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Jangra S, Gulia H, Singh J, Dang AS, Giri SK, Singh G, Priya K, Kumar A. Chemical leukoderma: An insight of pathophysiology and contributing factors. Toxicol Ind Health 2024; 40:479-495. [PMID: 38814634 DOI: 10.1177/07482337241257273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Chemical leukoderma, or chemical-based vitiligo, is a dermal disease triggered by exposure to chemicals and characterized by the emergence of depigmentation or hypopigmentation of the skin. The etiology of this condition is associated with exposure to various chemical substances present in both occupational and non-occupational settings. The precise mechanism that underlies chemical leukoderma remains elusive and is believed to result from the demise of melanocytes, which are responsible for producing skin pigments. This condition has gained particular prominence in developing countries like India. An interesting connection between chemical leukoderma and vitiligo has been identified; studies suggest that exposure to many household chemicals, which are derivatives of phenols and catechol, may serve as a primary etiological factor for the condition. Similar to autoimmune diseases, its pathogenesis involves contributions from both genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, over the last few decades, various studies have demonstrated that exposure to chemicals plays a crucial role in initiating and progressing chemical leukoderma, including cases stemming from occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soniya Jangra
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Heena Gulia
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Jagphool Singh
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Amita S Dang
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Shiv K Giri
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharaja Agrasen University, Solan, India
| | - Gulab Singh
- Department of Bioscience, School of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Mody University, Lakshmangarh, India
| | - Kanu Priya
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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2
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Manning MC, Holcomb RE, Payne RW, Stillahn JM, Connolly BD, Katayama DS, Liu H, Matsuura JE, Murphy BM, Henry CS, Crommelin DJA. Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals: Recent Advances. Pharm Res 2024:10.1007/s11095-024-03726-x. [PMID: 38937372 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
There have been significant advances in the formulation and stabilization of proteins in the liquid state over the past years since our previous review. Our mechanistic understanding of protein-excipient interactions has increased, allowing one to develop formulations in a more rational fashion. The field has moved towards more complex and challenging formulations, such as high concentration formulations to allow for subcutaneous administration and co-formulation. While much of the published work has focused on mAbs, the principles appear to apply to any therapeutic protein, although mAbs clearly have some distinctive features. In this review, we first discuss chemical degradation reactions. This is followed by a section on physical instability issues. Then, more specific topics are addressed: instability induced by interactions with interfaces, predictive methods for physical stability and interplay between chemical and physical instability. The final parts are devoted to discussions how all the above impacts (co-)formulation strategies, in particular for high protein concentration solutions.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan E Holcomb
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Robert W Payne
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joshua M Stillahn
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Abstract
Endogenous photosensitizers play a critical role in both beneficial and harmful light-induced transformations in biological systems. Understanding their mode of action is essential for advancing fields such as photomedicine, photoredox catalysis, environmental science, and the development of sun care products. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of endogenous photosensitizers in human skin, investigating the connections between their electronic excitation and the subsequent activation or damage of organic biomolecules. We gather the physicochemical and photochemical properties of key endogenous photosensitizers and examine the relationships between their chemical reactivity, location within the skin, and the primary biochemical events following solar radiation exposure, along with their influence on skin physiology and pathology. An important take-home message of this review is that photosensitization allows visible light and UV-A radiation to have large effects on skin. The analysis presented here unveils potential causes for the continuous increase in global skin cancer cases and emphasizes the limitations of current sun protection approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick L Bastos
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank H Quina
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício S Baptista
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Yang C, Wu G, Li Y, Zhang C, Liu C, Li X. Effect of Low-Voltage Electrostatic Field on Oxidative Denaturation of Myofibrillar Protein from Lamb-Subjected Freeze–Thaw Cycles. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-023-03041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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5
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Insights into Molecular Structure of Pterins Suitable for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315222. [PMID: 36499560 PMCID: PMC9737128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterins are an inseparable part of living organisms. Pterins participate in metabolic reactions mostly as tetrahydropterins. Dihydropterins are usually intermediates of these reactions, whereas oxidized pterins can be biomarkers of diseases. In this review, we analyze the available data on the quantum chemistry of unconjugated pterins as well as their photonics. This gives a comprehensive overview about the electronic structure of pterins and offers some benefits for biomedicine applications: (1) one can affect the enzymatic reactions of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, NO synthases, and alkylglycerol monooxygenase through UV irradiation of H4pterins since UV provokes electron donor reactions of H4pterins; (2) the emission properties of H2pterins and oxidized pterins can be used in fluorescence diagnostics; (3) two-photon absorption (TPA) should be used in such pterin-related infrared therapy because single-photon absorption in the UV range is inefficient and scatters in vivo; (4) one can affect pathogen organisms through TPA excitation of H4pterin cofactors, such as the molybdenum cofactor, leading to its detachment from proteins and subsequent oxidation; (5) metal nanostructures can be used for the UV-vis, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy detection of pterin biomarkers. Therefore, we investigated both the biochemistry and physical chemistry of pterins and suggested some potential prospects for pterin-related biomedicine.
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6
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Pterin-lysine photoadduct: a potential candidate for photoallergy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:1647-1657. [PMID: 35666464 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00248-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Photoallergy is a photosensitivity disorder associated with a modified ability of the skin to react to the combined effect of drugs and sunlight. It has been attributed to the covalent conjugation of proteins with a photosensitizer, yielding modified macromolecules that can act as antigen provoking the immune system response. The potential role of some endogenous compounds as photoallergens has not been fully established. It has been previously proposed that pterins, which are endogenous photosensitizers present in human skin under pathological conditions, are able to covalently bind to proteins. Here, we evaluated the capability of pterin (Ptr) to form photoadducts with free Lysine (Lys) and poly-L-lysine (poly-Lys). The findings obtained using chromatographic and spectroscopic tools, confirm the formation of photoadducts of Ptr with Lys residues. With poly-Lys the resulting adduct retains the spectroscopic properties of the photosensitizer, suggesting that the aromatic Ptr structure is conserved. On the other hand, the photoproduct formed with free Lys does not behave like Ptr, which suggests that if this product is a photoadduct, a chemical modification may have occurred during the photochemical reaction that alters the pterin moiety.
