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Yamasaki R, Rajan R, Matsumura K. Enhancement of cryopreservation with intracellularly permeable zwitterionic polymers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:14001-14004. [PMID: 37941405 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel copolymer containing zwitterionic and methylsulfinyl structures was developed, which enhanced cryoprotective efficacy by enabling intracellular cytoplasmic permeation without relying on mediated endocytosis and diffused out of the cells within approximately 30 min, making it more advantageous than polymeric nanoparticles for the transport of membrane-impermeable cryoprotectants such as trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Yamasaki
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
| | - Robin Rajan
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
| | - Kazuaki Matsumura
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan.
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2
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Dhingra S, Gaur V, Bhattacharya J, Saha S. Photoinduced micropatterning on biodegradable aliphatic polyester surfaces for anchoring dual brushes and its application in bacteria and cell patterning. J Mater Chem B 2022; 11:83-98. [PMID: 36226487 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01477g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In view of intrinsic challenges encountered in surface patterning on actual biomaterials such as the ones based on biodegradable polymers, we have demonstrated an innovative strategy to create micro-patterns on the surface of tartaric acid based aliphatic polyester P (poly(hexamethylene 2,3-O-isoprpylidentartarate)) without significant loss of its molecular weight. Around 10 wt% PAG (photoacid generator, 2-(4-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine) was purposefully encapsulated in a polyester matrix comprising of P and PLA (polylactide) at a ratio of 5 : 95. With the help of a photomask, selective areas of the matrix were exposed to UV radiation at 395 nm for 25 min to trigger the acid release from PAG entrapped unmasked areas for generating hydroxyl functionality that was later converted to an ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) initiating moiety on the irradiated domain of P. In subsequent steps, spatio-selective surface modification by surface initiated ATRP was carried out to generate an alternate pattern of polyPEGMA (poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) and polyDMAPS (poly(3-dimethyl-(methacryloyloxyethyl)ammonium propane sulfonate)) brushes on the matrix. The patterned surface modified with dual brushes was found to be antifouling in nature (rejection of >97% of proteins). Strikingly, an alternate pattern of live bacterial cells (E. coli and S. aureus) was evident and a relatively high population of bacteria was found on the polyPEGMA brush modified domain. However, a complete reverse pattern was visible in the case of L929 mouse fibroblast cells, i.e., cells were found to predominantly adhere to and proliferate on the zwitterionic brush modified surface. An attempt was made to discuss a plausible mechanism of selective cell adhesion on the zwitterionic brush domain. This novel strategy employed on the biodegradable polymer surface provides an easy and straightforward way to micro-pattern various cells, bacteria, etc. on biodegradable substrates which hold great potential to function as biochips, diagnostics, bacteria/cell microarrays, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Dhingra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
| | - Vidit Gaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | | | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
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3
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Li Q, Wen C, Yang J, Zhou X, Zhu Y, Zheng J, Cheng G, Bai J, Xu T, Ji J, Jiang S, Zhang L, Zhang P. Zwitterionic Biomaterials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17073-17154. [PMID: 36201481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The term "zwitterionic polymers" refers to polymers that bear a pair of oppositely charged groups in their repeating units. When these oppositely charged groups are equally distributed at the molecular level, the molecules exhibit an overall neutral charge with a strong hydration effect via ionic solvation. The strong hydration effect constitutes the foundation of a series of exceptional properties of zwitterionic materials, including resistance to protein adsorption, lubrication at interfaces, promotion of protein stabilities, antifreezing in solutions, etc. As a result, zwitterionic materials have drawn great attention in biomedical and engineering applications in recent years. In this review, we give a comprehensive and panoramic overview of zwitterionic materials, covering the fundamentals of hydration and nonfouling behaviors, different types of zwitterionic surfaces and polymers, and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsi Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chiyu Wen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xianchi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yingnan Zhu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Tong Xu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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4
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Kostyurina E, Allgaier J, Kruteva M, Frielinghaus H, Csiszár A, Förster S, Biehl R. Passive Macromolecular Translocation Mechanism through Lipid Membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15348-15354. [PMID: 35951721 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The translocation of biologically active macromolecules through cell membranes is of vital importance for cells and is a key process for drug delivery. Proteins exploit specific conformational changes in their secondary structure to facilitate membrane translocation. For the large class of biological and synthetic macromolecules, where such conformational adaptions are not possible, guidelines to tailor the structure of monomers and macromolecules to aid membrane translocation and cross-membrane drug delivery would be highly desirable. Here, we use alternating amphiphilic macromolecules to systematically investigate the relation between polarity, polymer chain length, lipid chain length, polymer concentration, and temperature on membrane partition and translocation rate. We employed pulse field gradient NMR and confocal fluorescence microscopy to determine membrane adsorption and desorption rate constants and partitioning coefficients. We find that translocation is a two-step process involving a fast adsorption and membrane insertion process and a slower desorption process. Membrane insertion is a key step that determines the molecular weight, concentration, and temperature dependences. Passive translocation is possible on time scales from minutes to hours. Macromolecules with different adapted hydrophilic/hydrophobic comonomer sequences show the same translocation rate, indicating that common optimized translocation conditions can be realized with a variety of monomer chemical structures. The investigated copolymers are biocompatible, biodegradable, and capable of transporting a hydrophobic payload through the lipid membrane. This detailed understanding of the macromolecular translocation mechanism enables to better tailor the delivery of active agents using macromolecular carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Kostyurina
