1
|
Padget RL, Zeitz MJ, Blair GA, Wu X, North MD, Tanenbaum MT, Stanley KE, Phillips CM, King DR, Lamouille S, Gourdie RG, Hoeker GS, Swanger SA, Poelzing S, Smyth JW. Acute Adenoviral Infection Elicits an Arrhythmogenic Substrate Prior to Myocarditis. Circ Res 2024; 134:892-912. [PMID: 38415360 PMCID: PMC11003857 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.322437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral cardiac infection represents a significant clinical challenge encompassing several etiological agents, disease stages, complex presentation, and a resulting lack of mechanistic understanding. Myocarditis is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in young adults, where current knowledge in the field is dominated by later disease phases and pathological immune responses. However, little is known regarding how infection can acutely induce an arrhythmogenic substrate before significant immune responses. Adenovirus is a leading cause of myocarditis, but due to species specificity, models of infection are lacking, and it is not understood how adenoviral infection may underlie sudden cardiac arrest. Mouse adenovirus type-3 was previously reported as cardiotropic, yet it has not been utilized to understand the mechanisms of cardiac infection and pathology. METHODS We have developed mouse adenovirus type-3 infection as a model to investigate acute cardiac infection and molecular alterations to the infected heart before an appreciable immune response or gross cardiomyopathy. RESULTS Optical mapping of infected hearts exposes decreases in conduction velocity concomitant with increased Cx43Ser368 phosphorylation, a residue known to regulate gap junction function. Hearts from animals harboring a phospho-null mutation at Cx43Ser368 are protected against mouse adenovirus type-3-induced conduction velocity slowing. Additional to gap junction alterations, patch clamping of mouse adenovirus type-3-infected adult mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes reveals prolonged action potential duration as a result of decreased IK1 and IKs current density. Turning to human systems, we find human adenovirus type-5 increases phosphorylation of Cx43Ser368 and disrupts synchrony in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, indicating common mechanisms with our mouse whole heart and adult cardiomyocyte data. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings demonstrate that adenoviral infection creates an arrhythmogenic substrate through direct targeting of gap junction and ion channel function in the heart. Such alterations are known to precipitate arrhythmias and likely contribute to sudden cardiac death in acutely infected patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Padget
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Michael J. Zeitz
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Grace A. Blair
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wu
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Michael D. North
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | | | - Kari E. Stanley
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Chelsea M. Phillips
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - D. Ryan King
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Samy Lamouille
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Robert G. Gourdie
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Gregory S. Hoeker
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
| | - Sharon A. Swanger
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Steven Poelzing
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - James W. Smyth
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Center for Vascular and Heart Research, FBRI at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, College of Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Silnitsky S, Rubin SJS, Zerihun M, Qvit N. An Update on Protein Kinases as Therapeutic Targets-Part I: Protein Kinase C Activation and Its Role in Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17600. [PMID: 38139428 PMCID: PMC10743896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases are one of the most significant drug targets in the human proteome, historically harnessed for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and a growing number of other conditions, including autoimmune and inflammatory processes. Since the approval of the first kinase inhibitors in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the field has grown exponentially, comprising 98 approved therapeutics to date, 37 of which were approved between 2016 and 2021. While many of these small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors that interact orthosterically with the protein kinase ATP binding pocket have been massively successful for oncological indications, their poor selectively for protein kinase isozymes have limited them due to toxicities in their application to other disease spaces. Thus, recent attention has turned to the use of alternative allosteric binding mechanisms and improved drug platforms such as modified peptides to design protein kinase modulators with enhanced selectivity and other pharmacological properties. Herein we review the role of different protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in cancer and cardiovascular disease, with particular attention to PKC-family inhibitors. We discuss translational examples and carefully consider the advantages and limitations of each compound (Part I). We also discuss the recent advances in the field of protein kinase modulators, leverage molecular docking to model inhibitor-kinase interactions, and propose mechanisms of action that will aid in the design of next-generation protein kinase modulators (Part II).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shmuel Silnitsky
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Henrietta Szold St. 8, Safed 1311502, Israel; (S.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Samuel J. S. Rubin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Mulate Zerihun
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Henrietta Szold St. 8, Safed 1311502, Israel; (S.S.); (M.Z.)
