1
|
Vázquez-León P, Miranda-Páez A, Valencia-Flores K, Sánchez-Castillo H. Defensive and Emotional Behavior Modulation by Serotonin in the Periaqueductal Gray. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 43:1453-1468. [PMID: 35902460 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a key neurotransmitter for the modulation and/or regulation of numerous physiological processes and psychiatric disorders (e.g., behaviors related to anxiety, pain, aggressiveness, etc.). The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) is considered an integrating center for active and passive defensive behaviors, and electrical stimulation of this area has been shown to evoke behavioral responses of panic, fight-flight, freezing, among others. The serotonergic activity in PAG is influenced by the activation of other brain areas such as the medial hypothalamus, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, amygdala, dorsal raphe nucleus, and ventrolateral orbital cortex. In addition, activation of other receptors within PAG (i.e., CB1, Oxytocin, µ-opioid receptor (MOR), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA)) promotes serotonin release. Therefore, this review aims to document evidence suggesting that the PAG-evoked behavioral responses of anxiety, panic, fear, analgesia, and aggression are influenced by the activation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C receptors and their participation in the treatment of various mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Vázquez-León
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Psychology School. 1er Piso Edif. B. Cub B001, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3000, Colonia Copilco Universidad. Alcaldía de Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abraham Miranda-Páez
- Department of Physiology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Wilfrido Massieu esq. Manuel Stampa S/N Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, CP:07738, Mexico
| | - Kenji Valencia-Flores
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Psychology School. 1er Piso Edif. B. Cub B001, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3000, Colonia Copilco Universidad. Alcaldía de Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Sánchez-Castillo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Psychology School. 1er Piso Edif. B. Cub B001, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Avenida Universidad 3000, Colonia Copilco Universidad. Alcaldía de Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Research Unit of Psychobiology and Neurosciences (UIPyN), Psychology School, UNAM, CDMX Mexico, CP 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Association of plasma tryptophan concentration with periaqueductal gray matter functional connectivity in migraine patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:739. [PMID: 35031640 PMCID: PMC8760301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) functional connectivity contributes to brain hyperexcitability in migraine. Although tryptophan modulates neurotransmission in PAG projections through its metabolic pathways, the effect of plasma tryptophan on PAG functional connectivity (PAG-FC) in migraine has not been investigated yet. In this study, using a matched case-control design PAG-FC was measured during a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging session in migraine without aura patients (n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 27), and its relationship with plasma tryptophan concentration (TRP) was assessed. In addition, correlations of PAG-FC with age at migraine onset, migraine frequency, trait-anxiety and depressive symptoms were tested and the effect of TRP on these correlations was explored. Our results demonstrated that migraineurs had higher TRP compared to controls. In addition, altered PAG-FC in regions responsible for fear-cascade and pain modulation correlated with TRP only in migraineurs. There was no significant correlation in controls. It suggests increased sensitivity to TRP in migraine patients compared to controls. Trait-anxiety and depressive symptoms correlated with PAG-FC in migraine patients, and these correlations were modulated by TRP in regions responsible for emotional aspects of pain processing, but TRP did not interfere with processes that contribute to migraine attack generation or attack frequency.
Collapse
|
3
|
Batistela MF, Vilela-Costa HH, Frias AT, Hernandes PM, Lovick TA, Zangrossi H. Enhanced responsiveness to hypoxic panicogenic challenge in female rats in late diestrus is suppressed by short-term, low-dose fluoxetine: Involvement of the dorsal raphe nucleus and the dorsal periaqueductal gray. J Psychopharmacol 2021; 35:1523-1535. [PMID: 34872406 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211058986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute hypoxia, which is panicogenic in humans, also evokes panic-like behavior in male rats. Panic disorder is more common in women and susceptibility increases during the premenstrual phase of the cycle. AIMS We here investigated for the first time the impact of hypoxia on the expression of panic-like escape behavior by female rats and its relationship with the estrous cycle. We also evaluated functional activation of the midbrain panic circuitry in response to this panicogenic stimulus and whether short-term, low-dose fluoxetine treatment inhibits the hyper-responsiveness of females in late diestrus. METHODS Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 7% O2. Females in late diestrus were also tested after short-term treatment with fluoxetine (1.75 or 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Brains were harvested and processed for c-Fos and tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DR). RESULTS Acute hypoxia evoked escape in both sexes. Overall, females were more responsive than males and this is clearer in late diestrus phase. In both sexes, hypoxia induced functional activation (c-Fos expression) in non-serotonergic cells in the lateral wings of the DR and dorsomedial PAG, which was greater in late diestrus than proestrus (lowest behavioral response to hypoxia). Increased responding in late diestrus (behavioral and cellular levels) was prevented by 1.75, but not 10 mg/kg fluoxetine. DISCUSSION The response of female rats to acute hypoxia models panic behavior in women. Low-dose fluoxetine administered in the premenstrual phase deserves further attention for management of panic disorders in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus F Batistela
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heloísa H Vilela-Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alana T Frias
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paloma M Hernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thelma A Lovick
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Helio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Maraschin JC, Frias AT, Hernandes PM, Batistela MF, Martinez LM, Joca SRL, Graeff FG, Audi EA, Spera de Andrade TGC, Zangrossi H. Antipanic-like effect of esketamine and buprenorphine in rats exposed to acute hypoxia. Behav Brain Res 2021; 418:113651. [PMID: 34732354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant effect of ketamine has been widely acknowledged and the use of one of its enantiomers, S-ketamine (esketamine), has recently been approved for the clinical management of treatment-resistant depression. As with ketamine, the non-selective opioid receptor-interacting drug buprenorphine is reported to have antidepressant and anxiolytic properties in humans and rodents. Given the fact that antidepressant drugs are also first line treatment for panic disorder, it is surprising that the potential panicolytic effect of these compounds has been scarcely (ketamine), or not yet (buprenorphine) investigated. We here evaluated the effects of ketamine (the racemic mixture), esketamine, and buprenorphine in male Wistar rats submitted to a panicogenic challenge: acute exposure to hypoxia (7% O2). We observed that esketamine (20 mg/kg), but not ketamine, decreased the number of escape attempts made during hypoxia, and this effect could be observed even 7 days after the drug administration. A panicolytic-like effect was also observed with MK801, which like esketamine, antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptors. Buprenorphine (0.3 mg/kg) also impaired hypoxia-induced escape, an effect blocked by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, indicating an interaction with classical ligand sites, such as µ and kappa receptors, but not with nociception/orphanin FQ receptors. Altogether, the results suggest that esketamine and buprenorphine cause rapid-onset panicolytic-like effects, and may be alternatives for treating panic disorder, particularly in patients who are refractory to standard pharmacological treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan Christian Maraschin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alana Tercino Frias