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Allgaier
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Margarita Kruteva
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Henrich Frielinghaus
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Agnes Csiszár
- Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Förster
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany.,Jülich Centre for Neutron Science at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Ralf Biehl
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Biological Information Processing (IBI-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52428 Jülich, Germany
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5
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Dhingra S, Gaur V, Saini V, Rana K, Bhattacharya J, Loho T, Ray S, Bajaj A, Saha S. Cytocompatible, soft and thick brush-modified scaffolds with prolonged antibacterial effect to mitigate wound infections. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3856-3877. [PMID: 35678619 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Biomedical device or implant-associated infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are a major clinical issue, and their prevention and/or treatment remains a challenging task. Infection-resistant antimicrobial coatings with impressive cytocompatibility offer a step towards addressing this problem. Herein, we report a new strategy for constructing highly antibacterial as well as cytocompatible mixed polymer brushes onto the surface of 3D printed scaffold made of biodegradable tartaric acid-based aliphatic polyester blends. The mixed brushes were nothing but a combination of poly(3-dimethyl-(methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate) (polyDMAPS) and poly((oligo ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (polyPEGMA) with varying chain length (n) of the ethylene glycol unit (n = 1, 6, 11, and 21). Both homo and copolymeric brushes of polyDMAPS with polyPEGMA exhibited antibacterial efficacy against both Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens such as E. coli (Escherichia coli) and S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) because of the combined action of bacteriostatic effects originating from strongly hydrated layers present in zwitterionic (polyDMAPS) and hydrophilic (polyPEGMA) copolymer brushes. Interestingly, a mixed polymer brush comprising polyDMAPS and polyPEGMA (ethylene glycol chain unit of 21) at 50/50 ratio provided zero bacterial growth and almost 100% cytocompatibility (tested using L929 mouse fibroblast cells), making the brush-modified biodegradable substrate an excellent choice for an infection-resistant and cytocompatible surface. An attempt was made to understand their extraordinary performance with the help of contact angle, surface charge analysis and nanoindentation study, which revealed the formation of a hydrophilic, almost neutral, very soft surface (99.99% reduction in hardness and modulus) after modification with the mixed brushes. This may completely suppress bacterial adhesion. Animal studies demonstrated that these brush-modified scaffolds are biocompatible and can mitigate wound infections. Overall, this study shows that the fascinating combination of an infection-resistant and cytocompatible surface can be generated on biodegradable polymeric surfaces by modulating the surface hardness, flexibility and hydrophilicity by selecting appropriate functionality of the copolymeric brushes grafted onto them, making them ideal non-leaching, anti-infective, hemocompatible and cytocompatible coatings for biodegradable implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Dhingra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
| | - Vidit Gaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | - Varsha Saini
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre For Biotechnology, India
| | - Kajal Rana
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre For Biotechnology, India
| | | | - Thomas Loho
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand Institute for Minerals to Materials Research, India
| | - Sudip Ray
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand Institute for Minerals to Materials Research, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre For Biotechnology, India
| | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
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Tamura A, Nishida K, Zhang S, Kang TW, Tonegawa A, Yui N. Cografting of Zwitterionic Sulfobetaines and Cationic Amines on β-Cyclodextrin-Threaded Polyrotaxanes Facilitates Cellular Association and Tissue Accumulation with High Biocompatibility. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2463-2476. [PMID: 35536230 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
