1
|
Itoh T, Procházka M, Dong ZC, Ji W, Yamamoto YS, Zhang Y, Ozaki Y. Toward a New Era of SERS and TERS at the Nanometer Scale: From Fundamentals to Innovative Applications. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1552-1634. [PMID: 36745738 PMCID: PMC9952515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) have opened a variety of exciting research fields. However, although a vast number of applications have been proposed since the two techniques were first reported, none has been applied to real practical use. This calls for an update in the recent fundamental and application studies of SERS and TERS. Thus, the goals and scope of this review are to report new directions and perspectives of SERS and TERS, mainly from the viewpoint of combining their mechanism and application studies. Regarding the recent progress in SERS and TERS, this review discusses four main topics: (1) nanometer to subnanometer plasmonic hotspots for SERS; (2) Ångström resolved TERS; (3) chemical mechanisms, i.e., charge-transfer mechanism of SERS and semiconductor-enhanced Raman scattering; and (4) the creation of a strong bridge between the mechanism studies and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamitake Itoh
- Health
and Medical Research Institute, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, 761-0395Kagawa, Japan
| | - Marek Procházka
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zhen-Chao Dong
- Hefei
National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technique of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Wei Ji
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin145040, China
| | - Yuko S. Yamamoto
- School
of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (JAIST), Nomi, 923-1292Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hefei
National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technique of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of
Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei
Gakuin University, 2-1,
Gakuen, Sanda, 669-1330Hyogo, Japan
- Toyota
Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute, 480-1192Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The effects of sun exposure on colorant identification of permanently and semi-permanently dyed hair. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2168. [PMID: 36750621 PMCID: PMC9905578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29221-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
During bloating and active decay, human remains begin to deform and warp their physical identity. After the skin and muscles loosen and detach from their skeletal structuration, everything but bones, teeth, and hair will fully disintegrate into the soil that surrounds the body. Nearly half of people in the world dye their hair with a variety of permanent and semi-permanent colorants. Expanding upon this, we hypothesized that confirmatory analysis of hair colorants can be used to facilitate and advance forensic analysis of human remains. A growing body of evidence suggests that hair colorants can be identified directly on hair using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In this study, we investigate the extent to which SERS can be used to detect black and blue permanent and semi-permanent dyes on hair exposed to sunlight. Our results showed that although substantial photodegradation of all dyes was observed by week 7, SERS enabled highly accurate detection and identification of hair colorants during all 10 weeks of hair exposure to the sunlight with on average 99.2% accuracy. We also found that SERS could be used to predict fading rates of hair colorants. This information can shed light on the exposure of human remains to the exterior environment.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang C, Min C, Li L, Zhang Y, Wei S, Wang X, Yuan X. Effect of the focused gap-plasmon mode on tip-enhanced Raman excitation and scattering. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:4216-4228. [PMID: 36785395 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a powerful molecular detection approach, tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) spectroscopy has the advantages of nanoscale spatial resolution, label-free detection and high enhancement factor, therefore has been widely used in fields of chemistry, materials and life sciences. A TERS system enhanced by the focused gap-plasmon mode composed of Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP) focus and the metal probe has been reported, however, its underlying enhancement mechanism for Raman excitation and scattering remains to be deeply explored. Here, we focus on the different performances of optical focus and SPP focus in the TERS system, and verify that the cooperation of these two focuses can produce maximum enhancement in a local electromagnetic field. Further, the Purcell effect on sample scattering in such a system is studied for the enhancement of Raman scattering collection in the far field. Finally, the local field enhancement and the sample far-field scattering enhancement are combined to show a full view of the whole process of TERS enhancement. This research can be applied to optimize the excitation and collection of Raman signals in TERS systems, which is of great value for the research and development of TERS technology.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shoup D, Scarpitti BT, Schultz ZD. A Wide-Field Imaging Approach for Simultaneous Super-Resolution Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Bioimaging and Spectroscopy. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:332-341. [PMID: 35996539 PMCID: PMC9389649 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
