potential genetic, brain-imaging, and temperament predictors of response to pharmacotherapy in GAD.
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Fabbri C, Hosak L, Mössner R, Giegling I, Mandelli L, Bellivier F, Claes S, Collier DA, Corrales A, Delisi LE, Gallo C, Gill M, Kennedy JL, Leboyer M, Lisoway A, Maier W, Marquez M, Massat I, Mors O, Muglia P, Nöthen MM, O'Donovan MC, Ospina-Duque J, Propping P, Shi Y, St Clair D, Thibaut F, Cichon S, Mendlewicz J, Rujescu D, Serretti A. Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Genetics: Genetics, epigenetics and gene expression markers of major depressive disorder and antidepressant response. World J Biol Psychiatry 2017; 18:5-28. [PMID: 27603714 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1208843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heritable disease with a heavy personal and socio-economic burden. Antidepressants of different classes are prescribed to treat MDD, but reliable and reproducible markers of efficacy are not available for clinical use. Further complicating treatment, the diagnosis of MDD is not guided by objective criteria, resulting in the risk of under- or overtreatment. A number of markers of MDD and antidepressant response have been investigated at the genetic, epigenetic, gene expression and protein levels. Polymorphisms in genes involved in antidepressant metabolism (cytochrome P450 isoenzymes), antidepressant transport (ABCB1), glucocorticoid signalling (FKBP5) and serotonin neurotransmission (SLC6A4 and HTR2A) were among those included in the first pharmacogenetic assays that have been tested for clinical applicability. The results of these investigations were encouraging when examining patient-outcome improvement. Furthermore, a nine-serum biomarker panel (including BDNF, cortisol and soluble TNF-α receptor type II) showed good sensitivity and specificity in differentiating between MDD and healthy controls. These first diagnostic and response-predictive tests for MDD provided a source of optimism for future clinical applications. However, such findings should be considered very carefully because their benefit/cost ratio and clinical indications were not clearly demonstrated. Future tests may include combinations of different types of biomarkers and be specific for MDD subtypes or pathological dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fabbri
- a Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Ladislav Hosak
- b Department of Psychiatrics , Charles University, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Hradec Králové , Czech Republic
| | - Rainald Mössner
- c Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany
| | - Ina Giegling
- d Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Laura Mandelli
- a Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - Frank Bellivier
- e Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France AP-HP , GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal, Pôle Neurosciences , Paris , France
| | - Stephan Claes
- f GRASP-Research Group, Department of Neuroscience , University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - David A Collier
- g Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre , Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Alejo Corrales
- h National University (UNT) Argentina, Argentinean Association of Biological Psychiatry , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Lynn E Delisi
- i VA Boston Health Care System , Brockton , MA , USA
| | - Carla Gallo
- j Departamento de Ciencias Celulares y Moleculares, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía , Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia , Lima , Peru
| | - Michael Gill
- k Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Department of Psychiatry , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - James L Kennedy
- l Neurogenetics Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Marion Leboyer
- m Faculté de Médecine , Université Paris-Est Créteil, Inserm U955, Equipe Psychiatrie Translationnelle , Créteil , France
| | - Amanda Lisoway
- l Neurogenetics Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- n Department of Psychiatry , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Miguel Marquez
- o Director of ADINEU (Asistencia, Docencia e Investigación en Neurociencia) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Isabelle Massat
- p UNI - ULB Neurosciences Institute, ULB , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - Ole Mors
- q Department P , Aarhus University Hospital , Risskov , Denmark
| | | | - Markus M Nöthen
- s Institute of Human Genetics , University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- t MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics , Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , UK
| | - Jorge Ospina-Duque
- u Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia , Medellín , Colombia
| | | | - Yongyong Shi
- w Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - David St Clair
- x University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences , Aberdeen , UK
| | - Florence Thibaut
- y University Hospital Cochin (Site Tarnier), University Sorbonne Paris Cité (Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes), INSERM U 894 Centre Psychiatry and Neurosciences , Paris , France