| | - Nir Qvit
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University, Henrietta Szold St. 8, Safed 1311502, Israel; (S.S.); (M.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kataria R, Kaur S, Kaundal R. Deciphering the complete human-monkeypox virus interactome: Identifying immune responses and potential drug targets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1116988. [PMID: 37051239 PMCID: PMC10083500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1116988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a dsDNA virus, belonging to Poxviridae family. The outbreak of monkeypox disease in humans is critical in European and Western countries, owing to its origin in African regions. The highest number of cases of the disease were found in the United States, followed by Spain and Brazil. Understanding the complete infection mechanism of diverse MPXV strains and their interaction with humans is important for therapeutic drug development, and to avoid any future epidemics. Using computational systems biology, we deciphered the genome-wide protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between 22 MPXV strains and human proteome. Based on phylogenomics and disease severity, 3 different strains of MPXV: Zaire-96-I-16, MPXV-UK_P2, and MPXV_USA_2022_MA001 were selected for comparative functional analysis of the proteins involved in the interactions. On an average, we predicted around 92,880 non-redundant PPIs between human and MPXV proteomes, involving 8014 host and 116 pathogen proteins from the 3 strains. The gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed 10,624 common GO terms in which the host proteins of 3 strains were highly enriched. These include significant GO terms such as platelet activation (GO:0030168), GABA-A receptor complex (GO:1902711), and metalloendopeptidase activity (GO:0004222). The host proteins were also significantly enriched in calcium signaling pathway (hsa04020), MAPK signaling pathway (hsa04010), and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels (hsa04750). These significantly enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways are known to be implicated in immunomodulatory and therapeutic role in humans during viral infection. The protein hubs analysis revealed that most of the MPXV proteins form hubs with the protein kinases and AGC kinase C-terminal domains. Furthermore, subcellular localization revealed that most of the human proteins were localized in cytoplasm (29.22%) and nucleus (26.79%). A few drugs including Fostamatinib, Tamoxifen and others were identified as potential drug candidates against the monkeypox virus disease. This study reports the genome-scale PPIs elucidation in human-monkeypox virus pathosystem, thus facilitating the research community with functional insights into the monkeypox disease infection mechanism and augment the drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghav Kataria
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Logan, United States
| | - Simardeep Kaur
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Logan, United States
- Bioinformatics Facility, Center for Integrated BioSystems, Logan, United States
- Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Department of Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Logan, United States
- Bioinformatics Facility, Center for Integrated BioSystems, Logan, United States
- Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vanderboom PM, Mun DG, Madugundu AK, Mangalaparthi KK, Saraswat M, Garapati K, Chakraborty R, Ebihara H, Sun J, Pandey A. Proteomic Signature of Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Nasopharynx. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100134. [PMID: 34400346 PMCID: PMC8363427 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has become a global health pandemic. COVID-19 severity ranges from an asymptomatic infection to a severe multiorgan disease. Although the inflammatory response has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, the exact nature of dysregulation in signaling pathways has not yet been elucidated, underscoring the need for further molecular characterization of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans. Here, we characterize the host response directly at the point of viral entry through analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs. Multiplexed high-resolution MS-based proteomic analysis of confirmed COVID-19 cases and negative controls identified 7582 proteins and revealed significant upregulation of interferon-mediated antiviral signaling in addition to multiple other proteins that are not encoded by interferon-stimulated genes or well characterized during viral infections. Downregulation of several proteasomal subunits, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and components of protein synthesis machinery was significant upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Targeted proteomics to measure abundance levels of MX1, ISG15, STAT1, RIG-I, and CXCL10 detected proteomic signatures of interferon-mediated antiviral signaling that differentiated COVID-19-positive from COVID-19-negative cases. Phosphoproteomic analysis revealed increased phosphorylation of several proteins with known antiviral properties as well as several proteins involved in ciliary function (CEP131 and CFAP57) that have not previously been implicated in the context of coronavirus infections. In addition, decreased phosphorylation levels of AKT and PKC, which have been shown to play varying roles in different viral infections, were observed in infected individuals relative to controls. These data provide novel insights that add depth to our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper airway and establish a proteomic signature for this viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Vanderboom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dong-Gi Mun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anil K Madugundu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Mayank Saraswat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishore Garapati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Rana Chakraborty
