1
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Wu W, Fields L, DeLaney K, Buchberger AR, Li L. An Updated Guide to the Identification, Quantitation, and Imaging of the Crustacean Neuropeptidome. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2758:255-289. [PMID: 38549019 PMCID: PMC11071638 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3646-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Crustaceans serve as a useful, simplified model for studying peptides and neuromodulation, as they contain numerous neuropeptide homologs to mammals and enable electrophysiological studies at the single-cell and neural circuit levels. Crustaceans contain well-defined neural networks, including the stomatogastric ganglion, oesophageal ganglion, commissural ganglia, and several neuropeptide-rich organs such as the brain, pericardial organs, and sinus glands. As existing mass spectrometry (MS) methods are not readily amenable to neuropeptide studies, there is a great need for optimized sample preparation, data acquisition, and data analysis methods. Herein, we present a general workflow and detailed methods for MS-based neuropeptidomic analysis of crustacean tissue samples and circulating fluids. In conjunction with profiling, quantitation can also be performed with isotopic or isobaric labeling. Information regarding the localization patterns and changes of peptides can be studied via mass spectrometry imaging. Combining these sample preparation strategies and MS analytical techniques allows for a multi-faceted approach to obtaining deep knowledge of crustacean peptidergic signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lauren Fields
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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2
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Pade LR, Stepler KE, Portero EP, DeLaney K, Nemes P. Biological mass spectrometry enables spatiotemporal 'omics: From tissues to cells to organelles. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:106-138. [PMID: 36647247 PMCID: PMC10668589 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biological processes unfold across broad spatial and temporal dimensions, and measurement of the underlying molecular world is essential to their understanding. Interdisciplinary efforts advanced mass spectrometry (MS) into a tour de force for assessing virtually all levels of the molecular architecture, some in exquisite detection sensitivity and scalability in space-time. In this review, we offer vignettes of milestones in technology innovations that ushered sample collection and processing, chemical separation, ionization, and 'omics analyses to progressively finer resolutions in the realms of tissue biopsies and limited cell populations, single cells, and subcellular organelles. Also highlighted are methodologies that empowered the acquisition and analysis of multidimensional MS data sets to reveal proteomes, peptidomes, and metabolomes in ever-deepening coverage in these limited and dynamic specimens. In pursuit of richer knowledge of biological processes, we discuss efforts pioneering the integration of orthogonal approaches from molecular and functional studies, both within and beyond MS. With established and emerging community-wide efforts ensuring scientific rigor and reproducibility, spatiotemporal MS emerged as an exciting and powerful resource to study biological systems in space-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena R. Pade
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Kaitlyn E. Stepler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Erika P. Portero
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Peter Nemes
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, 8051 Regents Drive, College Park, MD 20742
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3
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Chen WH, Wang W, Lin Q, Grys DB, Niihori M, Huang J, Hu S, de Nijs B, Scherman OA, Baumberg JJ. Plasmonic Sensing Assay for Long-Term Monitoring (PSALM) of Neurotransmitters in Urine. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2023; 3:161-171. [PMID: 37096231 PMCID: PMC10119978 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.2c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
A liquid-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy assay termed PSALM is developed for the selective sensing of neurotransmitters (NTs) with a limit of detection below the physiological range of NT concentrations in urine. This assay is formed by quick and simple nanoparticle (NP) "mix-and-measure" protocols, in which FeIII bridges NTs and gold NPs inside the sensing hotspots. Detection limits of NTs from PreNP PSALM are significantly lower than those of PostNP PSALM, when urine is pretreated by affinity separation. Optimized PSALM enables the long-term monitoring of NT variation in urine in conventional settings for the first time, allowing the development of NTs as predictive or correlative biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsin Chen
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Wenting Wang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Qianqi Lin
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - David-Benjamin Grys
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Marika Niihori
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Junyang Huang
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Shu Hu
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Bart de Nijs
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics
Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University
of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
- JJB,
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4
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Phetsanthad A, Vu NQ, Yu Q, Buchberger AR, Chen Z, Keller C, Li L. Recent advances in mass spectrometry analysis of neuropeptides. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:706-750. [PMID: 34558119 PMCID: PMC9067165 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to their involvement in numerous biochemical pathways, neuropeptides have been the focus of many recent research studies. Unfortunately, classic analytical methods, such as western blots and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, are extremely limited in terms of global investigations, leading researchers to search for more advanced techniques capable of probing the entire neuropeptidome of an organism. With recent technological advances, mass spectrometry (MS) has provided methodology to gain global knowledge of a neuropeptidome on a spatial, temporal, and quantitative level. This review will cover key considerations for the analysis of neuropeptides by MS, including sample preparation strategies, instrumental advances for identification, structural characterization, and imaging; insightful functional studies; and newly developed absolute and relative quantitation strategies. While many discoveries have been made with MS, the methodology is still in its infancy. Many of the current challenges and areas that need development will also be highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Phetsanthad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Nhu Q. Vu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Qing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Amanda R. Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zhengwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Caitlin Keller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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5
