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Cui K, Li R, Li M, Qiu Y, Wang H, Wu W, Liu T, Zhang W, Xiao Z. Covalent Organic Framework-Structured Raman Probes for Ultrasensitive In Vivo Bioimaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11800-11808. [PMID: 38990771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Organic Raman probes, including polymers and small molecules, have attracted great attention in biomedical imaging owing to their excellent biocompatibility. However, the development of organic Raman probes is usually hindered by a mismatch between their absorption spectra and wavelength-fixed excitation, which makes it difficult to achieve resonance excitation necessary to obtain strong Raman signals. Herein, we introduce a covalent organic framework (COF) into the fine absorption spectrum regulation of organic Raman probes, resulting in their significant Raman signal enhancement. In representative examples, a polymer poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole-p-phenylenediamine) (DPP-PD) and a small molecule azobenzene are transformed into the corresponding COF-structured Raman probes. Their absorption peaks show an accurate match of less than 5 nm with the NIR excitation. As such, the COF-structured Raman probes acquire highly sensitive bioimaging capabilities compared to their precursors with negligible signals. By further mechanism studies, we discover that the crystallinity and size of COFs directly affect the π-conjugation degree of Raman probes, thus changing their bandgaps and absorption spectra. Our study offers a universal and flexible method for improving the signal performance of organic Raman probes without changing their structural units, making it more convenient to obtain the highly sensitive organic Raman probes for in vivo bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cui
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ruike Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haoze Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wenwei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Tize Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wenxian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Zheng J, Liu D, Liu X, Wang Z, Li J, Wang X, Wang J, Fu Q, Cao Y, Jiang L, Chen Y. Ag/ZnO microcavities with high sensitivity and self-cleaning properties for fast repetitive SERS detection. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:17083-17089. [PMID: 38842138 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01325e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
A SERS substrate with high sensitivity and reusability was proposed. The chip consists of multiple ZnO microcavities loaded with silver particles. Based on structural characteristics, this coupling between cavity modes and localized surface plasmon modes can highly localize the electric field, where experimental results revealed a detection limit of 10-11 M for R6G. In addition, during carrier control in semiconductors with localized electromagnetic fields, our substrate also exhibits high self-cleaning efficiency and in situ detection stability. Even in a dry environment, it exhibits excellent light-mediated cleaning ability across multiple reuse test cycles. The convenient, rinse-free substrate, with its cost-effective and sustainable features, shows great promise for the study on detection and degradation of active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zheng
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Dongliang Liu
- School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, 19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xilong Liu
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Zekai Wang
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Junfeng Li
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Xinxin Wang
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Science, Xi'an Polytechnic University, 19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Optoelectronic Information Science and Engineering, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yanqiang Cao
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Liyong Jiang
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Yikai Chen
- School of Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing, 210094, China
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3
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Diamanti E, López-Gallego F. Single-Particle and Single-Molecule Characterization of Immobilized Enzymes: A Multiscale Path toward Optimizing Heterogeneous Biocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319248. [PMID: 38476019 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Heterogeneous biocatalysis is highly relevant in biotechnology as it offers several benefits and practical uses. To leverage the full potential of heterogeneous biocatalysts, the establishment of well-crafted protocols, and a deeper comprehension of enzyme immobilization on solid substrates are essential. These endeavors seek to optimize immobilized biocatalysts, ensuring maximal enzyme performance within confined spaces. For this aim, multidimensional characterization of heterogeneous biocatalysts is required. In this context, spectroscopic and microscopic methodologies conducted at different space and temporal scales can inform about the intraparticle enzyme kinetics, the enzyme spatial distribution, and the mass transport issues. In this Minireview, we identify enzyme immobilization, enzyme catalysis, and enzyme inactivation as the three main processes for which advanced characterization tools unveil fundamental information. Recent advances in operando characterization of immobilized enzymes at the single-particle (SP) and single-molecule (SM) levels inform about their functional properties, unlocking the full potential of heterogeneous biocatalysis toward biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Diamanti
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)-, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE)-, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramón, 194, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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Fang C, Luo Y, Naidu R. Advancements in Raman imaging for nanoplastic analysis: Challenges, algorithms and future Perspectives. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1290:342069. [PMID: 38246736 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the concept of microplastic (<5 mm) is well-established, emergence of nanoplastics (<1000 nm) as a new contaminant presents a recent and evolving challenge. The field of nanoplastic research remains in its early stages, and its progress is contingent upon the development of reliable and practical analytical methods, which are currently lacking. This review aims to address the intricacies of nanoplastic analysis by providing a comprehensive overview on the application of advanced imaging techniques, with a particular focus on Raman imaging, for nanoplastic identification and simultaneous visualisation towards quantification. RESULTS Although Raman imaging via hyper spectrum is a potentially powerful tool to analyse nanoplastics, several challenges should be overcome. The first challenge lies in the weak Raman signal of nanoplastics. To address this, effective sample preparation and signal enhancement techniques can be implemented, such as by analysing the hyper spectrum that contains hundred-to-thousand spectra, rather than a single spectrum. Second challenge is the complexity of Raman hyperspectral matrix with dataset size at megabyte (MB) or even bigger, which can be adopted using different algorithms ranging from image merging to multivariate analysis of chemometrics. Third challenge is the laser size that hinders the visualisation of small nanoplastics due to the laser diffraction (λ/2NA, ∼300 nm), which can be solved with involving the use of super-resolution. Signal processing, such as colour off-setting, Gaussian fitting (via deconvolution), and re-focus or image re-construction, are reviewed herein, which show a great promise for breaking through the diffraction limit. SIGNIFICANCE Overall, current studies along with further validation are imperative to refine these approaches and enhance the reliability, not only for nanoplastics research but also for broader investigations in the realm of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Yunlong Luo
