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Pereira LF, Muniz FWMG, de Lima MDDM, Rösing CK, de Deus Moura LDFA, de Moura MS, Lima CCB. Genetics and sleep bruxism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies with twins. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:2269-2281. [PMID: 38958854 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the literature regarding the concordance of sleep bruxism (SB) between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins. METHODS The registration for this systematic review was accomplished in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, No. CRD42021251751). As of July 2022, four databases were searched, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science, as well as the grey literature in Google Scholar and OpenGrey. Observational studies evaluating SB in MZ and DZ twins of any age and sex were included. For the evaluation of the risk of bias, the Joanna Briggs checklist was utilized. The certainty of evidence was assessed via the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Pooled and subgroup meta-analyses were performed to estimate concordance of SB between twins (p < 0.05). RESULTS In total, 3,155 records were identified. In the qualitative analysis, eleven studies were included; of these, seven were included in the meta-analysis. The majority of the articles exhibited a low risk of bias (63.6%). Greater SB concordance was observed between MZ twins than between DZ twins in the analysis of general concordance (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.07-2.02) and also positive concordance (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.29-1.81). Within the subgroup analyses, the significance of the findings remained only for the reported/self-reported SB regarding general concordance (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.07-1.95) and positive concordance (OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.28-1.88). Low certainty of the evidence was observed for the general concordance analysis, while moderate certainty was observed for the positive concordance. CONCLUSION There was a higher concordance of SB in MZ twins compared to DZ twins, indicating a possible genetic influence on the condition's occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marina de Deus Moura de Lima
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bloco 5 - Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Teresina, Piaui, 64049-550, Brazil
| | | | - Lúcia de Fátima Almeida de Deus Moura
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bloco 5 - Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Teresina, Piaui, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Marcoeli Silva de Moura
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bloco 5 - Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Teresina, Piaui, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima
- Department of Pathology and Dental Clinic, Federal University of Piaui, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Bloco 5 - Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Teresina, Piaui, 64049-550, Brazil.
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Zou X, Ptáček LJ, Fu YH. The Genetics of Human Sleep and Sleep Disorders. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2024; 25:259-285. [PMID: 38669479 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-121222-120306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Healthy sleep is vital for humans to achieve optimal health and longevity. Poor sleep and sleep disorders are strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the importance of good sleep continues to be underrecognized. Mechanisms regulating sleep and its functions in humans remain mostly unclear even after decades of dedicated research. Advancements in gene sequencing techniques and computational methodologies have paved the way for various genetic analysis approaches, which have provided some insights into human sleep genetics. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the genetic basis underlying human sleep traits and sleep disorders. We also highlight the use of animal models to validate genetic findings from human sleep studies and discuss potential molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the regulation of human sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlin Zou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; , ,
| | - Louis J Ptáček
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; , ,
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ying-Hui Fu
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; , ,
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Zieliński G, Pająk A, Wójcicki M. Global Prevalence of Sleep Bruxism and Awake Bruxism in Pediatric and Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4259. [PMID: 39064299 PMCID: PMC11278015 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the global prevalence of sleep bruxism and awake bruxism in pediatric and adult populations. Methods: This systematic review was conducted by analyzing studies published from 2003 to 2023. The following keyword combination was utilized: prevalence, epidemiology, population, and bruxism. The PubMed database was analyzed, supplemented by manual searches using the Google search. Additionally, the snowballing procedure method was applied. A double assessment of the quality of publications was carried out to preserve the highest possible quality of evidence (e.g., Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist). Analyses were conducted using the R statistical language. Results: The global bruxism (sleep and awake) prevalence is 22.22%. The global sleep bruxism prevalence is 21% and awake prevalence is 23%. The occurrence of sleep bruxism, based on polysomnography, was estimated at 43%. The highest prevalence of sleep bruxism was observed in North America at 31%, followed by South America at 23%, Europe at 21%, and Asia at 19%. The prevalence of awake bruxism was highest in South America at 30%, followed by Asia at 25% and Europe at 18%. Conclusions: One in four individuals may experience awake bruxism. Bruxism is a significant factor among women. It was observed that age is a significant factor for the occurrence of sleep bruxism in women. Among the limitations of the study is the lack of analysis of the prevalence of bruxism in Africa and Australia due to not collecting an adequate sample for analysis. The study was registered in the Open Science Framework (10.17605/OSF.IO/ZE786).