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Tjahjono N, Jin Y, Hsu A, Roukes M, Tian L. Letting the little light of mind shine: Advances and future directions in neurochemical detection. Neurosci Res 2022; 179:65-78. [PMID: 34861294 PMCID: PMC9508992 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic transmission via neurochemical release is the fundamental process that integrates and relays encoded information in the brain to regulate physiological function, cognition, and emotion. To unravel the biochemical, biophysical, and computational mechanisms of signal processing, one needs to precisely measure the neurochemical release dynamics with molecular and cell-type specificity and high resolution. Here we reviewed the development of analytical, electrochemical, and fluorescence imaging approaches to detect neurotransmitter and neuromodulator release. We discussed the advantages and practicality in implementation of each technology for ease-of-use, flexibility for multimodal studies, and challenges for future optimization. We hope this review will provide a versatile guide for tool engineering and applications for recording neurochemical release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki Tjahjono
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yihan Jin
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - Alice Hsu
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Michael Roukes
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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6
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Mass spectrometry profiling and quantitation of changes in circulating hormones secreted over time in Cancer borealis hemolymph due to feeding behavior. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:533-543. [PMID: 34184104 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) is a valuable model for understanding circuit dynamics in neuroscience as it contains a small number of neurons, all easily distinguishable and most of which contribute to two complementary feeding-related neural circuits. These circuits are modulated by numerous neuropeptides, with many gaining access to the STG as hemolymph-transported hormones. Previous work characterized neuropeptides in the hemolymph of the crab Cancer borealis but was limited by low peptide abundance in the presence of a complex biological matrix and the propensity for rapid peptide degradation. To improve their detection, a data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) method was implemented. This approach improved the number of neuropeptides detected by approximately twofold and showed greater reproducibility between experimental and biological replicates. This method was then used to profile neuropeptides at different stages of the feeding process, including hemolymph from crabs that were unfed, or 0 min, 15 min, 1 h, and 2 h post-feeding. The results show differences both in the presence and relative abundance of neuropeptides at the various time points. Additionally, 96 putative neuropeptide sequences were identified with de novo sequencing, indicating there may be more key modulators within this system than is currently known. These results suggest that a distinct cohort of neuropeptides provides modulation to the STG at different times in the feeding process, providing groundwork for targeted follow-up electrophysiological studies to better understand the functional role of circulating hormones in the neural basis of feeding behavior.
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7
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Cahill JF, Khalid M, Retterer ST, Walton CL, Kertesz V. In Situ Chemical Monitoring and Imaging of Contents within Microfluidic Devices Having a Porous Membrane Wall Using Liquid Microjunction Surface Sampling Probe Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:832-839. [PMID: 32233378 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability to observe dynamic chemical processes (e.g., signaling, transport, etc.) in vivo or in situ using nondestructive chemical imaging opens a new door to understanding the complex dynamics of developing biological systems. With the advent of "biology-on-a-chip" devices has come the ability to monitor dynamic chemical processes in a controlled environment, using these engineered habitats to capture key features of natural systems while allowing visual observation of system development. Having the capability to spatially and temporally map the chemical signals within these devices may yield new insights into the forces that drive biosystem development. Here, a porous membrane sealed microfluidic device was designed to allow normal microfluidic operation while enabling continuous, location specific sampling and chemical characterization by liquid microjunction surface sampling probe mass spectrometry (LMJ-SSP MS). LMJ-SSP was used to extract fluids with nL-to-μL/min flow rates directly from selected areas of the microfluidic device without negatively impacting the device function. These extracts were subsequently characterized using MS. This technique was used to acquire MS images of the entirety of several multi-input microfluidic devices having different degrees of fluid mixing. LMJ-SSP MS imaging visualized the spatial distribution of chemical components within the microfluidic channels and could visualize chemical reactions occurring in the device. These microfluidic devices with a porous membrane wall are wholly compatible with the construction of biology-on-a-chip devices. This ultimately would enable correlation of biosystem physical structure with an evolving chemical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Cahill
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, United States
| | - Muneeba Khalid
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, United States
| | - Scott T Retterer
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, United States
