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Bao HX, Li ZY, Chen C, Li M, Zhang XN, Song K, Sun YL, Wang AJ. Unraveling the impact of perfluorooctanoic acid on sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 479:135617. [PMID: 39213772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PFOA has garnered heightened scrutiny for its impact on denitrification, especially given its frequent detection in secondary effluent discharged from wastewater treatment plants. However, it is still unclear what potential risk PFOA release poses to a typical advanced treatment process, especially the sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification (SAD) process. In this study, different PFOA concentration were tested to explore their impact on denitrification kinetics and microbial dynamic responses of the SAD process. The results showed that an increase PFOA concentration from 0 to 1000 μg/L resulted in a decrease in nitrate removal rate from 9.52 to 7.73 mg-N/L·h. At the same time, it increased nitrite accumulation and N2O emission by 6.11 and 2.03 times, respectively. The inhibitory effect of PFOA on nitrate and nitrite reductase activity in the SAD process was linked to the observed fluctuations in nitrate and nitrite levels. It is noteworthy that nitrite reductase was more vulnerable to the influence of PFOA than nitrate reductase. Furthermore, PFOA showed a significant impact on gene expression and microbial community. Metabolic function prediction revealed a notable decrease in nitrogen metabolism and an increase in sulfur metabolism under PFOA exposure. This study highlights that PFOA has a considerable inhibitory effect on SAD performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xu Bao
- College of the Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Zhou-Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of the Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Min Li
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xue-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Lu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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2
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Yeerken S, Deng M, Li L, Thi Kinh C, Wang Z, Huang Y, Xiao Y, Song K. Evaluating the role of high N 2O affinity complete denitrifiers and non-denitrifying N 2O reducing bacteria in reducing N 2O emissions in river. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 479:135602. [PMID: 39191010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Freshwater rivers are hotspots of N2O greenhouse gas emissions. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the dominant electron donor for microbial N2O reduction, which can reduce N2O emission through enriching high N2O affinity denitrifiers or enriching non-denitrifying N2O-reducing bacteria (N2ORB), but the primary regulatory pathway remains unclear. Here, field study indicated that high DOC concentration in rivers enhanced denitrification rate but reduced N2O flux by improving nosZ gene abundance. Then, four N2O-fed membrane aeration biofilm reactors inoculated with river sediments from river channel, estuary, adjacent lake, and a mixture were continuously performed for 360 days, including low, high, and mixed DOC stages. During enrichment stages, the (nirS+nirK)/nosZ ratio showed no significant difference, but the community structure of denitrifiers and N2ORB changed significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, N2ORB strains isolated from different enrichment stages positioned in different branches of the phylogenetic tree. N2ORB strains isolated during high DOC stage showed significant higher maximum N2O-reducing capability (Vmax: 0.6 ± 0.4 ×10-4 pmol h-1 cell-1) and N2O affinity (a0: 7.8 ± 7.7 ×10-12 L cell-1 h-1) than strains isolated during low (Vmax: 0.1 ± 0.1 ×10-4 pmol h-1 cell-1, a0: 0.7 ± 0.4 ×10-12 L cell-1 h-1) and mixed DOC stages (Vmax: 0.1 ± 0.1 ×10-4 pmol h-1 cell-1, a0: 0.9 ± 0.9 ×10-12 L cell-1 h-1) (p < 0.05). Hence, under high DOC concentration conditions, the primary factor in reducing N2O emissions in rivers is the enrichment of complete denitrifiers with high N2O affinity, rather than non-denitrifying N2ORB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbati Yeerken
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Co Thi Kinh
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zezheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanlin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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3
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Yu Q, Li S, Chen N. Urbanization and greenhouse gas emissions from municipal wastewater in coastal provinces of China: Spatiotemporal patterns, driving factors, and mitigation strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119398. [PMID: 38942253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Coastal cities, as hubs of social and economic activity, have witnessed rapid urbanization and population growth. This study explores the transformative changes in urban municipal wastewater treatment practices and their profound implications for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Chinese coastal provinces. The approach employed in this study integrates comprehensive data analysis with statistical modeling to elucidate the complex interplay between urbanization, wastewater treatment practices, and GHG emissions. Results reveal a substantial surge in GHG emissions from coastal wastewater treatment, rising from 3367.1 Gg CO2e/yr in 1990-23644.8 Gg CO2e/yr in 2019. Spatially, the top 20 cities contribute 