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Paloma Molina Hernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Fitipaldi Batistela
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Motta Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Sâmia Regiane Lourenço Joca
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Elisabeth Aparecida Audi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vilela-Costa HH, Maraschin JC, Casarotto PC, Sant'Ana AB, de Bortoli VC, Vicente MA, Campos AC, Guimarães FS, Zangrossi H. Role of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 2C receptors of the dorsal periaqueductal gray in the anxiety- and panic-modulating effects of antidepressants in rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 404:113159. [PMID: 33571572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antidepressant drugs are first-line treatment for panic disorder. Facilitation of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG), a key panic-associated area, has been implicated in the panicolytic effect of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine. However, it is still unknown whether this mechanism accounts for the antipanic effect of other classes of antidepressants drugs (ADs) and whether the 5-HT interaction with 5-HT2C receptors in this midbrain area (which increases anxiety) is implicated in the anxiogenic effect caused by short-term treatment with ADs. The results showed that previous injection of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 in the dPAG blocked the panicolytic-like effect caused by chronic systemic administration of the tricyclic AD imipramine in male Wistar rats tested in the elevated T-maze. Neither chronic treatment with imipramine nor fluoxetine changed the expression of 5-HT1A receptors in the dPAG. Treatment with these ADs also failed to significantly change ERK1/2 (extracellular-signal regulated kinase) phosphorylation level in this midbrain area. Blockade of 5-HT2C receptors in the dPAG with the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB-242084 did not change the anxiogenic effect caused by a single acute injection of fluoxetine or imipramine in the Vogel conflict test. These results reinforce the view that the facilitation of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated neurotransmission in the dPAG is a common mechanism involved in the panicolytic effect caused by chronic administration of ADs. On the other hand, the anxiogenic effect observed after short-term treatment with these drugs does not depend on 5-HT2C receptors located in the dPAG.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aminopyridines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology
- Anxiety/drug therapy
- Blotting, Western
- Elevated Plus Maze Test
- Fluoxetine/pharmacology
- Imipramine/pharmacology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Male
- Open Field Test/drug effects
- Panic/drug effects
- Periaqueductal Gray/drug effects
- Periaqueductal Gray/metabolism
- Periaqueductal Gray/physiology
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/physiology
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C/physiology
- Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heloisa H Vilela-Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan Christian Maraschin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Beatriz Sant'Ana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Valquiria C de Bortoli
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria Adrielle Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alline Cristina Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco S Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Helio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baptista-de-Souza D, Tavares LRR, Furuya-da-Cunha EM, Carneiro de Oliveira PE, Canto-de-Souza L, Nunes-de-Souza RL, Canto-de-Souza A. Chronic Fluoxetine Impairs the Effects of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 2C Receptors Activation in the PAG and Amygdala on Antinociception Induced by Aversive Situation in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:260. [PMID: 32218734 PMCID: PMC7078365 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests an important role of fluoxetine with serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors in the modulation of emotion and nociception in brain areas such as the amygdala and periaqueductal gray (PAG). Acute fluoxetine impairs 5-HT2C (but not 5-HT1A) receptor activation in the amygdaloid complex. Given that fluoxetine produces its clinical therapeutic effects only when given chronically, this study investigated the effects of chronic treatment with fluoxetine on the effects produced by 5-HT1A or 5-HT2C receptors activation in the amygdala or PAG on fear-induced antinociception. We recorded the effects of chronic fluoxetine on serotonin and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels as well as serotonin turnover; 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptor protein levels in the amygdala and PAG. Also, we evaluated the effects of chronic fluoxetine combined with intra-amygdala or intra-PAG injection of MK-212 (a 5-HT2C agonist; 0.63 nmol) or 8-OH-DPAT (a 5-HT1A agonist; 10 nmol) on the antinociceptive response in mice confined in the open arm of the elevated plus-maze (EPM). Nociception was assessed with the writhing test induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% acetic acid. Results showed that fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, s.c.) enhanced the open-arm induced antinociception (OAA) and reduced the number of writhes in mice confined in the enclosed arm, featuring an analgesic effect. In addition, fluoxetine increased the expression of 5-HT2C receptors and 5-HT levels whereas reduced its turnover in the amygdala. While fluoxetine did not change 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels, and its turnover in the PAG, it up-regulated 5HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors in this midbrain area. Chronic fluoxetine (5.0 mg/Kg, an intrinsically inactive dose on nociception) antagonized the enhancement of OAA produced by intra-amygdala or intra-PAG injection of MK-212. Fluoxetine also impaired the attenuation of OAA induced by intra-amygdala injection of 8-OH-DPAT and totally prevented OAA in mice that received intra-PAG 8-OH-DPAT. These results suggest that (i) 5-HT may facilitate nociception and intensify OAA, acting at amygdala 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors, respectively, and (ii) fluoxetine modulates the OAA through activation of 5-HT2C receptors within the PAG. These findings indicate that chronic fluoxetine impairs the effects of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors activation in the amygdala and PAG on fear-induced antinociception in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Baptista-de-Souza
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lígia Renata Rodrigues Tavares
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Elke Mayumi Furuya-da-Cunha
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Carneiro de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lucas Canto-de-Souza
- Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Nunes-de-Souza
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Azair Canto-de-Souza
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil.,Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Psychology UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maraschin JC, Sestile CC, Yabiku CT, Roncon CM, de Souza Fiaes GC, Graeff FG, Audi EA, Zangrossi H. Effects of the adjunctive treatment of antidepressants with opiorphin on a panic-like defensive response in rats. Behav Brain Res 2020; 378:112263. [PMID: 31568834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressants are the first-choice for pharmacological treatment of panic disorder. However, they present disadvantages, such as delayed therapeutic effect, many side effects and a considerable rate of non-responders. These shortcomings prompt the development of new therapeutic strategies. Among these are the adjunctive use of enkephalinase inhibitors, such as opiorphin, which supposedly acts by increasing the availability of brain enkephalins and other endogenous opioids. AIMS We here evaluated whether opiorphin in the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter (dPAG), a key panic-related area, accelerates and/or facilitates the antipanic-like effect of fluoxetine or imipramine. We also verified whether the panicolytic effect of imipramine depends on activation of μ-opioid receptors (MORs). METHODS Male Wistar rats were submitted to the escape task of the elevated T-maze, an index of panic attack, after treatment with imipramine (3, 7 or 21 days) or fluoxetine (3, 7, 14 or 21 days), combined with an intra-dPAG injection of opiorphin. RESULTS Opiorphin facilitated and accelerated the panicolytic-like effect caused by imipramine, but not with fluoxetine. The antipanic-like effect caused by chronic imipramine did not depend on MOR activation in the dPAG. CONCLUSION Combined treatment of antidepressant drugs with opiorphin for hastening or potentiating the effects of the former compounds may not be generally effective, with the results varying depending on the type/class of these panicolytic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan Christian Maraschin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Caio César Sestile