| | - Courtney L Walton
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, United States
| | - Vilmos Kertesz
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6131, United States
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8
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Su Y, Bian S, Sawan M. Real-time in vivo detection techniques for neurotransmitters: a review. Analyst 2020; 145:6193-6210. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01175d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Functional synapses in the central nervous system depend on a chemical signal exchange process that involves neurotransmitter delivery between neurons and receptor cells in the neuro system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Su
- Zhejiang university
- Hangzhou, 310058
- China
- CENBRAIN Lab
- School of Engineering
| | - Sumin Bian
- CENBRAIN Lab
- School of Engineering
- Westlake University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- CENBRAIN Lab
- School of Engineering
- Westlake University
- Hangzhou
- China
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9
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Liu Y, Buchberger AR, DeLaney K, Li Z, Li L. Multifaceted Mass Spectrometric Investigation of Neuropeptide Changes in Atlantic Blue Crab, Callinectes sapidus, in Response to Low pH Stress. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:2759-2770. [PMID: 31132273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The decrease of pH level in the water affects animals living in aquatic habitat, such as crustaceans. The molecular mechanisms enabling these animals to survive this environmental stress remain unknown. To understand the modulatory function of neuropeptides in crustaceans when encountering drops in pH level, we developed and implemented a multifaceted mass spectrometric platform to investigate the global neuropeptide changes in response to water acidification in the Atlantic blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Neural tissues were collected at different incubation periods to monitor dynamic changes of neuropeptides under different stress conditions occurring in the animal. Neuropeptide families were found to exhibit distinct expression patterns in different tissues and even each isoform had its specific response to the stress. Circulating fluid in the crabs (hemolymph) was also analyzed after 2-h exposure to acidification, and together with results from tissue analysis, enabled the discovery of neuropeptides participating in the stress accommodation process as putative hormones. Two novel peptide sequences were detected in the hemolymph that appeared to be involved in the stress-related regulation in the crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Amanda R Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Zihui Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States.,School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin , 777 Highland Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
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10
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Kou X, Chen G, Huang S, Ye Y, Ouyang G, Gan J, Zhu F. In Vivo Sampling: A Promising Technique for Detecting and Profiling Endogenous Substances in Living Systems. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2120-2126. [PMID: 30724065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous substances, naturally occurring in living organisms, are critical components with physiological and biological functions. Discovery and quantitative measurement of endogenous substances in living biotas are important for food analysis, crop cultivation, and quality assessment. Low or non-invasive in vivo sampling techniques offer the advantages of minimal perturbation to the investigated system and potentially obtain more accurate feedback compared to in vitro sampling. In this perspective, we summarize the up-to-date progress in the development of microdialysis and solid-phase microextraction as valuable tools for in vivo sampling of endogenous substances in food and agriculture chemistry. We discuss their feasibility for on-site and real-time in vivo monitoring and highlight the prospects in searching for highly specific coatings, miniaturized sampling devices, and instruments that well meet the trend for high-efficient and high-throughput analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Kou
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Chen
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Siming Huang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510120 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Ye
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences , University of California, Riverside , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Fang Zhu
- School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510275 , People's Republic of China
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11
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Yang H, Li T, Liu L, Li N, Guan M, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhao Z. Metal-organic frameworks as affinity agents to enhance the microdialysis sampling efficiency of fatty acids. Analyst 2019; 143:2157-2164. [PMID: 29667690 DOI: 10.1039/c8an00238j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microdialysis (MD) has been extensively used for in vivo sampling of hydrophilic analytes such as neurotransmitters and drug metabolites. In contrast, there have been few reports on sampling of lipophilic analytes by MD. Lipophilic analytes are easily adsorbed on the surfaces of the dialysis membrane and the inner wall of tubing, which leads to a very low relative recovery (RR). In this work, a strategy to develop an enhanced MD sampling of fatty acids (FAs) by using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as affinity agents in the perfusion fluid was investigated. Two MOFs, MIL-101 and ZIF-8, were synthesized and tested for the first time. A 2 times higher RR, about 70% RR, was obtained. The FT-IR experiment showed that the unsaturated metal sites in MOFs could coordinate with FAs, therefore the FAs were encapsulated into MOFs, avoiding FAs to be absorbed on the surfaces of the dialysis membrane and the inner wall of tubing. Moreover, incorporation of FAs into MOFs led to a decrease of free concentration of FAs inside the MD membrane and an increase of concentration gradient, allowing more FAs to diffuse across the membrane. Consequentially, an enhanced RR was obtained. The approach was successfully used to monitor the time profile of targeted FAs in cell culture media after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Mass Spectrum Center, Beijing, China.
