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Ma Y, Gong J, Li Q, Liu X, Qiao C, Zhang J, Zhang S, Li Z. Triple-Mechanism Enhanced Flexible SiO 2 Nanofiber Composite Hydrogel with High Stiffness and Toughness for Cartilaginous Ligaments. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310046. [PMID: 38183373 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering, soft robotics and wearable electronics. However, it is difficult to achieve both the required toughness and stiffness, which severely hampers their application as load-bearing materials. This study presents a strategy to develop a hard and tough composite hydrogel. Herein, flexible SiO2 nanofibers (SNF) are dispersed homogeneously in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix using the synergistic effect of freeze-drying and annealing through the phase separation, the modulation of macromolecular chain movement and the promotion of macromolecular crystallization. When the stress is applied, the strong molecular interaction between PVA and SNF effectively disperses the load damage to the substrate. Freeze-dried and annealed-flexible SiO2 nanofibers/polyvinyl alcohol (FDA-SNF/PVA) reaches a preferred balance between enhanced stiffness (13.71 ± 0.28 MPa) and toughness (9.9 ± 0.4 MJ m-3). Besides, FDA-SNF/PVA hydrogel has a high tensile strength of 7.84 ± 0.10 MPa, super elasticity (no plastic deformation under 100 cycles of stretching), fast deformation recovery ability and excellent mechanical properties that are superior to the other tough PVA hydrogels, providing an effective way to optimize the mechanical properties of hydrogels for potential applications in artificial tendons and ligaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes/Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites of Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jixian Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes/Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites of Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Qiujin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes/Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites of Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Xiuming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes/Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites of Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Qiao
- School of Biological Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Zhang
- National Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology, Taian, 271001, P. R. China
| | - Songnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes/Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites of Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes/Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites of Ministry of Education, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, P. R. China
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Kolodziejczyk A, Wheeler J, Tran NT, Jaye C, Knorr D. Elucidation of Surface Functional Groups Deposited by Electrochemical Surface Treatment of Discontinuous Carbon Fiber by NEXAFS and XPS. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18289-18301. [PMID: 38061034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Control of carbon fiber heteroatom (oxygen and nitrogen) functionalization using electrochemical oxidation is explored in a variety of electrolyte solutions. Results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy indicate that most electrolytes in aqueous and anodic conditions are limited to heteroatom surface content of no more than 13 atomic percent (at %) with a majority C-O and/or C-N moieties; the remaining moieties include an oxidative sequence of carbon (alcohol to ketone to carboxylate) and more complex O- and N-containing groups. The pH of the electrolyte solution was found to be crucial in controlling the ratio of the amount of oxygen to nitrogen functionalities, with the increased basicity of solution resulting in higher nitrogen deposition. The oxidative (and/or thermal) decomposition of many electrolytes during electrochemical treatment can have a major impact on functionalization through changes to pH. Oxidation of carbon fiber in some electrolyte solutions showed higher surface concentrations of heteroatoms (25-30 at %) than most electrolytes (13 at %). Mechanisms were proposed to explain how some electrolytes can exceed 13 at % of heteroatom deposition. Specifically, we hypothesized that electrolytes that contain organic ions with chelation capabilities and moieties that produce additional sites of functionalization can overcome that threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Kolodziejczyk
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0401, United States
| | - Jacob Wheeler
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-5031, United States
| | - Ngon T Tran
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Cherno Jaye
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Daniel Knorr
- DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
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Han S, Tan H, Wei J, Yuan H, Li S, Yang P, Mi H, Liu C, Shen C. Surface Modification of Super Arborized Silica for Flexible and Wearable Ultrafast-Response Strain Sensors with Low Hysteresis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301713. [PMID: 37381645 PMCID: PMC10477872 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Conductive hydrogels exhibit high potential in the fields of wearable sensors, healthcare monitoring, and e-skins. However, it remains a huge challenge to integrate high elasticity, low hysteresis, and excellent stretch-ability in physical crosslinking hydrogels. This study reports the synthesis of polyacrylamide (PAM)-3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate-grafted super arborized silica nanoparticle (TSASN)-lithium chloride (LiCl) hydrogel sensors with high elasticity, low hysteresis, and excellent electrical conductivity. The introduction of TSASN enhances the mechanical strength and reversible resilience of the PAM-TSASN-LiCl hydrogels by chain entanglement and interfacial chemical bonding, and provides stress-transfer centers for external-force diffusion. These hydrogels show outstanding mechanical strength (a tensile stress of 80-120 kPa, elongation at break of 900-1400%, and dissipated energy of 0.8-9.6 kJ m-3 ), and can withstand multiple mechanical cycles. LiCl addition enables the PAM-TSASN-LiCl hydrogels to exhibit excellent electrical properties with an outstanding sensing performance (gauge factor = 4.5), with rapid response (210 ms) within a wide strain-sensing range (1-800%). These PAM-TSASN-LiCl hydrogel sensors can detect various human-body movements for prolonged durations of time, and generate stable and reliable output signals. The hydrogels fabricated with high stretch-ability, low hysteresis, and reversible resilience, can be used as flexible wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Huanhuan Tan