| | - Sven Cichon
- z Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine , University of Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Julien Mendlewicz
- aa Laboratoire de Psychologie Medicale, Centre Européen de Psychologie Medicale , Université Libre de Bruxelles and Psy Pluriel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Dan Rujescu
- d Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics , Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- a Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
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Meier IM, Bos PA, Hamilton K, Stein DJ, van Honk J, Malcolm-Smith S. Naltrexone increases negatively-valenced facial responses to happy faces in female participants. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2016; 74:65-68. [PMID: 27588701 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Positive social cues, like happy facial expressions, activate the brain's reward system and indicate interest in social affiliation. Facial mimicry of emotions, which is the predominantly automatic and unconscious imitation of another person's facial expression, has been shown to promote social affiliation. It has been demonstrated repeatedly that the opioid system is vital to social affiliation in rodents, but there is less evidence in humans. We investigated whether a 50mg administration of naltrexone, an opioid antagonist with highest affinity for the mu-opioid system, modulates emotional mimicry. A passive viewing task with dynamic facial expressions was used in a randomized placebo controlled between-subjects design. Mimicry was measured with electromyography (EMG) on three facial muscles, the corrugator supercilii and the depressor jaw muscle, associated with negatively-valenced emotions, and the zygomaticus major, which is activated during smiling. The results demonstrate an increase of negatively-valenced facial responses (corrugator and depressor) to happy facial expressions after naltrexone compared to placebo, consistent with lowered interest in social interaction or affiliation. Our findings provide evidence for a role of the opioid system in modulating automatic behavioral responses to cues of reward and social interaction, and translate to rodent models of the mu-opioid system and social affiliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell M Meier
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter A Bos
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katie Hamilton
- Applied Cognitive Science and Experimental Neuropsychology Team, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jack van Honk
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Groote Schuur Hospital, MRC Unit on Anxiety & Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Susan Malcolm-Smith
- Applied Cognitive Science and Experimental Neuropsychology Team, Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Abstract
Background:5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (5-HT2A) participates in diverse psychiatric disorders by regulating the activity of serotonin. Some previous studies have also suggested that the receptor is involved in cognitive abilities of disease groups. We hypothesize that some functional genetic variants in 5-HT2A have certain specific influences on cognitive abilities in a normal population.Method:To confirm this hypothesis, two polymorphisms (rs6313 and rs4941573) in 5-HT2A were selected, and a population-based study was performed in a young healthy Chinese Han cohort.Results:The results indicated that the rs6313 and rs4941573 were associated with touching blocks and mental rotation-3D error ratio in males, and the rs4941573 was associated with visuo-spatial working memory in the whole cohort.Conclusion:All the findings suggest that 5-HT2A participates in human spatial cognitive abilities and spatial working memory.
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Tan J, Chen S, Su L, Long J, Xie J, Shen T, Jiang J, Gu L. Association of the T102C polymorphism in the HTR2A gene with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2014; 165B:438-55. [PMID: 24962835 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A number of studies have assessed a relationship between the T102C polymorphism in the HTR2A gene with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BPD), and schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the results have been inconsistent. Hence, we performed this study to further evaluate potential associations between the T102C polymorphism and MDD, BPD, and SCZ. The strength of separate associations between the T102C polymorphism and the risk of MDD, BPD, or SCZ was measured by ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in six genetic models. Cochran's chi-square-based Q-statistic and I(2) were used to evaluate the heterogeneity between studies. The funnel plot and the Egger's test were used to assess the publication bias. Cumulative meta-analysis was also performed to evaluate the trend in OR over time. No significant association was found in the overall analysis of MDD, BPD and SCZ with a sample size of 17,178 cases and 20,855 control subjects. In a further analysis by ethnicity, the OR and 95% CIs indicated the T102C polymorphism was not associated with MDD, BPD, or SCZ in Caucasian, Asian or Chinese populations. No publication bias was observed in the meta-analysis, and the cumulative analyses indicated the robust stability of the results. Thus, the results of our study indicate that the T102C polymorphism is not associates with increased susceptibility to MDD, BPD, and SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Tan