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Tiemi Yabiku
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Marroni Roncon
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Cardoso de Souza Fiaes
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Frederico Guilherme Graeff
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14050-220, Brazil; Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NAP-USP-NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Aparecida Audi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14050-220, Brazil; Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NAP-USP-NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Batista LA, Moreira FA. Cannabinoid CB 1 receptors mediate the anxiolytic effects induced by systemic alprazolam and intra-periaqueductal gray 5-HT 1A receptor activation. Neurosci Lett 2019; 703:5-10. [PMID: 30858018 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system has been implicated in the modulation of behaviors related to anxiety and panic disorders. Accordingly, facilitation of CB1 receptor signaling reduces the consequences of aversive stimuli in animal models. However, the role of the CB1 receptor in the effects of anxiolytic drugs has remained unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the anxiolytic and panicolytic responses to systemic alprazolam injection and local 5-HT1A receptor activation in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPAG) depend on CB1 receptor activation. Systemic injection of alprazolam (4 mg/kg) induced an anxiolytic-like effect in the elevated T maze (ETM) model of panic and anxiety, which was prevented by the CB1 antagonist AM251 (0.3 mg/kg). Likewise, intra-dlPAG injection of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT (3.2 nmol/0.2 u L) also reduced anxiety-like behavior, a response prevented by intra-dlPAG injection of AM251 (100 pmol/0.2 µL). 8-OH-DPAT (8 nmol/0.2 µL) also presented a panicolytic-like activity in the escape reaction induced by chemical stimulation of the dlPAG, which was not prevented by AM251 (100 pmol/0.2 µL). These results suggest that CB1 receptor signaling is involved in the effects of anxiolytic drugs, with potential implications for developing new treatments for anxiety disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luara A Batista
- Graduate School in Neuroscience, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Fabricio A Moreira
- Graduate School in Neuroscience, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vilela-Costa HH, Spiacci A, Bissolli IG, Zangrossi H. A Shift in the Activation of Serotonergic and Non-serotonergic Neurons in the Dorsal Raphe Lateral Wings Subnucleus Underlies the Panicolytic-Like Effect of Fluoxetine in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6487-6500. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
10
|
Frias AT, Fernandes GG, Zangrossi H. GABA A/benzodiazepine receptors in the dorsal periaqueductal gray mediate the panicolytic but not the anxiolytic effect of alprazolam in rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 364:99-105. [PMID: 30768992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Although the etiology of panic disorder (PD) remains elusive, accumulating evidence suggests a key role for the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG). There is also evidence that this midbrain area is critically involved in mediation of the panicolytic effect of antidepressants, which with high potency benzodiazepines (e.g. alprazolam and clonazepam) are first line treatment for PD. Whether the dPAG is also implicated in the antipanic effect of the latter drugs is, however, still unknown. We here investigated the consequences of blocking GABAA or benzodiazepine receptors within the dPAG, with bicuculline (5 pmol) and flumazenil (80 nmol), respectively, on the panicolytic and anxiolytic effects of alprazolam (4 mg/kg). Microinjection of these antagonists fully blocked the anti-escape effect, considered as a panicolytic-like action, caused by a single systemic injection of alprazolam in male Wistar rats submitted to the elevated T-maze. These antagonists, however, did not affect the anxiolytic effect of the benzodiazepine on inhibitory avoidance acquisition and punished responding, measured in the elevated T-maze and Vogel conflict tests, respectively. Altogether, our findings show the involvement of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors of the dPAG in the panicolytic, but not the anxiolytic effect caused by alprazolam. They also implicate the dPAG as the fulcrum of the effects of different classes of clinically effective antipanic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alana Tercino Frias
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Gripp Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tavares LRR, Baptista-de-Souza D, Canto-de-Souza A. Activation of 5-HT2C (but not 5-HT1A) receptors in the amygdala enhances fear-induced antinociception: Blockade with local 5-HT2C antagonist or systemic fluoxetine. Neuropharmacology 2018; 135:376-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
12
|
A serotonergic deficit in the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter may underpin enhanced panic-like behavior in diabetic rats. Behav Pharmacol 2018; 28:558-564. [PMID: 28799955 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
It is known that diabetic (DBT) animals present dysregulation on the serotonergic system in several brain areas associated with anxiety-like responses. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of 5-HT1A receptors on dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) in the behavioral response related to panic disorder in type-1 DBT animals. For this, the escape response by electric stimulation (ES) of dPAG in DBT and normoglycemic (NGL) animals was assessed. Both NGL and DBT animals were exposed to an open-field test (OFT) 28 days after DBT confirmation. The current threshold to induce escape behavior in DBT animals was reduced compared with NGL animals. No impairment in locomotor activity was observed when DBT animals were compared with NGL animals. An intra-dPAG injection of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist (±)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) increased the [INCREMENT] threshold in both DBT and NGL, suggesting a panicolytic-like effect. DBT animals presented a more pronounced panicolytic-like response compared with NGL as a higher [INCREMENT] threshold was observed after 8-OH-DPAT treatment, which could be a consequence of the increased expression of the 5-HT1A receptor in the dPAG from DBT animals. Our results are in line with the proposal that a deficiency in serotonergic modulation of the dPAG is involved in triggering the panic attack and the 5-HT1A receptors might be essential for the panicolytic-like response.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fritze S, Spanagel R, Noori HR. Adaptive dynamics of the 5-HT systems following chronic administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a meta-analysis. J Neurochem 2017; 142:747-755. [PMID: 28653748 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most frequently prescribed antidepressants. However, a major concern is their delayed onset of action, which is hypothesized to be associated with the time required for serotonin (5-HT) autoreceptors to desensitize, which should be reflected by actual neurochemical changes. Numerous in vivo microdialysis studies have been published that report on 5-HT levels in different brain sites following SSRI administration. Here, we performed a meta-analysis on dynamic changes of 5-HT neurotransmission during the course of chronic SSRI treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis on research articles of 5-HT neurotransmission measured by in vivo microdialysis in rat brain after subchronic and chronic SSRI administrations. In total, data from 42 microdialysis studies (798 rats) were analyzed. Within the first week of SSRI treatment, extracellular 5-HT concentrations drop in frontal cortex. Over the next 2 weeks of treatment, a linear increase in extracellular 5-HT levels up to 350% of prior treatment baseline is evident (n = 269). However, in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area we found increased 5-HT levels within the first 3 days of SSRI administration. The time course of 5-HT dynamics in frontal cortex is in line with the hypothesis that 5-HT autoreceptors desensitize over 2-3 weeks of SSRI treatment and thereby enhanced extracellular 5-HT levels ensue. Yet, in other regions we did not find evidence supporting the traditional autoreceptor-mediated feedback loops hypothesis and thus other neurobiological adaptation mechanisms may also play a role in the delayed onset of SSRI action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fritze