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Jia Wei
- Yunnan Tobacco Quality Inspection and Supervision StationKunming650106China
| | - Hang Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Songwei Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Peipei Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Haoyang Mi
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
| | - Changyu Shen
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyKey Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Ministry of Education)Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002China
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Lee C, Yamaguchi S, Imazato S. Quantitative evaluation of the degradation amount of the silane coupling layer of CAD/CAM resin composites by water absorption. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:55-61. [PMID: 34980788 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Degradation of silane coupling layers by water ingress in computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) of resin composites has been reported qualitatively. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated how water absorption of CAD/CAM resin composites affects the silane coupling layer by in vitro and in silico methods. METHODS A Katana Avencia block (KAB) and an experimental matrix block composed of only a matrix resin were used to evaluate the effect of water immersion for seven days on the elastic modulus. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with fluorine-labeling of the KAB was performed to evaluate the atomic percentage of F1s, which represents the hydrolysis amount by water immersion. In silico analysis of the three-dimensional model of the KAB was performed to determine the coupling ratios before and after water immersion. RESULTS The elastic modulus of the KAB was 8.2 GPa before and 6.9 GPa after immersion in water. The atomic percentages of F1s in the after- and before-immersion groups were 14.31% and 11.52%, respectively, suggesting that hydrolysis of the silane coupling layer occurred during water immersion. From in silico analysis of the three-dimensional model of the KAB, the coupling ratio was predicted to be 78.2% before water immersion. After water immersion, the coupling ratio was predicted to be 68.4%. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro and in silico approaches established in this study were able to predict the silane coupling ratios of CAD/CAM resin composites, and they showed that the silane coupling ratio decreased by water absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwoo Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Imazato
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Sypabekova M, Hagemann A, Rho D, Kim S. Review: 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) Deposition Methods on Oxide Surfaces in Solution and Vapor Phases for Biosensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:bios13010036. [PMID: 36671871 PMCID: PMC9856095 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Surface functionalization and bioreceptor immobilization are critical processes in developing a highly sensitive and selective biosensor. The silanization process with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) on oxide surfaces is frequently used for surface functionalization because of beneficial characteristics such as its bifunctional nature and low cost. Optimizing the deposition process of the APTES layer to obtain a monolayer is crucial to having a stable surface and effectively immobilizing the bioreceptors, which leads to the improved repeatability and sensitivity of the biosensor. This review provides an overview of APTES deposition methods, categorized into the solution-phase and vapor-phase, and a comprehensive summary and guide for creating stable APTES monolayers on oxide surfaces for biosensing applications. A brief explanation of APTES is introduced, and the APTES deposition methods with their pre/post-treatments and characterization results are discussed. Lastly, APTES deposition methods on nanoparticles used for biosensors are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzhan Sypabekova
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Aidan Hagemann
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Donggee Rho
- Center for Nano Bio Development, National NanoFab Center (NNFC), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kim
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
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Park G, Lee H, Hyun Sim J, Kim A, Kim M, Paeng K. Polymer Segmental Dynamics Near the Interface of Silica Particles in the Particle/Polymer Composites. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 629:256-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Macroscale Superlubricity of Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots. LUBRICANTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants10070158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, Black Phosphorus Quantum Dots (BPQDs) were synthesized via sonication-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation. The average size of the BPQDs was 3.3 ± 0.85 nm. The BPQDs exhibited excellent dispersion stability in ultrapure water. Macroscale superlubricity was realized with the unmodified BPQDs on rough Si3N4/SiO2 interfaces. A minimum coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.0022 was achieved at the concentration of 0.015 wt%. In addition, the glycerol was introduced to promote the stability of the superlubricity state. The COF of the BPQDs-Glycerol aqueous solution (BGaq) was 83.75% lower than that of the Glycerol aqueous solution (Gaq). Based on the above analysis, the lubrication model was presented. The hydrogen-bonded network and silica gel layer were formed on the friction interface, which played a major role in the realization of macroscale superlubricity. In addition, the adsorption water layer could also prevent the worn surfaces from making contact with each other. Moreover, the synergistic effect between BPQDs and glycerol could significantly decrease the COF and maintain the superlubricity state. The findings theoretically support the realization of macroscale superlubricity with unmodified BPQDs as a water-based lubrication additive.