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7
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Buglak AA, Kononov AI. Silver Cluster Interactions with Tyrosine: Towards Amino Acid Detection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:634. [PMID: 35054820 PMCID: PMC8775517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine (Tyr) is involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, catecholamines, thyroid hormones, etc. Multiple pathologies are associated with impaired Tyr metabolism. Silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) can be applied for colorimetric, fluorescent, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection of Tyr. However, one should understand the theoretical basics of interactions between Tyr and Ag NCs. Thereby, we calculated the binding energy (Eb) between Tyr and Agnq (n = 1-8; q = 0-2) NCs using the density functional theory (DFT) to find the most stable complexes. Since Ag NCs are synthesized on Tyr in an aqueous solution at pH 12.5, we studied Tyr-1, semiquinone (SemiQ-1), and Tyr-2. Ag32+ and Ag5+ had the highest Eb. The absorption spectrum of Tyr-2 significantly red-shifts with the attachment of Ag32+, which is prospective for colorimetric Tyr detection. Ag32+ interacts with all functional groups of SemiQ-1 (phenolate, amino group, and carboxylate), which makes detection of Tyr possible due to band emergence at 1324 cm-1 in the vibrational spectrum. The ground state charge transfer between Ag and carboxylate determines the band emergence at 1661 cm-1 in the Raman spectrum of the SemiQ-1-Ag32+ complex. Thus, the prospects of Tyr detection using silver nanoclusters were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Buglak
- The Faculty of Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia;
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8
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Hipper E, Blech M, Hinderberger D, Garidel P, Kaiser W. Photo-Oxidation of Therapeutic Protein Formulations: From Radical Formation to Analytical Techniques. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:72. [PMID: 35056968 PMCID: PMC8779573 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
UV and ambient light-induced modifications and related degradation of therapeutic proteins are observed during manufacturing and storage. Therefore, to ensure product quality, protein formulations need to be analyzed with respect to photo-degradation processes and eventually protected from light exposure. This task usually demands the application and combination of various analytical methods. This review addresses analytical aspects of investigating photo-oxidation products and related mediators such as reactive oxygen species generated via UV and ambient light with well-established and novel techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hipper
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (E.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Michaela Blech
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (E.H.); (D.H.)
| | - Patrick Garidel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Kaiser
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, PDB, Birkendorfer Strasse 65, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany;
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9
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Two-colour single-molecule photoinduced electron transfer fluorescence imaging microscopy of chaperone dynamics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6964. [PMID: 34845214 PMCID: PMC8630005 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins are molecular machines, whose function is dependent on multiple conformational changes that are initiated and tightly controlled through biochemical stimuli. Their mechanistic understanding calls for spectroscopy that can probe simultaneously such structural coordinates. Here we present two-colour fluorescence microscopy in combination with photoinduced electron transfer (PET) probes as a method that simultaneously detects two structural coordinates in single protein molecules, one colour per coordinate. This contrasts with the commonly applied resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique that requires two colours per coordinate. We demonstrate the technique by directly and simultaneously observing three critical structural changes within the Hsp90 molecular chaperone machinery. Our results reveal synchronicity of conformational motions at remote sites during ATPase-driven closure of the Hsp90 molecular clamp, providing evidence for a cooperativity mechanism in the chaperone’s catalytic cycle. Single-molecule PET fluorescence microscopy opens up avenues in the multi-dimensional exploration of protein dynamics and allosteric mechanisms. Revealing mechanisms of complex protein machines requires simultaneous exploration of multiple structural coordinates. Here the authors report two-colour fluorescence microscopy combined with photoinduced electron transfer probes to simultaneously detect two structural coordinates in single protein molecules.
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10
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Fu X, Yin X, Ji C, Cheng H, Liang L. Effects of Folic Acid and Caffeic Acid on Indirect Photo-oxidation of Proteins and Their Costabilization under Irradiation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12505-12516. [PMID: 34519206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Proteins, vitamins, and phenols are often present together in foods, but they are sensitive to environmental factors. Folic acid (FA), a synthetic form of folate, decomposes under light, leading to protein oxidation. Caffeic acid (CA), a phenolic acid, exhibits remarkable activity for scavenging reactive molecules. The exploitation of their interactions offers opportunities for designing the stabilizing system. In this study, FA-photodecomposition-induced protein (β-lactoglobulin, α-lactalbumin, bovine serum albumin, and β-casein) damage and its inhibition by CA were investigated in terms of protein composition and structural change. The results indicated that FA photoproducts oxidized the proteins via the electron transfer pathway, leading to degradation, aggregation, and unfolding. At the same time, photostability of FA, CA, and proteins in the tertiary mixture was better than that of any individual components. The antioxidant activity of the proteins contributed to their protection for FA. CA and its products inhibited FA photodecomposition and the photodecomposition-induced protein oxidation by trapping excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chuye Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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11
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Hirakawa K, Yoshida M, Hirano T, Nakazaki J, Segawa H. Photosensitized Protein Damage by DiethyleneglycoxyP(V)tetrakis(p-n-butoxyphenyl)porphyrin Through Electron Transfer: Activity Control Through Self-aggregation and Dissociation. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 98:434-441. [PMID: 34516009 DOI: 10.1111/php.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
DiethyleneglycoxyP(V)tetrakis(p-n-butoxyphenyl)porphyrin (EGP(V)TBPP) forms a self-aggregation in an aqueous solution, and the photoexcited state of this molecule was effectively deactivated. Association with human serum albumin (HSA), a water-soluble protein, causes dissociation of the self-aggregation, resulting in recovery of the photosensitizer activity of EGP(V)TBPP. Under visible light irradiation, EGP(V)TBPP photosensitized HSA oxidation. The photosensitized singlet oxygen-generating activity of EGP(V)TBPP was confirmed by near-infrared emission measurement. A singlet oxygen quencher, sodium azide, partially inhibited the HSA photodamage; however, the quenching effect was estimated to be 57%. Another 43% of the HSA photodamage could be explained by the electron transfer mechanism. The redox potential of EGP(V)TBPP and the calculated Gibbs energy of electron transfer from tryptophan to photoexcited EGP(V)TBPP demonstrated the possibility of HSA oxidation through electron extraction. Fluorescence lifetime measurements of EGP(V)TBPP verified the electron transfer from HSA. The photosensitizer activity of EGP(V)TBPP can be controlled through an association with biomolecules, such as protein, and the electron transfer-mediated biomolecule photooxidation plays an important role in photodynamic therapy under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Hirakawa
- Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering Course, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Radiation Chemistry and Radioprotection, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Mami Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Chemistry and Radioprotection, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Toru Hirano
- Photon Medical Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Jotaro Nakazaki
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Segawa
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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A model to understand type I oxidations of biomolecules photosensitized by pterins. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2021.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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13
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Goossens JF, Thuru X, Bailly C. Properties and reactivity of the folic acid and folate photoproduct 6-formylpterin. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:1-10. [PMID: 33965562 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Folates (vitamin B9) are essential components of our diet and our gut microbiota. They are omnipresent in our cells and blood. Folates are necessary for DNA synthesis, methylation, and other vital bioprocesses. Folic acid (FA), as the synthetic form of folates, is largely found in supplements and fortified foods. FA and folate drugs are also extensively used as therapeutics. Therefore, we are continuously exposed to the pterin derivatives, and their photo-degradation products, such as 6-formylpterin (6-FPT) and pterin-6-carboxylic acid. During ultraviolet radiation, these two photolytic products generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for the cellular oxidative stress. 6-FPT can exhibit variable pro/anti-oxidative roles depending on the cell type and its environment (acting as a cell protector in normal cells, or as an enhancer of drug-induced cell death in cancer cells). The ROS-modulating capacity of 6-FPT is well-known, whereas its intrinsic reactivity has been much less investigated. Here, we have reviewed the properties of 6-FPT and highlighted its capacity to form covalent adducts with the ROS-scavenging drug edaravone (used to treat stroke and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) as well as its implication in immune surveillance. 6-FPT and its analogue acetyl-6-FPT function as small molecule antigens, recognized by the major histocompatibility complex-related class I-like molecule, MR1, for presentation to mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. As modulators of the MR1/MAIT machinery, 6-FPT derivatives could play a significant immuno-regulatory role in different diseases. This brief review shed light on the multiple properties and cellular activities of 6-FPT, well beyond its primary ROS-generating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Goossens
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Xavier Thuru
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - UMR1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, F-59000, Lille, France.
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14
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Keyes ED, Kauser K, Warner KS, Roberts AG. Photosensitized Oxidative Dimerization at Tyrosine by a Water-Soluble 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2703-2710. [PMID: 34161648 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of proteins generates reactive amino acid (AA) residue intermediates, leading to protein modification and cross-linking. Aerobic studies with peptides and photosensitizers allow for the controlled generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive AA residue intermediates, providing mechanistic insights as to how natural protein modifications form. Such studies have inspired the development of abiotic methods for protein modification and crosslinking, including applications of biomedical importance. Dityrosine linkages derived from oxidation at tyrosine (Tyr) residues represent one of the more well-understood oxidation-induced modifications. Here we demonstrate an aerobic, visible light-dependent oxidation reaction of Tyr-containing substrates promoted by a water-soluble 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide-based photosensitizer. The developed procedure converts Tyr-containing substrates into o,o'-Tyr-Tyr linked dimers. The regioselectively formed o,o'-Tyr-Tyr linkage is consistent with dimeric standards prepared using a known enzymatic method. A crossover study with two peptides provides a statistical mixture of three distinct o,o'-Tyr-Tyr linked dimers, supporting a mechanism that involves Tyr residue oxidation followed by intermolecular combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dalles Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
| | - Katalin Kauser
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Kevin S Warner
- Alucent Biomedical Inc., 675 Arapeen Dr #102, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Andrew G Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA
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15
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Baptista MS, Cadet J, Greer A, Thomas AH. Photosensitization Reactions of Biomolecules: Definition, Targets and Mechanisms. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1456-1483. [PMID: 34133762 DOI: 10.1111/php.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitization reactions have been demonstrated to be largely responsible for the deleterious biological effects of UV and visible radiation, as well as for the curative actions of photomedicine. A large number of endogenous and exogenous photosensitizers, biological targets and mechanisms have been reported in the past few decades. Evolving from the original definitions of the type I and type II photosensitized oxidations, we now provide physicochemical frameworks, classifications and key examples of these mechanisms in order to organize, interpret and understand the vast information available in the literature and the new reports, which are in vigorous growth. This review surveys in an extended manner all identified photosensitization mechanisms of the major biomolecule groups such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids bridging the gap with the subsequent biological processes. Also described are the effects of photosensitization in cells in which UVA and UVB irradiation triggers enzyme activation with the subsequent delayed generation of superoxide anion radical and nitric oxide. Definitions of photosensitized reactions are identified in biomolecules with key insights into cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Cadet
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrés H Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CCT La Plata-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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16
