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Sousa S, de Morais IL, Albuquerque G, Gelormini M, Filipović-Hadžiomeragić A, Stojisavljevic D, Damasceno A, Moreira P, Breda J, Lunet N, Padrão P. Street Food and Takeaway Food Purchasing Patterns in Bosnia and Herzegovina. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159086. [PMID: 35897456 PMCID: PMC9330047 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe street food and takeaway food purchasing patterns in Sarajevo and Banja Luka, throughout the day and by city location. A cross-sectional evaluation of street food and takeaway food customers was conducted in 2017. All eligible vending sites (n = 348) in the vicinity of selected markets and bus stops were included. Data on the food items purchased, and time and geographic location of the purchases were collected. A total of 755 customers purchased 929 food items. Takeaway venues showed higher customer influx (5.0 vs. 2.0 customers observed per 10 min of observation, p < 0.001) and buying rates (6.7 vs. 2.0 items bought per 10 min of observation, p < 0.001; 1.5 vs. 1.0 items bought per customer, p < 0.001) than street food sites. These rates were higher in city peripheries for street food venues, and in city centres for takeaway establishments. The purchase of industrial food products prevailed throughout the day in street food venues, whereas most takeaway purchases comprised homemade foods, with or without industrial beverages. The proportion of customers buying foods and beverages together was higher in takeaway venues (15.3% vs. 6.0%, p < 0.001), especially during lunchtime and in city centres. In street food vending sites, sweet and savoury snacks seemed to be preferred in the afternoon, whereas in takeaway food establishments, savoury pastries and main dishes were mostly purchased at breakfast or lunch, and bread during the morning. Soft drinks and industrial juices were frequently purchased in both types of vending site and at all hours of the day, particularly in the afternoon. Our findings provide an overview of street food and takeaway food buying habits and consumer demands in these cities, reflecting local food culture and dietary behaviours. The identification of the meal contexts and city sub-regions in which specific purchasing practices emerge point to potential priority targets. These insights can be useful when designing interventions adapted to the specificities of these food environments and the food habits of customers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Sousa
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (G.A.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Lança de Morais
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Programme, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life-Course, World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (I.L.d.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Gabriela Albuquerque
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (G.A.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcello Gelormini
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Programme, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life-Course, World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (I.L.d.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Aida Filipović-Hadžiomeragić
- Public Health Institute of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tahtali Sokak 17, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Dragana Stojisavljevic
- Public Health Institute of the Republika Srpska, Jovana Dučića 1, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 14 Save Mrkalja, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Albertino Damasceno
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (G.A.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Avenida Salvador Allende 702, Maputo 1100, Mozambique
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (G.A.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Breda
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, 10675 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nuno Lunet
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (G.A.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (S.S.); (G.A.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (N.L.)
