1
|
Mochizuki A, Udagawa A, Miwa Y, Oda Y, Yoneyama K, Okuda C. Blood compatibility of poly(propylene glycol diester) and its water structure observed by differential scanning calorimetry and 2H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1258-1272. [PMID: 38457333 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2324505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Recently, we applied solution 2H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2H NMR) to analyze the water (deuterium oxide, D2O) structure in several biopolymers at ambient temperature. We established that polymers with good blood compatibility (i.e. poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA)) have water observed at high magnetic fields (upfield) compared with bulk water. Polymers containing poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) or poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) exhibit good compatibility; however, the reason for this remains unclear. In addition, reports on the blood compatibility of PPO/PPG are limited. Therefore, PPG diester (PPGest) was prepared as a model polymer, and its blood compatibility and water structure were investigated. PPGest exhibited excellent blood compatibility. The water in PPGest was observed upfield by 2H NMR, and it was defined as non-freezing water via differential scanning calorimetry. Based on these observations, the relationship between the blood compatibility and water structure of PPGest is discussed by comparing with those of PMEA, and the reason for the good performance of PPG/PPO-based polymers is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Mochizuki
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | - Ayaka Udagawa
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiki Oda
- Technology Joint Management Office of Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan
| | - Konatsu Yoneyama
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | - Chihiro Okuda
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Solhi L, Guccini V, Heise K, Solala I, Niinivaara E, Xu W, Mihhels K, Kröger M, Meng Z, Wohlert J, Tao H, Cranston ED, Kontturi E. Understanding Nanocellulose-Water Interactions: Turning a Detriment into an Asset. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1925-2015. [PMID: 36724185 PMCID: PMC9999435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Modern technology has enabled the isolation of nanocellulose from plant-based fibers, and the current trend focuses on utilizing nanocellulose in a broad range of sustainable materials applications. Water is generally seen as a detrimental component when in contact with nanocellulose-based materials, just like it is harmful for traditional cellulosic materials such as paper or cardboard. However, water is an integral component in plants, and many applications of nanocellulose already accept the presence of water or make use of it. This review gives a comprehensive account of nanocellulose-water interactions and their repercussions in all key areas of contemporary research: fundamental physical chemistry, chemical modification of nanocellulose, materials applications, and analytical methods to map the water interactions and the effect of water on a nanocellulose matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Solhi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Valentina Guccini
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Katja Heise
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Iina Solala
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Wenyang Xu
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Laboratory of Natural Materials Technology, Åbo Akademi University, TurkuFI-20500, Finland
| | - Karl Mihhels
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Marcel Kröger
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Zhuojun Meng
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou325001, China
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Centre (WWSC), Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Han Tao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z4, Canada.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British ColumbiaV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Eero Kontturi
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, EspooFI-00076, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heinonen E, Henriksson G, Lindström ME, Vilaplana F, Wohlert J. Xylan adsorption on cellulose: Preferred alignment and local surface immobilizing effect. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 285:119221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
4
|
Mochizuki A, Oda Y, Miwa Y. Comparative study on water structures of poly(tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate) and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 32:1754-1769. [PMID: 34075853 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1938356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) has good blood compatibility and its performance is attributed to its water structure. Recently, we applied solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (solution-NMR) for analyzing the water structure in PMEA at ambient temperature and concluded that this method is useful because of the clear observation of the resonance peaks at low and high magnetic field (downfield and upfield, respectively) areas indicating the existence of more than two types of water. The present study was performed to compare the water structure of poly(tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate) (PTHFA) and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) using solution 2H-NMR and deuterium oxide as water at the temperature range 15-45 °C. It was found that PTHFA has a different water structure from that of PHEMA. Water in PTHFA clearly showed two resonance peaks at downfield and upfield areas, with different spin-lattice relaxation times, T12H (high and low values, respectively). These observations are similar to those of PMEA. In contrast, PHEMA showed only one broad resonance peak (at downfield) with a low T12H value. Based on these observations, this study discusses the effect of water structures on the blood compatibility of these polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Mochizuki
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Oda
- Technology Joint Management Office of Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Miwa
- Toray Research Center Inc., Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
De Wever P, de Oliveira-Silva R, Marreiros J, Ameloot R, Sakellariou D, Fardim P. Topochemical Engineering of Cellulose-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Beads: A Low-Field NMR Relaxometry Study. Molecules 2020; 26:E14. [PMID: 33375128 PMCID: PMC7792948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for more ecological, highly engineered hydrogel beads is driven by a multitude of applications such as enzyme immobilization, tissue engineering and superabsorbent materials. Despite great interest in hydrogel fabrication and utilization, the interaction of hydrogels with water is not fully understood. In this work, NMR relaxometry experiments were performed to study bead-water interactions, by probing the changes in bead morphology and surface energy resulting from the incorporation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) into a cellulose matrix. The results show that CMC improves the swelling capacity of the beads, from 1.99 to 17.49, for pure cellulose beads and beads prepared with 30% CMC, respectively. Changes in water mobility and interaction energy were evaluated by NMR relaxometry. Our findings indicate a 2-fold effect arising from the CMC incorporation: bead/water interactions were enhanced by the addition of CMC, with minor additions having a greater effect on the surface energy parameter. At the same time, bead swelling was recorded, leading to a reduction in surface-bound water, enhancing water mobility inside the hydrogels. These findings suggest that topochemical engineering by adjusting the carboxymethyl cellulose content allows the tuning of water mobility and porosity in hybrid beads and potentially opens up new areas of application for this biomaterial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter De Wever
- Bio- & Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety Section, Department of Chemical engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, P.O. Box 2424, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Rodrigo de Oliveira-Silva
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Celestijnenlaan 200f, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.d.O.-S.); (J.M.); (R.A.); (D.S.)
