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Syms RRA, Wright S. Solvent-pumped evaporation concentration on paper in linear and radial geometries. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:044103. [PMID: 37576441 PMCID: PMC10415022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0161199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Solvent-pumped evaporation-driven concentration of an initial distribution of solutes on a porous substrate is considered in one and two dimensions. Approximate analytic solutions to the isotropic advection-dispersion equations are first found for a Gaussian kernel and an infinite domain, following the smoothed particle approximation. Analytic solutions for more general initial distributions are then found as sums of Gaussians, and comparison is made with numerical solutions. In each case, initial distributions are advected toward the stagnation point and concentrated. Two-dimensional analysis is then extended to describe anisotropy in permeability and diffusion, and hydrodynamic dispersion. Radial-flow experiments are performed using filter papers and water-soluble dyes. Diffusion coefficients, temperature and humidity profiles, and the evolution of spot distributions are measured. The results confirm minor anisotropy in permeability and diffusion, limited hydrodynamic dispersion, and largely uniform evaporation. Péclet numbers over 2500 are demonstrated. Evaporation-driven concentration provides a mechanism for solute transport over long timescales. Potential applications lie in the design of paper spray microanalytical devices operating by solvent pumping rather than capillary flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R. A. Syms
- EEE Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Wright
- EEE Department, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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2
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Zeng H, Wakata Y, Chao X, Li M, Sun C. On evaporation dynamics of an acoustically levitated multicomponent droplet: Evaporation-triggered phase transition and freezing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:736-744. [PMID: 37321093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Multi-component droplet evaporation has received significant attention in recent years due to the broad range of applications such as material science, environmental monitoring, and pharmaceuticals. The selective evaporation induced by the different physicochemical properties of components is expected to influence the concentration distributions and the separation of mixtures, thereby leading to rich interfacial phenomena and phase interactions. EXPERIMENTS A ternary mixture system containing hexadecane, ethanol, and diethyl ether is investigated in this study. The diethyl ether exhibits both surfactant-like and co-solvent properties. Systematic experiments were performed using acoustic levitation technique to achieve a contact-less evaporation condition. The evaporation dynamics and temperature information are acquired in the experiments, using high-speed photography and infrared thermography technologies. FINDINGS Three distinct stages, namely, 'Ouzo state', 'Janus state', and 'Encapsulating state', are identified for the evaporating ternary droplet in acoustic levitation. A self-sustaining periodic freezing & melting evaporation mode is reported. A theoretical model is developed to characterize the multi-stage evaporating behaviors. We demonstrate the capability to tune the evaporating behaviors by varying the initial droplet composition. This work provides a deeper understanding of the interfacial dynamics and phase transitions involved in multi-component droplets and proposes novel strategies for the design and control of droplet-based systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zeng
- Center for Combustion Energy, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuki Wakata
- Center for Combustion Energy, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xing Chao
- Center for Combustion Energy, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Mingbo Li
- Center for Combustion Energy, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Chao Sun
- Center for Combustion Energy, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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3
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Syms RRA, Wright S. Paper-based evaporation concentrators: Comparison of linear and radial geometries. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:014102. [PMID: 36619875 PMCID: PMC9815885 DOI: 10.1063/5.0129510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based evaporation concentrators with linear and radial geometries are compared. A new method of finding approximate analytic solutions of the advection-dispersion equation is proposed, based on the behavior of concentrators with infinite sources. Analytic approximations are compared with numerical solutions, and the advantage of radial concentration is highlighted: linear concentration rates scale with the square root of the Péclet number Pe while radial rates scale with Pe itself, leading to faster radial concentration beyond a critical value. Experiments are performed with Brilliant Blue FCF dye, using optical transmission and the Beer-Lambert law for quantitation. Dye concentrations are chosen for operation in the linear absorbance regime. Radial concentration is demonstrated under ambient conditions on filter paper disks with 60 mm diameter evaporation areas fed from a perimeter source, in a reverse of the well-known "coffee stain" experiment. Airflow enhanced concentration in strips and wedges is compared directly, using laser-patterned chromatography paper. The advantage of radial concentration is confirmed (and enhanced by diversion of concentrate to the corners of strips) and concentration factors greater than ∼ 500 (the dynamic range of measurement) are obtained in ∼2 h using 30 mm long columns.