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hideki Ebihara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- The Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Center for Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jakhmola S, Indari O, Kashyap D, Varshney N, Das A, Manivannan E, Jha HC. Mutational analysis of structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06572. [PMID: 33778179 PMCID: PMC7980187 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility is higher than that of other human coronaviruses; therefore, it poses a threat to the populated communities. We investigated mutations among envelope (E), membrane (M), and spike (S) proteins from different isolates of SARS-CoV-2 and plausible signaling influenced by mutated virus in a host. We procured updated protein sequences from the NCBI virus database. Mutations were analyzed in the retrieved sequences of the viral proteins through multiple sequence alignment. Additionally, the data was subjected to ScanPROSITE to analyse if the mutations generated a relevant sequence for host signaling. Unique mutations in E, M, and S proteins resulted in modification sites like PKC phosphorylation and N-myristoylation sites. Based on structural analysis, our study revealed that the D614G mutation in the S protein diminished the interaction with T859 and K854 of adjacent chains. Moreover, the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 consists of an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptide sequence, which could potentially interact with various members of integrin family receptors. RGD sequence in S protein might aid in the initial virus attachment. We speculated crucial host pathways which the mutated isolates of SARS-CoV-2 may alter like PKC, Src, and integrin mediated signaling pathways. PKC signaling is known to influence the caveosome/raft pathway which is critical for virus entry. Additionally, the myristoylated proteins might activate NF-κB, a master molecule of inflammation. Thus the mutations may contribute to the disease pathogenesis and distinct lung pathophysiological changes. Further the frequently occurring mutations in the protein can be studied for possible therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Jakhmola
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Omkar Indari
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Dharmendra Kashyap
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Nidhi Varshney
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Ayan Das
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | | | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Calhoun PJ, Phan AV, Taylor JD, James CC, Padget RL, Zeitz MJ, Smyth JW. Adenovirus targets transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms to limit gap junction function. FASEB J 2020; 34:9694-9712. [PMID: 32485054 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000667r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviruses are responsible for a spectrum of pathogenesis including viral myocarditis. The gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43, gene name GJA1) facilitates rapid propagation of action potentials necessary for each heartbeat. Gap junctions also propagate innate and adaptive antiviral immune responses, but how viruses may target these structures is not understood. Given this immunological role of Cx43, we hypothesized that gap junctions would be targeted during adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) infection. We find reduced Cx43 protein levels due to decreased GJA1 mRNA transcripts dependent upon β-catenin transcriptional activity during Ad5 infection, with early viral protein E4orf1 sufficient to induce β-catenin phosphorylation. Loss of gap junction function occurs prior to reduced Cx43 protein levels with Ad5 infection rapidly inducing Cx43 phosphorylation events consistent with altered gap junction conductance. Direct Cx43 interaction with ZO-1 plays a critical role in gap junction regulation. We find loss of Cx43/ZO-1 complexing during Ad5 infection by co-immunoprecipitation and complementary studies in human induced pluripotent stem cell derived-cardiomyocytes reveal Cx43 gap junction remodeling by reduced ZO-1 complexing. These findings reveal specific targeting of gap junction function by Ad5 leading to loss of intercellular communication which would contribute to dangerous pathological states including arrhythmias in infected hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Calhoun
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Allen V Phan
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | | | - Carissa C James
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Rachel L Padget
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Michael J Zeitz
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - James W Smyth
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim JY, Lee YM, Kim DW, Min T, Lee SJ. Nanosphere Loaded with Curcumin Inhibits the Gastrointestinal Cell Death Signaling Pathway Induced by the Foodborne Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030631. [PMID: 32151068 PMCID: PMC7140471 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a hydrophobic polyphenol of turmeric, has a variety of biological functions as a herbal supplement, but its poor gastric absorption rate is one of the major factors limiting its oral bioavailability. In the present study, we have investigated the functional role of a nanosphere loaded with curcumin (CN) during host cell death elicited by the Gram-negative bacterium V. vulnificus in human gastrointestinal epithelial HT-29 cells and an ileal-ligated mouse model. The recombinant protein (r) VvhA produced by V. vulnificus significantly reduced the viability of HT-29 cells. The cytotoxic effect of rVvhA was restored upon a treatment with CN (100 ng/mL), which had shown 1000-fold higher anti-apoptotic efficacy than curcumin. CN inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Src and PKC mediated by intracellular ROS responsible for the distinctive activation of the MAPKs in rVvhA-treated HT-29 cells. Interestingly, CN significantly restored the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 as regulated by the phosphorylation of NF-κB. In mouse models of V. vulnificus infection, treatment with CN had a blocking effect that elevated the levels of TUNEL-positive DNA fragmentation and apoptosis-related proteins. These results indicate that CN is a functional agent that manipulates the V. vulnificus VvhA signaling pathway responsible for gastrointestinal cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
| | - Young-Min Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
| | - Do-Wan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
| | - Taesun Min
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (S.-J.L.); Tel.: +82-54-819-1806 (S.-J.L.)
