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Huang C, Wang H, Zhou J, Huang Y, Ren Y, Zhao K, Wang Y, Hou M, Zhang J, Liu Y, Ma X, Yan J, Bu D, Chai W, Sun S, Li Y. Protocol for automated N-glycan sequencing using mass spectrometry and computer-assisted intelligent fragmentation. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102976. [PMID: 38635398 PMCID: PMC11043862 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological functions of glycans are intimately linked to fine details in branches and linkages, which make structural identification extremely challenging. Here, we present a protocol for automated N-glycan sequencing using multi-stage mass spectrometry (MSn). We describe steps for release/purification and derivation of glycans and procedures for MSn scanning. We then detail "glycan intelligent precursor selection" to computationally guide MSn experiments. The protocol can be used for both discrete individual glycans and isomeric glycan mixtures. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sun et al.,1 Huang et al.,2 and Huang et al.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; Western Institute of Health Data Science, 28 High Tech Avenue, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Ne Laboratory, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yikang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yihui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Keli Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China; Western Institute of Health Data Science, 28 High Tech Avenue, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Yaojun Wang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meijie Hou
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yaming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dongbo Bu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, W120NN London, UK.
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; Western Institute of Health Data Science, 28 High Tech Avenue, Chongqing 401329, China.
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2
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Nguan HS, Chen JL, Ni CK. Collision-Induced Dissociation of Fucose and Identification of Anomericity. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3812-3820. [PMID: 38690855 PMCID: PMC11103703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Structural determination of carbohydrates using mass spectrometry remains challenging, particularly, the differentiation of anomeric configurations. In this work, we studied the collision-induced dissociation (CID) mechanisms of sodiated α- and β-l-fucose using an experimental method and quantum chemistry calculations. The calculations show that α-l-fucose is more likely to undergo dehydration due to the fact that O1 and O2 are on the same side of the sugar ring. In contrast, β-l-fucose is more prone to the ring-opening reaction because more OH groups are on the same side of the sugar ring as O1. These differences suggest a higher preference for the dehydration reaction in sodiated α-l-fucose but a lower preference for ring-opening compared to that of β-l-fucose. The calculation results, which are used to assign the CID mass spectra of α- and β-l-fucose separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, are supported by the fucose produced from the CID of disaccharides Fuc-β-(1 → 3)-GlcNAc and Fuc-α-(1 → 4)-GlcNAc. This study demonstrates that the correlation of cis- and trans-configurations of O1 and O2 to the relative branching ratios of dehydration and cross-ring dissociation in CID, observed in aldohexose and ketohexose in the pyranose form, can be extended to deoxyhexoses for anomericity determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia
Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia
Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia
Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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3
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Liu Y, Yang T, Rong J, Yuan J, Man L, Wei M, Fan J, Lan Y, Liu Y, Gong G, Lu Y, Song X, Wang Z, Huang L. Integrated analysis of natural glycans using a versatile pyrazolone-type heterobifunctional tag ANPMP. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121617. [PMID: 38171699 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Glycans mediate various biological processes through carbohydrate-protein interactions, and glycan microarrays have become indispensable tools for understanding these mechanisms. However, advances in functional glycomics are hindered by the absence of convenient and universal methods for obtaining natural glycan libraries with diverse structures from glycoconjugates. To address this challenge, we have developed an integrative approach that enables one-pot release and simultaneously capture, separation, structural characterization, and functional analysis of N/O-glycans. Using this approach, glycoconjugates are incubated with a pyrazolone-type heterobifunctional tag-ANPMP to obtain glycan-2ANPMP conjugates, which are then converted to glycan-AEPMP conjugates. We prepared a tagged glycan library from porcine gastric mucin, soy protein, human milk oligosaccharides, etc. Following derivatization by N-acetylation and permethylation, glycans were subjected to detailed structural characterization by ESI-MSn analysis, which revealed >83 highly pure glycan-AEPMPs containing various natural glycan epitopes. A shotgun microarray is constructed to study the fine details of glycan-bindings by proteins and antisera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Tong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Jinqiao Rong
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Jinhang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Lijuan Man
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Ming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Jiangbo Fan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, PR China
| | - Yao Lan
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Yinchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Guiping Gong
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Yu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China
| | - Xuezheng Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering of Xi'an, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, PR China.
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4
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Abikhodr AH, Warnke S, Ben Faleh A, Rizzo TR. Combining Liquid Chromatography and Cryogenic IR Spectroscopy in Real Time for the Analysis of Oligosaccharides. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1462-1467. [PMID: 38211954 PMCID: PMC10831784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
While the combination of liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) serves as a robust approach for oligosaccharide analysis, it has difficulty distinguishing the smallest differences between isomers. The integration of infrared (IR) spectroscopy within a mass spectrometer as an additional analytical dimension can effectively address this limitation by providing a molecular fingerprint that is unique to each isomer. However, the direct interfacing of LC-MS with IR spectroscopy presents a technical challenge arising from the mismatch in the operational time scale of each method. In previous studies, this temporal incompatibility was mitigated by employing strategies designed to slow down or broaden the LC elution peaks of interest, but this workaround is applicable only for a few species at a time, necessitating multiple LC runs for comprehensive analysis. In the current work, we directly couple LC with cryogenic IR spectroscopy by acquiring a spectrum in as little as 10 s. This allows us to generate an orthogonal data dimension for molecular identification in the same amount of time that it normally takes for LC analysis. We successfully demonstrate this approach on a commercially available human milk oligosaccharide product, acquiring spectral information on the eluting peaks in real time and using it to identify both the specified constituents and nonspecified product impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H Abikhodr
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Warnke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Ben Faleh
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Rizzo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Moléculaire, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC LCPM, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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5
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Patras MA, Davalos JZ, Kuhnert N. Understanding the fragmentation of glucose in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2023; 58:e4972. [PMID: 37614033 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentation mechanism of D-glucose was investigated in detail by two different fragmentation techniques, namely, collision-induced dissociation (CID) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) using all six 13 C-labeled isotopomers and 2 H-labeled isotopomers. For both CID and IRMPD energy-resolved measurements were carried out. Individual fragmentation pathways were studied at MS2 and MS3 levels. Additionally, we have developed an HPLC-tandem MS method to separate the anomers of D-glucose using a HILIC column and investigated their fragmentation patterns individually. We propose a complete fragmentation landscape of D-glucose, demonstrating that a rather simple multifunctional molecule displays extreme complexity in gas phase dissociation, following multiple parallel fragmentation routes yielding a total of 23 distinct fragment ions. The results allowed a detailed formulation of the complex fragmentation mechanism of D-glucose. The results have immediate consequences for the full structure analysis of complex carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Patras
- School of Science, Constructor University, Bremen, Germany
| | - Juan Z Davalos
- Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Liew CY, Reddy NS, Hung SC, Ni CK. The collision-induced dissociation mechanism of sodiated Hex-HexNAc disaccharides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22179-22194. [PMID: 37565323 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02530f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Determining carbohydrate structures, such as their compositions, linkage positions, and in particular the anomers and stereoisomers, is a great challenge. Isomers of different anomers or stereoisomers have the same sequences of chemical bonds, but have different orientations of some chemical bonds which are difficult to be distinguished by mass spectrometry. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectroscopy (MS/MS) is a widely used technique for characterizing carbohydrate structures. Understanding the carbohydrate dissociation mechanism is important for obtaining the structural information from MS/MS. In this work, we studied the CID mechanism of galactose-N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal-GalNAc) and glucose-N-acetylglucosamine (Glc-GlcNAc) disaccharides with 1→3 and 1→4 linkages. For Gal-GalNAc disaccharides, the CID mass spectra of sodium ion adducts show significant difference between the α- and β-anomers of GalNAc at the reducing end, while no difference in the CID mass spectra between two anomers of Glc-GlcNAc disaccharides was found. Quantum chemistry calculations show that for Gal-GalNAc disaccharides, the difference of the dissociation barriers between dehydration and glycosidic bond cleavage is significantly small in the β-anomer compared to that in the α-anomer; while these differences are similar between the α- and β-anomers of Glc-GlcNAc disaccharides. These differences can be attributed to the different orientations of hydroxyl and N-acetyl groups located at GalNAc and GlcNAc. The calculation results are consistent with the CID spectra of isotope labelled disaccharides. Our study provides an insight into the CID of 1→3 and 1→4 linked Gal-GalNAc and Glc-GlcNAc disaccharides. This information is useful for determining the anomeric configurations of GalNAc in oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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7