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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5
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Tolstik E, Lehnart SE, Soeller C, Lorenz K, Sacconi L. Cardiac multiscale bioimaging: from nano- through micro- to mesoscales. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:212-227. [PMID: 37806897 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac multiscale bioimaging is an emerging field that aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the heart and its functions at various levels, from the molecular to the entire organ. It combines both physiologically and clinically relevant dimensions: from nano- and micrometer resolution imaging based on vibrational spectroscopy and high-resolution microscopy to assess molecular processes in cardiac cells and myocardial tissue, to mesoscale structural investigations to improve the understanding of cardiac (patho)physiology. Tailored super-resolution deep microscopy with advanced proteomic methods and hands-on experience are thus strategically combined to improve the quality of cardiovascular research and support future medical decision-making by gaining additional biomolecular information for translational and diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elen Tolstik
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Translational Research, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V. Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Cellular Biophysics and Translational Cardiology Section, Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 42a, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells (MBExC2067), University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany; Collaborative Research Center SFB1190 Compartmental Gates and Contact Sites in Cells, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Soeller
- Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bühlplatz 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Translational Research, Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V. Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse 11, 44139 Dortmund, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher Strasse 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leonardo Sacconi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy; Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Freiburg, Elsässer Strasse 2q, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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Fang C, Luo Y, Naidu R. Super-resolution Raman imaging towards visualisation of nanoplastics. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5300-5310. [PMID: 37740357 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01176c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Confocal Raman imaging can potentially identify and visualise microplastics and nanoplastics, but the imaging lateral resolution is hampered by the diffraction of the laser, making it difficult to analyse nanoplastics that are smaller than the laser spot and the lateral resolution limit (λ/2NA). Fortunately, once a nanoplastic is scanned to collect the spectrum via a position/pixel array as a spectrum matrix, akin to a hyperspectral matrix, the nanoplastic can be imaged by mapping the spectrum intensity as a pattern that is transcended axially and can be fitted as a 2D Gaussian surface. The Gaussian fitting and image re-construction by deconvolution can precisely predict the nanoplastic's position and approximate size, and potentially enhance the signal intensity. Several algorithms are also employed to decode the spectrum matrix, to improve the Raman images before the subsequent image re-construction. Overall, general confocal microscopy can also break through the diffraction limit of the excitation light by using algorithms, resulting in super-resolution Raman imaging to capture nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Yunlong Luo
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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7
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Mal S, Duarte E Souza L, Allard C, David C, Blais-Ouellette S, Gaboury L, Tang NYW, Martel R. Duplex Phenotype Detection and Targeting of Breast Cancer Cells Using Nanotube Nanoprobes and Raman Imaging. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1173-1184. [PMID: 36795958 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We designed, synthesized, and characterized a Raman nanoprobe made of dye-sensitized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) that can selectively target biomarkers of breast cancer cells. The nanoprobe is composed of Raman-active dyes encapsulated inside a SWCNT, whose surface is covalently grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) at a density of ∼0.7% per carbon. Using α-sexithiophene- and β-carotene-derived nanoprobes covalently bound to an antibody, either anti-E-cadherin (E-cad) or anti-keratin-19 (KRT19), we prepared two distinct nanoprobes that specifically recognize biomarkers on breast cancer cells. Immunogold experiments and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images are first used to guide the synthesis protocol for higher PEG-antibody attachment and biomolecule loading capacity. The duplex of nanoprobes was then applied to target E-cad and KRT19 biomarkers in T47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Hyperspectral imaging of specific Raman bands allows for simultaneous detection of this nanoprobe duplex on target cells without the need for additional filters or subsequent incubation steps. Our results confirm the high reproducibility of the nanoprobe design for duplex detection and highlight the potential of Raman imaging for advanced biomedical applications in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Mal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Layane Duarte E Souza
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Charlotte Allard
- Department of Engineering Physics, Polytechnique of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Carolane David
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | | | - Louis Gaboury
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Nathalie Y-W Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Richard Martel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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8
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Microplastics and nanoplastics in food, water, and beverages, part II. Methods. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Lu F, Zhang W, Sun L, Mei T, Yuan X. Enhancing electromagnetic field gradient in tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy with a perfect radially polarized beam. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:21377-21385. [PMID: 36224858 DOI: 10.1364/oe.460394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is a promising label-free super-resolving imaging technique, and the electric field gradient of nanofocusing plays a role in TERS performance. In this paper, we theoretically investigated the enhancement and manipulation of the electric field gradient in a bottom-illumination TERS configuration through a tightly focused perfect radially polarized beam (PRPB). Improvement and manipulation in electric field enhancement and field gradient of the gap-plasmon mode between a plasmonic tip and a virtual surface plasmons (SPs) probe are achieved by adjusting the ring radius of the incident PRPB. Our results demonstrate that the method of optimizing the ring radius of PRPB is to make the illumination angle of incident light as close to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) excitation angle as possible. Under the excitation of optimal parameters, more than 10 folds improvement of field enhancement and 3 times of field gradient of the gap-plasmon mode is realized compared with that of the conventional focused RPB. By this feat, our results indicate that such a method can further enhance the gradient Raman mode in TERS. We envision that the proposed method, to achieve the dynamic manipulation and enhancement of the nanofocusing field and field gradient, can be more broadly used to control light-matter interactions and extend the reach of tip-enhanced spectroscopy.