High spatial resolution imaging and chemical-specific detection in living organisms is important in a wide range of fields from medicine to catalysis. In this work, we characterize a wide-field surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging approach capable of simultaneously capturing images and SERS spectra from nanoparticle SERS tags in cancer cells. By passing the image through a transmission diffraction grating before it reaches an array detector, we record the image and wavelength dispersed signal simultaneously on the camera sensor. Optimization of the experiment provides an approach with better spectral resolution and more rapid acquisition than liquid crystal tunable filters commonly used for wide-field SERS imaging. Intensity fluctuations inherent to SERS enabled localization algorithms to be applied to both the spatial and spectral domain, providing super-resolution SERS images that are correlated with improved peak positions identified in the spectrum of the SERS tag. The detected Raman signal is shown to be sensitive to the focal plane, providing three-dimensional (3D) sectioning abilities for the detected nanoparticles. Our work demonstrates spectrally resolved super-resolution SERS imaging that has the potential to be applied to complex physical and biological imaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deben
N. Shoup
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brian T. Scarpitti
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Comprehensive
Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Schultz ZD, Shoup DN, Smith AE. Super-Resolution SERS Spectral Bioimaging. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2022; 12203:1220304. [PMID: 37431396 PMCID: PMC10329846 DOI: 10.1117/12.2632824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology enable the detection of trace molecules from the enhanced Raman signal generated at the surface of plasmonic nanoparticles. We have developed technology to enable super-resolution imaging of plasmonic nanoparticles, where the fluctuations in the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal can be analyzed with localization microscopy techniques to provide nanometer spatial resolution of the emitting molecule's location. Additional work now enables the super-resolved SERS image and the corresponding spectrum to be acquired simultaneously. Here we will discuss how this approach can be applied to provide new insights into biological cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA 43210-1173
| | - Deben N. Shoup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA 43210-1173
| | - Abigail E. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18 Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA 43210-1173
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bonhommeau S, Cooney GS, Huang Y. Nanoscale chemical characterization of biomolecules using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2416-2430. [PMID: 35275147 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale chemical and structural characterization of single biomolecules and assemblies is of paramount importance for applications in biology and medicine. It aims to describe the molecular structure of biomolecules and their interaction with unprecedented spatial resolution to better comprehend underlying molecular mechanisms of biological processes involved in cell activity and diseases. Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) spectroscopy appears particularly appealing to reach these objectives. This state-of-the-art TERS technique is as versatile as it is ultrasensitive. To perform a successful TERS experiment, special care and a thorough methodology for the preparation of the TERS system, the TERS probe tip, and sample are needed. Intense efforts have been deployed to characterize nucleic acids, proteins and peptides, lipid membranes, and more complex systems such as cells and viruses using TERS. Although the vast majority of studies have first been performed in dry conditions, they have allowed for several scientific breakthroughs. These include DNA and RNA sequencing, and the determination of relationships between protein structure and biological function by the use of increasingly exploitative chemometric tools for spectral data analysis. The nanoscale determination of the secondary structure of amyloid fibrils, protofibrils and oligomers implicated in neurodegenerative diseases could, for instance, be connected with the toxicity of these species, amyloid formation pathways, and their interaction with phospholipids. Single particles of different viral strains could be distinguished from one another by comparison of their protein and lipid contents. In addition, TERS has allowed for the evermore accurate description of the molecular organization of lipid membranes. Very recent advances also demonstrated the possibility to carry out TERS in aqueous medium, which opens thrilling perspectives for the TERS technique in biological, biomedical, and potential clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary S Cooney
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fleitas-Salazar N, Pedroso-Santana S, Silva-Campa E, Angulo-Molina A, Toledo JR, Riera R, Pedroza-Montero M. Raman spectroscopy and silver nanoparticles for efficient detection of membrane proteins in living cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:495101. [PMID: 34450614 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac21ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular fingerprints revealed by Raman techniques show great potential for biomedical applications, like disease diagnostic through Raman detection of tumor markers and other molecules in the cell membrane. However, SERS substrates used in membrane molecule studies produce enhanced Raman spectra of high variability and challenging band assignments that limit their application. In this work, these drawbacks are addressed to detect membrane-associated hemoglobin (Hbm) in human erythrocytes through Raman spectroscopy. These cells are incubated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in PBS before Raman measurements. Our results showed that AgNPs form large aggregates in PBS that adhered to the erythrocyte membrane, which enhances Raman scattering by molecules around the membrane, like Hbm. Also, deoxyHb markers may allow Hbmdetection in Raman spectra of oxygenated erythrocytes (oxyRBCs). Raman spectra of oxyRBCs incubated with AgNPs showed enhanced deoxyHb signals with good spectral reproducibility, supporting the Hbmdetection through deoxyHb markers. Instead, Raman spectra of oxyRBCs showed oxyHb bands associated with free cytoplasmic hemoglobin. Other factors influencing Raman detection of membrane proteins are discussed, like bothz-position and dimension of the sample volume. The results encourage membrane protein studies in living cells using Raman spectroscopy, leading to the characterization and diagnostic of different pathologies through a non-invasive technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noralvis Fleitas-Salazar