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Zieliński
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pająk
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Medical University of Lublin, Gebali Str. 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Wójcicki
- Independent Unit of Functional Masticatory Disorder, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Voß LC, Basedau H, Svensson P, May A. Bruxism, temporomandibular disorders, and headache-a narrative review of correlations and causalities. Pain 2024:00006396-990000000-00628. [PMID: 38888745 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The co-occurrence of bruxism, temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and headache is common in patients. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding whether this association is simply a result of their high prevalence or whether there are indeed causal relationships. This review provides an overview of the current state of research while taking into account the controversies surrounding research methods, particularly in definitions and diagnostic standards. Bruxism-defined as repetitive jaw muscle activity during sleep or wakefulness-is not a painful disorder but may-particularly in co-occurrence with TMD-worsen pre-existing headache. It seems important to differentiate between sleep and awake bruxism because of different impact on pathophysiological processes in different primary headache disorders such as migraine and tension-type headache. Temporomandibular disorder is a heterogenous entity with both myofascial and arthrogenous types of pain in addition to nonpainful disorders. Research suggests a correlation between TMD pain and migraine, as well as between awake bruxism and tension-type headache. However, psychosocial factors may act as confounders in these relationships. Determining causality is challenging because of the limited number of experimental and clinical studies conducted on this topic. The main finding is an apparent lack of consensus on the definition and assessment criteria for bruxism. Treatment wise, it is important to differentiate all 3 conditions because treatment of one condition may have an effect on the other 2 without proving causality. For future research, it is crucial to establish greater consistency and applicability in diagnostic procedures and definitions. In addition, more experimental and clinical studies investigating the question of causality are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Caroline Voß
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hauke Basedau
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Arne May
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Ahlberg J, Lobbezoo F, Hublin C, Piirtola M, Kaprio J. Self-reported sleep bruxism in 1990 and 2011 in a nationwide twin cohort: Evidence of trait persistence and genetic liability. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:119-124. [PMID: 36062358 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to different assessment modes employed, a clear picture of the prevalence of sleep bruxism across time cannot be formed. Moreover, studies on the persistent or fluctuating nature of sleep bruxism have yielded divergent and even contradictory results. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in a nationwide twin cohort whether self-reported sleep bruxism was correlated longitudinally, pairwise and cross-twin over a 20-year period. OBJECTIVES Self-reported bruxism was assessed in 1990 and 2011 by mailed questionnaires in the Finnish Twin Cohort study of same-sex twins born 1945-1957. METHODS We assessed the phenotypic stability over time for all participating individuals (n = 4992). Among zygosity verified pairs (n = 516 MZ and n = 837 DZ), we estimated the cross-sectional zygosity correlations and the zygosity-specific cross-twin cross-time correlations. RESULTS Reported bruxism appeared rather persistent over time without significant difference regarding zygosity. The overall phenotypic longitudinal correlation was 0.540 and somewhat higher in men (0.596) than in women (0.507). Pairwise trait correlations in 1990 and 2011 were higher in MZ than in DZ pairs. The cross-twin cross-time correlations were higher in MZ twins than in DZ twins, but less than the cross-sectional MZ and DZ pairwise correlations. CONCLUSIONS The higher correlation of reported sleep bruxism in the cross-twin cross-time analyses in MZ than in DZ pairs implies a genetic background for bruxism persistence. Also, bruxism over time in individual twins appears to be fairly persistent and somewhat higher in men than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Ahlberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maarit Piirtola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Ahlberg J, Lobbezoo F, Manfredini D, Piirtola M, Hublin C, Kaprio J. Self-reported sleep bruxism and mortality in 1990-2020 in a nationwide twin cohort. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:125-130. [PMID: 36840364 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of sleep bruxism with mortality has not been studied. OBJECTIVES Altogether 12 040 subjects from the nationwide Finnish twin cohort were included in the analyses. We examined whether self-reported sleep bruxism is associated with increased risk of mortality, and if so, whether the effect is independent of known common risk factors. The time span of the follow-up was 30 years. METHODS Cox proportional hazards regression models (Hazard Ratios and their 95% Confidence Intervals) adjusted by age, sex and covariates were used to assess the effect of baseline bruxism status in 1990 on future mortality in 1990-2020. RESULTS The risk of mortality among all participants (n = 12 040), independent of missing covariates and adjusted by age and sex, was 40% higher in weekly bruxers than in never bruxers (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.16-1.68, p < .001). However, when adjusted by all studied covariates, (n = 11 427) the risk was no longer observed (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.86-1.25, p = .717). Despite the overall lack of between bruxism and mortality after adjustment for covariates, we examined the cause-specific risks for major cause-of-death groups. There were no substantial associations of weekly bruxism with major disease outcomes by the fully adjusted hazard ratios for them. CONCLUSION Bruxism does not kill-in line with its definition of being rather a behaviour (with all its phenotypes) than a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Ahlberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Manfredini