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Pienpinijtham P, Kitahama Y, Ozaki Y. Progress of tip-enhanced Raman scattering for the last two decades and its challenges in very recent years. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:5265-5288. [PMID: 35332899 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00274d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) has recently attracted remarkable attention as a novel nano-spectroscopy technique. TERS, which provides site-specific information, can be performed on any material surface regardless of morphology. Moreover, it can be applied in various environments, such as ambient air, ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), solutions, and electrochemical environments. This review reports on one hand progress of TERS for the last two decades, and on the other hand, its challenges in very recent years. Part of the progress of TERS starts with the prehistory and history of TERS, and then, the characteristics and advantages of TERS are described. Significant emphasis is put on the development of TERS instrumentation and equipment such as ultrahigh vacuum TERS, liquid TERS, electrochemical-TERS, and tip-preparations. Applications of TERS, particularly those with nanocarbons, biological materials, and surface and interface analysis, are mentioned in some detail. In the part on challenges, we focus on the very recent advances in TERS; progress in spatial resolution to the angstrom scale is the hottest topic. Recent TERS studies performed under UHV, for example chemical imaging at the angstrom scale and Raman detection of bond breaking and making of a chemisorbed up-standing single molecules at single-bond level, are reviewed. Of course, there is no clear border between the two parts. In the last part the perspective of TERS is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prompong Pienpinijtham
- Sensor Research Unit (SRU), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yasutaka Kitahama
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
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11
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Shi L, Wei M, Miao Y, Qian N, Shi L, Singer RA, Benninger RKP, Min W. Highly-multiplexed volumetric mapping with Raman dye imaging and tissue clearing. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:364-373. [PMID: 34608326 PMCID: PMC8930416 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-01041-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mapping the localization of multiple proteins in their native three-dimensional (3D) context would be useful across many areas of biomedicine, but multiplexed fluorescence imaging has limited intrinsic multiplexing capability, and most methods for increasing multiplexity can only be applied to thin samples (<100 µm). Here, we harness the narrow spectrum of Raman spectroscopy and introduce Raman dye imaging and tissue clearing (RADIANT), an optical method that is capable of imaging multiple targets in thick samples in one shot. We expanded the range of suitable bioorthogonal Raman dyes and developed a tissue-clearing strategy for them (Raman 3D imaging of solvent-cleared organs (rDISCO)). We applied RADIANT to image up to 11 targets in millimeter-thick brain slices, extending the imaging depth 10- to 100-fold compared to prior multiplexed protein imaging methods. We showcased the utility of RADIANT in extracting systems information, including region-specific correlation networks and their topology in cerebellum development. RADIANT will facilitate the exploration of the intricate 3D protein interactions in complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixue Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mian Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yupeng Miao
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naixin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lingyan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth A. Singer
- Graduate Program in Cellular, Molecular and Biomedical Studies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard K. P. Benninger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, US
| | - Wei Min
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Corresponding author:
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12
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Grasseschi D, Bahamon DA, Maia FCB, Barcelos ID, Freitas RO, de Matos CJS. Van der Waals materials as dielectric layers for tailoring the near-field photonic response of surfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:255-264. [PMID: 35201204 DOI: 10.1364/oe.445066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Epsilon near-zero photonics and surface polariton nanophotonics have become major fields within optics, leading to unusual and enhanced light-matter interaction. Specific dielectric responses are required in both cases, which can be achieved, e.g., via operation near a material's electronic or phononic resonance. However, this condition restricts operation to a specific, narrow frequency range. It has been shown that using a thin dielectric layer can adjust the dielectric response of a surface and, therefore, the operating frequency for achieving specific photonic excitations. Here, we show that a surface's optical properties can be tuned via the deposition/transference of ultra-thin layered van der Waals (vdW) crystals, the thicknesses of which can easily be adjusted to provide the desired response. In particular, we experimentally and theoretically show that the surface phonon resonance of a silica surface can be tuned by ∼50 cm-1 through the simple deposition of nanometer-thick exfoliated flakes of black phosphorus. The surface properties were probed by infrared nanospectroscopy, and results show a close agreement with the theory. The black phosphorus-silica layered structure effectively acts as a surface with a tunable effective dielectric constant that presents an infrared response dependent on the black phosphorus thickness. In contrast, with a lower dielectric constant, hexagonal boron nitride does not significantly tune the silica surface phonon polariton. Our approach also applies to epsilon near-zero surfaces, as theoretically shown, and to polaritonic surfaces operating at other optical ranges.
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13
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New Analytical Approaches for Effective Quantification and Identification of Nanoplastics in Environmental Samples. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9112086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are a rapidly developing subject that is relevant in environmental and food research, as well as in human toxicity, among other fields. NPs have recently been recognized as one of the least studied types of marine litter, but potentially one of the most hazardous. Several studies are now being reported on NPs in the environment including surface water and coast, snow, soil and in personal care products. However, the extent of contamination remains largely unknown due to fundamental challenges associated with isolation and analysis, and therefore, a methodological gap exists. This article summarizes the progress in environmental NPs analysis and makes a critical assessment of whether methods from nanoparticles analysis could be adopted to bridge the methodological gap. This review discussed the sample preparation and preconcentration protocol for NPs analysis and also examines the most appropriate approaches available at the moment, ranging from physical to chemical. This study also discusses the difficulties associated with improving existing methods and developing new ones. Although microscopical techniques are one of the most often used ways for imaging and thus quantification, they have the drawback of producing partial findings as they can be easily mixed up as biomolecules. At the moment, the combination of chemical analysis (i.e., spectroscopy) and newly developed alternative methods overcomes this limitation. In general, multiple analytical methods used in combination are likely to be needed to correctly detect and fully quantify NPs in environmental samples.
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14
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Colorimetric histology using plasmonically active microscope slides. Nature 2021; 598:65-71. [PMID: 34616057 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03835-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The human eye can distinguish as many as 10,000 different colours but is far less sensitive to variations in intensity1, meaning that colour is highly desirable when interpreting images. However, most biological samples are essentially transparent, and nearly invisible when viewed using a standard optical microscope2. It is therefore highly desirable to be able to produce coloured images without needing to add any stains or dyes, which can alter the sample properties. Here we demonstrate that colorimetric histology images can be generated using full-sized plasmonically active microscope slides. These slides translate subtle changes in the dielectric constant into striking colour contrast when samples are placed upon them. We demonstrate the biomedical potential of this technique, which we term histoplasmonics, by distinguishing neoplastic cells from normal breast epithelium during the earliest stages of tumorigenesis in the mouse MMTV-PyMT mammary tumour model. We then apply this method to human diagnostic tissue and validate its utility in distinguishing normal epithelium, usual ductal hyperplasia, and early-stage breast cancer (ductal carcinoma in situ). The colorimetric output of the image pixels is compared to conventional histopathology. The results we report here support the hypothesis that histoplasmonics can be used as a novel alternative or adjunct to general staining. The widespread availability of this technique and its incorporation into standard laboratory workflows may prove transformative for applications extending well beyond tissue diagnostics. This work also highlights opportunities for improvements to digital pathology that have yet to be explored.