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Seidy Pedroso-Santana
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Erika Silva-Campa
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Aracely Angulo-Molina
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Jorge R Toledo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Raul Riera
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| | - Martin Pedroza-Montero
- Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramya AN, Arya JS, Madhukrishnan M, Shamjith S, Vidyalekshmi MS, Maiti KK. Raman Imaging: An Impending Approach Towards Cancer Diagnosis. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:409-422. [PMID: 33443291 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In accordance with the recent studies, Raman spectroscopy is well experimented as a highly sensitive analytical and imaging technique in biomedical research, mainly for various disease diagnosis including cancer. In comparison with other imaging modalities, Raman spectroscopy facilitate numerous assistances owing to its low background signal, immense spatial resolution, high chemical specificity, multiplexing capability, excellent photo stability and non-invasive detection capability. In cancer diagnosis Raman imaging intervened as a promising investigative tool to provide molecular level information to differentiate the cancerous vs non-cancerous cells, tissues and even in body fluids. Anciently, spontaneous Raman scattering is very feeble due to its low signal intensity and long acquisition time but new advanced techniques like coherent Raman scattering (CRS) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) gradually superseded these issues. So, the present review focuses on the recent developments and applications of Raman spectroscopy-based imaging techniques for cancer diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adukkadan N Ramya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Jayadev S Arya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Murali Madhukrishnan
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shanmughan Shamjith
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Murukan S Vidyalekshmi
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kaustabh K Maiti
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division (CSTD), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lukowski JK, Pamreddy A, Velickovic D, Zhang G, Pasa-Tolic L, Alexandrov T, Sharma K, Anderton CR. Storage Conditions of Human Kidney Tissue Sections Affect Spatial Lipidomics Analysis Reproducibility. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2538-2546. [PMID: 32897710 PMCID: PMC8162764 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids often are labile, unstable, and tend to degrade overtime, so it is of the upmost importance to study these molecules in their most native state. We sought to understand the optimal storage conditions for spatial lipidomic analysis of human kidney tissue sections. Specifically, we evaluated human kidney tissue sections on several different days throughout the span of a week using our established protocol for elucidating lipids using high mass resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). We studied kidney tissue sections stored under five different conditions: open stored at -80 °C, vacuumed sealed and stored at -80 °C, with matrix preapplied before storage at -80 °C, under a nitrogen atmosphere and stored at -80 °C, and at room temperature in a desiccator. Results were compared to data obtained from kidney tissue sections that were prepared and analyzed immediately after cryosectioning. Data was processed using METASPACE. After a week of storage, the sections stored at room temperature showed the largest amount of lipid degradation, while sections stored under nitrogen and at -80 °C retained the greatest number of overlapping annotations in relation to freshly cut tissue. Overall, we found that molecular degradation of the tissue sections was unavoidable over time, regardless of storage conditions, but storing tissue sections in an inert gas at low temperatures can curtail molecular degradation within tissue sections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Lukowski
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99352, United States
| | - Annapurna Pamreddy
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas 78284, United States
| | - Dusan Velickovic
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99352, United States
| | - Guanshi Zhang
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas 78284, United States
- Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78284, United States
| | - Ljiljana Pasa-Tolic
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99352, United States
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas 78284, United States
- Audie L. Murphy Memorial VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78284, United States
| | - Christopher R Anderton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99352, United States