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Spanagel
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hamid R Noori
- Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Neuronal Convergence Group, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fiaes GCDS, Roncon CM, Sestile CC, Maraschin JC, Souza RLS, Porcu M, Audi EA. Panicolytic-like effect of tramadol is mediated by opioid receptors in the dorsal periaqueductal grey. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
15
|
Matthiesen M, Spiacci A, Zangrossi H. Effects of chemical stimulation of the lateral wings of the dorsal raphe nucleus on panic-like defensive behaviors and Fos protein expression in rats. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:103-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
16
|
Graeff FG. Translational approach to the pathophysiology of panic disorder: Focus on serotonin and endogenous opioids. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 76:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
17
|
Maraschin JC, Almeida CB, Rangel MP, Roncon CM, Sestile CC, Zangrossi H, Graeff FG, Audi EA. Participation of dorsal periaqueductal gray 5-HT1A receptors in the panicolytic-like effect of the κ-opioid receptor antagonist Nor-BNI. Behav Brain Res 2017; 327:75-82. [PMID: 28347824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Panic patients may have abnormalities in serotonergic and opioidergic neurotransmission. The dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) plays an important role in organizing proximal defense, related to panic attacks. The 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1A-R) is involved in regulating escape behavior that is organized in the dPAG. Activation of κ-opioid receptor (KOR) in this region causes anxiogenic effects. In this study, we investigated the involvement of KOR in regulating escape behavior, using systemic and intra-dPAG injection of the KOR antagonist Nor-BNI. As panic models, we used the elevated T-maze (ETM) and the dPAG electrical stimulation test (EST). We also evaluated whether activation of the 5-HT1A-R or the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) in the dPAG contributes to the Nor-BNI effects. The results showed that systemic administration of Nor-BNI, either subcutaneously (2.0 and 4.0mg/kg) or intraperitoneally (2.0mg/kg), impaired escape in the EST, indicating a panicolytic-like effect. Intra-dPAG injection of this antagonist (6.8nmol) caused the same effect in the EST and in the ETM. Association of ineffective doses of Nor-BNI and the 5-HT1A-R agonist 8-OH-DPAT caused panicolytic-like effect in these two tests. Previous administration of the 5-HT1A-R antagonist WAY-100635, but not of the MOR antagonist CTOP, blocked the panicolytic-like effect of Nor-BNI. These results indicate that KOR enhances proximal defense in the dPAG through 5-HT1A-R modulation, independently of MOR. Because former results indicate that the 5-HT1A-R is involved in the antipanic action of antidepressants, KOR antagonists may be useful as adjunctive or alternative drug treatment of panic disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhonatan Christian Maraschin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Camila Biesdorf Almeida
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Marcel Pereira Rangel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Marroni Roncon
- Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NAP-USP-NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Caio César Sestile
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NAP-USP-NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Frederico Guilherme Graeff
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil; Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NAP-USP-NuPNE), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Aparecida Audi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, Paraná 87020-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Biagioni AF, de Oliveira RC, de Oliveira R, da Silva JA, dos Anjos-Garcia T, Roncon CM, Corrado AP, Zangrossi H, Coimbra NC. 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A receptors in the dorsomedial hypothalamus connected to dorsal raphe nucleus inputs modulate defensive behaviours and mediate innate fear-induced antinociception. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26:532-45. [PMID: 26749090 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is an important brainstem source of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and 5-HT plays a key role in the regulation of panic attacks. The aim of the present study was to determine whether 5-HT1A receptor-containing neurons in the medial hypothalamus (MH) receive neural projections from DRN and to then determine the role of this neural substrate in defensive responses. The neurotracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) was iontophoretically microinjected into the DRN, and immunohistochemical approaches were then used to identify 5HT1A receptor-labelled neurons in the MH. Moreover, the effects of pre-treatment of the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) with 8-OH-DPAT and WAY-100635, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist and antagonist, respectively, followed by local microinjections of bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist, were investigated. We found that there are many projections from the DRN to the perifornical lateral hypothalamus (PeFLH) but also to DMH and ventromedial (VMH) nuclei, reaching 5HT1A receptor-labelled perikarya. DMH GABAA receptor blockade elicited defensive responses that were followed by antinociception. DMH treatment with 8-OH-DPAT decreased escape responses, which strongly suggests that the 5-HT1A receptor modulates the defensive responses. However, DMH treatment with WAY-100635 failed to alter bicuculline-induced defensive responses, suggesting that 5-HT exerts a phasic influence on 5-HT1A DMH neurons. The activation of the inhibitory 5-HT1A receptor had no effect on antinociception. However, blockade of the 5-HT1A receptor decreased fear-induced antinociception. The present data suggest that the ascending pathways from the DRN to the DMH modulate panic-like defensive behaviours and mediate antinociceptive phenomenon by recruiting 5-HT1A receptor in the MH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Franceschi Biagioni
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil
| | - Rithiele Cristina de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil; Mato Grosso Federal University Medical School (UFMT), Av. Alexandre Ferronato, 1200, Reserva 35, Setor Industrial, 78550-000 Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Juliana Almeida da Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil
| | - Tayllon dos Anjos-Garcia
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil
| | - Camila Marroni Roncon
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Pinto Corrado
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Norberto Cysne Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine of the University of São Paulo (FMRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; Behavioural Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14050-220, Brazil; NAP-USP-Neurobiology of Emotions Research Centre (NuPNE), Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Roncon CM, Almada RC, Maraschin JC, Audi EA, Zangrossi H, Graeff FG, Coimbra NC. Pharmacological evidence for the mediation of the panicolytic effect of fluoxetine by dorsal periaqueductal gray matter μ-opioid receptors. Neuropharmacology 2015; 99:620-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
20
|
