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Kim D, Whang CH, Hong J, Prayogo MC, Jung W, Lee S, Shin H, Kim Y, Yu J, Kim MJ, Kim K, Lee HS, Jon S. Glycocalyx-Mimicking Nanoparticles with Differential Organ Selectivity for Drug Delivery and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311283. [PMID: 38489768 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Organ-selective drug delivery is expected to maximize the efficacy of various therapeutic modalities while minimizing their systemic toxicity. Lipid nanoparticles and polymersomes can direct the organ-selective delivery of mRNAs or gene editing machineries, but their delivery is limited to mostly liver, spleen, and lung. A platform that enables delivery to these and other target organs is urgently needed. Here, a library of glycocalyx-mimicking nanoparticles (GlyNPs) comprising five randomly combined sugar moieties is generated, and direct in vivo library screening is used to identify GlyNPs with preferential biodistribution in liver, spleen, lung, kidneys, heart, and brain. Each organ-targeting GlyNP hit show cellular tropism within the organ. Liver, kidney, and spleen-targeting GlyNP hits equipped with therapeutics effectively can alleviate the symptoms of acetaminophen-induced liver injury, cisplatin-induced kidney injury, and immune thrombocytopenia in mice, respectively. Furthermore, the differential organ targeting of GlyNP hits is influenced not by the protein corona but by the sugar moieties displayed on their surface. It is envisioned that the GlyNP-based platform may enable the organ- and cell-targeted delivery of therapeutic cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyeon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Whang
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures (CMCA), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Monica Celine Prayogo
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonsik Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yu
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Joong Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Digital Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88, Olympic-ro, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures (CMCA), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute of BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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Houvast RD, Badr N, March T, de Muynck LDAN, Sier VQ, Schomann T, Bhairosingh S, Baart VM, Peeters JAHM, van Westen GJP, Plückthun A, Burggraaf J, Kuppen PJK, Vahrmeijer AL, Sier CFM. Preclinical evaluation of EpCAM-binding designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) as targeting moieties for bimodal near-infrared fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging of cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:2179-2192. [PMID: 37642704 PMCID: PMC11178671 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) can play a key role in improving radical resection rates by assisting surgeons to gain adequate visualization of malignant tissue intraoperatively. Designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) possess optimal pharmacokinetic and other properties for in vivo imaging. This study aims to evaluate the preclinical potential of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-binding DARPins as targeting moieties for near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging of cancer. METHODS EpCAM-binding DARPins Ac2, Ec4.1, and non-binding control DARPin Off7 were conjugated to IRDye 800CW and their binding efficacy was evaluated on EpCAM-positive HT-29 and EpCAM-negative COLO-320 human colon cancer cell lines. Thereafter, NIRF and PA imaging of all three conjugates were performed in HT-29_luc2 tumor-bearing mice. At 24 h post-injection, tumors and organs were resected and tracer biodistributions were analyzed. RESULTS Ac2-800CW and Ec4.1-800CW specifically bound to HT-29 cells, but not to COLO-320 cells. Next, 6 nmol and 24 h were established as the optimal in vivo dose and imaging time point for both DARPin tracers. At 24 h post-injection, mean tumor-to-background ratios of 2.60 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.3 were observed for Ac2-800CW and Ec4.1-800CW, respectively, allowing clear tumor delineation using the clinical Artemis NIRF imager. Biodistribution analyses in non-neoplastic tissue solely showed high fluorescence signal in the liver and kidney, which reflects the clearance of the DARPin tracers. CONCLUSION Our encouraging results show that EpCAM-binding DARPins are a promising class of targeting moieties for pan-carcinoma targeting, providing clear tumor delineation at 24 h post-injection. The work described provides the preclinical foundation for DARPin-based bimodal NIRF/PA imaging of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben D Houvast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Nada Badr
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Taryn March
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vincent Q Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Timo Schomann
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shadhvi Bhairosingh
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Victor M Baart
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Judith A H M Peeters
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard J P van Westen
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andreas Plückthun
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacobus Burggraaf
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cornelis F M Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Chazeau E, Fabre C, Privat M, Godard A, Racoeur C, Bodio E, Busser B, Wegner KD, Sancey L, Paul C, Goze C. Comparison of the In Vitro and In Vivo Behavior of a Series of NIR-II-Emitting Aza-BODIPYs Containing Different Water-Solubilizing Groups and Their Trastuzumab Antibody Conjugates. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3679-3691. [PMID: 38393818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of new fluorescent organic probes effective in the NIR-II region is currently a fast-growing field and represents a challenge in the domain of medical imaging. In this study, we have designed and synthesized an innovative series of aza-boron dipyrromethenes emitting in the NIR-II region. We have investigated the effect of different water-solubilizing groups not only on the photophysical properties of the compounds but also on their in vitro and in vivo performance after bioconjugation to the antibody trastuzumab. Remarkably, we discovered that the most lipophilic compound unexpectedly displayed the most favorable in vivo properties after bioconjugation. This underlines the profound influence that the fluorophore functionalization approach can have on the efficiency of the resulting imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Chazeau
- ICMUB, UMR 6302 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9 av. A. Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris 75000, France
- LIIC, EA7269, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Christol Fabre
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble 38000, France
- Grenoble Alpes University Hospital (CHUGA), Grenoble 38043, France
| | - Malorie Privat
- ICMUB, UMR 6302 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9 av. A. Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
| | - Amélie Godard
- ICMUB, UMR 6302 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9 av. A. Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
| | - Cindy Racoeur
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris 75000, France
- LIIC, EA7269, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Ewen Bodio
- ICMUB, UMR 6302 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9 av. A. Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
| | - Benoit Busser
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble 38000, France
- Grenoble Alpes University Hospital (CHUGA), Grenoble 38043, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris 75005, France
| | - K David Wegner
- Division Biophotonics, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Catherine Paul
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers, EPHE, PSL Research University, Paris 75000, France
- LIIC, EA7269, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon 21000, France
| | - Christine Goze
- ICMUB, UMR 6302 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9 av. A. Savary, BP 47870, Dijon 21078, France
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Jiang G, Liu H, Liu H, Ke G, Ren TB, Xiong B, Zhang XB, Yuan L. Chemical Approaches to Optimize the Properties of Organic Fluorophores for Imaging and Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315217. [PMID: 38081782 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Organic fluorophores are indispensable tools in cells, tissue and in vivo imaging, and have enabled much progress in the wide range of biological and biomedical fields. However, many available dyes suffer from insufficient performances, such as short absorption and emission wavelength, low brightness, poor stability, small Stokes shift, and unsuitable permeability, restricting their application in advanced imaging technology and complex imaging. Over the past two decades, many efforts have been made to improve these performances of fluorophores. Starting with the luminescence principle of fluorophores, this review clarifies the mechanisms of the insufficient performance for traditional fluorophores to a certain extent, systematically summarizes the modified approaches of optimizing properties, highlights the typical applications of the improved fluorophores in imaging and sensing, and indicates existing problems and challenges in this area. This progress not only proves the significance of improving fluorophores properties, but also provide a theoretical guidance for the development of high-performance fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangwei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Guoliang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Bing Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Lin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
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Chauhan P, V R, Kumar M, Molla R, Mishra SD, Basa S, Rai V. Chemical technology principles for selective bioconjugation of proteins and antibodies. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:380-449. [PMID: 38095227 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00715d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Proteins are multifunctional large organic compounds that constitute an essential component of a living system. Hence, control over their bioconjugation impacts science at the chemistry-biology-medicine interface. A chemical toolbox for their precision engineering can boost healthcare and open a gateway for directed or precision therapeutics. Such a chemical toolbox remained elusive for a long time due to the complexity presented by the large pool of functional groups. The precise single-site modification of a protein requires a method to address a combination of selectivity attributes. This review focuses on guiding principles that can segregate them to simplify the task for a chemical method. Such a disintegration systematically employs a multi-step chemical transformation to deconvolute the selectivity challenges. It constitutes a disintegrate (DIN) theory that offers additional control parameters for tuning precision in protein bioconjugation. This review outlines the selectivity hurdles faced by chemical methods. It elaborates on the developments in the perspective of DIN theory to demonstrate simultaneous regulation of reactivity, chemoselectivity, site-selectivity, modularity, residue specificity, and protein specificity. It discusses the progress of such methods to construct protein and antibody conjugates for biologics, including antibody-fluorophore and antibody-drug conjugates (AFCs and ADCs). It also briefs how this knowledge can assist in developing small molecule-based covalent inhibitors. In the process, it highlights an opportunity for hypothesis-driven routes to accelerate discoveries of selective methods and establish new targetome in the precision engineering of proteins and antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
| | - Ragendu V
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
| | - Mohan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
| | - Rajib Molla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
| | - Surya Dev Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
| | - Sneha Basa
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
| | - Vishal Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, 462 066, India.