- Center for Renal Precision Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas 78284, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Albuquerque CDL, Schultz ZD. Super-resolution Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Imaging of Single Particles in Cells. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9389-9398. [PMID: 32484329 PMCID: PMC7364441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability to locate and identify molecular interactions in cells has significant importance for understanding protein function and molecular biology. Functionalized metallic nanoparticles have been used as probes for protein tracking and drug delivery because of their ability to carry therapeutic agents and readily functionalized surfaces. In this work, we present a super-resolution surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) approach for imaging and tracking membrane receptors interacting with peptide-functionalized gold nanostars (AuNS). The αvβ3 integrin receptors in colon cancer cells are successfully targeted and imaged using AuNS with the high-affinity amino acid sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-phenylalanine-cysteine (RGDFC) attached. The RGDFC peptide interaction with the integrin receptor provides a bright and fluctuating SERS signal that can be analyzed with localization microscopy algorithms. Additionally, the observed SERS spectrum is used to confirm protein-peptide interaction. Experiments with functionalized and bare AuNS illustrate specific and nonspecific binding events. Specific binding is monitored with a localization precision of ∼6 nm. The observed spatial resolution is associated with tight binding, which was confirmed by the slower diffusion coefficient measured from 4.4 × 10-11 cm2/s for the AuNS-RGDFC compared to 7.8 × 10-10 cm2/s for the bare AuNS. Super-resolution SERS images at different focal planes show evidence of internalized particles and suggest insights into protein orientation on the surface of cells. Our work demonstrates super-resolution SERS imaging to probe membrane receptor interactions in cells, providing chemical information and spatial resolution with potential for diverse applications in life science and biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurouski D, Dazzi A, Zenobi R, Centrone A. Infrared and Raman chemical imaging and spectroscopy at the nanoscale. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:3315-3347. [PMID: 32424384 PMCID: PMC7675782 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00916c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The advent of nanotechnology, and the need to understand the chemical composition at the nanoscale, has stimulated the convergence of IR and Raman spectroscopy with scanning probe methods, resulting in new nanospectroscopy paradigms. Here we review two such methods, namely photothermal induced resonance (PTIR), also known as AFM-IR and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). AFM-IR and TERS fundamentals will be reviewed in detail together with their recent crucial advances. The most recent applications, now spanning across materials science, nanotechnology, biology, medicine, geology, optics, catalysis, art conservation and other fields are also discussed. Even though AFM-IR and TERS have developed independently and have initially targeted different applications, rapid innovation in the last 5 years has pushed the performance of these, in principle spectroscopically complimentary, techniques well beyond initial expectations, thus opening new opportunities for their convergence. Therefore, subtle differences and complementarity will be highlighted together with emerging trends and opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Kurouski
- Department Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shibata T, Furukawa H, Ito Y, Nagahama M, Hayashi T, Ishii-Teshima M, Nagai M. Photocatalytic Nanofabrication and Intracellular Raman Imaging of Living Cells with Functionalized AFM Probes. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E495. [PMID: 32414191 PMCID: PMC7281467 DOI: 10.3390/mi11050495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an effective platform for in vitro manipulation and analysis of living cells in medical and biological sciences. To introduce additional new features and functionalities into a conventional AFM system, we investigated the photocatalytic nanofabrication and intracellular Raman imaging of living cells by employing functionalized AFM probes. Herein, we investigated the effect of indentation speed on the cell membrane perforation of living HeLa cells based on highly localized photochemical oxidation with a catalytic titanium dioxide (TiO2)-functionalized AFM probe. On the basis of force-distance curves obtained during the indentation process, the probability of cell membrane perforation, penetration force, and cell viability was determined quantitatively. Moreover, we explored the possibility of intracellular tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) imaging of molecular dynamics in living cells via an AFM probe functionalized with silver nanoparticles in a homemade Raman system integrated with an inverted microscope. We successfully demonstrated that the intracellular TERS imaging has the potential to visualize distinctly different features in Raman spectra between the nucleus and the cytoplasm of a single living cell and to analyze the dynamic behavior of biomolecules inside a living cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Shibata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (H.F.); (Y.I.); (M.N.); (M.I.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Hiromi Furukawa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (H.F.); (Y.I.); (M.N.); (M.I.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Yasuharu Ito
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (H.F.); (Y.I.); (M.N.); (M.I.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Masahiro Nagahama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (H.F.); (Y.I.); (M.N.); (M.I.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Terutake Hayashi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;
| | - Miho Ishii-Teshima
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (H.F.); (Y.I.); (M.N.); (M.I.-T.); (M.N.)