| | - João Marreiros
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Celestijnenlaan 200f, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.d.O.-S.); (J.M.); (R.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Rob Ameloot
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Celestijnenlaan 200f, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.d.O.-S.); (J.M.); (R.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Dimitrios Sakellariou
- Centre for Membrane Separations, Adsorption, Catalysis, and Spectroscopy for Sustainable Solutions, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Celestijnenlaan 200f, P.O. Box 2454, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; (R.d.O.-S.); (J.M.); (R.A.); (D.S.)
| | - Pedro Fardim
- Bio- & Chemical Systems Technology, Reactor Engineering and Safety Section, Department of Chemical engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f, P.O. Box 2424, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
To investigate the effects of changes in biopolymer composition on moisture in acetylated poplar wood (Populus euramericana Cv.), the acetylation of control wood was compared to the acetylation of wood with reduced hemicellulose or lignin content (about 9% reduction of total specimen dry weight in both cases). Time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry of water-saturated wood gave spin–spin relaxation times (T2) of water populations, while deuteration in a sorption balance was used to characterize the hydroxyl accessibility of the wood cell walls. As expected, the acetylation of pyridine-swelled wood reduced hydroxyl accessibility and made the cell wall less accessible to water, resulting in a reduction of cell wall moisture content by about 24% compared with control wood. Hemicellulose loss per se increased the spin–spin relaxation time of cell wall water, while delignification had the opposite effect. The combined effect of hemicellulose removal and acetylation caused more than a 30% decrease of cell wall moisture content when compared with control wood. The acetylated and partially delignified wood cell walls contained higher cell wall moisture content than acetylated wood. An approximate theoretical calculation of hydroxyl accessibility for acetylated wood was in the low range, but it agreed rather well with the measured accessibility, while acetylated and partially hemicellulose-depleted and partially delignified wood for unknown reasons resulted in substantially lower hydroxyl accessibilities than the theoretical estimate.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mochizuki A, Miwa Y, Yahata C, Ono D, Oda Y, Kawaguchi T. Water structure of poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) observed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:1024-1040. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1738042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Mochizuki
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuko Miwa
- Material Science Laboratories, Toray Research Center, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Chie Yahata
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Dai Ono
- Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Oda
- Technology Joint Management Office of Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Kawaguchi
- Technology Joint Management Office of Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effects of Moisture on Diffusion in Unmodified Wood Cell Walls: A Phenomenological Polymer Science Approach. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10121084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of cell wall diffusion to nearly all aspects of wood utilization, diffusion mechanisms and the detailed effects of moisture remain poorly understood. In this perspective, we introduce and employ approaches established in polymer science to develop a phenomenological framework for understanding the effects of moisture on diffusion in unmodified wood cell walls. The premise for applying this polymer-science-based approach to wood is that wood polymers (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin) behave like typical solid polymers. Therefore, the movement of chemicals through wood cell walls is a diffusion process through a solid polymer, which is in contrast to previous assertions that transport of some chemicals occurs via aqueous pathways in the cell wall layers. Diffusion in polymers depends on the interrelations between free volume in the polymer matrix, molecular motions of the polymer, diffusant dimensions, and solubility of the diffusant in the polymer matrix. Because diffusion strongly depends on whether a polymer is in a rigid glassy state or soft rubbery state, it is important to understand glass transitions in the amorphous wood polymers. Through a review and analysis of available literature, we conclude that in wood both lignin and the amorphous polysaccharides very likely have glass transitions. After developing and presenting this polymer-science-based perspective of diffusion through unmodified wood cell walls, suggested directions for future research are discussed. A key consideration is that a large difference between diffusion through wood polymers and typical polymers is the high swelling pressures that can develop in unmodified wood cell walls. This pressure likely arises from the hierarchical structure of wood and should be taken into consideration in the development of predictive models for diffusion in unmodified wood cell walls.