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Liew CY, Luo HS, Yang TY, Hung AT, Magoling BJA, Lai CPK, Ni CK. Identification of the High Mannose N-Glycan Isomers Undescribed by Conventional Multicellular Eukaryotic Biosynthetic Pathways. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37235553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications of proteins. Current knowledge of multicellular eukaryote N-glycan biosynthesis suggests high mannose N-glycans are generated in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus through conserved biosynthetic pathways. According to conventional biosynthetic pathways, four Man7GlcNAc2 isomers, three Man6GlcNAc2 isomers, and one Man5GlcNAc2 isomer are generated during this process. In this study, we applied our latest mass spectrometry method, logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry (LODES/MSn), to re-examine high mannose N-glycans extracted from various multicellular eukaryotes which are not glycosylation mutants. LODES/MSn identified many high mannose N-glycan isomers previously unreported in plantae, animalia, cancer cells, and fungi. A database consisting of retention time and CID MSn mass spectra was constructed for all possible MannGlcNAc2 (n = 5, 6, 7) isomers that include the isomers by removing arbitrary numbers and positions of mannose from canonical N-glycan, Man9GlcNAc2. Many N-glycans in this database are not found in current N-glycan mass spectrum libraries. The database is useful for rapid high mannose N-glycan isomeric identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Sheng Luo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| | - An-Ti Hung
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Bryan John Abel Magoling
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Charles Pin-Kuang Lai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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8
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Ghosh K, Takahashi D, Kotake T. Plant type II arabinogalactan: Structural features and modification to increase functionality. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108828. [PMID: 37182471 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Type II arabinogalactans (AGs) are a highly diverse class of plant polysaccharides generally encountered as the carbohydrate moieties of certain extracellular proteoglycans, the so-called arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), which are found on plasma membranes and in cell walls. The basic structure of type II AG is a 1,3-β-D-galactan main chain with 1,6-β-D-galactan side chains. The side chains are further decorated with other sugars such as α-l-arabinose and β-d-glucuronic acid. In addition, AGs with 1,6-β-D-galactan as the main chain, which are designated as 'type II related AG' in this review, can also be found in several plants. Due to their diverse and heterogenous features, the determination of carbohydrate structures of type II and type II related AGs is not easy. On the other hand, these complex AGs are scientifically and commercially attractive materials whose structures can be modified by chemical and biochemical approaches for specific purposes. In the current review, what is known about the chemical structures of type II and type II related AGs from different plant sources is outlined. After that, structural analysis techniques are considered and compared. Finally, structural modifications that enhance or alter functionality are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Bidhan Chandra College, Asansol, 713304, West Bengal, India.
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Kotake
- Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan; Green Bioscience Research Center, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama City, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
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9
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Hollenhorst MA, Tiemeyer KH, Mahoney KE, Aoki K, Ishihara M, Lowery SC, Rangel-Angarita V, Bertozzi CR, Malaker SA. Comprehensive analysis of platelet glycoprotein Ibα ectodomain glycosylation. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:995-1009. [PMID: 36740532 PMCID: PMC10065957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα is the major ligand-binding subunit of the GPIb-IX-V complex that binds von Willebrand factor. GPIbα is heavily glycosylated, and its glycans have been proposed to play key roles in platelet clearance, von Willebrand factor binding, and as target antigens in immune thrombocytopenia syndromes. Despite its importance in platelet biology, the glycosylation profile of GPIbα is not well characterized. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze GPIbα amino acid sites of glycosylation (glycosites) and glycan structures. METHODS GPIbα ectodomain that was recombinantly expressed or that was purified from human platelets was analyzed by Western blot, mass spectrometry glycomics, and mass spectrometry glycopeptide analysis to define glycosites and the structures of the attached glycans. RESULTS We identified a diverse repertoire of N- and O-glycans, including sialoglycans, Tn antigen, T antigen, and ABO(H) blood group antigens. In the analysis of the recombinant protein, we identified 62 unique O-glycosites. In the analysis of the endogenous protein purified from platelets, we identified 48 unique O-glycosites and 1 N-glycosite. The GPIbα mucin domain is densely O-glycosylated. Glycosites are also located within the macroglycopeptide domain and mechanosensory domain. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive analysis of GPIbα glycosylation lays the foundation for further studies to determine the functional and structural roles of GPIbα glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Hollenhorst
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. https://twitter.com/HollenhorstM
| | | | - Keira E Mahoney
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mayumi Ishihara
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sarah C Lowery
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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10
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Tsai ST, Hsu HC, Ni CK. A simple tandem mass spectrometry method for structural identification of pentose oligosaccharides. Analyst 2023; 148:1712-1731. [PMID: 36929945 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation of stereoisomers that are only dissimilar in the orientation of chemical bonds in space by mass spectrometry remains challenging. Structural determination of carbohydrates by mass spectrometry is difficult, mainly due to the large number of stereoisomers in carbohydrates. Arabinose and xylose are pentose stereoisomers typically present in plant polysaccharides and exist in α- and β-anomeric configurations of furanose and pyranose forms. Conventional methods used to determine the structures of polysaccharides include hydrolysis of polysaccharides into oligosaccharides followed by identification of these oligosaccharides' structures individually through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Although the sensitivity of mass spectrometry is much higher than that of NMR, conventional mass spectrometry provides only limited useful information on oligosaccharide structure determination, only the linkage positions of glycosidic bonds. In this study, we demonstrated a mass spectrometry method for the identification of linkage positions, anomeric configurations, and monosaccharide stereoisomers of intact oligosaccharides consisting of arabinose and xylose. We separated arabinose and xylose monosaccharides into α-furanose, β-furanose, α-pyranose, and β-pyranose forms through high-performance liquid chromatography and obtained the corresponding collision-induced dissociation mass spectra. Using these monosaccharide spectra and a flow chart consisting of the proper CID sequences derived from the dissociation mechanisms of pentose, a simple multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry method for structural identification of intact oligosaccharides consisting of arabinose and xylose was developed. The new mass spectrometry method provides a simple method for determining the structure of polysaccharides consisting of arabinose and xylose. The flow chart can be used in computer coding for automation, an ultimate goal for oligosaccharide structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Hsu-Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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11
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Phan HT, Tsou PK, Hsu PJ, Kuo JL. A first-principles exploration of the conformational space of sodiated pyranose assisted by neural network potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5817-5826. [PMID: 36745400 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04411k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sampling the conformational space of monosaccharides using the first-principles methods is important and as a database of local minima provides a solid base for interpreting experimental measurements such as infrared photo-dissociation (IRPD) spectroscopy or collision-induced dissociation (CID). IRPD emphasizes low-energy conformers and CID can distinguish conformers with distinct reaction pathways. A typical computational approach is to engage empirical or semi-empirical methods to sample the conformational space first, and only selected minima are reoptimized at first-principles levels. In this work, we propose a computational scheme to explore the configurational space of 12 types of sodiated pyranoses with the assistance of a neural network potential (NNP). We demonstrated that it is possible to train an NNP based on the density functional calculations extracted from a previous study on sodiated glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), and mannose (Man). This NNP yields a better description of the other five types of aldohexoses than the four types of ketohexoses. We further show that such a discrepancy in the accuracy of NNP can be resolved by an active learning scheme where the NNP model is engaged in generating the data and has itself updated. Through this iterative process, we can locate more than 17 000 distinct local minima at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level and an NNP with an accuracy of 1 kJ mol-1 was created, which can be used for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kang Tsou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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12
