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Lichev V, Sacher J, Ihme K, Rosenberg N, Quirin M, Lepsien J, Pampel A, Rufer M, Grabe HJ, Kugel H, Kersting A, Villringer A, Lane RD, Suslow T. Automatic emotion processing as a function of trait emotional awareness: an fMRI study. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:680-9. [PMID: 25140051 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether reflective awareness of emotions is related to extent and intensity of implicit affective reactions. This study is the first to investigate automatic brain reactivity to emotional stimuli as a function of trait emotional awareness. To assess emotional awareness the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS) was administered. During scanning, masked happy, angry, fearful and neutral facial expressions were presented to 46 healthy subjects, who had to rate the fit between artificial and emotional words. The rating procedure allowed assessment of shifts in implicit affectivity due to emotion faces. Trait emotional awareness was associated with increased activation in the primary somatosensory cortex, inferior parietal lobule, anterior cingulate gyrus, middle frontal and cerebellar areas, thalamus, putamen and amygdala in response to masked happy faces. LEAS correlated positively with shifts in implicit affect caused by masked happy faces. According to our findings, people with high emotional awareness show stronger affective reactivity and more activation in brain areas involved in emotion processing and simulation during the perception of masked happy facial expression than people with low emotional awareness. High emotional awareness appears to be characterized by an enhanced positive affective resonance to others at an automatic processing level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Lichev
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Sacher
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klas Ihme
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nicole Rosenberg
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Quirin
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jöran Lepsien
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - André Pampel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Rufer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Harald Kugel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anette Kersting
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Richard D Lane
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Suslow
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Clinic of Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, HELIOS Hospital, Stralsund, Germany, Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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