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Kim JS, Kim J, Kim JS, Kim W, Lee CS. Label-free single-cell antimicrobial susceptibility testing in droplets with concentration gradient generation. LAB ON A CHIP 2024. [PMID: 39324417 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00629a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial communities exhibit significant heterogeneity, resulting in the emergence of specialized phenotypes that can withstand antibiotic exposure. Unfortunately, the existence of subpopulations resistant to antibiotics often goes unnoticed during treatment initiation. Thus, it is crucial to consider the concept of single-cell antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) to tackle bacterial infections. Nevertheless, its practical application in clinical settings is hindered by its inability to conduct AST efficiently across a wide range of antibiotics and concentrations. This study introduces a droplet-based microfluidic platform designed for rapid single-cell AST by creating an antibiotic concentration gradient. The advantage of a microfluidic platform is achieved by executing bacteria and antibiotic mixing, cell encapsulation, incubation, and enumeration of bacteria in a seamless workflow, facilitating susceptibility testing of each antibiotic. Firstly, we demonstrate the rapid determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of several antibiotics with Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus, which enables us to bypass the time-consuming bacteria cultivation, speeding up the AST in 3 h from 1 to 2 days of conventional methods. Additionally, we assess 10 clinical isolates including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA) against clinically important antibiotics for analyzing the MIC, compared to the gold standard AST method from the United States Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), which becomes available only after 48 h. Furthermore, by monitoring single cells within individual droplets, we have found a spectrum of resistance levels among genetically identical cells, revealing phenotypic heterogeneity within isogenic populations. This discovery not only advances clinical diagnostics and treatment strategies but also significantly contributes to the field of antibiotic stewardship, underlining the importance of our approach in addressing bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 3414, South Korea.
| | - Jingyeong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 3414, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, South Korea
| | - Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, South Korea
| | - Chang-Soo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 3414, South Korea.
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2
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Dzulkharnien NSF, Rohani R, Tan Kofli N, Mohd Kasim NA, Abd Muid S, Patrick M, Mohd Fauzi NA, Alias H, Ahmad Radzuan H. Enhanced binding interaction and antibacterial inhibition for nanometal oxide particles activated with Aloe Vulgarize through one-pot ultrasonication techniques. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107513. [PMID: 38905888 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of green zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with bacterial strains are still scarcely reported. This work was conducted to study the green-one-pot-synthesized ZnO NPs from the Aloe Vulgarize (AV) leaf peel extract assisted with different sonication techniques followed by the physicochemical, biological activities and molecular docking studies. The NPs structure was analyzed using FTIR, UV-vis and EDX. The morphology, particle size and crystallinity of ZnO NPs were identified using FESEM and XRD. It was found that the formed flower-like structure with sharp edge and fine size of particulates in ZnO NPs/AV could enhance the bacterial inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for all the tested bacterial strains is at 3.125 µg/ml and the bacterial growth curve are dependent on the ZnO NPs dosage. The results of disc diffusion revealed that the ZnO NPs/AV possess better antibacterial effect with bigger ZOI due to the presence of AV active ingredient. The molecular docking between active ingredients of AV in the NPs with the protein of IFCM and 1MWU revealed that low binding energy (Ebind = -6.56 kcal/mol and -8.99 kcal/mol, respectively) attributes to the excessive hydrogen bond from AV that highly influenced their interaction with the amino acid of the selected proteins. Finally, the cytotoxicity test on the biosynthesized ZnO NPs with concentration below 20 µg/ml are found nontoxic on the HDF cell. Overall, ZnO NPs/20 % AV (probe sonication) is considered as the best synthesis option due to its efficient one-pot method, short sonication time but own the best antibacterial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syafiqah Farhanah Dzulkharnien
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosiah Rohani
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Noorhisham Tan Kofli
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Alicezah Mohd Kasim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suhaila Abd Muid
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Melonney Patrick