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225074320; Fax: +351-225074329
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Sousa S, Lança de Morais I, Albuquerque G, Gelormini M, Casal S, Pinho O, Motta C, Damasceno A, Moreira P, Breda J, Lunet N, Padrão P. Patterns of Street Food Purchase in Cities From Central Asia. Front Nutr 2022; 9:925771. [PMID: 35811986 PMCID: PMC9263728 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.925771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Street food makes a significant contribution to the diet of many dwellers in low- and middle-income countries and its trade is a well-developed activity in the central Asian region. However, data on its purchase and nutritional value is still scarce. This study aimed to describe street food purchasing patterns in central Asia, according to time and place of purchase. A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016/2017 in the main urban areas of four central Asian countries: Dushanbe (Tajikistan), Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan), Ashgabat (Turkmenistan) and Almaty (Kazakhstan). Street food markets (n = 34) and vending sites (n = 390) were selected by random and systematic sampling procedures. Data on the purchased foods and beverages were collected by direct observation. Time and geographic location of the purchases was registered, and their nutritional composition was estimated. A total of 714 customers, who bought 852 foods, were observed. Customers' influx, buying rate and purchase of industrial food were higher in city centers compared to the outskirts (median: 4.0 vs. 2.0 customers/10 min, p < 0.001; 5.0 vs. 2.0 food items/10 min, p < 0.001; 36.2 vs. 28.7%, p = 0.004). Tea, coffee, bread and savory pastries were most frequently purchased in the early morning, bread, main dishes and savory pastries during lunchtime, and industrial products in the mid-morning and mid-afternoon periods. Energy and macronutrient density was highest at 11:00–12:00 and lowest at 09:00–10:00. Purchases were smaller but more energy-dense in city centers, and higher in saturated and trans-fat in the peripheries. This work provides an overview of the street food buying habits in these cities, which in turn reflect local food culture. These findings from the main urban areas of four low- and middle-income countries which are currently under nutrition transition can be useful when designing public health interventions customized to the specificities of these food environments and their customers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Sousa
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Lança de Morais
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Programme, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life-Course, World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gabriela Albuquerque
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcello Gelormini
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Programme, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life-Course, World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana Casal
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olívia Pinho
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Motta
- Departamento de Alimentação e Nutrição, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Albertino Damasceno
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Breda
- WHO Regional Office for Europe, Athens, Greece
| | - Nuno Lunet
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Patrícia Padrão
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Jia M, Zhen L, Xiao Y. Changing Food Consumption and Nutrition Intake in Kazakhstan. Nutrients 2022; 14:326. [PMID: 35057506 PMCID: PMC8778289 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Food resource is an important bond that connects human beings and nature. In this study, we investigated the changes in food consumption and nutrition intake in Kazakhstan from a spatial and temporal perspective, from 2001 to 2018. The data were obtained from the Bureau of Statistics, international organizations and our social interview work. After the start of the 21st century, it was found that per capita food consumption significantly increased; however, the consumption of crop, vegetables and milk decreased. Per capita meat consumption was similar in both urban and rural areas. However, some food consumption showed differences between urban and rural areas. Changes of food consumption quantity and structure also had some effects on nutrient intake and the proportion of nutrients. Per capita energy intake in the national, urban and rural areas all increased remarkably. The energy intake changes in eastern states increased much more than that in western states. Protein intake in rural and urban areas was similar; however, the gap between carbohydrates and fat intake in urban and rural areas increased. The intake of protein, carbohydrates and fat in different states showed the same trend. Food consumption and nutrition intake are affected by economic, social and ecological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Jia
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A11 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; (M.J.); (Y.X.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, No. 19, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Zhen
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A11 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; (M.J.); (Y.X.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, No. 19, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, A11 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China; (M.J.); (Y.X.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, No. 19, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