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Wood, a complex hierarchical material, continues to be widely used as a resource to meet humankind’s material needs, in addition to providing inspiration for the development of new biomimetic materials. However, for wood to meet its full potential, researchers must overcome the challenge of understanding its fundamental moisture-related properties across its many levels of hierarchy spanning from the molecular scale up to the bulk wood level. In this perspective, a review of recent research on wood moisture-induced swelling and shrinking is presented from the molecular level to the cellular scale. Numerous aspects of swelling and shrinking in wood remain poorly understood, sub-cellular phenomena in particular, because it can be difficult to study them experimentally. Here, we discuss recent research endeavors at each of the relevant length scales, including the molecular, cellulose elementary fibril, secondary cell wall layer nanostructure, cell wall, cell, and cellular levels. At each length scale, we provide a discussion on the current knowledge and suggestions for future research. The potential impacts of moisture-induced swelling pressures on experimental observations of swelling and shrinking in wood at different length scales are also recognized and discussed.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen P, Terenzi C, Furó I, Berglund LA, Wohlert J. Quantifying Localized Macromolecular Dynamics within Hydrated Cellulose Fibril Aggregates. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Cellulose and its Derivatives, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Camilla Terenzi
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
NMR Relaxometry and IR Thermography to Study Ancient Cotton Paper Bookbinding. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9163406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Defects related to degradation were observed in an ancient book paperboard cover through nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry and infrared thermography. Data collected with this combined method allowed identifying areas with moisture content and thermal diffusivity anomalies within the front board, corresponding to the different conservation status of the cellulose-based material. Non-destructive testing analytical procedures provide comprehensive knowledge for preserving precious library archives.
Collapse
|
12
|
On the Experimental Assessment of the Molecular-Scale Interactions between Wood and Water. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10080616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although molecular-scale wood-water interactions needed for moisture-durability can lead to the accelerated development of moisture-durable products, these interactions are often experimentally elusive. In this perspective, the topic’s state of the art understanding will be discussed, excluding computational work. Recent research efforts based on infrared spectroscopy methods have provided new insights in terms of the accessibility of the wood polymers and moisture-induced polymer dynamics. Likewise, neutron scattering and nuclear magnetic relaxometry experiments have shown that bound water can be found within more than one local environment inside the cell wall. However, a majority of the experiments have focused on studying extracted or derived polymers instead of unmodified wood. Thus, in this paper some of the questions that still need to be addressed experimentally will also be highlighted.
Collapse
|
13
|
Boujemaoui A, Ansari F, Berglund LA. Nanostructural Effects in High Cellulose Content Thermoplastic Nanocomposites with a Covalently Grafted Cellulose–Poly(methyl methacrylate) Interface. Biomacromolecules 2018; 20:598-607. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Assya Boujemaoui
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Farhan Ansari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2205, United States
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen P, Terenzi C, Furó I, Berglund LA, Wohlert J. Hydration-Dependent Dynamical Modes in Xyloglucan from Molecular Dynamics Simulation of 13C NMR Relaxation Times and Their Distributions. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2567-2579. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Camilla Terenzi
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - István Furó
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A. Berglund
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Wohlert
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ansari F, Berglund LA. Toward Semistructural Cellulose Nanocomposites: The Need for Scalable Processing and Interface Tailoring. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:2341-2350. [PMID: 29577729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocomposites can be considered for semistructural load-bearing applications where modulus and strength requirements exceed 10 GPa and 100 MPa, respectively. Such properties are higher than for most neat polymers but typical for molded short glass fiber composites. The research challenge for polymer matrix biocomposites is to develop processing concepts that allow high cellulose nanofibril (CNF) content, nanostructural control in the form of well-dispersed CNF, the use of suitable polymer matrices, as well as molecular scale interface tailoring to address moisture effects. From a practical point of view, the processing concept needs to be scalable so that large-scale industrial processing is feasible. The vast majority of cellulose nanocomposite studies elaborate on materials with low nanocellulose content. An important reason is the challenge to prevent CNF agglomeration at high CNF content. Research activities are therefore needed on concepts with the potential for rapid processing with controlled nanostructure, including well-dispersed fibrils at high CNF content so that favorable properties are obtained. This perspective discusses processing strategies, agglomeration problems, opportunities, and effects from interface tailoring. Specifically, preformed CNF mats can be used to design nanostructured biocomposites with high CNF content. Because very few composite materials combine functional and structural properties, CNF materials are an exception in this sense. The suggested processing concept could include functional components (inorganic clays, carbon nanotubes, magnetic nanoparticles, among others). In functional three-phase systems, CNF networks are combined with functional components (nanoparticles or fibril coatings) together with a ductile polymer matrix. Such materials can have functional properties (optical, magnetic, electric, etc.) in combination with mechanical performance, and the comparably low cost of nanocellulose may facilitate the use of large nanocomposite structures in industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Ansari