Spiacci A, Sergio TDO, da Silva GSF, Glass ML, Schenberg LC, Garcia-Cairasco N, Zangrossi H. Serotonin in the dorsal periaqueductal gray inhibits panic-like defensive behaviors in rats exposed to acute hypoxia. Neuroscience 2015; 307:191-8. [PMID: 26319117 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that spontaneous panic attacks are the outcome of the misfiring of an evolved suffocation alarm system. Evidence gathered in the last years is suggestive that the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) in the midbrain harbors a hypoxia-sensitive suffocation alarm system. We here investigated whether facilitation of 5-HT-mediated neurotransmission within the dPAG changes panic-like defensive reactions expressed by male Wistar rats submitted to a hypoxia challenge (7% O2), as observed in other animal models of panic. Intra-dPAG injection of 5-HT (20 nmol), (±)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT) (8 nmol), a 5-HT1A receptor agonist, or (±)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodo amphetamine hydrochloride (DOI) (16 nmol), a preferential 5-HT2A agonist, reduced the number of upward jumps directed to the border of the experimental chamber during hypoxia, interpreted as escape attempts, without affecting the rats' locomotion. These effects were similar to those caused by chronic, but not acute, intraperitoneal administration of the antidepressant fluoxetine (5-15 mg/kg), or acute systemic administration of the benzodiazepine receptor agonist alprazolam (1-4 mg/kg), both drugs clinically used in the treatment of panic disorder. Our findings strengthen the view that the dPAG is a key encephalic area involved in the defensive behaviors triggered by activation of the suffocation alarm system. They also support the use of hypoxia-evoked escape as a model of respiratory-type panic attacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Spiacci
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - T de Oliveira Sergio
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto CEP: 14049-900, Brazil
| | - G S F da Silva
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - M L Glass
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - L C Schenberg
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - N Garcia-Cairasco
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - H Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenue Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirão Preto CEP: 14049-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Casarotto PC, Santos PCD, Lucas GA, Biojone C, Pobbe RLH, Vilela-Costa HH, Joca SRL, Guimarães FS, Zangrossi H. BDNF-TRKB signaling system of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter is implicated in the panicolytic-like effect of antidepressant drugs. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:913-22. [PMID: 25840741 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A wealth of evidence implicates the BDNF-TRKB system in the therapeutic effects of antidepressant drugs (ADs) on mood disorders. However, little is known about the involvement of this system in the panicolytic property also exerted by these compounds. In the present study we evaluated the participation of the BDNF-TRKB system of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG), a core structure involved in the pathophysiology of panic disorder, in AD-induced panicolytic-like effects in rats. The results showed that short- (3 days) or long-term (21 days) systemic treatment with the tricyclic ADs imipramine, clomipramine or desipramine increased BDNF levels in the DPAG. Only longterm treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine was able to increase BDNF levels in this structure. After 21-day treatment, fluoxetine and the three tricyclic ADs used also increased BDNF concentration in the hippocampus, a key area implicated in their mood-related actions. Neither in the DPAG nor hippocampus did long-term treatment with the standard anxiolytics diazepam, clonazepam or buspirone affect BDNF levels. Imipramine, both after short and long-term administration, and fluoxetine under the latter regimen, raised the levels of phosphorylated TRKB in the DPAG. Short-term treatment with imipramine or BDNF microinjection inhibited escape expression in rats exposed to the elevated T maze, considered as a panicolytic-like effect. This anti-escape effect was attenuated by the intra-DPAG administration of the TRK receptor antagonist k252a. Altogether, our data suggests that facilitation of the BDNF-TRKB system in the DPAG is implicated in the panicolytic effect of ADs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Plinio C Casarotto
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paula C dos Santos
- Department of Ophtamology, Otorhinolaringology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme A Lucas
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Biojone
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ribeirao Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Roger L H Pobbe
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Heloisa H Vilela-Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Samia R L Joca
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ribeirao Preto School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Francisco S Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Andrews PW, Bharwani A, Lee KR, Fox M, Thomson JA. Is serotonin an upper or a downer? The evolution of the serotonergic system and its role in depression and the antidepressant response. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 51:164-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
23
|
Devall AJ, Santos JM, Fry JP, Honour JW, Brandão ML, Lovick TA. Elevation of brain allopregnanolone rather than 5-HT release by short term, low dose fluoxetine treatment prevents the estrous cycle-linked increase in stress sensitivity in female rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:113-23. [PMID: 25498416 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Withdrawal from long-term dosing with exogenous progesterone precipitates increased anxiety-linked changes in behavior in animal models due to the abrupt decrease in brain concentration of allopregnanolone (ALLO), a neuroactive metabolite of progesterone. We show that a withdrawal-like effect also occurs during the late diestrus phase (LD) of the natural ovarian cycle in rats, when plasma progesterone and ALLO are declining but estrogen secretion maintains a stable low level. This effect at LD was prevented by short-term treatment with low dose fluoxetine. During LD, but not at other stages of the estrous cycle, exposure to anxiogenic stress induced by whole body vibration at 4 Hz for 5 min evoked a significant decrease in tail flick latency (stress-induced hyperalgesia) and a decrease in the number of Fos-positive neurons present in the periaqueductal gray (PAG). The threshold to evoke fear-like behaviors in response to electrical stimulation of the dorsal PAG was lower in the LD phase, indicating an increase in the intrinsic excitability of the PAG circuitry. All these effects were blocked by short-term administration of fluoxetine (2 × 1.75 mg kg(-1) i.p.) during LD. This dosage increased the whole brain concentration of ALLO, as determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, but was without effect on the extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the dorsal PAG, as measured by microdialysis. We suggest that fluoxetine-induced rise in brain ALLO concentration during LD offsets the sharp physiological decline, thus removing the trigger for the development of anxiogenic withdrawal effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Devall
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Julia M Santos
- School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Laboratório de Psicobiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento-INeC, Campus USP, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonathan P Fry
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London W1E 6BT, UK
| | - John W Honour
- University College London Hospital, London NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Marcus L Brandão
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento-INeC, Campus USP, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thelma A Lovick
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK; Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento-INeC, Campus USP, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Serotonin in anxiety and panic: Contributions of the elevated T-maze. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 3:397-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
25
|
Dorsomedial hypothalamus serotonin 1A receptors mediate a panic-related response in the elevated T-maze. Brain Res Bull 2014; 109:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
26
|