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Westbury S, Ghosh I, Jones HM, Mensah D, Samuel F, Irache A, Azhar N, Al-Khudairy L, Iqbal R, Oyebode O. The influence of the urban food environment on diet, nutrition and health outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2021-006358. [PMID: 34635553 PMCID: PMC8506857 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diet and nutrition are leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Our study aimed to identify and synthesise evidence on the association between food environment characteristics and diet, nutrition and health outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), relevant to urban settings, to support development and implementation of appropriate interventions. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of 9 databases from 1 January 2000 to 16 September 2020 with no language restrictions. We included original peer-reviewed observational studies, intervention studies or natural experiments conducted in at least one urban LMIC setting and reporting a quantitative association between a characteristic of the food environment and a diet, nutrition or health outcome. Study selection was done independently in duplicate. Data extraction and quality appraisal using the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute checklists were completed based on published reports using a prepiloted form on Covidence. Data were synthesised narratively. Results 74 studies met eligibility criteria. Consistent evidence reported an association between availability characteristics in the neighbourhood food environment and dietary behaviour (14 studies, 10 rated as good quality), while the balance of evidence suggested an association with health or nutrition outcomes (17 of 24 relevant studies). We also found a balance of evidence that accessibility to food in the neighbourhood environment was associated with diet (10 of 11 studies) although evidence of an association with health outcomes was contradictory. Evidence on other neighbourhood food environment characteristics was sparse and mixed. Availability in the school food environment was also found to be associated with relevant outcomes. Studies investigating our other primary outcomes in observational studies of the school food environment were sparse, but most interventional studies were situated in schools. We found very little evidence on how workplace and home food environments are associated with relevant outcomes. This is a substantial evidence gap. Conclusion ‘Zoning’ or ‘healthy food cart’ interventions to alter food availability may be appropriate in urban LMIC. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020207475.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah Westbury
- School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Iman Ghosh
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Daniel Mensah
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Folake Samuel
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Ana Irache
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Nida Azhar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | | | - Romaina Iqbal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
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Albuquerque G, Gelormini M, de Morais IL, Sousa S, Casal S, Pinho O, Moreira P, Breda J, Lunet N, Padrão P. Street food in Eastern Europe: a perspective from an urban environment in Moldova. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:1093-1101. [PMID: 32513318 PMCID: PMC7547890 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520002020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Street food is popular in Eastern Europe, but its diversity and nutritional value are unknown. This study aimed to characterise the street food environment in Chişinău, Moldova, including the vending sites and vendors, food availability and nutritional composition of foods and beverages. All street food vending sites (single point of sale) located in a 1-km buffer centred on the main public market were systematically selected (n 439; n 328 participants). Data on vending sites' characteristics (mobility, type of physical set-up and access to electricity), operating periods and food availability were collected. Samples of the most commonly available foods of unknown composition were collected (twenty-eight home-made and twenty-four industrial). Macronutrients, Na and K were quantified through chemical analysis. Fruits, beverages and food other than fruits were available in 2·5, 74·3 and 80·8 % of the vending sites, respectively. Among the latter, 66·4 % sold only industrial foods (e.g. pretzels, biscuits, wafers, chocolate and ice cream), 21·5 % only home-made (e.g. savoury and sweet pastries) and 12·1 % both. Home-made foods presented larger serving sizes and energy/serving (median kJ/serving: 1312·5 v. 670·3, P = 0·022); industrial foods were more energy-dense (median kJ/100 g: 1797·0 v. 1269·8, P = 0·002). High SFA, trans-fat and Na contents were found, reaching 10·9 g/serving, 1·4 g/serving and 773·7 mg/serving, respectively. Soft drinks and alcoholic beverages were available in 80·7 and 42·0 % of the vending sites selling beverages, respectively. Concluding, industrial snacks and home-made pastries high in Na and unhealthy fat were frequent in Chişinău. Prevention of diet-related diseases in Moldova may benefit from the improvement of the nutritional profile of street food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Albuquerque
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcello Gelormini
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Programme, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inês Lança de Morais
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity Programme, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life-Course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, UN City, Marmorvej 51, 2100Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sofia Sousa
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Casal
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV/REQUIMTE), Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olívia Pinho