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara Selangor Branch, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Akhmazillah Mohd Fauzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hajar Alias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Husna Ahmad Radzuan
- Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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3
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Ayres LB, Pimentel GJC, Costa JNY, Piazzetta MHO, Gobbi AL, Shimizu FM, Garcia CD, Lima RS. Ultradense Array of On-Chip Sensors for High-Throughput Electrochemical Analyses. ACS Sens 2024; 9:4089-4097. [PMID: 38997236 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
High-throughput sensors are valuable tools for enabling massive, fast, and accurate diagnostics. To yield this type of electrochemical device in a simple and low-cost way, high-density arrays of vertical gold thin-film microelectrode-based sensors are demonstrated, leading to the rapid and serial interrogation of dozens of samples (10 μL droplets). Based on 16 working ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) and 3 quasi-reference electrodes (QREs), a total of 48 sensors were engineered in a 3D crossbar arrangement that devised a low number of conductive lines. By exploiting this design, a compact chip (75 × 35 mm) can enable performing 16 sequential analyses without intersensor interferences by dropping one sample per UME finger. In practice, the electrical connection to the sensors was achieved by simply switching the contact among WE adjacent fingers. Importantly, a short analysis time was ensured by interrogating the UMEs with chronoamperometry or square wave voltammetry using a low-cost and hand-held one-channel potentiostat. As a proof of concept, the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in 15 samples was performed within 14 min (20 min incubation and 225 s reading). Additionally, the implementation of peptide-tethered immunosensors in these chips allowed the screening of COVID-19 from patient serum samples with 100% accuracy. Our experiments also revealed that dispensing additional droplets on the array (in certain patterns) results in the overestimation of the faradaic current signals, a phenomenon referred to as crosstalk. To address this interference, a set of analyses was conducted to design a corrective strategy that boosted the testing capacity by allowing using all on-chip sensors to address subsequent analyses (i.e., 48 samples simultaneously dispensed on the chip). This strategy only required grounding the unused rows of QRE and can be broadly adopted to develop high-throughput UME-based sensors. In practice, we could analyze 48 droplets (with [Fe(CN)6]4-) within ∼8 min using amperometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Gabriel J C Pimentel
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Juliana N Y Costa
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Maria H O Piazzetta
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Angelo L Gobbi
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Flávio M Shimizu
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos D Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Renato S Lima
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo 09210-580, Brazil
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-590, Brazil
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4
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De La Fuente L, Navas-Cortés JA, Landa BB. Ten Challenges to Understanding and Managing the Insect-Transmitted, Xylem-Limited Bacterial Pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:869-884. [PMID: 38557216 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-23-0476-kc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented plant health emergency in olives has been registered over the last decade in Italy, arguably more severe than what occurred repeatedly in grapes in the United States in the last 140 years. These emergencies are epidemics caused by a stealthy pathogen, the xylem-limited, insect-transmitted bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Although these epidemics spurred research that answered many questions about the biology and management of this pathogen, many gaps in knowledge remain. For this review, we set out to represent both the U.S. and European perspectives on the most pressing challenges that need to be addressed. These are presented in 10 sections that we hope will stimulate discussion and interdisciplinary research. We reviewed intrinsic problems that arise from the fastidious growth of X. fastidiosa, the lack of specificity for insect transmission, and the economic and social importance of perennial mature woody plant hosts. Epidemiological models and predictions of pathogen establishment and disease expansion, vital for preparedness, are based on very limited data. Most of the current knowledge has been gathered from a few pathosystems, whereas several hundred remain to be studied, probably including those that will become the center of the next epidemic. Unfortunately, aspects of a particular pathosystem are not always transferable to others. We recommend diversification of research topics of both fundamental and applied nature addressing multiple pathosystems. Increasing preparedness through knowledge acquisition is the best strategy to anticipate and manage diseases caused by this pathogen, described as "the most dangerous plant bacterium known worldwide."