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Zhang D, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Chen L, Bao P, Fang H, Zhou C. l-Arginine and l-Lysine Alleviate Myosin from Oxidation: Their Role in Maintaining Myosin's Emulsifying Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3189-3198. [PMID: 33496584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the alleviative effects of l-arginine and l-lysine on the emulsifying properties and structural changes of myosin under hydroxyl radical (·OH) stress. The results showed that ·OH decreased the emulsifying activity index and emulsifying stability index but increased the creaming index and droplet size of a soybean oil-myosin emulsion (SOME). Confocal laser scanning microscopy demonstrated that ·OH caused larger and more inhomogeneous SOME droplets. l-Arginine and l-lysine effectively alleviated ·OH-induced destructive effects on the emulsifying properties of myosin. In addition, ·OH increased the extent of protein carbonylation and dityrosine formation, surface hydrophobicity, and β-sheet content, but decreased the tryptophan fluorescence intensity, solubility, total sulfhydryl, and α-helix content of myosin. Although l-lysine increased dityrosine fluorescence intensity, l-arginine and l-lysine effectively alleviated the aforementioned structural changes of myosin. Therefore, l-arginine and l-lysine could mitigate ·OH-induced structural changes of myosin, which enabled myosin to maintain its emulsifying capacity under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daojing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Pengqi Bao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Fang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
| | - Cunliu Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, P. R. China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China
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Reid LO, Thomas AH, Herlax V, Dántola ML. Role of Tryptophan Residues in the Toxicity and Photosensitized Inactivation of Escherichia coli α-Hemolysin. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4213-4224. [PMID: 33108867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
α-Hemolysin (HlyA) is an extracellular protein toxin secreted by uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli that inserts into membranes of eukaryotic cells. The main goal of this work was to investigate the involvement of tryptophan (W) residues in the hemolytic activity of HlyA. We investigated the hemolytic activity of six single-point mutant proteins, in which one of the four Ws was replaced by cysteine (C) or leucine (L). We also analyzed the photoinactivation of HlyA with pterin (Ptr), an endogenous photosensitizer, as a method of unspecific oxidation of W and tyrosine (Y) residues. HlyA photoinactivation was analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, hemolytic activity measurement, fluorescence spectroscopy, and electrophoretic analysis. The results indicate that Ws are important in the hemolytic process. Specifically, the chemical structure of the amino acid at position 578 is important for the acylation of HlyA at residue K563. Furthermore, the exposure of HlyA to ultraviolet radiation, with energy similar to that experienced under sun exposure, in the presence of Ptr induces the inactivation of the toxin, causing chemical changes in, at least, W and Y, the rate of damage to W residues being faster than that observed for Y residues. This work not only deepens our understanding of the structure-function relationship of the toxin but also introduces the possibility of using photoinactivation of HlyA for potential applications such as obtaining innocuous molecules for vaccine production and the elimination of the toxin from contaminated surfaces and drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara O Reid
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquı́micas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrés H Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquı́micas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Herlax
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquı́micas La Plata (INIBIOLP), CCT-La Plata, CONICET, UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, 60 y 120 La Plata, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Laura Dántola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquı́micas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Quı́mica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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18
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Muniyandi K, George B, Parimelazhagan T, Abrahamse H. Role of Photoactive Phytocompounds in Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Molecules 2020; 25:E4102. [PMID: 32911753 PMCID: PMC7570746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest life-threatening diseases conventionally treated using chemo- and radio-therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach to eradicate different types of cancers. PDT requires the administration of photosensitisers (PSs) and photoactivation using a specific wavelength of light in the presence of molecular oxygen. This photoactivation exerts an anticancer effect via apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy of cancer cells. Recently, various natural compounds that exhibit photosensitising potentials have been identified. Photoactive substances derived from medicinal plants have been found to be safe in comparison with synthetic compounds. Many articles have focused on PDT mechanisms and types of PSs, but limited attention has been paid to the phototoxic activities of phytocompounds. The reduced toxicity and side effects of natural compounds inspire the researchers to identify and use plant extracts or phytocompounds as a potent natural PS candidate for PDT. This review focusses on the importance of common photoactive groups (furanocoumarins, polyacetylenes, thiophenes, curcumins, alkaloids, and anthraquinones), their phototoxic effects, anticancer activity and use as a potent PS for an effective PDT outcome in the treatment of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasipandi Muniyandi
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; (K.M.); (B.G.)
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India;
| | - Blassan George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; (K.M.); (B.G.)
| | - Thangaraj Parimelazhagan
- Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India;
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; (K.M.); (B.G.)
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19
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Effect of UVB solar irradiation on Laccase enzyme: evaluation of the photooxidation process and its impact over the enzymatic activity for pollutants bioremediation. Amino Acids 2020; 52:925-939. [PMID: 32556742 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The multi-copper Laccase enzyme corresponds to one of the most investigated oxidoreductases for potential uses in xenobiotic bioremediation. In this work, we have investigated the photo-degradation process of Laccase from Trametesversicolor induced by UVB light and the influence on its activity over selected substrates. Laccase undergoes photo-degradation when irradiated with UVB light, and the process depends on the presence of oxygen in the medium. With the kinetic data obtained from stationary and time resolved measurements, a photo-degradation mechanism of auto-sensitization was proposed for the enzyme. Laccase generates singlet oxygen, by UVB light absorption, and this reactive oxygen species can trigger the photo-oxidation of susceptible amino acids residues present in the protein structure. The catalytic activity of Laccase was evaluated before and after UVB photolysis over hydroxy-aromatic compounds and substituted phenols which represent potential pollutants. The dye bromothymol blue, the antibiotic rifampicin and the model compound syringaldazine, were selected as substrates. The values of the kinetic parameters determined in our experiments indicate that the photo-oxidative process of Laccase has a very negative impact on its overall catalytic function. Despite this, we have not found evidence of structural damage by SDS-PAGE and circular dichroism experiments, which indicate that the enzyme retained its secondary structure. We believe that, given the importance of Laccase in environmental bioremediation, the information found about the stability of this kind of biomolecule exposed to UV solar irradiation may be relevant in the technological design and/or optimization of decontamination strategies.