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan; (H.F.); (Y.I.); (M.N.); (M.I.-T.); (M.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Roman M, Wrobel TP, Paluszkiewicz C, Kwiatek WM. Comparison between high definition FT-IR, Raman and AFM-IR for subcellular chemical imaging of cholesteryl esters in prostate cancer cells. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201960094. [PMID: 31999078 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201960094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The family of vibrational spectroscopic imaging techniques grows every few years and there is a need to compare and contrast new modalities with the better understood ones, especially in the case of demanding biological samples. Three vibrational spectroscopy techniques (high definition Fourier-transform infrared [FT-IR], Raman and atomic force microscopy infrared [AFM-IR]) were applied for subcellular chemical imaging of cholesteryl esters in PC-3 prostate cancer cells. The techniques were compared and contrasted in terms of image quality, spectral pattern and chemical information. All tested techniques were found to be useful in chemical imaging of cholesterol derivatives in cancer cells. The results obtained from FT-IR and Raman imaging showed to be comparable, whereas those achieved from AFM-IR study exhibited higher spectral heterogeneity. It confirms AFM-IR method as a powerful tool in local chemical imaging of cells at the nanoscale level. Furthermore, due to polarization effect, p-polarized AFM-IR spectra showed strong enhancement of lipid bands when compared to FT-IR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Roman
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz P Wrobel
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Czeslawa Paluszkiewicz
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech M Kwiatek
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sloan-Dennison S, Bevins MR, Scarpitti BT, Sauvé VK, Schultz ZD. Protein corona-resistant SERS tags for live cell detection of integrin receptors. Analyst 2019; 144:5538-5546. [PMID: 31402356 PMCID: PMC6733675 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01056d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical signals are conveyed to cells through ligand-receptor binding, triggering cascades of biochemical reactions and resulting in pivotal cellular functions. These binding events are important in understanding membrane signaling and drug interactions. To probe ligand-receptor binding, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags are a promising tool. SERS tags are plasmonic nanostructures functionalized with a protective coating, a Raman reporter molecule, and a biorecognition element. In biological fluids, native proteins have affinity for bare nanoparticles and form a protein corona. SERS tags have a protective shell which eliminates this complication. It is important to analyze ligand-receptor binding with SERS tags in live cells since cell fixatives alter protein structure, leading to spectral changes and data misinterpretation. In this study, we synthesized a novel SERS tag by creating a mixed monolayer of the small cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-phenylalanine-cysteine (RGDFC) peptide and 4-mercaptobenzonitrile (MBN) on the surface of spherical gold nanoparticles (Au NP). Au-RGDFC-MBN NP showed resistance to PC formation and were successfully detected in both fixed and living human metastatic colon cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sian Sloan-Dennison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tabatabaei M, Caetano FA, Pashee F, Ferguson SSG, Lagugné-Labarthet F. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of amyloid β at neuronal spines. Analyst 2018; 142:4415-4421. [PMID: 29090690 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00744b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The early stages of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis are thought to occur at the synapse level, since synapse loss can be directly correlated with memory dysfunction. Considerable evidence has suggested that amyloid beta (Aβ), a secreted proteolytic derivative of amyloid precursor protein, appears to be a critical factor in the early 'synaptic failure' that is observed in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. The identification of Aβ at neuronal spines with high spatial resolution and high surface specificity would facilitate unraveling the intricate effect of Aβ on synapse loss and its effect on neighboring neuronal connections. Here, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy was used to map the presence of Aβ aggregations in the vicinity of the spines exposed to Aβ preformed in vitro. Exposure to Aβ was of 1 and 6 hours. The intensity variation of selected vibrational modes of Aβ was mapped by TERS for different exposure times to Aβ. Of interest, we discuss the distinct contributions of the amide modes from Aβ that are enhanced by the TERS process and in particular the suppression of the amide I mode in the context of recently reported observations in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Tabatabaei
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5B7.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin D, Lin YC, Yang SW, Zhou L, Leong WK, Feng SY, Kong KV. Organometallic-Constructed Tip-Based Dual Chemical Sensing by Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Diabetes Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41902-41908. [PMID: 30387600 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is capable of probing specific molecular information with high sensitivity, but dual chemical sensing remains a challenge. Another major hindrance to TERS chemical detection in biosamples such as blood is the interference from the strong absorptions of biomolecules. Herein, we report the preparation of an organometallic-conjugated TERS tip. We demonstrate that organometallic chemistry can be perfectly coupled with TERS for dual-molecule sensing. The unique Raman signals generated by the organometallic compound circumvent signal interference from the biomolecules in blood, allowing the rapid analysis of two important molecules (glucose and thiol) in ultralow volume (50 nL) samples. This enabled a correlation between the thiol and glucose levels in the blood of nondiabetic and diabetic patients to be drawn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology , Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou 350007 , China
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine , Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Fuzhou 350122 , China
| | - Yi-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Shang-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai East Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200000 , China
| | - Weng Kee Leong
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry , Nanyang Technological University , 639798 , Singapore
| | - Shang-Yuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology , Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou 350007 , China
| | - Kien Voon Kong
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sloan-Dennison S, Schultz ZD. Label-free plasmonic nanostar probes to illuminate in vitro membrane receptor recognition. Chem Sci 2018; 10:1807-1815. [PMID: 30842849 PMCID: PMC6369441 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05035j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide functionalized plasmonic nanostars evince Raman signals from targeted receptors in cells and modulate protein corona formation, improving targeting.