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo De La Fuente
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, U.S.A
| | - Juan A Navas-Cortés
- Department of Crop Protection. Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Blanca B Landa
- Department of Crop Protection. Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
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5
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Buppasirakul K, Suginta W, Schulte A. Rapid and directly interpretable antimicrobial susceptibility profiling by continuous microvolume-electroanalysis of ferricyanide-mediated bacterial respiration. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:308-311. [PMID: 38059564 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04683d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel method for the electroanalysis of potassium ferricyanide-mediated bacterial electron transport, to rapidly assess viability and construct interpretable antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. Electrochemical minimum inhibitory concentrations (ecMICs) became determinable with a high correlation to the results from conventional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krittamate Buppasirakul
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wang Chan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| | - Wipa Suginta
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wang Chan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| | - Albert Schulte
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wang Chan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.
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6
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Spencer D, Li Y, Zhu Y, Sutton JM, Morgan H. Electrical Broth Micro-Dilution for Rapid Antibiotic Resistance Testing. ACS Sens 2023; 8:1101-1108. [PMID: 36820613 PMCID: PMC10043929 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Rapid tests to assess the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics are required to inform antibiotic stewardship. We have developed a novel test, which measures changes in the impedance of a 100 nanoliter volume of bacterial suspension to determine an "electrical" minimum inhibitory concentration (eMIC). Two representative strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were tested against a panel of frontline antibiotics with different modes of action (ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, colistin and imipenem, gentamicin, and ceftazidime). The eMIC measured at 1 h correlated strongly with a standard 24 h microbroth dilution MIC for all combinations of antibiotics and bacteria, allowing strains to be correctly assigned as sensitive or resistant measured in a fraction of the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Spencer
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Hants, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Yuetao Li
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Hants, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Yiling Zhu
- Technology Development Group, Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton, Salisbury SP4 0JG, U.K
| | - J Mark Sutton
- Technology Development Group, Research and Evaluation, UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton, Salisbury SP4 0JG, U.K
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K
| | - Hywel Morgan
- School of Electronics and Computer Science, and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Hants, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
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7
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Zhang T, Zhang H. Electrochemical analysis for the rapid screening of copper-tolerant bacteria. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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de Brito Ayres L, Brooks J, Whitehead K, Garcia CD. Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Using Paper-Derived Electrochemical Biosensors. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16847-16854. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Brito Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson 29634, South Carolina, United States
| | - Jordan Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson 29634, South Carolina, United States
| | - Kristi Whitehead
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson 29634, South Carolina, United States
| | - Carlos D. Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson 29634, South Carolina, United States
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9
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Tibbits G, Mohamed A, Call DR, Beyenal H. Rapid differentiation of antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant bacteria through mediated extracellular electron transfer. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113754. [PMID: 34773749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Conventional methods for testing antibiotic susceptibility rely on bacterial growth on agar plates (diffusion assays) or in liquid culture (microdilution assays). These time-consuming assays use population growth as a proxy for cellular respiration. Herein we propose to use mediated extracellular electron transfer as a rapid and direct method to classify antibiotic-susceptible and -resistant bacteria. We tested antibiotics with diverse mechanisms of action (ciprofloxacin, imipenem, oxacillin, or tobramycin) with four important nosocomial pathogens (Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) by adding the bacterial culture to a custom-designed electrochemical cell with a glassy-carbon electrode and growth media supplemented with a soluble electron transfer mediator, phenazine methosulfate (PMS). During cell respiration, liberated electrons reduce PMS, which is then oxidized on the electrode surface, and current is recorded. Using this novel approach, we were able to consistently classify strains as antibiotic-resistant or -susceptible in <90 min for methodology development and <150 min for blinded tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Tibbits
- The Gene and Linda Voil and School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voil and School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Douglas R Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voil and School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
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10
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Electrochemical Sensors for Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing: Strategies and Applications. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Increasing awareness of the impacts of infectious diseases has driven the development of advanced techniques for detecting pathogens in clinical and environmental settings. However, this process is hindered by the complexity and variability inherent in antibiotic-resistant species. A great deal of effort has been put into the development of antibiotic-resistance/susceptibility testing (AST) sensors and systems to administer proper drugs for patient-tailored therapy. Electrochemical sensors have garnered increasing attention due to their powerful potential to allow rapid, sensitive, and real-time monitoring, alongside the low-cost production, feasibility of minimization, and easy integration with other techniques. This review focuses on the recent advances in electrochemical sensing strategies that have been used to determine the level of antibiotic resistance/susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria. The recent examples of the current electrochemical AST sensors discussed here are classified into four categories according to what is detected and quantitated: the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes, changes in impedance caused by cell lysis, current response caused by changes in cellular membrane properties, and changes in the redox state of redox molecules. It also discusses potential strategies for the development of electrochemical AST sensors, with the goal of broadening their practical applications across various scientific and technological fields.