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical Technologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maarit Piirtola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Strausz T, Strausz S, Palotie T, Ahlberg J, Ollila HM. Genetic analysis of probable sleep bruxism and its associations with clinical and behavioral traits. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad107. [PMID: 37140068 PMCID: PMC10566239 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep bruxism (SB) can cause damage on teeth, headache and severe pain affecting both sleep and daily functioning. Yet despite the growing interest into bruxism, the underlying clinically relevant biological mechanisms remain unresolved. The aim of our study was to understand biological mechanisms and clinical correlates of SB including previously reported disease associations. METHODS We used data from the FinnGen release R9 (N = 377 277 individuals) that are linked with Finnish hospital and primary care registries. We identified 12 297 (3.26%) individuals with International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes used for SB. In addition, we used logistic regression to examine the association between probable SB and its clinically diagnosed risk factors and comorbidities using ICD-10 codes. Furthermore, we examined medication purchases using prescription registry. Finally, we performed the first genome-wide association analysis for probable SB and computed genetic correlations using questionnaire, lifestyle, and clinical traits. RESULTS The genome-wide association analysis revealed one significant association: rs10193179 intronic to Myosin IIIB (MYO3B) gene. In addition, we observed phenotypic associations and high genetic correlations with pain diagnoses, sleep apnea, reflux disease, upper respiratory diseases, psychiatric traits, and also their related medications such as antidepressants and sleep medication (p < 1e-4 for each trait). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a large-scale genetic framework to understand risk factors for SB and suggests potential biological mechanisms. Furthermore, our work strengthens the important earlier work that highlights SB as a trait that is associated with multiple axes of health. As part of this study, we provide genome-wide summary statistics that we hope will be useful for the scientific community studying SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommi Strausz
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Strausz
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Tuula Palotie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Ahlberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna M Ollila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Oz E, Kırzıoglu Z. The contribution of genetics to dental caries, oral habits and occlusal traits in Turkish twins: A comparative study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:735. [PMID: 37814291 PMCID: PMC10561487 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to investigate and compare the prevalence of dental caries and the frequency of oral habits, molar relationships and occlusal traits between children of multiple births, and singletons, and to determine the relative contributions of genetics and environmental factors to these parameters by using twin study design. METHODS The study group consisted of 345 multiple births (34 monozygotic and 122 dizygotic twin pairs, 11 sets of triplets) and 345 singletons between the ages of 2 and 17. The prevalence of dental caries, and the frequency of tooth brushing, the children's oral habits, molar relationships, and occlusal traits were recorded. RESULTS The percentage of children who brushed their teeth more than twice daily was statistically significantly higher in multiple births than in singletons. Higher correlation coefficients were found in dental caries index, except for decayed, filled (df) (2-5 age group) and filled (f) (6-11 age group), in the monozygotic twin pairs compared to those in the dizygotic twin pairs. In children between the ages of 6 and 11 years, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, and pencil biting were higher in singletons than in children of multiple births. There were statistically significant differences between children of multiple births and singletons, with increased overjet in the 2-5 year age group being observed. CONCLUSION When analyzing these parameters, environmental factors must also be investigated. Due to the low incidence of twin births, longitudinal follow-up studies with more twin pairs are necessary to determine whether these results are generalizable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Oz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Restrepo-Serna C, Winocur E. Sleep bruxism in children, from evidence to the clinic. A systematic review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1166091. [PMID: 37252006 PMCID: PMC10213965 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1166091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present paper aims to