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Chou PJ, Peter RM, Shannar A, Pan Y, Dave PD, Xu J, Sarwar MS, Kong AN. Epigenetics of Dietary Phytochemicals in Cancer Prevention: Fact or Fiction. Cancer J 2024; 30:320-328. [PMID: 39312452 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cancer development takes 10 to 50 years, and epigenetics plays an important role. Recent evidence suggests that ~80% of human cancers are linked to environmental factors impinging upon genetics/epigenetics. Because advanced metastasized cancers are resistant to radiation/chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer prevention by relatively nontoxic "epigenetic modifiers" will be logical. Many dietary phytochemicals possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that are hallmarks of cancer prevention. Dietary phytochemicals can regulate gene expression of the cellular genome via epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we will summarize preclinical studies that demonstrate epigenetic mechanisms of dietary phytochemicals in skin, colorectal, and prostate cancer prevention. Key examples of the importance of epigenetic regulation in carcinogenesis include hypermethylation of the NRF2 promoter region in cancer cells, resulting in inhibition of NRF2-ARE signaling. Many dietary phytochemicals demethylate NRF2 promoter region and restore NRF2 signaling. Phytochemicals can also inhibit inflammatory responses via hypermethylation of inflammation-relevant genes to block gene expression. Altogether, dietary phytochemicals are excellent candidates for cancer prevention due to their low toxicity, potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and powerful epigenetic effects in reversing procarcinogenic events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Md Shahid Sarwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ
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Su Y, Huang J, Shi P, Li P, Huang P, Zeng J. Lotus Leaf Extract Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mice by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. J Med Food 2024; 27:428-436. [PMID: 38526570 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.k.0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease, a disease featured by intestinal epithelial barrier destruction and dysfunction, has been a constant threat to animal health. The primary objective of this research was to assess the impact of the extract derived from lotus leaves (LLE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced damage to the intestines in mice, as well as to investigate the fundamental mechanism involved. The LLE was prepared using ultrasonic extraction in this experiment, and the LLE total flavonoid content was 117.02 ± 10.73 mg/g. The LLE had strong antioxidant activity in vitro, as assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) methods. In the vivo experiment, different doses of LLE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were administered for 2 weeks before LPS treatment in mice. The results revealed that LLE alleviates intestinal tissue damage in LPS-induced mice. In the jejunum tissue, LLE significantly upregulated mRNA and protein expression levels of tight junction proteins, such as ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1, and decreased the contents of the inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Furthermore, the malondialdehyde and lactate dehydrogenase contents increased by LPS in the liver were significantly reduced after administration of LLE, and the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione decreased by LPS were remarkably increased by LLE. It was found that LLE could relieve LPS-induced oxidative stress by upregulating mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in jejunum tissue. In conclusion, LLE alleviates LPS-induced intestinal damage through regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway to alleviate oxidative stress, reducing inflammatory factors and increasing the expression of tight junction proteins in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jialu Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Panpan Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pingping Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zou B, Long Y, Gao R, Liu Q, Tian X, Liu B, Zhou Q. Nanodelivery system of traditional Chinese medicine bioactive compounds: Application in the treatment of prostate cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:155554. [PMID: 39341127 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long history of clinical experience in China have confirmed the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in treating prostate cancer (PCa). Until now, several bioactive compounds with anti-PCa potential, such as curcumin, gallic acid, and quercetin, have been extracted from TCM. Recent studies have shown that encapsulating these TCM bioactive compounds into nano-delivery system enhanced their bioavailability and improved their ability to target PCa tumors. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the anti-PCa effects and molecular mechanisms of TCM bioactive compounds and discuss the clinical application prospects and future research trends of nano-delivery system based on these compounds. METHODS Literatures focusing on the treatment of PCa using traditional Chinese medicine compounds via nano-drug delivery system were searched from Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until December 2023. RESULTS Polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenes, and quinones exhibit anti-PCa effects through various pathways. Notably, compounds like curcumin, gallic acid, quercetin, and tanshinone have been extensively studied in nano-delivery systems for anti-PCa purpose. Nano-delivery systems enhance the biological activity of free compounds and reduce toxic side effects, as well. Commonly used nanomaterials for delivering TCM compounds include polymer nanomaterials, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and niosomes. CONCLUSION Research on nano-delivery systems for TCM bioactive compounds holds promising prospects for anti-PCa therapy. However, extensive clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these nanodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95, Changsha 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95, Changsha 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Ruisong Gao
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95, Changsha 410007, Hunan, China
| | - Qizhi Liu
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Xuefei Tian
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Biology of Hunan University, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95, Changsha 410007, Hunan, China.