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Matsuoka K, Yamada M, Fukatsu N, Goto K, Shimizu M, Kato A, Kato Y, Yukawa H, Baba Y, Sato M, Sato K. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging for monitoring the efficacy of near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. EBioMedicine 2023; 95:104737. [PMID: 37558554 PMCID: PMC10505829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a promising cancer therapy combining NIR-light irradiation with an antibody and IR700DX, a light-sensitive substance, to destroy tumours. However, homogeneous irradiation is difficult because the light varies depending on the distance and tissue environment. Therefore, markers that indicate sufficient irradiation are necessary. Nanoparticles sized 10∼200 nm show enhanced permeation and retention within tumours, which is further enhanced via NIR-PIT (super enhanced permeability and retention, SUPR). We aimed to monitor the effectiveness of NIR-PIT by measuring SUPR. METHODS A xenograft mouse tumour model was established by inoculating human cancer cells in both buttocks of Balb/C-nu/nu mice, and NIR-PIT was performed on only one side. To evaluate SUPR, fluorescent signal examination was performed using QD800-fluorescent nanoparticles and NIR-fluorescent poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolic acid) (NIR-PLGA) microparticles. Harmonic signals were evaluated using micro-bubbles of the contrast agent Sonazoid and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging. The correlation between SUPR immediately after treatment and NIR-PIT effectiveness on the day after treatment was evaluated. FINDINGS QD800 fluorescent signals persisted only in the treated tumours, and the intensity of remaining signals showed high positive correlation with the therapeutic effect. NIR-PLGA fluorescent signals and Sonazoid-derived harmonic signals remained for a longer time in the treated tumours than in the controls, and the kE value of the two-compartment model correlated with NIR-PIT effectiveness. INTERPRETATION SUPR measurement using Sonazoid and CEUS imaging could be easily adapted for clinical use as a therapeutic image-based biomarker for monitoring and confirming of NIR-PIT efficacy. FUNDING This research was supported by ARIM JAPAN of MEXT, the Program for Developing Next-generation Researchers (Japan Science and Technology Agency), KAKEN (18K15923, 21K07217) (JSPS), CREST (JPMJCR19H2, JST), and FOREST-Souhatsu (JST). Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research; Takeda Science Foundation; The Japan Health Foundation; and Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund. Funders only provided financial support and had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, and writing of the report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsuoka
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Mizuki Yamada
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Noriaki Fukatsu
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Japan
| | - Kyoichi Goto
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Japan
| | - Ayako Kato
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kato
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan; Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Japan; National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science, Japan; Development of Quantum-nano Cancer Photoimmunotherapy for Clinical Application of Refractory Cancer, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Japan; Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Japan; National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Institute for Quantum Life Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science, Japan; Development of Quantum-nano Cancer Photoimmunotherapy for Clinical Application of Refractory Cancer, Nagoya University, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Sato
- Division of Host Defense Sciences, Dept. of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Japan; Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Japan; Development of Quantum-nano Cancer Photoimmunotherapy for Clinical Application of Refractory Cancer, Nagoya University, Japan; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; FOREST-Souhatsu, JST, Tokyo, Japan.
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Usama SM, Marker SC, Li DH, Caldwell DR, Stroet M, Patel NL, Tebo AG, Hernot S, Kalen JD, Schnermann M. Method To Diversify Cyanine Chromophore Functionality Enables Improved Biomolecule Tracking and Intracellular Imaging. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37367935 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Heptamethine indocyanines are invaluable probes for near-infrared (NIR) imaging. Despite broad use, there are only a few synthetic methods to assemble these molecules, and each has significant limitations. Here, we report the use of pyridinium benzoxazole (PyBox) salts as heptamethine indocyanine precursors. This method is high yielding, simple to implement, and provides access to previously unknown chromophore functionality. We applied this method to create molecules to address two outstanding objectives in NIR fluorescence imaging. First, we used an iterative approach to develop molecules for protein-targeted tumor imaging. When compared to common NIR fluorophores, the optimized probe increases the tumor specificity of monoclonal antibody (mAb) and nanobody conjugates. Second, we developed cyclizing heptamethine indocyanines with the goal of improving cellular uptake and fluorogenic properties. By modifying both the electrophilic and nucleophilic components, we demonstrate that the solvent sensitivity of the ring-open/ring-closed equilibrium can be modified over a wide range. We then show that a chloroalkane derivative of a compound with tuned cyclization properties undergoes particularly efficient no-wash live cell imaging using organelle-targeted HaloTag self-labeling proteins. Overall, the chemistry reported here broadens the scope of accessible chromophore functionality, and, in turn, enables the discovery of NIR probes with promising properties for advanced imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Usama
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Sierra C Marker
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Dong-Hao Li
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Donald R Caldwell
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Marcus Stroet
- Laboratory for in Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging, ICMI-BEFY/MIMA, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nimit L Patel
- Small Animal Imaging Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Alison G Tebo
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Sophie Hernot
- Laboratory for in Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging, ICMI-BEFY/MIMA, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joseph D Kalen
- Small Animal Imaging Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Martin Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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García de Jalón E, Kleinmanns K, Fosse V, Davidson B, Bjørge L, Haug BE, McCormack E. Comparison of Five Near-Infrared Fluorescent Folate Conjugates in an Ovarian Cancer Model. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:144-155. [PMID: 34888759 PMCID: PMC9971101 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01685-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fluorescence imaging (FLI) using targeted near-infrared (NIR) conjugates aids the detection of tumour lesions pre- and intraoperatively. The optimisation of tumour visualisation and contrast is essential and can be achieved through high tumour-specificity and low background signal. However, the choice of fluorophore is recognised to alter biodistribution and clearance of conjugates and is therefore a determining factor in the specificity of target binding. Although ZW800-1, IRDye® 800CW and ICG are the most commonly employed NIR fluorophores in clinical settings, the fluorophore with optimal in vivo characteristics has yet to be determined. Therefore, we aimed to characterise the impact the choice of fluorophore has on the biodistribution, specificity and contrast, by comparing five different NIR fluorophores conjugated to folate, in an ovarian cancer model. PROCEDURES ZW800-1, ZW800-1 Forte, IRDye® 800CW, ICG-OSu and an in-house synthesised Cy7 derivative were conjugated to folate through an ethylenediamine linker resulting in conjugates 1-5, respectively. The optical properties of all conjugates were determined by spectroscopy, the specificity was assessed in vitro by flow cytometry and FLI, and the biodistribution was studied in vivo and ex vivo in a subcutaneous Skov-3 ovarian cancer model. RESULTS We demonstrated time- and receptor-dependent binding of folate conjugates in vitro and in vivo. Healthy tissue clearance characteristics and tumour-specific signal varied between conjugates 1-5. ZW800-1 Forte (2) revealed the highest contrast in folate receptor alpha (FRα)-positive xenografts and showed statistically significant target specificity. While conjugates 1, 2 and 3 are renally cleared, hepatobiliary excretion and no or very low accumulation in tumours was observed for 4 and 5. CONCLUSIONS The choice of fluorophore has a significant impact on the biodistribution and tumour contrast. ZW800-1 Forte (2) exhibited the best properties of those tested, with significant specific fluorescence signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira García de Jalón
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007, Bergen, Norway
| | - Katrin Kleinmanns
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vibeke Fosse
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ben Davidson
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bengt Erik Haug
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Emmet McCormack
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Centre for Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Vivarium, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 65, 5021, Bergen, Norway.