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12
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Bongaerts J, De Bundel D, Mangelings D, Smolders I, Vander Heyden Y, Van Eeckhaut A. Sensitive targeted methods for brain metabolomic studies in microdialysis samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:192-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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13
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Ou Y, Wilson RE, Weber SG. Methods of Measuring Enzyme Activity Ex Vivo and In Vivo. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:509-533. [PMID: 29505726 PMCID: PMC6147230 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes catalyze a variety of biochemical reactions in the body and, in conjunction with transporters and receptors, control virtually all physiological processes. There is great value in measuring enzyme activity ex vivo and in vivo. Spatial and temporal differences or changes in enzyme activity can be related to a variety of natural and pathological processes. Several analytical approaches have been developed to meet this need. They can be classified broadly as methods either based on artificial substrates, with the goal of creating images of diseased tissue, or based on natural substrates, with the goal of understanding natural processes. This review covers a selection of these methods, including optical, magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, and physical sampling approaches, with a focus on creative chemistry and method development that make ex vivo and in vivo measurements of enzyme activity possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachael E Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA;
| | - Stephen G Weber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA;
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14
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Adeniran A, Stainbrook S, Bostick JW, Tyo KEJ. Detection of a Peptide Biomarker by Engineered Yeast Receptors. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:696-705. [PMID: 29366326 PMCID: PMC5820653 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.7b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Directed evolution of membrane receptors is challenging as the evolved receptor must not only accommodate a non-native ligand, but also maintain the ability to transduce the detection of the new ligand to any associated intracellular components. The G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily is the largest group of membrane receptors. As members of the GPCR family detect a wide range of ligands, GPCRs are an incredibly useful starting point for directed evolution of user-defined analytical tools and diagnostics. The aim of this study was to determine if directed evolution of the yeast Ste2p GPCR, which natively detects the α-factor peptide, could yield a GPCR that detects Cystatin C, a human peptide biomarker. We demonstrate a generalizable approach for evolving Ste2p to detect peptide sequences. Because the target peptide differs significantly from α-factor, a single evolutionary step was infeasible. We turned to a substrate walking approach and evolved receptors for a series of chimeric intermediates with increasing similarity to the biomarker. We validate our previous model as a tool for designing optimal chimeric peptide steps. Finally, we demonstrate the clinical utility of yeast-based biosensors by showing specific activation by a C-terminally amidated Cystatin C peptide in commercially sourced human urine. To our knowledge, this is the first directed evolution of a peptide GPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebola Adeniran
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences
Graduate Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Sarah Stainbrook
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences
Graduate Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - John W. Bostick
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences
Graduate Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Keith E. J. Tyo
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, ‡Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences
Graduate Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
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15
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DeLaney K, Buchberger AR, Atkinson L, Gründer S, Mousley A, Li L. New techniques, applications and perspectives in neuropeptide research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:221/3/jeb151167. [PMID: 29439063 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.151167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are one of the most diverse classes of signaling molecules and have attracted great interest over the years owing to their roles in regulation of a wide range of physiological processes. However, there are unique challenges associated with neuropeptide studies stemming from the highly variable molecular sizes of the peptides, low in vivo concentrations, high degree of structural diversity and large number of isoforms. As a result, much effort has been focused on developing new techniques for studying neuropeptides, as well as novel applications directed towards learning more about these endogenous peptides. The areas of importance for neuropeptide studies include structure, localization within tissues, interaction with their receptors, including ion channels, and physiological function. Here, we discuss these aspects and the associated techniques, focusing on technologies that have demonstrated potential in advancing the field in recent years. Most identification and structural information has been gained by mass spectrometry, either alone or with confirmations from other techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and other spectroscopic tools. While mass spectrometry and bioinformatic tools have proven to be the most powerful for large-scale analyses, they still rely heavily on complementary methods for confirmation. Localization within tissues, for example, can be probed by mass spectrometry imaging, immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassays. Functional information has been gained primarily from behavioral studies coupled with tissue-specific assays, electrophysiology, mass spectrometry and optogenetic tools. Concerning the receptors for neuropeptides, the discovery of ion channels that are directly gated by neuropeptides opens up the possibility of developing a new generation of tools for neuroscience, which could be used to monitor neuropeptide release or to specifically change the membrane potential of neurons. It is expected that future neuropeptide research will involve the integration of complementary bioanalytical technologies and functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellen DeLaney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amanda R Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Louise Atkinson
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Stefan Gründer
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Angela Mousley
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA .,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1450 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Online monitoring of astragaloside II metabolism using a homemade cultural device coupled with microdialysis and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1063:141-148. [PMID: 28865330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A new system was described for the online monitoring of astragaloside II (AII) metabolism in intestinal microbial community. The system was based on a homemade cultural device coupled with microdialysis (MD) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Main improvements include a simplified anaerobic incubator enabling the experiment to be conducted in ambient atmosphere, continuous sampling, and decreased matrix effect. Importantly, our method distinctly decreases the interference of small molecules by adding 20mgml-1 of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) to the perfusion fluid. Using the developed method, the metabolism of AII in intestinal bacteria was successfully investigated. Results were then compared with those obtained by conventional incubation and sampling method. We found that the integrated experimental system maintained the proper fermentation environment for bacteria and enabled high chromatography performance. With the advantages of auto-sampling, online detection, non-requirement of expensive fermenting equipment, and negligible matrix interference, the method can greatly contribute to the investigation of the dynamic biotransformation of astragalosides in complicated matrix-based biological samples.