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV/REQUIMTE), Laboratório de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua D. Manuel II, Apartado 55142, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465Porto, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 4200-450Porto, Portugal
| | - João Breda
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Leontyevsky Pereulok, 125009Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nuno Lunet
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465Porto, Portugal
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Albuquerque G, Lança de Morais I, Gelormini M, Sousa S, Casal S, Pinho O, Moreira P, Breda J, Lunet N, Padrão P. Macronutrient composition of street food in Central Asia: Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5309-5320. [PMID: 33133534 PMCID: PMC7590326 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban areas in central Asia are currently undergoing nutrition transition. Street food is very popular, but the specific foods available and their nutritional composition are unknown. The aim was to describe the availability and macronutrient composition of street foods in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. RESULTS Trained interviewers collected data on street food vending sites' characteristics and food availability (n = 596). Samples of the most commonly available foods and drinks were collected (n = 80 homemade; n = 40 industrial). Macronutrients were quantified through chemical analysis. Fruit, beverages, and food other than fruit were available in 4.0%, 61.7%, and 81.0% of the vending sites, respectively. Among those selling food other than fruit, 56.5% sold only homemade (e.g., bread, main dishes, snacks, pastries, sandwiches, and cakes), 23.3% both homemade and industrial and 20.2% only industrial foods (e.g., bread, snacks, pastries, cakes, and cookies). Homemade foods presented the highest energy/serving (median kcal/serving: 357 versus 145, p < .001). A high content in saturated and trans-fatty acids was observed in some homemade traditional dishes and snacks, reaching, respectively, 30.2 g/serving and 2.9 g/serving (in homemade manty, a traditional dish). Tea and soft drinks were available in over 50% of the vending sites selling beverages. CONCLUSION The high availability of street food in Bishkek highlights its importance for this urban population. Traditional snacks, dishes, and beverages coexist with more westernized products. The variability in energy, macronutrients, and lipid profile of homemade and industrial products reflects heterogeneous culinary practices and ingredients. Policies promoting the availability of healthy foods and ingredients should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Inês Lança de Morais
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life‐CourseWorld Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for EuropeCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Marcello Gelormini
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Life‐CourseWorld Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for EuropeCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sofia Sousa
- EPIUnit ‐ Instituto de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Susana Casal
- EPIUnit ‐ Instituto de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTELaboratório de Bromatologia e HidrologiaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Olívia Pinho
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTELaboratório de Bromatologia e HidrologiaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- EPIUnit ‐ Instituto de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Centro de Investigação em Atividade FísicaSaúde e LazerUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - João Breda
- WHO European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable DiseasesWHO Regional Office for EuropeMoscowRussian Federation
| | - Nuno Lunet
- EPIUnit ‐ Instituto de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação MédicaFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- EPIUnit ‐ Instituto de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal
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Distribution characteristics of circulating homocysteine and folate and related factors in agriculture, stock-raising and urban populations: a cross-sectional survey. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:1001-1008. [PMID: 32482200 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019004841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate homocysteine (Hcy) and folate levels, prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) and folate deficiency, which are affected by lifestyles in urban, agricultural and stock-raising populations. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. SETTING Urban, agricultural and stock-raising regions in Emin, China. PARTICIPANTS Totally 1926 subjects - 885 (45·9 %) from urban, 861 (44·7 %) from agricultural and 180 (9·4 %) from stock-raising regions - were obtained using multistage stratified random sampling. Inclusion criteria encompassed inhabitants aged ≥15 years who resided at the current address for ≥6 months and agreed to participate in the study. Surveys on health behaviour questionnaires and physical examinations were conducted and blood samples collected. RESULTS The folate level of subjects from the stock-raising region was the lowest, followed by those from the agricultural region, and the highest in those from the urban region (3·48 v. 6·50 v. 7·12 ng/ml, P < 0·001), whereas mean Hcy showed no significant difference across regions. The OR for HHcy in stock-raising regions was 1·90 (95 % CI 1·11, 3·27) compared with the urban region after adjusting for all possible covariates. The OR for folate deficiency in stock-raising and agriculture regions was 11·51 (95 % CI 7·09, 18·67) and 1·91 (95 % CI 1·30, 2·82), respectively, compared with the urban region after adjusting for all possible covariates. CONCLUSIONS HHcy and folate deficiency are highly prevalent in stock-raisers, which is of important reference for HHcy control in Xinjiang, with a possibility of extension to others with approximate lifestyles.