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Besasie BD, Saha A, DiGiovanni J, Liss MA. Effects of curcumin and ursolic acid in prostate cancer: A systematic review. Urologia 2024; 91:90-106. [PMID: 37776274 DOI: 10.1177/03915603231202304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
The major barriers to phytonutrients in prostate cancer therapy are non-specific mechanisms and bioavailability issues. Studies have pointed to a synergistic combination of curcumin (CURC) and ursolic acid (UA). We investigate this combination using a systematic review process to assess the most likely mechanistic pathway and human testing in prostate cancer. We used the PRISMA statement to screen titles, abstracts, and the full texts of relevant articles and performed a descriptive analysis of the literature reviewed for study inclusion and consensus of the manuscript. The most common molecular and cellular pathway from articles reporting on the pathways and effects of CURC (n = 173) in prostate cancer was NF-κB (n = 25, 14.5%). The most common molecular and cellular pathway from articles reporting on the pathways and effects of UA (n = 24) in prostate cancer was caspase 3/caspase 9 (n = 10, 41.6%). The three most common molecular and cellular pathway from articles reporting on the pathways and effects of both CURC and UA (n = 193) in prostate cancer was NF-κB (n = 28, 14.2%), Akt (n = 22, 11.2%), and androgen (n = 19, 9.6%). Therefore, we have identified the potential synergistic target pathways of curcumin and ursolic acid to involve NF-κB, Akt, androgen receptors, and apoptosis pathways. Our review highlights the limited human studies and specific effects in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Besasie
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | - Michael A Liss
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
- Department of Urology, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, USA
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Divyajanani S, Harithpriya K, Ganesan K, Ramkumar KM. Dietary Polyphenols Remodel DNA Methylation Patterns of NRF2 in Chronic Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:3347. [PMID: 37571283 PMCID: PMC10420661 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor crucial in regulating cellular homeostasis and apoptosis. The NRF2 gene has been implicated in various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. NRF2 can be regulated genetically and epigenetically at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Although DNA methylation is one of the critical biological processes vital for gene expression, sometimes, anomalous methylation patterns result in the dysregulation of genes and consequent diseases and disorders. Several studies have reported promoter hypermethylation downregulated NRF2 expression and its downstream targets. In contrast to the unalterable nature of genetic patterns, epigenetic changes can be reversed, opening up new possibilities in developing therapies for various metabolic disorders and diseases. This review discusses the current state of the NRF2-mediated antioxidative and chemopreventive activities of several natural phytochemicals, including sulforaphane, resveratrol, curcumin, luteolin, corosolic acid, apigenin, and most other compounds that have been found to activate NRF2. This epigenetic reversal of hypermethylated NRF2 states provides new opportunities for research into dietary phytochemistry that affects the human epigenome and the possibility for cutting-edge approaches to target NRF2-mediated signaling to prevent chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasaragavan Divyajanani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603210, Tamil Nadu, India; (S.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Kannan Harithpriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603210, Tamil Nadu, India; (S.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603210, Tamil Nadu, India; (S.D.); (K.H.)
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Marzioni D, Mazzucchelli R, Fantone S, Tossetta G. NRF2 modulation in TRAMP mice: an in vivo model of prostate cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:873-881. [PMID: 36335520 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08052-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and oxidative stress is involved in its occurrence, development and progression. In fact, in transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, prostate cancer onset is associated with the methylation of the first five CpG in the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) promoter, a key regulator of oxidative stress response, leading to its downregulation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been demonstrated that both natural and synthetic compounds can reactivate NRF2 expression inhibiting the methylation status of its promoter by downregulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Interestingly, NRF2 re-expression significantly reduced prostate cancer onset in TRAMP mice highlighting an important role of NRF2 in prostate tumorigenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed the current literature regarding the role of natural and synthetic compounds in modulating NRF2 pathway in TRAMP mice, an in vivo model of prostate cancer, to give an overview on prostate carcinogenesis and its possible prevention. CONCLUSION We can conclude that specific natural and synthetic compounds can downregulate DNMTs and/or HDACs inhibiting the methylation status of NRF2 promoter, then reactivating the expression of NRF2 protecting normal prostatic cells from ROS damage and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberta Mazzucchelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy. .,Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Ancona, Italy.
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Investigation of the effects of the royal jelly on genomic demethylation and tumor suppressor genes in human cancer cells. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 40:59. [PMID: 36564533 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01927-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Royal jelly is a gelatinous nutrient secretion produced by the mandibular glands of young worker honey bees and has a critical role in honey bee life. In the honey bee colonies, queen and worker honey bees have very different morphologies and behaviors due to their diet in the larval period, despite having the same genome. In comparison, queen bees formed from larvae that feed royal jelly exclusively, and worker bees formed from larvae that feed on much less royal jelly. DNA methylation has been shown to play a critical role in the development of queen and worker honeybees. Alterations in DNA methylation, one of the epigenetic mechanisms defined as hereditable nucleotide modifications that occur in gene expression without changes in the DNA sequence, are closely related to many diseases, especially cancer. Hypermethylation of CpG islands located in the promoter regions of genes causes gene silencing and tumor suppressor genes epigenetically have silenced in cancer. The inactivation of tumor suppressor genes disrupts nearly all cellular pathways in cancer. In contrast to genetic alterations, gene silencing by epigenetic modifications may potentially be reversed and used in cancer treatment. Royal jelly, which causes epigenetic changes in bee colonies, has the potential to cause a change in cancer cells. In our study, royal jelly's effects on DNA methyltransferase enzyme and gene methylation of RASSF1A tumor suppressor were investigated in human cancer cell lines (HeLa, HT29, and A549), and modifications in the gene expression profile of royal jelly were determined by next generation sequencing.