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11
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Olaifa K, Nikodinovic-Runic J, Glišić B, Boschetto F, Marin E, Segreto F, Marsili E. Electroanalysis of Candida albicans biofilms: A suitable real-time tool for antifungal testing. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Macdonald A, Hawkes LA, Corrigan DK. Recent advances in biomedical, biosensor and clinical measurement devices for use in humans and the potential application of these technologies for the study of physiology and disease in wild animals. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200228. [PMID: 34176326 PMCID: PMC8237170 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of achieving enhanced diagnosis and continuous monitoring of human health has led to a vibrant, dynamic and well-funded field of research in medical sensing and biosensor technologies. The field has many sub-disciplines which focus on different aspects of sensor science; engaging engineers, chemists, biochemists and clinicians, often in interdisciplinary teams. The trends which dominate include the efforts to develop effective point of care tests and implantable/wearable technologies for early diagnosis and continuous monitoring. This review will outline the current state of the art in a number of relevant fields, including device engineering, chemistry, nanoscience and biomolecular detection, and suggest how these advances might be employed to develop effective systems for measuring physiology, detecting infection and monitoring biomarker status in wild animals. Special consideration is also given to the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance and in the light of the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, zoonotic infections. Both of these areas involve significant crossover between animal and human health and are therefore well placed to seed technological developments with applicability to both human and animal health and, more generally, the reviewed technologies have significant potential to find use in the measurement of physiology in wild animals. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part II)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Macdonald
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Centre, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
| | - Lucy A. Hawkes
- Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Hatherly Laboratories, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Centre, University of Strathclyde, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
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13
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Crane B, Hughes JP, Rowley Neale SJ, Rashid M, Linton PE, Banks CE, Shaw KJ. Rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing using resazurin bulk modified screen-printed electrochemical sensing platforms. Analyst 2021; 146:5574-5583. [PMID: 34369493 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00850a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common types of bacterial infection. UTIs can be associated with multidrug resistant bacteria and current methods of determining an effective antibiotic for UTIs can take up to 48 hours, which increases the chances of a negative prognosis for the patient. In this paper we report for the first time, the fabrication of resazurin bulk modified screen-printed macroelectrodes (R-SPEs) demonstrating them to be effective platforms for the electrochemical detection of antibiotic susceptibility in complicated UTIs. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), resazurin was able to be detected down to 15.6 μM. R-SPEs were utilised to conduct antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) of E. coli (ATCC® 25922) to the antibiotic gentamicin sulphate using DPV to detect the relative concentrations of resazurin between antibiotic treated bacteria, and bacteria without antibiotic treatment. Using R-SPEs, antibiotic susceptibility was determined after a total elapsed time of 90 minutes including the inoculation of the artificial urine, preincubation and testing time. The use of electrochemistry as a phenotypic means of identifying an effective antibiotic to treat a complicated UTI offers a rapid and accurate alternative to culture based methods for AST with R-SPEs offering an inexpensive and simpler alternative to other AST methods utilising electrochemical based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Crane
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Jack P Hughes
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Samuel J Rowley Neale
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Mamun Rashid
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Patricia E Linton
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Kirsty J Shaw
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
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14