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Carbonneau E, Lamarche B, Lafrenière J, Robitaille J, Provencher V, Desroches S, Corneau L, Lemieux S. Are French Canadians able to accurately self-rate the quality of their diet? Insights from the PREDISE study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:293-300. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to compare self-rated diet quality with a more comprehensive score of diet quality and to assess the ability of self-rated diet quality to predict adherence to healthy eating guidelines. This study also aimed to evaluate the influence of individual characteristics on the association between self-rated diet quality and the overall diet quality score. As part of the PRédicteurs Individuels, Sociaux et Environnementaux (PREDISE) study, 1045 participants (51% women) from the Province of Québec, Canada, self-rated their diet quality (“In general, would you say that your dietary habits are excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?”). Three Web-based 24-h food recalls were completed, generating data for the calculation of the Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) score, an overall diet quality indicator. Participants rated their diet quality as excellent (2.4%), very good (22.7%), good (49.5%), fair (20.3%), or poor (5.1%). C-HEI scores differed significantly between diet ratings, in the expected direction (p < 0.0001). Self-rated diet quality predicted adherence to healthy eating guidelines (i.e., C-HEI > 68) with a sensitivity of 44.5% and a specificity of 81.5% (C-statistic = 0.63). Sex significantly modified the association between self-rated diet quality and C-HEI score (p interaction = 0.0131); women had higher C-HEI scores than did men in the “good” and “fair” ratings. Self-rated diet quality can be useful in obtaining an overview of the diet quality of a population, but the results of this study suggest that such data should be used with caution given their poor ability to predict adherence to healthy eating guidelines. Individual characteristics may influence one’s ability to appropriately self-evaluate diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Carbonneau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jacynthe Lafrenière
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Véronique Provencher
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Sophie Desroches
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Louise Corneau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Effects of Multivitamin, Multimineral and Phytonutrient Supplementation on Nutrient Status and Biomarkers of Heart Health Risk in a Russian Population: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020120. [PMID: 29370120 PMCID: PMC5852696 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this clinical study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary multivitamin, multimineral and phytonutrient (VMP) supplement on blood nutrient status and biomarkers of heart health risk in a Russian population. One hundred twenty healthy adults (40-70 years) were recruited for a 56-day (eight-week) randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study with parallel design. Subjects were divided into two groups and received either a VMP or a placebo (PLA) supplement. Blood nutrient levels of β-carotene, α-tocopherol, vitamin C, B6, B12, red blood cell (RBC) folate, Zinc and Selenium were measured at baseline and on Days 28 and 56, and quercetin was measured at baseline and on Day 56. Blood biomarkers of heart health, i.e. homocysteine (Hcy), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), uric acid and blood lipid profile, were measured at baseline and Day 56. Dietary VMP supplementation for 56 days significantly increased circulating levels of quercetin, vitamin C, RBC folate and partially prevented the decline in vitamin B6 and B12 status. Both serum Hcy and GGT were significantly reduced (-3.97 ± 10.09 µmol/L; -1.68 ± 14.53 U/L, respectively) after VMP supplementation compared to baseline. Dietary VMP supplementation improved the nutrient status and reduced biomarkers of heart health risk in a Russian population.