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Khamcharoen W, Kaewjua K, Yomthiangthae P, Anekrattanasap A, Chailapakul O, Siangproh W. Recent developments in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices for pharmaceutical analysis. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:CTMC-EPUB-127245. [PMID: 36305123 DOI: 10.2174/1568026623666221027144310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, due to the global increase in diseases, drugs for biomedical applications have increased dramatically. Therefore, there is an urgent need for analytical tools to monitor, treat, investigate, and control drug compounds in diverse matrices. The new and challenging task has been looking for simple, low-cost, rapid, and portable analytical platforms. The development of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µPADs) has garnered immense attention in many analytical applications due to the benefit of cellulose structure. It can be functionalized and serves as an ideal channel and scaffold for the transportation and immobilization of various substances. Microfluidic technology has been considered an effective tool in pharmaceutical analysis that facilitates the quantitative measurement of several parameters on cells or other biological systems. The µPADs represent unique advantages over conventional microfluidics, such as the self-pumping capability. They have low material costs, are easy to fabricate, and do not require external power sources. This review gives an overview of the current designs in this decade for µPADs and their respective application in pharmaceutical analysis. These include device designs, choice of paper material, and fabrication techniques with their advantages and drawbacks. In addition, the strategies for improving analytical performance in terms of simplicity, high sensitivity, and selectivity are highlighted, followed by the application of µPADs design for the detection of drug compounds for various purposes. Moreover, we present recent advances involving µPAD technologies in the field of pharmaceutical applications. Finally, we discussed the challenges and potential of µPADs for the transition from laboratory to commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisarut Khamcharoen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Kantima Kaewjua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Phanumas Yomthiangthae
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Ananyaporn Anekrattanasap
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Weena Siangproh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Srinakharinwirot University, Sukhumvit 23, Wattana, Bangkok 10110, Thailand
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Baillargeon K, Morbioli GG, Brooks JC, Miljanic PR, Mace CR. Direct Processing and Storage of Cell-Free Plasma Using Dried Plasma Spot Cards. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:457-465. [PMID: 36281294 PMCID: PMC9585636 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plasma separation cards represent a viable approach for expanding testing capabilities away from clinical settings by generating cell-free plasma with minimal user intervention. These devices typically comprise a basic structure of the plasma separation membrane, unconstrained porous collection pad, and utilize either (i) lateral or (ii) vertical fluidic pathways for separating plasma. Unfortunately, these configurations are highly susceptible to (i) inconsistent sampling volume due to differences in the patient hematocrit or (ii) severe contamination due to leakage of red blood cells or release of hemoglobin (i.e., hemolysis). Herein, we combine the enhanced sampling of our previously reported patterned dried blood spot cards with an assembly of porous separation materials to produce a patterned dried plasma spot card for direct processing and storage of cell-free plasma. Linking both vertical separation and lateral distribution of plasma yields discrete plasma collection zones that are spatially protected from potential contamination due to hemolysis and an inlet zone enriched with blood cells for additional testing. We evaluate the versatility of this card by quantitation of three classes of analytes and techniques including (i) the soluble transferrin receptor by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, (ii) potassium by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and (iii) 18S rRNA by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We achieve quantitative recovery of each class of analyte with no statistically significant difference between dried and liquid reference samples. We anticipate that this sampling approach can be applied broadly to improve access to critical blood testing in resource-limited settings or at the point-of-care.
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6
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Current Trends and Challenges in Point-of-care Urinalysis of Biomarkers in Trace Amounts. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Ranjbaran M, Verma MS. Microfluidics at the interface of bacteria and fresh produce. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Resmi PE, Suneesh PV, Ramachandran T, Babu TGS. Paper based micro/nanofluidics devices for biomedical applications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 186:159-190. [PMID: 35033283 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This chapter details the significance, fabrication and biomedical applications of paper-based microfluidic devices. The first part of the chapter describes the importance of paper diagnostic devices, highlighting pretreatment, dipsticks, lateral flow assays, and microPADs. Various methods followed for the fabrication of the paper analytical devices are discussed in the second part. The last part is about some of the important biomedical applications of paper analytical devices. Finally, the challenges and research gaps in the paper microfluidics for biomedical applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- P E Resmi
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - P V Suneesh
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - T Ramachandran
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India
| | - T G Satheesh Babu
- Amrita Biosensor Research Lab, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India; Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore, India.
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Alahmad W, Sahragard A, Varanusupakul P. Online and offline preconcentration techniques on paper-based analytical devices for ultrasensitive chemical and biochemical analysis: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 194:113574. [PMID: 34474275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have attracted much attention over the past decade. They embody many advantages, such as abundance, portability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of fabrication, making them superior for clinical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety assurance. Despite these advantages, μPADs lack the high sensitivity to detect many analytes at trace levels than other commercial analytical instruments such as mass spectrometry. Therefore, a preconcentration step is required to enhance their sensitivity. This review focuses on the techniques used to separate and preconcentrate the analytes onto the μPADs, such as ion concentration polarization, isotachophoresis, and field amplification sample stacking. Other separations and preconcentration techniques, including liquid-solid and liquid-liquid extractions coupled with μPADs, are also reviewed and discussed. In addition, the fabrication methods, advantages, disadvantages, and the performance evaluation of the μPADs concerning their precision and accuracy were highlighted and critically assessed. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Ali Sahragard
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pakorn Varanusupakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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10
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Assessing citric acid-derived luminescent probes for pH and ammonia sensing: A comprehensive experimental and theoretical study. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1186:339125. [PMID: 34756267 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work reports on the assessment of luminescent probes derived from citric acid (CA) and β-aminothiols (namely, l-cysteine (Cys) and cysteamine) for instrumental and smartphone-based fluorimetric sensing purposes. Remarkably, the evaluated luminescent probes derived from natural compounds showed pH-dependent dual excitation/dual emission features. Both fluorophores hold promise for the ratiometric fluorimetric sensing of pH, being especially convenient for the smartphone-based sensing of pH via ratiometric analysis by proper selection of B and G color channels. Time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations allowed to substantiate the pH dependent structure-property relationship and to unveil the critical role of the CA derived carboxyl group, these findings contributing to the fundamental knowledge on these systems for the rational design of new fluorophores and in establishing fluorescence sensing mechanisms of CA-derived systems. Besides, paper-based devices modified with CA-Cys were implemented in a three-phase separation approach for sensitive and selective ammonia sensing, yielding a remarkable enrichment factor of 389 and a limit of detection of 37 μM under optimal conditions. The proposed approach was successfully applied to the determination of ammonia nitrogen and extractable ammonium in water samples and marine sediments, respectively.