- Fiber and Polymer Technology and Wallenberg Wood Science Centre , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm SE-10044 , Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- Fiber and Polymer Technology and Wallenberg Wood Science Centre , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm SE-10044 , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Corsaro C, Mallamace D, Vasi S, Pietronero L, Mallamace F, Missori M. The role of water in the degradation process of paper using 1H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:33335-33343. [PMID: 27897293 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of water are essential for determining the corresponding properties of every biosystem it interacts with. Indeed, the comprehension of hydration mechanisms is fundamental for the understanding and the control of paper degradation pathways induced by natural or artificial aging. In fact, the interactions between water and cellulose at the accessible sites within the fibres' complex structure are responsible for the rupture of hydrogen bonds and the consequent swelling of the cellulose fibres and consumption of the amorphous regions. In this paper we study the hydration process of cellulose in naturally and artificially aged paper samples by measuring the proton spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) relaxation times of the macroscopic magnetization through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. The observed behaviour of T1 and T2 is quite complex and strictly dependent on the water content of paper samples. This has been interpreted as due to the occurrence of different mechanisms regulating the water-cellulose interaction within the fibres. Furthermore, we have measured T1 as a function of the artificial aging time comparing the results with those measured on three paper samples dated back to the 15th century. We found that the evolution of T1 in model papers artificially aged is correlated with that of ancient paper, providing therefore a way for estimating the degradation of cellulosic materials in terms of an equivalent time of artificial aging. These results provide fundamental information for industrial applications and for the preservation and restoration of cultural heritage materials based on cellulose such as ancient paper or textiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Corsaro
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenico Mallamace
- Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase - CSGI, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Vasi
- Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Universitá di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Luciano Pietronero
- Dip. di Fisica, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Mallamace
- CNR-IPCF, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, 98158 Messina, Italy. and Dipartimento MIFT, Sezione di Fisica, Universitá di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mauro Missori
- Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, UOS Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Asakura T, Isobe K, Kametani S, Ukpebor OT, Silverstein MC, Boutis GS. Characterization of water in hydrated Bombyx mori silk fibroin fiber and films by 2H NMR relaxation and 13C solid state NMR. Acta Biomater 2017; 50:322-333. [PMID: 28065870 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF), such as elasticity and tensile strength, change remarkably upon hydration. However, the microscopic interaction with water is not currently well understood on a molecular level. In this work, the dynamics of water molecules interacting with SF was studied by 2H solution NMR relaxation and exchange measurements. Additionally, the conformations of hydrated [3-13C]Ala-, [3-13C]Ser-, and [3-13C]Tyr-SF fibers and films were investigated by 13C DD/MAS NMR. Using an inverse Laplace transform algorithm, we were able to identify four distinct components in the relaxation times for water in SF fiber. Namely, A: bulk water outside the fiber, B: water molecules trapped weakly on the surface of the fiber, C: bound water molecules located in the inner surface of the fiber, and D: bound water molecules located in the inner part of the fiber were distinguishable. In addition, four components were also observed for water in the SF film immersed in methanol for 30s, while only two components for the film immersed in methanol for 24h. The effects of hydration on the conformation of Ser and Tyr residues in the site-specific crystalline and non-crystalline domains of 13C selectively labeled SF, respectively, could be determined independently. Our measurements provide new insight relating the characteristics of water and the hydration structure of silk, which are relevant in light of current interest in the design of novel silk-based biomaterials. STATEMENTS OF SIGNIFICANCE The mechanical properties of Bombyx mori silk fibroin (SF) change remarkably upon hydration. However, the microscopic interaction between SF and water is not currently well understood on a molecular level. We were able to identify four distinct components in the relaxation times for water in SF fiber by 2H solution NMR relaxation and exchange measurements. In addition, the effects of hydration on the conformation of Ser and Tyr residues in the site-specific crystalline and non-crystalline domains of 13C selectively labeled SF, respectively, could be determined independently. Thus, our measurements provide new insight relating the characteristics of water and the hydration structure of silk, which are relevant in light of current interest in the design of novel silk-based biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Isobe
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kametani
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Obehi T Ukpebor
- Department of Physics, Hunter College of The City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA
| | - Moshe C Silverstein
- Department of Physics, Hunter College of The City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, NY 10065, USA