β-Cyclodextrins (β-CDs) and β-CD-containing polymers have attracted considerable attention as potential candidates for the treatment of cholesterol-related metabolic and intractable diseases. We have advocated the use of β-CD-threaded acid-degradable polyrotaxanes (PRXs) as intracellular delivery carriers for β-CDs. As unmodified PRXs are insoluble in aqueous solutions, chemical modification of PRXs is an essential process to improve their solubility and impart novel functionalities. In this study, we investigated the effect of the modification of zwitterionic sulfobetaines on PRXs due to their excellent solubility, biocompatibility, and bioinert properties. Sulfobetaine-modified PRXs were synthesized by converting the tertiary amino groups of precursor 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl carbamate-modified PRXs (DMAE-PRXs) using 1,3-propanesultone. The resulting sulfobetaine-modified PRXs showed high solubility in aqueous solutions and no cytotoxicity, while their intracellular uptake levels were low. To further improve this system, we designed PRXs cografted with zwitterionic sulfobetaine and cationic DMAE groups via partial betainization of the DMAE groups. Consequently, the interaction with proteins, intracellular uptake levels, and liver accumulation of partly betainized PRXs were found to be higher than those of completely betainized PRXs. Additionally, partly betainized PRXs showed no toxicity in vitro or in vivo despite the presence of residual cationic DMAE groups. Furthermore, partly betainized PRXs ameliorated the abnormal free cholesterol accumulation in Niemann-Pick type C disease patient-derived cells at lower concentrations than β-CD derivatives and previously designed PRXs. Overall, the cografting of sulfobetaines and amines on PRXs is a promising chemical modification for therapeutic applications due to the high cholesterol-reducing ability and biocompatibility of such modified PRXs. In addition, modification with both zwitterionic and cationic groups can be used for the design of various polymeric materials exhibiting both bioinert and bioactive characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tamura
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kei Nishida
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Shunyao Zhang
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tae Woong Kang
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Asato Tonegawa
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Yui
- Department of Organic Biomaterials, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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7
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Study on the Shale Hydration Inhibition Performance of Triethylammonium Acetate. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Shale inhibitor is an additive for drilling fluids that can be used to inhibit shale hydration expansion and dispersion, and prevent wellbore collapse. Small molecular quaternary ammonium salt can enter the interlayer of clay crystal, and enables an excellent shale inhibition performance. In this paper, a novel ionic shale inhibitor, triethylammonium acetate (TEYA), was obtained by solvent-free synthesis by using acetic acid and triethylamine as raw materials. The final product was identified as the target product by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The inhibition performance of TEYA was studied by the mud ball immersion test, linear expansion test, rolling recovery test and particle size distribution test. The results demonstrated that the shale inhibitor shows a good shale hydration inhibition performance. The inhibition mechanism was studied by FT-IR and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively; the results showed that triethylammonium acetate TEYA could enter the crystal layer of clay and inhibit it through physical adsorption.
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8
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Morimoto N, Ota K, Miura Y, Shin H, Yamamoto M. Sulfobetaine polymers for effective permeability into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs). J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2649-2660. [PMID: 35024722 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02337c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) are attractive for drug screening before animal tests because they emulate an in vivo microenvironment. The permeability of the MCTSs and tumor tissues towards the candidate drugs is not sufficient even though the drugs can penetrate monolayer cultured cells; therefore, nanocarriers are required to enhance permeability and deliver drugs. In this study, we prepared zwitterionic polymers of sulfobetaine methacrylates and (meth)acrylamides with or without hydroxy groups between the zwitterions to serve as highly permeable nanocarriers. In the sulfobetaine polymers, poly(2-hydroxy-3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate), P(OH-MAAmSB), the hydroxy group containing methacrylamide polymer exhibited little cytotoxicity and membrane translocation ability against monolayer cultured cells. Moreover, the excellent permeability of the hepatocyte MCTS enabled P(OH-MAAmSB) to permeate it and reach the center region (∼325 μm in diameter) at approximately 150 s, although poly(trimethyl-2-methacroyloxyethylammonium), a cationic polymer, penetrated just 1 to 2 layers from the periphery. The superior permeability of P(OH-MAAmSB) might be due to its good solubility and side chain conformation. P(OH-MAAmSB) is a promising nanocarrier with membrane translocation and permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Ota
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Yuki Miura
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan. .,Graduate School of Medical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Sun Y, Yang Q, Xia X, Li X, Ruan W, Zheng M, Zou Y, Shi B. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Mitochondria Targeting Mediated Robust Cancer Therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:755727. [PMID: 34692665 PMCID: PMC8526929 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.755727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite all sorts of innovations in medical researches over the past decades, cancer remains a major threat to human health. Mitochondria are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, and their dysfunctions contribute to numerous diseases including cancers. Mitochondria-targeted cancer therapy, which specifically delivers drugs into the mitochondria, is a promising strategy for enhancing anticancer treatment efficiency. However, owing to their special double-layered membrane system and highly negative potentials, mitochondria remain a challenging target for therapeutic agents to reach and access. Polymeric nanoparticles exceed in cancer therapy ascribed to their unique features including ideal biocompatibility, readily design and synthesis, as well as flexible ligand decoration. Significant efforts have been put forward to develop mitochondria-targeted polymeric nanoparticles. In this review, we focused on the smart design of polymeric nanosystems for mitochondria targeting and summarized the current applications in improving cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Sun
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qingshan Yang
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaozhe Li
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weimin Ruan
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Meng Zheng
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bingyang Shi