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Duan R, Fang X, Wang D. A Methylene Blue Assisted Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Drug Resistance of Escherichia coli. Front Chem 2021; 9:689735. [PMID: 34136465 PMCID: PMC8201616 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.689735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the abuse of antibiotics in clinical, animal husbandry, and aquaculture, drug-resistant pathogens are produced, which poses a great threat to human and the public health. At present, a rapid and effective drug sensitivity test method is urgently needed to effectively control the spread of drug-resistant bacteria. Using methylene blue as a redox probe, the electrochemical signals of methylene blue in drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains were analyzed by a CV method. Graphene ink has been used for enhancing the electrochemical signal. Compared with the results of the traditional drug sensitivity test, we proposed a rapid electrochemical drug sensitivity test method which can effectively identify the drug sensitivity of Escherichia coli. The sensitivity of four E. coli isolates to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and ampicillin was tested by an electrochemical drug sensitivity test. The respiratory activity value %RA was used as an indicator of bacterial resistance by electrochemical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongshuai Duan
- Department of Food and Drugs, Shandong Institute of Commerce and Technology, Jinan, China.,Qilu Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Fang
- Department of Food and Drugs, Shandong Institute of Commerce and Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Food and Drugs, Shandong Institute of Commerce and Technology, Jinan, China.,Dong-E E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Liaocheng, China
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15
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Li C, Sun F. Graphene-Assisted Sensor for Rapid Detection of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli. Front Chem 2021; 9:696906. [PMID: 34136468 PMCID: PMC8201492 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.696906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, antibiotic-resistant bacteria caused by antibiotic abuse in the medical industry have become a new environmental pollutant that endangers public health. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a detection method for evaluating drug-resistant bacteria. In this work, we used Escherichia coli as a target model and proposed a method to evaluate its drug resistance for three antibiotics. Graphene dispersion was used to co-mix with E. coli cells for the purpose of increasing the current signal. This electrochemical-based sensor allows the evaluation of the activity of E. coli on the electrode surface. When antibiotics were present, the electrocatalytic reduction signal was diminished because of the reduced activity of E. coli. Based on the difference in the electrochemical reduction signal, we can evaluate the antibiotic resistance of different E. coli strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiaozhou Central Hospital, Jiaozhou, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Zada S, Lu H, Yang F, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Tang S, Wei W, Qiao Y, Fu P, Dong H, Zhang X. V 2C Nanosheets as Dual-Functional Antibacterial Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4215-4223. [PMID: 35006834 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains have been continuously increasing and becoming a supreme threat to public health globally. The nanoparticle-based photothermal treatment has emerged as a powerful tool to combat toxic bacteria. Photothermal agents (PTAs) with cost-effective and high photothermal conversion efficiency are highly desirable. Herein, we unite the green process for delamination of V2AlC to produce a high yield mass of two-dimensional (2D) V2C nanosheets (NSs) by using algae extracts and demonstrate their high antibacterial efficiency. The resultant V2C NSs present decent structural reliability and intrinsic antibacterial ability. Powerful near-infrared (NIR) absorption and extraordinary photothermal conversion proficiency make it a good PTA for the photothermal treatment of bacteria. The antibacterial efficiency evaluation indicated that V2C NSs could effectively kill both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. About 99.5% of both types of bacteria could be killed with low-dose of V2C NSs suspension (40 μg/mL) with 5 min NIR irradiation due to the intrinsic antibacterial ability and photothermal effect of V2C NSs, which is much higher than previous reports on Ta4C3, Ti3C2, MoSe2, and Nb2C. This work expands the application of MXene V2C NSs for rapid bacteria-killing and would gain promising attention for applications in the sterilization industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Zada