| | - Sei-Jung Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (S.-J.L.); Tel.: +82-54-819-1806 (S.-J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mystery eye: Human adenovirus and the enigma of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 76:100826. [PMID: 31891773 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.100826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Known to occur in widespread outbreaks, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) is a severe ocular surface infection with a strong historical association with human adenovirus (HAdV). While the conjunctival manifestations can vary from mild follicular conjunctivitis to hyper-acute, exudative conjunctivitis with formation of conjunctival membranes, EKC is distinct as the only form of adenovirus conjunctivitis in which the cornea is also involved, likely due to the specific corneal epithelial tropism of its causative viral agents. The initial development of a punctate or geographic epithelial keratitis may herald the later formation of stromal keratitis, and manifest as subepithelial infiltrates which often persist or recur for months to years after the acute infection has resolved. The chronic keratitis in EKC is associated with foreign body sensation, photophobia, glare, and reduced vision. However, over a century since the first clinical descriptions of EKC, and over 60 years since the first causative agent, human adenovirus type 8, was identified, our understanding of this disorder remains limited. This is underscored by a current lack of effective diagnostic tools and treatments. In part, stasis in our knowledge base has been encouraged by the continued acceptance, and indeed propagation of, inaccurate paradigms pertaining to disease etiology and pathogenesis, particularly with regard to mechanisms of innate and adaptive immunity within the cornea. Owing to its often persistent and medically refractory visual sequelae, reconsideration of key aspects of EKC disease biology is warranted to identify new treatment targets to curb its worldwide socioeconomic burden.
Collapse
|
9
|
Taverner WK, Jacobus EJ, Christianson J, Champion B, Paton AW, Paton JC, Su W, Cawood R, Seymour LW, Lei-Rossmann J. Calcium Influx Caused by ER Stress Inducers Enhances Oncolytic Adenovirus Enadenotucirev Replication and Killing through PKCα Activation. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2019; 15:117-130. [PMID: 31890865 PMCID: PMC6931121 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses represent an emerging approach to cancer therapy. However, better understanding of their interaction with the host cancer cell and approaches to enhance their efficacy are needed. Here, we investigate the effect of chemically induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on the activity of the chimeric group B adenovirus Enadenotucirev, its closely related parental virus Ad11p, and the archetypal group C oncolytic adenovirus Ad5. We show that treatment of colorectal and ovarian cancer cell lines with thapsigargin or ionomycin caused an influx of Ca2+, leading to an upregulation in E1A transcript and protein levels. Increased E1A protein levels, in turn, increased levels of expression of the E2B viral DNA polymerase, genome replication, late viral protein expression, infectious virus particle production, and cell killing during Enadenotucirev and Ad11p, but not Ad5, infection. This effect was not due to the induction of ER stress, but rather the influx of extracellular Ca2+ and consequent increase in protein kinase C activity. These results underscore the importance of Ca2+ homeostasis during adenoviral infection, indicate a signaling pathway between protein kinase C and E1A, and raise the possibility of using Ca2+ flux-modulating agents in the manufacture and potentiation of oncolytic virotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William K. Taverner
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Egon J. Jacobus
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - John Christianson
- NDORMS, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Brian Champion
- PsiOxus Therapeutics, Ltd., Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 3YS, UK
| | - Adrienne W. Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - James C. Paton
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia
| | - Weiheng Su
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Ryan Cawood
- Oxford Genetics Ltd., Medawar Centre, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford OX4 4HG, UK
| | - Len W. Seymour
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Janet Lei-Rossmann
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ismail AM, Zhou X, Dyer DW, Seto D, Rajaiya J, Chodosh J. Genomic foundations of evolution and ocular pathogenesis in human adenovirus species D. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:3583-3608. [PMID: 31769017 PMCID: PMC7185199 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus commonly causes infections of respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and ocular surface mucosae. Although most adenovirus eye infections are mild and self-limited, specific viruses within human adenovirus species D are associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), a severe and highly contagious ocular surface infection, which can lead to chronic and/or recurrent, visually disabling keratitis. In this review, we discuss the links between adenovirus ontogeny, genomics, immune responses, and corneal pathogenesis, for those viruses that cause EKC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashrafali M. Ismail
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David W. Dyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Donald Seto