- Department of Internal Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Baeken C, Bossuyt A, De Raedt R. Dorsal prefrontal cortical serotonin 2A receptor binding indices are differentially related to individual scores on harm avoidance. Psychiatry Res 2014; 221:162-8. [PMID: 24412555 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Although the serotonergic system has been implicated in healthy as well as in pathological emotional states, knowledge about its involvement in personality is limited. Earlier research on this topic suggests that post-synaptic 5-HT2A receptors could be involved in particular in frontal cortical areas. In drug-naïve healthy individuals, we examined the relationship between these 5-HT2A receptors and the temperament dimension harm avoidance (HA) using 123I-5-I-R91150 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). HA is a personality feature closely related to stress, anxiety and depression proneness, and it is thought to be mediated by the serotonergic system. We focused on the prefrontal cortices as these regions are frequently implicated in cognitive processes related to a variety of affective disorders. We found a positive relationship between dorsal prefrontal cortical (DPFC) 5-HT2A receptor binding indices (BI) and individual HA scores. Further, our results suggest that those individuals with a tendency to worry or to ruminate are particularly prone to display significantly higher 5-HT2A receptor BI in the left DPFC. Although we only examined psychologically healthy individuals, this relationship suggests a possible vulnerability for affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital UZBrussel, Brussels, Belgium; Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Axel Bossuyt
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital UZBrussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rudi De Raedt
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Couch Y, Martin CJ, Howarth C, Raley J, Khrapitchev AA, Stratford M, Sharp T, Sibson NR, Anthony DC. Systemic inflammation alters central 5-HT function as determined by pharmacological MRI. Neuroimage 2013; 75:177-186. [PMID: 23473937 PMCID: PMC4004801 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicates a link between systemic inflammation and central 5-HT function. This study used pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) to study the effects of systemic inflammatory events on central 5-HT function. Changes in blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast were detected in selected brain regions of anaesthetised rats in response to intravenous administration of the 5-HT-releasing agent, fenfluramine (10 mg/kg). Further groups of rats were pre-treated with the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 0.5 mg/kg), to induce systemic inflammation, or the selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL100907 prior to fenfluramine. The resultant phMRI data were investigated further through measurements of cortical 5-HT release (microdialysis), and vascular responsivity, as well as a more thorough investigation of the role of the 5-HT2A receptor in sickness behaviour. Fenfluramine evoked a positive BOLD response in the motor cortex (+15.9±2%) and a negative BOLD response in the dorsal raphe nucleus (-9.9±4.2%) and nucleus accumbens (-7.7±5.3%). In all regions, BOLD responses to fenfluramine were significantly attenuated by pre-treatment with LPS (p<0.0001), but neurovascular coupling remained intact, and fenfluramine-evoked 5-HT release was not affected. However, increased expression of the 5-HT2A receptor mRNA and decreased 5-HT2A-dependent behaviour (wet-dog shakes) was a feature of the LPS treatment and may underpin the altered phMRI signal. MDL100907 (0.5 mg/kg), 5-HT2A antagonist, significantly reduced the BOLD responses to fenfluramine in all three regions (p<0.0001) in a similar manner to LPS. Together these results suggest that systemic inflammation decreases brain 5-HT activity as assessed by phMRI. However, these effects do not appear to be mediated by changes in 5-HT release, but are associated with changes in 5-HT2A-receptor-mediated downstream signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Couch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK; CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Chris J Martin
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Clare Howarth
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Josie Raley
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Alexandre A Khrapitchev
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Michael Stratford
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Trevor Sharp
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Nicola R Sibson
- CR-UK/MRC Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK.