| | - Gregory S Boutis
- Department of Physics, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA; Department of Physics, The Graduate Center of The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Prakash Menon M, Selvakumar R, Suresh kumar P, Ramakrishna S. Extraction and modification of cellulose nanofibers derived from biomass for environmental application. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra06713e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibers obtained from various plants and microbial sources, their extraction methods and various environmental applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Selvakumar
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory
- PSG Institute of Advanced Studies
- Coimbatore
- India-641004
| | - Palaniswamy Suresh kumar
- Environmental & Water Technology Centre of Innovation (EWTCOI)
- Ngee Ann Polytechnic
- Singapore-599489
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lindh EL, Terenzi C, Salmén L, Furó I. Water in cellulose: evidence and identification of immobile and mobile adsorbed phases by 2H MAS NMR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:4360-4369. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08219j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The organization of water molecules adsorbed onto cellulose and the supramolecular hydrated structure of microfibril aggregates represents, still today, one of the open and complex questions in the physical chemistry of natural polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Lindh
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- SE-10044 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - C. Terenzi
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- SE-10044 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - L. Salmén
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- SE-10044 Stockholm
- Sweden
- Innventia AB
| | - I. Furó
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology
- SE-10044 Stockholm
- Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lindh EL, Bergenstråhle-Wohlert M, Terenzi C, Salmén L, Furó I. Non-exchanging hydroxyl groups on the surface of cellulose fibrils: The role of interaction with water. Carbohydr Res 2016; 434:136-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
Lindh EL, Stilbs P, Furó I. Site-resolved (2)H relaxation experiments in solid materials by global line-shape analysis of MAS NMR spectra. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2016; 268:18-24. [PMID: 27152833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigate a way one can achieve good spectral resolution in (2)H MAS NMR experiments. The goal is to be able to distinguish between and study sites in various deuterated materials with small chemical shift dispersion. We show that the (2)H MAS NMR spectra recorded during a spin-relaxation experiment are amenable to spectral decomposition because of the different evolution of spectral components during the relaxation delay. We verify that the results are robust by global least-square fitting of the spectral series both under the assumption of specific line shapes and without such assumptions (COmponent-REsolved spectroscopy, CORE). In addition, we investigate the reliability of the developed protocol by analyzing spectra simulated with different combinations of spectral parameters. The performance is demonstrated in a model material of deuterated poly(methacrylic acid) that contains two (2)H spin populations with similar chemical shifts but different quadrupole splittings. In (2)H-exchanged cellulose containing two (2)H spin populations with very similar chemical shifts and quadrupole splittings, the method provides new site-selective information about the molecular dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E L Lindh
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Wallenberg Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Innventia AB, Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Stilbs
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Furó
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kharkov BB, Chizhik VI, Dvinskikh SV. Broadband cross-polarization-based heteronuclear dipolar recoupling for structural and dynamic NMR studies of rigid and soft solids. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:034201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4939798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
23
|
Galland S, Berthold F, Prakobna K, Berglund LA. Holocellulose Nanofibers of High Molar Mass and Small Diameter for High-Strength Nanopaper. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2427-35. [PMID: 26151837 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wood cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) based on bleached pulp are different from the cellulose microfibrils in the plant cell wall in terms of larger diameter, lower cellulose molar mass, and modified cellulose topochemistry. Also, CNF isolation often requires high-energy mechanical disintegration. Here, a new type of CNFs is reported based on a mild peracetic acid delignification process for spruce and aspen fibers, followed by low-energy mechanical disintegration. Resulting CNFs are characterized with respect to geometry (AFM, TEM), molar mass (SEC), and polysaccharide composition. Cellulose nanopaper films are prepared by filtration and characterized by UV-vis spectrometry for optical transparency and uniaxial tensile tests. These CNFs are unique in terms of high molar mass and cellulose-hemicellulose core-shell structure. Furthermore, the corresponding nanopaper structures exhibit exceptionally high optical transparency and the highest mechanical properties reported for comparable CNF nanopaper structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Galland
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Berthold
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.,‡Innventia AB, P.O. Box 5604, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kasinee Prakobna
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars A Berglund
- †Wallenberg Wood Science Center, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Prakobna K, Terenzi C, Zhou Q, Furó I, Berglund LA. Core–shell cellulose nanofibers for biocomposites – Nanostructural effects in hydrated state. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 125:92-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|