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Fang C, Sobhani Z, Zhang X, McCourt L, Routley B, Gibson CT, Naidu R. Identification and visualisation of microplastics / nanoplastics by Raman imaging (iii): algorithm to cross-check multi-images. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 194:116913. [PMID: 33601233 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We recently developed the Raman mapping image to visualise and identify microplastics / nanoplastics (Fang et al. 2020, Sobhani et al. 2020). However, when the Raman signal is low and weak, the mapping uncertainty from the individual Raman peak intensity increases and may lead to images with false positive or negative features. For real samples, even the Raman signal is high, a low signal-noise ratio still occurs and leads to the mapping uncertainty due to the high spectrum background when: the target plastic is dispersed within another material with interfering Raman peaks; materials are present that exhibit broad Raman peaks; or, materials are present that fluoresce when exposed to the excitation laser. In this study, in order to increase the mapping certainty, we advance the algorithm to combine and merge multi-images that have been simultaneously mapped at the different characteristic peaks from the Raman spectra, akin imaging via different mapping channels simultaneously. These multi-images are merged into one image via algorithms, including colour off-setting to collect signal with a higher ratio of signal-noise, logic-OR to pick up more signal, logic-AND to eliminate noise, and logic-SUBTRACT to remove image background. Specifically, two or more Raman images can act as "parent images", to merge and generate a "daughter image" via a selected algorithm, to a "granddaughter image" via a further selected algorithm, and to an "offspring image" etc. More interestingly, to validate this algorithm approach, we analyse microplastics / nanoplastics that might be generated by a laser printer in our office or home. Depending on the toner and the printer, we might print and generate millions of microplastics and nanoplastics when we print a single A4 document.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Zahra Sobhani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Luke McCourt
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Ben Routley
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Christopher T Gibson
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia; Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
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16
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Yokota Y, Kim Y. Molecular Scale Assessments of Electrochemical Interfaces: In Situ and Ex Situ Approaches. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Yokota
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- JST PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Arbi R, Hui LS, Dittrich M, Turak A. Utility of far-field effects from tip-assisted Raman spectroscopy for the detection of a monolayer of diblock copolymer reverse micelles for nanolithography. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11065-11074. [PMID: 33942831 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01399h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modified set-up for Raman spectroscopy is proposed to utilize an AFM probe in a regime beyond the dependence on near field optics. Possible mechanisms for the observed enhancement have been explored through comparisons to spectra from other enhanced Raman techniques, including surface enhanced Raman, interference enhanced Raman and polarized Raman spectroscopies. The effects of polarization, focusing and interference are heightened when near field effects are diminished, giving rise to spectral enhancement. This technique allows for the characterization of a sub-20 nm monolayer of polystyrene-block-poly(2 vinyl pyridine) reverse micelles and paves the way for a promising method of non-destructive analysis of large self-assembled arrays of colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramis Arbi
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Lok Shu Hui
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Maria Dittrich
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayse Turak
- Department of Engineering Physics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Laser spectroscopic technique for direct identification of a single virus I: FASTER CARS. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:27820-27824. [PMID: 33093197 PMCID: PMC7668096 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013169117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface features of a virus are very important in determining its virility. For example, the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to the ACE2 receptor site of the host cell with a much stronger affinity than did the original SARS virus. Thus, it is clearly important to understand the virion surface structure. To that end, the present paper combines the spatial resolution of atomic force microscopy and the spectral resolution of coherent Raman spectroscopy. This combination of tip-enhanced microscopy using femtosecond adaptive spectroscopic techniques for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (FAST CARS) with enhanced resolution (FASTER CARS) allows us to map a single virus particle with nanometer resolution and chemical specificity. From the famous 1918 H1N1 influenza to the present COVID-19 pandemic, the need for improved viral detection techniques is all too apparent. The aim of the present paper is to show that identification of individual virus particles in clinical sample materials quickly and reliably is near at hand. First of all, our team has developed techniques for identification of virions based on a modular atomic force microscopy (AFM). Furthermore, femtosecond adaptive spectroscopic techniques with enhanced resolution via coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (FASTER CARS) using tip-enhanced techniques markedly improves the sensitivity [M. O. Scully, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 10994–11001 (2002)].