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17
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Zestos AG, Kennedy RT. Microdialysis Coupled with LC-MS/MS for In Vivo Neurochemical Monitoring. AAPS JOURNAL 2017; 19:1284-1293. [PMID: 28660399 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-017-0114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microdialysis is a powerful sampling technique used to monitor small molecules in vivo. Despite the many applications of microdialysis sampling, it is limited by the method of analyzing the resulting samples. An emerging technique for analysis of microdialysis samples is liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This technique is highly versatile, allowing multiplexed analysis of neurotransmitters, metabolites, and neuropeptides. Using LC-MS/MS for polar neurotransmitters is hampered by weak retention reverse phase LC columns. Several derivatization reagents have been utilized to enhance separation and resolution of neurochemicals in dialysate samples including benzoyl chloride (BzCl), dansyl chloride, formaldehyde, ethylchloroformate, and propionic anhydride. BzCl reacts with amine and phenol groups so that many neurotransmitters can be labeled. Besides improving separation on reverse phase columns, this reagent also increases sensitivity. It is available in a heavy form so that it can be used to make stable-isotope labeled internal standard for improved quantification. Using BzCl with LC-MS/MS has allowed for measuring as many as 70 neurochemicals in a single assay. With slightly different conditions, LC-MS/MS has also been used for monitoring endocannabinoids. LC-MS/MS is also useful for neuropeptide assay because it allows for highly sensitive, sequence specific measurement of most peptides. These advances have allowed for multiplexed neurotransmitter measurements in behavioral, circuit analysis, and drug effect studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Zestos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, 2301 MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, USA.,Department of Chemistry, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, District of Columbia, 20016, USA
| | - Robert T Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, 2301 MSRB III, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, USA.
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18
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Zhou Y, Wang P, Xiong J, Yue H, He Y, Ouyang H, Wang L, Fu Z. A label-free strategy for measuring the affinity between monoclonal antibody and hapten using microdialysis sampling combined with chemiluminescent detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 87:404-409. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Challenges for the in vivo quantification of brain neuropeptides using microdialysis sampling and LC-MS. Bioanalysis 2016; 8:1965-85. [PMID: 27554986 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2016-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, neuropeptides and their receptors have received an increased interest in neuropharmacological research. Although these molecules are considered relatively small compared with proteins, their in vivo quantification using microdialysis is more challenging than for small molecules. Low microdialysis recoveries, aspecific adsorption and the presence of various multiply charged precursor ions during ESI-MS/MS detection hampers the in vivo quantification of these low abundant biomolecules. Every step in the workflow, from sampling until analysis, has to be optimized to enable the sensitive analysis of these compounds in microdialysates.