systematically review the literature published from 2015 to 2023 on bruxism in children with the aim to compilate the best available evidence. Materials and Methods A systematic search in the National Library of Medicine's PubMed, Medline (EBSCO), SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases was performed to identify all studies on humans assessing genetic, biopsychosocial, and sleep factors assessed with any different approach for sleep bruxism (SB) in children and its interventions. The selected articles were assessed independently by the two authors according to a structured reading of the article's format (PICO). The quality of the articles was evaluated using Quality Assessments Tool for Experimental Bruxism Studies (Qu-ATEBS) and the JBI critical appraisal tools. Results A total of 16 articles were included for discussion in the review and grouped into questionnaire/parental-report (n = 7), SB assessment through parental report of SB and clinical examination (n = 4), and instrumental assessment (n = 5) studies. The total quality scores evaluated with STROBE and Qu-ATEBS were high for all included papers. However, in general, there was no control of bias strategies and there was no control group in the intervention studies. Conclusions Investigations based on self-report, clinical, and instrumental bruxism assessment showed a positive association with genetics, quality of life aspects (school and emotional functions and overuse of screen-time), mother anxiety and family conformation, diet, alteration in sleep behaviors and architecture, and sleep breathing disorders. Additionally, the literature presents options to increase airway patency and, thus, reduce the occurrence of SB. Tooth wear was not found to be a major sign of SB in children. However, methods of SB assessment are heterogeneous and hamper a reliable comparison of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Efraim Winocur
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, the Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger, School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Association between genetic polymorphisms in the melatonin receptor type 1 A gene and sleep bruxism. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 144:105565. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Arısan V, Bedeloğlu E, Pişkin B. Prevalence and predictors of bruxism in two university clinic patient populations with dental implants: A cross-sectional analysis. Cranio 2022:1-12. [PMID: 35522040 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2071794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence, predictors, and prosthetic complications of bruxing patients with dental implants in two tertiary clinics in Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS Patients with at least one dental implant and with a fixed prosthesis were examined for the evidence of probable bruxism. Factors that could be related to bruxism were analyzed in relation to patient-specific variables. Technical and mechanical complications were investigated. RESULTS A total of 1688 patients were analyzed. The overall rate of probable bruxism was 19.72%. Besides self-reported bruxism (p < 0.022), antidepressant use (p < 0.002), frequent headaches (p < 0.014), and observation of linea alba (p < 0.028) were the predictors for probable bruxism. Technical and mechanical complications were frequent in the probable bruxers (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall prevalence of bruxism was 19.72%, and bruxism was associated with general and gender-specific predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Arısan
- Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Capa-Beyazıt, Turkey
| | - Elçin Bedeloğlu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Aydın University, Florya, Turkey
| | - Bülent Pişkin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kapadokya University, Nevşehir, Turkey
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Associations between sleep bruxism and other sleep-related disorders in adults: a systematic review. Sleep Med 2021; 89:31-47. [PMID: 34879286 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systematic reviews on sleep bruxism (SB) as a comorbid condition of other sleep-related disorders are lacking. Such reviews would contribute to the insight of sleep clinicians into the occurrence of SB in patients with other sleep-related disorders, and into the underlying mechanisms of such comorbid associations. This systematic review aimed: 1. to determine the prevalence of SB in adults with other sleep-related disorders; and 2. to determine the associations between SB and other sleep-related disorders, and to explain the underlying mechanisms of these associations. METHODS A systematic search on SB and sleep-related disorders was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify eligible studies published until May 15, 2020. Quality assessment was performed using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies. RESULTS Of the 1539 unique retrieved studies, 37 articles were included in this systematic review. The prevalence of SB in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, periodic limb movement during sleep, sleep-related gastroesophageal reflux disease, REM behavior disorder (RBD), and sleep-related epilepsy was higher than that in the general population. The specific mechanisms behind these positive associations could not be identified. CONCLUSIONS SB is more prevalent in patients with the previously mentioned disorders than in the general population. Sleep arousal may be a common factor with which all the identified disorders are associated, except RBD and Parkinson's disease. The associations between SB and these identified sleep-related disorders call for more SB screening in patients with the abovementioned sleep-related disorders.