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19
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Ma H, Han XX, Zhao B. Enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis of protein post-translational modifications. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Fang C, Sobhani Z, Zhang X, Gibson CT, Tang Y, Naidu R. Identification and visualisation of microplastics/ nanoplastics by Raman imaging (ii): Smaller than the diffraction limit of laser? WATER RESEARCH 2020; 183:116046. [PMID: 32629180 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We recently reported (Sobhani et al., 2020) that when a confocal Raman microscope imaged a nanoplastic with the diameter of 100 nm, the imaging lateral size was 300-400 nm, due to the diffraction limit of the laser spot. In this study, we examine the lateral intensity distribution of the Raman signal emitted by nanoplastics (diameters ranging ∼30-600 nm) within the excitation laser spot. We find that the Raman emission intensity, similar to the excitation power density distributed within a laser spot, also follows a lateral Gaussian distribution. To image and visualise individual nanoplastics, we (i) decrease the mapping pixel size, in a hope to generate an image with high-resolution and simultaneously to pick up items from the "blind point". We can then either (ii) offset the colour to intentionally image only the high-intensity portion of the Raman signal (emitted from the centre of the laser spot), to localise the exact position of the nanoplastic; or (iii) categorise the imaged nanoplastics to different groups via their Raman intensity, to simultaneously and separately visualise large nanoplastics/strong Raman signals, medium nanoplastics and small nanoplastics, in an effort to avoid the shielding and overlooking of weak signals. We (iv) also cross-check multi-images simultaneously mapped at two or three characteristic peaks via either a logic-OR or a logic-AND algorithm. Thus the imaging uncertainty can be significantly reduced from a statistical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Zahra Sobhani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Christopher T Gibson
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, 5042, Australia; Flinders Microscopy and Microanalysis, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, 5042, Australia
| | - Youhong Tang
- Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Sukmanee T, Wongravee K, Kitahama Y, Ekgasit S, Itoh T, Pienpinijtham P, Ozaki Y. Distinguishing Enantiomers by Tip‐Enhanced Raman Scattering: Chemically Modified Silver Tip with an Asymmetric Atomic Arrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanyada Sukmanee
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Kanet Wongravee
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Yasutaka Kitahama
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Sanong Ekgasit
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Takamatsu Kagawa 761-0395 Japan
| | - Prompong Pienpinijtham
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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Hu X, Zhang Y, Ding T, Liu J, Zhao H. Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticles: A Novel Nanomaterial for Various Medical Applications and Biological Activities. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:990. [PMID: 32903562 PMCID: PMC7438450 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become a trending area in science and has made great advances with the development of functional, engineered nanoparticles. Various metal nanoparticles have been widely exploited for a wide range of medical applications. Among them, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely reported to guide an impressive resurgence and are highly remarkable. AuNPs, with their multiple, unique functional properties, and easy of synthesis, have attracted extensive attention. Their intrinsic features (optics, electronics, and physicochemical characteristics) can be altered by changing the characterization of the nanoparticles, such as shape, size and aspect ratio. They can be applied to a wide range of medical applications, including drug and gene delivery, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and radiation therapy (RT), diagnosis, X-ray imaging, computed tomography (CT) and other biological activities. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no comprehensive review that summarized the applications of AuNPs in the medical field. Therefore, in this article we systematically review the methods of synthesis, the modification and characterization techniques of AuNPs, medical applications, and some biological activities of AuNPs, to provide a reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Sukmanee T, Wongravee K, Kitahama Y, Ekgasit S, Itoh T, Pienpinijtham P, Ozaki Y. Distinguishing Enantiomers by Tip‐Enhanced Raman Scattering: Chemically Modified Silver Tip with an Asymmetric Atomic Arrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14564-14569. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanyada Sukmanee
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Kanet Wongravee
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Yasutaka Kitahama
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Sanong Ekgasit
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Tamitake Itoh
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Takamatsu Kagawa 761-0395 Japan
| | - Prompong Pienpinijtham
- Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- National Nanotechnology Center of Advanced Structural and Functional Nanomaterials Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University 254 Phayathai Rd., Pathumwan Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
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24
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Li X, Guo S, Su J, Ren X, Fang Z. Efficient Raman Enhancement in Molybdenum Disulfide by Tuning the Interlayer Spacing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:28474-28483. [PMID: 32468820 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional nanomaterials, such as graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), have recently attracted widespread attention as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. However, their SERS enhancement is of a smaller magnitude than that of noble metal nanomaterials, and therefore, the detection sensitivity still needs to be substantially improved for practical applications. Here, we present the first detailed studies on the effect of the (MoS2) interlayer distances on the SERS intensity enhancement. We find that MoS2 with smaller interlayer distances achieves an SERS enhancement factor as high as 5.31 × 105, which is one of the highest enhancement factors to date among the two-dimensional nanomaterial SERS sensors. This remarkable SERS sensitivity is attributed to the highly efficient charge transfer from MoS2 to probe molecules. The charge-transfer ability directly determines the variable quantity dz2 orbitals of Mo elements in the MoS2-molecule system and then tunes the Raman intensity of probe molecules. Our work contributes to reveal the influence of MoS2 interlayer spacing on SERS detection and to open a new way for designing a highly sensitive nonmetal SERS technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Shaohui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Jie Su
- Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Technology Disciplines State Key Laboratory, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Xingang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Signal Processing, Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- School of Physics, State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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25
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Fleischer M, Zhang D, Meixner AJ. Optically and electrically driven nanoantennas. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1542-1545. [PMID: 33094087 PMCID: PMC7554664 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Fleischer
- Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA⁺, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dai Zhang
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center LISA⁺, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alfred J Meixner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center LISA⁺, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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26
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Roman M, Wrobel TP, Panek A, Paluszkiewicz C, Kwiatek WM. Nanoscale AFM-IR spectroscopic imaging of lipid heterogeneity and effect of irradiation in prostate cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:425502. [PMID: 31300624 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab31dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The recent development of the AFM-IR technique, which combines nanoscale imaging with chemical contrast through infrared spectroscopy, opened up new fields for exploration, which were out of reach for other modalities, e.g. Raman spectroscopy. Lipid droplets (LDs) are key organelles, which are associated with stress response mechanisms in cells and their size falls into that niche. LDs composition is heterogeneous and varies depending on cancer cell type and the tumor microenvironment. Prostate cancer cells show a unique lipid metabolism manifested by an increased requirement for lipid accumulation in cytosolic LDs. In the current work, AFM-IR nanoimaging was undertaken to analyze lipids in untreated and x-ray irradiated PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Cells poor in LDs showed slightly increased lipid signal in cytoplasm close to the nucleus. On the other hand, high lipid signal coming from LDs accumulation could be found in any part of the cytoplasmic region. The observed behavior was found to be independent from irradiation and its dose. According to the band assignment of the collected AFM-IR spectra, the main components of LDs were assigned to cholesteryl esters. The size of LDs present in cells poor in lipids was found to be of less than 1 μm, whereas LDs aggregates spread out over a few microns. Analysis of AFM-IR spectra shows relative homogeneity of LDs composition in single cells and heterogeneity of LDs content within the PC-3 cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Roman
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
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27
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Ou J, Zhou Z, Chen Z, Tan H. Optical Diagnostic Based on Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4346. [PMID: 31491861 PMCID: PMC6770972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Au nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique physicochemical and optical properties, showing great potential in biomedical applications. Diagnostic spectroscopy utilizing varied Au NPs has become a precision tool of in vitro and in vivo diagnostic for cancer and other specific diseases. In this review, we tried to comprehensively introduce the remarkable optical properties of Au NPs, including localized surfaces plasmon resonance (LSPR), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF). Then, we highlighted the excellent works using Au NPs for optical diagnostic applications. Ultimately, the challenges and future perspective of using Au NPs for optical diagnostic were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemei Ou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zidan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou 310064, China.