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11
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Lopez de la Cruz R, Schilder N, Zhang X, Lohse D. Phase Separation of an Evaporating Ternary Solution in a Hele-Shaw Cell. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:10450-10460. [PMID: 34424709 PMCID: PMC8427745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, we investigate the dynamic phenomena induced by solvent evaporation from ternary solutions confined in a Hele-Shaw cell. The model solutions consist of ethanol, water, and oil, and with the decrease in ethanol concentration by selective evaporation, they may undergo microdroplet formation via the ouzo effect or macroscopic liquid-liquid phase separation. We varied the initial concentration of the three components of the solutions. For all ternary solutions, evaporation of the good solvent ethanol from the gas-liquid interface, aligned with one side of the cell, leads to a Marangoni instability at the early stage of the evaporation process. The presence of the Marangoni instability is in agreement with our recent predictions based on linear stability analysis of binary systems. However, the location and onset of subsequent microdroplet formation and phase separation are the result of the interplay between the Marangoni instability and the initial composition of the ternary mixtures. We classified the ternary solutions into different groups according to the initial concentration of oil. For each group, based on the ternary diagram of the mixture, we offer a rationale for the way phase separation takes place and discuss how the instability influences droplet nucleation. Our work helps us to understand under what conditions and where droplet nucleation can take place when advection is present during phase separation inside a microfluidic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo
Arturo Lopez de la Cruz
- Physics
of Fluids Group, Max-Planck-Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics,
Mesa+ Institute, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Noor Schilder
- Physics
of Fluids Group, Max-Planck-Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics,
Mesa+ Institute, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Physics
of Fluids Group, Max-Planck-Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics,
Mesa+ Institute, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University
of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics
of Fluids Group, Max-Planck-Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics,
Mesa+ Institute, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, Faculty
of Science and Technology, University of
Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Max
Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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12
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ASANO H, MAEDA T, SHIRAISHI Y. Sensitive Determination of Hexavalent Chromium Using a Microfluidic Paper-based Analytical Device with Solid Phase Extraction. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2021. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.70.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi ASANO
- Center for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University
| | - Taishiro MAEDA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Sanyo-Onoda City University
| | - Yukihide SHIRAISHI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Sanyo-Onoda City University
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Tang R, Alam N, Li M, Xie M, Ni Y. Dissolvable sugar barriers to enhance the sensitivity of nitrocellulose membrane lateral flow assay for COVID-19 nucleic acid. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 268:118259. [PMID: 34127229 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrocellulose (NC) membrane can have value-added applications for lateral flow assay (LFA)-based diagnostic tools, which has great potential for the detection of pathogens, such as COVID-19, in different environments. However, poor sensitivity of the NC membrane based LFA limits its further application in many cases. Herein, we developed a facile method for LFA sensitivity enhancement, by incorporating two-sugar barrier into LFAs: one between the conjugation pad and the test line, and the other between the test line and the control line. ORF1ab nucleic acid of COVID-19 was used as the model target to demonstrate the concept on the HF120 membrane. Results show that at optimum conditions, the two sugar barrier LFAs have a detection limit of 0.5 nM, which is compared to that of 2.5 nM for the control LFA, achieving a 5-fold sensitivity increase. This low cost, easy-to-fabricate and easy-to-integrate LFA method may have potential applications in other cellulose paper-based platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Tang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China; Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada.
| | - Nur Alam
- Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Min Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Mingyue Xie
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada.