Paul ED, Johnson PL, Shekhar A, Lowry CA. The Deakin/Graeff hypothesis: focus on serotonergic inhibition of panic. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 46 Pt 3:379-96. [PMID: 24661986 PMCID: PMC4170046 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Deakin/Graeff hypothesis proposes that different subpopulations of serotonergic neurons through topographically organized projections to forebrain and brainstem structures modulate the response to acute and chronic stressors, and that dysfunction of these neurons increases vulnerability to affective and anxiety disorders, including panic disorder. We outline evidence supporting the existence of a serotonergic system originally discussed by Deakin/Graeff that is implicated in the inhibition of panic-like behavioral and physiological responses. Evidence supporting this panic inhibition system comes from the following observations: (1) serotonergic neurons located in the 'ventrolateral dorsal raphe nucleus' (DRVL) as well as the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (VLPAG) inhibit dorsal periaqueductal gray-elicited panic-like responses; (2) chronic, but not acute, antidepressant treatment potentiates serotonin's panicolytic effect; (3) contextual fear activates a central nucleus of the amygdala-DRVL/VLPAG circuit implicated in mediating freezing and inhibiting panic-like escape behaviors; (4) DRVL/VLPAG serotonergic neurons are central chemoreceptors and modulate the behavioral and cardiorespiratory response to panicogenic agents such as sodium lactate and CO2. Implications of the panic inhibition system are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan D Paul
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA.
| | - Philip L Johnson
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA.
| | - Anantha Shekhar
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA.
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0354, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Baptista-de-Souza D, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Zanardelli M, Micheli L, Nunes-de-Souza RL, Canto-de-Souza A, Ghelardini C. Serotonergic modulation in neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin: effect on the 5HT2C receptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 735:141-9. [PMID: 24786153 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluoxetine has been shown to be effective in clinical and experimental studies of neuropathic pain. Besides to increase serotonin levels in the synaptic cleft, fluoxetine is able to block the serotonergic 5-HT2C receptor subtype, which in turn has been involved in the modulation of neuropathic pain. This study investigated the effect of repeated treatments with fluoxetine on the neuropathic nociceptive response induced by oxaliplatin and the effects of both treatments on 5-HT2C receptor mRNA expression and protein levels in the rat spinal cord (SC), rostral ventral medulla (RVM), midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) and amygdala (Amy). Nociception was assessed by paw-pressure, cold plate and Von Frey tests. Fluoxetine prevented mechanical hypersensitivity and pain threshold alterations induced by oxaliplatin but did not prevent the impairment in weight gain induced by this anticancer drug. Ex vivo analysis revealed that oxaliplatin increased the 5-HT2C receptor mRNA expression and protein levels in the SC and PAG. Similar effects were observed in fluoxetine-treated animals but only within the PAG. While oxaliplatin decreased the 5-HT2C mRNA expression levels in the Amy, fluoxetine increased their protein levels in this area. Fluoxetine impaired the oxaliplatin effects on the 5-HT2C receptor mRNA expression in the SC and Amy and protein levels in the SC. All treatments increased of 5-HT2C receptor mRNA expression and protein levels in the PAG. These results suggest that the effects of fluoxetine on neuropathic pain induced by oxaliplatin are associated with quantitative changes in the 5-HT2C receptors located within important areas of the nociceptive system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Baptista-de-Souza
- Psychobiology Group/Department of Psychology/CECH-UFSCar, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences UFSCar/UNESP., São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Zanardelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Azair Canto-de-Souza
- Psychobiology Group/Department of Psychology/CECH-UFSCar, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences UFSCar/UNESP., São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health - Neurofarba - Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bhorkar AA, Dandekar MP, Nakhate KT, Subhedar NK, Kokare DM. Involvement of the central melanocortin system in the effects of caffeine on anxiety-like behavior in mice. Life Sci 2013; 95:72-80. [PMID: 24361398 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the role of the melanocortin (MC) system in the framework of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) in the differential effects of the adenosine receptor blocker caffeine on anxiety-like behavior, using the social interaction (SI) test. MAIN METHODS Caffeine was injected intraperitoneally, alone or in combination with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), the MC4 receptor agonist RO27-3225 or the antagonist HS014 via the intra-CeA route. The effects of chronic (21 days) caffeine, given alone or concurrently with α-MSH, or RO27-3225, were investigated. The effects of withdrawal of these treatments on SI time were also evaluated. Furthermore, the acute effects of HS014 were investigated in different sets of caffeine-withdrawn mice. KEY FINDINGS Acute injection of caffeine, RO27-3225, or α-MSH produced anxiety-like behavior. Prior treatment with α-MSH, or RO27-3225 potentiated the caffeine-induced anxiety-like behavior. Subchronic treatment with HS014 increased the SI time, which was attenuated by caffeine. Chronic administration of caffeine resulted in tolerance to caffeine's anxiogenic effect, while abrupt discontinuation of the treatment produced peak anxiety-like behavior at 72 h post-withdrawal. Concurrent administration of α-MSH, or RO27-3225 with chronic caffeine delayed the development of tolerance and prevented withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behavior. Moreover, acute treatment with HS014 at 72 h post-withdrawal attenuated the anxiety-like behavior. SIGNIFICANCE α-MSH, possibly via MC4 receptor in the neuroanatomical framework of the CeA, may contribute to the acute, chronic and withdrawal actions of caffeine associated with anxiety-like behavior in the neuroanatomical framework of the CeA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amita A Bhorkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kartik T Nakhate
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Rungta Educational Campus, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai 490 024, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Nishikant K Subhedar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Sai Trinity Building, Sutarwadi, Pashan, Pune 411 021, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur 440 033, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
de Bortoli VC, Yamashita PSDM, Zangrossi H. 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor control of a panic-like defensive response in the rat dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus. J Psychopharmacol 2013; 27:1116-23. [PMID: 23787365 DOI: 10.1177/0269881113492900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (DMH) has long been implicated in the genesis/regulation of escape, a panic-related defensive behavior. In the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG), another key panic-associated area, serotonin, through the activation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, exerts an inhibitory role on escape expression. This panicolytic-like effect is facilitated by chronic treatment with clinically effective antipanic drugs such as fluoxetine and imipramine. It is still unclear whether serotonin within the DMH plays a similar regulatory action. The results showed that intra-DMH injection of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT, the preferential 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI, but not the 5-HT2C agonist MK-212, inhibited the escape reaction of male Wistar rats evoked by electrical stimulation of the DMH. Local microinjection of the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 or the preferential 5-HT2A antagonist ketanserin was ineffective. Whereas chronic (21 days) systemic treatment with imipramine potentiated the anti-escape effect of both 8-OH-DPAT and DOI, repeated administration of fluoxetine enhanced the effect of the latter agonist. The results indicate that 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors within the DMH play a phasic inhibitory role upon escape expression, as previously reported in the dPAG. Facilitation of 5-HT-mediated neurotransmission in the DMH may be implicated in the mode of action of antipanic drugs.