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Yergaliyeva E, Bazhykova K, Abeuova S, Vazhev V, Langer P. In silico drug-likeness, biological activity and toxicity prediction of new 3,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one derivatives. CHEMICAL BULLETIN OF KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.15328/cb1272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the results of predicting drug-likeness, biological activity, and toxicity for 8 new derivatives of 3,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-4H-pyran-4-one using bioinformatic methods. The physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters of the studied compounds were determined, in silico screening for biological activity and prediction of their toxicity were carried out. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated using the Molinspiration Cheminformatics service. It was found that compounds 1–11 corresponded to Lipinski’s rule for drug-like compounds. As predicted in Molinspiration, compound 4 exhibits significant biological activity as a possible enzyme inhibitor and G-protein coupled receptor ligand. Compound 6 is active as an ion channel modulator. Virtual PASS screening identified compounds with potential antidiabetic activity (1–3, 5–8) and activity in the treatment of phobic disorders and dementias (1–5, 7, 8, 11). Compound 1 can potentially act as a substrate for CYP2H, and inhibitors of enzymes of the peptidase group are 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11. As a result of QSAR prediction based on LD50 values calculated in ProTox-II, compound 10 belongs to class 6; compounds 1–3, 5 and 8 belong to the 5th class of toxicity; compounds 6 and 9 belong to the 4th class. Compound 4 belongs to class 3. Compounds 1–9 do not exhibit the toxicities shown in the ProTox-II models. Compounds 10 and 11 may be carcinogenic.
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Su ZY, Lai BA, Lin ZH, Wei GJ, Huang SH, Tung YC, Wu TY, Hun Lee J, Hsu YC. Water extract of lotus leaves has hepatoprotective activity by enhancing Nrf2- and epigenetics-mediated cellular antioxidant capacity in mouse hepatocytes. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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10
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Buttari B, Arese M, Oberley-Deegan RE, Saso L, Chatterjee A. NRF2: A crucial regulator for mitochondrial metabolic shift and prostate cancer progression. Front Physiol 2022; 13:989793. [PMID: 36213236 PMCID: PMC9540504 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.989793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alterations are a common survival mechanism for prostate cancer progression and therapy resistance. Oxidative stress in the cellular and tumor microenvironment dictates metabolic switching in the cancer cells to adopt, prosper and escape therapeutic stress. Therefore, regulation of oxidative stress in tumor cells and in the tumor-microenvironment may enhance the action of conventional anticancer therapies. NRF2 is the master regulator for oxidative stress management. However, the overall oxidative stress varies with PCa clinical stage, metabolic state and therapy used for the cancer. In agreement, the blanket use of NRF2 inducers or inhibitors along with anticancer therapies cause adverse effects in some preclinical cancer models. In this review, we have summarized the levels of oxidative stress, metabolic preferences and NRF2 activity in the different stages of prostate cancer. We also propose condition specific ways to use NRF2 inducers or inhibitors along with conventional prostate cancer therapies. The significance of this review is not only to provide a detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of NRF2 to regulate oxidative stress-mediated metabolic switching by prostate cancer cells to escape the radiation, chemo, or hormonal therapies, and to grow aggressively, but also to provide a potential therapeutic method to control aggressive prostate cancer growth by stage specific proper use of NRF2 regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Arese
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rebecca E. Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘‘Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arpita Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Arpita Chatterjee,
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Hashemi M, Mirzaei S, Barati M, Hejazi ES, Kakavand A, Entezari M, Salimimoghadam S, Kalbasi A, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Sethi G. Curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers: Therapeutic targets, challenges and prospects. Life Sci 2022; 309:120984. [PMID: 36150461 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Urological cancers include bladder, prostate and renal cancers that can cause death in males and females. Patients with urological cancers are mainly diagnosed at an advanced disease stage when they also develop resistance to therapy or poor response. The use of natural products in the treatment of urological cancers has shown a significant increase. Curcumin has been widely used in cancer treatment due to its ability to trigger cell death and suppress metastasis. The beneficial effects of curcumin in the treatment of urological cancers is the focus of current review. Curcumin can induce apoptosis in the three types of urological cancers limiting their proliferative potential. Furthermore, curcumin can suppress invasion of urological cancers through EMT inhibition. Notably, curcumin decreases the expression of MMPs, therefore interfering with urological cancer metastasis. When used in combination with chemotherapy agents, curcumin displays synergistic effects in suppressing cancer progression. It can also be used as a chemosensitizer. Based on pre-clinical studies, curcumin administration is beneficial in the treatment of urological cancers and future clinical applications might be considered upon solving problems related to the poor bioavailability of the compound. To improve the bioavailability of curcumin and increase its therapeutic index in urological cancer suppression, nanostructures have been developed to favor targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryamsadat Barati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic (Fundamental) Science, Shahr Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Sadat Hejazi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirabbas Kakavand