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Lee J, Chai M, Bleiholder C. Differentiation of Isomeric, Nonseparable Carbohydrates Using Tandem-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:747-757. [PMID: 36547374 PMCID: PMC10126951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play important roles in biological processes, but their identification remains a significant analytical problem. While mass spectrometry has increasingly enabled the elucidation of carbohydrates, current approaches are limited in their abilities to differentiate isomeric carbohydrates when these are not separated prior to tandem-mass spectrometry analysis. This analytical challenge takes on increased relevance because of the pervasive presence of isomeric carbohydrates in biological systems. Here, we demonstrate that TIMS2-MS2 workflows enabled by tandem-trapped ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (tTIMS/MS) provide a general approach to differentiate isomeric, nonseparated carbohydrates. Our analysis shows that (1) cross sections measured by TIMS are sufficiently precise and robust for ion identification; (2) fragment ion cross sections from TIMS2 analysis can be analytically exploited to identify carbohydrate precursors even if the precursor ions are not separated by TIMS; (3) low-abundant fragment ions can be exploited to identify carbohydrate precursors even if the precursor ions are not separated by IMS. (4) MS2 analysis of fragment ions produced by TIMS2 can be used to validate and/or further characterize carbohydrate structures. Taken together, our analysis underlines the opportunities that tandem-ion mobility spectrometry/MS methods offer for the characterization of mixtures of isomeric carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jusung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Mengqi Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Christian Bleiholder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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13
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Huang C, Hou M, Yan J, Wang H, Wang Y, Cao C, Wang Y, Gao H, Ma X, Zheng Y, Bu D, Chai W, Li Y, Sun S. GIPS-Mix for Accurate Identification of Isomeric Components in Glycan Mixtures Using Intelligent Group-Opting Strategy. Anal Chem 2022; 95:811-819. [PMID: 36547394 PMCID: PMC9850354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Accurate identification of glycan structures is highly desirable as they are intimately linked to their different functions. However, glycan samples generally exist as mixtures with multiple isomeric structures, making assignment of individual glycan components very challenging, even with the aid of multistage mass spectrometry (MSn). Here, we present an approach, GIPS-mix, for assignment of isomeric glycans within a mixture using an intelligent group-opting strategy. Our approach enumerates all possible combinations (groupings) of candidate glycans and opts in the best-matched glycan group(s) based on the similarity between the simulated spectra of each glycan group and the acquired experimental spectra of the mixture. In the case that a single group could not be elected, a tie break is performed by additional MSn scanning using intelligently selected precursors. With 11 standard mixtures and 6 human milk oligosaccharide fractions, we demonstrate the application of GIPS-mix in assignment of individual glycans in mixtures with high accuracy and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncui Huang
- Institute
of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing100101, China
| | - Meijie Hou
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing100080, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science
for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian116023, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing100080, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing100080, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China
| | - Cuiyan Cao
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science
for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian116023, China
| | - Yaojun Wang
- College
of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing100083, China
| | - Huanyu Gao
- Institute
of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing100101, China
| | - Xinyue Ma
- Institute
of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing100101, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Separation Science
for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian116023, China
| | - Dongbo Bu
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing100080, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences
Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial
College London, LondonW12 0NN, United Kingdom,
| | - Yan Li
- Institute
of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing100101, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China,
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing100080, China,University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing100049, China,
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14
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Nguan HS, Ni CK. Collision-Induced Dissociation of α-Isomaltose and α-Maltose. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8799-8808. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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15
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Zappe A, Miller RL, Struwe WB, Pagel K. State-of-the-art glycosaminoglycan characterization. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:1040-1071. [PMID: 34608657 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are heterogeneous acidic polysaccharides involved in a range of biological functions. They have a significant influence on the regulation of cellular processes and the development of various diseases and infections. To fully understand the functional roles that GAGs play in mammalian systems, including disease processes, it is essential to understand their structural features. Despite having a linear structure and a repetitive disaccharide backbone, their structural analysis is challenging and requires elaborate preparative and analytical techniques. In particular, the extent to which GAGs are sulfated, as well as variation in sulfate position across the entire oligosaccharide or on individual monosaccharides, represents a major obstacle. Here, we summarize the current state-of-the-art methodologies used for GAG sample preparation and analysis, discussing in detail liquid chromatograpy and mass spectrometry-based approaches, including advanced ion activation methods, ion mobility separations and infrared action spectroscopy of mass-selected species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zappe
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Miller
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen Centre for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kevin Pagel
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Liew CY, Hsu HC, Nguan HS, Huang YC, Zhong YQ, Hung SC, Ni CK. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Memories of Carbohydrate Fragments in Collision-Induced Dissociation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1891-1903. [PMID: 36111786 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometry is commonly used for carbohydrate structural determinations. In the CID tandem mass spectrometry approach, carbohydrates are dissociated into fragments, and this is followed by the structural identification of fragments through subsequent CID. The success of the structural analysis depends on the structural correlation of fragments before and after dissociation, that is, structural memory of fragments. Fragments that completely lose the memory of their original structures cannot be used for structural analysis. By contrast, fragments with extremely strong correlations between the structures before and after fragmentation retain the information on their original structures as well as have memories of their precursors' entire structures. The CID spectra of these fragments depend on their own structures and on the remaining parts of the precursor structures, making structural analysis impractical. For effective structural analysis, the fragments produced from a precursor must have good structural memory, meaning that the structures of these fragments retain their original structure, and they must not be strongly affected by the remaining parts of the precursors. In this study, we found that most of the carbohydrate fragments produced by low-energy CID have good memory in terms of linkage position and anomericity. Fragments with ugly memory, where fragment structures change with the remaining parts of the precursors, can be attributed to C ion formation in a linear form. Fragments with ugly memory can be changed to have good memory by preventing linear C ion generation by using an alternative CID sequence, or the fragments of ugly memory can become useful in structural analysis when the contribution of linear C ions in fragmentation patterns is understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) of Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsu Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Huang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Qing Zhong
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) of Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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17
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Mukherjee S, Jana S, Khawas S, Kicuntod J, Marschall M, Ray B, Ray S. Synthesis, molecular features and biological activities of modified plant polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Unusual free oligosaccharides in human bovine and caprine milk. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10790. [PMID: 35750794 PMCID: PMC9232581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Free oligosaccharides are abundant macronutrients in milk and involved in prebiotic functions and antiadhesive binding of viruses and pathogenic bacteria to colonocytes. Despite the importance of these oligosaccharides, structural determination of oligosaccharides is challenging, and milk oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathways remain unclear. Oligosaccharide structures are conventionally determined using a combination of chemical reactions, exoglycosidase digestion, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Most reported free oligosaccharides are highly abundant and have lactose at the reducing end, and current oligosaccharide biosynthetic pathways in human milk are proposed based on these oligosaccharides. In this study, a new mass spectrometry technique, which can identify linkages, anomericities, and stereoisomers, was applied to determine the structures of free oligosaccharides in human, bovine, and caprine milk. Oligosaccharides that do not follow the current biosynthetic pathways and are not synthesized by any discovered enzymes were found, indicating the existence of undiscovered biosynthetic pathways and enzymes.
