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Zhao Y, Sun Y, Xie X, Liang Y, Cavalcanti-Adam EA, Feng W. Compact Micropatterned Chip Empowers Undisturbed and Programmable Drug Addition in High-Throughput Cell Screening. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306814. [PMID: 37793694 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneously adding multiple drugs and other chemical reagents to individual droplets at specific time points presents a significant challenge, particularly when dealing with tiny droplets in high-throughput screening applications. In this study, a micropatterned polymer chip is developed as a miniaturized platform for light-induced programmable drug addition in cell-based screening. This chip incorporates a porous superhydrophobic polymer film with atom transfer radical polymerization reactivity, facilitating the efficient grafting of azobenzene methacrylate, a photoconformationally changeable group, onto the hydrophilic regions of polymer matrix at targeted locations and with precise densities. By employing light irradiation, the cyclodextrin-azobenzene host-guest complexes formed on the polymer chip can switch from an "associated" to a "dissociated" state, granting precise photochemical control over the supramolecular coding system and its surface patterning ability. Significantly, the exceptional spatial and temporal control offered by these chemical transitions empowers to utilize digital light processing systems for simultaneous regulation and release of cyclodextrin-bearing drugs across numerous droplets containing suspended or adhered cells. This approach minimizes mechanical disruption while achieving precise control over the timing of addition, dosage, and integration varieties of released drugs in high-throughput screening, all programmable to meet specific requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyi Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yingxue Sun
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xinjian Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yujia Liang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | | | - Wenqian Feng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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2
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Wang Z, Yu SX, Shao X, Liu YJ, Wang J, Xie W, Zhao Z, Li X. Droplet-Based Preparation of ZnO-nanostructure Array for Microfluidic Fluorescence Biodetection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5401-5411. [PMID: 38271201 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructure-enhanced biodetection is widely used for early diagnosis and treatment, which plays an essential role in improving the cure rates of cancer patients. ZnO nanostructure-based fluorescence immunoassay has been demonstrated to enable effective and sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers for their excellent biocompatibility, high electrical point, and unique fluorescence enhancement properties. Further optimization of such fluorescence detection technology is still in demand to meet the requirements of highly sensitive, multiplex detection, and user-friendly devices. Droplet microfluidics is a promising platform for high-throughput analysis of biological assays, and they have been intensively used in analytical chemistry and synthesis of nanoparticles. Here, we propose a simple droplet chip, where a static droplet array was successfully obtained for in situ growth of ZnO nanostructures with varied diameters by changing the entire growth time and replenishment interval. This device provides a novel and alternative approach for patterned growth of ZnO nanostructures and understanding the growth condition of ZnO nanostructures in static droplet, which offers some guidance toward the design of multiple fluorescence amplification platforms potentially for biosensing. As a demonstration, we used the patterned grown ZnO nanostructures for multiple detection of cancer biomarkers, achieving a low limit of detection as low as 138 fg/mL in the human α-fetoprotein assay and 218 fg/mL in the carcinoembryonic antigen assay with a large dynamic range of 8 orders. These results suggest that such multifunctional microfluidic devices may be useful tools for efficient fluorescence diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Sai-Xi Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuan Shao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- National Trusted Embedded Software Engineering Technology Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Wenhui Xie
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhenjie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xin Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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3
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Wu J, Fang D, Zhou Y, Gao G, Zeng J, Zeng Y, Zheng H. Multifunctional droplet handling on surface-charge-graphic-decorated porous papers. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:594-603. [PMID: 38175166 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00806a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Developing a fluidic platform that combines high-throughput with reconfigurability is essential for a wide range of cutting-edge applications, but achieving both capabilities simultaneously remains a significant challenge. Herein, we propose a novel and unique method for droplet manipulation via drawing surface charge graphics on electrode-free papers in a contactless way. We find that opposite charge graphics can be written and retained on the surface layer of porous insulating paper by a controlled charge depositing method. The retained charge graphics result in high-resolution patterning of electrostatic potential wells (EPWs) on the hydrophobic porous surface, allowing for digital and high-throughput droplet handling. Since the charge graphics can be written/projected dynamically and simultaneously in large areas, allowing for on-demand and real-time reconfiguration of EPWs, we are able to develop a charge-graphic fluidic platform with both high reconfigurability and high throughput. The advantages and application potential of the platform have been demonstrated in chemical detection and dynamically controllable fluidic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Wu
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Duokui Fang