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Beckhoff B. Traceable Characterization of Nanomaterials by X-ray Spectrometry Using Calibrated Instrumentation. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132255. [PMID: 35808090 PMCID: PMC9268651 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Traceable characterization methods allow for the accurate correlation of the functionality or toxicity of nanomaterials with their underlaying chemical, structural or physical material properties. These correlations are required for the directed development of nanomaterials to reach target functionalities such as conversion efficiencies or selective sensitivities. The reliable characterization of nanomaterials requires techniques that often need to be adapted to the nano-scaled dimensions of the samples with respect to both the spatial dimensions of the probe and the instrumental or experimental discrimination capability. The traceability of analytical methods revealing information on chemical material properties relies on reference materials or qualified calibration samples, the spatial elemental distributions of which must be very similar to the nanomaterial of interest. At the nanoscale, however, only few well-known reference materials exist. An alternate route to establish the required traceability lays in the physical calibration of the analytical instrument’s response behavior and efficiency in conjunction with a good knowledge of the various interaction probabilities. For the elemental analysis, speciation, and coordination of nanomaterials, such a physical traceability can be achieved with X-ray spectrometry. This requires the radiometric calibration of energy- and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectrometers, as well as the reliable determination of atomic X-ray fundamental parameters using such instrumentation. In different operational configurations, the information depths, discrimination capability, and sensitivity of X-ray spectrometry can be considerably modified while preserving its traceability, allowing for the characterization of surface contamination as well as interfacial thin layer and nanoparticle chemical compositions. Furthermore, time-resolved and hybrid approaches provide access to analytical information under operando conditions or reveal dimensional information, such as elemental or species depth profiles of nanomaterials. The aim of this review is to demonstrate the absolute quantification capabilities of SI-traceable X-ray spectrometry based upon calibrated instrumentation and knowledge about X-ray interaction probabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burkhard Beckhoff
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestraße 2-12, 10587 Berlin, Germany
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Ma J, Zheng Z, Hoque MJ, Li L, Rabbi KF, Ho JY, Braun PV, Wang P, Miljkovic N. A Lipid-Inspired Highly Adhesive Interface for Durable Superhydrophobicity in Wet Environments and Stable Jumping Droplet Condensation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4251-4262. [PMID: 35275638 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c10250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Creating thin (<100 nm) hydrophobic coatings that are durable in wet conditions remains challenging. Although the dropwise condensation of steam on thin hydrophobic coatings can enhance condensation heat transfer by 1000%, these coatings easily delaminate. Designing interfaces with high adhesion while maintaining a nanoscale coating thickness is key to overcoming this challenge. In nature, cell membranes face this same challenge where nanometer-thick lipid bilayers achieve high adhesion in wet environments to maintain integrity. Nature ensures this adhesion by forming a lipid interface having two nonpolar surfaces, demonstrating high physicochemical resistance to biofluids attempting to open the interface. Here, developing an artificial lipid-like interface that utilizes fluorine-carbon molecular chains can achieve durable nanometric hydrophobic coatings. The application of our approach to create a superhydrophobic material shows high stability during jumping-droplet-enhanced condensation as quantified from a continual one-year steam condensation experiment. The jumping-droplet condensation enhanced condensation heat transfer coefficient up to 400% on tube samples when compared to filmwise condensation on bare copper. Our bioinspired materials design principle can be followed to develop many durable hydrophobic surfaces using alternate substrate-coating pairs, providing stable hydrophobicity or superhydrophobicity to a plethora of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Ma
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhuoyuan Zheng
- Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Muhammad Jahidul Hoque
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Longnan Li
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kazi Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jin Yao Ho
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Paul V Braun
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Pingfeng Wang
- Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Ghoshal T, Prochukhan N, Morris MA. Sub-25 nm Inorganic and Dielectric Nanopattern Arrays on Substrates: A Block Copolymer-Assisted Lithography. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:35738-35744. [PMID: 34984304 PMCID: PMC8717533 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A range of well-ordered inorganic (antimony, tin, and tungsten oxide) and dielectric (silica, alumina, and hafnia) nanoparticles and nanowire array patterns are created on substrates by a low-cost block copolymer (BCP) approach. A cylindrical-phase PS-b-PEO BCP is used as a template with hexagonally ordered perpendicular or parallel orientation of PEO cylinders. The solvent annealing parameters such as solvents, temperature, time, and so forth are optimized to achieve the desired patterns. An established BCP in situ inclusion protocol is utilized to achieve the material nanopatterns by spin coating the respective precursor ethanolic solution on the template followed by UV/ozone treatment for oxide conversion and polymer removal. Furthermore, the precursor solution concentrations and stirring times are calibrated to achieve isolated, well-ordered, and uniform-diameter and -thickness nanoparticles and nanowires. All of the material nanopatterns are mimicking the parent BCP nanopatterns. The phases of all of the nanopatterns are determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The inorganic and dielectric nanopattern arrays are patterned on a graphoepitaxial substrate for device application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tandra Ghoshal
- School of Chemistry, AMBER and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 AK60, Ireland
| | - Nadezda Prochukhan
- School of Chemistry, AMBER and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 AK60, Ireland
| | - Michael A. Morris
- School of Chemistry, AMBER and CRANN, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 AK60, Ireland