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
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Hao Q, Wu Y, Vadgama JV, Wang P. Phytochemicals in Inhibition of Prostate Cancer: Evidence from Molecular Mechanisms Studies. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1306. [PMID: 36139145 PMCID: PMC9496067 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of death for men worldwide. The development of resistance, toxicity, and side effects of conventional therapies have made prostate cancer treatment become more intensive and aggressive. Many phytochemicals isolated from plants have shown to be tumor cytotoxic. In vitro laboratory studies have revealed that natural compounds can affect cancer cell proliferation by modulating many crucial cellular signaling pathways frequently dysregulated in prostate cancer. A multitude of natural compounds have been found to induce cell cycle arrest, promote apoptosis, inhibit cancer cell growth, and suppress angiogenesis. In addition, combinatorial use of natural compounds with hormone and/or chemotherapeutic drugs seems to be a promising strategy to enhance the therapeutic effect in a less toxic manner, as suggested by pre-clinical studies. In this context, we systematically reviewed the currently available literature of naturally occurring compounds isolated from vegetables, fruits, teas, and herbs, with their relevant mechanisms of action in prostate cancer. As there is increasing data on how phytochemicals interfere with diverse molecular pathways in prostate cancer, this review discusses and emphasizes the implicated molecular pathways of cell proliferation, cell cycle control, apoptosis, and autophagy as important processes that control tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In conclusion, the elucidation of the natural compounds' chemical structure-based anti-cancer mechanisms will facilitate drug development and the optimization of drug combinations. Phytochemicals, as anti-cancer agents in the treatment of prostate cancer, can have significant health benefits for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Hao
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Yanyuan Wu
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jaydutt V. Vadgama
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Piwen Wang
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
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Deng T, Xu X, Fu J, Xu Y, Qu W, Pi J, Wang H. Application of ARE-reporter systems in drug discovery and safety assessment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116243. [PMID: 36115658 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The human body is continuously exposed to xenobiotics and internal or external oxidants. The health risk assessment of exogenous chemicals remains a complex and challenging issue. Alternative toxicological test methods have become an essential strategy for health risk assessment. As a core regulator of constitutive and inducible expression of antioxidant response element (ARE)-dependent genes, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Consistent with the properties of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response, Nrf2-ARE activity is a direct indicator of oxidative stress and thus has been used to identify and characterize oxidative stressors and redox modulators. To screen and distinguish chemicals or environmental insults that affect the cellular antioxidant activity and/or induce oxidative stress, various in vitro cell models expressing distinct ARE reporters with high-throughput and high-content properties have been developed. These ARE-reporter systems are currently widely applied in drug discovery and safety assessment. In the present review, we provide an overview of the basic structures and applications of various ARE-reporter systems employed for discovering Nrf2-ARE modulators and characterizing oxidative stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Deng
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xiaoge Xu
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jingqi Fu
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingbo Pi
- Program of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Huihui Wang
- Laboratory of Chronic Disease and Environmental Genomics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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14
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Zhang S, Duan S, Xie Z, Bao W, Xu B, Yang W, Zhou L. Epigenetic Therapeutics Targeting NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Cancer Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924817. [PMID: 35754474 PMCID: PMC9218606 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its negative regulator kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) regulate various genes involved in redox homeostasis, which protects cells from stress conditions such as reactive oxygen species and therefore exerts beneficial effects on suppression of carcinogenesis. In addition to their pivotal role in cellular physiology, accumulating innovative studies indicated that NRF2/KEAP1-governed pathways may conversely be oncogenic and cause therapy resistance, which was profoundly modulated by epigenetic mechanism. Therefore, targeting epigenetic regulation in NRF2/KEAP1 signaling is a potential strategy for cancer treatment. In this paper, the current knowledge on the role of NRF2/KEAP1 signaling in cancer oxidative stress is presented, with a focus on how epigenetic modifications might influence cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, the prospect that epigenetic changes may be used as therapeutic targets for tumor treatment is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sining Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuojun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanlin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medical Affairs, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingyun Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Yang Y, Liu Y, Zhang AL, Tang SF, Ming Q, Ao CY, Liu Y, Li CZ, Yu C, Zhao H, Chen L, Li J. Curcumin protects against manganese-induced neurotoxicity