- Henan-Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Konno T. [Design of Intelligent Interface Based on Cytocompatible Polymers for Control on Cell Function]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:641-646. [PMID: 33952745 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bioinspired polymeric biomaterials with excellent cytocompatibility have been designed in this study. 2-Methacryloyloxyehtyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) is a phospholipid polymer and an essential polymeric biomaterial, which has been used in various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications including implantable medical devices. Furthermore, it is a methacrylate monomer unit and can be copolymerized with other vinyl monomers via conventional radical polymerization. The water-solubility of MPC polymers depends on the molecular composition and molecular weight of the polymers. PMB is a water-soluble polymer copolymerized with hydrophobic n-butyl methacrylate, and can be used as a solubilizing agent for poorly soluble drugs. The phospholipid polymers showed low cytotoxicity, and the solubilized drugs effectively not only penetrated into the cells but also into the surrounding tissues. In addition, the water-soluble MPC polymer containing a phenylboronic acid moiety was observed to spontaneously form polymeric hydrogels with polyol compounds. The reversible polymer hydrogels were used as artificial extracellular matrices for cell immobilization and cell engineering. Polymeric biomaterials with intelligent interfaces might be explored as innovative techniques for application in pharmaceutical and life sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Konno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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11
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Morimoto N, Yamamoto M. Effective Permeation of Anticancer Drugs into Glioblastoma Spheroids via Conjugation with a Sulfobetaine Copolymer. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5044-5052. [PMID: 33095564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional cell aggregates (spheroids) are becoming a research focus because their construction is similar to that in vivo microenvironments, enabling the acceleration of drug discovery and reducing the need for animal tests, and other advantages. However, the delivery of drugs to the inside of spheroids is time-consuming and has low efficiency. In this study, we selected a sulfobetaine copolymer that translocates to the cell membrane in monolayer cultured cells as a nanocarrier of anticancer drugs. Doxorubicin (Dox) and 17-demethoxy-17-allylamino geldanamycin (17AAG) were modified to the copolymer of sulfobetaine methacrylate and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate, P(SB-PEG), and added to glioblastoma A-172 cell spheroids. Dox-P(SB-PEG) showed fast permeation into A-172 spheroids, and the fluorescence in cells was observed in the center area of the spheroids within 1 h of polymer addition. Conversely, only the outer one to two cell layers of spheroids were observed when Dox was added to the spheroids. Dox-P(SB-PEG) in A-172 spheroids was localized in the mitochondria of each cell and exhibited comparable drug efficacy to that of Dox in growth inhibition assays of A-172 spheroids. Moreover, approximately 10-fold higher drug efficacy in growth inhibition and invasion of A-172 spheroids was found using 17AAG-P(SB-PEG). Conjugating anticancer drugs with P(SB-PEG) is a promising strategy to enhance drug permeation and efficacy against spheroid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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12
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Morimoto N, Oishi Y, Yamamoto M. Control of Mitochondrial Localization Using Thermoresponsive Sulfobetaine Polymer. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000205. [PMID: 32924287 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fast intracellular migration and controlled localization of molecules represent significant challenges for future applications of drug discovery and related fields. In this study, thermoresponsive sulfobetaine polymers with pyridinium cations are evaluated as biocompatible and mitochondria-localizing agents. Among the polymers, poly(3-(4-(2-methacrylamido)ethyl pyridinio-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonate), P(E-PySMAAm)14k (Mn = 14 000 g mol-1 ) exhibit thermoresponsiveness with an upper critical solution temperature like behavior in cell culture medium containing serum with minimal cytotoxicity. Upon the addition of P(E-PySMAAm)14k to HeLa cells at temperatures above the clearing point at 37 °C, effective localization is observed in mitochondria. However, increased intensity but nonspecific localization is observed below the clearing point at 4 °C. Doxorubicin is conjugated to the P(E-PySMAAm) and achieves effective mitochondrial delivery while maintaining drug efficacy. Such sulfobetaine polymers represent promising tools for intracellular delivery of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Material Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Oishi
- Department of Material Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Material Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
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13
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Goda T, Hatano H, Yamamoto M, Miyahara Y, Morimoto N. Internalization Mechanisms of Pyridinium Sulfobetaine Polymers Evaluated by Induced Protic Perturbations on Cell Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:9977-9984. [PMID: 32787130 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions of soft nanomatters with cell membranes is particularly important for research into nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems, cell engineering, and subcellular imaging. Most nanoparticles, vesicles, micelles, and polymeric aggregates are internalized into endosomes and, eventually, lysosomes in the cytosol because of energy-dependent endocytic processes. Endocytic uptake substantially limits the access to the cytoplasm where a cargo agent acts. Bypassing the endocytic pathways by direct penetration into plasma membrane barriers would enhance the efficacy of nanomedicines. Some zwitterionic polymer nanoaggregates have been shown to permeate into the cell interior in an energy-independent manner. We have elucidated this phenomenon by observing changes in the biomembrane barrier functions against protons as the smallest indicator and have used these results to further design and develop poly(betaines). In this work, we investigated the translocation mechanisms for a series of zwitterionic poly(methacrylamide) and poly(methacrylate) species bearing a pyridinium propane sulfonate moiety in the monomers. Minor differences in the monomer structures and functional groups were observed to have dramatic effects on the interaction with plasma membranes during translocation. The ability to cross the plasma membrane involves a balance among the betaine dipole-dipole interaction, NH-π interaction, π-π interaction, cation-π interaction, and amide hydrogen bonding. We found that the cell-penetrating polysulfobetaines had limited or no detrimental effect on cell proliferation. Our findings enhance the opportunity to design and synthesize soft nanomatters for cell manipulations by passing across biomembrane partitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Goda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan