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9
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Olson MT, Aguilar EN, Brooks CL, Isder CC, Muilenburg KM, Talmon GA, Ly QP, Carlson MA, Hollingsworth MA, Mohs AM. Preclinical Evaluation of a Humanized, Near-Infrared Fluorescent Antibody for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery of MUC16-Expressing Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3586-3599. [PMID: 35640060 PMCID: PMC9864431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment option for pancreatic cancer, but resections are made more difficult by infiltrative disease, proximity of critical vasculature, peritumoral inflammation, and dense stroma. Surgeons are limited to tactile and visual cues to differentiate cancerous tissue from normal tissue. Furthermore, translating preoperative images to the intraoperative setting poses additional challenges for tumor detection, and can result in undetected and unresected lesions. Thus, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has high rates of incomplete resections, and subsequently, disease recurrence. Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) has emerged as a method to improve intraoperative detection of cancer and ultimately improve surgical outcomes. Initial clinical trials have demonstrated feasibility of FGS for PDAC, but there are limited targeted probes under investigation for this disease, highlighting the need for development of additional novel biomarkers to reflect the PDAC heterogeneity. MUCIN16 (MUC16) is a glycoprotein that is overexpressed in 60-80% of PDAC. In our previous work, we developed a MUC16-targeted murine antibody near-infrared conjugate, termed AR9.6-IRDye800, that showed efficacy in detecting pancreatic cancer. To build on the translational potential of this imaging probe, a humanized variant of the AR9.6 fluorescent conjugate was developed and investigated herein. This conjugate, termed huAR9.6-IRDye800, showed equivalent binding properties to its murine counterpart. Using an optimized dye:protein ratio of 1:1, in vivo studies demonstrated high tumor to background ratios in MUC16-expressing tumor models, and delineation of tumors in a patient-derived xenograft model. Safety, biodistribution, and toxicity studies were conducted. These studies demonstrated that huAR9.6-IRDye800 was safe, did not yield evidence of histological toxicity, and was well tolerated in vivo. The results from this work suggest that AR9.6-IRDye800 is an efficacious and safe imaging agent for identifying pancreatic cancer intraoperatively through fluorescence-guided surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline T. Olson
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Eric N. Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740
| | - Cory L. Brooks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740
| | - Carly C. Isder
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Kathtyn M. Muilenburg
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Geoffrey A. Talmon
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Quan P. Ly
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Mark A. Carlson
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Surgery, VA Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105
| | - Michael A. Hollingsworth
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Aaron M. Mohs
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
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10
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Matikonda SS, McLaughlin R, Shrestha P, Lipshultz C, Schnermann MJ. Structure-Activity Relationships of Antibody-Drug Conjugates: A Systematic Review of Chemistry on the Trastuzumab Scaffold. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1241-1253. [PMID: 35801843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a rapidly growing class of cancer therapeutics that seek to overcome the low therapeutic index of conventional cytotoxic agents. However, realizing this goal has been a significant challenge. ADCs comprise several independently modifiable components, including the antibody, payload, linker, and bioconjugation method. Many approaches have been developed to improve the physical properties, potency, and selectivity of ADCs. The anti-HER-2 antibody trastuzumab, first approved in 1998, has emerged as an exceptional targeting agent for ADCs, as well as a broadly used platform for testing new technologies. The extensive work in this area enables the comparison of various linker strategies, payloads, drug-to-antibody ratios (DAR), and mode of attachment. In this review, these conjugates, ranging from the first clinically approved trastuzumab ADC, ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla), to the latest variants are described with the goal of providing a broad overview, as well as enabling the comparison of existing and emerging conjugate technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth S Matikonda
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, NIH/NCI/CCR, 376 Boyles Street, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ryan McLaughlin
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, NIH/NCI/CCR, 376 Boyles Street, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Pradeep Shrestha
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, NIH/NCI/CCR, 376 Boyles Street, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Carol Lipshultz
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, NIH/NCI/CCR, 376 Boyles Street, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, NIH/NCI/CCR, 376 Boyles Street, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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11
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Thapaliya ER, Usama SM, Patel NL, Feng Y, Kalen JD, St Croix B, Schnermann MJ. Cyanine Masking: A Strategy to Test Functional Group Effects on Antibody Conjugate Targeting. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:718-725. [PMID: 35389618 PMCID: PMC10506421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Conjugates of small molecules and antibodies are broadly employed diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Appending a small molecule to an antibody often significantly impacts the properties of the resulting conjugate. Here, we detail a systematic study investigating the effect of various functional groups on the properties of antibody-fluorophore conjugates. This was done through the preparation and analysis of a series of masked heptamethine cyanines (CyMasks)-bearing amides with varied functional groups. These were designed to exhibit a broad range of physical properties, and include hydrophobic (-NMe2), pegylated (NH-PEG-8 or NH-PEG-24), cationic (NH-(CH2)2NMe3+), anionic (NH-(CH2)2SO3-), and zwitterionic (N-(CH2)2NMe3+)-(CH2)3SO3-) variants. The CyMask series was appended to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and analyzed for the effects on tumor targeting, clearance, and non-specific organ uptake. Among the series, zwitterionic and pegylated dye conjugates had the highest tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) and a low liver-to-background ratio. By contrast, the cationic and zwitterionic probes had high tumor signal and high TBR, although the latter also exhibited an elevated liver-to-background ratio (LBR). Overall, these studies provide a strategy to test the functional group effects and suggest that zwitterionic substituents possess an optimal combination of high tumor signal, TBR, and low LBR. These results suggest an appealing strategy to mask hydrophobic payloads, with the potential to improve the properties of bioconjugates in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ek Raj Thapaliya
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Syed Muhammad Usama
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Nimit L Patel
- Small Animal Imaging Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Yang Feng
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Joseph D Kalen
- Small Animal Imaging Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Brad St Croix
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program (MCGP), National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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12
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Targeted Dual-Modal PET/SPECT-NIR Imaging: From Building Blocks and Construction Strategies to Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071619. [PMID: 35406390 PMCID: PMC8996983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging is an emerging non-invasive method to qualitatively and quantitively visualize and characterize biological processes. Among the imaging modalities, PET/SPECT and near-infrared (NIR) imaging provide synergistic properties that result in deep tissue penetration and up to cell-level resolution. Dual-modal PET/SPECT-NIR agents are commonly combined with a targeting ligand (e.g., antibody or small molecule) to engage biomolecules overexpressed in cancer, thereby enabling selective multimodal visualization of primary and metastatic tumors. The use of such agents for (i) preoperative patient selection and surgical planning and (ii) intraoperative FGS could improve surgical workflow and patient outcomes. However, the development of targeted dual-modal agents is a chemical challenge and a topic of ongoing research. In this review, we define key design considerations of targeted dual-modal imaging from a topological perspective, list targeted dual-modal probes disclosed in the last decade, review recent progress in the field of NIR fluorescent probe development, and highlight future directions in this rapidly developing field.
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13
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Gamage R, Li DH, Schreiber CL, Smith BD. Comparison of cRGDfK Peptide Probes with Appended Shielded Heptamethine Cyanine Dye ( s775z) for Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging of Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:30130-30139. [PMID: 34778684 PMCID: PMC8582267 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous work has shown that the sterically shielded near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent heptamethine cyanine dye, s775z, with a reactive carboxyl group produces fluorescent bioconjugates with an unsurpassed combination of high photostability and fluorescence brightness. This present contribution reports two new reactive homologues of s775z with either a maleimide group for reaction with a thiol or a strained alkyne group for reaction with an azide. Three cancer-targeting NIR fluorescent probes were synthesized, each with an appended cRGDfK peptide to provide selective affinity for integrin receptors that are overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells including the A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells used in this study. A set of cancer cell microscopy and mouse tumor imaging experiments showed that all three probes were very effective at targeting cancer cells and tumors; however, the change in the linker structure produced a statistically significant difference in some aspects of the mouse biodistribution. The mouse studies included a mock surgical procedure that excised the subcutaneous tumors. A paired-agent fluorescence imaging experiment co-injected a binary mixture of targeted probe with 850 nm emission, an untargeted probe with 710 nm emission and determined the targeted probe's binding potential in the tumor tissue. A comparison of pixelated maps of binding potential for each excised tumor indicated a tumor-to-tumor variation of integrin expression levels, and a heterogeneous spatial distribution of integrin receptors within each tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rananjaya
S. Gamage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Dong-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-5670, United States
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14
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Takahashi K, Taki S, Yasui H, Nishinaga Y, Isobe Y, Matsui T, Shimizu M, Koike C, Sato K. HER2 targeting near-infrared photoimmunotherapy for a CDDP-resistant small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:8808-8819. [PMID: 34729945 PMCID: PMC8683547 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is tyrosine kinase receptor that belongs to the ErbB family and is overexpressed on the membrane surface of various cancer cells, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC); however, no HER2 targeted therapy for SCLC have yet been established. Near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR‐PIT) is a novel cancer therapy based on photo‐absorber, IRDye‐700DX (IR700), ‐antibody conjugates, and near‐infrared (NIR) light. Methods We used HER2‐positive SCLC parental cell lines (SBC‐3) and its chemoresistant cell lines, and examined therapeutic efficacy of HER2 targeting NIR‐PIT using anti HER2 antibody trastuzumab. Results We found that HER2 expression was upregulated on chemoresistant cell lines, especially cisplatin‐resistance (SBC‐3/CDDP). In vitro, the rate of cell death increased with the amount of NIR‐light irradiation, and it was significantly higher in SBC‐3/CDDP than in SBC‐3. In vivo, tumor growth was more suppressed in SBC‐3/CDDP group than in SBC‐3 group, and survival period tended to be prolonged. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that HER2 targeting NIR‐PIT using trastuzumab is promising therapy for HER2‐positive SCLC, and is more effective when HER2 expression is upregulated due to CDDP resistance, suggesting that the HER2 expression level positively corelated with the efficacy of NIR‐PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Takahashi
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Yasui
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Nishinaga
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isobe
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshinori Matsui
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- B3 Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- B3 Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,B3 Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan.,JST, CREST, FOREST-Souhatsu, Tokyo, Japan.,S-YLC, Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan
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15
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Pauli J, Ramírez A, Crasselt C, Schmidt W, Resch-Genger U. Utilizing optical spectroscopy and 2',7'-difluorofluorescein to characterize the early stages of cement hydration. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2021; 10. [PMID: 34619671 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac2da0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The increasingly sophisticated nature of modern, more environmentally friendly cementitious binders requires a better understanding and control particularly of the complex, dynamic processes involved in the early phase of cement hydration. In-situ monitoring of properties of a constantly changing system over a defined period of time calls for simple, sensitive, fast, and preferably also non-invasive methods like optical spectroscopy. Here, we exploit the time-dependent changes in the absorbance and fluorescence features of the negatively charged optical probe 2',7'-difluorofluorescein (DFFL) for the study of the hydration processes in pastes of white cement (WC), cubic tricalcium aluminate (C3A), and tricalcium silicate (C3S), the main phases of cement, and in pastes of quartz (Q) over 24 h after addition of the dye solution. For comparison, also conventional techniques like isothermal heat flow calorimetry were applied. Based upon the time-dependent changes in the spectroscopic properties of DFFL, that seem to originate mainly from dye aggregation and dye-surface interactions and considerably vary between the different pastes, molecular pictures of the hydration processes in the cement pastes are derived. Our results clearly demonstrate the potential of optical spectroscopy, i.e., diffuse reflectance, steady state and time-resolved fluorometry in conjunction with suitable optical reporters, to probe specific hydration processes and to contribute to a better understanding of the early hydration processes of cement at the molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pauli
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Ramírez
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.,Division Technology of Con-struc-ti-on Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Crasselt
- Division Technology of Con-struc-ti-on Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Schmidt
- Division Technology of Con-struc-ti-on Materials, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Unter den Eichen 87, D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - U Resch-Genger
- Division Biophotonics, Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstaetter Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Luciano MP, Dingle I, Nourian S, Schnermann MJ. Preferential Light-Chain Labeling of Native Monoclonal Antibodies Improves the Properties of Fluorophore Conjugates. Tetrahedron Lett 2021; 75. [PMID: 34321699 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Site specific labeling methods have significant potential to enhance the properties of antibody conjugates. While studied extensively in the context of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), few studies have examined the impact of homogenous labeling on the properties of antibody-fluorophore conjugates (AFCs). We report the application of pentafluorophenyl (PFP) esters, which had previously been shown to be reasonably selective for K188 of the kappa light chain of human IGG antibodies, toward producing AFCs. We show that simple replacement of N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS) with PFP dramatically increases the light-chain specificity of near-infrared (NIR) AFCs. Comparing the properties of AFCs labeled using NHS and PFP-activated esters reveals that the latter exhibits reduced aggregation and improved brightness, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, the use of PFP esters provides a remarkably simple approach to provide selectively labeled antibodies with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Luciano
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Ivan Dingle
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Saghar Nourian
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
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17
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In Vitro and In Vivo Cell Uptake of a Cell-Penetrating Peptide Conjugated with Fluorescent Dyes Having Different Chemical Properties. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092245. [PMID: 34067065 PMCID: PMC8124942 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In fluorescence imaging employing a targeting strategy, fluorescent dyes conjugated with ligands may alter the pharmacokinetics of the conjugates. The aim of this study was to investigate whether in vitro and in vivo cell uptake are affected when fluorescent dyes with different chemical properties are conjugated with a ligand. The results show that attention should be paid to the chemical properties of fluorescent dyes in designing fluorescent imaging agents. Abstract In molecular imaging, a targeting strategy with ligands is widely used because specificity can be significantly improved. In fluorescence imaging based on a targeting strategy, the fluorescent dyes conjugated with ligands may affect the targeting efficiency depending on the chemical properties. Herein, we used a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) as a ligand with a variety of fluorescent cyanine dye. We investigated in vitro and in vivo cell uptake of the dye-CPP conjugates when cyanine dyes with differing charge and hydrophilicity/lipophilicity were used. The results showed that the conjugates with positively charged and lipophilic cyanine dyes accumulated in cancer cells in vitro, but there was almost no accumulation in tumors in vivo. On the other hand, the conjugates with negatively charged and hydrophilic cyanine dyes did not accumulate in cancer cells in vitro, but fluorescence was observed in tumors in vivo. These results show that there are some cases in which the cell uptake of the dye-peptide conjugates may differ significantly between in vitro and in vivo experiments due to the chemical properties of the fluorescent dyes. This suggests that attention should be paid to the chemical properties of fluorescent dyes in fluorescence imaging based on a targeting strategy.