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19
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Wong HTK, Chen X, Wu R, Wong YLE, Hung YLW, Chan TWD. Dissociation of Mannose-Rich Glycans Using Collision-Based and Electron-Based Ion Activation Methods. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:803-812. [PMID: 35380839 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Three dissociation methods, including collision-induced dissociation (CID), electron capture dissociation (ECD), and electronic excitation dissociation (EED), were evaluated for the dissociation of doubly charged glycans using sodium or magnesium ions as charge carriers. CID produced mainly glycosidic cleavages, although more cross-ring fragment ions could be obtained at higher intensities when magnesium ions were used as charge carriers [M + Mg]2+. The 0,2A3, 0,3A3, and 0,4A3 ions provided structural information on the 3 → 1 and 6 → 1 linkages of the mannoses. Some internal fragment ions, such as 2,4A5_Y3β, were also produced in high abundance, thus providing additional information on the glycan structure. ECD produced limited fragments compared to other dissociation methods when either of the metal ions were used as charge carriers. Cross-ring fragments were obtained in relatively high abundance, with the charge mainly retained on the nonreducing end. EED produced extensive glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages when either metal charge carrier was used. A higher fragmentation efficiency was achieved and more structural-specific fragments were produced when Na+ was used as the charge carrier. Of the 31 possible cross-ring cleavages, including 0,2-, 0,4-, 1,5-, 2,4-, and 3,5-cleavages, 25 were found, thus providing extensive linkage information. A wide range of fragment ions could be obtained in all dissociation methods when Mg2+ was used as the charge carrier. Two specific analytical approaches were found to produce extensively structural-specific information on the glycans studied, namely CID of magnesiated glycans and EED of sodiated glycans. These two methods were selected to further analyze the larger mannose-rich glycans Man6GlcNAc2 and Man8GlcNAc2 and generated extensive structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-T Kitty Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Ri Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Y-L Elaine Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Y-L Winnie Hung
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - T-W Dominic Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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20
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Xiao Z, Hou X, Zhang T, Yuan Y, Xiao J, Song W, Yue T. Starch-digesting product analysis based on the hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry method to evaluate the inhibition of flavonoids on pancreatic α-amylase. Food Chem 2022; 372:131175. [PMID: 34653779 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An accurate hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS) method is presented to characterize starch digestion by α-amylase and measure the inhibition properties of flavonoids against α-amylase in vitro. Eleven products were found as 1 → 4 linkage glucose oligosaccharides with different degrees of polymerization (DPs) from 2 to 12. The products with DPs of 2, 3, 6, 7, and 9 had higher yields. The product with DP of 9 had the highest yields, which first increased and then decreased with the reaction time. Pelargonidin has the best inhibition activity on all enzyme products. The 3'-hydroxyl of B-ring enhanced the inhibition activity of flavonol and flavone but weakened that of anthocyanin. The C-ring 3-hydroxyl increased the inhibition effect of flavonol on maltose but decreased that on the products with higher DPs than flavone. The HILIC-MS method can provide more detailed information on enzyme products for the study of flavonoids inhibiting α-amylase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengcao Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wei Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Laboratory of Nutritional and Healthy Food-Individuation Manufacturing Engineering, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Research Center of Food Safety Risk Assessment and Control, Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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21
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Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Ni CK. Collision-Induced Dissociation of Cellobiose and Maltose. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1486-1495. [PMID: 35212541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structure determination is a longstanding bottleneck of carbohydrate research. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is one of the most widely used methods for carbohydrate structure determination. However, the effectiveness of MS/MS depends on how the precursor structures are derived from the observed fragments. Understanding the dissociation mechanisms is crucial for MS/MS-based structure determination. Herein, we investigate the collision-induced dissociation mechanism of β-cellobiose and β-maltose sodium adducts using quantum chemical calculations and experimental measurements. Four dissociation channels are studied. Dehydration mainly occurs through the transfer of an H atom to O1 of the sugar at the reducing end, followed by a C1-O1 bond cleavage; cross-ring dissociation starts with a ring-opening reaction, which occurs through the transfer of an H atom from O1 to O5 of the sugar at the reducing end. These two dissociation channels are analogous to that of glucose monosaccharide. The third channel, generation of B1 and Y1 ions, occurs through the transfer of an H atom from O3 (cellobiose) or O2 (maltose) to O1 of the sugar at the nonreducing end, followed by a glycosidic bond cleavage. The fourth channel, C1-Z1 fragmentation, has two mechanisms: (1) the transfer of an H atom from O3 or O2 to O4 of the sugar at the reducing end to generate C ions in the ring form and (2) the transfer of an H atom from O3 of the sugar at the reducing end to O5 of the sugar at the nonreducing end to produce C ions in the linear form. The results of calculations are supported by experimental collision-induced dissociation spectral measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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22
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Li K, Li XQ, Li GX, Cui LJ, Qin XM, Li ZY, Du YG, Liu YT, Li AP, Zhao XY, Fan XH. Relationship Between the Structure and Immune Activity of Components From the Active Polysaccharides APS-II of Astragali Radix by Enzymolysis of Endo α-1,4-Glucanase. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:839635. [PMID: 35281923 PMCID: PMC8913491 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.839635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix polysaccharides (APSs) have a wide range of biological activities. Our preliminary experiment showed that APS-Ⅱ (10 kDa) was the main immunologically active component of APSs. However, the characteristic structure related to activity of APS-Ⅱ needs further verification and clarification. In this study, APS-II was degraded by endo α-1,4-glucosidase. The degraded products with different degrees of polymerization [1–3 (P1), 3–6 (P2), 7–14 (P3), and 10–18 (P4)] were obtained using a polyacrylamide gel chromatography column. The structural features of the different products were characterized by HPGPC, monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, GC–MS, nuclear magnetic resonance, and UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis. Specific immune and non-specific immune cell tests were used to identify the most immunogenic fractions of the products. The backbone of P4 was speculated to be α-D-1,4-linked glucans and rich in C2 (25.34%) and C6 (34.54%) branches. Immune screening experiments indicated that the activity of P4 was better than that of APS-II and the other three components. In this research, the relationship between the structure of APS-Ⅱ and the immune activity from the degradation level of polysaccharides was studied, laying a foundation for the quality control and product development of APSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Li, ; Yu-guang Du,
| | - Xue-qin Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guang-xin Li
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lian-jie Cui
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue-mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhen-yu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu-guang Du
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ke Li, ; Yu-guang Du,