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Kontsevaya A, Bobrova N, Barbarash O, Duplyakov D, Efanov A, Galyavich A, Frants M, Khaisheva L, Malorodova T, Mirolyubova O, Nedbaikin A, Osipova I, Platonov D, Posnenkova OI, Syromiatnikova L, Bates K, Leon DA, McKee M. The management of acute myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation: protocol for a study of patient pathways. Wellcome Open Res 2017; 2:89. [PMID: 29774243 PMCID: PMC5930545 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12478.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Death rates from cardiovascular disease in Russia are among the highest in the world. In recent years, the Russian government has invested substantially in the healthcare system, with a particular focus on improving access to advanced technology, especially for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This protocol describes a study to understand the management of AMI in different Russian regions, investigating the role of patient, clinical, and health system characteristics. Methods: A prospective observational study has recruited a representative sample of AMI patients within 16 hospitals from 13 regions across Russia. Criteria for inclusion are being aged 35-70 years with a confirmed diagnosis of AMI and surviving until the day after admission. Information being collected includes health system contacts and features of clinical management prior to the event and in the 12 months following discharge from hospital. Following initial exploration of the data to generate hypotheses, multivariate analyses will be applied to assess the role of these characteristics in both treatment decisions and any delays in time critical interventions. Between June 2015 and August 2016, 1,122 patients have been recruited at baseline and follow-up to 12 months post-discharge is scheduled to be completed by autumn 2017. The study is unique in examining patient factors, clinical management prior to admission and in hospital in the acute phase and throughout the critical first year of recovery across a diverse range of geographies and facilities. It uses standardized instruments to collect data from patients and health care providers and includes regions that are diverse in terms of geography and development of cardiology capacity. However, given the limited health services research capacity in the Russian Federation, it was not possible to obtain a sample that was truly nationally representative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kontsevaya
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Olga Barbarash
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Duplyakov
- Samara Regional Cardiology Dispensary, Samara, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Efanov
- Tyumen Scientific Practical Center, Tyumen, Russian Federation
| | - Albert Galyavich
- Cardiology Department, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Frants
- Department of Outpatient Cardiology, District Clinical Hospital, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russian Federation
| | - Larisa Khaisheva
- Department of Therapy of The Faculty Of Advanced Training And Professional Retraining, Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana Malorodova
- Department of Pharmacology, Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Mirolyubova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Nedbaikin
- Bryansk Regional Cardiology Hospital, Bryansk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Osipova
- Faculty Therapy Department, State Educational Institution, Altay State Medical University, Barnaul, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Platonov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tver State Medical University, Tver, Russian Federation
| | - OIga Posnenkova
- Department of Novel Cardiology Information Technologies, Saratov State Medical University n.a. V.I. Razumovsky, Saratov, Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila Syromiatnikova
- Regional Vascular Center of State Autonomous Institution of Perm Region, Clinic Hospital №4, Perm, Russian Federation
| | - Katie Bates
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - David A Leon
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Martin McKee
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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11
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Kontsevaya A, Bobrova N, Barbarash O, Duplyakov D, Efanov A, Galyavich A, Frants M, Khaisheva L, Malorodova T, Mirolyubova O, Nedbaikin A, Osipova I, Platonov D, Posnenkova OI, Syromiatnikova L, Bates K, Leon DA, McKee M. The management of acute myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation: protocol for a study of patient pathways. Wellcome Open Res 2017. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12478.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Death rates from cardiovascular disease in Russia are among the highest in the world. In recent years, the Russian government has invested substantially in the healthcare system, with a particular focus on improving access to advanced technology, especially for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This protocol describes a study to understand the management of AMI in different Russian regions, investigating the role of patient, clinical, and health system characteristics. Methods: A prospective observational study has recruited a representative sample of AMI patients from 16 hospitals in 13 regions across Russia. Criteria for inclusion are being aged 35-70 years with a confirmed diagnosis of AMI and surviving until the day after admission. Information being collected includes health system contacts and features of clinical management prior to the event and in the 12 months following discharge from hospital. Following initial exploration of the data to generate hypotheses, multilevel modelling will be applied to assess the role of these characteristics in both treatment decisions and any delays in time critical interventions. Between June 2015 and August 2016, 1,122 patients have been recruited at baseline and follow-up to 12 months post-discharge is scheduled to be completed by autumn 2017. The study is unique in examining patient factors, clinical management prior to admission and in hospital in the acute phase and throughout the critical first year of recovery across a diverse range of geographies and facilities. It uses standardized instruments to collect data from patients and health care providers and includes regions that are diverse in terms of geography and development of cardiology capacity. However, given the limited health services research capacity in the Russian Federation, it was not possible to obtain a sample that was truly nationally representative.