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18
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Not so innocent: Impact of fluorophore chemistry on the in vivo properties of bioconjugates. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 63:38-45. [PMID: 33684856 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The combination of targeting ligands and fluorescent dyes is a powerful strategy to observe cell types and tissues of interest. Conjugates of peptides, proteins, and, in particular, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibit excellent tumor targeting in various contexts. This approach has been translated to a clinical setting to provide real-time molecular insights during the surgical resection of solid tumors. A critical element of this approach is the generation of highly fluorescent bioconjugates that maintain the properties of the parent targeting ligand. A number of studies have found that fluorophores can dramatically impact the pharmacokinetic and tumor-targeting properties of the bioconjugates they are meant to only innocently observe. In this review, we summarize several examples of these effects and highlight strategies that have been used to mitigate them. These include the application of site-specific labeling chemistries, modulating label density, and altering the structure of the fluorescent probe itself. In particular, we point out the significant potential of fluorophores with hydrophilic but net-neutral structures. Overall, this review highlights recent progress in refining the in vivo properties of fluorescent bioconjugates, and we hope, will inform future efforts in this area.
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19
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Schreiber CL, Li DH, Smith BD. High-Performance Near-Infrared Fluorescent Secondary Antibodies for Immunofluorescence. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3643-3651. [PMID: 33566567 PMCID: PMC8779000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A broad array of imaging and diagnostic technologies employs fluorophore-labeled antibodies for biomarker visualization, an experimental technique known as immunofluorescence. Significant performance advantages, such as higher signal-to-noise ratio, are gained if the appended fluorophore emits near-infrared (NIR) light with a wavelength >700 nm. However, the currently available NIR fluorophore antibody conjugates are known to exhibit significant limitations, including low chemical stability and photostability, weakened target specificity, and low fluorescence brightness. These fluorophore limitations are resolved by employing a NIR heptamethine cyanine dye named s775z whose chemical structure is very stable, charge-balanced, and sterically shielded. Using indirect immunofluorescence for imaging and visualization, a secondary IgG antibody labeled with s775z outperformed IgG analogues labeled with the commercially available NIR fluorophores, IRDye 800CW and DyLight800. Comparison experiments include three common techniques: immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Specifically, the secondary IgG labeled with s775z was 3-8 times brighter, 3-6 times more photostable, and still retained excellent target specificity when the degree of antibody labeling was high. The results demonstrate that antibodies labeled with s775z can emit total photon counts that are 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than those currently possible, and thus enable unsurpassed performance for NIR fluorescence imaging and diagnostics. They are especially well suited for analytical applications that require sensitive NIR fluorescence detection or use modern photon-intense methods that require high photostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Dong-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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20
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Unique Benefits of Tumor-Specific Nanobodies for Fluorescence Guided Surgery. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020311. [PMID: 33670740 PMCID: PMC7921980 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-specific fluorescence labeling is promising for real-time visualization of solid malignancies during surgery. There are a number of technologies to confer tumor-specific fluorescence. Antibodies have traditionally been used due to their versatility in modifications; however, their large size hampers efficient fluorophore delivery. Nanobodies are a novel class of molecules, derived from camelid heavy-chain only antibodies, that have shown promise for tumor-specific fluorescence labeling. Nanobodies are ten times smaller than standard antibodies, while maintaining antigen-binding capacity and have advantageous features, including rapidity of tumor labeling, that are reviewed in the present report. The present report reviews special considerations needed in developing nanobody probes, the status of current literature on the use of nanobody probes in fluorescence guided surgery, and potential challenges to be addressed for clinical translation.
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21
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Inagaki FF, Fujimura D, Furusawa A, Okada R, Wakiyama H, Kato T, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Fluorescence Imaging of Tumor-Accumulating Antibody-IR700 Conjugates Prior to Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) Using a Commercially Available Camera Designed for Indocyanine Green. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1238-1246. [PMID: 33502869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses antibody-IRDye700DX (IR700) conjugates and was recently approved in Japan for patients with inoperable head and neck cancer. Exposure of the tumor with NIR light at a wavelength of 690 nm leads to physicochemical changes in the antibody-IR700 conjugate-cell receptor complex, resulting in increased hydrophobicity and damage to the integrity of the cell membrane. However, it is important that the tumor be completely exposed to light during NIR-PIT, and thus, a method to provide real-time information on tumor location would help clinicians direct light more accurately. IR700 is a fluorophore that emits at 702 nm; however, there is no clinically available device optimized for detecting this fluorescence. On the other hand, many indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging devices have been approved for clinical use in operating rooms. Therefore, we investigated whether LIGHTVISION, one of the clinically available ICG cameras, could be employed for NIR-PIT target tumor detection. Due to the limited benefits of adding IR700 molecules, the additional conjugation of IRDye800CW (IR800) or ICG-EG4-Sulfo-OSu (ICG-EG4), which has an overlapping spectrum with ICG, to trastuzumab-IR700 conjugates was performed. Conjugation of second NIR dyes did not interfere the efficacy of NIR-PIT. The dual conjugation of IR800 and IR700 to trastuzumab clearly visualized target tumors with LIGHTVISION by detecting emission light of IR800. We demonstrated that the conjugation of second NIR dyes enables us to provide a real-time feedback of tumor locations prior to NIR-PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuki F Inagaki
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Daiki Fujimura
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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22
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Yasui H, Takahashi K, Taki S, Shimizu M, Koike C, Umeda K, Rahman S, Akashi T, Nguyen VS, Nakagawa Y, Sato K. Near Infrared Photo‐Antimicrobial Targeting Therapy for
Candida albicans. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoshi Yasui
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Kazuomi Takahashi
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Koji Umeda
- EW Nutrition Japan Immunology Research Institute in Gifu 839‐7, Gifu‐City Sano Gifu 501‐1101 Japan
| | - Shofiqur Rahman
- EW Nutrition Japan Immunology Research Institute in Gifu 839‐7, Gifu‐City Sano Gifu 501‐1101 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Akashi
- Division of OMICS Analysis Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
- Division of Systems Biology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
- S‐YLC Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research Furo‐cho, Chikusa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 464‐8601 Japan
| | - Van Sa Nguyen
- EW Nutrition Japan Immunology Research Institute in Gifu 839‐7, Gifu‐City Sano Gifu 501‐1101 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nakagawa
- Division of OMICS Analysis Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
- CREST, JST Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332‐0012 Japan
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23
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Hettie KS, Teraphongphom NT, Ertsey R, Chin FT. Off-Peak Near-Infrared-II (NIR-II) Bioimaging of an Immunoconjugate Having Peak Fluorescence Emission in the NIR-I Spectral Region for Improving Tumor Margin Delineation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:8658-8666. [PMID: 35019636 PMCID: PMC9826717 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The primary treatment for malignant tumors remains to be resection. The strongest predictor of recurrence and postoperative prognosis is whether diseased tissue/cells remain(s) at the surgical margin. Cancer surgery entails surgeons having the capability to visually distinguish between subtle shades of color in attempts of differentiating between diseased tissue and healthy tissue under standard white-light illumination, as such tissue states appear identical at the meso-/macroscopic level. Accordingly, enhancing the capability of surgeons to do so such that they can accurately delineate the tumor margin is of paramount importance. Fluorescence-guided surgery facilitates in enhancing such capability by color-coding the surgical field with overlaid contrasting pseudo-colors from real-time intraoperative fluorescence emission via utilizing fluorescent constructs in tandem. Constructs undergoing clinical trials or that are FDA-approved provide peak fluorescence emission in the visible (405 - 700 nm) or near-infrared-I (NIR-I) spectral region (700-900 nm), whereby differentiation between tissue states progressively improves in sync with using constructs that emit longer wavelengths of light. Here, we repurpose the usage of such fluorescent constructs by establishing feasibility of a tumor-targeting immunoconjugate (cetuximab-IRDye800) having peak fluorescence emission at the NIR-I spectral region to provide improved tumor margin delineation by affording higher tumor-to-background ratios (TBRs) when measuring its off-peak fluorescence emission at the near-infrared-II (NIR-II) spectral region (1000-1700 nm) in in vivo applications. We prepared murine tumor models, administered such immunoconjugate, and imaged such models pre-/post-administration via utilizing imaging systems that separately afforded acquisition of fluorescence emission in the NIR-I or NIR-II spectral region. On doing so, we determined in vivo TBRs, ex vivo TBRs with/-out skin, and ex vivo biodistribution, all via measuring the fluorescence emission of the immunoconjugate at tumor site(s) at both spectral regions. Collectively, we established feasibility of using the immunoconjugate to afford improved tumor margin delineation by providing 2-fold higher TBRs via utilizing the NIR-II spectral region to capture off-peak fluorescence emission from a fluorescent construct having NIR-I peak fluorescence emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S. Hettie