| | - Yue-tao Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ai-ping Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xing-yun Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin-hui Fan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Active Constituents Research and Utilization of TCM, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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23
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Liew CY, Chan CK, Huang SP, Cheng YT, Tsai ST, Hsu HC, Wang CC, Ni CK. De novo structural determination of oligosaccharide isomers in glycosphingolipids using logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry. Analyst 2021; 146:7345-7357. [PMID: 34766961 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01448j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of carbohydrates in biological systems, structural determination of carbohydrates remains difficult because of the large number of isomers. In this study, a new mass spectrometry method, namely logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry (LODES/MSn), was developed to characterize oligosaccharide structures. In this approach, sequential collision-induced dissociation (CID) of oligosaccharides is performed in an ion trap mass spectrometer to identify the linkage position, anomeric configuration, and stereoisomers of each monosaccharide in the oligosaccharides. The CID sequences are derived from carbohydrate dissociation mechanisms. LODES/MSn does not require oligosaccharide standards or the prior knowledge of the rules and principles of biosynthetic pathways; thus LODES/MSn is particularly useful for the investigation of undiscovered oligosaccharides. We demonstrated that the structure of core oligosaccharides in glycosphingolipids can be identified from more than 500 000 isomers using LODES/MSn. The same method can be applied for determining the structures of other oligosaccharides, such as N-, and O-glycans, and free oligosaccharides in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,an International Graduate Program (TIGP) of Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Academia Sinica, Taiw, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Kai Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsu Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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24
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Structural identification of N-glycan isomers using logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry. Commun Chem 2021; 4:92. [PMID: 36697781 PMCID: PMC9814355 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00532-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is one of the most important protein post-translational modifications. Despite the importance of N-glycans, the structural determination of N-glycan isomers remains challenging. Here we develop a mass spectrometry method, logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry (LODES/MSn), to determine the structures of N-glycan isomers that cannot be determined using conventional mass spectrometry. In LODES/MSn, the sequences of successive collision-induced dissociation are derived from carbohydrate dissociation mechanisms and apply to N-glycans in an ion trap for structural determination. We validate LODES/MSn using synthesized N-glycans and subsequently applied this method to N-glycans extracted from soybean, ovalbumin, and IgY. Our method does not require permethylation, reduction, and labeling of N-glycans, or the mass spectrum databases of oligosaccharides and N-glycan standards. Moreover, it can be applied to all types of N-glycans (high-mannose, hybrid, and complex), as well as the N-glycans degraded from larger N-glycans by any enzyme or acid hydrolysis.
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25
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Kurz S, Sheikh MO, Lu S, Wells L, Tiemeyer M. Separation and Identification of Permethylated Glycan Isomers by Reversed Phase NanoLC-NSI-MS n. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100045. [PMID: 33376194 PMCID: PMC8724860 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
HPLC has been employed for decades to enhance detection sensitivity and quantification of complex analytes within biological mixtures. Among these analytes, glycans released from glycoproteins and glycolipids have been characterized as underivatized or fluorescently tagged derivatives by HPLC coupled to various detection methods. These approaches have proven extremely useful for profiling the structural diversity of glycoprotein and glycolipid glycosylation but require the availability of glycan standards and secondary orthogonal degradation strategies to validate structural assignments. A robust method for HPLC separation of glycans as their permethylated derivatives, coupled with in-line multidimensional ion fragmentation (MSn) to assign structural features independent of standards, would significantly enhance the depth of knowledge obtainable from biological samples. Here, we report an optimized workflow for LC-MS analysis of permethylated glycans that includes sample preparation, mobile phase optimization, and MSn method development to resolve structural isomers on-the-fly. We report baseline separation and MSn of isomeric N- and O-glycan structures, aided by supplementing mobile phases with Li+, which simplifies adduct heterogeneity and facilitates cross-ring fragmentation to obtain valuable monosaccharide linkage information. Our workflow has been adapted from standard proteomics-based workflows and, therefore, provides opportunities for laboratories with expertise in proteomics to acquire glycomic data with minimal deviation from existing buffer systems, chromatography media, and instrument configurations. Furthermore, our workflow does not require a mass spectrometer with high-resolution/accurate mass capabilities. The rapidly evolving appreciation of the biological significance of glycans for human health and disease requires the implementation of high-throughput methods to identify and quantify glycans harvested from sample sets of sufficient size to achieve appropriately powered statistical significance. The LC-MSn approach we report generates glycan isomeric separations and robust structural characterization and is amenable to autosampling with associated throughput enhancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kurz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - M Osman Sheikh
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
| | - Michael Tiemeyer
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
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26
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Ray B, Schütz M, Mukherjee S, Jana S, Ray S, Marschall M. Exploiting the Amazing Diversity of Natural Source-Derived Polysaccharides: Modern Procedures of Isolation, Engineering, and Optimization of Antiviral Activities. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E136. [PMID: 33396933 PMCID: PMC7794815 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring polysaccharide sulfates are highly diverse, owning variations in the backbone structure, linkage pattern and stereochemistry, branching diversity, sulfate content and positions of sulfate group(s). These structural characteristics bring about diverse sulfated polymers with dissimilar negative charge densities and structure-activity relationships. Herein, we start with a short discussion of techniques needed for extraction, purification, chemical sulfation, and structural characterization of polysaccharides. Processes of isolation and sulfation of plant-derived polysaccharides are challenging and usually involve two steps. In this context, we describe an integrated extraction-sulfation procedure that produces polysaccharide sulfates from natural products in one step, thereby generating additional pharmacological activities. Finally, we provide examples of the spectrum of natural source-derived polysaccharides possessing specific features of bioactivity, in particular focusing on current aspects of antiviral drug development and drug-target interaction. Thus, the review presents a detailed view on chemically engineered polysaccharides, especially sulfated derivatives, and underlines their promising biomedical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimalendu Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India; (B.R.); (S.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Martin Schütz
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany;
| | - Shuvam Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India; (B.R.); (S.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India; (B.R.); (S.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Sayani Ray
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India; (B.R.); (S.M.); (S.J.)
| | - Manfred Marschall
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India; (B.R.); (S.M.); (S.J.)