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Mainieri G, Montini A, Nicotera A, Di Rosa G, Provini F, Loddo G. The Genetics of Sleep Disorders in Children: A Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1259. [PMID: 34679324 PMCID: PMC8534132 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a universal, highly preserved process, essential for human and animal life, whose complete functions are yet to be unravelled. Familial recurrence is acknowledged for some sleep disorders, but definite data are lacking for many of them. Genetic studies on sleep disorders have progressed from twin and family studies to candidate gene approaches to culminate in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Several works disclosed that sleep-wake characteristics, in addition to electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep patterns, have a certain degree of heritability. Notwithstanding, it is rare for sleep disorders to be attributed to single gene defects because of the complexity of the brain network/pathways involved. Besides, the advancing insights in epigenetic gene-environment interactions add further complexity to understanding the genetic control of sleep and its disorders. This narrative review explores the current genetic knowledge in sleep disorders in children, following the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition (ICSD-3) categorisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Mainieri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Angelica Montini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Nicotera
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, “Gaetano Barresi” University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (A.N.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Gabriella Di Rosa
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, “Gaetano Barresi” University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (A.N.); (G.D.R.)
| | - Federica Provini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.M.); (A.M.)
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, 40139 Bologna, Italy
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Oyarzo JF, Valdés C, Bravo R. Etiología, diagnóstico y manejo de bruxismo de sueño. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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15
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Hussain A, Rizvi M, Vohra U, Kohli K, Asim S, Fikree M, Ovais Z, Ahmed SA. Prevalence of Bruxism among the Students of Gulf Medical University: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2021; 13:S501-S505. [PMID: 34447142 PMCID: PMC8375866 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_644_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bruxism is a multifactorial phenomenon that involves grinding or clenching of teeth. The parafunctional habit includes abnormal tooth wear, tooth fracture, pain, and tooth mobility, along with headaches and facial muscle hypertrophy. It is imperative for students to be conscious of teeth grinding along with its possible causes. The student will be alert to visit the dentist if required and contribute to the recognition of etiological factors, to eliminate them. Objective: This study aims to find the prevalence and understanding of bruxism among Gulf Medical University (GMU) students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among 451 GMU students. The parameters for data collection were age, gender, prevalence, associated signs and symptoms, causes, genetic predisposition, time of day, and effect on the appearance of teeth. Results: While 35.9% were unaware, 41.7% of our samples reported bruxism. The majority recognized temporomandibular joint and facial pain as causative, and 24.8% reported symptoms. Headache (26.4%) was prime and 7.5% were associated with fracture and abnormal tooth wear to bruxism (38.1%) experienced night bruxism. A significant number of students (32.4%) identified abnormal anterior teeth relationship as the cause and (64.3%) associated bruxism and esthetics. Conclusion: Nearly 41.7% of the students reported bruxism. Around 35.9% of the samples were uninformed. Nearly 20.8% believed that bruxism had genetic relevance. Nearly 51.9% of the participants were asymptomatic. Around 38.1% had night bruxism and 32.4% identified abnormal anterior teeth relationship as the cause. The majority of the sample (64.3%) connected bruxism to negative effects on teeth and esthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Umika Vohra
- Interns, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | | | - Sundus Asim
- Interns, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | | | | | - Sura Ali Ahmed
- Diagnostic and Surgical Dental Sciences Department, Gulf Medical University, UAE
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Caivano T, Felipe-Spada N, Roldán-Cubero J, Tomàs-Aliberas J. Influence of genetics and biopsychosocial aspects as etiologic factors of bruxism. Cranio 2021; 39:183-185. [PMID: 33853510 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2021.1904181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Caivano
- Department of TMJ, Universitat Internacional De Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Tomàs-Aliberas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona,
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Ahlberg J, Piirtola M, Lobbezoo F, Manfredini D, Korhonen T, Aarab G, Hublin C, Kaprio J. Correlates and genetics of self‐reported sleep and awake bruxism in a nationwide twin cohort. J Oral Rehabil 2020; 47:1110-1119. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jari Ahlberg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Maarit Piirtola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM HiLIFEUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Daniele Manfredini