in rat by regulating oxidative stress-related gene expression via H3K27 acetylation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113469. [PMID: 35367881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-term manganese exposure causes a neurodegenerative disorder referred to as manganese poisoning, but the mechanism remains unclear and no specific treatment is available. Oxidative stress is widely recognised as one of the main causes of manganese-induced neurotoxicity. In recent years, the role of histone acetylation in neurodegenerative diseases has been widely concerned. curcumin is a natural polyphenol compound extracted from the rhizome of turmeric and exhibits both antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether and how curcumin protects against manganese-induced neurotoxicity from the perspective of histone acetylation, based on the reversibility of histone acetylation modification. In this study, rats were treated with or without curcumin and subjected to long-term manganese exposure. Results that treatment of manganese decreased the protein expression of H3K18 acetylation and H3K27 acetylation at the promoters of oxidative stress-related genes and inhibited the expression of these genes. Nevertheless, curcumin increased the H3K27 acetylation level at the manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) gene promoter and promoted the expression of SOD2 gene. Oxidative damage in the rat striatum as well as learning and memory dysfunction were ameliorated after curcumin treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that the regulation of oxidative stress by histone acetylation may be a key mechanism of manganese-induced neurotoxicity. In addition, curcumin ameliorates Mn-induced neurotoxicity may be due to alleviation of oxidative damage mediated by increased activation of H3K27 acetylation at the SOD2 gene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - An-Liu Zhang
- Guiyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, China
| | - Shun-Fang Tang
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Qian Ming
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chun-Yan Ao
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chang-Zhe Li
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chun Yu
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Public Heath, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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16
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Mondal D, Narwani D, Notta S, Ghaffar D, Mardhekar N, Quadri SSA. Oxidative stress and redox signaling in CRPC progression: therapeutic potential of clinically-tested Nrf2-activators. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:96-124. [PMID: 35582006 PMCID: PMC9019181 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the mainstay regimen in patients with androgen-dependent prostate cancer (PCa). However, the selection of androgen-independent cancer cells leads to castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The aggressive phenotype of CRPC cells underscores the need to elucidate mechanisms and therapeutic strategies to suppress CRPC outgrowth. Despite ADT, the activation of androgen receptor (AR) transcription factor continues via crosstalk with parallel signaling pathways. Understanding of how these signaling cascades are initiated and amplified post-ADT is lacking. Hormone deprivation can increase oxidative stress and the resultant reactive oxygen species (ROS) may activate both AR and non-AR signaling. Moreover, ROS-induced inflammatory cytokines may further amplify these redox signaling pathways to augment AR function. However, clinical trials using ROS quenching small molecule antioxidants have not suppressed CRPC progression, suggesting that more potent and persistent suppression of redox signaling in CRPC cells will be needed. The transcription factor Nrf2 increases the expression of numerous antioxidant enzymes and downregulates the function of inflammatory transcription factors, e.g., nuclear factor kappa B. We documented that Nrf2 overexpression can suppress AR-mediated transcription in CRPC cell lines. Furthermore, two Nrf2 activating agents, sulforaphane (a phytochemical) and bardoxolone-methyl (a drug in clinical trial) suppress AR levels and sensitize CRPC cells to anti-androgens. These observations implicate the benefits of potent Nrf2-activators to suppress the lethal signaling cascades that lead to CRPC outgrowth. This review article will address the redox signaling networks that augment AR signaling during PCa progression to CRPC, and the possible utility of Nrf2-activating agents as an adjunct to ADT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Mondal
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Devin Narwani
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Shahnawaz Notta
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Dawood Ghaffar
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Nikhil Mardhekar
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
| | - Syed S A Quadri
- Debusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37932, USA
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17
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Wang Y, Qi H, Liu Y, Duan C, Liu X, Xia T, Chen D, Piao HL, Liu HX. The double-edged roles of ROS in cancer prevention and therapy. Theranostics 2021; 11:4839-4857. [PMID: 33754031 PMCID: PMC7978298 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as cell signaling molecules generated in oxidative metabolism and are associated with a number of human diseases. The reprogramming of redox metabolism induces abnormal accumulation of ROS in cancer cells. It has been widely accepted that ROS play opposite roles in tumor growth, metastasis and apoptosis according to their different distributions, concentrations and durations in specific subcellular structures. These double-edged roles in cancer progression include the ROS-dependent malignant transformation and the oxidative stress-induced cell death. In this review, we summarize the notable literatures on ROS generation and scavenging, and discuss the related signal transduction networks and corresponding anticancer therapies. There is no doubt that an improved understanding of the sophisticated mechanism of redox biology is imperative to conquer cancer.