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27
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Wang J, Zhang J, Ma D, Li X. The Potential Role of CERS1 in Autophagy Through PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Hypophysoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820977536. [PMID: 33267708 PMCID: PMC7720334 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820977536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the role and mechanism of CERS1 in hypophysoma and investigate whether CERS1 overexpression can change the autophagy process of hypophysoma, and then to explore whether CERS1’s effect was regulated by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to analyze the expression or mRNA level of CERS1 at different tissues or cell lines. Afterwards, the occurrence and development of hypophysoma in vivo and in vitro, respectively, was observed by using CERS1 overexpression by lentivirus. Finally, MK-2206 and LY294002 were applied to discuss whether the role of CERS1 was regulated by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Results show that the CERS1 expression and mRNA level in tumor or AtT-20 cells were decreased. CERS1 over-expressed by lentivirus could inhibit hypophysoma development in vivo and in vitro by reducing tumor volume and weight, weakening tumor proliferation and invasion, and enhancing apoptosis. In addition, shCERS1 could reverse the process. The above results indicate that CERS1 is possibly able to enhance autophagy in hypophysoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Wang
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jimin Zhang
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongzhou Ma
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiushan Li
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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28
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Hung WT, Chen YT, Chen CH, Lee YC, Fang JM, Yang WB. Flow Chemistry System for Carbohydrate Analysis by Rapid Labeling of Saccharides after Glycan Hydrolysis. SLAS Technol 2020; 25:356-366. [PMID: 32560600 PMCID: PMC7372588 DOI: 10.1177/2472630320924620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the utilization of a flow chemistry system for continuous
glycan hydrolysis and saccharide labeling to assist with the existing methods in
glycan structural analysis. Acidic hydrolysis of glycans could be accelerated in
a flow system. Aldoses and α-ketoacid-type saccharides were effectively labeled
with naphthalene-2,3-diamine (NADA) at 60 °C for 10 min to form the fluorescent
naphthimidazole (NAIM) and quinoxalinone (QXO) derivatives, respectively. The
NADA-labeled derivatives improved the structural determination and composition
analysis for their parent saccharides by using matrix-assisted laser desorption
ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), liquid
chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
Furthermore, this protocol was applied to determine the SA–Gal–Glc sequence of
GM3-sugar out of six possible permutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Hung
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei
| | | | - Yuan Chuan Lee
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jim-Min Fang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Wen-Bin Yang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei
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29
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Wang Y, Bu D, Huang C, Wang H, Zhou J, Dong J, Pan W, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li Y, Sun S. Best-first search guided multistage mass spectrometry-based glycan identification. Bioinformatics 2020; 35:2991-2997. [PMID: 30689704 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Glycan identification has long been hampered by complicated branching patterns and various isomeric structures of glycans. Multistage mass spectrometry (MSn) is a promising glycan identification technique as it generates multiple-level fragments of a glycan, which can be explored to deduce branching pattern of the glycan and further distinguish it from other candidates with identical mass. However, the automatic glycan identification still remains a challenge since it mainly relies on expertise to guide a MSn instrument to generate spectra. RESULTS Here, we proposed a novel method, named bestFSA, based on a best-first search algorithm to guide the process of spectrum producing in glycan identification using MSn. BestFSA is able to select the most appropriate peaks for next round of experiments and complete the identification using as few experimental rounds. Our analysis of seven representative glycans shows that bestFSA correctly distinguishes actual glycans efficiently and suggested bestFSA could be used in practical glycan identification. The combination of the MSn technology coupled with bestFSA should greatly facilitate the automatic identification of glycan branching patterns, with significantly improved identification sensitivity, and reduce time and cost of MSn experiments. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION http://glycan.ict.ac.cn. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojun Wang
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Guanghua School of Management, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbo Bu
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuncui Huang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junchuan Dong
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyi Pan
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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30
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Multistage mass spectrometry with intelligent precursor selection for N-glycan branching pattern analysis. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 237:116122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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31
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Huang SP, Hsu HC, Liew CY, Tsai ST, Ni CK. Logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry for structural determination of Galactose oligosaccharides. Glycoconj J 2020; 38:177-189. [PMID: 32062823 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry has high sensitivity and is widely used in the identification of molecular structures, however, the structural determination of oligosaccharides through mass spectrometry is still challenging. A novel method, namely the logically derived sequence (LODES) tandem mass spectrometry (MSn), for the structural determination of underivatized oligosaccharides was developed. This method, which is based on the dissociation mechanisms, involves sequential low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) of sodium ion adducts, a logical sequence for identifying the structurally decisive product ions for subsequent CID, and a specially prepared disaccharide CID spectrum database. In this work, we reported the assignment of the specially prepared galactose disaccharide CID spectra. We used galactose trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides as examples to demonstrate LODES/MSn is a general method that can be used for the structural determination of hexose oligosaccharides. LODES/MSn has the potential to be extended to oligosaccharides containing other monosaccharides provided the dissociation mechanisms are understood and the corresponding disaccharide database is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsu Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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32
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Wei J, Tang Y, Bai Y, Zaia J, Costello CE, Hong P, Lin C. Toward Automatic and Comprehensive Glycan Characterization by Online PGC-LC-EED MS/MS. Anal Chem 2020; 92:782-791. [PMID: 31829560 PMCID: PMC7082718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods for glycan structural analysis, characterization of glycomes remains a significant analytical challenge, in part due to the widespread presence of isomeric structures and the need to define the many structural variables for each glycan. Interpretation of the complex tandem mass spectra of glycans is often laborious and requires substantial expertise. Broad adoption of MS methods for glycomics, within and outside the glycoscience community, has been hindered by the shortage of bioinformatics tools for rapid and accurate glycan sequencing. Here, we developed an online porous graphitic carbon liquid chromatography (PGC-LC)-electronic excitation dissociation (EED) MS/MS method that takes advantage of the superior isomer resolving power of PGC and the structural details provided by EED MS/MS for characterization of glycan mixtures. We also made improvements to GlycoDeNovo, our de novo glycan sequencing algorithm, so that it can automatically and accurately identify glycan topologies from EED tandem mass spectra acquired online. The majority of linkages can also be determined de novo, although in some cases, biological insight may be needed to fully define the glycan structure. Application of this method to the analysis of N-glycans released from ribonuclease B not only revealed the presence of 18 high-mannose structures, including new isomers not previously reported, but also provided relative quantification for each isomeric structure. With fully automated data acquisition and topology analysis, the approach presented here holds great potential for automated and comprehensive glycan characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wei
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Yang Tang
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Joseph Zaia
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Catherine E. Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Pengyu Hong
- Department of Computer Science, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Cheng Lin
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
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33
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Chiu CC, Lin CK, Kuo JL. Improved agreement between experimental and computational results for collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry of cation-tagged hexoses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6928-6941. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00286k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low exact exchange DFT methods underestimate the dehydration barriers as the charge localization in such transition states is challenging to describe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
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34
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Analysis of oligosaccharides from Panax ginseng by using solid-phase permethylation method combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap/mass spectrometry. J Ginseng Res 2019; 44:775-783. [PMID: 33192120 PMCID: PMC7655486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The reports about valuable oligosaccharides in ginseng are quite limited. There is an urgent need to develop a practical procedure to detect and analyze ginseng oligosaccharides. Methods The oligosaccharide extracts from ginseng were permethylated by solid-phase methylation method and then were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap/MS. The sequence, linkage, and configuration information of oligosaccharides were determined by using accurate m/z value and tandem mass information. Several standard references were used to further confirm the identification. The oligosaccharide composition in white ginseng and red ginseng was compared using a multivariate statistical analysis method. Results The nonreducing oligosaccharide erlose among 12 oligosaccharides identified was reported for the first time in ginseng. In the comparison of the oligosaccharide extracts from white ginseng and red ginseng, a clear separation was observed in the partial least squares-discriminate analysis score plot, indicating the sugar differences in these two kinds of ginseng samples. The glycans with variable importance in the projection value large than 1.0 were considered to contribute most to the classification. The contents of oligosaccharides in red ginseng were lower than those in white ginseng, and the contents of maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, maltooctaose, maltononaose, sucrose, and erlose decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in red ginseng. Conclusion A solid-phase methylation method combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was successfully applied to analyze the oligosaccharides in ginseng extracts, which provides the possibility for holistic evaluation of ginseng oligosaccharides. The comparison of oligosaccharide composition of white ginseng and red ginseng could help understand the differences in pharmacological activities between these two kinds of ginseng samples from the perspective of glycans.