- Key Laboratory of Transients in Hydraulic Machinery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Transients in Hydraulic Machinery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Key Laboratory of Transients in Hydraulic Machinery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ji Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Transients in Hydraulic Machinery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yubin Zeng
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Huai Zheng
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
- Key Laboratory of Transients in Hydraulic Machinery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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4
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Zhang D, Qiao L. Microfluidics Coupled Mass Spectrometry for Single Cell Multi-Omics. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301179. [PMID: 37840412 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Population-level analysis masks significant heterogeneity between individual cells, making it difficult to accurately reflect the true intricacies of life activities. Microfluidics is a technique that can manipulate individual cells effectively and is commonly coupled with a variety of analytical methods for single-cell analysis. Single-cell omics provides abundant molecular information at the single-cell level, fundamentally revealing differences in cell types and biological states among cell individuals, leading to a deeper understanding of cellular phenotypes and life activities. Herein, this work summarizes the microfluidic chips designed for single-cell isolation, manipulation, trapping, screening, and sorting, including droplet microfluidic chips, microwell arrays, hydrodynamic microfluidic chips, and microchips with microvalves. This work further reviews the studies on single-cell proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and multi-omics based on microfluidics and mass spectrometry. Finally, the challenges and future application of single-cell multi-omics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, and Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20000, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, and Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 20000, China
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Feng H, Shen S, Jin M, Zhang Q, Liu M, Wu Z, Chen J, Yi Z, Zhou G, Shui L. Microwell Confined Electro-Coalescence for Rapid Formation of High-Throughput Droplet Array. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302998. [PMID: 37449335 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Droplet array is widely applied in single cell analysis, drug screening, protein crystallization, etc. This work proposes and validates a method for rapid formation of uniform droplet array based on microwell confined droplets electro-coalescence of screen-printed emulsion droplets, namely electro-coalescence droplet array (ECDA). The electro-coalescence of droplets is according to the polarization induced electrostatic and dielectrophoretic forces, and the dielectrowetting effect. The photolithographically fabricated microwells are highly regular and reproducible, ensuring identical volume and physical confinement to achieve uniform droplet array, and meanwhile the microwell isolation protects the paired water droplets from further fusion and broadens its feasibility to different fluidic systems. Under optimized conditions, a droplet array with an average diameter of 85 µm and a throughput of 106 in a 10 cm × 10 cm chip can be achieved within 5 s at 120 Vpp and 50 kHz. This ECDA chip is validated for various microwell geometries and functional materials. The optimized ECDA are successfully applied for digital viable bacteria counting, showing comparable results to the plate culture counting. Such an ECDA chip, as a digitizable and high-throughput platform, presents excellent potential for high-throughput screening, analysis, absolute quantification, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqiang Feng
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shitao Shen
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Jin
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Mengjun Liu
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Wu
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Bao'an District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518133, P. R. China
| | - Zichuan Yi
- College of Electron and Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan, 528402, P. R. China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lingling Shui
- International Joint Laboratory of Optofluidic Technology and System, National Centre for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics & School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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Trinh TND, Do HDK, Nam NN, Dan TT, Trinh KTL, Lee NY. Droplet-Based Microfluidics: Applications in Pharmaceuticals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:937. [PMID: 37513850 PMCID: PMC10385691 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Droplet-based microfluidics offer great opportunities for applications in various fields, such as diagnostics, food sciences, and drug discovery. A droplet provides an isolated environment for performing a single reaction within a microscale-volume sample, allowing for a fast reaction with a high sensitivity, high throughput, and low risk of cross-contamination. Owing to several remarkable features, droplet-based microfluidic techniques have been intensively studied. In this review, we discuss the impact of droplet microfluidics, particularly focusing on drug screening and development. In addition, we surveyed various methods of device fabrication and droplet generation/manipulation. We further highlight some promising studies covering drug synthesis and delivery that were updated within the last 5 years. This review provides researchers with a quick guide that includes the most up-to-date and relevant information on the latest scientific findings on the development of droplet-based microfluidics in the pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Diep Trinh
- Department of Materials Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Do
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ward 13, District 04, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Nhat Nam
- Biotechnology Center, School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam
| | - Thach Thi Dan
- Department of Materials Science, School of Applied Chemistry, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam
| | - Kieu The Loan Trinh