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19
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Rahban M, Habibi-Rezaei M, Mazaheri M, Saso L, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Anti-Viral Potential and Modulation of Nrf2 by Curcumin: Pharmacological Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1228. [PMID: 33291560 PMCID: PMC7761780 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an essential transcription factor that maintains the cell's redox balance state and reduces inflammation in different adverse stresses. Under the oxidative stress, Nrf2 is separated from Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), which is a key sensor of oxidative stress, translocated to the nucleus, interacts with the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the target gene, and then activates the transcriptional pathway to ameliorate the cellular redox condition. Curcumin is a yellow polyphenolic curcuminoid from Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has revealed a broad spectrum of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities. Curcumin significantly increases the nuclear expression levels and promotes the biological effects of Nrf2 via the interaction with Cys151 in Keap1, which makes it a marvelous therapeutic candidate against a broad range of oxidative stress-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers, viral infections, and more recently SARS-CoV-2. Currently, the multifactorial property of the diseases and lack of adequate medical treatment, especially in viral diseases, result in developing new strategies to finding potential drugs. Curcumin potentially opens up new views as possible Nrf2 activator. However, its low bioavailability that is due to low solubility and low stability in the physiological conditions is a significant challenge in the field of its efficient and effective utilization in medicinal purposes. In this review, we summarized recent studies on the potential effect of curcumin to activate Nrf2 as the design of potential drugs for a viral infection like SARS-Cov2 and acute and chronic inflammation diseases in order to improve the cells' protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdie Rahban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran;
| | - Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran
- Center of Excellence in NanoBiomedicine, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Mazaheri
- Research Center of Food Technology and Agricultural Products, Department of Food Toxicology, Standard Research Institute, Karaj 3158777871, Iran;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ali A. Moosavi-Movahedi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran;
- UNESCO Chair on Interdisciplinary Research in Diabetes, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614335, Iran
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20
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Li W, Sun K, Hu F, Chen L, Zhang X, Wang F, Yan B. Protective effects of natural compounds against oxidative stress in ischemic diseases and cancers via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway: A mini review. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22658. [PMID: 33118292 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, has been seen in the pathological states of many disorders such as ischemic diseases and cancers. Many natural compounds (NCs) have long been recognized to ameliorate oxidative stress due to their inherent antioxidant activities. The modulation of oxidative stress by NCs via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway is summarized in the review. Three NCs, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, and curcumin, and the mechanisms of their cytoprotective effects are investigated in myocardial ischemia, cerebral ischemia, skin cancer, and prostate cancer. To promote the therapeutic performance of NCs with poor water solubility, the formulation approach, such as the nano drug delivery system, is elaborated as well in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Longfei Chen
- China National Intellectual Property Administration Patent Re-examination and Invalidation Department Pharmaceutical Division, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Departments of Urology, Yangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fuxing Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingchun Yan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Sharifi-Rad J, Rayess YE, Rizk AA, Sadaka C, Zgheib R, Zam W, Sestito S, Rapposelli S, Neffe-Skocińska K, Zielińska D, Salehi B, Setzer WN, Dosoky NS, Taheri Y, El Beyrouthy M, Martorell M, Ostrander EA, Suleria HAR, Cho WC, Maroyi A, Martins N. Turmeric and Its Major Compound Curcumin on Health: Bioactive Effects and Safety Profiles for Food, Pharmaceutical, Biotechnological and Medicinal Applications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:01021. [PMID: 33041781 PMCID: PMC7522354 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a yellow polyphenolic pigment from the Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) rhizome, has been used for centuries for culinary and food coloring purposes, and as an ingredient for various medicinal preparations, widely used in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine. In recent decades, their biological activities have been extensively studied. Thus, this review aims to offer an in-depth discussion of curcumin applications for food and biotechnological industries, and on health promotion and disease prevention, with particular emphasis on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Bioavailability, bioefficacy and safety features, side effects, and quality parameters of curcumin are also addressed. Finally, curcumin's multidimensional applications, food attractiveness optimization, agro-industrial procedures to offset its instability and low bioavailability, health concerns, and upcoming strategies for clinical application are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Youssef El Rayess
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kasli, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Alain Abi Rizk
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kasli, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Carmen Sadaka
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Raviella Zgheib
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Wissam Zam
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartous, Syria
| | | | - Simona Rapposelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Biology and Pathology of Aging, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Dorota Zielińska
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, Lehi, UT, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, United States
| | | | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marc El Beyrouthy
- Department of Agriculture and Food Engineering, School of Engineering, Holy Spirit University of Kasli, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elise Adrian Ostrander
- Medical Illustration, Kendall College of Art and Design, Ferris State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | | | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Alfred Maroyi