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Huijun Tan
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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28
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Yang H, Li BQ, Jiang X, Shao J. Hybrid nanostructure of SiO 2@Si with Au-nanoparticles for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:13484-13493. [PMID: 31289802 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03813b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a structure of large-area orderly-arranged SiO2@Si core-shell nanoparticles decorated with Au nanoparticles was fabricated for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This hybrid structure features light confinement in the Si shells and a uniform distribution of localized electric hot spots. FDTD simulations were carried out to examine the near-field enhancement response of this structure. Results indicate that the strongly enhanced local electric field is attributed to the WGM-LSPR coupling, that is, the coupling of the whispering gallery mode (WGM) of Si nanoshells with the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au nanoparticles. The excitation of WGM comes primarily from the magnetic response of the Si shell with a minor modification by its electric response. The WGM-LSPR coupling of the structure is tunable through the change of geometric parameters of SiO2@Si particles. Raman scattering measurements were conducted on the samples fabricated, which agree well with the simulated results. The measured data gave a SERS G factor of ∼2 × 108 and showed highly sensitive and reproducible SERS signals of R6G with a high spatial uniformity on a 2 × 2 cm2 substrate consisting of an array of SiO2@Si (D = ∼220 nm/290 nm) particles whose outer surfaces were scattered with d = ∼20 nm Au particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Micro- and Nano-manufacturing Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Ben Q Li
- Micro- and Nano-manufacturing Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, China. and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI 48128, USA
| | - Xinbing Jiang
- Micro- and Nano-manufacturing Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jinyou Shao
- Micro- and Nano-manufacturing Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, China.
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29
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Rahaman M, Milekhin AG, Mukherjee A, Rodyakina EE, Latyshev AV, Dzhagan VM, Zahn DRT. The role of a plasmonic substrate on the enhancement and spatial resolution of tip-enhanced Raman scattering. Faraday Discuss 2019; 214:309-323. [PMID: 30839033 DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00142a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the first report in the early 2000s, there have been several experimental configurations that have demonstrated enhancement and spatial resolution of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). The combination of a plasmonic substrate and a metallic tip is one suitable approach to achieve even higher enhancement and lateral resolution. In this contribution, we demonstrate TERS on a monolayer of MoS2 on an array of Au nanodisks. The Au nanodisks were prepared by electron beam writing. Thereafter, MoS2 was transferred onto the plasmonic substrate via the exfoliation technique. We witness an unprecedented enhancement and spatial resolution in the experiments. In the TERS image a ring-like shape is observed that matches the edges of the nanodisks. TERS enhancement at the edges is about 170 times stronger than at the center of the nanodisks. For a better understanding of the experimental results, finite element method (FEM) simulations were employed to simulate the TERS image of the MoS2/plasmonic heterostructure. Our calculations show a higher electric field concentration at the edges that exponentially decays to the center. Therefore, it reproduces the ring-like shape of the experimental image. Moreover, the calculations suggest a TERS enhancement of 135 at the edges compared to the center, which is in very good agreement with the experimental data. According to our calculations, the spatial resolution is also increased at the edges. For comparison, FEM simulations of a tip-flat metal substrate system (conventional gap-mode TERS) were carried out. The calculations confirmed a 110 times stronger enhancement at the edges of the nanodisks than that of conventional gap-mode TERS and explained the experimental maps. Our results provide not only a deeper understanding of the TERS mechanism of this heterostructure, but can also help in realizing highly efficient TERS experiments using similar systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfujur Rahaman
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Alexander G Milekhin
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 13, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia and Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ashutosh Mukherjee
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
| | - Ekaterina E Rodyakina
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 13, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia and Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander V Latyshev
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics RAS, Lavrentiev Ave. 13, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia and Novosibirsk State University, Pirogov 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Volodymyr M Dzhagan
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany. and Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductors Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany.