- BioNano Applications Research Center, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
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7
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Dong J, Li G, Xia L, Li H. Microtrap-assisted microfluidic magnetic separation and concentration for ultrasensitive immunoassays of biomarkers. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1699:464021. [PMID: 37126879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Precise and accurate quantitation of important biomarkers is significant, especially in early-stage diseases diagnosis. To realized effective biosample preparation and trace-level biomarker detection, a microtrap-assisted microfluidic magnetic immunoassays (μMI) method was developed in this work. A microtrap was fabricated inside the straight microchannel of μMI device to help magnetic separation and concentration of immunocomplexes. These immunocomplexes were enriched in microtrap of μMI device to accomplish selective and sensitive biomarker detection. Horseradish peroxidase-labeled magnetic beads were employed to evaluate assay feasibility and microtrap effect on assay sensitivity. The microtrap-assisted μMI was then applied for model biomarkers detection. The limits of detection of μMI were 0.025 pg/mL for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and 0.021 pg/mL for matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), which corresponded up to 2014-fold sensitivity improvement compared to their standard microwell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results. In addition, the selectivity and reproducibility of microtrap-assisted μMI were confirmed. In clinical serum sample analysis, recoveries of 91.3%-106.7% with relative standard deviations less than 6.1% were obtained for MCP-1 and MMP-9, and method accuracy was verified by commercial ELISA kit. The developed μMI can accomplish ultratrace biomarker detection offering practical tool for laboratorial and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Dong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - He Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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8
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Jiao L, Wu Y, Hu Y, Guo Q, Wu H, Yu H, Deng L, Li D, Li L. Mosaic Patterned Surfaces toward Generating Hardly-Volatile Capsular Droplet Arrays for High-Precision Droplet-Based Storage and Detection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206274. [PMID: 36617523 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Precise detection involving droplets based on functional surfaces is promising for the parallelization and miniaturization of platforms and is significant in epidemic investigation, analyte recognition, environmental simulation, combinatorial chemistry, etc. However, a challenging and considerable task is obtaining mutually independent droplet arrays without cross-contamination and simultaneously avoiding droplet evaporation-caused quick reagent loss, inaccuracy, and failure. Herein, a strategy to generate mutually independent and hardly-volatile capsular droplet arrays using innovative mosaic patterned surfaces is developed. The evaporation suppression of the capsular droplet arrays is 1712 times higher than the naked droplet. The high evaporation suppression of the capsular droplet arrays on the surfaces is attributed to synergistic blocking of the upper oil and bottom mosaic gasproof layer. The scale-up of the capsular droplet arrays, the flexibility in shape, size, component (including aqueous, colloidal, acid, and alkali solutions), liquid volume, and the high-precision hazardous substance testing proves the concept's high compatibility and practicability. The mutually independent capsular droplet arrays with amazingly high evaporation suppression are essential for the new generation of high-performance open-surface microfluidic chips used in COVID-19 diagnosis and investigation, primary screening, in vitro enzyme reactions, environmental monitoring, nanomaterial synthesis, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiao
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Yixiao Wu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Wu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Huiyao Yu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, P. R. China
| | - Longqiang Deng
- Zhejiang Tuff Development Company Ltd., Jiaxing, 314400, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, P. R. China
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9
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Gao H, Wan X, Yang Y, Lu J, Zhu Q, Xu L, Wang S. Leaf-Inspired Patterned Organohydrogel Surface for Ultrawide Time-Range Open Biosensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207702. [PMID: 36775866 PMCID: PMC10104639 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Droplet arrays show great significance in biosensing and biodetection because of low sample consumption and easy operation. However, inevitable water evaporation in open environment severely limits their applications in time-consuming reactions. Herein, inspired by the unique water retention features of leaves, it is demonstrated that an open droplet array on patterned organohydrogel surface with water evaporating replenishment (POWER) for ultrawide time-range biosensing, which integrated hydrophilic hydrogel domains and hydrophobic organogel background. The hydrogel domains on the surface can supply water to the pinned droplets through capillary channels formed in the nether organohydrogel bulk. The organogel background can inhibit water evaporation like the wax coating of leaves. Such a unique bioinspired design enables ultrawide time-range biosensing in open environment from a few minutes to more than five hours involving a variety of analytes such as ions, small molecules, and macromolecules. The POWER provides a feasible and open biosensing platform for ultrawide time-range reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Xizi Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio‐inspired Materials and Interfacial ScienceTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Yuemeng Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Qinglin Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Li‐Ping Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio‐inspired Materials and Interfacial ScienceTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
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10