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
| | - Jaya Rajaiya
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
González-Morales A, Zabaleta A, Guruceaga E, Alonso MM, García-Moure M, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E. Spatial and temporal proteome dynamics of glioma cells during oncolytic adenovirus Delta-24-RGD infection. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31045-31065. [PMID: 30123426 PMCID: PMC6089549 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of malignant glioma. Oncolytic adenoviruses are being modified to exploit the aberrant expression of proteins in tumor cells to increase the antiglioma efficacy. E1A mutant adenovirus Delta-24-RGD (DNX-2401) has shown a favorable toxicity profile and remarkable efficacy in a first-in-human phase I clinical trial. However, the comprehensive modulation of glioma metabolism in response to Delta-24-RGD infection is poorly understood. Integrating mass spectrometry based-quantitative proteomics, physical and functional interaction data, and biochemical approaches, we conducted a cell-wide study of cytosolic, nuclear, and secreted glioma proteomes throughout the early time course of Delta-24-RGD infection. In addition to the severe proteostasis impairment detected during the first hours post-infection (hpi), Delta-24-RGD induces a transient inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and transcription factor AP-1 (c-JUN) between 3 and 10hpi, increasing the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity at 6hpi. Furthermore, Delta-24-RGD specifically modulates the activation dynamics of protein kinase C (PKC), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathways early in infection. At extracellular level, Delta-24-RGD triggers a time -dependent dynamic production of multitasking cytokines, and chemotactic factors, suggesting potential pleiotropic effects on the immune system reactivation. Taken together, these data help us to understand the mechanisms used by Delta-24-RGD to exploit glioma proteome organization. Further mining of this proteomic resource may enable design and engineering complementary adenoviral based-vectors to increase the specificity and potency against glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea González-Morales
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aintzane Zabaleta
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Oncohematology Area, University Hospital of Navarra, Center for Applied Medical Research, CIBERONC, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Guruceaga
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Bioinformatics Unit, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta M Alonso
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Foundation for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marc García-Moure
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Foundation for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Group, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain.,IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Irunlarrea, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lam JGT, Vadia S, Pathak-Sharma S, McLaughlin E, Zhang X, Swanson J, Seveau S. Host cell perforation by listeriolysin O (LLO) activates a Ca 2+-dependent cPKC/Rac1/Arp2/3 signaling pathway that promotes Listeria monocytogenes internalization independently of membrane resealing. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 29:270-284. [PMID: 29187576 PMCID: PMC5996962 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-09-0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Host cell invasion is an indispensable step for a successful infection by intracellular pathogens. Recent studies identified pathogen-induced host cell plasma membrane perforation as a novel mechanism used by diverse pathogens (Trypanosoma cruzi, Listeria monocytogenes, and adenovirus) to promote their internalization into target cells. It was concluded that T. cruzi and adenovirus damage the host cell plasma membrane to hijack the endocytic-dependent membrane resealing machinery, thereby invading the host cell. We studied L. monocytogenes and its secreted pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) to identify key signaling events activated upon plasma membrane perforation that lead to bacterial internalization. Using various approaches, including fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging, we found that the influx of extracellular Ca2+ subsequent to LLO-mediated plasma membrane perforation is required for the activation of a conventional protein kinase C (cPKC). cPKC is positioned upstream of Rac1 and the Arp2/3 complex, which activation leads to F-actin--dependent bacterial internalization. Inhibition of this pathway did not prevent membrane resealing, revealing that perforation-dependent L. monocytogenes endocytosis is distinct from the resealing machinery. These studies identified the LLO-dependent endocytic pathway of L. monocytogenes and support a novel model for pathogen uptake promoted by plasma membrane injury that is independent of membrane resealing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G T Lam
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Stephen Vadia
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sarika Pathak-Sharma
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Eric McLaughlin
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Joel Swanson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5624
| | - Stephanie Seveau
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210 .,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| |
Collapse
|