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Lee D, Kim I, Lee SW, Lee G, Yoon DS. RETRACTED CHAPTER: Technical Features and Challenges of the Paper-Based Colorimetric Assay. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-8723-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Ninwong B, Ratnarathorn N, Henry CS, Mace CR, Dungchai W. Dual Sample Preconcentration for Simultaneous Quantification of Metal Ions Using Electrochemical and Colorimetric Assays. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3999-4008. [PMID: 33237766 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A paper-based method for heating preconcentration (PAD-HP) has been developed for the determination of Pb2+, Cd2+, Fe3+, and Ni2+. The design of our heating system was evaluated for dual quantification of ions using electrochemical and colorimetric methods simultaneously. The PAD-HP was used to detect Pb2+ and Cd2+ by anodic stripping voltammetry and to detect Fe3+ and Ni2+ by colorimetric reactions. Assay conditions were optimized by evaluating performance when changing the concentration of the colorimetric reagent, eluent volume, electrolyte concentration, and electrochemical parameters. Limits of detection (LOD) were determined to be 0.97 and 2.33 μg L-1 for Pb2+ and Cd2+ (via voltammetry) and 0.03 and 0.04 mg L-1 for Fe3+ and Ni2+ (via colorimetric assay), respectively. The relative standard deviations for assays were in the range of 5.76 to 10.12%. We observed that the PAD-HP method significantly enhanced the signal of all metals ions (14-100-fold, depending on the metal) in comparison to paper-based devices that did not use a heating preconcentration system. This PAD-HP method was successfully applied to the determination of metals ions in samples of drinking water, tap water, pond water, and wastewater. These results suggest that our approach can provide a convenient strategy to monitor aqueous samples for heavy metals with high sensitivity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Ninwong
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Nanomaterials Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280, Thailand
| | - Nalin Ratnarathorn
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles R. Mace
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachussets 02155, United States
| | - Wijitar Dungchai
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Applied Science & Engineering for Social Solution Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Prachautid Road, Thungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
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16
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Emerging applications of paper-based analytical devices for drug analysis: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1116:70-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Shay T, Saha T, Dickey MD, Velev OD. Principles of long-term fluids handling in paper-based wearables with capillary-evaporative transport. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2020; 14:034112. [PMID: 32566070 PMCID: PMC7286699 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We construct and investigate paper-based microfluidic devices, which model long-term fluid harvesting, transport, sensing, and analysis in new wearables for sweat analysis. Such devices can continuously wick fluid mimicking sweat and dispose of it on evaporation pads. We characterize and analyze how the action of capillarity and evaporation can cooperatively be used to transport and process sweat mimics containing dissolved salts and model analytes. The results point out that non-invasive osmotic extraction combined with paper microfluidics and evaporative disposal can enable sweat collection and monitoring for durations longer than 10 days. We model the fluid flow in the new capillary-evaporative devices and identify the parameters enabling their long-term operation. We show that the transport rates are sufficiently large to handle natural sweat rates, while we envision that such handling can be interfaced with osmotic harvesting of sweat, a concept that we demonstrated recently. Finally, we illustrate that the salt film deposited at the evaporation pad would eventually lead to cessation of the process but at the same time will preserve a record of analytes that may be used for long-term biomarker monitoring in sweat. These principles can be implemented in future platforms for wearable skin-interfacing assays or electronic biomarker monitors.
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Colorimetric speciation of Cr on paper-based analytical devices based on field amplified stacking. Talanta 2020; 210:120635. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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19
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Ninwong B, Sangkaew P, Hapa P, Ratnarathorn N, Menger RF, Henry CS, Dungchai W. Sensitive distance-based paper-based quantification of mercury ions using carbon nanodots and heating-based preconcentration. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9884-9893. [PMID: 35498601 PMCID: PMC9050213 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00791a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports the first fluorescent distance-based paper device coupled with an evaporating preconcentration system for determining trace mercury ions (Hg2+) in water. The fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were synthesized by a one-step microwave method using citric acid and ethylenediamine. The fluorescence turn-off of the NCDs in the presence of Hg2+ was visualized with a common black light, and the distance of the quenched fluorescence correlated to Hg2+ concentration. The optimal conditions for pH, NCD concentration, sample volume, and reaction time were investigated. Heating preconcentration was used to improve the detection limits of the fluorescent distance-based paper device by a factor of 100. Under the optimal conditions, the naked eye limit of detection (LOD) was 5 μg L-1 Hg2+. This LOD is sufficient for monitoring drinking water where the maximum allowable mercury level is 6 μg L-1 as established by the World Health Organization (WHO). The fluorescent distance-based paper device was successfully applied for Hg2+ quantification in water samples without interference from other cations. The proposed method provides several advantages over atomic absorption spectroscopy including ease of use, inexpensive material and fabrication, and portability. In addition, the devices are simple to fabricate and have a long shelf-life (>5 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Ninwong
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
- Nanomaterials Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280 Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Sangkaew
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
| | - Photcharapan Hapa
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
| | - Nalin Ratnarathorn
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
| | - Ruth F Menger
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Charles S Henry
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Wijitar Dungchai
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
- Applied Science & Engineering for Social Solution Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand
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20