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Shao F, Lee PW, Li H, Hsieh K, Wang TH. Emerging platforms for high-throughput enzymatic bioassays. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:120-133. [PMID: 35863950 PMCID: PMC9789168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes have essential roles in catalyzing biological reactions and maintaining metabolic systems. Many in vitro enzymatic bioassays have been developed for use in industrial and research fields, such as cell biology, enzyme engineering, drug screening, and biofuel production. Of note, many of these require the use of high-throughput platforms. Although the microtiter plate remains the standard for high-throughput enzymatic bioassays, microfluidic arrays and droplet microfluidics represent emerging methods. Each has seen significant advances and offers distinct advantages; however, drawbacks in key performance metrics, including reagent consumption, reaction manipulation, reaction recovery, real-time measurement, concentration gradient range, and multiplexity, remain. Herein, we compare recent high-throughput platforms using the aforementioned metrics as criteria and provide insights into remaining challenges and future research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchi Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pei-Wei Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kuangwen Hsieh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tza-Huei Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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11
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Shi W, Bell S, Iyer H, Brenden CK, Zhang Y, Kim S, Park I, Bashir R, Sweedler J, Vlasov Y. Integrated silicon microfluidic chip for picoliter-scale analyte segmentation and microscale printing for mass spectrometry imaging. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 23:72-80. [PMID: 36477760 PMCID: PMC9764807 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00688j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A silicon single-chip microfluidics system that integrates microscale fluidic channels, an analyte segmentation device, and a nozzle for electrohydrodynamic-assisted printing is designed for hyphenation with MALDI mass spectrometry (MS) imaging. A miniaturized T-junction segments analytes into monodisperse picoliter oil-isolated compartments. The printing nozzle deposits generated droplets one-by-one into an array on a conductive substrate without splitting or coalescing. Virtually single-shot MS analysis is enabled due to the ultrasmall droplet volumes and highly localized printing. The signal-to-noise ratio indicates that detection limits at the attomole level are achieved for γ-aminobutyric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Shi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Sara Bell
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hrishikesh Iyer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | | | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Sungho Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Insu Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jonathan Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yurii Vlasov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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12
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Dong J, Li G, Xia L. Microfluidic Magnetic Spatial Confinement Strategy for the Enrichment and Ultrasensitive Detection of MCF-7 and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Anal Chem 2022; 94:16901-16909. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Dong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510006, China
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13
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Hattori K, Goda Y, Yamashita M, Yoshioka Y, Kojima R, Ota S. Droplet Array-Based Platform for Parallel Optical Analysis of Dynamic Extracellular Vesicle Secretion from Single Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:11209-11215. [PMID: 35797226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are essential intercellular communication tools, but the regulatory mechanisms governing heterogeneous EV secretion are still unclear due to the lack of methods for precise analysis. Monitoring the dynamics of secretion from individually isolated cells is crucial because in bulk analysis, secretion activity can be perturbed by cell-cell interactions, and a cell population rarely performs secretion in a magnitude- or duration-synchronized manner. Although various microfluidic techniques have been adopted to evaluate the abundance of single-cell-derived EVs, none can track their secretion dynamics continually for extended periods. Here, we have developed a droplet array-based method that allowed us to optically quantify the EV secretion dynamics of >300 single cells every 2 h for 36 h, which covers the cell doubling time of many cell types. The experimental results clearly show the highly heterogeneous nature of single-cell EV secretion and suggest that cell division facilitates EV secretion, showing the usefulness of this platform for discovering EV regulation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hattori
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuki Goda
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Minato Yamashita
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kojima
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Sadao Ota
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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14
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15
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Xie T, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Feng S, Lin JM. Inkjet-Patterned Microdroplets as Individual Microenvironments for Adherent Single Cell Culture. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107992. [PMID: 35362237 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion of single cells is the foundation of manifold cellular behaviors and life processes. However, investigating the function of a specific cell is still challenging due to deficiency of adhesion or interference from surrounding cells. Herein, an open microfluidic system is reported for culturing adherent single cells, implemented by a micrometer-scale droplet matrix on an inkjet-printed polylysine template. The target cells are isolated from any cell from other droplets, and their adhesion strength is determined to be comparable to conventional petri dishes via an in-situ investigation with a microfluidic extractor. On this proposed platform, isolated single cells are observed to display an entirely distinct spreading behavior featuring total absence of elongation, indicating drastic cell behavior change from their "singleness." This system has high versatility and compatibility for various assaying methods, assuring a promising potential in detailed single cell behavior and cell heterogeneity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianze Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Weifei Zhang