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20
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Hou J, Chen S, Cao C, Liu H, Xiong C, Zhang N, He Q, Song W, Nie Z. Application of flowerlike MgO for highly sensitive determination of lead via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30 Suppl 1:208-216. [PMID: 27539440 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) is a high-throughput method to achieve fast and accurate identification of lead (Pb) exposure, but is seldom used because of low ionization efficiency and insufficient sensitivity. Nanomaterials applied in MS are a promising technique to overcome the obstacles of MALDI. METHODS Flowerlike MgO nanostructures are applied for highly sensitive lead profiling in real samples. They can be used in two ways: (a) MgO is mixed with N-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDC) as a novel matrix MgO/NEDC; (b) MgO is applied as an absorbent to enrich Pb ions in very dilute solution. RESULTS The signal intensities of lead by MgO/NEDC were ten times higher than the NEDC matrix. It also shows superior anti-interference ability when analyzing 10 μmol/L Pb ions in the presence of organic substances or interfering metal ions. By applying MgO as adsorbent, the LOD of lead before enrichment is 1 nmol/L. Blood lead test can be achieved using this enrichment process. Besides, MgO can play the role of internal standard to achieve quantitative analysis. CONCLUSIONS Flowerlike MgO nanostructures were applied for highly sensitive lead profiling in real samples. The method is helpful to prevent Pb contamination in a wide range. Further, the combination of MgO with MALDI MS could inspire more nanomaterials being applied in highly sensitive profiling of pollutants. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Suming Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Changyan Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Caiqiao Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qing He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Weiguo Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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21
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Jiang S, Liang Z, Hao L, Li L. Investigation of signaling molecules and metabolites found in crustacean hemolymph via in vivo microdialysis using a multifaceted mass spectrometric platform. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1031-8. [PMID: 26691021 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are endogenous signaling molecules that play an important role in regulating various physiological processes in animals. Detection of these chemical messengers is often challenging due to their low concentration levels and fast degradation rate in vitro. In order to address these challenges, herein we employed in vivo microdialysis (MD) sampling to study NTs in the crustacean model Cancer borealis. Multifaceted separation tools, such as CE and ion mobility mass spectrometry (MS) were utilized in this work. Small molecules were separated by different mechanisms and detected by MALDI mass spectrometric imaging (MALDI-MSI). Performance of this separation-based MSI platform was also compared to LC-ESI-MS. By utilizing both MALDI and ESI-MS, a total of 208 small molecule NTs and metabolites were identified, of which 39 were identified as signaling molecules secreted in vivo. In addition, the inherent property of sub microscale sample consumption using CE enables shorter time of MD sample collection. Temporal resolution of MD was improved by approximately tenfold compared to LC-ESI-MS, indicating the significant advantage of applying separation-assisted MALDI-MS imaging platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zhidan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ling Hao
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Nankai District, Tianjin, P. R. China
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22
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Liang Z, Schmerberg CM, Li L. Mass spectrometric measurement of neuropeptide secretion in the crab, Cancer borealis, by in vivo microdialysis. Analyst 2016; 140:3803-13. [PMID: 25537886 DOI: 10.1039/c4an02016b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides (NPs), a unique and highly important class of signaling molecules across the animal kingdom, have been extensively characterized in the neuronal tissues of various crustaceans. Because many NPs are released into circulating fluid (hemolymph) and travel to distant sites in order to exhibit physiological effects, it is important to measure the secretion of these NPs from living animals. In this study, we report on extensive characterization of NPs released in the crab Cancer borealis by utilizing in vivo microdialysis to sample NPs from the hemolymph. We determined the necessary duration for collection of microdialysis samples, enabling more comprehensive identification of NP content while maintaining the temporal resolution of sampling. Analysis of in vivo microdialysates using a hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap™ Q-Exactive mass spectrometer revealed that more than 50 neuropeptides from 9 peptide families-including the allatostatin, RFamide, orcokinin, tachykinin-related peptide and RYamide families - were released into the circulatory system. The presence of these peptides both in neuronal tissues as well as in hemolymph indicates their putative hormonal roles, a finding that merits further investigation. Preliminary quantitative measurement of these identified NPs suggested several potential candidates that maybe associated with the circadian rhythm in Cancer borealis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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23
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An ultrasensitive nano UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the quantification of three neuromedin-like peptides in microdialysates. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:605-19. [PMID: 25826142 DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM An ultrasensitive nano UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method is developed to simultaneously monitor three low-concentration neuromedin-like peptides in microdialysates. RESULTS Peptide preconcentration and sample desalting is performed online on a trap column. A shallow gradient slope at 300 nl/min on the analytical column maintained at 35°C, followed by two saw-tooth column wash cycles, results in the highest sensitivity and the lowest carryover. The validated method allows the accurate and precise quantification of 0.5 pM neurotensin and neuromedin N (2.5 amol on column), and of 3.0 pM neuromedin B (15.0 amol on column) in in vivo microdialysates without the use of internal standards. CONCLUSION The assay is an important tool for elucidating the role of these neuromedin-like peptides in the pathophysiology of neurological disorders.