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Cai Y, Niu JC, Liu YQ, Du XL, Wu ZY. Online sample clean-up and enrichment of proteins from salty media with dynamic double gradients on a paper fluidic channel. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1100:149-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Mani NK, Das SS, Dawn S, Chakraborty S. Electro-kinetically driven route for highly sensitive blood pathology on a paper-based device. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:615-620. [PMID: 31891191 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enhancing the sensitivity of colorimetric detection in paper-devices is a quintessential step in achieving frugal diagnosis. Here, we demonstrate an effective way of improving the detection sensitivity of paper-based devices, as mediated by electro-kinetic mechanisms. By directly employing blood plasma, we investigate the electro-kinetic clustering of glucose, a neutral molecule in paper devices. Under the influence of uniform electric field, dispersed glucose gets accumulated in the paper strips. Due to the combination of EOF and electrophoretic migration, we achieve twofold increase in the colour intensity for both normal and diabetic samples. This approach is robust and possesses better sensitivity than conventional colorimetric assays and can be easily extended to other body fluid based diagnosis. These results may turn out to be of profound importance in improving the quality of pathological diagnosis in low-cost paper-based point-of-care devices deployed in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Sankha Shuvra Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Sayantan Dawn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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22
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Kare SPO, Kulkarni G, Chaudhury K, Das S. Autofluorescence quenching of filter paper using nickel oxide nanoparticles for biosensing. PROCEEDINGS OF ADVANCED MATERIAL, ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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23
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Guo S, Schlecht W, Li L, Dong WJ. Paper-based cascade cationic isotachophoresis: Multiplex detection of cardiac markers. Talanta 2019; 205:120112. [PMID: 31450472 PMCID: PMC6858795 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analytical devices (PADs) are widely used in point-of-care testing (POCT) as they are cost-effective, simple and straightforward. However, poor sensitivity hinders their use in detecting diseases with low abundance biomarkers. The poor detection limit of PADs is mainly attributed to the low concentration of analytes, and the complexity of biological fluid, leading to insufficient interactions between analytes and capture antibodies. This study aims to overcome these difficulties by developing a paper-based cationic isotachophoresis (ITP) approach for simultaneously detecting pico-molar levels of two essential cardiac protein markers: acidic troponin T (cTnT) and basic troponin I (cTnI) spiked into human serum samples. The approach utilizes 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) treated glass fiber papers with decreasing cross-sectional area assembled on a 3D printed cartridge device. Our results showed that in the presence of cTnT monoclonal antibody (mAb), fluorescently labeled cTnI and cTnT could be effectively enriched in cationic ITP. Each individual target was captured subsequently by a test line in the detection zone where the capture mAb was immobilized. Detailed analysis suggests that the technology is capable of simultaneous on-board depletion of abundant plasma proteins and enrichment of cTnI/cTnT by ~1300-fold with a sensitivity of 0.6 pmol/L for cTnT and a sensitivity of 1.5 pmol/L for cTnI in less than 6 min. The results demonstrate the potential of this technology for rapid, ultra-sensitive and cost-effective analysis of multiplex protein markers in clinical serum samples at point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guo
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - William Schlecht
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Lei Li
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Wen-Ji Dong
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
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24
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Research and Application Progress of Paper-based Microfluidic Sample Preconcentration. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(19)61203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Tang RH, Liu LN, Zhang SF, Li A, Li Z. Modification of a nitrocellulose membrane with cellulose nanofibers for enhanced sensitivity of lateral flow assays: application to the determination of Staphylococcus aureus. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:831. [PMID: 31758272 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3970-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays, as a low-cost, simple, portable and disposable product of vitro diagnostic, are being widely used for point-of-care testing. However, the poor sensitivity of LFAs is the main challenge for commercialization. In order to enhance the sensitivity of LFAs, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) have been integrated into LFAs to enhance the sensitivity of protein LFAs. A simple method is also presented to modify the properties of paper substrate by incorporating CNFs into a nitrocellulose membrane to enhance the sensitivity of nucleic acid LFAs. This method changes the pore size, porosity, surface groups and surface area of paper substrate and then increases the adsorption ability of biomolecules on paper substrate. The results indicate that the sensitivity of nucleic acid LFAs in Staphylococcus aureus testing achieves a 20-fold enhancement. Hence, we anticipate that this simple method has the potential for other paper-based devices to improve the performance. Graphical abstractA simple method is used to modify the properties of paper substrate by incorporating cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) into nitrocellulose (NC) membrane to enhance the sensitivity of nucleic acid LFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hua Tang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Na Liu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Feng Zhang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Paper based Functional Materials of China National Light Industry, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zedong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Kimani MK, Loo R, Goluch ED. Biosample Concentration Using Microscale Forward Osmosis with Electrochemical Monitoring. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7487-7494. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin K. Kimani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Rachel Loo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Edgar D. Goluch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Biology, Civil & Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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27
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Lamas-Ardisana P, Martínez-Paredes G, Añorga L, Grande H. The effect of the evaporation rate on electrochemical measurements with paper-based analytical devices and its minimisation by enclosure with adhesive tape. Electrochem commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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28
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Guo S, Jacroux T, Ivory CF, Li L, Dong WJ. Immunobinding-induced alteration in the electrophoretic mobility of proteins: An approach to studying the preconcentration of an acidic protein under cationic isotachophoresis. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:1314-1321. [PMID: 30656700 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore an approach for analyzing negatively charged proteins using paper-based cationic ITP. The rationale of electrophoretic focusing the target protein with negative charges under unfavorable cationic ITP condition is to modify the electrophoretic mobility of the target protein through antigen-antibody immunobinding. Cationic ITP was performed on a paper-based analytical device that was fabricated using fiberglass paper. The paper matrix was modified with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane to minimize sample attraction to the surface for cationic ITP. Negatively charged BSA was used as the model target protein for the cationic ITP experiments. No electrophoretic mobility was observed for BSA-only samples during cationic ITP experimental condition. However, the presence of a primary antibody to BSA significantly improved the electrokinetic behavior of the target protein. Adding a secondary antibody conjugated with amine-rich quantum dots to the sample further facilitated the concentrating effect of ITP, reduced experiment time, and elevated the stacking ratio. Under our optimized experimental conditions, the cationic ITP-based paper device electrophoretically stacked 94% of loaded BSA in less than 7 min. Our results demonstrate that the technique has a broad potential for rapid and cost-effective isotachphoretic analysis of multiplex protein biomarkers in serum samples at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Guo