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, N 3rd Ring Road E 18, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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16
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He Y, Lu Z, Fan H, Zhang T. A photofabricated honeycomb micropillar array for loss-free trapping of microfluidic droplets and application to digital PCR. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3933-3941. [PMID: 34636815 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00629k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Droplet microfluidics is a promising platform for various biological and biomedical applications. Among which, droplet-based digital PCR (ddPCR) is one of the most challenging examples, with practical issues involving possible fusion/fission of droplets during PCR thermocycling and difficulties of indexing them for real-time monitoring. While spatially trapped droplet arrays may be helpful, they currently are either of low trapping density or suffer from high droplet loss. In this paper, we, for the first time, report a photofabricated honeycomb micropillar array (PHMA) for high-density and loss-free droplet trapping. By rationally designing high-aspect-ratio micropillars into a honeycomb configuration, droplets can be captured at a density of 160-250 droplets per mm2 and, more interestingly, without any loss. The PHMA device can be fabricated from several photocurable materials, with one gasproof photopolymer being optimally selected herein to enable the simple design to avoid sample evaporation and tedious surface modification, thereby making the fabrication very convenient. Moreover, by using a photocurable oil as a continuous phase, the trapped droplets can be further immobilized, and thus, become more stable even in PCR thermocycling. With these features, the proposed PHMA has shown promising potential in ddPCR, and is expected to find a wide range of applications in various biological and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu He
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Zefan Lu
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Hongliang Fan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Hygiene, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Research Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
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17
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18
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Li C, Gong Y, Wang X, Xu J, Ma B. Integrated Addressable Dynamic Droplet Array (aDDA) as Sub-Nanoliter Reactors for High-Coverage Genome Sequencing of Single Yeast Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100325. [PMID: 34296526 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An addressable dynamic droplet array (aDDA) is presented that combines the advantages of static droplet arrays and continuous-flow droplet platforms. Modular fabrication is employed to create a self-contained integrated aDDA. All the sample preparation steps, including single-cell isolation, cell lysis, amplification, and product retrieval, are performed in sequence within a sub-nanoliter (≈300 pL) droplet. Sequencing-based validation suggests that aDDA reduces the amplification bias of multiple displacement amplification (MDA) and elevates the percentage of one-yeast-cell genome recovery to 91%, as compared to the average of 26% using conventional, 20 µL volume MDA reactions. Thus, aDDA is a valuable addition to the toolbox for high-genome-coverage sequencing of single microbial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Yanhai Gong
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Xixian Wang
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Bo Ma
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels and Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
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19
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Li P, Zhang L, Zhang S, Xu C, Li Y, Qu J, Li S, Mao G, Wang H. Fabricating a wettable microwells array onto a nitrogen plasma-treated ITO substrate: high-throughput fluorimetric platform for selective sensing of ammonia in blood using polymer-stabilized NH 2-MIL-125. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5998-6005. [PMID: 34259306 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01304a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A high-throughput and selective fluorimetric platform has been constructed for the analysis of ammonia in blood by using a polymer-stabilized metal-organic framework (MOF) of porous NH2-MIL-125, which was coated onto a wettable microwells array constructed on an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. It was found that the nitrogen plasma treatment for the ITO substrate could create a super-hydrophilic interface that combined with the hydrophobic pattern yielded a wettable microwells array, enabling the condensation-based enrichment of targets from the sample droplets. Moreover, the NH2-MIL-125 MOF encapsulated using polymers could be firmly coated onto the microwells to act as fluorescent probes for sensing NH3 with enhanced responses. In addition, the use of the polymer polyvinyl pyrrolidone could protect and stabilize the crystals of NH2-MIL-125 probe in aqueous media, revealing the improved hydrophilicity and significantly depressed signal background. The as-developed fluorimetric platform, containing a MOF-coated microwells array, can enable the detection of ammonia in blood, with concentrations ranging linearly from 0.10 to 300 μM. More importantly, this plasma treatment-based fabrication route may hold promise for designing different wettable microwells arrays for the high-throughput detection of multiple targets in the fields of biomedical analysis and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yinuo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Juan Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China and School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, P. R. China.