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35
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Tsai S, Liew CY, Hsu C, Huang S, Weng W, Kuo Y, Ni C. Automatic Full Glycan Structural Determination through Logically Derived Sequence Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2351-2359. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang‐Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology International Graduate ProgramAcademia Sinica and National University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Chien Weng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Hsiang Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chi‐Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular SciencesAcademia Sinica P. O. Box 23-166 Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- Department of ChemistryNational Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan
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36
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Chiu CC, Huynh HT, Tsai ST, Lin HY, Hsu PJ, Phan HT, Karumanthra A, Thompson H, Lee YC, Kuo JL, Ni CK. Toward Closing the Gap between Hexoses and N-Acetlyhexosamines: Experimental and Computational Studies on the Collision-Induced Dissociation of Hexosamines. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6683-6700. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Yu Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Arya Karumanthra
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Undergraduate Programme, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Hayden Thompson
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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37
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Guo Q, Reinhold VN. Advancing MSn spatial resolution and documentation for glycosaminoglycans by sulfate-isotope exchange. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:5033-5045. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01899-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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38
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De novo structural determination of mannose oligosaccharides by using a logically derived sequence for tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3241-3255. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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39
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Chiu CC, Tsai ST, Hsu PJ, Huynh HT, Chen JL, Phan HT, Huang SP, Lin HY, Kuo JL, Ni CK. Unexpected Dissociation Mechanism of Sodiated N-Acetylglucosamine and N-Acetylgalactosamine. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:3441-3453. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Yu Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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40
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Shen YH, Tsai ST, Liew CY, Ni CK. Mass spectrometry-based identification of carbohydrate anomeric configuration to determine the mechanism of glycoside hydrolases. Carbohydr Res 2019; 476:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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41
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Influenza virus N-linked glycosylation and innate immunity. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20171505. [PMID: 30552137 PMCID: PMC6328934 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause seasonal epidemics and sporadic pandemics in humans. The virus’s ability to change its antigenic nature through mutation and recombination, and the difficulty in developing highly effective universal vaccines against it, make it a serious global public health challenge. Influenza virus’s surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, are all modified by the host cell’s N-linked glycosylation pathways. Host innate immune responses are the first line of defense against infection, and glycosylation of these major antigens plays an important role in the generation of host innate responses toward the virus. Here, we review the principal findings in the analytical techniques used to study influenza N-linked glycosylation, the evolutionary dynamics of N-linked glycosylation in seasonal versus pandemic and zoonotic strains, its role in host innate immune responses, and the prospects for lectin-based therapies. As the efficiency of innate immune responses is a critical determinant of disease severity and adaptive immunity, the study of influenza glycobiology is of clinical as well as research interest.
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42
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Sun S, Huang C, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhou J, Gao F, Yang F, Chen R, Mulloy B, Chai W, Li Y, Bu D. Toward Automated Identification of Glycan Branching Patterns Using Multistage Mass Spectrometry with Intelligent Precursor Selection. Anal Chem 2018; 90:14412-14422. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chuncui Huang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yaojun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaming Liu
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinyu Zhou
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Runsheng Chen
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Barbara Mulloy
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongbo Bu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Beijing 100080, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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43
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Mookherjee A, Uppal SS, Guttman M. Dissection of Fragmentation Pathways in Protonated N-Acetylhexosamines. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11883-11891. [PMID: 30216047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Structural characterization of carbohydrates by mass spectrometry necessitates a detailed understanding of their gas phase behavior, particularly for protonated carbohydrates that can undergo complex structural rearrangements during fragmentation. Here we utilize tandem mass spectrometry, isotopic labeling, gas-phase hydrogen/deuterium exchange, and ion mobility measurements to characterize structures of the various product ions of protonated N-acetylhexosamines. Following the facile loss of the reducing end hydroxyl group, we identify two primary fragmentation pathways. Detailed mapping of each step in the fragmentation pathway provides new insight into the mechanisms that drive collision-induced dissociation of protonated carbohydrates. Several of the smaller fragment ions are mixtures of structural isomers, and the relative distributions of these structures reveals information about the stereochemistry of the precursor molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigya Mookherjee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Sanjit S Uppal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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44
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Cao L, Diedrich JK, Ma Y, Wang N, Pauthner M, Park SKR, Delahunty CM, McLellan JS, Burton DR, Yates JR, Paulson JC. Global site-specific analysis of glycoprotein N-glycan processing. Nat Protoc 2018; 13:1196-1212. [PMID: 29725121 PMCID: PMC5941933 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2018.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
N-glycans contribute to the folding, stability and functions of the proteins they decorate. They are produced by transfer of the glycan precursor to the sequon Asn-X-Thr/Ser, followed by enzymatic trimming to a high-mannose-type core and sequential addition of monosaccharides to generate complex-type and hybrid glycans. This process, mediated by the concerted action of multiple enzymes, produces a mixture of related glycoforms at each glycosite, making analysis of glycosylation difficult. To address this analytical challenge, we developed a robust semiquantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based method that determines the degree of glycan occupancy at each glycosite and the proportion of N-glycans processed from high-mannose type to complex type. It is applicable to virtually any glycoprotein, and a complete analysis can be conducted with 30 μg of protein. Here, we provide a detailed description of the method that includes procedures for (i) proteolytic digestion of glycoprotein(s) with specific and nonspecific proteases; (ii) denaturation of proteases by heating; (iii) sequential treatment of the glycopeptide mixture with two endoglycosidases, Endo H and PNGase F, to create unique mass signatures for the three glycosylation states; (iv) LC-MS/MS analysis; and (v) data analysis for identification and quantitation of peptides for the three glycosylation states. Full coverage of site-specific glycosylation of glycoproteins is achieved, with up to thousands of high-confidence spectra hits for each glycosite. The protocol can be performed by an experienced technician or student/postdoc with basic skills for proteomics experiments and takes ∼7 d to complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Cao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jolene K Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yuanhui Ma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nianshuang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Matthias Pauthner
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sung-Kyu Robin Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Claire M Delahunty
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jason S McLellan
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Dennis R Burton
- Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.,Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery and IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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45