- School of Dentistry Department of Biomedical Technologies University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Tellervo Korhonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM HiLIFEUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Ghizlane Aarab
- Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Christer Hublin
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health Helsinki Finland
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM HiLIFEUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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Vieira AR, Scariot R, Gerber JT, Arid J, Küchler EC, Sebastiani AM, Palinkas M, Díaz-Serrano KV, Torres CP, Regalo SCH, Nelson-Filho P, Bussaneli DG, Deeley K, Modesto A. Bruxism Throughout the Lifespan and Variants in MMP2, MMP9 and COMT. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10020044. [PMID: 32471213 PMCID: PMC7354525 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bruxism is a masticatory muscle activity characterized by grinding of the teeth and clenching of the jaw that causes tooth wear and breakage, temporomandibular joint disorders, muscle pain, and headache. Bruxism occurs in both adults and children. Clinical characteristics and habits were evaluated in an adult sample. Moreover, we used DNA samples from 349 adults and 151 children to determine the presence of association with specific genes. Genomic DNA was obtained from saliva. The markers rs2241145 and rs243832 (metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)), rs13925 and rs2236416 (metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)), and rs6269 (cathecol-o-methyltransferase (COMT)) were genotyped. Data were submitted to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. In adults, in univariate logistic regression, presence of caries, attrition, and use of alcohol were increased in bruxism individuals (p < 0.05). In addition, in adults, there was an association between bruxism and MMP9 (rs13925, p = 0.0001) and bruxism and COMT (rs6269, p = 0.003). In children, a borderline association was observed for MMP9 (rs2236416, p = 0.08). When we performed multivariate logistic regression analyses in adults, the same clinical characteristics remained associated with bruxism, and orthodontic treatment was also associated, besides rs13925, in the AG genotype (p = 0.015, ORa: 3.40 (1.27-9.07)). For the first time, we provide statistical evidence that these genes are associate with bruxism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, 335 Sutherland Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.G.B.); (K.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-724-383-8972
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR 81280-330, Brazil; (R.S.); (J.T.G.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Jennifer T. Gerber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR 81280-330, Brazil; (R.S.); (J.T.G.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Juliana Arid
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil; (J.A.); (E.C.K.); (M.P.); (K.V.D.-S.); (C.P.T.); (P.N.-F.)
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil; (J.A.); (E.C.K.); (M.P.); (K.V.D.-S.); (C.P.T.); (P.N.-F.)
| | - Aline M. Sebastiani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Positivo University, Curitiba, PR 81280-330, Brazil; (R.S.); (J.T.G.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Marcelo Palinkas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil; (J.A.); (E.C.K.); (M.P.); (K.V.D.-S.); (C.P.T.); (P.N.-F.)
| | - Kranya V. Díaz-Serrano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil; (J.A.); (E.C.K.); (M.P.); (K.V.D.-S.); (C.P.T.); (P.N.-F.)
| | - Carolina P. Torres
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil; (J.A.); (E.C.K.); (M.P.); (K.V.D.-S.); (C.P.T.); (P.N.-F.)
| | - Simone C. H. Regalo
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-904, Brazil; (J.A.); (E.C.K.); (M.P.); (K.V.D.-S.); (C.P.T.); (P.N.-F.)
| | - Diego G. Bussaneli
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, 335 Sutherland Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.G.B.); (K.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UNESP, Araraquara, SP 14801-385, Brazil
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, 335 Sutherland Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.G.B.); (K.D.); (A.M.)
| | - Adriana Modesto
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, 412 Salk Pavilion, 335 Sutherland Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.G.B.); (K.D.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Cruz-Fierro N, Martínez-Fierro M, Cerda-Flores RM, Gómez-Govea MA, Delgado-Enciso I, Martínez-De-Villarreal LE, González-Ramírez MT, Rodríguez-Sánchez IP. The phenotype, psychotype and genotype of bruxism. Biomed Rep 2018; 8:264-268. [PMID: 29599979 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bruxism is a jaw muscle activity that involves physio-pathological, psycho-social, hereditary and genetic factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between self-reported bruxism, anxiety, and neuroticism personality trait with the rs6313 polymorphism in the gene HTR2A. A sample of 171 subjects of both sexes (14-53 years of age) was included. The control group (group 1, n=60) exhibited no signs or symptoms of bruxism. The case group had signs and symptoms of bruxism (n=112) and was subdivided into group 2, bruxism during sleep (n=22); group 3, awake bruxism (n=44); and group 4 combined bruxism (n=46). As diagnostic tools, the Self-Reported Bruxism Questionnaire (SBQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated (EPQR-A) were used. HTR2A (rs6313) SNPs were determined by qPCR for all the participants. The packages SPSS, maxLik and EPI-INFO were used for data analysis. The combined bruxism group reported higher scores in bruxism symptoms, mean = 32.21; anxiety symptoms, mean = 14.80; and neuroticism, mean = 3.26. Combined bruxism was associated with a higher degree of neuroticism (OR=15.0; CI 1.52-148.32) and anxiety in grade 3-moderate (OR=3.56; CI 1.27-10.03), and grade 4-severe (OR=8.40; CI 1.45-48.61), as determined using EPISODE computer software. Genotypic homogeneity analysis revealed no significant differences in allele frequency (P=0.612) among the four groups. The population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (maxLik package). In conclusion, the three instruments confirm traits of bruxism, anxiety and neuroticism in individuals with bruxism. These data were ratified when the sample was divided by genotypic homogeneity. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the groups in the SNPs rs6313 from the HTR2A gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Cruz-Fierro