| | - Guojiang Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China and School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province 313000, P. R. China.
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20
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Liu Y, Sun L, Zhang H, Shang L, Zhao Y. Microfluidics for Drug Development: From Synthesis to Evaluation. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7468-7529. [PMID: 34024093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug development is a long process whose main content includes drug synthesis, drug delivery, and drug evaluation. Compared with conventional drug development procedures, microfluidics has emerged as a revolutionary technology in that it offers a miniaturized and highly controllable environment for bio(chemical) reactions to take place. It is also compatible with analytical strategies to implement integrated and high-throughput screening and evaluations. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the entire microfluidics-based drug development system, from drug synthesis to drug evaluation. The challenges in the current status and the prospects for future development are also discussed. We believe that this review will promote communications throughout diversified scientific and engineering communities that will continue contributing to this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Lingyu Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Luoran Shang
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, the International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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21
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Yang J, Xiao X, Xia L, Li G, Shui L. Microfluidic Magnetic Analyte Delivery Technique for Separation, Enrichment, and Fluorescence Detection of Ultratrace Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8273-8280. [PMID: 34061492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic magnetic analyte delivery (μMAD) technique was developed to realize sample preparation and ultrasensitive biomarker detection. A simply designed microfluidic device was employed to carry out this technique, including a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-glass hybrid microchip having four straight rectangular channels and a permanent magnet. In the μMAD process, functionalized magnetic beads (MBs) were used to recognize and isolate analytes from a complex sample matrix, deliver analytes into tiny microchannels, and preconcentrate analytes in the magnetic trapping/detection region for in situ fluorescence detection. In the feasibility study and sensitivity optimization, horseradish peroxidase-labeled MBs were used, and critical parameters for the signal amplification performance of μMAD were carefully evaluated. At optimized conditions, a sensitivity improvement of at least 2 orders of magnitude was achieved. As a proof of concept, μMAD was combined with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were selected as model biomarkers. The limits of detection (LODs) of μMAD-ELISA were as low as 0.29 pg/mL for CEA, 0.047 pg/mL for PSA, and 0.021 pg/mL for IL-6, which corresponded to an over 200-fold reduction compared to their commercial ELISA results. Meanwhile, μMAD-ELISA revealed high selectivity and reproducibility. In clinical sample analysis, good accuracy was acquired for human serum analysis relative to commercial ELISA kits, and satisfied recoveries of 85.1-102% with RSDs of 1.7-9.8% for IL-6 and 84.7-113% with RSDs of 3.2-8.3% for interferon-γ were obtained. This ultrasensitive and easy operation technique provides a valuable approach for trace-level biomarker detection for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Yang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiaohua Xiao
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ling Xia
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lingling Shui
- School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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22
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Berlanda SF, Breitfeld M, Dietsche CL, Dittrich PS. Recent Advances in Microfluidic Technology for Bioanalysis and Diagnostics. Anal Chem 2020; 93:311-331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon F. Berlanda
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Breitfeld
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudius L. Dietsche
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra S. Dittrich
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Dong Z, Fang Q. Automated, flexible and versatile manipulation of nanoliter-to-picoliter droplets based on sequential operation droplet array technique. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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