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Thomas Jacroux
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Cornelius F Ivory
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Lei Li
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Wen-Ji Dong
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.,Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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29
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Fornells E, Hilder EF, Breadmore MC. Preconcentration by solvent removal: techniques and applications. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1715-1727. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1530-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Nilghaz A, Lu X. Detection of antibiotic residues in pork using paper-based microfluidic device coupled with filtration and concentration. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1046:163-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Land KJ. The Many Roads to an Ideal Paper-based Device. PAPER-BASED DIAGNOSTICS 2018. [PMCID: PMC7119996 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96870-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The recent Zika and Ebola virus outbreaks highlight the need for low-cost diagnostics that can be rapidly deployed and used outside of established clinical infrastructure. This demand for robust point-of-care (POC) diagnostics is further driven by the increasing burden of drug-resistant diseases, concern for food and water safety, and bioterrorism. As has been discussed in previous chapters, paper-based tests provide a simple and compelling solution to such needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Land
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
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32
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Abstract
Point-of-care and in-field technologies for rapid, sensitive and selective detection of molecular biomarkers have attracted much interest. Rugged bioassay technology capable of fast detection of markers for pathogens and genetic diseases would in particular impact the quality of health care in the developing world, but would also make possible more extensive screening in developed countries to tackle problems such as those associated with water and food quality, and tracking of infectious organisms in hospitals and clinics. Literature trends indicate an increasing interest in the use of nanomaterials, and in particular luminescent nanoparticles, for assay development. These materials may offer attributes for development of assays and sensors that could achieve improvements in analytical figures of merit, and provide practical advantages in sensitivity and stability. There is opportunity for cost-efficiency and technical simplicity by implementation of luminescent nanomaterials as the basis for transduction technology, when combined with the use of paper substrates, and the ubiquitous availability of cell phone cameras and associated infrastructure for optical detection and transmission of results. Luminescent nanoparticles have been described for a broad range of bioanalytical targets including small molecules, oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, saccharides and whole cells (e.g., cancer diagnostics). The luminescent nanomaterials that are described herein for paper-based bioassays include metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and lanthanide-doped nanocrystals. These nanomaterials often have broad and strong absorption and narrow emission bands that improve opportunity for multiplexed analysis, and can be designed to provide emission at wavelengths that are efficiently processed by conventional digital cameras. Luminescent nanoparticles can be embedded in paper substrates that are designed to direct fluid flow, and the resulting combination of technologies can offer competitive analytical performance at relatively low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ju
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China. and Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
| | - M Omair Noor
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
| | - Ulrich J Krull
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
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33
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Test for arsenic speciation in waters based on a paper-based analytical device with scanometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1011:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Sensitive colorimetric detection of Cu2+ by simultaneous reaction and electrokinetic stacking on a paper-based analytical device. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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35
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Song YZ, Zhang XX, Liu JJ, Fang F, Wu ZY. Electrokinetic stacking of electrically neutral analytes with paper-based analytical device. Talanta 2018; 182:247-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Shimada Y, Kaneta T. Highly Sensitive Paper-based Analytical Devices with the Introduction of a Large-Volume Sample via Continuous Flow. ANAL SCI 2018; 34:65-70. [PMID: 29321460 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.34.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of continuous flow in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) was challenging because of the large-volume introduction that was created; but this allowed for the development of novel types of PADs for preconcentration, separation, and sensitive detection. In this study, pump-free continuous flow was applied to a distance-based PAD for the determination of iron ions. Continuous flow enabled the introduction of a volume that exceeded what was necessary to fill the hydrophilic channel of a PAD. Thus, this continuous-flow method significantly improved both the limits of detection (LOD) and the limits of quantification (LOQ) for a distance-based PAD by increasing the sample volume that could be introduced into the PAD. The values for LOD and LOQ were 20 and 26 ppb, respectively, which were more than 150-times lower than that obtained using a small sample volume (50 μL), and were comparable to those of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The continuous-flow technique was applicable to the determination of iron ions at levels of several tens of ppb in natural water without preconcentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhi Shimada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Takashi Kaneta
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
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37
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Yew CHT, Azari P, Choi JR, Li F, Pingguan-Murphy B. Electrospin-coating of nitrocellulose membrane enhances sensitivity in nucleic acid-based lateral flow assay. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1009:81-88. [PMID: 29422135 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-care biosensors are important tools developed to aid medical diagnosis and testing, food safety and environmental monitoring. Paper-based biosensors, especially nucleic acid-based lateral flow assays (LFA), are affordable, simple to produce and easy to use in remote settings. However, the sensitivity of such assays to infectious diseases has always been a restrictive challenge. Here, we have successfully electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) on nitrocellulose (NC) membrane to form a hydrophobic coating to reduce the flow rate and increase the interaction rate between the targets and gold nanoparticles-detecting probes conjugates, resulting in the binding of more complexes to the capture probes. With this approach, the sensitivity of the PCL electrospin-coated test strip has been increased by approximately ten-fold as compared to the unmodified test strip. As a proof of concept, this approach holds great potential for sensitive detection of targets at point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Hong Takahiro Yew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Centre (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Pedram Azari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre of Applied Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jane Ru Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2054-6250 Applied Science Lane, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Fei Li
