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Taylor M, Simoes F, Smith J, Genapathy S, Canning A, Lledos M, Chan WC, Denning C, Scurr DJ, Steven RT, Spencer SJ, Shard AG, Alexander MR, Zelzer M. Quantifiable correlation of ToF‐SIMS and XPS data from polymer surfaces with controlled amino acid and peptide content. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Taylor
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA
| | - Fabio Simoes
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - James Smith
- School of Medicine University of East Anglia Norwich UK
| | | | - Anne Canning
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - Marina Lledos
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - Weng C. Chan
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - Chris Denning
- School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | - David J. Scurr
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Mischa Zelzer
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
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Abdelhamid HN, Wu HF. Gold nanoparticles assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and applications: from simple molecules to intact cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4485-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Krabbenborg SO, Huskens J. Electrochemically Generated Gradients. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9152-67. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Ultra sensitive affinity chromatography on avidin-functionalized PMMA microchip for low abundant post-translational modified protein enrichment. Biomed Microdevices 2011; 14:67-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Xiong L, Chen Z, Tian Q, Cao T, Xu C, Li F. High contrast upconversion luminescence targeted imaging in vivo using peptide-labeled nanophosphors. Anal Chem 2010; 81:8687-94. [PMID: 19817386 DOI: 10.1021/ac901960d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence targeted imaging in vivo has proven useful in tumor recognition and drug delivery. In the process of in vivo imaging, however, a high autofluorescence background could mask the signals from the fluorescent probes. Herein, a high contrast upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging protocol was developed for targeted imaging of tumors based on RGD-labeled upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) as luminescent labels. Confocal Z-scan imaging of tissue slices revealed that UCL imaging showed no autofluorescence signal even at high penetration depth (approximately 600 microm). More importantly, region of interest (ROI) analysis of the UCL signal in vivo showed that UCL imaging achieved a high signal-to-noise ratio (approximately 24) between the tumor and the background. These results demonstrate that the UCL imaging technique appears particularly suited for applications in tracking and labeling components of complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
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Cai K, Dong H, Chen C, Yang L, Jandt KD, Deng L. Inkjet printing of laminin gradient to investigate endothelial cellular alignment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 72:230-5. [PMID: 19419847 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of the protein surface-density gradient on endothelial cell alignment, a novel approach for the fabrication of a laminin gradient on gold-coated substrates has been developed in this study. Our approach involves programmed inkjet printing of an alkanethiol (11-mercaptoundecanoic acid, C(10)COOH, MUA) gradient onto gold-coated substrates, followed by backfilling with 11-mercapto-1-undecanol (C(11)OH, MUD). The -COOH moieties were activated and then covalently linked with laminin. This treatment led to a surface-density gradient of laminin. Contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluorescence microscopy were employed to characterize the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and protein gradient, respectively. Results proved the feasibility of the fabrication of a protein gradient by using the inkjet printing technique. The self-assembled monolayer gradients displayed a high packing density, as indicated by dynamic contact angle measurement. More importantly, the gradient slope was easily tunable over a significant distance from 20 to 30 mm. The laminin gradient was clearly visible by fluorescence microscopy observation. Endothelial cells cultured on the surface-density gradient of laminin demonstrated a strong alignment tendency in parallel to the gradient. The higher the laminin density the more cells were observed. The result indicates that cell attachment is dependent on the surface density of laminin. This work broadens our methodology to investigate chemical stimuli-induced cell directional alignment. It is potentially important for understanding cell alignment/ingrowth behavior for angiogenesis and implant technology including tissue-engineered structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Aydin D, Hirschfeld-Warneken VC, Spatz JP. Cell adhesion and response to synthetic nanopatterned environments by steering receptor clustering and spatial location. HFSP JOURNAL 2008; 2:276-85. [PMID: 19404439 DOI: 10.2976/1.2976662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During adhesion and spreading, cells form micrometer-sized structures comprising transmembrane and intracellular protein clusters, giving rise to the formation of what is known as focal adhesions. Over the past two decades these structures have been extensively studied to elucidate their organization, assembly, and molecular composition, as well as to determine their functional role. Synthetic materials decorated with biological molecules, such as adhesive peptides, are widely used to induce specific cellular responses dependent on cell adhesion. Here, we focus on how surface patterning of such bioactive materials and organization at the nanoscale level has proven to be a useful strategy for mimicking both physical and chemical cues present in the extracellular space controlling cell adhesion and fate. This strategy for designing synthetic cellular environments makes use of the observation that most cell signaling events are initiated through recruitment and clustering of transmembrane receptors by extracellular-presented signaling molecules. These systems allow for studying protein clustering in cells and characterizing the signaling response induced by, e.g., integrin activation. We review the findings about the regulation of cell adhesion and focal adhesion assembly by micro- and nanopatterns and discuss the possible use of substrate stiffness and patterning in mimicking both physical and chemical cues of the extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Ada Cavalcanti-Adam
- Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Max-Planck-Institute for Metals Research, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany and Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Morgenthaler S, Zink C, Spencer ND. Surface-chemical and -morphological gradients. SOFT MATTER 2008; 4:419-434. [PMID: 32907200 DOI: 10.1039/b715466f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface gradients of chemistry or morphology represent powerful tools for the high-throughput investigation of interfacial phenomena in the areas of physics, chemistry, materials science and biology. A wide variety of methods for the fabrication of such gradients has been developed in recent years, relying on principles ranging from diffusion to time-dependent irradiation in order to achieve a gradual change of a particular parameter across a surface. In this review we have endeavoured to cover the principal fabrication approaches for surface-chemical and surface-morphological gradients that have been described in the literature, and to provide examples of their applications in a variety of different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Morgenthaler