56.0% of emissions, with hotspots in the Bohai Sea Region, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta. Initially dominated by emissions from untreated wastewater, post-2004, GHG emissions from treatment processes became the primary source, tied to electricity use. Growing population and urbanization rates escalated wastewater discharge, intensifying GHG emissions. From 1990 to 2019, average GHG intensity ranged between 320.5 and 676.6 g CO2e/m3 wastewater, with an annual increase of 12.3 g CO2e/m3. GHG intensity variations relate to the wastewater treatment rate, impacting CH4, N2O, and CO2 emissions, underscoring the need for targeted strategies to mitigate environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibiao Yu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Nengwang Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environment Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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4
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Dai M, Xu Y, Genjebay Y, Lu L, Wang C, Yang H, Huang C, Huang T. Urbanization significantly increases greenhouse gas emissions from a subtropical headwater stream in Southeast China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173508. [PMID: 38851353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Streams are disproportionately significant contributors to increases in greenhouse gas (GHG) effluxes in river networks. In the context of global urbanization, a growing number of streams are affected by urbanization, which has been suggested to stimulate the water-air GHG emissions from fluvial systems. This study investigated the seasonal and longitudinal profiles of GHG (N2O, CH4, and CO2) concentrations of Jiuxianghe Stream, a headwater stream undergoing urbanization, and estimated its GHG diffusive fluxes and global warming potentials (GWPs) using the boundary layer method. The results showed that N2O, CH4, and CO2 concentrations in Jiuxianghe Stream were 0.45-7.19 μg L-1, 0.31-586.85 μg L-1, and 0.16-11.60 mg L-1, respectively. N2O, CH4, and CO2 concentrations in the stream showed 4.55-, 23.70-, and 7.68-fold increases from headwaters to downstream, respectively, corresponding to the forest-urban transition within the watershed. Multiple linear regression indicated that NO3--N, NH4+-N, and DOC:NO3--N accurately predicted N2O and CO2 concentrations, indicating that N nutrients were the driving factors. The Jiuxianghe Stream was a source of atmospheric GHGs with a daily GWP of 7.31 g CO2-eq m-2 d-1 on average and was significantly positively correlated with the ratio of construction land and forest in the sub-watershed. This study highlights the critical role of urbanization in amplifying GHG emissions from streams, thereby augmenting our understanding of GHG emissions from river networks. With global urbanization on the rise, streams experiencing urbanization are expected to make an unprecedentedly significant contribution to riverine GHG budgets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutan Dai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanhui Xu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China
| | | | - Lingfeng Lu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Changchun Huang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Huang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing 210023, China.
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5
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Xie S, Xia T, Li H, Chen Y, Zhang W. Variability in N 2O emission controls among different ponds within a hilly watershed. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 267:122467. [PMID: 39316960 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
While it is well established that small water bodies like ponds play a disproportionately large role in contributing to N2O emissions, few studies have focused on lowland ponds in hilly watersheds. Here, we explored the characteristics of N2O concentrations and emissions from various typical ponds (village, tea, forested, and aquaculture ponds) in a hilly watershed and examined the specific controls influencing N2O production. Our findings revealed that tea ponds exhibited the highest N2O flux (8.42 ± 8.23 μmol m-2 d-1), which was 2.8 to 3.3 times greater than other types of ponds. Remarkable seasonal variations were observed in tea and forested ponds due to the seasonality of nutrient-enriched runoff, whereas such variations were less pronounced in village and aquaculture ponds. Key factors such as nitrogen levels, temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO) emerged as the primary controls of N2O concentrations in ponds, heavily influenced by land use and human activities in their drainage areas. Specifically, N2O production in tea and aquaculture ponds was driven by N inputs from fertilization and feed, respectively, while DO levels governed the process in village and forested ponds, influenced by abundant algae and forest vegetation. This study emphasizes that environmental factors predominantly drive N2O production in ponds within hilly watersheds, but land use in the pond drainages acts as an indirect yet crucial influence. This highlights the need for future research to develop targeted emission reduction strategies based on land use to effectively mitigate N2O emissions, promising a path toward more sustainable and climate-friendly watershed management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hengpeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongjuan Chen
- College of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China.