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Psicología, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Margarita Martínez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, La Escondida, Zacatecas 98160, México
| | - Ricardo M Cerda-Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Enfermería, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Mayra A Gómez-Govea
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451, México
| | - Iván Delgado-Enciso
- Instituto Estatal de Cáncer, Secretaria de Salud de Colima, La Esperanza, Colima 28085, México
| | | | | | - Irám Pablo Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Genética, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
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Hoashi Y, Okamoto S, Abe Y, Matsumoto T, Tanaka J, Yoshida Y, Imaizumi K, Mishima K, Akamatsu W, Okano H, Baba K. Generation of neural cells using iPSCs from sleep bruxism patients with 5-HT2A polymorphism. J Prosthodont Res 2017; 61:242-250. [PMID: 27916472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep bruxism (SB) is classified as a sleep-related movement disorder characterized by grinding and clenching of the teeth during sleep, which is responsible for a variety of clinical problems such as abnormal tooth attrition and fracture of teeth or roots. Little is known about the etiology of SB. Our previous study identified a genomic association of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs6313 C>T, with SB, where the C allele carrier is associated with a 4.25-fold increased risk of SB. Based on this finding, the aim of this study was to generate of neural cells using SB patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). METHODS Two SB patients with C/C genotype of rs6313 and two controls with T/T genotype were screened by laboratory-based polysomnographic recordings and the TaqMan genotyping assay. Four lines of iPSCs, two from SB patients and two from controls, were established from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by introduction of reprogramming factors. We performed quality control assays on iPSCs using expression of markers for undifferentiated pluripotent cells, immunostaining for pluripotency markers, a three-germ layer assay, and karyotype analysis. The established iPSCs were differentiated into neurons using the neurosphere culture system. 5-HT2A gene expression in these neurons was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Patient-specific iPSCs were successfully differentiated into neurons expressing 5-HT2A. CONCLUSIONS This report is the first successful generation of neural cells using iPSCs from sleep bruxism patients with 5-HT2A polymorphism, which has the potential to elucidate the etiology and underlying mechanism of SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Hoashi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okamoto
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Abe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Tanaka
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Yoshida
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kent Imaizumi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Mishima
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wado Akamatsu
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Baba
- Department of Prosthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
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Khoury S, Carra MC, Huynh N, Montplaisir J, Lavigne GJ. Sleep Bruxism-Tooth Grinding Prevalence, Characteristics and Familial Aggregation: A Large Cross-Sectional Survey and Polysomnographic Validation. Sleep 2016; 39:2049-2056. [PMID: 27568807 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.6242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep bruxism (SB) is characterized by tooth grinding and jaw clenching during sleep. Familial factors may contribute to the occurrence of SB. This study aims are: (1) revisit the prevalence and characteristics of SB in a large cross-sectional survey and assess familial aggregation of SB, (2) assess comorbidity such as insomnia and pain, (3) compare survey data in a subset of subjects diagnosed using polysomnography research criteria. METHODS A sample of 6,357 individuals from the general population in Quebec, Canada, undertook an online survey to assess the prevalence of SB, comorbidities, and familial aggregation. Data on familial aggregation were compared to 111 SB subjects diagnosed using polysomnography. RESULTS Regularly occurring SB was reported by 8.6% of the general population, decreases with age, without any gender difference. SB awareness is concomitant with complaints of difficulties maintaining sleep in 47.6% of the cases. A third of SB positive probands reported pain. A 2.5 risk ratio of having a first-degree family member with SB was found in SB positive probands. The risk of reporting SB in first-degree family ranges from 1.4 to 2.9 with increasing severity of reported SB. Polysomnographic data shows that 37% of SB subjects had at least one first-degree relative with reported SB with a relative risk ratio of 4.625. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the heritability of SB-tooth grinding and that sleep quality and pain are concomitant in a significant number of SB subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Khoury