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Nutte Tarn Teraphongphom
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert Ertsey
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Frederick T. Chin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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24
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Shershov VE, Ikonnikova AY, Vasiliskov VA, Lapa SA, Miftakhov RA, Kuznetsova VE, Chudinov AV, Nasedkina TV. The Efficiency of DNA Labeling with Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dyes. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350920050188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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25
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Black CE, Zhou E, DeAngelo C, Asante I, Yang R, Petasis NA, Louie SG, Humayun M. Cyanine Nanocage Activated by Near-IR Light for the Targeted Delivery of Cyclosporine A to Traumatic Brain Injury Sites. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4499-4509. [PMID: 32813533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than 2.8 million annually in the United States are afflicted with some form of traumatic brain injury (TBI), where 75% of victims have a mild form of TBI (MTBI). TBI risk is higher for individuals engaging in physical activities or involved in accidents. Although MTBI may not be initially life-threatening, a large number of these victims can develop cognitive and physical dysfunctions. These late clinical sequelae have been attributed to the development of secondary injuries that can occur minutes to days after the initial impact. To minimize brain damage from TBI, it is critical to diagnose and treat patients within the first or "golden" hour after TBI. Although it would be very helpful to quickly determine the TBI locations in the brain and direct the treatment selectively to the affected sites, this remains a challenge. Herein, we disclose our novel strategy to target cyclosporine A (CsA) into TBI sites, without the need to locate the exact location of the TBI lesion. Our approach is based on TBI treatment with a cyanine dye nanocage attached to CsA, a known therapeutic agent for TBI that is associated with unacceptable toxicities. In its caged form, CsA remains inactive, while after near-IR light photoactivation, the resulting fragmentation of the cyanine nanocage leads to the selective release of CsA at the TBI sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Black
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Eugene Zhou
- USC School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Caitlin DeAngelo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Isaac Asante
- USC School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Nicos A Petasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,USC School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Stan G Louie
- USC School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Mark Humayun
- Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,Keck School of Medicine, Viterbi School of Engineering, and Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
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26
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The Emerging Role of CD24 in Cancer Theranostics-A Novel Target for Fluorescence Image-Guided Surgery in Ovarian Cancer and Beyond. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10040255. [PMID: 33260974 PMCID: PMC7712410 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10040255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complete cytoreductive surgery is the cornerstone of the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The application of fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) allows for the increased intraoperative visualization and delineation of malignant lesions by using fluorescently labeled targeting biomarkers, thereby improving intraoperative guidance. CD24, a small glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface receptor, is overexpressed in approximately 70% of solid cancers, and has been proposed as a prognostic and therapeutic tumor-specific biomarker for EOC. Recently, preclinical studies have demonstrated the benefit of CD24-targeted contrast agents for non-invasive fluorescence imaging, as well as improved tumor resection by employing CD24-targeted FIGS in orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models of EOC. The successful detection of miniscule metastases denotes CD24 as a promising biomarker for the application of fluorescence-guided surgery in EOC patients. The aim of this review is to present the clinical and preclinically evaluated biomarkers for ovarian cancer FIGS, highlight the strengths of CD24, and propose a future bimodal approach combining CD24-targeted fluorescence imaging with radionuclide detection and targeted therapy.
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27
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Black CE, Zhou E, DeAngelo CM, Asante I, Louie SG, Petasis NA, Humayun MS. Cyanine Nanocages Activated by Near-Infrared Light for the Targeted Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Chem 2020; 8:769. [PMID: 33062635 PMCID: PMC7489144 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common and prevalent condition that affects large numbers of people across a range of ages. Individuals engaging in physical activities and victims of accidents are at a higher risk for TBI. There is a lack of available treatment specifically for TBI. Given the difficulty to determine its precise location in the brain, TBI remains difficult to fully diagnose or treat. Herein, we disclose a novel strategy for directing therapeutic agents to TBI sites, without the need to determine the precise location of the TBI activity in the brain. This novel approach is based on the use of a cyanine dye nanocage carrying Gabapentin, a known TBI therapeutic agent. Upon exposure of the cyanine nanocage to near-infrared light, the local release of Gabapentin is triggered, selectively at the TBI-affected site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Black
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eugene Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Caitlin M DeAngelo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Isaac Asante
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stan G Louie
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicos A Petasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mark S Humayun
- Ginsburg Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Keck School of Medicine, Viterbi School of Engineering, and Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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28
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Štacková L, Muchová E, Russo M, Slavíček P, Štacko P, Klán P. Deciphering the Structure–Property Relations in Substituted Heptamethine Cyanines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9776-9790. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Štacková
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Russo
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Klán
- Department of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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29
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Li DH, Schreiber CL, Smith BD. Sterically Shielded Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes for Bioconjugation and High Performance Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12154-12161. [PMID: 32324959 PMCID: PMC7473488 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The near-infrared window of fluorescent heptamethine cyanine dyes greatly facilitates biological imaging because there is deep penetration of the light and negligible background fluorescence. However, dye instability, aggregation, and poor pharmacokinetics are current drawbacks that limit performance and the scope of possible applications. All these limitations are simultaneously overcome with a new molecular design strategy that produces a charge balanced and sterically shielded fluorochrome. The key design feature is a meso-aryl group that simultaneously projects two shielding arms directly over each face of a linear heptamethine polyene. Cell and mouse imaging experiments compared a shielded heptamethine cyanine dye (and several peptide and antibody bioconjugates) to benchmark heptamethine dyes and found that the shielded systems possess an unsurpassed combination of photophysical, physiochemical, and biodistribution properties that greatly enhance bioimaging performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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30
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Li D, Schreiber CL, Smith BD. Sterically Shielded Heptamethine Cyanine Dyes for Bioconjugation and High Performance Near‐Infrared Fluorescence Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Cynthia L. Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame 251 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre Dame IN 46556 USA
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31
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Targeted Phototherapy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Targeting Podoplanin. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041019. [PMID: 32326079 PMCID: PMC7225918 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has extremely limited treatment despite a poor prognosis. Moreover, molecular targeted therapy for MPM has not yet been implemented; thus, a new targeted therapy is highly desirable. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a recently developed cancer therapy that combines the specificity of antibodies for targeting tumors with toxicity induced by the photoabsorber after exposure to NIR-light. In this study, we developed a new phototherapy targeting podoplanin (PDPN) for MPM with the use of both NIR-PIT and an anti-PDPN antibody, NZ-1. An antibody–photosensitizer conjugate consisting of NZ-1 and phthalocyanine dye was synthesized. In vitro NIR-PIT-induced cytotoxicity was measured with both dead cell staining and luciferase activity on various MPM cell lines. In vivo NIR-PIT was examined in both the flank tumor and orthotopic mouse model with in vivo real-time imaging. In vitro NIR-PIT-induced cytotoxicity was NIR-light dose dependent. In vivo NIR-PIT led to significant reduction in both tumor volume and luciferase activity in a flank model (p < 0.05, NIR-PIT group versus NZ-1-IR700 group). The PDPN-targeted NIR-PIT resulted in a significant antitumor effect in an MPM orthotopic mouse model (p < 0.05, NIR-PIT group versus NZ-1-IR700 group). This study suggests that PDPN-targeted NIR-PIT could be a new promising treatment for MPM.