Collapse
|
30
|
Vicente MA, Zangrossi H. Involvement of 5-HT2C and 5-HT1A receptors of the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala in the anxiolytic effect of chronic antidepressant treatment. Neuropharmacology 2013; 79:127-35. [PMID: 24275045 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Facilitation of serotonin 2C- and 1A-receptor (5-HT2C-R and 5-HT1A-R) mediated neurotransmission in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) has been associated with anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects, respectively. It has been also shown that stimulation of BLA 5-HT2C-Rs underlies the anxiogenic effect caused by acute systemic administration of the antidepressants imipramine or fluoxetine. Here we investigated whether chronic treatment with these two antidepressants, which causes anxiolytic effects, decreases the responsiveness of these receptors in the BLA. We also investigated whether the blockage of 5-HT1A-Rs in the same amygdala nucleus alters the anxiolytic effect of chronic imipramine treatment. The results showed that in male Wistar rats intra-BLA injection of the 5-HT2C-R agonist MK-212 facilitated inhibitory avoidance acquisition in the elevated T-maze and decreased the percentage of time spent by the animals in the lit compartment of the light-dark transition test, indicating an anxiogenic effect. Chronic (21 days) systemic treatment with imipramine (5 or 15 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) abolished these effects of MK-212. Acute administration of imipramine (5 mg/kg) failed to interfere with MK-212 effects in both tests. Intra-BLA injection of the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY-100635 blocked the anxiolytic, but not the panicolytic, effect of imipramine in the tests used. Our findings indicate that both a reduction in 5-HT2C-R- and a facilitation of 5-HT1A-R-mediated neurotransmission in the BLA are involved in the anxiolytic effect of antidepressant drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adrielle Vicente
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Helio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
de Andrade Strauss CV, Vicente MA, Zangrossi H. Activation of 5-HT1A receptors in the rat basolateral amygdala induces both anxiolytic and antipanic-like effects. Behav Brain Res 2013; 246:103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
32
|
Campos AC, de Paula Soares V, Carvalho MC, Ferreira FR, Vicente MA, Brandão ML, Zuardi AW, Zangrossi H, Guimarães FS. Involvement of serotonin-mediated neurotransmission in the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter on cannabidiol chronic effects in panic-like responses in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 226:13-24. [PMID: 23007604 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotomimetic constituent of Cannabis sativa plant that promotes antianxiety and anti-panic effects in animal models after acute systemic or intra-dorsal periaqueductal gray (DPAG) administration. However, the effects of CBD repeated administration, and the possible mechanisms involved, in animal models of anxiety- and panic-related responses remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluates the role of the serotonergic neurotransmission within the DPAG in the modulation of escape responses of rats chronically treated with CBD. METHODS Male Wistar rats received acute or repeated (5 mg/Kg/daily/21 days) administration of CBD and were submitted to the elevated T-maze (ETM). We also investigated if CBD effects on the ETM depend on facilitation of 5-HT1A-mediated neurotransmission in the DPAG. To this latter aim, we verified if these effects would be prevented by intra-DPAG injection of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY100635 (0.37 nmol/0.2 μL). Also, we verified, by in vivo microdialysis, if CBD chronic treatment increases serotonin (5-HT) release and, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, if there are changes in 5HT-1A or 5HT-2C mRNA expression in DPAG. RESULTS The results showed that repeated but not acute peripheral administration of CBD decreases escape responses in the ETM, suggesting a panicolytic effect. This treatment did not change 5HT-1A or 5-HT-2C receptor mRNA expression nor modify serotonin extracellular concentrations in the DPAG. CBD effects were prevented by DPAG injection of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings suggest that repeated treatment with CBD induces anti-panic effects by acting on 5-HT1A receptors in DPAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alline Cristina Campos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes av., Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Roncon CM, Biesdorf C, Santana RG, Zangrossi H, Graeff FG, Audi EA. The panicolytic-like effect of fluoxetine in the elevated T-maze is mediated by serotonin-induced activation of endogenous opioids in the dorsal periaqueductal grey. J Psychopharmacol 2012; 26:525-31. [PMID: 22279131 DOI: 10.1177/0269881111434619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT), opioids and the dorsal periaqueductal grey (DPAG) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. In order to study 5-HT-opioid interaction, the opioid antagonist naloxone was injected either systemically (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or intra-DPAG (0.2 μg/0.5 μL) to assess its interference with the effect of chronic fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 21 days) or of intra-DPAG 5-HT (8 μg/0.5 μL). Drug effects were measured in the one-escape task of the rat elevated T-maze, an animal model of panic. Pretreatment with systemic naloxone antagonized the lengthening of escape latency caused by chronic fluoxetine, considered a panicolytic-like effect that parallels the drug's therapeutic response in the clinics. Pretreatment with naloxone injected intra-DPAG antagonized both the panicolytic effect of chronic fluoxetine as well as that of 5-HT injected intra-DPAG. Neither the performance of the inhibitory avoidance task in the elevated T-maze, a model of generalized anxiety nor locomotion measured in a circular arena was affected by the above drug treatments. These results indicate that the panicolytic effect of fluoxetine is mediated by endogenous opioids that are activated by 5-HT in the DPAG. They also allow reconciliation between the serotonergic and opioidergic hypotheses of panic disorder pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila M Roncon