- Nano Innovation Institute, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, No. 22 HuoLinHe Street, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, P. R. China
| | - Hiroaki Hatano
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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14
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Kaneko M, Ishihara K, Nakanishi S. Redox-Active Polymers Connecting Living Microbial Cells to an Extracellular Electrical Circuit. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001849. [PMID: 32734709 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical systems in which metabolic electrons in living microbes have been extracted to or injected from an extracellular electrical circuit have attracted considerable attention as environmentally-friendly energy conversion systems. Since general microbes cannot exchange electrons with extracellular solids, electron mediators are needed to connect living cells to an extracellular electrode. Although hydrophobic small molecules that can penetrate cell membranes are commonly used as electron mediators, they cannot be dissolved at high concentrations in aqueous media. The use of hydrophobic mediators in combination with small hydrophilic redox molecules can substantially increase the efficiency of the extracellular electron transfer process, but this method has side effects, in some cases, such as cytotoxicity and environmental pollution. In this Review, recently-developed redox-active polymers are highlighted as a new type of electron mediator that has less cytotoxicity than many conventional electron mediators. Owing to the design flexibility of polymer structures, important parameters that affect electron transport properties, such as redox potential, the balance of hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity, and electron conductivity, can be systematically regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kaneko
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakanishi
- Research Center for Solar Energy Chemistry, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
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15
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Goda T, Miyahara Y, Ishihara K. Phospholipid-mimicking cell-penetrating polymers: principles and applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7633-7641. [PMID: 32720672 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01520b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions of eukaryotic cellular membranes with nanomaterials is required to construct efficient and safe nanomedicines and molecular bioengineering. Intracellular uptake of nanocarriers by active endocytosis limits the intracellular distribution to the endosomal compartment, impairing the intended biological actions of the cargo molecules. Nonendocytic intracellular migration is another route for nanomaterials with cationic or amphiphilic properties to evade the barrier function of the lipid bilayer plasma membranes. Direct transport of nanomaterials into cells is efficient, but this may cause cytotoxic or biocidal effects by temporarily disrupting the biological membrane barrier. We have recently discovered that nonendocytic internalization of synthetic amphipathic polymer-based nanoaggregates that mimic the structure of natural phospholipids can occur without inducing cytotoxicity. Analysis using a proton leakage assay indicated that the polymer enters cells by amphiphilicity-induced membrane fusion rather than by transmembrane pore formation. These noncytotoxic cell-penetrating polymers may find applications in drug delivery systems, gene transfection, cell therapies, and biomolecular engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Goda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8585, Japan.
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16
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The Inhibition Property and Mechanism of a Novel Low Molecular Weight Zwitterionic Copolymer for Improving Wellbore Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030708. [PMID: 32210118 PMCID: PMC7182901 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel low molecular weight zwitterionic copolymer for improving wellbore stability, which is expected to be an alternative to the current shale inhibitors, was obtained by copolymerization of tris hydroxyethyl allyl ammonium bromide (THAAB), 2-acrylamido-2- methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and acrylamide (AM), initiated by a redox initiation system in an aqueous solution. The copolymer, denoted as SX-1, was characterized by FT-IR, TGA-DSC, and GPC. Results demonstrated that the molecular weight of SX-1 was approximately 13,683 g/mol and it displayed temperature resistance up to 225 °C. Regarding the inhibition performance, evaluation experiments showed the hot rolling recovery of a Longmaxi shale sample in 2.0 wt % SX-1 solutions was up to 90.31% after hot rolling for 16 h at 120 °C. The Linear swelling height of Na-MMT artificial core in 2.0 wt % SX-1 solution was just 4.74 mm after 16 h. Methods including particle size analysis, FTIR, XRD, and SEM were utilized to study the inhibition mechanism of SX-1; results demonstrated that SX-1 had entered into the inner layer of sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) and adsorbed on the inner surface, and the micro-structure of Na-MMT was successfully changed by SX-1. The particle size of Na-MMT in distilled water was 8.05 μm, and it was observed that its size had increased to 603 μm after the addition of 2.0 wt % of SX-1. Its superior properties make this novel low molecular weight copolymer promising for ensuring wellbore stability, particularly for high temperature wells.