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24
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Yarger AM, Stein W. Sources and range of long-term variability of rhythmic motor patterns in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 218:3950-61. [PMID: 26519507 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.126581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of rhythmic motor pattern generation have been studied in detail in vitro, but the long-term stability and sources of variability in vivo are often not well described. The crab stomatogastric ganglion contains the well-characterized gastric mill (chewing) and pyloric (filtering of food) central pattern generators. In vitro, the pyloric rhythm is stereotyped with little variation, but inter-circuit interactions and neuromodulation can alter both rhythm cycle frequency and structure. The range of variation of activity in vivo is, with few exceptions, unknown. Curiously, although the pattern-generating circuits in vivo are constantly exposed to hormonal and neural modulation, the majority of published data show only the unperturbed canonical motor patterns typically observed in vitro. Using long-term extracellular recordings (N=27 animals), we identified the range and sources of variability of the pyloric and gastric mill rhythms recorded continuously over 4 days in freely behaving Jonah crabs (Cancer borealis). Although there was no evidence of innate daily rhythmicity, a 12 h light-driven cycle did manifest. The frequency of both rhythms increased modestly, albeit consistently, during the 3 h before and 3 h after the lights changed. This cycle was occluded by sensory stimulation (feeding), which significantly influenced both pyloric cycle frequency and structure. This was the only instance where the structure of the rhythm changed. In unfed animals the structure remained stable, even when the frequency varied substantially. So, although central pattern generating circuits are capable of producing many patterns, in vivo outputs typically remain stable in the absence of sensory stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Yarger
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761-4120, USA
| | - Wolfgang Stein
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761-4120, USA
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Zhou Y, Wong JM, Mabrouk OS, Kennedy RT. Reducing adsorption to improve recovery and in vivo detection of neuropeptides by microdialysis with LC-MS. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9802-9. [PMID: 26351736 PMCID: PMC5118035 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are an important class of neurochemicals; however, measuring their concentration in vivo by using microdialysis sampling is challenging due to their low concentration and the small samples generated. Capillary liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (cLC-MS) can yield attomole limits of detection (LOD); however, low recovery and loss of sample to adsorptive surfaces can still hinder detection of neuropeptides. We have evaluated recovery during sampling and transfer to the cLC column for a selection of 10 neuropeptides. Adding acetonitrile to sample eliminated carryover and improved LOD by 1.4- to 60-fold. The amount of acetonitrile required was found to have an optimal value that correlated with peptide molecular weight and retention time on a reversed phase LC column. Treating AN69 dialysis membrane, which bears negative charge due to incorporated sulfonate groups, with polyethylenimine (PEI) improved recovery by 1.2- to 80-fold. The effect appeared to be due to reducing electrostatic interaction between peptides and the microdialysis probe because modification increased recovery only for peptides that carried net positive charge. The combined effects improved LOD of the entire method by 1.3- to 800-fold for the different peptides. We conclude that peptides with both charged and hydrophobic regions require combined strategies to prevent adsorption and yield the best possible detection. The method was demonstrated by determining orexin A, orexin B, and a novel isoform of rat β-endorphin in the arcuate nucleus. Dialysate concentrations were below 10 pM for these peptides. A standard addition study on dialysates revealed that while some peptides can be accurately quantified, some are affected by the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
| | - Jenny-Marie Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
| | - Omar S. Mabrouk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
| | - Robert T. Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055
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26
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Buchberger A, Yu Q, Li L. Advances in Mass Spectrometric Tools for Probing Neuropeptides. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2015; 8:485-509. [PMID: 26070718 PMCID: PMC6314846 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071114-040210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are important mediators in the functionality of the brain and other neurological organs. Because neuropeptides exist in a wide range of concentrations, appropriate characterization methods are needed to provide dynamic, chemical, and spatial information. Mass spectrometry and compatible tools have been a popular choice in analyzing neuropeptides. There have been several advances and challenges, both of which are the focus of this review. Discussions range from sample collection to bioinformatic tools, although avenues such as quantitation and imaging are included. Further development of the presented methods for neuropeptidomic mass spectrometric analysis is inevitable, which will lead to a further understanding of the complex interplay of neuropeptides and other signaling molecules in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Buchberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322;
| | - Qing Yu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222;
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1322;
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222;
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Schmerberg CM, Liang Z, Li L. Data-independent MS/MS quantification of neuropeptides for determination of putative feeding-related neurohormones in microdialysate. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:174-80. [PMID: 25552291 PMCID: PMC4304520 DOI: 10.1021/cn500253u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Food consumption is an important
behavior that is regulated by
an intricate array of neuropeptides (NPs). Although many feeding-related
NPs have been identified in mammals, precise mechanisms are unclear
and difficult to study in mammals, as current methods are not highly
multiplexed and require extensive a priori knowledge about analytes.