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Fuentes-Lemus E, Mariotti M, Reyes J, Leinisch F, Hägglund P, Silva E, Davies MJ, López-Alarcón C. Photo-oxidation of lysozyme triggered by riboflavin is O 2-dependent, occurs via mixed type 1 and type 2 pathways, and results in inactivation, site-specific damage and intra- and inter-molecular crosslinks. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:61-73. [PMID: 32142879 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photosensitized protein oxidation is a promising tool for medical procedures such as photochemical tissue bonding (PTB). We have recently reported that the binding of rose Bengal, a sensitizer employed in PTB, to lysozyme modulates the photooxidation and crosslinking of this protein. In this work we examined the photooxidation and crosslinking of lysozyme mediated by riboflavin (RF) an endogenous sensitizer also employed in PTB. We hypothesized that since RF does not bind strongly to proteins, the mechanism(s) and extent of enzymatic inactivation, amino acid modification and protein crosslinking would be dependent on the presence of O2, and differ to that induced by rose Bengal. This hypothesis was tested using UV-visible spectrophotometry, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), SDS-PAGE gels, quantification of amino acid consumption, and LC-MS analysis of sites of modification and crosslinks. Under N2, limited damage was detected arising from type 1 (radical) chemistry with formation of specific intra- (Tyr20-Tyr23) and inter- (Tyr23-Trp108) molecular crosslinks. In contrast, the presence of O2 triggered extensive protein damage through mixed type 1 and type 2 (1O2) mechanisms leading to Trp, Met, Tyr and His oxidation, loss of enzymatic activity and protein dimerization. LC-MS analysis provided evidence for crosslinking via radical-radical recombination reactions (Trp28-Tyr53), and secondary reactions involving nucleophilic attack of the side-chain amine of Lys116 on carbonyl groups. Overall, this behavior is in marked contrast to that detected with rose Bengal indicating that the mechanisms and sites of photo-oxidative damage, and consequences for protein function, can be modulated by the choice of sensitizing dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes-Lemus
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(,) Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michele Mariotti
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Juan Reyes
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(,) Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabian Leinisch
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per Hägglund
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eduardo Silva
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(,) Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michael J Davies
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Camilo López-Alarcón
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(,) Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Física, Santiago, Chile.
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21
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Photo-induced protein oxidation: mechanisms, consequences and medical applications. Essays Biochem 2019; 64:33-44. [DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Irradiation from the sun has played a crucial role in the origin and evolution of life on the earth. Due to the presence of ozone in the stratosphere most of the hazardous irradiation is absorbed, nonetheless UVB, UVA, and visible light reach the earth’s surface. The high abundance of proteins in most living organisms, and the presence of chromophores in the side chains of certain amino acids, explain why these macromolecules are principal targets when biological systems are illuminated. Light absorption triggers the formation of excited species that can initiate photo-modification of proteins. The major pathways involve modifications derived from direct irradiation and photo-sensitized reactions. In this review we explored the basic concepts behind these photochemical pathways, with special emphasis on the photosensitized mechanisms (type 1 and type 2) leading to protein oxidation, and how this affects protein structure and functions. Finally, a description of the photochemical reactions involved in some human diseases, and medical applications of protein oxidation are presented.
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22
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Reid LO, Dántola ML, Petroselli G, Erra-Balsells R, Miranda MA, Lhiaubet-Vallet V, Thomas AH. Chemical Modifications of Globular Proteins Phototriggered by an Endogenous Photosensitizer. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2250-2259. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara O. Reid
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M. Laura Dántola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Petroselli
- CIHIDECAR - CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, 3p, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- CIHIDECAR - CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, 3p, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel A. Miranda
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Virginie Lhiaubet-Vallet
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés H. Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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23
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Golec B, Nawara K, Thummel RP, Waluk J. Photoinduced oxidation of an indole derivative: 2-(1'H-indol-2'-yl)-[1,5]naphthyridine. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2225-2231. [PMID: 30896718 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00587g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The UV-induced oxidation of 2-(1'H-indol-2'-yl)-[1,5]naphthyridine acetonitrile solution in the presence of air leads to the formation of 2-(1,5-naphthyridin-2-yl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one as a major product and N-(2-formylphenyl)-1,5-naphthyridine-2-carboxamide as a minor one. The probable reaction mechanisms are different for the two photoproducts and may involve both the reaction with singlet oxygen generated by the excited substrate or the reaction of the excited substrate with the ground state oxygen molecule. Electronic absorption and IR spectra indicate that both photoproducts are formed as mixtures of syn and anti-rotameric forms. The obtained results indicate an efficient and easy method for the synthesis of molecules with a benzoxazinone structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Golec
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Nawara
- Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Randolph P Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
| | - Jacek Waluk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland. and Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
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24
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Hirakawa K, Suzuki A, Ouyang D, Okazaki S, Ibuki Y, Nakazaki J, Segawa H. Controlled Photodynamic Action of Axial Fluorinated DiethoxyP(V)tetrakis( p-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin through Self-Aggregation. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1638-1645. [PMID: 31273983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DiethoxyP(V)tetrakis(p-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin (EtP(V)TMPP) and its fluorinated derivative (FEtP(V)TMPP) were synthesized to examine their photodynamic action. These P(V)porphyrins were aggregated in an aqueous solution, resulting in the suppression of their photodynamic activity. In the presence of human serum albumin (HSA), a water-soluble protein, the aggregation states were resolved and formed a binding complex between P(V)porphyrin and HSA. These P(V)porphyrins photosensitized the oxidation of the tryptophan residue of HSA under the irradiation of long-wavelength visible light (>630 nm). This protein photodamage was explained by the electron transfer from tryptophan to the photoexcited state of P(V)porphyrins and singlet oxygen generation. The axial fluorination reduced the redox potential of the one-electron reduction of P(V)porphyrin and increased the electron transfer rate constant. However, this axial fluorination decreased the binding constant with HSA, and the quantum yield of photosensitized HSA damage through electron transfer was decreased. The photocytotoxicity of these P(V)porphyrins to HaCaT cells was also confirmed, and FEtP(V)TMPP demonstrated stronger phototoxicity than EtP(V)TMPP. In summary, a self-aggregation of porphyrin photosensitizers and resolving by targeting biomacromolecules may be used to target selective photodynamic action. The redox potential and an association with a targeting biomolecule are the important factors of the electron transfer-mediated mechanism, which is advantageous under hypoxic tumor conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Hirakawa
- Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering Course, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , Johoku 3-5-1 , Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8561 , Japan.,Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , Johoku 3-5-1 , Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Ayaka Suzuki
- Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering Course, Department of Engineering, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology , Shizuoka University , Johoku 3-5-1 , Naka-ku, Hamamatsu 432-8561 , Japan
| | - Dongyan Ouyang
- Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems (CIMoS), Institute for Molecular Sciences , National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 38 Nishigo-Naka , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585 , Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Okazaki
- Department of Medical Spectroscopy Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Handayama 1-20-1 , Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192 , Japan
| | - Yuko Ibuki
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences , University of Shizuoka , Yada 52-1 , Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526 , Japan
| | - Jotaro Nakazaki
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Komaba 3-8-1 , Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Segawa
- Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Komaba 3-8-1 , Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 , Japan
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Siewert B, Stuppner H. The photoactivity of natural products - An overlooked potential of phytomedicines? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 60:152985. [PMID: 31257117 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoactivity, though known for centuries, is only recently shifting back into focus as a treatment option against cancer and microbial infections. The external factor light is the ingenious key-component of this therapy: Since light activates the drug locally, a high level of selectivity is reached and side effects are avoided. The first reported photoactive medicines were plant extracts. Synthetic entities (so-called photosensitizers PSs), however, paved the route towards the clinical approval of the so-called photodynamic therapy (PDT), and thus natural PSs took a backseat in the past. HYPOTHESIS Many isolated bioactive phytochemicals hold a hidden photoactive potential, which is overlooked due to the reduced common awareness of photoactivity. METHODS A systematic review of reported natural PSs and their supposed medicinal application was conducted by employing PubMed, Scifinder, and Web of Science. The identified photoactive natural products were compiled including information about their natural sources, their photoyield, and their pharmacological application. Furthermore, the common chemical scaffolds of natural PS are shown to enable the reader to recognize potentially overlooked natural PSs. RESULTS The literature review revealed over 100 natural PS, excluding porphyrins. The PSs were classified according to their scaffold. Thereby it was shown that some PS-scaffolds were analyzed in a detailed way, while other classes were only scarcely investigated, which leaves space for future discoveries. In addition, the literature revealed that many PSs are phytoalexins, thus the selection of the starting material significantly matters in order to find new PSs. CONCLUSION Photoactive principles are ubiquitous and can be found in various plant extracts. With the increasing availability of light-irradiation setups for the identification of photoactive natural products, we anticipate the discovery of many new natural PSs in the near future. With the accumulation of chemically diverse PSs, PDT itself might finally reach its clinical breakthrough as a promising alternative treatment against multi-resistant microbes and cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Siewert
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria.
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
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26
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Differentiating the Effects of Oxidative Stress Tests on Biopharmaceuticals. Pharm Res 2019; 36:103. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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27
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Walalawela N, Urrutia MN, Thomas AH, Greer A, Vignoni M. Alkane Chain‐extended Pterin Through a Pendent Carboxylic Acid Acts as Triple Functioning Fluorophore,
1
O
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Sensitizer and Membrane Binder. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:1160-1168. [DOI: 10.1111/php.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niluksha Walalawela
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College City University of New York Brooklyn NY
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY
| | - María Noel Urrutia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) CCT La Plata‐CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - Andrés H. Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) CCT La Plata‐CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College City University of New York Brooklyn NY
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY
| | - Mariana Vignoni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) CCT La Plata‐CONICET La Plata Argentina
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28
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Reid LO, Vignoni M, Martins-Froment N, Thomas AH, Dántola ML. Photochemistry of tyrosine dimer: when an oxidative lesion of proteins is able to photoinduce further damage. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1732-1741. [DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00182d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosine dimer (Tyr2), a covalent bond between two tyrosines (Tyr), is one of the most important modifications of the oxidative damage of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara O. Reid
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- (1900) La Plata
| | - Mariana Vignoni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- (1900) La Plata
| | - Nathalie Martins-Froment
- Service Commun de Spectrométrie de Masse (FR2599)
- Université de Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier)
- F-31062 Toulouse cédex 9
- France
| | - Andrés H. Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- (1900) La Plata
| | - M. Laura Dántola
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- (1900) La Plata
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Vignoni M, Urrutia MN, Junqueira HC, Greer A, Reis A, Baptista MS, Itri R, Thomas AH. Photo-Oxidation of Unilamellar Vesicles by a Lipophilic Pterin: Deciphering Biomembrane Photodamage. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15578-15586. [PMID: 30457340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Pterins are natural products that can photosensitize the oxidation of DNA, proteins, and phospholipids. Recently, a new series of decyl-chain (i.e., lipophilic) pterins were synthesized and their photophysical properties were investigated. These decyl-pterins led to efficient intercalation in large unilamellar vesicles and produced, under UVA irradiation, singlet molecular oxygen, a highly oxidative species that react with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to form hydroperoxides. Here, we demonstrate that the association of 4-(decyloxy)pteridin-2-amine ( O-decyl-Ptr) to lipid membranes is key to its ability to trigger phospholipid oxidation in unilamellar vesicles of phosphatidylcholine rich in PUFAs used as model biomembranes. Our results show that O-decyl-Ptr is at least 1 order of magnitude more efficient photosensitizer of lipids than pterin (Ptr), the unsubstituted derivative of the pterin family, which is more hydrophilic and freely passes across lipid membranes. Lipid peroxidation photosensitized by O-decyl-Ptr was detected by the formation of conjugated dienes and oxidized lipids, such as hydroxy and hydroperoxide derivatives. These primary products undergo a rapid conversion into short-chain secondary products by cleavage of the fatty-acid chains, some of which are due to subsequent photosensitized reactions. As a consequence, a fast increase in membrane permeability is observed. Therefore, lipid oxidation induced by O-decyl-Ptr could promote cell photodamage due to the biomembrane integrity loss, which in turn may trigger cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vignoni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Dep. de Química, Fac. de Cs. Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CCT La Plata-CONICET, CC 16, Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Maria Noel Urrutia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Dep. de Química, Fac. de Cs. Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CCT La Plata-CONICET, CC 16, Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Helena C Junqueira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo , 05508-000 São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry , Brooklyn College, City University of New York , Brooklyn , 11210 New York , United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , 365 Fifth Avenue , 10016 New York , New York , United States