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17
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Morimoto N, Oishi Y, Yamamoto M. The Design of Sulfobetaine Polymers with Thermoresponsiveness under Physiological Salt Conditions. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Material ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐02 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Oishi
- Department of Material ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐02 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Material ProcessingGraduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐02 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
- Graduate School of Medical EngineeringTohoku University 6‐6‐12 Aramaki‐aza Aoba Aoba‐ku Sendai 980‐8579 Japan
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18
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Runser A, Dujardin D, Ernst P, Klymchenko AS, Reisch A. Zwitterionic Stealth Dye-Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles for Intracellular Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:117-125. [PMID: 31872751 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular applications of fluorescent nanoparticles (NPs) as probes and labels are currently limited by significant molecular crowding and the high level of complexity encountered inside living cells. The solution is to develop very small, bright, and noninteracting (stealth) NPs. Combining these properties requires implementing the stealth behavior through the thinnest possible hydrophilic shell. Here, we propose a one-step process for preparing ultrasmall and bright stealth NPs based on a zwitterionic (ZI) methacrylate-based copolymer. Dye-loaded polymer NPs are assembled through nanoprecipitation of the copolymer together with the salt of a rhodamine B derivative and a bulky hydrophobic counterion to achieve high particle brightness. We found that 10 mol % ZI groups in the polymer yield NPs of less than 15 nm that are stable in physiological salt conditions and practically resistant to protein adsorption, as suggested by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The combination of the very small size with the nonfouling nature of these particles enables spreading of ZI polymer NPs in the whole cytosol after their microinjection into living cells. In addition, single-particle tracking showed up to four times faster diffusion of ZI NPs in the cytosol compared to PEGylated NPs. The obtained dye-loaded ZI polymer NPs open the route to intracellular single-particle tracking and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Runser
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Denis Dujardin
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Pauline Ernst
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie , CNRS UMR 7021, Université de Strasbourg , 67401 Illkirch Cedex , France
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19
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Takahashi M, Matsui H, Ikemoto Y, Suzuki M, Morimoto N. Assessment of the VDW interaction converting DMAPS from the thermal-motion form to the hydrogen-bonded form. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13104. [PMID: 31511555 PMCID: PMC6739504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of van der Waals (VDW) interactions is fundamental to all of the central quest of structure that regulates the biological function. VDW interactions contributing to intramolecular weak hydrogen bonding are regarded as an important force to regulate the thermal stimuli-sensitive function of sulfobetaine methacrylate, DMAPS. We present here the conversion from the thermal-motion form at room temperature to the weak-hydrogen-bonded form against thermal motion as a terahertz spectral change with a definite isosbestic point from an absorption peak of one form to the other. Vibrational absorptions are used as a probe for assessing VDW interactions in conjunction with highly reliable and well-established density functional theory (DFT) calculations for analysis. Complicated spectral features and uncertain conformations of DMAPS in the amorphous state are clearly resolved under the polarizable continuum model and the dispersion correction for the pure DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masae Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Matsui
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuka Ikemoto
- Japan Synchrotron Radiat. Res. Inst. JASRI SPring-8, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
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20
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Biasutto L, Mattarei A, La Spina M, Azzolini M, Parrasia S, Szabò I, Zoratti M. Strategies to target bioactive molecules to subcellular compartments. Focus on natural compounds. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111557. [PMID: 31374419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many potential pharmacological targets are present in multiple subcellular compartments and have different pathophysiological roles depending on location. In these cases, selective targeting of a drug to the relevant subcellular domain(s) may help to sharpen its impact by providing topological specificity, thus limiting side effects, and to concentrate the compound where needed, thus increasing its effectiveness. We review here the state of the art in precision subcellular delivery. The major approaches confer "homing" properties to the active principle via permanent or reversible (in pro-drug fashion) modifications, or through the use of special-design nanoparticles or liposomes to ferry a drug(s) cargo to its desired destination. An assortment of peptides, substituents with delocalized positive charges, custom-blended lipid mixtures, pH- or enzyme-sensitive groups provide the main tools of the trade. Mitochondria, lysosomes and the cell membrane may be mentioned as the fronts on which the most significant advances have been made. Most of the examples presented here have to do with targeting natural compounds - in particular polyphenols, known as pleiotropic agents - to one or the other subcellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Dept. Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Martina La Spina
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Sofia Parrasia
- Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biology, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy; Dept. Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121, Padova, Italy
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21