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Jin Q, Fan X, Chen C, Huang L, Wang J, Tang X. Multicolor Raman Beads for Multiplexed Tumor Cell and Tissue Imaging and in Vivo Tumor Spectral Detection. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3784-3789. [PMID: 30758186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Developing new nanomaterials with strong and distinctive Raman vibrations in the biological Raman-silent region (1800-2800 cm-1) were highly desirable for Raman hyperspectral detection and imaging in living cells and animals. Herein, polymeric nanoparticles with monomers containing alkyne, cyanide, azide, and carbon-deuterate were prepared as Raman-active nanomaterials (Raman beads) for bioimaging applications. Intense Raman signals were obtained due to the high density of alkyne, cyanide, azide, and carbon-deuterate in single nanoparticles, in absence of metal (such as Au or Ag) as Raman enhancers. We have developed a library of Raman beads for frequency multiplexing through the end-capping substitutions of monomers and demonstrated five-color SRS imaging of mixed nanoparticles with distinct Raman frequencies. In addition, with further surface functionalization of targeting moieties (such as nucleic acid aptamers and targeting peptides), targetable Raman beads were successfully used as probes for tumor targeting and Raman spectroscopic detection, including multicolor SRS imaging in living tumor cells and tissues with high specificity. Further in vivo studies indicated that Raman beads anchored with targeting moieties were successfully employed to target tumors in living mice after tail intravenous injection, and Raman spectral detection of tumor in live mice was achieved only through spontaneous Raman signal at the biological Raman-silent region without any signal enhancement due to a high density of Raman reporters in Raman beads. With further copolymerization of these monomers, Raman beads with supermultiplex barcoding could be readily achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingQing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38 Xueyuan Road , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Xinli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38 Xueyuan Road , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Changmai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38 Xueyuan Road , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Harvard University , Cambridge , Massachusetts 01238 , United States
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38 Xueyuan Road , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Xinjing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38 Xueyuan Road , Beijing , 100191 , China
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Liu T, Besteiro LV, Liedl T, Correa-Duarte MA, Wang Z, Govorov AO. Chiral Plasmonic Nanocrystals for Generation of Hot Electrons: Toward Polarization-Sensitive Photochemistry. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:1395-1407. [PMID: 30681343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomaterials, with techniques such as DNA-directed assembly or biodirected synthesis, can surpass top-down fabrication techniques in creating plasmonic superstructures in terms of spatial resolution, range of functionality, and fabrication speed. In particular, by enabling a very precise placement of nanoparticles in a bioassembled complex or through the controlled biodirected shaping of single nanoparticles, plasmonic nanocrystals can show remarkably strong circular dichroism (CD) signals. We show that chiral bioplasmonic assemblies and single nanocrystals can enable polarization-sensitive photochemistry based on the generation of energetic (hot) electrons. It is now established that hot plasmonic electrons can induce surface photochemistry or even reshape plasmonic nanocrystals. We show that merging chiral plasmonic nanocrystal systems and the hot-election generation effect offers unique possibilities in photochemistry, such as polarization-sensitive photochemistry promoting nonchiral molecular reactions, chiral photoinduced growth of a colloid at the atomic level, and chiral photochemical destruction of chiral nanocrystals. In contrast, for chiral molecular systems, the equivalent of the described effects is challenging to observe because molecular species typically exhibit very small CD signals. Moreover, we compare our findings with traditional chiral photochemistry at the molecular level, identifying new, different regimes for chiral photochemistry with possibilities that are unique for plasmonic colloidal systems. In this study, we bring together the concept of hot-electron generation and the field of chiral colloidal plasmonics. Using chiral plasmonic nanorod complexes as a model system, we demonstrate remarkably strong CD in both optical extinction and generation rates of hot electrons. Studying the regime of steady-state excitation, we discuss the influence of geometrical and material parameters on the chiral effects involved in the generation of hot electrons. Optical chirality and the chiral hot-electron response in the nanorod dimers result from complex interparticle interactions, which can appear in the weak coupling regime or in the form of Rabi splitting. Regarding practical applications, our study suggests interesting opportunities in polarization-sensitive photochemistry, in chiral recognition or separation, and in promoting chiral crystal growth at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianji Liu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Ohio University , Athens , Ohio 45701 , United States
| | - Lucas V Besteiro
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
- Centre Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications , Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique , 1650 Boul. Lionel Boulet , Varennes , Quebec J3X 1S2 , Canada
| | - Tim Liedl
- Fakultät für Physik and Center for Nanoscience , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtät München , Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 , 80539 Munich , Germany
| | - Miguel A Correa-Duarte
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Center for Biomedical Research (CINBIO), Southern Galicia Institute of Health Research (IISGS), and Biomedical Research, Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM) , Universidade de Vigo , 36310 Vigo , Spain
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
| | - Alexander O Govorov
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Ohio University , Athens , Ohio 45701 , United States
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Taylor GT. Windows into Microbial Seascapes: Advances in Nanoscale Imaging and Application to Marine Sciences. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2019; 11:465-490. [PMID: 30134123 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-121916-063612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical cycles of all nonconservative elements are mediated by microorganisms over nanometer spatial scales. The pelagic seascape is known to possess microstructure imposed by heterogeneous distributions of particles, polymeric gels, biologically important chemicals, and microbes. While indispensable, most traditional oceanographic observational approaches overlook this heterogeneity and ignore subtleties, such as activity hot spots, symbioses, niche partitioning, and intrapopulation phenotypic variations, that can provide a deeper mechanistic understanding of planktonic ecosystem function. As part of the movement toward cultivation-independent tools in microbial oceanography, techniques to examine the ecophysiology of individual populations and their role in chemical transformations at spatial scales relevant to microorganisms have been developed. This review presents technologies that enable geochemical and microbiological interrogations at spatial scales ranging from 0.02 to a few hundred micrometers, particularly focusing on atomic force microscopy, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, and confocal Raman microspectroscopy and introducing promising approaches for future applications in marine sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon T Taylor
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA;
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Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: principles, practice, and applications to nanospectroscopic imaging of 2D materials. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 411:37-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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35