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32
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Zheng Z, Okada R, Kobayashi H, Nagaya T, Wei J, Zhou Q, Lee F, Bera TK, Gao Y, Kuhlman W, Tai CH, Pastan I. Site-Specific PEGylation of Anti-Mesothelin Recombinant Immunotoxins Increases Half-life and Antitumor Activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:812-821. [PMID: 31871266 PMCID: PMC7056543 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant immunotoxins (RIT) are chimeric proteins containing an Fv that binds to tumor cells, fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) that kills the cell. Their efficacy is limited by their short half-life in the circulation. Chemical modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a well-established method to extend the half-lives of biologics. Our goal was to engineer RITs with an increase in half-life and high cytotoxic activity. We introduced single cysteines at different locations in five anti-mesothelin RITs and employed site-specific PEGylation to conjugate them to 20-kDa PEG. Because our previous PEGylation method using β-mercaptoethanol reduction gave poor yields of PEG-modified protein, we employed a new method using tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine to reduce the protein and could PEGylate RITs at approximately 90% efficiency. The new proteins retained 19% to 65% of cytotoxic activity. Although all proteins are modified with the same PEG, the radius of hydration varies from 5.2 to 7.1, showing PEG location has a large effect on protein shape. The RIT with the smallest radius of hydration has the highest cytotoxic activity. The PEGylated RITs have a 10- to 30-fold increase in half-life that is related to the increase in hydrodynamic size. Biodistribution experiments indicate that the long half-life is due to delayed uptake by the kidney. Antitumor experiments show that several PEG-RITs are much more active than unmodified RIT, and the PEG location greatly affects antitumor activity. We conclude that PEGylation is a useful approach to improve the half-life and antitumor activity of RITs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliang Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Laboratory of Molecular Theranostics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Theranostics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Theranostics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Junxia Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Qi Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fred Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tapan K Bera
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yun Gao
- Selecta Biosciences, Watertown, Massachusetts
| | | | - Chin-Hsien Tai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ira Pastan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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33
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Olson MT, Ly QP, Mohs AM. Fluorescence Guidance in Surgical Oncology: Challenges, Opportunities, and Translation. Mol Imaging Biol 2019; 21:200-218. [PMID: 29942988 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Surgical resection continues to function as the primary treatment option for most solid tumors. However, the detection of cancerous tissue remains predominantly subjective and reliant on the expertise of the surgeon. Surgery that is guided by fluorescence imaging has shown clinical relevance as a new approach to detecting the primary tumor, tumor margins, and metastatic lymph nodes. It is a technique to reduce recurrence and increase the possibility of a curative resection. While significant progress has been made in developing this emerging technology as a tool to assist the surgeon, further improvements are still necessary. Refining imaging agents and tumor targeting strategies to be a precise and reliable surgical strategy is essential in order to translate this technology into patient care settings. This review seeks to provide a comprehensive update on the most recent progress of fluorescence-guided surgery and its translation into the clinic. By highlighting the current status and recent developments of fluorescence image-guided surgery in the field of surgical oncology, we aim to offer insight into the challenges and opportunities that require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline T Olson
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Quan P Ly
- Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Aaron M Mohs
- Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 5-12315 Scott Research Tower, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Luciano MP, Crooke SN, Nourian S, Dingle I, Nani RR, Kline G, Patel NL, Robinson CM, Difilippantonio S, Kalen JD, Finn MG, Schnermann MJ. A Nonaggregating Heptamethine Cyanine for Building Brighter Labeled Biomolecules. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:934-940. [PMID: 31030512 PMCID: PMC6528163 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Heptamethine cyanines
are broadly used for a range of near-infrared
imaging applications. As with many fluorophores, these molecules are
prone to forming nonemissive aggregates upon biomolecule conjugation.
Prior work has focused on persulfonation strategies, which only partially
address these issues. Here, we report a new set of peripheral substituents,
short polyethylene glycol chains on the indolenine nitrogens and a
substituted alkyl ether at the C4′ position, that provide exceptionally
aggregation-resistant fluorophores. These symmetrical molecules are
net-neutral, can be prepared in a concise sequence, and exhibit no
evidence of H-aggregation even at high labeling density when
appended to monoclonal antibodies or virus-like particles. The resulting
fluorophore–biomolecule conjugates exhibit exceptionally bright in vitro and in vivo signals when compared
to a conventional persulfonated heptamethine cyanine. Overall, these
efforts provide a new class of heptamethine cyanines with significant
utility for complex labeling applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Luciano
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Stephen N. Crooke
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Saghar Nourian
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ivan Dingle
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Roger R. Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Gabriel Kline
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Nimit L. Patel
- Small Animal Imaging Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Christina M. Robinson
- Animal Research Technical Support, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Animal Research Technical Support, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Joseph D. Kalen
- Small Animal Imaging Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - M. G. Finn
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Martin J. Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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35
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Debie P, Hernot S. Emerging Fluorescent Molecular Tracers to Guide Intra-Operative Surgical Decision-Making. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:510. [PMID: 31139085 PMCID: PMC6527780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging is an emerging technology that can provide real-time information about the operating field during cancer surgery. Non-specific fluorescent agents, used for the assessment of blood flow and sentinel lymph node detection, have so far dominated this field. However, over the last decade, several clinical studies have demonstrated the great potential of targeted fluorescent tracers to visualize tumor lesions in a more specific way. This has led to an exponential growth in the development of novel molecular fluorescent contrast agents. In this review, the design of fluorescent molecular tracers will be discussed, with particular attention for agents and approaches that are of interest for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Hernot
- Laboratory for in vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging (ICMI-BEFY/MIMA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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36
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Hernandez Vargas S, Ghosh SC, Azhdarinia A. New Developments in Dual-Labeled Molecular Imaging Agents. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:459-465. [PMID: 30733318 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.213488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative detection of tumors has had a profound impact on how cancer surgery is performed and addresses critical unmet needs in surgical oncology. Tumor deposits, margins, and residual cancer can be imaged through the use of fluorescent contrast agents during surgical procedures to complement visual and tactile guidance. The combination of fluorescent and nuclear contrast into a multimodality agent builds on these capabilities by adding quantitative, noninvasive nuclear imaging capabilities to intraoperative imaging. This review focuses on new strategies for the development and evaluation of targeted dual-labeled molecular imaging agents while highlighting the successful first-in-human application of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Servando Hernandez Vargas
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sukhen C Ghosh
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Ali Azhdarinia
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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37
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Gorka AP, Nani RR, Schnermann MJ. Harnessing Cyanine Reactivity for Optical Imaging and Drug Delivery. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:3226-3235. [PMID: 30418020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical approaches that visualize and manipulate biological processes have transformed modern biomedical research. An enduring challenge is to translate these powerful methods into increasingly complex physiological settings. Longer wavelengths, typically in the near-infrared (NIR) range (∼650-900 nm), can enable advances in both fundamental and clinical settings; however, suitable probe molecules are needed. The pentamethine and heptamethine cyanines, led by prototypes Cy5 and Cy7, are among the most useful compounds for fluorescence-based applications, finding broad use in a range of contexts. The defining chemical feature of these molecules, and the key chromophoric element, is an odd-numbered polymethine that links two nitrogen atoms. Not only a light-harvesting functional group, the cyanine chromophore is subject to thermal and photochemical reactions that dramatically alter many properties of these molecules. This Account describes our recent studies to define and use intrinsic cyanine chromophore reactivity. The hypothesis driving this research is that novel chemistries that manipulate the cyanine chromophore can be used to address challenging problems in the areas of imaging and drug delivery. We first review reaction discovery efforts that seek to address two limitations of long-wavelength fluorophores: undesired thiol reactivity and modest fluorescence quantum yield. Heptamethine cyanines with an O-alkyl substituent at the central C4' carbon were prepared through a novel N- to O-transposition reaction. Unlike commonly used C4'-phenol variants, this new class of fluorophores is resistant to thiol modification and exhibits improved in vivo imaging properties when used as antibody tags. We have also developed a chemical strategy to enhance the quantum yield of far-red pentamethine cyanines. Using a synthetic strategy involving a cross metathesis/tetracyclization sequence, this approach conformationally restrains the pentamethine cyanine scaffold. The resulting molecules exhibit enhanced quantum yield (ΦF = 0.69 vs ΦF = 0.15). Furthermore, conformational restraint improves interconversion between reduced hydrocyanine and intact cyanine forms, which enables super resolution microscopy. This Account then highlights efforts to use cyanine photochemical reactivity for NIR photocaging. Our approach involves the deliberate use of cyanine photooxidation, a reaction previously only associated with photodegradation. The uncaging reaction sequence is initiated by photooxidative chromophore cleavage (using wavelengths of up to 780 nm), which prompts a C-N bond hydrolysis/cyclization sequence resulting in phenol liberation. This approach has been applied to generate the first NIR-activated antibody-drug conjugates. Tumor uptake can be monitored in vivo using NIR fluorescence, prior to uncaging with an external irradiation source. This NIR uncaging strategy can slow tumor progression and increase survival in a MDA-MB-468- luc mouse model. Broadly, the vantage point of cyanine reactivity is providing novel probe molecules with auspicious features for use in complex imaging and drug delivery settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Roger R. Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Martin J. Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 20850, United States
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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39
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Mellanby RJ, Scott JI, Mair I, Fernandez A, Saul L, Arlt J, Moral M, Vendrell M. Tricarbocyanine N-triazoles: the scaffold-of-choice for long-term near-infrared imaging of immune cells in vivo. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7261-7270. [PMID: 30288247 PMCID: PMC6148684 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00900g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein tricarbocyanine N-triazoles are first described as a rationally-designed near-infrared (NIR) structure overcoming the brightness and photostability limitations of tricarbocyanines for long-term in vivo imaging. The straightforward synthetic approach and the wide availability of alkynes makes this strategy a versatile methodology for the preparation of highly stable N-substituted tricarbocyanines. Furthermore, we validated CIR38M as a non-transferable marker to monitor the fate of therapeutic T cells non-invasively in vivo, showing enhanced performance over conventional NIR fluorophores (i.e. DiR, IR800CW and indocyanine green) as well as compatibility with human cells for translational studies. CIR38M is able to track over time smaller numbers of T cells than current NIR agents, and to visualise antigen-driven accumulation of immune cells at specific sites in vivo. This chemical technology will improve longitudinal imaging studies to assess the efficacy of cell-based immunotherapies in preclinical models and in human samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Mellanby
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research , The University of Edinburgh , 47 Little France Crescent , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK .
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies , The Roslin Institute , Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies , The University of Edinburgh , Hospital for Small Animals , Easter Bush Veterinary Centre , EH25 9RG Roslin , UK .
| | - Jamie I Scott
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research , The University of Edinburgh , 47 Little France Crescent , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK .
| | - Iris Mair
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research , The University of Edinburgh , 47 Little France Crescent , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK .
| | - Antonio Fernandez
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research , The University of Edinburgh , 47 Little France Crescent , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK .
| | - Louise Saul
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies , The Roslin Institute , Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies , The University of Edinburgh , Hospital for Small Animals , Easter Bush Veterinary Centre , EH25 9RG Roslin , UK .
| | - Jochen Arlt
- School of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Edinburgh , James Clerk Maxwell Building, Peter Guthrie Tait Road , EH9 3FD Edinburgh , UK
| | - Monica Moral
- Renewable Energy Research Institute , University of Castilla-La Mancha , 02071 Albacete , Spain
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research , The University of Edinburgh , 47 Little France Crescent , EH16 4TJ Edinburgh , UK .
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40
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Cha J, Nani RR, Luciano MP, Kline G, Broch A, Kim K, Namgoong JM, Kulkarni RA, Meier JL, Kim P, Schnermann MJ. A chemically stable fluorescent marker of the ureter. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2741-2745. [PMID: 29510880 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Surgical methods guided by exogenous fluorescent markers have the potential to define tissue types in real time. Small molecule dyes with efficient and selective renal clearance could enable visualization of the ureter during surgical procedures involving the abdomen and pelvis. These studies report the design and synthesis of a water soluble, net neutral C4'-O-alkyl heptamethine cyanine, Ureter-Label (UL)-766, with excellent properties for ureter visualization. This compound is accessed through a concise synthetic sequence involving an N- to O-transposition reaction that provides other inaccessible C4'-O-alkyl heptamethine cyanines. Unlike molecules containing a C4'-O-aryl substituent, which have also been used for ureter visualization, UL-766 is not reactive towards glutathione and the cellular proteome. In addition, rat models of abdominal surgery reveal that UL-766 undergoes efficient and nearly exclusive renal clearance in vivo. In total, this molecule represents a promising candidate for visualizing the ureter during a variety of surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaepyeong Cha
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave., NW Washinton, DC 20010, United States.
| | - Roger R Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Michael P Luciano
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Gabriel Kline
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Aline Broch
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave., NW Washinton, DC 20010, United States
| | - Kihoon Kim
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave., NW Washinton, DC 20010, United States; Department of Surgery, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, 875 Haeun-daero, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-896, South Korea
| | - Jung-Man Namgoong
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave., NW Washinton, DC 20010, United States; Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, South Korea
| | - Rhushikesh A Kulkarni
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Jordan L Meier
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Peter Kim
- Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Ave., NW Washinton, DC 20010, United States
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States.
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41
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Abstract
PURPOSE Recently we showed that a number of carboxylated near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) cyanine dyes possess strong necrosis avid properties in vitro as well as in different mouse models of spontaneous and therapy-induced tumor necrosis, indicating their potential use for cancer diagnostic- and prognostic purposes. In the previous study, the detection of the cyanines was achieved by whole body optical imaging, a technique that, due to the limited penetration of near-infrared light, is not suitable for investigations deeper than 1 cm within the human body. Therefore, in order to facilitate clinical translation, the purpose of the present study was to generate a necrosis avid cyanine-based NIRF probe that could also be used for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). For this, the necrosis avid NIRF cyanine HQ4 was radiolabeled with 111indium, via the chelate diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). PROCEDURES The necrosis avid properties of the radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 were examined in vitro and in vivo in different breast tumor models in mice using SPECT and optical imaging. Moreover, biodistribution studies were performed to examine the pharmacokinetics of the probe in vivo. RESULTS Using optical imaging and radioactivity measurements, in vitro, we showed selective accumulation of [111In]DTPA-HQ4 in dead cells. Using SPECT and in biodistribution studies, the necrosis avidity of the radiotracer was confirmed in a 4T1 mouse breast cancer model of spontaneous tumor necrosis and in a MCF-7 human breast cancer model of chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The radiotracer [111In]DTPA-HQ4 possessed strong and selective necrosis avidity in vitro and in various mouse models of tumor necrosis in vivo, indicating its potential to be clinically applied for diagnostic purposes and to monitor anti-cancer treatment efficacy.
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42
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Bennink LL, Smith DJ, Foss CA, Pomper MG, Li Y, Yu SM. High Serum Stability of Collagen Hybridizing Peptides and Their Fluorophore Conjugates. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1906-1915. [PMID: 28445649 PMCID: PMC8063002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Collagen hybridizing peptides (CHPs) have a great potential for use in targeted drug delivery, diagnostics, and regenerative medicine due to their ability to specifically bind to denatured collagens associated with many pathologic conditions. Since peptides generally suffer from poor enzymatic stability, resulting in rapid degradation and elimination in vivo, CHP's serum stability is a critical parameter that may dictate its pharmacokinetic behavior. Here, we report the serum stability of a series of monomeric CHP derivatives and establish how peptide length, amino acid composition, terminal modification, and linker chemistry influence their availability in serum. We show that monomeric CHPs comprised of the collagen-like Gly-Pro-Hyp motif are resistant to common serum proteinases and that their stability can be further increased by simple N-terminal labeling which negates CHP's susceptibility to proline-specific exopeptidases. When fluorescent dyes are conjugated to a CHP via maleimide-thiol reaction, the dye can transfer from CHP onto serum proteins (e.g., albumin), resulting in an unexpected drop in signal during serum stability assays and off-target accumulation during in vivo tests. This work is the crucial first step toward understanding the pharmacokinetic behavior of CHPs, which can facilitate the development of CHP-based theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas L. Bennink
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Daniel J. Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Catherine A. Foss
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21228, United States
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- The Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21228, United States
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - S. Michael Yu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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43
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Nani R, Gorka AP, Nagaya T, Yamamoto T, Ivanic J, Kobayashi H, Schnermann MJ. In Vivo Activation of Duocarmycin-Antibody Conjugates by Near-Infrared Light. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:329-337. [PMID: 28470051 PMCID: PMC5408340 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Near-IR photocaging groups based on the heptamethine cyanine scaffold present the opportunity to visualize and then treat diseased tissue with potent bioactive molecules. Here we describe fundamental chemical studies that enable biological validation of this approach. Guided by rational design, including computational analysis, we characterize the impact of structural alterations on the cyanine uncaging reaction. A modest change to the ethylenediamine linker (N,N'-dimethyl to N,N'-diethyl) leads to a bathochromic shift in the absorbance maxima, while decreasing background hydrolysis. Building on these structure-function relationship studies, we prepare antibody conjugates that uncage a derivative of duocarmycin, a potent cytotoxic natural product. The optimal conjugate, CyEt-Pan-Duo, undergoes small molecule release with 780 nm light, exhibits activity in the picomolar range, and demonstrates excellent light-to-dark selectivity. Mouse xenograft studies illustrate that the construct can be imaged in vivo prior to uncaging with an external laser source. Significant reduction in tumor burden is observed following a single dose of conjugate and near-IR light. These studies define key chemical principles that enable the identification of cyanine-based photocages with enhanced properties for in vivo drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger
R. Nani
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Alexander P. Gorka
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Molecular
Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Joseph Ivanic
- Advanced
Biomedical Computing Center, DSITP, Frederick National Laboratory
for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research,
Inc., Frederick, Maryland 21702, United
States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular
Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Martin J. Schnermann
- Chemical
Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
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44
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Cilliers C, Nessler I, Christodolu N, Thurber GM. Tracking Antibody Distribution with Near-Infrared Fluorescent Dyes: Impact of Dye Structure and Degree of Labeling on Plasma Clearance. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1623-1633. [PMID: 28294622 PMCID: PMC5415873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Monoclonal
antibodies labeled with near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores
have potential use in disease detection, intraoperative imaging, and
pharmacokinetic characterization of therapeutic antibodies in both
the preclinical and clinical setting. Recent work has shown conjugation
of NIR fluorophores to antibodies can potentially alter antibody disposition
at a sufficiently high degree of labeling (DoL); however, other reports
show minimal impact after labeling with NIR fluorophores. In this
work, we label two clinically approved antibodies, Herceptin (trastuzumab)
and Avastin (bevacizumab), with NIR dyes IRDye 800CW (800CW) or Alexa
Fluor 680 (AF680), at 1.2 and 0.3 dyes/antibody and examine the impact
of fluorophore conjugation on antibody plasma clearance and tissue
distribution. At 0.3 DoL, AF680 conjugates exhibited similar clearance
to unlabeled antibody over 17 days while 800CW conjugates diverged
after 4 days, suggesting AF680 is a more suitable choice for long-term