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huiting Lu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yaru Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Songsong Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuchun Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Pengcheng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University 58 Renmin Avenue, Meilan District Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Haifeng Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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17
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Bolotsky A, Muralidharan R, Butler D, Root K, Murray W, Liu Z, Ebrahimi A. Organic redox-active crystalline layers for reagent-free electrochemical antibiotic susceptibility testing (ORACLE-AST). Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 172:112615. [PMID: 33166804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) is critical in determining bacterial resistance or susceptibility to a particular antibiotic. Simple-to-use phenotype-based AST platforms can assist care-givers in timely prescription of the right antibiotic. Monitoring the change of bacterial viability by measuring electrochemical Faradaic current is a promising approach for rapid AST. However, the existing works require mixing redox-active reagents in the solution which can interfere with the antibiotics. In this paper, we developed a facile electrodeposition process for creating a redox-active crystalline layer (denoted as RZx) on pyrolytic graphite sheets (PGS), which was then utilized as the sensing layer for reagent-free electrochemical AST. To demonstrate the proof-of-principle, we tested the sensors with Escherichia coli (E. coli) K-12 treated with two antibiotics, ampicillin and kanamycin. While the sensors enable detection of bacterial metabolism mainly due to pH-sensitivity of RZx (∼ 53 mV/pH), secreted redox-active metabolites/compounds from whole cells are likely contributing to the signal as well. By monitoring the differential voltammetric signals, the sensors enable accurate prediction of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in 60 min (p < 0.03). The sensors are stable after 60 days storage in ambient conditions and enable analysis of microbial viability in complex solutions, as demonstrated in spiked milk and human whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bolotsky
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ritvik Muralidharan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Derrick Butler
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kayla Root
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - William Murray
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Aida Ebrahimi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA; School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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18
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Gao Y, Ryu J, Liu L, Choi S. A simple, inexpensive, and rapid method to assess antibiotic effectiveness against exoelectrogenic bacteria. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 168:112518. [PMID: 32862095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A sufficiently fast and simple antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is urgently required to guide effective antibiotic usages and to surveil the antimicrobial resistance rate. Here, we establish a rapid, quantitative, and high-throughput phenotypic AST by measuring electrons transferred from the interiors of microbial cells to external electrodes. Because the transferred electrons are based on microbial metabolic activities and are inversely proportional to the concentration of potential antibiotics, the changes in electrical outputs can be readily used as a transducing signal to efficiently monitor bacterial growth and antibiotic susceptibility. The sensing is performed by directly measuring the total energy, or all the accumulated microbial electricity, generated by microbial fuel cells (MFCs) arranged in a large-capacity disposable, paper-based testbed. A common Gram-negative pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa wild-type PAO1 and first-line antibiotic gentamicin (GEN) are used in our experiments. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values generated from our technique are validated by the gold standard broth microdilution (BMD). Our new approach provides quantitative, actionable MIC results within just 5 h because it measures electricity produced by bacterial metabolism instead of the days needed for growth-observation methods. Moreover, as the equipment needed is simple, common, and inexpensive, our test has immense potential to be adopted in the field or resource-limited hospitals and labs to provide insightful assessments for research and clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400, Vestal Pkwy East, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Jihyun Ryu
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400, Vestal Pkwy East, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400, Vestal Pkwy East, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Seokheun Choi
- Bioelectronics & Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, State University of New York at Binghamton, 4400, Vestal Pkwy East, Binghamton, NY, USA.