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Eremina OE, Semenova AA, Sergeeva EA, Brazhe NA, Maksimov GV, Shekhovtsova TN, Goodilin EA, Veselova IA. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in modern chemical analysis: advances and prospects. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kumamoto Y, Harada Y, Takamatsu T, Tanaka H. Label-free Molecular Imaging and Analysis by Raman Spectroscopy. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2018; 51:101-110. [PMID: 30083018 PMCID: PMC6066646 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.18019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman scattering of a cell conveys the intrinsic information inherent to chemical structures of biomolecules. The spectroscopy of Raman scattering, or Raman spectroscopy, allows label-free and quantitative molecular sensing of a biological sample in situ without disruption. For the last five decades Raman spectroscopy has been widely utilized in biological research fields. However, it is just within the latest decade that molecular imaging and discrimination of living cells and tissues have become practically available. Here we overview recent progress in Raman spectroscopy and its application to life sciences. We discuss imaging of functional molecules in living cells and tissues; e.g., cancer cells and ischemic or infarcted hearts, together with a number of studies in the biomedical fields. We further explore comprehensive understandings of a complex spectrum by multivariate analysis for, e.g., accurate peripheral nerve detection, and characterization of the histological differences in the healing process of myocardial infarct. Although limitations still remain, e.g., weakness of the scattering intensity and practical difficulty in comprehensive molecular analysis, continuous progress in related technologies will allow wider use of Raman spectroscopy for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Kumamoto
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Yoshinori Harada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Tetsuro Takamatsu
- Department of Medical Photonics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Hideo Tanaka
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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Trautmann S, Richard-Lacroix M, Dathe A, Schneidewind H, Dellith J, Fritzsche W, Deckert V. Plasmon response evaluation based on image-derived arbitrary nanostructures. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9830-9839. [PMID: 29774907 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02783h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The optical response of realistic 3D plasmonic substrates composed of randomly shaped particles of different size and interparticle distance distributions in addition to nanometer scale surface roughness is intrinsically challenging to simulate due to computational limitations. Here, we present a Finite Element Method (FEM)-based methodology that bridges in-depth theoretical investigations and experimental optical response of plasmonic substrates composed of such silver nanoparticles. Parametrized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) active substrate and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) probes are used to simulate the far-and near-field optical response. Far-field calculations are consistent with experimental dark field spectra and charge distribution images reveal for the first time in arbitrary structures the contributions of interparticle hybridized modes such as sub-radiant and super-radiant modes that also locally organize as basic units for Fano resonances. Near-field simulations expose the spatial position-dependent impact of hybridization on field enhancement. Simulations of representative sections of TERS tips are shown to exhibit the same unexpected coupling modes. Near-field simulations suggest that these modes can contribute up to 50% of the amplitude of the plasmon resonance at the tip apex but, interestingly, have a small effect on its frequency in the visible range. The band position is shown to be extremely sensitive to particle nanoscale roughness, highlighting the necessity to preserve detailed information at both the largest and the smallest scales. To the best of our knowledge, no currently available method enables reaching such a detailed description of large scale realistic 3D plasmonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Trautmann
- Leibniz Institute of photonic technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
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Meyer R, Yao X, Deckert V. Latest instrumental developments and bioanalytical applications in tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Poliani E, Wagner MR, Vierck A, Herziger F, Nenstiel C, Gannott F, Schweiger M, Fritze S, Dadgar A, Zaumseil J, Krost A, Hoffmann A, Maultzsch J. Breakdown of Far-Field Raman Selection Rules by Light-Plasmon Coupling Demonstrated by Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:5462-5471. [PMID: 29064705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present an experimental study on the near-field light-matter interaction by tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) with polarized light in three different materials: germanium-doped gallium nitride (GaN), graphene, and carbon nanotubes. We investigate the dependence of the TERS signal on the incoming light polarization and on the sample carrier concentration, as well as the Raman selection rules in the near-field. We explain the experimental data with a tentative quantum mechanical interpretation, which takes into account the role of plasmon polaritons, and the associated evanescent field. The driving force for the breakdown of the classical Raman selection rules in TERS is caused by photon tunneling through the perturbation of the evanescent field, with the consequent polariton annihilation. Predictions based on this quantum mechanical approach are in good agreement with the experimental data, which are shown to be independent of incoming light polarization, leading to new Raman selection rules for TERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Poliani
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus R Wagner
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Asmus Vierck
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Herziger
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Nenstiel
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florentina Gannott
- Nanomaterials for Optoelectronics Group, Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Schweiger
- Nanomaterials for Optoelectronics Group, Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Fritze
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg , 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Armin Dadgar
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg , 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alois Krost
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg , 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janina Maultzsch
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin , 10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department Physik, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Classification of M1/M2-polarized human macrophages by label-free hyperspectral reflectance confocal microscopy and multivariate analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8965. [PMID: 28827726 PMCID: PMC5566322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08121-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of detecting and classifying living cells in a label-free and non-invasive manner holds significant theranostic potential. In this work, Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) has been successfully applied to the analysis of macrophagic polarization, given its central role in several pathological settings, including the regulation of tumour microenvironment. Human monocyte derived macrophages have been investigated using hyperspectral reflectance confocal microscopy, and hyperspectral datasets have been analysed in terms of M1 vs. M2 polarization by Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Following PCA, Linear Discriminant Analysis has been implemented for semi-automatic classification of macrophagic polarization from HSI data. Our results confirm the possibility to perform single-cell-level in vitro classification of M1 vs. M2 macrophages in a non-invasive and label-free manner with a high accuracy (above 98% for cells deriving from the same donor), supporting the idea of applying the technique to the study of complex interacting cellular systems, such in the case of tumour-immunity in vitro models.
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Pindelska E, Sokal A, Kolodziejski W. Pharmaceutical cocrystals, salts and polymorphs: Advanced characterization techniques. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 117:111-146. [PMID: 28931472 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of a novel drug development is to obtain it with optimal physiochemical, pharmaceutical and biological properties. Pharmaceutical companies and scientists modify active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which often are cocrystals, salts or carefully selected polymorphs, to improve the properties of a parent drug. To find the best form of a drug, various advanced characterization methods should be used. In this review, we have described such analytical methods, dedicated to solid drug forms. Thus, diffraction, spectroscopic, thermal and also pharmaceutical characterization methods are discussed. They all are necessary to study a solid API in its intrinsic complexity from bulk down to the molecular level, gain information on its structure, properties, purity and possible transformations, and make the characterization efficient, comprehensive and complete. Furthermore, these methods can be used to monitor and investigate physical processes, involved in the drug development, in situ and in real time. The main aim of this paper is to gather information on the current advancements in the analytical methods and highlight their pharmaceutical relevance.
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