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Supiyev A, Nurgozhin T, Zhumadilov Z, Peasey A, Hubacek JA, Bobak M. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of dyslipidemia in older persons in urban and rural population in the Astana region, Kazakhstan. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:651. [PMID: 28800751 PMCID: PMC5553733 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite high cardiovascular mortality in Central Asian republics of the former Soviet Union, there is limited information about major risk factors, including blood lipids. We investigated the prevalence of impaired concentrations of blood lipids, the awareness, treatment and control of hypercholesterolemia, and factors associated with these indicators in urban and rural populations in Kazakhstan. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of random urban and rural population samples (the state capital Astana and Akmol village). Men and women aged 50-74 years were examined; a total of 954 adults participated (response rate 59%). Serum concentrations of total, LDL and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides and a range of other cardiovascular risk factors were measured. RESULTS The overall prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥6.2 mmol/l) was 37%; among subjects with hypercholesterolemia, 57% were aware of their condition, 41% took medication and 23% had total cholesterol <6.2 mmol/l (4.5% <5 mmol/l). The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypercholesterolemia were all higher in the urban than the rural area. Similarly, the proportions of subjects with impaired concentrations of specific lipids fractions were also considerably higher in the urban population. Most associations with other covariates were in the expected direction. CONCLUSIONS This study found relatively high prevalence of dyslipidemia in the Kazakh population, and the blood lipid profile was less favourable in the urban area. These pronounced urban-rural differences may be related to urbanization, the associated nutrition transition and to access to health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Supiyev
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1–19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, Center for Life Sciences, PI National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave. 53, Astana, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Talgat Nurgozhin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, Center for Life Sciences, PI National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave. 53, Astana, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Zhaxybay Zhumadilov
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, Center for Life Sciences, PI National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave. 53, Astana, Kazakhstan 010000
| | - Anne Peasey
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1–19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Jaroslav A. Hubacek
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958/9, 14021 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bobak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1–19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Goryakin Y, Rocco L, Suhrcke M. The contribution of urbanization to non-communicable diseases: Evidence from 173 countries from 1980 to 2008. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2017; 26:151-163. [PMID: 28410489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is widely believed that the expanding burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in no small part the result of major macro-level determinants. We use a large amount of new data, to explore in particular the role played by urbanization - the process of the population shifting from rural to urban areas within countries - in affecting four important drivers of NCDs world-wide: diabetes prevalence, as well as average body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol level and systolic blood pressure. Urbanization is seen by many as a double-edged sword: while its beneficial economic effects are widely acknowledged, it is commonly alleged to produce adverse side effects for NCD-related health outcomes. In this paper we submit this hypothesis to extensive empirical scrutiny, covering a global set of countries from 1980-2008, and applying a range of estimation procedures. Our results indicate that urbanization appears to have contributed to an increase in average BMI and cholesterol levels: the implied difference in average total cholesterol between the most and the least urbanized countries is 0.40mmol/L, while people living in the least urbanized countries are also expected to have an up to 2.3kg/m2 lower BMI than in the most urbanized ones. Moreover, the least urbanized countries are expected to have an up to 3.2p.p. lower prevalence of diabetes among women. This association is also much stronger in the low and middle-income countries, and is likely to be mediated by energy intake-related variables, such as calorie and fat supply per capita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeniy Goryakin
- The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France.
| | - Lorenzo Rocco
- Department of Economics and Management, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marc Suhrcke
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the evidence of the impact of new food store (supermarket/grocery store) interventions on selected health-related outcomes. DESIGN A systematic review following the Effective Public Health Practice Project guidelines. All quantitative studies were assessed for their methodological quality. Results were synthesized narratively. SETTING Eight electronic databases - MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ProQuest Public Health, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library - were searched to identify relevant records. SUBJECTS Peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles on new grocery store/supermarket interventions with adult study populations, published in the English language after 1995. RESULTS Eleven records representing seven new grocery store interventions were identified. Six were assessed having 'weak' methodological quality, one as 'moderate' and two as 'strong'. All studies reported fruit and vegetable consumption but results were not consistent, some studies reporting significantly more and others no increase in consumption. BMI and self-rated health did not show significant improvements. Perceptions of food access, neighbourhood satisfaction and psychological health showed significant improvements. CONCLUSIONS Improved food access through establishment of a full-service food retailer, by itself, does not show strong evidence towards enhancing health-related outcomes over short durations. Presently the field is developing and the complex linking pathways/mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Further evidence, in the form of high-quality research in different communities with longer follow-up periods, is needed to inform policy decisions.