Protein–ligand recognition is a key activity where chemical signals are communicated to cells to activate various biochemical pathways, which are important for understanding membrane signaling and drug interactions. Gold nanostars are highly attractive for biological applications due to their readily modified surface chemistry, facile synthesis and optical properties. The increase in electromagnetic field at their branches increases the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) making them ideal candidates as label free in vitro probes that can be used to detect a variety of cellular activities. However, the use of particles in vitro is complicated by the adsorption of proteins, which forms the protein corona. In this paper we demonstrate gold nanostars as label free in vitro probes to study the interaction between αvβ3 integrin and RGD. Nanostars functionalized with cyclic-RDGFC reduced the formation of the protein corona, due to its zwitterionic nature, indicating a small peptide approach to minimizing protein absorption. Additionally, the functionalized nanostars evince a SERS response from their interaction with αvβ3 integrin representative of the amino acids present at the binding site which is also retained in a complex biological matrix. The nanostars were used in vitro to selectively detect αvβ3 integrin on the membrane of human metastatic colon cancer cells. By exploiting the intense SERS and tunable plasmon resonance properties of gold nanostars functionalized with cyclic RGDFC, we have demonstrated a label free approach to investigate the chemical interactions associated with protein–ligand binding from both purified proteins and membrane bound receptors in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sian Sloan-Dennison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , OH 43210 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xiao L, Sloan-Dennison S, Schultz ZD. Probing Membrane Receptors with Enhanced Raman Imaging. PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE--THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2018; 10726. [PMID: 30270964 DOI: 10.1117/12.2321300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our lab has shown that nanoparticles functionalized with short peptides can selectively bind to receptor proteins in vitro. Our results indicate that the Raman signals observed from purified receptors in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) experiments match those observed with tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) experiments performed on membrane receptors in intact cell membranes. Analysis of the observed Raman signals suggest the signals arise from the amino-acids in the protein receptor responsible for binding and recognition of the ligand attached to the nanoparticle probe. Further experiments show the variance in the data correlates with affinity of the nanoparticle probe with a specific receptor. This result illustrates a new approach to studying membrane receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH USA 43210
| | - Sian Sloan-Dennison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH USA 43210
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH USA 43210
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Affiliation(s)
- Lifu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xiao L, Parchur AK, Gilbertson TA, Zhou A. SERS-fluorescence bimodal nanoprobes for in vitro imaging of fatty acid responsive receptor GPR120. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2017; 10:22-29. [PMID: 29449902 PMCID: PMC5808993 DOI: 10.1039/c7ay02039b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120), as a member of the rhodopsin family of G-protein-coupled receptors, has been shown to function as a sensor for dietary fat in the gustatory and digestive systems. Its specific role in the chemoreception of fatty acids, which is thought to be crucial in understanding the mechanism surrounding the control of fat intake and, accordingly, in the treatment of obesity, remains unclear. Here we report a novel surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-fluorescence bimodal microscopic technique for detection and imaging of GPR120 in single living cells. CaMoO4:Eu3+@AuNR hybrid nanoparticles are synthesized and characterized as imaging probes. Biocompatibility and imaging capability of the probes are investigated using a model HEK293 cell line with an inducible GPR120 gene transfection. Cellular distribution of GPR120 is visualized by single-cell SERS and fluorescence imaging. A dose-dependent GPR120 response to linoleic acid treatment is revealed by SERS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifu Xiao
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, U.S.A
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556, USA
| | - Abdul K. Parchur
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, U.S.A
| | | | - Anhong Zhou
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|