| | - Ana Reis
- ICETA/REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences , University of Porto , 4169-007 Porto , Portugal
| | - Mauricio S Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química , Universidade de São Paulo , 05508-000 São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 05508-090 São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Andrés H Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Dep. de Química, Fac. de Cs. Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CCT La Plata-CONICET, CC 16, Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
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30
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Gupta S, Singh R, Kumar V, Shukla P, Joshi KB. Ornamentation of Triskelion Peptide Nanotori to Produce Gold Nanoparticle (AuNP)-Embedded Peptide Nanobangles. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3285-3295. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shradhey Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Technology; Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University; Sagar, MP 470003 India
| | - Ramesh Singh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Technology; Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University; Sagar, MP 470003 India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Current address: BIOPEP group; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch 7600 South Africa
| | - Prashant Shukla
- Department of Physics; Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University; Sagar, MP 470003 India
| | - Khashti Ballabh Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Technology; Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University; Sagar, MP 470003 India
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31
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Bertozo LDC, Tavares Neto E, Oliveira LCD, Ximenes VF. Oxidative Alteration of Trp-214 and Lys-199 in Human Serum Albumin Increases Binding Affinity with Phenylbutazone: A Combined Experimental and Computational Investigation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102868. [PMID: 30241420 PMCID: PMC6213266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is a target for reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alterations of its physiological functions caused by oxidation is a current issue. In this work, the amino-acid residues Trp-214 and Lys-199, which are located at site I of HSA, were experimentally and computationally oxidized, and the effect on the binding constant with phenylbutazone was measured. HSA was submitted to two mild oxidizing reagents, taurine monochloramine (Tau-NHCl) and taurine dibromamine (Tau-NBr₂). The oxidation of Trp-214 provoked spectroscopic alterations in the protein which were consistent with the formation of N'-formylkynurenine. It was found that the oxidation of HSA by Tau-NBr₂, but not by Tau-NHCl, provoked a significant increase in the association constant with phenylbutazone. The alterations of Trp-214 and Lys-199 were modeled and simulated by changing these residues using the putative oxidation products. Based on the Amber score function, the interaction energy was measured, and it showed that, while native HSA presented an interaction energy of -21.3 kJ/mol, HSA with Trp-214 altered to N'-formylkynurenine resulted in an energy of -28.4 kJ/mol, and HSA with Lys-199 altered to its carbonylated form resulted in an energy of -33.9 kJ/mol. In summary, these experimental and theoretical findings show that oxidative alterations of amino-acid residues at site I of HSA affect its binding efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza de Carvalho Bertozo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, UNESP⁻São Paulo State University, Bauru, SP 17033-360, Brazil.
| | - Ernesto Tavares Neto
- Department of Physics⁻Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, UNESP⁻São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Cristante de Oliveira
- Department of Physics⁻Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, UNESP⁻São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Valdecir Farias Ximenes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, UNESP⁻São Paulo State University, Bauru, SP 17033-360, Brazil.
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Ludvíková L, Štacko P, Sperry J, Klán P. Photosensitized Cross-Linking of Tryptophan and Tyrosine Derivatives by Rose Bengal in Aqueous Solutions. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10835-10844. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Ludvíková
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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33
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Kundu RV, Mhlaba JM, Rangel SM, Le Poole IC. The convergence theory for vitiligo: A reappraisal. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:647-655. [PMID: 29704874 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is characterized by progressive loss of skin pigmentation. The search for aetiologic factors has led to the biochemical, the neurologic and the autoimmune theory. The convergence theory was then proposed several years ago to incorporate existing theories of vitiligo development into a single overview of vitiligo aetiology. The viewpoint that vitiligo is not caused only by predisposing mutations, or only by melanocytes responding to chemical/radiation exposure, or only by hyperreactive T cells, but rather results from a combination of aetiologic factors that impact melanocyte viability, has certainly stood the test of time. New findings have since informed the description of progressive depigmentation. Understanding the relative importance of such aetiologic factors combined with a careful selection of the most targetable pathways will continue to drive the next phase in vitiligo research: the development of effective therapeutics. In that arena, it is likewise important to acknowledge that pathways affected in some patients may not be altered in others. Taken together, the convergence theory continues to provide a comprehensive viewpoint of vitiligo aetiology. The theory serves to intertwine aetiologic pathways and will help to define pathways amenable to disease intervention in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopal V Kundu
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julia M Mhlaba
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - I Caroline Le Poole
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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34
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Estébanez S, Lorente C, Kaufman TS, Larghi EL, Thomas AH, Serrano MP. Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of 3-methylpterin as a New and More Stable Pterin-type Photosensitizer. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 94:881-889. [PMID: 29729023 DOI: 10.1111/php.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pterin derivatives are heterocyclic compounds which are present in different biological systems. Neutral aqueous solutions of pterins present acid-base and keto-enol equilibria. These compounds, under UV-A radiation fluoresce, undergo photooxidation, generate reactive oxygen species and photoinduce the oxidation of biological substrates. As photosensitizers, they may act through different mechanisms, mainly through an electron transfer-initiated process (type-I mechanism), but they also produce singlet molecular oxygen (1 O2 ) upon irradiation (type-II mechanism). In general, upon UV-A excitation two triplet states, corresponding to the lactim and lactam tautomers, are formed, but only the last one is the responsible for the photosensitized reactions of biomolecules. We present a study of the photochemical properties of 3-methylpterin (3-Mep) which, in contrast to most pterin derivatives, exists only in the lactam form. Also an improvement in the synthesis of 3-Mep is reported. The spectroscopic properties 3-Mep in aqueous solution were similar to those of the unsubstituted pterin derivative (Ptr) in its acid form, such as absorption, fluorescent and phosphorescent emission spectra. Experiments using 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (dGMP) as oxidizable target demonstrated that methylation at C-3 position of the pterin moiety does not affect significantly the efficiency of photosensitization, but results in a more photostable sensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Estébanez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carolina Lorente