New advances in data-independent acquisition (DIA) MS/MS and the open-source
quantification software Skyline have opened up the possibility to
identify hundreds of compounds and quantify them from a single DIA
MS/MS run. An untargeted DIA MSE quantification method
using Skyline software for multiplexed, discovery-driven quantification
was developed and found to produce linear calibration curves for peptides
at physiologically relevant concentrations using a protein digest
as internal standard. By using this method, preliminary relative quantification
of the crab Cancer borealis neuropeptidome (<2
kDa, 137 peptides from 18 families) was possible in microdialysates
from 8 replicate feeding experiments. Of these NPs, 55 were detected
with an average mass error below 10 ppm. The time-resolved profiles
of relative concentration changes for 6 are shown, and there is great
potential for the use of this method in future experiments to aid
in correlation of NP changes with behavior. This work presents an
unbiased approach to winnowing candidate NPs related to a behavior
of interest in a functionally relevant manner, and demonstrates the
success of such a UPLC-MSE quantification method using
the open source software Skyline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. Schmerberg
- Translational
Neuroscience, Psychiatry Department, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Haller E, Lindner W, Lämmerhofer M. Gold nanoparticle-antibody conjugates for specific extraction and subsequent analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of malondialdehyde-modified low density lipoprotein as biomarker for cardiovascular risk. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 857:53-63. [PMID: 25604820 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OxLDLs) like malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) play a major role in atherosclerosis and have been proposed as useful biomarkers for oxidative stress. In this study, gold-nanoparticles (GNPs) were functionalized via distinct chemistries with anti-MDA-LDL antibodies (Abs) for selective recognition and capture of MDA-LDL from biological matrices. The study focused on optimization of binding affinities and saturation capacities of the antiMDA-LDL-Ab-GNP bioconjugate by exploring distinct random and oriented immobilization approaches, such as (i) direct adsorptive attachment of Abs on the GNP surface, (ii) covalent bonding by amide coupling of Abs to carboxy-terminated-pegylated GNPs, (iii) oriented immobilization via oxidized carbohydrate moiety of the Ab on hydrazide-derivatized GNPs and (iv) cysteine-tagged protein A (cProtA)-bonded GNPs. Depending on immobilization chemistry, up to 3 antibodies per GNP could be immobilized as determined by ELISA. The highest binding capacity was achieved with the GNP-cProtA-Ab bioconjugate which yielded a saturation capacity of 2.24±0.04μgmL(-1) GNP suspension for MDA-LDL with an affinity Kd of 5.25±0.11×10(-10)M. The GNP-cProtA-antiMDA-LDL bioconjugate revealed high specificity for MDA-LDL over copper(II)-oxidized LDL as well as native human LDL. This clearly demonstrates the usefulness of the new GNP-Ab bioconjugates for specific extraction of MDA-LDL from plasma samples as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Their combination as specific immunoextraction nanomaterials with analysis by LC-MS/MS allows sensitive and selective detection of MDA-LDL in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Haller
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Lindner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical (Bio)Analysis, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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Mass spectrometric analysis of spatio-temporal dynamics of crustacean neuropeptides. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2014; 1854:798-811. [PMID: 25448012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides represent one of the largest classes of signaling molecules used by nervous systems to regulate a wide range of physiological processes. Over the past several years, mass spectrometry (MS)-based strategies have revolutionized the discovery of neuropeptides in numerous model organisms, especially in decapod crustaceans. Here, we focus our discussion on recent advances in the use of MS-based techniques to map neuropeptides in the spatial domain and monitoring their dynamic changes in the temporal domain. These MS-enabled investigations provide valuable information about the distribution, secretion and potential function of neuropeptides with high molecular specificity and sensitivity. In situ MS imaging and in vivo microdialysis are highlighted as key technologies for probing spatio-temporal dynamics of neuropeptides in the crustacean nervous system. This review summarizes the latest advancement in MS-based methodologies for neuropeptide analysis including typical workflow and sample preparation strategies as well as major neuropeptide families discovered in decapod crustaceans. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Neuroproteomics: Applications in Neuroscience and Neurology.
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Mirzaei M, Sawan M. Microelectronics-based biosensors dedicated to the detection of neurotransmitters: a review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 14:17981-8008. [PMID: 25264957 PMCID: PMC4239957 DOI: 10.3390/s141017981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of neurotransmitters (NTs) in the human body are related to diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The mechanisms of several neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, have been linked to NTs. Because the number of diagnosed cases is increasing, the diagnosis and treatment of such diseases are important. To detect biomolecules including NTs, microtechnology, micro and nanoelectronics have become popular in the form of the miniaturization of medical and clinical devices. They offer high-performance features in terms of sensitivity, as well as low-background noise. In this paper, we review various devices and circuit techniques used for monitoring NTs in vitro and in vivo and compare various methods described in recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mirzaei
- Polystim Neurotechnologies Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T1J4, Canada.
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- Polystim Neurotechnologies Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T1J4, Canada.
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Wetterhall M, Bergquist J, Hillered L, Hjort K, Dahlin AP. Identification of human cerebrospinal fluid proteins and their distribution in an in vitro microdialysis sampling system. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:34-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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