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Prescott SL, Logan AC. Transforming Life: A Broad View of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Concept from an Ecological Justice Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13111075. [PMID: 27827896 PMCID: PMC5129285 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13111075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The influential scientist Rene J. Dubos (1901–1982) conducted groundbreaking studies concerning early-life environmental exposures (e.g., diet, social interactions, commensal microbiota, housing conditions) and adult disease. However, Dubos looked beyond the scientific focus on disease, arguing that “mere survival is not enough”. He defined mental health as fulfilling human potential, and expressed concerns about urbanization occurring in tandem with disappearing access to natural environments (and elements found within them); thus modernity could interfere with health via “missing exposures”. With the advantage of emerging research involving green space, the microbiome, biodiversity and positive psychology, we discuss ecological justice in the dysbiosphere and the forces—financial inequity, voids in public policy, marketing and otherwise—that interfere with the fundamental rights of children to thrive in a healthy urban ecosystem and learn respect for the natural environment. We emphasize health within the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) rubric and suggest that greater focus on positive exposures might uncover mechanisms of resiliency that contribute to maximizing human potential. We will entrain our perspective to socioeconomic disadvantage in developed nations and what we have described as “grey space”; this is a mental as much as a physical environment, a space that serves to insidiously reinforce unhealthy behavior, compromise positive psychological outlook and, ultimately, trans-generational health. It is a dwelling place that cannot be fixed with encephalobiotics or the drug-class known as psychobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan L Prescott
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009, Australia.
- School of Paediatrics and Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, P.O. Box D184, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth 6001, Australia.
| | - Alan C Logan
- International Inflammation (in-FLAME) Network, Worldwide Universities Network (WUN), 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009, Australia.
- PathLight Synergy, 23679 Calabassas Road, Suite 542, Calabassas, CA 91302, USA.
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Logan AC. Dysbiotic drift: mental health, environmental grey space, and microbiota. J Physiol Anthropol 2015; 34:23. [PMID: 25947328 PMCID: PMC4438628 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-015-0061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in research concerning the mental health implications of dietary patterns and select nutrients have been remarkable. At the same time, there have been rapid increases in the understanding of the ways in which non-pathogenic microbes can potentially influence many aspects of human health, including those in the mental realm. Discussions of nutrition and microbiota are often overlapping. A separate, yet equally connected, avenue of research is that related to natural (for example, green space) and built environments, and in particular, how they are connected to human cognition and behaviors. It is argued here that in Western industrial nations a ‘disparity of microbiota’ might be expected among the socioeconomically disadvantaged, those whom face more profound environmental forces. Many of the environmental forces pushing against the vulnerable are at the neighborhood level. Matching the developing microbiome research with existing environmental justice research suggests that grey space may promote dysbiosis by default. In addition, the influence of Westernized lifestyle patterns, and the marketing forces that drive unhealthy behaviors in deprived communities, might allow dysbiosis to be the norm rather than the exception in those already at high risk of depression, subthreshold (subsyndromal) conditions, and subpar mental health. If microbiota are indeed at the intersection of nutrition, environmental health, and lifestyle medicine (as these avenues pertain to mental health), then perhaps the rapidly evolving gut-brain-microbiota conversation needs to operate through a wider lens. In contrast to the more narrowly defined psychobiotic, the term eco-psychotropic is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan C Logan
- CAMNR, 23679 Calabasas Road Suite 542, Calabasas, CA, 91302, USA.
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