- Faculty of dental medicine, Université de Montréal, Qc, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | | | - Nelly Huynh
- Faculty of dental medicine, Université de Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | - Jacques Montplaisir
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Qc, Canada
| | - Gilles J Lavigne
- Faculty of dental medicine, Université de Montréal, Qc, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Qc, Canada
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Abstract
Bruxism is defined as the repetitive jaw muscle activity characterized by the clenching or grinding of teeth. It can be categorized into awake and sleep bruxism (SB). Frequent SB occurs in about 13% of adults. The exact etiology of SB is still unknown and probably multifactorial in nature. Current literature suggests that SB is regulated centrally (pathophysiological and psychosocial factors) and not peripherally (morphological factors). Cited consequences of SB include temporomandibular disorders, headaches, tooth wear/fracture, implant, and other restoration failure. Chairside recognition of SB involves the use of subjective reports, clinical examinations, and trial oral splints. Definitive diagnosis of SB can only be achieved using electrophysiological tools. Pharmacological, psychological, and dental strategies had been employed to manage SB. There is at present, no effective treatment that “cures” or “stops” SB permanently. Management is usually directed toward tooth/restoration protection, reduction of bruxism activity, and pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian U Yap
- Department of Dentistry, Sleep Disorders Multi-disciplinary Care Clinic, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Jurong Health Services, Singapore; Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore; School of Science and Technology, SIM University, Singapore
| | - Ai Ping Chua
- Department of Medicine, Sleep Disorders Multi-disciplinary Care Clinic, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Jurong Health Services, Singapore
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Evaluation of genetic factors involved in nocturnal electromyographic activity of masticatory muscles in twins. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 21:319-325. [PMID: 27000072 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to assess sleep bruxism events by directly recording electromyographic activity during sleep and to reveal the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors involved in sleep bruxism in twins. MATERIAL AND METHODS The subjects consisted of 108 twins (mean age 22.2 ± 6.4 years). Electromyographic activity of temporalis muscles during sleep was evaluated using a portable automatic sleep bruxism analyzer (Grindcare 3.0, Medotech A/S), and recordings were carried out for at least three consecutive nights. Quantitative genetic statistics based on structural equation modeling was utilized to estimate variance components. RESULTS Monozygotic twin-pair correlation for the number of nocturnal electromyographic activities recorded in this study (r = 0.463, P = 0.009) was higher than dizygotic twin-pair correlation (r = 0.103, P = 0.725). The proportion of total phenotypic variance in the liability of sleep bruxism to attribute to genetic influences, related to the electromyographic activities, was 48 % (95 % CI 17-95 %) and to unique environmental influences was 52 % (95 % CI 28-82 %). CONCLUSIONS Additive genetic effects may be a contributing factor to the occurrence of nocturnal EMG activity associated with sleep bruxism. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A greater understanding of the contribution of genetic factors could have beneficial uses, including enhanced accuracy of sleep bruxism diagnosis, management of sleep bruxism, and enhanced estimation of the prognosis for patients suffering from sleep bruxism. In addition, it could be also important to adequately evaluate the environmental factors in patients with sleep bruxism.
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Saulue P, Carra MC, Laluque JF, d’Incau E. Understanding bruxism in children and adolescents. Int Orthod 2015; 13:489-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Saulue P, Carra MC, Laluque JF, d'Incau E. Comprendre les bruxismes chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. Int Orthod 2015; 13:S1761-7227(15)00078-9. [PMID: 26608468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria-Clotilde Carra
- UFR d'odontologie Garancière, université Paris VII - Denis-Diderot, service d'odontologie, hôpital Rothschild, 5, rue Santerre, 75012 Paris, France
| | | | - Emmanuel d'Incau
- UFR des sciences odontologiques de Bordeaux, UMR 5199 PACEA, 16-20, Cours-de-la-Marne, 33082 Bordeaux, France
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27
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Lapointe E, Frenette É. Periodic or Rhythmic Movements During Sleep. Sleep Med Clin 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lobbezoo F, Visscher CM, Ahlberg J, Manfredini D. Bruxism and genetics: a review of the literature. J Oral Rehabil 2014; 41:709-14. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Lobbezoo
- Department of Oral Kinesiology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - C. M. Visscher
- Department of Oral Kinesiology; Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA); University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam; MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - J. Ahlberg
- Department of Stomatognathic Physiology and Prosthetic Dentistry; Institute of Dentistry; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - D. Manfredini
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; TMD Clinic; University of Padova; Padova Italy
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