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19
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Ren Y, Ji J, Sun J, Pi F, Zhang Y, Sun X. Rapid detection of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella with screen printed carbon electrodes. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Rao R P, Sharma S, Mehrotra T, Das R, Kumar R, Singh R, Roy I, Basu T. Rapid Electrochemical Monitoring of Bacterial Respiration for Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Microbes: Potential Application in Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4266-4274. [PMID: 32050756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a grave threat to human life. Currently used time-consuming antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) methods limit physicians in selecting proper antibiotics. Hence, we developed a rapid AST using electroanalysis with a 15 min assay time, called EAST, which is live-monitored by time-lapse microscopy video. The present work reports systematical electrochemical analysis and standardization of protocol for EAST measurement. The proposed EAST is successfully applied for Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Escherichia coli as model organisms to monitor bacterial concentration, decay kinetics in the presence of various antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, cefixime, and amoxycillin), drug efficacy, and IC50. Bacterial decay kinetics in the presence of antibiotics were validated by the colony counting method, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy image analysis. The EAST predicts the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria within 15 min, which is a significant advantage over existing techniques that consume hours to days. The EAST was explored further by using bacteria-friendly l-lysine-functionalized cerium oxide nanoparticle coated indium tin oxide as a working electrode to observe the enhanced electron-transfer rate in the EAST. The results are very significant for future miniaturization and automation. The proposed EAST has huge potential in the development of a rapid AST device for applications in the clinical and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Indrajit Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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21
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Atomic force microscopy - Scanning electrochemical microscopy (AFM-SECM) for nanoscale topographical and electrochemical characterization: Principles, applications and perspectives. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.135472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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22
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Wang JC, Tung YC, Ichiki K, Sakamoto H, Yang TH, Suye SI, Chuang HS. Culture-free detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using self-driving diffusometric DNA nanosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 148:111817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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23
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Bigham T, Dooley JS, Ternan NG, Snelling WJ, Héctor Castelán M, Davis J. Assessing microbial water quality: Electroanalytical approaches to the detection of coliforms. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Behera B, Anil Vishnu GK, Chatterjee S, Sitaramgupta V VSN, Sreekumar N, Nagabhushan A, Rajendran N, Prathik BH, Pandya HJ. Emerging technologies for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 142:111552. [PMID: 31421358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Superbugs such as infectious bacteria pose a great threat to humanity due to an increase in bacterial mortality leading to clinical treatment failure, lengthy hospital stay, intravenous therapy and accretion of bacteraemia. These disease-causing bacteria gain resistance to drugs over time which further complicates the treatment. Monitoring of antibiotic resistance is therefore necessary so that bacterial infectious diseases can be diagnosed rapidly. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) provides valuable information on the efficacy of antibiotic agents and their dosages for treatment against bacterial infections. In clinical laboratories, most widely used AST methods are disk diffusion, gradient diffusion, broth dilution, or commercially available semi-automated systems. Though these methods are cost-effective and accurate, they are time-consuming, labour-intensive, and require skilled manpower. Recently much attention has been on developing rapid AST techniques to avoid misuse of antibiotics and provide effective treatment. In this review, we have discussed emerging engineering AST techniques with special emphasis on phenotypic AST. These techniques include fluorescence imaging along with computational image processing, surface plasmon resonance, Raman spectra, and laser tweezer as well as micro/nanotechnology-based device such as microfluidics, microdroplets, and microchamber. The mechanical and electrical behaviour of single bacterial cell and bacterial suspension for the study of AST is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagaban Behera
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - G K Anil Vishnu
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Center for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Suman Chatterjee
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - V S N Sitaramgupta V
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Niranjana Sreekumar
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Apoorva Nagabhushan
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | | | - B H Prathik
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Hardik J Pandya
- Biomedical and Electronic (10(-6)-10(-9)) Engineering Systems Laboratory, Department of Electronic Systems Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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25
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Droplet-based non-faradaic impedance sensors for assessment of susceptibility of Escherichia coli to ampicillin in 60 min. Biomed Microdevices 2017; 19:27. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-017-0165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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26