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
Covering: up to 2020The transcription factor NRF2 is one of the body's major defense mechanisms, driving transcription of >300 antioxidant response element (ARE)-regulated genes that are involved in many critical cellular processes including redox regulation, proteostasis, xenobiotic detoxification, and primary metabolism. The transcription factor NRF2 and natural products have an intimately entwined history, as the discovery of NRF2 and much of its rich biology were revealed using natural products both intentionally and unintentionally. In addition, in the last decade a more sinister aspect of NRF2 biology has been revealed. NRF2 is normally present at very low cellular levels and only activated when needed, however, it has been recently revealed that chronic, high levels of NRF2 can lead to diseases such as diabetes and cancer, and may play a role in other diseases. Again, this "dark side" of NRF2 was revealed and studied largely using a natural product, the quassinoid, brusatol. In the present review, we provide an overview of NRF2 structure and function to orient the general reader, we will discuss the history of NRF2 and NRF2-activating compounds and the biology these have revealed, and we will delve into the dark side of NRF2 and contemporary issues related to the dark side biology and the role of natural products in dissecting this biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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23
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Wang L, Li W, Cheng D, Guo Y, Wu R, Yin R, Li S, Kuo HC, Hudlikar R, Yang H, Buckley B, Kong AN. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of three oral formulations of curcumin in rats. J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 2020; 47:131-144. [PMID: 32020381 PMCID: PMC7125022 DOI: 10.1007/s10928-020-09675-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) is a major component of turmeric Curcuma longa, which is often used in food or as a dietary supplement. The purpose of this preclinical study is to investigate the acute pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles of two commercially marketed CUR products (GNC and Vitamin Shoppe) and a CUR powder from Sigma in female rats. Plasma samples were collected at specific time points and analyzed for CUR and its metabolite curcumin-O-glucuronide. RNA was extracted from leukocytes and analyzed for the expression of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant genes Nrf2, Ho-1, and Nqo1 by qPCR as selected PD markers. CUR PK was characterized by a 2-compartment model (2CM) after intravenous (IV) or oral administrations. Compared to IV CUR, the absolute bioavailability (F) of CUR for GNC (GC) is 0.9%, Vitamin Shoppe (VC) is 0.6% and Sigma (SC) is 3.1%. Pharmacodynamically, all three formulations showed induction of antioxidant Nrf2, Ho-1 and Nqo1 gene expression in rat leucocytes. PK/PD modeling of CUR's effect on antioxidant gene expression was well captured by an indirect response model. Physiologically based PK modeling and simulation using GastroPlus described the observed PK data reasonably well. In summary, our current study shows that the absolute oral bioavailability of the parent CUR was very low for all three formulations. However, despite the low CUR plasma concentrations, all three oral CUR formulations displayed PD response in the induction of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant genes, suggesting the potential of oral CUR contributing to the overall health beneficial effects of oral CUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - David Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Shanyi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hsiao-Chen Kuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Rasika Hudlikar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hilly Yang
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Brian Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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24
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Dai X, Yan X, Wintergerst KA, Cai L, Keller BB, Tan Y. Nrf2: Redox and Metabolic Regulator of Stem Cell State and Function. Trends Mol Med 2019; 26:185-200. [PMID: 31679988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is ubiquitously expressed in most eukaryotic cells and functions to induce a broad range of cellular defenses against exogenous and endogenous stresses, including oxidants, xenobiotics, and excessive nutrient/metabolite supply. Because the production and fate of stem cells are often modulated by cellular redox and metabolic homeostasis, important roles of Nrf2 have emerged in the regulation of stem cell quiescence, survival, self-renewal, proliferation, senescence, and differentiation. In a rapidly advancing field, this review summarizes Nrf2 signaling in the context of stem cell state and function and provides a rationale for Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Dai
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Yi Tan
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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25
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Livingstone TL, Beasy G, Mills RD, Plumb J, Needs PW, Mithen R, Traka MH. Plant Bioactives and the Prevention of Prostate Cancer: Evidence from Human Studies. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092245. [PMID: 31540470 PMCID: PMC6769996 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer has become the most common form of non-cutaneous (internal) malignancy in men, accounting for 26% of all new male visceral cancer cases in the UK. The aetiology and pathogenesis of prostate cancer are not understood, but given the age-adjusted geographical variations in prostate cancer incidence quoted in epidemiological studies, there is increasing interest in nutrition as a relevant factor. In particular, foods rich in phytochemicals have been proposed to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Epidemiological studies have reported evidence that plant-based foods including cruciferous vegetables, garlic, tomatoes, pomegranate and green tea are associated with a significant reduction in the progression of prostate cancer. However, while there is well-documented mechanistic evidence at a cellular level of the manner by which individual dietary components may reduce the risk of prostate cancer or its progression, evidence from intervention studies is limited. Moreover, clinical trials investigating the link between the dietary bioactives found in these foods and prostate cancer have reported varied conclusions. Herein, we review the plant bioactives for which there is substantial evidence from epidemiological and human intervention studies. The aim of this review is to provide important insights into how particular plant bioactives (e.g., sulfur-containing compounds, carotenoids and polyphenols) present in commonly consumed food groups may influence the development and progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey L. Livingstone
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK; (T.L.L.); (J.P.); (P.W.N.); (R.M.)