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Centre (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
| | - Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Centre for the Initiation of Talent and Industrial Training (CITra), University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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38
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Kang DH, Kim K, Son Y, Chang PS, Kim J, Jung HS. Design of a simple paper-based colorimetric biosensor using polydiacetylene liposomes for neomycin detection. Analyst 2018; 143:4623-4629. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01097h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A paper-based analytical device (μPAD) combined with self-signaling polydiacetylene liposomes was developed for convenient visual neomycin detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hyun Kang
- Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
| | - Keesung Kim
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials
- College of Engineering
- Seoul National University
- South Korea
| | - Younghwan Son
- Department of Rural Systems Engineering and Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Seoul National University. Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Jinsang Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering
| | - Ho-Sup Jung
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Seoul National University. Seoul
- South Korea
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39
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Song YZ, Zhang XX, Ma B, Wu ZY, Zhang ZQ. Performance of electrokinetic stacking enhanced paper-based analytical device with smartphone for fast detection of fluorescent whitening agent. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 995:85-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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40
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Magro L, Escadafal C, Garneret P, Jacquelin B, Kwasiborski A, Manuguerra JC, Monti F, Sakuntabhai A, Vanhomwegen J, Lafaye P, Tabeling P. Paper microfluidics for nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) of infectious diseases. LAB ON A CHIP 2017. [PMID: 28632278 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00013h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of infectious diseases is entering a new and interesting phase. Technologies based on paper microfluidics, coupled to developments in isothermal amplification of Nucleic Acids (NAs) raise opportunities for bringing the methods of molecular biology in the field, in a low setting environment. A lot of work has been performed in the domain over the last few years and the landscape of contributions is rich and diverse. Most often, the level of sample preparation differs, along with the sample nature, the amplification and detection methods, and the design of the device, among other features. In this review, we attempt to offer a structured description of the state of the art. The domain is not mature and there exist bottlenecks that hamper the realization of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) complying with the constraints of the field in low and middle income countries. In this domain however, the pace of progress is impressively fast. This review is written for a broad Lab on a Chip audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Magro
- MMN, Gulliver Laboratory, UMR CNRS 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
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41
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Gong MM, Sinton D. Turning the Page: Advancing Paper-Based Microfluidics for Broad Diagnostic Application. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28627178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major global health issue. Diagnosis is a critical first step in effectively managing their spread. Paper-based microfluidic diagnostics first emerged in 2007 as a low-cost alternative to conventional laboratory testing, with the goal of improving accessibility to medical diagnostics in developing countries. In this review, we examine the advances in paper-based microfluidic diagnostics for medical diagnosis in the context of global health from 2007 to 2016. The theory of fluid transport in paper is first presented. The next section examines the strategies that have been employed to control fluid and analyte transport in paper-based assays. Tasks such as mixing, timing, and sequential fluid delivery have been achieved in paper and have enabled analytical capabilities comparable to those of conventional laboratory methods. The following section examines paper-based sample processing and analysis. The most impactful advancement here has been the translation of nucleic acid analysis to a paper-based format. Smartphone-based analysis is another exciting development with potential for wide dissemination. The last core section of the review highlights emerging health applications, such as male fertility testing and wearable diagnostics. We conclude the review with the future outlook, remaining challenges, and emerging opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max M Gong
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto , 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G8
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42
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Tang R, Yang H, Gong Y, Liu Z, Li X, Wen T, Qu Z, Zhang S, Mei Q, Xu F. Improved Analytical Sensitivity of Lateral Flow Assay using Sponge for HBV Nucleic Acid Detection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1360. [PMID: 28465588 PMCID: PMC5431006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem, which can be transmitted through various routes (e.g., blood donation) and cause hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hence, it is necessary to do diagnostic screening for high-risk HBV patients in these transmission routes. Nowadays, protein-based technologies have been used for HBV testing, which however involve the issues of large sample volume, antibody instability and poor specificity. Nucleic acid hybridization-based lateral flow assay (LFA) holds great potential to address these limitations due to its low-cost, rapid, and simple features, but the poor analytical sensitivity of LFA restricts its application. In this study, we developed a low-cost, simple and easy-to-use method to improve analytical sensitivity by integrating sponge shunt into LFA to decrease the fluid flow rate. The thickness, length and hydrophobicity of the sponge shunt were sequentially optimized, and achieved 10-fold signal enhancement in nucleic acid testing of HBV as compared to the unmodified LFA. The enhancement was further confirmed by using HBV clinical samples, where we achieved the detection limit of 103 copies/ml as compared to 104 copies/ml in unmodified LFA. The improved LFA holds great potential for diseases diagnostics, food safety control and environment monitoring at point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China.
| | - Yan Gong
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Xi'an Diandi Biotech Company, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - XiuJun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA
| | - Ting Wen
- Xi'an Diandi Biotech Company, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - ZhiGuo Qu
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Sufeng Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China.
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China.