| | - Daniel C Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK
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Naumenko VS, Tsybko AS, Bazovkina DV, Popova NK. Involvement of 5-HT2A receptors in genetic mechanisms of autoregulation of brain 5-HT system. Mol Biol 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893312020100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Gong P, Zhang F, Ge W, Lei X, Chi W, Zhang K, Zheng A, Gao X. Association analysis of TPH2, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT6 with executive function in a young Chinese Han population. J Neurogenet 2011; 25:27-34. [PMID: 21457069 DOI: 10.3109/01677063.2011.569804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system is widely distributed in the central nervous system. A growing body of evidence has suggested that the neurotransmitter system is implicated in the functions of the prefrontal cortex. So far, several studies have revealed that some functional genetic variants in TPH2, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT6 genes are possibly related to executive function. To investigate the potential influences of TPH2, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT6 on the components of executive function, the authors performed a population-based study with standard cognitive paradigms in a young Chinese Han group. The results indicated that -703 G/T polymorphism of TPH2 was associated with the performance of response inhibition (p = .002) and the T allele carriers (TT and GT) had fewer errors than the noncarriers (GG) did in the response inhibition test. Furthermore, there were no significant associations of the T102C in 5-HT2A and T267C in 5-HT6 with the components of executive function after correcting for multiple tests (p > .05). The present study suggests that TPH2 contributes distinctively to the inhibition domain of executive function, whereas 5-HT2A and 5-HT6 show no striking effects on executive function in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, Institute of Population and Health, Xi'an, China
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Lee TTY, Redila VA, Hill MN, Gorzalka BB. 5-HT2A receptor mediated neuronal activation within the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is desensitized following prolonged glucocorticoid treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 602:54-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Benedetti F, Barbini B, Bernasconi A, Fulgosi MC, Colombo C, Dallaspezia S, Gavinelli C, Marino E, Pirovano A, Radaelli D, Smeraldi E. Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor gene variants influence antidepressant response to repeated total sleep deprivation in bipolar depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008; 32:1863-6. [PMID: 18801406 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 08/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
5-HT2A receptor density in prefrontal cortex was associated with depression and suicide. 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorphism rs6313 was associated with 5-HT2A receptor binding potential, with the ability of individuals to use environmental support in order to prevent depression, and with sleep improvement after antidepressant treatment with mirtazapine. Studies on response to antidepressant drugs gave inconsistent results. Here we studied the effect of rs6313 on response to repeated total sleep deprivation (TSD) in 80 bipolar depressed inpatients treated with three consecutive TSD cycles (each one made of 36 h awake followed by a night of undisturbed sleep). All genotype groups showed comparable acute effects of the first TSD, but patients homozygotes for the T variant had better perceived and observed benefits from treatment than carriers of the C allele. These effects became significant after the first recovery night and during the following days, leading to a 36% higher final response rate (Hamilton depression rating<8). The higher density of postsynaptic excitatory 5-HT2A receptors in T/T homozygotes could have led to higher behavioural effects of increased 5-HT neurotransmission due to repeated TSD. Other possible mechanisms involve allostatic/homeostatic adaptation to sleep loss, and a different effect of the allele variants on epigenetic influences. Results confirm the interest for individual gene variants of the serotonin pathway in shaping clinical characteristics of depression and antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Benedetti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute and University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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Benmessaoud D, Hamdani N, Boni C, Ramoz N, Hamon M, Kacha F, Gorwood P. Excess of transmission of the G allele of the -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A receptor gene in patients with schizophrenia responsive to antipsychotics. BMC Psychiatry 2008; 8:40. [PMID: 18513383 PMCID: PMC2426688 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-8-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A gene has been found to be associated with clinical response to clozapine and other second generation antipsychotics. Testing the impact of this marker on response to first generation antipsychotics (which have a lower affinity for the 5-HT2A receptor) provides the opportunity to help disentangling the two different roles that this polymorphism might have. A psychopharmacogenetic role should be detected only for antipsychotics with high affinity to the 5-HT2A receptor (therefore to second generation antipsychotics). An alternative role would imply tagging a subgroup of patients responsive to any antipsychotic, whatever their affinity, meaning that the association is more depending on non pharmacological charaterictics, such as clinical specificities. METHODS A family-based sample of 100 Algerian patients with schizophrenia (according to DSM-IV criteria) and their 200 biological parents was recruited, in order to avoid stratification biases. Patients were all treated, or have been treated, by conventional antipsychotics (mainly haloperidol) for at least four weeks, at appropriate dosage. May and Dencker scale was used to distinguish responders and non responders. RESULTS No allele of the -1438A/G polymorphism of the 5-HT2A gene was transmitted in excess (50 transmitted for 38 untransmitted) in the whole sample of patients with schizophrenia (p = .90). In contrast, a significant excess of transmission of the G allele was observed (p = .02) in the subgroup of patients with good treatment response (17 transmitted for 6 untransmitted). CONCLUSION Using a TDT approach, we showed that the G allele of the -1438A/G polymorphism of the gene coding for the 5-HT2A receptor was associated to schizophrenia with good response to conventional antipsychotics, although this conclusion is based on 88 informative patients only. Because previous data showed the same result with atypical antipsychotics, it can be concluded that the G allele tags a subgroup of schizophrenic patients with greater chance of improvement with antipsychotics of either type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Benmessaoud
- Etablissement Hospitalier Spécialisé Psychiatrique M. Boucebci. Cheraga, Alger, Algeria.