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Qiu M, Du W, Luo X, Zhu S, Luo Y, Zhao J. Vapor-Phase Molecular Doping in Covalent Organosiloxane Network Thin Films Via a Lewis Acid-Base Interaction for Enhanced Mechanical Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 14:22719-22727. [PMID: 34652900 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating inorganic components in organosiloxane polymer thin films for enhanced mechanical properties could enable better durability and longevity of functional coatings for a multitude of applications. However, molecularly dispersing the inorganic dopants while preserving the cyclosiloxane rings represents a challenge for cross-linked organosiloxane networks. Here, we report a molecular doping strategy using vapor-phase infiltration. On the basis of the proper Lewis acid-base interaction between diethyl zinc (DEZ) and cyclotrisiloxane rings, we achieved a complete infiltration of the organometallic precursors and well-distributed Zn-OH terminal groups formed in the initiated chemical vapor deposited poly(1,3,5-trimethyl-1,3,5-trivinylcyclotrisiloxane) (PV3D3) films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nanoscale infrared spectroscopy together with density functional theory simulation reveal that the formation of a Lewis acid-base adduct rather than a ring-opening process is possibly involved in anchoring DEZ in the cross-linked network of PV3D3. Because of the incorporation of Zn-OH components, the organic-inorganic hybrid films obtained via our vapor-phase molecular doping exhibit a 10.2% larger elastic modulus and 67.0% higher hardness than the pristine PV3D3. Unveiling the reaction mechanisms between organometallic precursors and cross-linked organic networks provides new insights for expanding the vapor-phase processing strategies for engineering hybrid materials at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weiwei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xinyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingwu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Geißler D, Nirmalananthan-Budau N, Scholtz L, Tavernaro I, Resch-Genger U. Analyzing the surface of functional nanomaterials-how to quantify the total and derivatizable number of functional groups and ligands. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:321. [PMID: 34482449 PMCID: PMC8418596 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Functional nanomaterials (NM) of different size, shape, chemical composition, and surface chemistry are of increasing relevance for many key technologies of the twenty-first century. This includes polymer and silica or silica-coated nanoparticles (NP) with covalently bound surface groups, semiconductor quantum dots (QD), metal and metal oxide NP, and lanthanide-based NP with coordinatively or electrostatically bound ligands, as well as surface-coated nanostructures like micellar encapsulated NP. The surface chemistry can significantly affect the physicochemical properties of NM, their charge, their processability and performance, as well as their impact on human health and the environment. Thus, analytical methods for the characterization of NM surface chemistry regarding chemical identification, quantification, and accessibility of functional groups (FG) and surface ligands bearing such FG are of increasing importance for quality control of NM synthesis up to nanosafety. Here, we provide an overview of analytical methods for FG analysis and quantification with special emphasis on bioanalytically relevant FG broadly utilized for the covalent attachment of biomolecules like proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides and address method- and material-related challenges and limitations. Analytical techniques reviewed include electrochemical titration methods, optical assays, nuclear magnetic resonance and vibrational spectroscopy, as well as X-ray based and thermal analysis methods, covering the last 5-10 years. Criteria for method classification and evaluation include the need for a signal-generating label, provision of either the total or derivatizable number of FG, need for expensive instrumentation, and suitability for process and production control during NM synthesis and functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geißler
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nithiya Nirmalananthan-Budau
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Scholtz
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabella Tavernaro
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Division Biophotonics (BAM-1.2), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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Jheng LC, Cheng CW, Ho KS, Hsu SLC, Hsu CY, Lin BY, Ho TH. Dimethylimidazolium-Functionalized Polybenzimidazole and Its Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Membranes for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2864. [PMID: 34502904 PMCID: PMC8456347 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A quaternized polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane was synthesized by grafting a dimethylimidazolium end-capped side chain onto PBI. The organic-inorganic hybrid membrane of the quaternized PBI was prepared via a silane-induced crosslinking process with triethoxysilylpropyl dimethylimidazolium chloride. The chemical structure and membrane morphology were characterized using NMR, FTIR, TGA, SEM, EDX, AFM, SAXS, and XPS techniques. Compared with the pristine membrane of dimethylimidazolium-functionalized PBI, its hybrid membrane exhibited a lower swelling ratio, higher mechanical strength, and better oxidative stability. However, the morphology of hydrophilic/hydrophobic phase separation, which facilitates the ion transport along hydrophilic channels, only successfully developed in the pristine membrane. As a result, the hydroxide conductivity of the pristine membrane (5.02 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 80 °C) was measured higher than that of the hybrid membrane (2.22 × 10-2 S cm-1 at 80 °C). The hydroxide conductivity and tensile results suggested that both membranes had good alkaline stability in 2M KOH solution at 80 °C. Furthermore, the maximum power densities of the pristine and hybrid membranes of dimethylimidazolium-functionalized PBI reached 241 mW cm-2 and 152 mW cm-2 at 60 °C, respectively. The fuel cell performance result demonstrates that these two membranes are promising as AEMs for fuel cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cheng Jheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Cheng-Wei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Ko-Shan Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Steve Lien-Chung Hsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Yen Hsu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Bi-Yun Lin
- Instrument Center of National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Han Ho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan; (L.-C.J.); (K.-S.H.); (C.-Y.H.)