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Teodoro S Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Enrique L Larghi
- Instituto de Química Rosario (IQUIR, CONICET-UNR) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Andrés H Thomas
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariana P Serrano
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
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35
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Walalawela N, Vignoni M, Urrutia MN, Belh SJ, Greer EM, Thomas AH, Greer A. Kinetic Control in the Regioselective Alkylation of Pterin Sensitizers: A Synthetic, Photochemical, and Theoretical Study. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 94:834-844. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Niluksha Walalawela
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College City University of New York Brooklyn NY
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY
| | - Mariana Vignoni
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College City University of New York Brooklyn NY
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) CCT La Plata‐CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - María Noel Urrutia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) CCT La Plata‐CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - Sarah J. Belh
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College City University of New York Brooklyn NY
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY
| | - Edyta M. Greer
- Department of Natural Sciences Baruch College City University of New York New York NY
| | - Andrés H. Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) Departamento de Química Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) CCT La Plata‐CONICET La Plata Argentina
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry Brooklyn College City University of New York Brooklyn NY
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY
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36
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Dantola ML, Reid LO, Castaño C, Lorente C, Oliveros E, Thomas AH. Photosensitization of peptides and proteins by pterin derivatives. Pteridines 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/pterid-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Proteins are one of the preferential targets of the photosensitized damaging effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on biological system. Pterins belong to a family of heterocyclic compounds, which are widespread in living systems and participate in relevant biological functions. In pathological conditions, such as vitiligo, oxidized pterins accumulate in the white skin patches of patients suffering this depigmentation disorder. It is known that pterins are able to photosensitize damage in nucleotides and DNA by type I (electron transfer) and type II (singlet oxygen) mechanisms. Recently, it has been demonstrated that proteins and its components may also be damaged when solutions containing both proteins and pterin are exposed to UV-A radiation. Therefore, given the biological and medical relevance of the photosensitizing properties of these molecules, we present in this article an overview of the capability of different pterin derivatives to photoinduce damage in proteins present in the skin, focusing our attention on the chemical modifications of tyrosine and tryptophan residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Dantola
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Lara O. Reid
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Carolina Castaño
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Carolina Lorente
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
| | - Esther Oliveros
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique (IMRCP), UMR 5623-CNRS/UPS , Université Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier ), 118, route de Narbonne , F-31062 Toulouse Cédex 9 , France
| | - Andrés H. Thomas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT La Plata-CONICET , Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina
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37
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Vignoni M, Walalawela N, Bonesi SM, Greer A, Thomas AH. Lipophilic Decyl Chain–Pterin Conjugates with Sensitizer Properties. Mol Pharm 2017; 15:798-807. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vignoni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Niluksha Walalawela
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Sergio M. Bonesi
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, 3er Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alexander Greer
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Andrés H. Thomas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CCT La Plata-CONICET, Casilla de Correo 16, Sucursal 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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38
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Justiniano R, Williams JD, Perer J, Hua A, Lesson J, Park SL, Wondrak GT. The B 6 -vitamer Pyridoxal is a Sensitizer of UVA-induced Genotoxic Stress in Human Primary Keratinocytes and Reconstructed Epidermis. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:990-998. [PMID: 28083878 DOI: 10.1111/php.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
UVA-driven photooxidative stress in human skin may originate from excitation of specific endogenous chromophores acting as photosensitizers. Previously, we have demonstrated that 3-hydroxypyridine-derived chromophores including B6 -vitamers (pyridoxine, pyridoxamine and pyridoxal) are endogenous photosensitizers that enhance UVA-induced photooxidative stress in human skin cells. Here, we report that the B6 -vitamer pyridoxal is a sensitizer of genotoxic stress in human adult primary keratinocytes (HEKa) and reconstructed epidermis. Comparative array analysis indicated that exposure to the combined action of pyridoxal and UVA caused upregulation of heat shock (HSPA6, HSPA1A, HSPA1L, HSPA2), redox (GSTM3, EGR1, MT2A, HMOX1, SOD1) and genotoxic (GADD45A, DDIT3, CDKN1A) stress response gene expression. Together with potentiation of UVA-induced photooxidative stress and glutathione depletion, induction of HEKa cell death occurred only in response to the combined action of pyridoxal and UVA. In addition to activational phosphorylation indicative of genotoxic stress [p53 (Ser15) and γ-H2AX (Ser139)], comet analysis indicated the formation of Fpg-sensitive oxidative DNA lesions, observable only after combined exposure to pyridoxal and UVA. In human reconstructed epidermis, pyridoxal preincubation followed by UVA exposure caused genomic oxidative base damage, procaspase 3 cleavage and TUNEL positivity, consistent with UVA-driven photooxidative damage that may be relevant to human skin exposed to high concentrations of B6 -vitamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Justiniano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Joshua D Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Jessica Perer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Anh Hua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Jessica Lesson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Sophia L Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Georg T Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy and UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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39
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DiScipio RM, Santiago RY, Taylor D, Crespo-Hernández CE. Electronic relaxation pathways of the biologically relevant pterin chromophore. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12720-12729. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01574g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond-to-microsecond transient absorption spectroscopy is used to report the ultrafast relaxation mechanism of 2-amino-1H-pteridin-4-one (pterin) for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. M. DiScipio
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Dynamics
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - R. Y. Santiago
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Dynamics
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - D. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Dynamics
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
| | - C. E. Crespo-Hernández
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Dynamics
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland
- USA
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