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Safavieh M, Pandya HJ, Venkataraman M, Thirumalaraju P, Kanakasabapathy MK, Singh A, Prabhakar D, Chug MK, Shafiee H. Rapid Real-Time Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing with Electrical Sensing on Plastic Microchips with Printed Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:12832-12840. [PMID: 28291334 PMCID: PMC5695042 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing is important for efficient and timely therapeutic decision making. Due to globally spread bacterial resistance, the efficacy of antibiotics is increasingly being impeded. Conventional antibiotic tests rely on bacterial culture, which is time-consuming and can lead to potentially inappropriate antibiotic prescription and up-front broad range of antibiotic use. There is an urgent need to develop point-of-care platform technologies to rapidly detect pathogens, identify the right antibiotics, and monitor mutations to help adjust therapy. Here, we report a biosensor for rapid (<90 min), real time, and label-free bacteria isolation from whole blood and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Target bacteria are captured on flexible plastic-based microchips with printed electrodes using antibodies (30 min), and its electrical response is monitored in the presence and absence of antibiotics over an hour of incubation time. We evaluated the microchip with Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as clinical models with ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, daptomycin, gentamicin, and methicillin antibiotics. The results are compared with the current standard methods, i.e. bacteria viability and conventional antibiogram assays. The technology presented here has the potential to provide precise and rapid bacteria screening and guidance in clinical therapies by identifying the correct antibiotics for pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Safavieh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hardik J. Pandya
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Maanasa Venkataraman
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Prudhvi Thirumalaraju
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Anupriya Singh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Devbalaji Prabhakar
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Manjyot Kaur Chug
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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27
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Syal K, Mo M, Yu H, Iriya R, Jing W, Guodong S, Wang S, Grys TE, Haydel SE, Tao N. Current and emerging techniques for antibiotic susceptibility tests. Theranostics 2017; 7:1795-1805. [PMID: 28638468 PMCID: PMC5479269 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are a worldwide burden. Serious bacterial infection-related complications, such as sepsis, affect over a million people every year with mortality rates ranging from 30% to 50%. Crucial clinical microbiology laboratory responsibilities associated with patient management and treatment include isolating and identifying the causative bacterium and performing antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs), which are labor-intensive, complex, imprecise, and slow (taking days, depending on the growth rate of the pathogen). Considering the life-threatening condition of a septic patient and the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospitals, rapid and automated diagnostic tools are needed. This review summarizes the existing commercial AST methods and discusses some of the promising emerging AST tools that will empower humans to win the evolutionary war between microbial genes and human wits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Syal
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Manni Mo
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Hui Yu
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Rafael Iriya
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Wenwen Jing
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Sui Guodong
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Thomas E. Grys
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona 85054, USA
| | - Shelley E. Haydel
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Nongjian Tao
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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28
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Kelley SO. New Technologies for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profiling. SLAS Technol 2016; 22:113-121. [PMID: 27879409 DOI: 10.1177/2211068216680207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Conventional approaches to bacterial identification and drug susceptibility testing typically rely on culture-based approaches that take 2 to 7 days to return results. The long turnaround times contribute to the spread of infectious disease, negative patient outcomes, and the misuse of antibiotics that can contribute to antibiotic resistance. To provide new solutions enabling faster bacterial analysis, a variety of approaches are under development that leverage single-cell analysis, microfluidic concentration and detection strategies, and ultrasensitive readout mechanisms. This review discusses recent advances in this area and the potential of new technologies to enable more effective management of infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana O Kelley
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,3 Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Besant JD, Sargent EH, Kelley SO. Rapid electrochemical phenotypic profiling of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:2799-807. [PMID: 26008802 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00375j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid phenotyping of bacteria to identify drug-resistant strains is an important capability for the treatment and management of infectious disease. At present, the rapid determination of antibiotic susceptibility is hindered by the requirement that, in existing devices, bacteria must be pre-cultured for 2-3 days to reach detectable levels. Here we report a novel electrochemical approach that achieves rapid readout of the antibiotic susceptibility profile of a bacterial infection within one hour. The electrochemical reduction of a redox-active molecule is monitored that reports on levels of metabolically-active bacteria. Bacteria are captured in miniaturized wells, incubated with antimicrobials and monitored for resistance. This electrochemical phenotyping approach is effective with clinically-relevant levels of bacteria, and provides results comparable to culture-based analysis. Results, however, are delivered on a much faster timescale, with resistance profiles available after a one hour incubation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Besant
- Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada.
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