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14
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Cionti C, Taroni T, Sabatini V, Meroni D. Nanostructured Oxide-Based Systems for the pH-Triggered Release of Cinnamaldehyde. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1536. [PMID: 33801042 PMCID: PMC8003980 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde is a natural product with antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties, poorly stable in environmental conditions. Systems for the controlled release of cinnamaldehyde are of great interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries. Here, a new oxide-based construct for the release of cinnamaldehyde catalyzed by acidic pH was obtained by a facile grafting method based on amino-silane linkers and imine chemistry. The grafting procedure led to a loading of ca. 5 molecules/nm2, determined on oxide powders with CHN and TGA measurements. The covalent grafting of cinnamaldehyde, demonstrated by FTIR analyses, preserved the molecule stability, simplifying storage. Release tests were performed at different pH values (between 5.0 and 7.4). Thanks to imine chemistry, a fast cinnamaldehyde (CIN) release was observed in a pH 5.0 environment. Using 1 mg/mL suspensions, CIN concentrations within the range adopted in the food industry were obtained (12.4 ppm). The grafting procedure was also performed on a porous film based on a photocatalytic oxide, demonstrating the versatility of this method, adaptable to both powders and macroscopic materials. By taking advantage of the photoactivity of the oxide, regeneration of the fouled film was achieved upon UV irradiation for 1 h, opening the door to reusable devices for the controlled release of cinnamaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Cionti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (T.T.); (V.S.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Taroni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (T.T.); (V.S.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina Sabatini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (T.T.); (V.S.)
| | - Daniela Meroni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.C.); (T.T.); (V.S.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, via Giusti 9, 50121 Florence, Italy
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15
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Probing Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes with Laboratory Near-Ambient Pressure XPS. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we present Near Ambient Pressure (NAP)-X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results from model and commercial liquid electrolytes for lithium-ion battery production using an automated laboratory NAP-XPS system. The electrolyte solutions were (i) LiPF6 in EC/DMC (LP30) as a typical commercial battery electrolyte and (ii) LiTFSI in PC as a model electrolyte. We analyzed the LP30 electrolyte solution, first in its vapor and liquid phase to compare individual core-level spectra. In a second step, we immersed a V2O5 crystal as a model cathode material in this LiPF6 solution. Additionally, the LiTFSI electrolyte model system was studied to compare and verify our findings with previous NAP-XPS data. Photoelectron spectra recorded at pressures of 2–10 mbar show significant chemical differences for the different lithium-based electrolytes. We show the enormous potential of laboratory NAP-XPS instruments for investigations of solid-liquid interfaces in electrochemical energy storage systems at elevated pressures and illustrate the simplicity and ease of the used experimental setup (EnviroESCA).
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16
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Yang Y, Han Y, Pang R, Ho WW. Amine-Containing Membranes with Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for CO 2/H 2 Separation. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110333. [PMID: 33182655 PMCID: PMC7698167 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Amine-containing mixed-matrix membranes incorporated with amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (AF-MWNTs) were synthesized for CO2/H2 separation based on the facilitated transport mechanism. AF-MWNTs were chosen primarily as the mechanical reinforcing filler to enhance the membrane stability. At 107 °C and 0.2-MPa feed pressure, the membrane incorporated with 10 wt.% AF-MWNTs showed a CO2 permeability of 3196 Barrers and a CO2/H2 selectivity of 205. At the higher feed pressure of 1.5 MPa, owing to the carrier saturation phenomenon, the same membrane exhibited reduced transport performance with a CO2 permeability of 776 Barrers and a CO2/H2 selectivity of 31. These separation performances at both the low and high feed pressures were well above the theoretical upper bound. Furthermore, the incorporation of 10 wt.% AF-MWNTs led to a significant improvement on membrane stability. The transport performance and selective layer thickness of this membrane maintained for 100 h, which suggested that the incorporation of AF-MWNTs improved the resistance to membrane compaction upon a high feed pressure. Therefore, this work is considered as one of the crucial steps to enable the application of facilitated transport membranes to high-pressure gas processing such as syngas purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1350, USA; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Yang Han
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1350, USA; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Ruizhi Pang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1350, USA; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (R.P.)