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43
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Fernandes SC, Walz JA, Wilson DJ, Brooks JC, Mace CR. Beyond Wicking: Expanding the Role of Patterned Paper as the Foundation for an Analytical Platform. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5654-5664. [PMID: 28406607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
While a number of assays for soluble analytes have been developed using paper-based microfluidic devices, the detection and analysis of blood cells has remained an outstanding challenge. In this Feature, we discuss how the properties of paper determine the performance of paper-based microfluidic devices and permit the design of cellular assays, which can ultimately impact disparities in healthcare that exist in limited-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syrena C Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Jenna A Walz
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Daniel J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Jessica C Brooks
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Charles R Mace
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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44
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Morbioli GG, Mazzu-Nascimento T, Milan LA, Stockton AM, Carrilho E. Improving Sample Distribution Homogeneity in Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices by Rational Device Design. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4786-4792. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gianini Morbioli
- Instituto
de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13063-861, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Thiago Mazzu-Nascimento
- Instituto
de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13063-861, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Aparecido Milan
- Departamento
de Estatística, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís km 235,13565-905 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda M. Stockton
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto
de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13063-861, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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45
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Paper-Based Analytical Device for Zinc Ion Quantification in Water Samples with Power-Free Analyte Concentration. MICROMACHINES 2017. [PMCID: PMC6189703 DOI: 10.3390/mi8040127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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46
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Yamada K, Shibata H, Suzuki K, Citterio D. Toward practical application of paper-based microfluidics for medical diagnostics: state-of-the-art and challenges. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1206-1249. [PMID: 28251200 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01577h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have emerged as a promising diagnostic platform a decade ago. In contrast to highly active academic developments, their entry into real-life applications is still very limited. This discrepancy is attributed to the gap between research developments and their practical utility, particularly in the aspects of operational simplicity, long-term stability of devices, and associated equipment. On the basis of these backgrounds, this review attempts to: 1) identify the reasons for success of paper-based devices already in the market, 2) describe the current status and remaining issues of μPADs in terms of operational complexity, signal interpretation approaches, and storage stability, and 3) discuss the possibility of mass production based on established manufacturing technologies. Finally, the state-of-the-art in commercialisation of μPADs is discussed, and the "upgrades" required from a laboratory-based prototype to an end user device are demonstrated on a specific example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Shibata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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47
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Morbioli GG, Mazzu-Nascimento T, Stockton AM, Carrilho E. Technical aspects and challenges of colorimetric detection with microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 970:1-22. [PMID: 28433054 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Paper-based devices are a leading alternative among the main analytical tools for point-of-care testing, due to their portability, low-cost, and ease-of-use. Colorimetric readouts are the most common method of detection in these microfluidic devices, enabling qualitative, semi-quantitative and fully quantitative analysis of multiple analytes. There is a multitude of ways to obtain a colorimetric output in such devices, including nanoparticles, dyes, redox and pH indicators, and each has unique drawbacks and benefits. There are also multiple variables that impact the analysis of colorimetric reactions in microfluidic paper-based systems, including color homogeneity, image capture methods, and the data handling itself. Here, we present a critical review of recent developments and challenges of colorimetric detection on microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), and present thoughts and insights towards future perspectives in the area to improve the use of colorimetric readouts in conjunction with μPADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gianini Morbioli
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil; School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Thiago Mazzu-Nascimento
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda M Stockton
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-carlense, 400, 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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48
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Wu ZY, Ma B, Xie SF, Liu K, Fang F. Simultaneous electrokinetic concentration and separation of proteins on a paper-based analytical device. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26500f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrokinetic concentration and separation of proteins was achieved simultaneously on a paper based analytical device based on the field amplification effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Wu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Chemistry Department
- College of Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
| | - Biao Ma
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Chemistry Department
- College of Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
| | - Song-Fang Xie
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Chemistry Department
- College of Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
| | - Kun Liu
- Research Institute of Vacuum and Fluid
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Fang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- Chemistry Department
- College of Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
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49
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Yang Y, Noviana E, Nguyen MP, Geiss BJ, Dandy DS, Henry CS. Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices: Emerging Themes and Applications. Anal Chem 2016; 89:71-91. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 372] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Michael P. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Brian J. Geiss
- Department
of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - David S. Dandy
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department
of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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50
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Berry SB, Fernandes SC, Rajaratnam A, DeChiara NS, Mace CR. Measurement of the hematocrit using paper-based microfluidic devices. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3689-94. [PMID: 27604182 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00895j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of blood cells provides critical information about a patient's health status. Sophisticated analytical equipment, such as hematology analyzers, have been developed to perform these measurements, but limited-resource settings often lack the infrastructure required to purchase, operate, and maintain instrumentation. To address these practical challenges, paper-based microfluidic devices have emerged as a platform to develop diagnostic assays specifically for use at the point-of-care. To date, paper-based microfluidic devices have been used broadly in diagnostic assays that apply immunoassay, clinical chemistry, and electrochemistry techniques. The analysis of cells, however, has been largely overlooked. In this communication, we demonstrate a paper-based microfluidic device that enables the controlled transport of red blood cells (RBCs) and the measurement of the hematocrit-the ratio of RBC packed cell volume to total volume of whole blood. The properties of paper, device treatment, and device geometry affect the overall extent and reproducibility of transport of RBCs. Ultimately, we developed an inexpensive (US$0.03 per device) thermometer-styled device where the distance traveled by RBCs is proportional to the hematocrit. These results provide a foundation for the design of paper-based microfluidic devices that enable the separation and detection of cells in limited-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Berry
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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