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Zakharova LY, Kaupova GI, Gabdrakhmanov DR, Gaynanova GA, Ermakova EA, Mukhitov AR, Galkina IV, Cheresiz SV, Pokrovsky AG, Skvortsova PV, Gogolev YV, Zuev YF. Alkyl triphenylphosphonium surfactants as nucleic acid carriers: complexation efficacy toward DNA decamers, interaction with lipid bilayers and cytotoxicity studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:16706-16717. [PMID: 31321392 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02384d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, for the first time the complexation ability of a homological series of triphenylphosphonium surfactants (TPPB-n) toward DNA decamers has been explored. Formation of lipoplexes was confirmed by alternative techniques, including dynamic light scattering, indicating the occurrence of nanosized complexes (ca. 100-150 nm), and monitoring the charge neutralization of nucleotide phosphate groups and the fluorescence quenching of dye-intercalator ethidium bromide. The complexation efficacy of TPPB-surfactants toward an oligonucleotide (ONu) is compared with that of reference cationic surfactants. Strong effects of the alkyl chain length and the structure of the head group on the surfactant/ONu interaction are revealed, which probably occur via different mechanisms, with electrostatic and hydrophobic forces or intercalation imbedding involved. Phosphonium surfactants are shown to be capable of disordering lipid bilayers, which is supported by a decrease in the temperature of the main phase transition, Tm. This effect enhances with an increase in the alkyl chain length, indicating the integration of TPPB-n with lipid membranes. This markedly differs from the behavior of typical cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, which induces an increase in the Tm value. It was demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of TPPB-n in terms of the MTT-test on a human cell line 293T nonmonotonically changes within the homological series, with the highest cytotoxicity exhibited by the dodecyl and tetradecyl homologs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Ya Zakharova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Guzalia I Kaupova
- Scientific and Technological Center of PAO "Niznekamskneftekhim", Sobolekovskaya Street 23, Nizhnekamsk 423574, Russia
| | - Dinar R Gabdrakhmanov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Gulnara A Gaynanova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov Street 8, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Elena A Ermakova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevski Street 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Alexander R Mukhitov
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevski Street 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Irina V Galkina
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kremlevskaya Street 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Sergey V Cheresiz
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Andrey G Pokrovsky
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Polina V Skvortsova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevski Street 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Yuri V Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevski Street 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Yuriy F Zuev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Lobachevski Street 2/31, Kazan 420111, Russia
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22
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Goda T, Imaizumi Y, Hatano H, Matsumoto A, Ishihara K, Miyahara Y. Translocation Mechanisms of Cell-Penetrating Polymers Identified by Induced Proton Dynamics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8167-8173. [PMID: 31094202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Unlike the majority of nanomaterials designed for cellular uptake via endocytic pathways, some of the functional nanoparticles and nanospheres directly enter the cytoplasm without overt biomembrane injuries. Previously, we have shown that a water-soluble nanoaggregate composed of amphiphilic random copolymer of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and n-butyl methacrylate (BMA), poly(MPC- random-BMA) (PMB), passes live cell membranes in an endocytosis-free manner. Yet, details in its translocation mechanism remain elusive due to the lack of proper analytical methods. To understand this phenomenon experimentally, we elaborated the original pH perturbation assay that is extremely sensitive to the pore formation on cell membranes. The ultimate sensitivity originates from the detection of the smallest indicator H+ (H3O+) passed through the molecularly sized transmembrane pores upon challenge by exogenous reagents. We revealed that water-soluble PMB at the 30 mol % MPC unit (i.e., PMB30W) penetrated into the cytosol of model mammalian cells without any proton leaks, in contrast to conventional cell-penetrating peptides, TAT and R8 as well as the surfactant, Triton X-100. While exposure of PMB30W permeabilized cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase out of the cells, indicating the alteration of cell membrane polarity by partitioning of amphiphilic PMB30W into the lipid bilayers. Nevertheless, the biomembrane alterations by PMB30W did not exhibit cytotoxicity. In summary, elucidating translocation mechanisms by proton dynamics will guide the design of nanomaterials with controlled permeabilization to cell membranes for bioengineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Goda
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai , Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 , Japan
- Nano Innovation Institute , Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities , No. 22 HuoLinHe Street , Tongliao , Inner Mongolia 028000 , P. R. China
| | - Yuki Imaizumi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai , Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Hatano
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai , Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 , Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai , Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 , Japan
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC) , 705-1 Shimoimaizumi , Ebina , Kanagawa 243-0435 , Japan
| | | | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai , Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062 , Japan
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23
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Koda Y, Takahashi D, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K. Amphiphilic Poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate]s with OH Groups in the PEG Side Chains for Controlling Solution/Rheological Properties and toward Bioapplication. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1920-1930. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Koda
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO Akiyoshi Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura Int’tech center, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
| | - Daiki Takahashi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO Akiyoshi Bio-Nanotransporter Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Katsura Int’tech center, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan
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24
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Laschewsky A, Rosenhahn A. Molecular Design of Zwitterionic Polymer Interfaces: Searching for the Difference. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:1056-1071. [PMID: 30048142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of zwitterionic compounds in nature has incited their frequent use in designing biomimetic materials. Therefore, zwitterionic polymers are a thriving field. A particular interest for this particular polymer class has currently focused on their use in establishing neutral, low-fouling surfaces. After highlighting strategies to prepare model zwitterionic surfaces as well as those that are more suitable for practical purposes relying strongly on radical polymerization methods, we present recent efforts to diversify the structure of the hitherto quite limited variety of zwitterionic monomers and of the derived polymers. We identify key structural variables, consider their influence on essential properties such as overall hydrophilicity and long-term stability, and discuss promising targets for the synthesis of new variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknechtstr. 24-25 , 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP , Geiselbergstr. 69 , 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
| | - Axel Rosenhahn