| | - W.S. Winston Ho
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210-1350, USA; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.); (R.P.)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Road, Columbus, OH 43210-1350, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-614-292-9970; Fax: +1-614-292-3769
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17
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Minhas RS, Antunez EE, Guinan TM, Gengenbach TR, Rudd DA, Voelcker NH. Fluorocarbon Plasma Gas Passivation Enhances Performance of Porous Silicon for Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3226-3236. [PMID: 32938190 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Desorption/ionization on porous silicon mass spectrometry (DIOS-MS) is shown to be a powerful technique for the sensing of low-molecular-weight compounds, including drugs and their metabolites. Surface modification of DIOS surfaces is required to increase analytical performance and ensure stability. However, common wet chemical modification techniques use fluorosilanes, which are less suitable for high-throughput manufacturing and analytical repeatability. Here, we report an alternative, rapid functionalization technique for DIOS surfaces using plasma polymerization (ppDIOS). We demonstrate the detection of drugs, metabolites, pesticides, and doping agents, directly from biological matrices, with molecular confirmation performed using the fragmentation capabilities of a tandem MS instrument. Furthermore, the ppDIOS surfaces were found to be stable over a 162 day period with no loss of reproducibility and sensitivity. This alternative functionalization technique is cost-effective and amenable to upscaling, ensuring avenues for the high-throughput manufacture and detection of hundreds of analytes across various applications while still maintaining the gold-standard clinical technique using mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpreet Singh Minhas
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - E. Eduardo Antunez
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Taryn M. Guinan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Leica Microsystems, Mount Waverley, Victoria 3149, Australia
| | - Thomas R. Gengenbach
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - David A. Rudd
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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18
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General and adaptive synthesis protocol for high-quality organosilane self-assembled monolayers as tunable surface chemistry platforms for biochemical applications. Biointerphases 2020; 15:041005. [PMID: 32698591 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The controlled modification of surface properties represents a pervasive requirement to be fulfilled when developing new technologies. In this paper, we propose an easy-to-implement protocol for the functionalization of glass with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The adaptivity of the synthesis route was demonstrated by the controlled anchoring of thiol, amino, glycidyloxy, and methacrylate groups onto the glass surface. The optimization of the synthetic pathway was mirrored by extremely smooth SAMs (approximately 150 pm roughness), layer thickness comparable to the theoretical molecule length, absence of silane islands along the surface, quasi-unitary degree of packing, and tailored wettability and charge. The functionalization kinetics of two model silanes, 3-mercapto- and 3-amino-propyltrimethoxysilane, was determined by cross-comparing x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry data. Our SAMs with tailored physicochemical attributes will be implemented as supports for the crystallization of pharmaceuticals and biomolecules in upcoming studies. Here, the application to a small molecule drug model, namely aspirin, was discussed as a proof of concept.
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19
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Dong JJ, Muszanska A, Xiang F, Falkenberg R, van de Belt-Gritter B, Loontjens T. Contact Killing of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria on PDMS Provided with Immobilized Hyperbranched Antibacterial Coatings. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14108-14116. [PMID: 31568724 PMCID: PMC6822135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe in detail the preparation and application of antibacterial coatings on PDMS (poly(dimethylsiloxane)) and the contact-killing properties with 10 bacterial strains. Our aim was to develop a generally applicable coating to prevent biomaterial acquired infections, which is the major mode of failure of biomedical implants. In the first step, the surface was provided with a hydrophobic hyperbranched coating resin that was covalently attached to PDMS, mediated by an appropriate coupling agent. The coupling agent contained a siloxane group that reacts covalently with the silanol groups of air-plasma-treated PDMS and a blocked isocyanate enabling covalent coupling with the amino groups of the hyperbranched coating resins. The coating resins were functionalized with a polyethylenimine and subsequently quaternized with bromohexane and iodomethane. The coatings were highly effective against Gram-positive bacteria (five strains) and sufficiently active against Gram-negative bacteria (five stains). The killing effect on the latter group was strongly enhanced by adding a permeabilizer (EDTA). The biocidal efficacy was not influenced by the presence of (saliva) proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jia Dong
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Muszanska
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fei Xiang
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Betsy van de Belt-Gritter
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Loontjens
- Department
of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
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20
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Guerra ED, Baakdah F, Gourgas O, Tam M, Stevenson MM, Georges E, Bohle DS, Cerruti M. Inorganic ions on hemozoin surface provide a glimpse into Plasmodium biology. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 200:110808. [PMID: 31487576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In malaria, Plasmodium parasites produce hemozoin (Hz) as a route to detoxify free heme released from the catabolism of hemoglobin. Hz isolated from the parasites is encapsulated in an organic layer constituted by parasite and host components. This organic coating may play a role in Hz formation and in the immunomodulatory properties attributed to Hz, and they may influence the mode of action of antimalarials that block Hz formation. In this work, we analyze the organic layer adhered to Hz, and find Na, Cl, Si, Ca and P present, in addition to organic material. Our results suggest that Na, Cl, and P adsorb during Hz release from the red blood cells, while Si and Ca derive from components present during Hz biomineralization within the digestive vacuole of the parasite. Overall, we show that inorganic elements associated with Hz surface provide insights into the biological functions of Plasmodium parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Danae Guerra
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Fadi Baakdah
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Ophélie Gourgas
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B2, Canada
| | - Mifong Tam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Mary M Stevenson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Elias Georges
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - D Scott Bohle
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B2, Canada.