- Urology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane Norwich NR4 7UY, UK;
| | - Gemma Beasy
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK; (T.L.L.); (J.P.); (P.W.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Robert D. Mills
- Urology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Lane Norwich NR4 7UY, UK;
| | - Jenny Plumb
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK; (T.L.L.); (J.P.); (P.W.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Paul W. Needs
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK; (T.L.L.); (J.P.); (P.W.N.); (R.M.)
| | - Richard Mithen
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK; (T.L.L.); (J.P.); (P.W.N.); (R.M.)
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, 84 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 92019, New Zealand
| | - Maria H. Traka
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UQ, UK; (T.L.L.); (J.P.); (P.W.N.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +4-4(0)16-032-55194
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26
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Carlos-Reyes Á, López-González JS, Meneses-Flores M, Gallardo-Rincón D, Ruíz-García E, Marchat LA, Astudillo-de la Vega H, Hernández de la Cruz ON, López-Camarillo C. Dietary Compounds as Epigenetic Modulating Agents in Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:79. [PMID: 30881375 PMCID: PMC6406035 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms control gene expression during normal development and their aberrant regulation may lead to human diseases including cancer. Natural phytochemicals can largely modulate mammalian epigenome through regulation of mechanisms and proteins responsible for chromatin remodeling. Phytochemicals are mainly contained in fruits, seeds, and vegetables as well as in foods supplements. These compounds act as powerful cellular antioxidants and anti-carcinogens agents. Several dietary compounds such as catechins, curcumin, genistein, quercetin and resveratrol, among others, exhibit potent anti-tumor activities through the reversion of epigenetic alterations associated to oncogenes activation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. In this review, we summarized the actual knowledge about the role of dietary phytochemicals in the restoration of aberrant epigenetic alterations found in cancer cells with a particular focus on DNA methylation and histone modifications. Furthermore, we discussed the mechanisms by which these natural compounds modulate gene expression at epigenetic level and described their molecular targets in diverse types of cancer. Modulation of epigenetic activities by phytochemicals will allow the discovery of novel biomarkers for cancer prevention, and highlights its potential as an alternative therapeutic approach in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Cáncer de Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Sullivan López-González
- Laboratorio de Cáncer de Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Meneses-Flores
- Laboratorio de Cáncer de Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dolores Gallardo-Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laurence A. Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigación Traslacional en Cáncer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Huang D, Cui L, Ahmed S, Zainab F, Wu Q, Wang X, Yuan Z. An overview of epigenetic agents and natural nutrition products targeting DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylases and microRNAs. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:574-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Apoptotic cell death induced by Z-Ligustilidein human ovarian cancer cells and role of NRF2. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:631-638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Khurana N, Sikka SC. Targeting Crosstalk between Nrf-2, NF-κB and Androgen Receptor Signaling in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10100352. [PMID: 30257470 PMCID: PMC6210752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, inflammation and androgen receptor (AR) signaling play a pivotal role in the initiation, development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Numerous papers in the literature have documented the interconnection between oxidative stress and inflammation; and how antioxidants can combat the inflammation. It has been shown in the literature that both oxidative stress and inflammation regulate AR, the key receptor involved in the transition of PCa to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this review, we discuss about the importance of targeting Nrf-2-antioxidant signaling, NF-κB inflammatory response and AR signaling in PCa. Finally, we discuss about the crosstalk between these three critical pathways as well as how the anti-inflammatory antioxidant phytochemicals like sulforaphane (SFN) and curcumin (CUR), which can also target AR, can be ideal candidates in the chemoprevention of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Khurana
- Department of Internal Medicine-Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis Medical Campus, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA.
| | - Suresh C Sikka
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine,1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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30
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Zuo Q, Wu R, Xiao X, Yang C, Yang Y, Wang C, Lin L, Kong AN. The dietary flavone luteolin epigenetically activates the Nrf2 pathway and blocks cell transformation in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9573-9582. [PMID: 30129150 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains a leading malignancy in humans. The importance of epigenetic modification in the development of this disease is now being recognized. The reversible and dynamic nature of epigenetic modifications provides a promising strategy in colorectal cancer chemoprevention and treatment. Luteolin (LUT), a flavone dietary phytochemical, can modulate various signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Many studies have demonstrated that LUT inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis by activating the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant-responsive element (ARE) pathway. However, the potential epigenetic mechanism underlying Nrf2/ARE pathway activation remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the anticancer potential of LUT in human colon cancer cells and the epigenetic regulation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway. Specifically, our data showed that LUT suppressed cell proliferation and cellular transformation of HCT116 and HT29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes after LUT treatment. Bisulfite genomic sequencing revealed that methylation of the Nrf2 promoter region was decreased by LUT, corresponding with the increased mRNA expression of Nrf2. Decreased protein levels and enzyme activities of epigenetic modifying enzymes, such as DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), were also observed in LUT-treated HCT116 cells. In summary, our findings suggest that LUT may exert its antitumor activity in part via epigenetic modifications of the Nrf2 gene with subsequent induction of its downstream antioxidative stress pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Xi Xiao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caizhi Yang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Department of Oncology, No. 1 Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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