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Schaller-Duke RM, Bogala MR, Cassady CJ. Electron Transfer Dissociation and Collision-Induced Dissociation of Underivatized Metallated Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1021-1035. [PMID: 29492773 PMCID: PMC5943087 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) were used to investigate underivatized, metal-cationized oligosaccharides formed via electrospray ionization (ESI). Reducing and non-reducing sugars were studied including the tetrasaccharides maltotetraose, 3α,4β,3α-galactotetraose, stachyose, nystose, and a heptasaccharide, maltoheptaose. Univalent alkali, divalent alkaline earth, divalent and trivalent transition metal ions, and a boron group trivalent metal ion were adducted to the non-permethylated oligosaccharides. ESI generated [M + Met]+, [M + 2Met]2+, [M + Met]2+, [M + Met - H]+, and [M + Met - 2H]+ most intensely along with low intensity nitrate adducts, depending on the metal and sugar ionized. The ability of these metal ions to produce oligosaccharide adduct ions by ESI had the general trend: Ca(II) > Mg(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Na(I) > K(I) > Al(III) ≈ Fe(III) ≈ Cr(III). Although trivalent metals were utilized, no triply charged ions were formed. Metal cations allowed for high ESI signal intensity without permethylation. ETD and CID on [M + Met]2+ produced various glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages, with ETD producing more cross-ring and internal ions, which are useful for structural analysis. Product ion intensities varied based on glycosidic-bond linkage and identity of monosaccharide sub-unit, and metal adducts. ETD and CID showed high fragmentation efficiency, often with complete precursor dissociation, depending on the identity of the adducted metal ion. Loss of water was occasionally observed, but elimination of small neutral molecules was not prevalent. For both ETD and CID, [M + Co]2+ produced the most uniform structurally informative dissociation with all oligosaccharides studied. The ETD and CID spectra were complementary. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranelle M Schaller-Duke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Mallikharjuna R Bogala
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Carolyn J Cassady
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
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46
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Simple Method for De Novo Structural Determination of Underivatised Glucose Oligosaccharides. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5562. [PMID: 29615745 PMCID: PMC5882935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates have various functions in biological systems. However, the structural analysis of carbohydrates remains challenging. Most of the commonly used methods involve derivatization of carbohydrates or can only identify part of the structure. Here, we report a de novo method for completely structural identification of underivatised oligosaccharides. This method, which can provide assignments of linkages, anomeric configurations, and branch locations, entails low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) of sodium ion adducts that enable the cleavage of selective chemical bonds, a logical procedure to identify structurally decisive fragment ions for subsequent CID, and the specially prepared disaccharide CID spectrum databases. This method was first applied to determine the structures of four underivatised glucose oligosaccharides. Then, high-performance liquid chromatography and a mass spectrometer with a built-in logical procedure were established to demonstrate the capability of the in situ CID spectrum measurement and structural determination of the oligosaccharides in chromatogram. This consolidation provides a simple, rapid, sensitive method for the structural determination of glucose oligosaccharides, and applications to oligosaccharides containing hexoses other than glucose can be made provided the corresponding disaccharide databases are available.
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47
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Miller JJ, Aoki K, Moehring F, Murphy CA, O’Hara CL, Tiemeyer M, Stucky CL, Dahms NM. Neuropathic pain in a Fabry disease rat model. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99171. [PMID: 29563343 PMCID: PMC5926911 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fabry disease, the most common lysosomal storage disease, affects multiple organs and results in a shortened life span. This disease is caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A, which leads to glycosphingolipid accumulation in many cell types. Neuropathic pain is an early and severely debilitating symptom in patients with Fabry disease, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms that cause the pain are unknown. We generated a rat model of Fabry disease, the first nonmouse model to our knowledge. Fabry rats had substantial serum and tissue accumulation of α-galactosyl glycosphingolipids and had pronounced mechanical pain behavior. Additionally, Fabry rat dorsal root ganglia displayed global N-glycan alterations, sensory neurons were laden with inclusions, and sensory neuron somata exhibited prominent sensitization to mechanical force. We found that the cation channel transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is sensitized in Fabry rat sensory neurons and that TRPA1 antagonism reversed the behavioral mechanical sensitization. This study points toward TRPA1 as a potentially novel target to treat the pain experienced by patients with Fabry disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Francie Moehring
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Carly A. Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Crystal L. O’Hara
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Tiemeyer
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Cheryl L. Stucky
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nancy M. Dahms
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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48
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Hsu HC, Liew CY, Huang SP, Tsai ST, Ni CK. Simple Approach for De Novo Structural Identification of Mannose Trisaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:470-480. [PMID: 29235038 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1850-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides have diverse functions in biological systems. However, the structural determination of oligosaccharides remains difficult and has created a bottleneck in carbohydrate research. In this study, a new approach for the de novo structural determination of underivatized oligosaccharides is demonstrated. A low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) of sodium ion adducts was used to facilitate the cleavage of desired chemical bonds during the dissociation. The selection of fragments for the subsequent CID was guided using a procedure that we built from the understanding of the saccharide dissociation mechanism. The linkages, anomeric configurations, and branch locations of oligosaccharides were determined by comparing the CID spectra of oligosaccharide with the fragmentation patterns based on the dissociation mechanism and our specially prepared disaccharide CID spectrum database. The usefulness of this method was demonstrated to determine the structures of several mannose trisaccharides. This method can also be applied in the structural determination of oligosaccharides larger than trisaccharides and containing hexose other than mannose if authentic standards are available. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 11677, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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49
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Tang Y, Pu Y, Gao J, Hong P, Costello CE, Lin C. De Novo Glycan Sequencing by Electronic Excitation Dissociation and Fixed-Charge Derivatization. Anal Chem 2018; 90:3793-3801. [PMID: 29443510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Detailed glycan structural characterization is frequently achieved by collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) based sequential tandem mass spectrometry (MS n) analysis of permethylated glycans. However, it is challenging to implement MS n ( n > 2) during online glycan separation, and this has limited its application to analysis of complex glycan mixtures from biological samples. Further, permethylation can reduce liquid chromatographic (LC) resolution of isomeric glycans. Here, we studied the electronic excitation dissociation (EED) fragmentation behavior of native glycans with a reducing-end fixed charge tag and identified key spectral features that are useful for topology and linkage determination. We also developed a de novo glycan sequencing software that showed remarkable accuracy in glycan topology elucidation based on the EED spectra of fixed charge-derivatized glycans. The ability to obtain glycan structural details at the MS2 level, without permethylation, via a combination of fixed charge derivatization, EED, and de novo spectral interpretation, makes the present approach a promising tool for comprehensive and rapid characterization of glycan mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tang
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , Massachusetts 02118 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Yi Pu
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , Massachusetts 02118 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Jinshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Montclair State University , Montclair , New Jersey 07043 , United States
| | - Pengyu Hong
- Department of Computer Science, Brandeis University , Waltham , Massachusetts 02453 , United States
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , Massachusetts 02118 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Cheng Lin
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , Massachusetts 02118 , United States
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50
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Huynh HT, Phan HT, Hsu PJ, Chen JL, Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Roongcharoen T, Liew CY, Ni CK, Kuo JL. Collision-induced dissociation of sodiated glucose, galactose, and mannose, and the identification of anomeric configurations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19614-19624. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03753a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Different dehydration barrier heights of cis and trans configurations between O1 and O2 provide a simple and fast anomeric configuration identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Hock Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Thantip Roongcharoen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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