pharmacokinetic studies. At the 1.2 DoL, 800CW conjugates cleared
faster than unlabeled antibodies after several hours, in agreement
with other published reports. The tissue biodistribution for bevacizumab–800CW
and −AF680 conjugates agreed well with literature reported
biodistributions using radiolabels. However, the greater tissue autofluorescence
at 680 nm resulted in limited detection above background at low (∼2
mg/kg) doses and 0.3 DoL for AF680, indicating that 800CW is more
appropriate for short-term biodistribution measurements and intraoperative
imaging. Overall, our work shows a DoL of 0.3 or less for non-site-specifically
labeled antibodies (with a Poisson distribution) is ideal for limiting
the impact of NIR fluorophores on antibody pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Cilliers
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Ian Nessler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nikolas Christodolu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering and ‡Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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45
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Ong MJH, Debieu S, Moreau M, Romieu A, Richard JA. Synthesis ofN,N-Dialkylamino-nor-Dihydroxanthene-Hemicyanine Fused Near-Infrared Fluorophores and Their First Water-Soluble and/or Bioconjugatable Analogues. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:936-946. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Jui Hsien Ong
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, ICES; Agency for Science, Technology and Research, A*STAR; 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01 Singapore 138665 Singapore
| | - Sylvain Debieu
- ICMUB, UMR 6302, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon cedex France
| | - Mathieu Moreau
- ICMUB, UMR 6302, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon cedex France
| | - Anthony Romieu
- ICMUB, UMR 6302, CNRS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté; 9, Avenue Alain Savary 21078 Dijon cedex France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 103, Boulevard Saint-Michel 75005 Paris France
| | - Jean-Alexandre Richard
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, ICES; Agency for Science, Technology and Research, A*STAR; 8 Biomedical Grove, Neuros, #07-01 Singapore 138665 Singapore
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46
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Debie P, Van Quathem J, Hansen I, Bala G, Massa S, Devoogdt N, Xavier C, Hernot S. Effect of Dye and Conjugation Chemistry on the Biodistribution Profile of Near-Infrared-Labeled Nanobodies as Tracers for Image-Guided Surgery. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1145-1153. [PMID: 28245129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advances in optical imaging technologies have stimulated the development of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescently labeled targeted probes for use in image-guided surgery. As nanobodies have already proven to be excellent candidates for molecular imaging, we aimed in this project to design NIR-conjugated nanobodies targeting the tumor biomarker HER2 for future applications in this field and to evaluate the effect of dye and dye conjugation chemistry on their pharmacokinetics during development. IRDye800CW or IRdye680RD were conjugated either randomly (via lysines) or site-specifically (via C-terminal cysteine) to the anti-HER2 nanobody 2Rs15d. After verification of purity and functionality, the biodistribution and tumor targeting of the NIR-nanobodies were assessed in HER2-positive and -negative xenografted mice. Site-specifically IRDye800CW- and IRdye680RD-labeled 2Rs15d as well as randomly labeled 2Rs15d-IRDye680RD showed rapid tumor accumulation and low nonspecific uptake, resulting in high tumor-to-muscle ratios at early time points (respectively 6.6 ± 1.0, 3.4 ± 1.6, and 3.5 ± 0.9 for HER2-postive tumors at 3 h p.i., while <1.0 for HER2-negative tumors at 3 h p.i., p < 0.05). Contrarily, using the randomly labeled 2Rs15d-IRDye800CW, HER2-positive and -negative tumors could only be distinguished after 24 h due to high nonspecific signals. Moreover, both randomly labeled 2Rs15d nanobodies were not only cleared via the kidneys but also partially via the hepatobiliary route. In conclusion, near-infrared fluorescent labeling of nanobodies allows rapid, specific, and high contrast in vivo tumor imaging. Nevertheless, the fluorescent dye as well as the chosen conjugation strategy can affect the nanobodies' properties and consequently have a major impact on their pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieterjan Debie
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jannah Van Quathem
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Hansen
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gezim Bala
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sam Massa
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Imunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nick Devoogdt
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catarina Xavier
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hernot
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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47
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Wang Y, Ballou B, Schmidt BF, Andreko S, St Croix CM, Watkins SC, Bruchez MP. Affibody-targeted fluorogen activating protein for in vivo tumor imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2001-2004. [PMID: 28120951 PMCID: PMC5340305 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09137g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging using near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence is useful for intraoperative imaging and real-time margin identification. Directly conjugated IR dyes possess useful properties for in vivo imaging, but conjugation often substantially alters the circulation dynamics of targeting moieties. We developed and characterized a new tumor-targeting probe, affiFAP, which consists of a protein that specifically binds EGFR (affibody) and a fluorogen activating protein (FAP). This compact molecular recognition reagent can reversibly bind and activate fluorescence of otherwise nonfluorescent dyes and allows tumor visualization with low nonspecific tissue staining. We demonstrate molecular pre-targeting of affiFAPs and subsequent systemic or topical application of fluorogenic dye to achieve high contrast, fast clearance, and good tissue penetration that may be used in clinical settings to molecularly define tumor margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- The Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. and The Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Byron Ballou
- The Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brigitte F Schmidt
- The Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sue Andreko
- The Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Claudette M St Croix
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Marcel P Bruchez
- The Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. and The Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA and The Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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48
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Gao M, Yu F, Lv C, Choo J, Chen L. Fluorescent chemical probes for accurate tumor diagnosis and targeting therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:2237-2271. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00908e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on small molecular ligand-targeted fluorescent imaging probes and fluorescent theranostics, including their design strategies and applications in clinical tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University
- Binzhou 256603
- China
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Bionano Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Ansan 426-791
- South Korea
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai 264003
- China
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49
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Pauli J, Pochstein M, Haase A, Napp J, Luch A, Resch-Genger U. Influence of Label and Charge Density on the Association of the Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Trastuzumab and Cetuximab Conjugated to Anionic Fluorophores. Chembiochem 2016; 18:101-110. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Pauli
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Marieke Pochstein
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Andrea Haase
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR); Department of Chemical and Product Safety; Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Joanna Napp
- Institute of Interventional and Diagnostic Radiology; University Medical Center Göttingen; Robert-Koch-Strasse 40 37075 Göttingen Germany
- Department of Haematology and Medical Oncology; University Medical Center Göttingen; Robert-Koch-Strasse 40,
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signal; Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine; Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3 37075 Göttingen Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR); Department of Chemical and Product Safety; Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Ute Resch-Genger
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM); Division 1.10 Biophotonics; Richard-Willstaetter-Strasse 11 12489 Berlin Germany
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50
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Sato K, Gorka AP, Nagaya T, Michie MS, Nakamura Y, Nani RR, Coble VL, Vasalatiy OV, Swenson RE, Choyke PL, Schnermann MJ, Kobayashi H. Effect of charge localization on the in vivo optical imaging properties of near-infrared cyanine dye/monoclonal antibody conjugates. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2016; 12:3046-56. [PMID: 27452807 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00371k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores show superior in vivo imaging properties than visible-light fluorophores because of the increased light penetration in tissue and lower autofluorescence of these wavelengths. We have recently reported that new NIR cyanine dyes containing a novel C4'-O-alkyl linker exhibit greater chemical stability and excellent optical properties relative to existing C4'-O-aryl variants. In this study, we synthesized two NIR cyanine dyes with the same core structure and charge but different indolenine substituents: FNIR-Z-759 bearing a combination of two sulfonates and two quaternary ammonium cations, and FNIR-G-765 bearing a combination of two sulfonates and two guanidines, resulting in zwitterionic charge with distinct cationic moieties. In this study, we compare the in vitro and in vivo optical imaging properties of monoclonal antibody (mAb) conjugates of FNIR-Z-759 and FNIR-G-765 with panitumumab (pan) at antibody-to-dye ratios of 1 : 2 or 1 : 5. One-to-five conjugation of pan-to-FNIR-G-765 was not successful due to aggregate formation during the conjugation reaction. Conjugates of both dyes to pan (2 : 1) demonstrated similar quenching capacity, stability, and brightness in target cells in vitro. However, FNIR-Z-759 conjugates showed significantly lower accumulation in the mouse liver, resulting in higher tumor-to-liver ratio. Thus, FNIR-Z-759 conjugates appear to have superior in vivo imaging characteristics compared with FNIR-G-765 conjugates, especially in the abdominal region. Moreover, from a chemistry point of view, mAb conjugation with FNIR-Z-759 has an advantage over FNIR-G-765, because it does not form aggregates at high dye-to-mAb ratio. These results suggest that zwitterionic cyanine dyes are a superior class of fluorophores for conjugating with mAbs for fluorescence imaging applications due to improving target-to-background contrast in vivo. However, zwitterionic cyanine dyes should be designed carefully, as small changes to the structure can alter in vivo pharmacokinetics of mAb-dye conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Sato
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, USA.
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