| | - Nora Hamdani
- INSERM U675, Faculty of Medicine Bichat (IFR02), 16 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France,AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier (Paris VII), service de psychiatrie, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Claudette Boni
- AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier (Paris VII), service de psychiatrie, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Nicolas Ramoz
- AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier (Paris VII), service de psychiatrie, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Michel Hamon
- UMR 677 INSERM/UMPC, Neuropsychopharmacologie, IFR70 des Neurosciences, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Farid Kacha
- Etablissement Hospitalier Spécialisé Psychiatrique M. Boucebci. Cheraga, Alger, Algeria
| | - Philip Gorwood
- INSERM U675, Faculty of Medicine Bichat (IFR02), 16 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France,AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier (Paris VII), service de psychiatrie, 178 rue des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes, France
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Soria-Fregozo C, Pérez-Vega MI, González-Burgos I, Feria-Velasco A, Beas-Zárate C. Prefrontal serotonergic denervation induces increase in the density of 5-HT2A receptors in adult rat prefrontal cortex. Neurochem Res 2008; 33:2350-7. [PMID: 18496752 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-008-9740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 5-HTergic system and particularly 5-HT(2A) receptors have been involved in prefrontal cognitive functions, but the underlying mechanisms by which the serotonin (5-HT) system modulates these processes are still unclear. In this work, the effects of prefrontal 5-HTergic denervation on the density and expression levels of 5-HT(2A) receptors were evaluated by immunohistochemical and molecular biology studies in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The [(3)H]-Ketanserin binding study revealed an increase in the B(max), along with no change in the binding affinity (K(D)) for 5-HT(2A) receptors. The increase in PFC of 5-HT(2A) receptor density in response to denervation was accompanied by increase in 5-HT(2A) receptor mRNA and protein levels. This increase in the number of 5-HT(2A) receptors may be interpreted as an adaptive plastic change, i.e., hypersensitivity; resulting from the selective pharmacological lesion of the raphe-proceeding 5-HTergic fibers to the PFC. Based on previous evidence, this could be strongly related to the abnormal expression of short-term memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Soria-Fregozo
- Laboratorio de Psicobiología, Centro Universitario de los Lagos, Universidad de Guadalajara (U. de G.), Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco, Mexico
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Holmes A. Genetic variation in cortico-amygdala serotonin function and risk for stress-related disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2008; 32:1293-314. [PMID: 18439676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin system is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology and therapeutic alleviation of stress-related disorders such as anxiety and depression. Serotonergic modulation of the acute response to stress and the adaptation to chronic stress is mediated by a myriad of molecules controlling serotonin neuron development (Pet-1), synthesis (tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and 2 isozymes), packaging (vesicular monoamine transporter 2), actions at presynaptic and postsynaptic receptors (5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT3A, 5-HT4, 5-HT5A, 5-HT6, 5-HT7), reuptake (serotonin transporter), and degradation (monoamine oxidase A). A growing body of evidence from preclinical rodents models, and especially genetically modified mice and inbred mouse strains, has provided significant insight into how genetic variation in these molecules can affect the development and function of a key neural circuit between the dorsal raphe nucleus, medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala. By extension, such variation is hypothesized to have a major influence on individual differences in the stress response and risk for stress-related disease in humans. The current article provides an update on this rapidly evolving field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Holmes
- Section on Behavioral Science and Genetics, Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, NIH, 5625 Fishers Lane Room 2N09, Rockville, MD 20852-9411, USA.