- Analytische Chemie-Biogrenzflächen , Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Universitätsstr. 150 NC , 44801 Bochum , Germany
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Maysinger D, Moquin A, Choi J, Kodiha M, Stochaj U. Gold nanourchins and celastrol reorganize the nucleo- and cytoskeleton of glioblastoma cells. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:1716-1726. [PMID: 29308473 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07833a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of diverse gold nanoparticle (AuNP) morphologies with smooth surfaces have been examined extensively. Much less is known about AuNPs with irregular surfaces. This study focuses on the effects of gold nanourchins in glioblastoma cells. With limited success of monotherapies for glioblastoma, multimodal treatment has become the preferred regimen. One possible example for such future therapeutic applications is the combination of AuNPs with the natural cytotoxic agent celastrol. Here, we used complementary physical, chemical and biological methods to characterize AuNPs and investigate their impact on glioblastoma cells. Our results show that gold nanourchins altered glioblastoma cell morphology and reorganized the nucleo- and cytoskeleton. These changes were dependent on gold nanourchin surface modification. PEGylated nanourchins had no significant effect on glioblastoma cell morphology or viability, unless they were combined with celastrol. By contrast, CTAB-nanourchins adversely affected the nuclear lamina, microtubules and filamentous actin. These alterations correlated with significant glioblastoma cell death. We identified several mechanisms that contributed to the impact of AuNPs on the cytoskeleton and cell survival. Specifically, CTAB-nanourchins caused a significant increase in the abundance of Rock1. This protein kinase is a key regulator of the cytoskeleton. In addition, CTAB-nanourchins led to a marked decline in pro-survival signaling via the PI3 kinase-Akt pathway. Taken together, our study provides new insights into the molecular pathways and structural components altered by gold nanourchins and their implications for multimodal glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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Morimoto N, Takei R, Wakamura M, Oishi Y, Nakayama M, Suzuki M, Yamamoto M, Winnik FM. Fast and effective mitochondrial delivery of ω-Rhodamine-B-polysulfobetaine-PEG copolymers. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1128. [PMID: 29348616 PMCID: PMC5773493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19598-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial targeting and entry, two crucial steps in fighting severe diseases resulting from mitochondria dysfunction, pose important challenges in current nanomedicine. Cell-penetrating peptides or targeting groups, such as Rhodamine-B (Rho), are known to localize in mitochondria, but little is known on how to enhance their effectiveness through structural properties of polymeric carriers. To address this issue, we prepared 8 copolymers of 3-dimethyl(methacryloyloxyethyl)ammonium propane sulfonate and poly(ethyleneglycol) methacrylate, p(DMAPS-ran-PEGMA) (molecular weight, 18.0 < M n < 74.0 kg/mol) with two different endgroups. We labeled them with Rho groups attached along the chain or on one of the two endgroups (α or ω). From studies by flow cytometry and confocal fluorescence microscopy of the copolymers internalization in HeLa cells in the absence and presence of pharmacological inhibitors, we established that the polymers cross the cell membrane foremost by translocation and also by endocytosis, primarily clathrin-dependent endocytosis. The most effective mitochondrial entry was achieved by copolymers of M n < 30.0 kg/mol, lightly grafted with PEG chains (< 5 mol %) labeled with Rho in the ω-position. Our findings may be generalized to the uptake and mitochondrial targeting of prodrugs and imaging agents with a similar polymeric scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Riho Takei
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masaru Wakamura
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Oishi
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakayama
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Aramaki aza Aoba 6-3, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
| | - Françoise M Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, CP6128 Succursale Center Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
- Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, NIMS, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.
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Wang WL, Ma XJ, Yu XF. pH-responsive polymersome based on PMCP-b-PDPA as a drug delivery system to enhance cellular internalization and intracellular drug release. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1982-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ding H, Fox I, Patil R, Galstyan A, Black KL, Ljubimova JY, Holler E. Polymalic Acid Tritryptophan Copolymer Interacts with Lipid Membrane Resulting in Membrane Solubilization. JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS 2017; 2017:4238697. [PMID: 29081792 PMCID: PMC5656384 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4238697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Anionic polymers with membrane permeation functionalities are highly desirable for secure cytoplasmic drug delivery. We have developed tritryptophan containing copolymer (P/WWW) of polymalic acid (PMLA) that permeates membranes by a mechanism different from previously described PMLA copolymers of trileucine (P/LLL) and leucine ethyl ester (P/LOEt) that use the "barrel stave" and "carpet" mechanism, respectively. The novel mechanism leads to solubilization of membranes by forming copolymer "belts" around planar membrane "packages." The formation of such packages is supported by results obtained from studies including size-exclusion chromatography, confocal microscopy, and fluorescence energy transfer. According to this "belt" mechanism, it is hypothesized that P/WWW first attaches to the membrane surface. Subsequently the hydrophobic tryptophan side chains translocate into the periphery and insert into the lipid bilayer thereby cutting the membrane into packages. The reaction is driven by the high affinity between the tryptophan residues and lipid side chains resulting in a stable configuration. The formation of the membrane packages requires physical agitation suggesting that the success of the translocation depends on the fluidity of the membrane. It is emphasized that the "belt" mechanism could specifically function in the recognition of abnormal cells with high membrane fluidity and in response to hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Irving Fox
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rameshwar Patil
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Anna Galstyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Keith L. Black
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Julia Y. Ljubimova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Eggehard Holler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Institut für Biophysik und Physikalische Biochemie der Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Pradeepkumar P, Govindaraj D, Jeyaraj M, Munusamy MA, Rajan M. Assembling of multifunctional latex-based hybrid nanocarriers from Calotropis gigantea for sustained (doxorubicin) DOX releases. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:461-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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