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21
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Katiyar AK, Davidson AA, Jang H, Hwangbo Y, Han B, Lee S, Hagiwara Y, Shimada T, Hirakata H, Kitamura T, Ahn JH. Ultrasoft silicon nanomembranes: thickness-dependent effective elastic modulus. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:15184-15194. [PMID: 31380876 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03995c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
For decades, silicon (Si) has been widely used for the mass production of microelectronic circuits. Recently, as the thickness has been reduced to the nanometer scale, its application has expanded to various fields, including flexible and transparent 2D semiconductors. For the reliable and reproducible operation of such large flexible and transparent devices, obtaining precise information about the mechanical properties of low dimensional Si is crucial. Here, we demonstrate that a 2 nm-thick Si nanomembrane (NM) exhibits an extremely low Young's modulus of 3.25 GPa, a two-order smaller value than that of the bulk counterpart. Our systematic measurement of thickness-controlled Si NMs reveals the existence of significant size effect: The effective modulus rapidly changes from 180 GPa to 3.25 GPa under 25 nm to 2 nm thickness reduction. Our theoretical modeling successfully provides physical insight into the unique stiff-to-soft transition and extremely low modulus. We further demonstrate that the modulus of Si NMs can be tailored precisely via the control of surface morphology of membrane. This work therefore provides a comprehensive picture of how and why originally hard & stiff Si deforms so softly in the ultrathin 2D geometry, and proposes a new strategy to design the mechanical properties at nanoscale dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit K Katiyar
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Sun Y, Kunc F, Balhara V, Coleman B, Kodra O, Raza M, Chen M, Brinkmann A, Lopinski GP, Johnston LJ. Quantification of amine functional groups on silica nanoparticles: a multi-method approach. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:1598-1607. [PMID: 36132607 PMCID: PMC9417554 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00016j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface chemistry is an important factor for quality control during production of nanomaterials and for controlling their behavior in applications and when released into the environment. Here we report a comparison of four methods for quantifying amine functional groups on silica nanoparticles (NPs). Two colorimetric assays are examined, ninhydrin and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, which are convenient for routine analysis and report on reagent accessible amines. Results from the study of a range of commercial NPs with different sizes and surface loadings show that the assays account for 50-100% of the total amine content, as determined by dissolution of NPs under basic conditions and quantification by solution-state 1H NMR. To validate the surface quantification by the colorimetric assays, the NPs are modified with a trifluoromethylated benzaldehyde probe to enhance sensitivity for quantitative 19F solid state NMR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Good agreement between the assays and the determination from solid-state NMR is reinforced by elemental ratios from XPS, which indicate that in most cases the difference between total and accessible amine content reflects amines that are outside the depth probed by XPS. Overall the combined results serve to validate the relatively simple colorimetric assays and indicate that the reactions are efficient at quantifying surface amines, by contrast to some other covalent modifications that have been employed for functional group quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sun
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Filip Kunc
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Vinod Balhara
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Brian Coleman
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Oltion Kodra
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Mohammad Raza
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Maohui Chen
- National Research Council Canada Ottawa ON Canada K1A 0R6
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23
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Marlow JB, McCoy TM, Ho CQ, de Campo L, Knott R, Bell TDM, Tabor RF. Tuning the structure, thermal stability and rheological properties of liquid crystal phases via the addition of silica nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25649-25657. [PMID: 31723955 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04908h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of adding silica nanoparticles of varying size and surface chemistry to a liquid crystal system were analysed using small-angle scattering and polarising light microscopy, with varying temperature and applied shear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cat Q. Ho
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton 3800
- Australia
| | - Liliana de Campo
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
- Lucas Heights
- Australia
| | - Robert Knott
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
- Lucas Heights
- Australia
| | | | - Rico F. Tabor
- School of Chemistry
- Monash University
- Clayton 3800
- Australia
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24
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Yu J, Li S, Hou D, Jin Z, Liu Q. Hydrophobic silane coating films for the inhibition of water ingress into the nanometer pore of calcium silicate hydrate gels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19026-19038. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03266e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Water molecule capillary transport is inhibited via the nanometer channel of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) with the interior surface impregnated with silane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Yu
- Department of Civil Engineering
- Qingdao University of Technology
- Qingdao 266000
- China
| | - Shaochun Li
- Department of Civil Engineering
- Qingdao University of Technology
- Qingdao 266000
- China
| | - Dongshuai Hou
- Department of Civil Engineering
- Qingdao University of Technology
- Qingdao 266000
- China
| | - Zuquan Jin