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Abstract
A range of studies have contributed to understanding the psychobiology of emotional regulation. Functional imaging studies have demonstrated that cortico-limbic circuitry plays an important role in mediating processes such as reappraisal and suppression. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may be important in conscious reframing, while ventromedial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex may be particularly important in emotion evaluation. Gene variants and early environments impact underlying emotional regulation and its neurobiology. It may be hypothesized that during interventions such as psychotherapy there are improvements in emotional regulation, together with the normalization of related psychobiological mechanisms.
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Witthöft M, Rist F, Bailer J. Evidence for a specific link between the personality trait of absorption and idiopathic environmental intolerance. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2008; 71:795-802. [PMID: 18569578 DOI: 10.1080/15287390801985687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Absorption as a personality trait refers to the predisposition to get deeply immersed in sensory (e.g., smells, sounds, pictures) or mystical experiences, that is, to experience altered states of consciousness. Absorption is markedly related to constructs openness to experiences, hypnotic suggestibility, imagination, and dissociation. Although absorption was hypothesized to be a risk factor for medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), the construct has yet not been investigated in individually suffering from idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI), formerly better known as multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). IEI is a complex condition marked by MUS, which patients attribute to various chemical substances that are typically detectable by their odor (e.g., exhaust emissions, cigarette smoke). The current study investigated whether IEI was related to the personality trait of absorption. In a longitudinal study, 54 subjects with IEI were compared to 44 subjects with a somatoform disorder (SFD), but without IEI, and 54 subjects with neither SFD nor IEI (control group, CG). Self-report measures of somatic symptoms, severity of IEI, and level of absorption were collected both at a first examination and 32 mo later. On both assessments, subjects with IEI and individuals with SFD reported similar highly elevated levels of MUS, compared to CG. In contrast to SFD, IEI was specifically related to elevated absorption scores. IEI was specifically associated with a tendency to experience self-altering states of consciousness. Since absorption is related to both openness to unusual experiences and elevated imaginative involvement, absorption might contribute to IEI via two routes by (1) enhancing the susceptibility for IEI-specific convictions and (2) fostering classical conditioning processes of MUS via enhanced cognitive-imaginative representations of assumed IEI triggers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Witthöft
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Passamonti L, Cerasa A, Gioia MC, Magariello A, Muglia M, Quattrone A, Fera F. Genetically dependent modulation of serotonergic inactivation in the human prefrontal cortex. Neuroimage 2007; 40:1264-73. [PMID: 18261931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research suggests that genetic variations regulating serotonergic neurotransmission mediate individual differences in the neural network underlying impulsive and aggressive behaviour. Although with conflicting findings, the monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) and the serotonin transporter (5HTT) gene polymorphisms have been associated with an increased risk to develop impulsive and aggressive behaviour. Double knock-out mice studies have also demonstrated that MAOA and 5HTT genes strongly interact in the metabolic pathway leading to the serotonergic inactivation; however, their potential interactive effect in human brain remains uninvestigated. We used blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess the independent and interactive effects of both MAOA and 5HTT polymorphisms on the brain activity elicited by a response inhibition task in healthy volunteers. Multivariate analysis demonstrated an individual effect of both MAOA and 5HTT polymorphisms and a strong allele-allele interaction in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a key region implicated in cognitive control and in the pathophysiology of impulsive and aggressive behaviour. These findings suggest that the MAOAx5HTT allelic interaction exerts a significant modulation on the BOLD response associated with response inhibition and contribute to validate haplotype models as useful tools for a better understanding of the neurobiology underlying complex cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Passamonti
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, Piano Lago di Mangone, Cosenza, 87050, Italy
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