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Graeff FG. New perspective on the pathophysiology of panic: merging serotonin and opioids in the periaqueductal gray. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:366-75. [PMID: 22437485 PMCID: PMC3854168 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Panic disorder patients are vulnerable to recurrent panic attacks. Two neurochemical hypotheses have been proposed to explain this susceptibility. The first assumes that panic patients have deficient serotonergic inhibition of neurons localized in the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter of the midbrain that organize defensive reactions to cope with proximal threats and of sympathomotor control areas of the rostral ventrolateral medulla that generate most of the neurovegetative symptoms of the panic attack. The second suggests that endogenous opioids buffer normal subjects from the behavioral and physiological manifestations of the panic attack, and their deficit brings about heightened suffocation sensitivity and separation anxiety in panic patients, making them more vulnerable to panic attacks. Experimental results obtained in rats performing one-way escape in the elevated T-maze, an animal model of panic, indicate that the inhibitory action of serotonin on defense is connected with activation of endogenous opioids in the periaqueductal gray. This allows reconciliation of the serotonergic and opioidergic hypotheses of panic pathophysiology, the periaqueductal gray being the fulcrum of serotonin-opioid interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F G Graeff
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Broiz AC, Bassi GS, De Souza Silva MA, Brandão ML. Effects of neurokinin-1 and 3-receptor antagonists on the defensive behavior induced by electrical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray. Neuroscience 2011; 201:134-45. [PMID: 22123168 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) is the main output structure for the defensive response to proximal aversive stimulation. Panic-like responses, such as freezing and escape behaviors, often result when this structure is electrically stimulated. Freezing also ensues after termination of the dPAG stimulation (post-stimulation freezing (PSF)). GABA and 5-HT have been proposed as the main neuromediators of these defense reactions. Neurokinins (NKs) also play a role in the defense reaction; however, it is unclear how the distinct types of NK receptors are involved in the expression of these fear responses. This study investigated the role of NK-1 and NK-3 receptors in the unconditioned defensive behaviors induced by electrical stimulation of the dPAG of rats, with and without previous experience with contextual fear conditioning (CFC). Spantide (100 ρmol/0.2 μl) and SB 222200 (50 and 100 ρmol/0.2 μl), selective antagonists of NK-1 and NK-3 receptors, respectively, were injected into the dPAG. Injection of spantide had antiaversive effects as determined by stimulation of the dPAG in naive animals and in animals subjected previously to CFC. SB 222200 also increased these aversive thresholds but only at doses that caused a motor deficit. Moreover, neither spantide nor SB 222200 influenced the PSF. The results suggest that NK-1 receptors are mainly involved in the mediation of the defensive behaviors organized in the dPAG. Because dPAG-evoked PSF was not affected by intra-dPAG injections of either spantide or SB 222200, it is suggested that neurokinin-mediated mechanisms are not involved in the processing of ascending aversive information from the dPAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C Broiz
- Instituto de Neurociências e Comportamento-INeC, Campus USP, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sela VR, Biesdorf C, Ramos DH, Zangrossi H, Graeff FG, Audi EA. Serotonin-1A receptors in the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter mediate the panicolytic-like effect of pindolol and paroxetine combination in the elevated T-maze. Neurosci Lett 2011; 495:63-6. [PMID: 21421022 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The β-adrenergic blocker and 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist pindolol has been combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in patients with depressive and anxiety disorders to shorten the onset of the clinical action and/or increase the proportion of responders. The results of a previous study have shown that pindolol potentiates the panicolytic effect of paroxetine in rats submitted to the elevated T-maze (ETM). Since reported evidence has implicated the 5-HT(1A) receptors of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG) in the panicolytic effect of antidepressants, rats treated with pindolol (5.0mg/kg, i.p.) and paroxetine (1.5mg/kg, i.p.) received a previous intra-DPAG injection of the selective 5-HT(1A) antagonist, WAY-100635 (0.4 μg) and were submitted to the ETM. Pretreatment with WAY-100635 reversed the increase in escape latency, a panicolytic effect, determined by the pindolol-paroxetine combination. These results implicate the 5-HT(1A) receptors of the DPAG in the panicolytic effect of the pindolol-paroxetine combination administered systemically. They also give further preclinical support for the use of this drug combination in the treatment of panic disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Ramos Sela
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, CEP: 87020900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Efficacy of chronic antidepressant treatments in a new model of extreme anxiety in rats. DEPRESSION RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2011; 2011:531435. [PMID: 21808731 PMCID: PMC3144710 DOI: 10.1155/2011/531435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Animal models of anxious disorders found in humans, such as panic disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, usually include spontaneous and conditioned fear that triggers escape and avoidance behaviors. The development of a panic disorder model with a learned component should increase knowledge of mechanisms involved in anxiety disorders. In our ethological model of extreme anxiety in the rat, forced apnea was combined with cold water vaporization in an inescapable situation. Based on the reactions of vehicle controls, behaviors involved in paroxysmic fear were passive (freezing) and active (jumping) reactions. Our results show that subchronic fluoxetine (5 mg/kg, IP, 21 days) and imipramine (10 mg/kg, IP, 14 days) administration alleviated freezing and jumping behaviors, whereas acute fluoxetine (1 mg/kg, IP) provoked opposite effects. Acute low dose of diazepam (1 mg/kg, IP) was not effective, whereas the higher dose of 3 mg/kg, IP, and clonazepam (1 mg/kg, IP) only had an effect on jumping. Paroxysmic fear generated in this experimental condition may therefore mimic the symptomatology observed in patients with anxiety disorders.
Collapse
|