- Department of Civil Engineering
- Qingdao University of Technology
- Qingdao 266000
- China
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25
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Wang W, Xie G, Luo J. Superlubricity of Black Phosphorus as Lubricant Additive. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43203-43210. [PMID: 30419751 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Superlubricity is defined as a sliding regime in which friction, or the resistance to sliding of two relatively moving surfaces, almost vanishes. From a practical point of view, the development and use of new materials that can enable superlubricity (coefficient of friction, COF < 0.01) in moving mechanical systems will have huge positive impact on energy-saving and emission reduction. In this work, the use of a new two-dimensional material, black phosphorus (BP) as a high-performance water-based lubricant additive that can significantly reduce friction and achieve superlubricity has been explored. A lowest COF value of 0.0006 ever measured by an application-orientated ball-on-plate tribometer has been found. Robust superlubricity in the aqueous solution with ultrafine BP nanosheets modified by NaOH (BP-OH) has been observed for a wide range of additive concentrations, contact pressures, and sliding velocities owing to the very low shear resistance of the water layer retained by BP-OH nanosheets. This finding has the potential of opening up a new approach to dramatically reduce or even eliminate friction by using BP nanomaterials as lubricant additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- School of Metallurgy Engineering , Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology , Xi'an 710055 , China
| | - Guoxin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Jianbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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26
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Kunc F, Balhara V, Brinkmann A, Sun Y, Leek DM, Johnston LJ. Quantification and Stability Determination of Surface Amine Groups on Silica Nanoparticles Using Solution NMR. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13322-13330. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Kunc
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Vinod Balhara
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Andreas Brinkmann
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Ying Sun
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Donald M. Leek
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Linda J. Johnston
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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Meroni D, Lo Presti L, Di Liberto G, Ceotto M, Acres RG, Prince KC, Bellani R, Soliveri G, Ardizzone S. A Close Look at the Structure of the TiO 2-APTES Interface in Hybrid Nanomaterials and Its Degradation Pathway: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:430-440. [PMID: 28191270 PMCID: PMC5295244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b10720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The surface functionalization of TiO2-based materials with alkylsilanes is attractive in several cutting-edge applications, such as photovoltaics, sensors, and nanocarriers for the controlled release of bioactive molecules. (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) is able to self-assemble to form monolayers on TiO2 surfaces, but its adsorption geometry and solar-induced photodegradation pathways are not well understood. We here employ advanced experimental (XPS, NEXAFS, AFM, HR-TEM, and FT-IR) and theoretical (plane-wave DFT) tools to investigate the preferential interaction mode of APTES on anatase TiO2. We demonstrate that monomeric APTES chemisorption should proceed through covalent Si-O-Ti bonds. Although dimerization of the silane through Si-O-Si bonds is possible, further polymerization on the surface is scarcely probable. Terminal amino groups are expected to be partially involved in strong charge-assisted hydrogen bonds with surface hydroxyl groups of TiO2, resulting in a reduced propensity to react with other species. Solar-induced mineralization proceeds through preferential cleavage of the alkyl groups, leading to the rapid loss of the terminal NH2 moieties, whereas the Si-bearing head of APTES undergoes slower oxidation and remains bound to the surface. The suitability of employing the silane as a linker with other chemical species is discussed in the context of controlled degradation of APTES monolayers for drug release and surface patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Meroni
- Department
of Chemistry, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Consorzio INSTM, Via
Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Leonardo Lo Presti
- Department
of Chemistry, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Materials
Crystallography, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- E-mail:
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Department
of Chemistry, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Ceotto
- Department
of Chemistry, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Consorzio INSTM, Via
Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Robert G. Acres
- Imaging
and Medical
Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3168
| | - Kevin C. Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone
Trieste, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Molecular
Model Discovery Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne 3122, Australia
- Istituto Officina
dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 34149 Basovizza, Italy
| | - Roberto Bellani
- Department
of Chemistry, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Soliveri
- Department
of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique Montréal, H3T 1J4 Montreal, Canada
| | - Silvia Ardizzone
- Department
of Chemistry, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via Golgi
19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Consorzio INSTM, Via
Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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28
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XPS depth profiling of an ultrathin bioorganic film with an argon gas cluster ion beam. Biointerphases 2016; 11:029603. [DOI: 10.1116/1.4948341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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