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Zink
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Nicholas D Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Kim BY, Swearingen CB, Ho JAA, Romanova EV, Bohn PW, Sweedler JV. Direct Immobilization of Fab‘ in Nanocapillaries for Manipulating Mass-Limited Samples. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:7620-6. [PMID: 17530757 DOI: 10.1021/ja070041w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interfacing nanoscale elements into a microfluidic device enables a new range of fluidic manipulations. Nanocapillary array membranes (NCAMs), consisting of thin (5 microm < d < 20 microm) membranes containing arrays of nanometer diameter (10 nm < a < 500 nm) pores, are a convenient method of interfacing vertically separated microchannels in microfluidic devices that allow the external control of analyte transport between microfluidic channels. To add functionality to these nanopores beyond simple fluid transport, here we incorporate an antibody-based molecular recognition element onto the pore surface that allows selective capture, purification, and release of specific analytes from a mixture. The pores are fabricated by electroless plating of gold into the nanopores of an NCAM (Au-NCAM). An antibody is then immobilized on the Au-NCAM via gold-thiol chemistry as a thiolated fragment of antigen-binding (Fab') prepared by direct digestion of the antibody followed by reduction of the disulfide linkage on the hinge region. The successful immobilization and biological activity of the resultant Fab' through this protocol is verified on planar gold by fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Selective capture and release of human insulin is verified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The relative mass spectral peak intensities for insulin versus nonantigenic peptides increase more than 20-fold after passing through the Fab'-Au-NCAM relative to the control Au-NCAM. The affinity-tagged Au-NCAM can be incorporated into microfluidic devices to allow the concentration, capture, and characterization of analytes in complex mixtures with high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Jayaraman S, May EL, Hillier AC. Scanning electrochemical mapping of spatially localized electrochemical reactions induced by surface potential gradients. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:10322-8. [PMID: 17128999 DOI: 10.1021/la0607048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The influence of a surface potential gradient on the location and extent of electrochemical reactions was examined using a scanning electrochemical microscope. A linear potential gradient was imposed on the surface of a platinum-coated indium tin oxide electrode by applying two different potential values at the edges of the electrode. The applied potentials were used to control the location and extent of several electrochemical reactions, including the oxidation of Ru(NH3)6(2+), the oxidation of H2, and the oxidation of H2 in the presence of adsorbed CO. Scanning electrochemical mapping of these reactions was achieved by probing the feedback current associated with the oxidation products. The oxidation of Ru(NH3)6(2+) occurred at locations where the applied potential was positive of the formal potential of the Ru(NH3)6(2+/3+) redox couple. The position of this reaction on the surface could be spatially translated by manipulating the terminal potentials. The rate of hydrogen oxidation on the platinum-coated electrode varied spatially in the presence of a potential gradient and correlated with the nature of the electrode surface. High oxidation rates occurred at low potentials, with decreasing rates observed as the potential increased to values where platinum oxides formed. The extent of oxide formation versus position was confirmed with in-situ ellipsometry mapping. In the presence of adsorbed carbon monoxide, a potential gradient created a localized region of high activity for hydrogen oxidation at potentials between where carbon monoxide was adsorbed and platinum oxides formed. The position of this localized region of activity could be readily translated along the surface by changing the terminal potential values. The ability to manipulate electrochemical reactions spatially on a surface has potential application in microscale analytical devices as well as in the discovery and analysis of electrocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrisudersan Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Park SH, Krull U. A spatially resolved nucleic acid biochip based on a gradient of density of immobilized probe oligonucleotide. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Qualitative and quantitative analysis of quaternary ammonium alkaloids from Rhizoma Corydalis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry coupled with a selective precipitation reaction using Reinecke salt. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kang CE, Gemeinhart EJ, Gemeinhart RA. Cellular alignment by grafted adhesion peptide surface density gradients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 71:403-11. [PMID: 15481057 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix and extracellular matrix-associated proteins play a major role in growth and differentiation of tissues and organs. To date, few methods have been developed that allow researchers to examine the affect of surface density gradients of adhesion molecules in a controlled manner. Fibroblasts cultured on surfaces with a surface density gradient of RGD peptide aligned parallel to the gradient while fibroblasts on constant density RGD surfaces spread but did not align as has been shown in numerous earlier studies. Not only did fibroblasts align on the gradient surfaces, but they also showed significantly greater elongation than on constant density peptide surfaces or on control surfaces. This type of method is easy to replicate and can be used by laboratories interested in investigating alignment of various cell types without mechanical force or other stimulation, and without cell-cell interaction or for investigation of affects of surface density gradients of molecules on cellular biochemistry and biophysics. This method also has potential applications for developing scaffolds for tissue engineering applications where cellular alignment is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Kang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Edirisinghe PD, Lateef SS, Crot CA, Hanley L, Pellin MJ, Calaway WF, Moore JF. Derivatization of Surface-Bound Peptides for Mass Spectrometric Detection via Threshold Single Photon Ionization. Anal Chem 2004; 76:4267-70. [PMID: 15283559 DOI: 10.1021/ac049434t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemical derivatization of peptides allows efficient F2 laser single photon ionization (SPI) of Fmoc-derivatized peptides covalently bound to surfaces. Laser desorption photoionization mass spectrometry using 337-nm pulses for desorption and 157.6-nm pulses for threshold SPI forms large ions identified as common peptide fragments bound to either Fmoc or the surface linker. Electronic structure calculations indicate the Fmoc label is behaving as an ionization tag for the entire peptide, lowering the ionization potential of the complex below the 7.87-eV photon energy. This method should allow detection of many molecular species covalently or electrostatically bound to surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praneeth D Edirisinghe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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