| | - Wangshou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Ye F, Wang Y, Duan L, Wu W, Huang Y, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhao Z. Nitrous oxide (N 2O) emissions at the air-water-sediment interfaces of cascade reservoirs in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau: Spatial patterns and environmental controls. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124436. [PMID: 38925220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The construction of cascade reservoirs can interfere with the natural hydrologic cycles of basins, causing negative environmental effects such as altering the emission patterns of the Nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. To elucidate the impact of cascade reservoirs construction on river N2O emissions, we utilized the thin boundary model and the incubation experiments to estimate the N2O fluxes at the air-water interface and at the water-sediment interface of cascade reservoirs on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, respectively. Additionally, we explored the influence of various factors, with particular emphasis on damming, on N2O emissions and production. Moreover, we identified the main pathways of N2O production and proposed management strategies to mitigate N2O emissions from cascade reservoirs. The findings revealed that N2O fluxes at the air-water interface and the water-sediment interface were 4.73 ± 1.32 μmol m-2 · d-1 and 15.56 ± 1.98 μmol m-2 · d-1, respectively. Influenced by temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), resource substances (active nitrogen substrates and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) and reservoir properties (scale, hydraulic retention time (HRT), reservoir age, etc.), the N2O concentration and flux exhibited notable spatial heterogeneity, gradually increasing downstream. Temperature has a significant direct impact on N2O flux, as well as indirect effects through DO and resource chemicals. Furthermore, the correlation between dissolved oxygen utilization rate (AOU) and net N2O flux (ΔN2O) indicated that N2O emissions at the water-air interface were primarily attributable to nitrification, whereas those at the water-sediment interface were predominantly driven by denitrification. These findings not only enhance our comprehension of N2O emissions at various interfaces of cascade reservoirs but also offer theoretical backing for the formulation of management strategies aimed at efficiently mitigating N2O emissions from continuously dammed rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ye
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, China
| | - Lei Duan
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, China
| | - Zhengzheng Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, China
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Kan C, Wang F, Xiang T, Fan Y, Xu W, Liu L, Yang S, Cao W. Wastewater treatment plant effluents increase the global warming potential in a subtropical urbanized river. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 266:122349. [PMID: 39241378 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Rivers play a pivotal role in global carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles. Urbanized rivers are significant hotspots of greenhouse gases (GHGs, N2O, CO2 and CH4) emissions. This study examined the GHGs distributions in the Guanxun River, an effluents-receiving subtropical urbanized river, as well as the key environmental factors and processes affecting the pattern and emission characteristics of GHGs. Dissolved N2O, CO2, and CH4 concentrations reached 228.0 nmol L-1, 0.44 mmol L-1, and 5.2 μmol L-1 during the wet period, and 929.8 nmol L-1, 0.7 mmol L-1, and 4.6 μmol L-1 during the dry period, respectively. Effluents inputs increased C and N loadings, reduced C/N ratios, and promoted further methanogenesis and N2O production dominated by incomplete denitrification after the outfall. Increased urbanization in the far downstream, high hydraulic residence time, low DO and high organic C environment promoted methanogenesis. The strong CH4 oxidation and methanogenic reactions inhibited by the effluents combined to suppress CH4 emissions in downstream near the outfall, and the process also contributed to CO2 production. The carbon fixation downstream from the outfall were inhibited by effluents. Ultimately, it promoted CO2 emissions downstream from the outfall. The continuous C, N, and chlorine inputs maintained the high saturation and production potential of GHGs, and altered microbial community structure and functional genes abundance. Ultimately, the global warming potential downstream increased by 186 % and 84 % during wet and dry periods on the 20-year scale, and increased by 91 % and 49 % during wet and dry periods on the 100-year scale, respectively, compared with upstream from the outfall. In urbanized rivers with sufficient C and N source supply from WWTP effluents, the large effluent equivalently transformed the natural water within the channel into a subsequent "reactor". Furthermore, the IPCC recommended EF5r values appear to underestimate the N2O emission potential of urbanized rivers with high pollution loading that receiving WWTP effluents. The findings of this study might aid the development of effective strategies for mitigating global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Kan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yifei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- Fujian Xiamen Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Xiamen 361022, China.
| | - Lihua Liu
- Fujian Xiamen Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Shengchang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenzhi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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8
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Song K, Wang S, Xu X, Ma J, Yang Y, Zeng Y, Li J, Zhou X, Zhou Y. Benthic clade II-type nitrous oxide reducers suppress nitrous oxide emissions in shallow lakes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172908. [PMID: 38697552 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Shallow lakes, recognized as hotspots for nitrogen cycling, contribute to the emission of the potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), but the current emission estimates for this gas have a high degree of uncertainty. However, the role of N2O-reducing bacteria (N2ORB) as N2O sinks and their contribution to N2O reduction in aquatic ecosystems in response to N2O dynamics have not been determined. Here, we investigated the N2O dynamics and microbial processes in the nitrogen cycle, which included both N2O production and consumption, in five shallow lakes spanning approximately 500 km. The investigated sites exhibited N2O oversaturation, with excess dissolved N2O concentrations (ΔN2O) ranging from 0.55 ± 0.61 to 53.17 ± 15.75 nM. Sediment-bound N2O (sN2O) was significantly positively correlated with the nitrate concentration in the overlying water (p < 0.05), suggesting that nitrate accumulation contributes to benthic N2O generation. High N2O consumption activity (RN2O) corresponded to low ΔN2O. In addition, a significant negative correlation was found between RN2O and nir/nosZ, showing that bacteria encoding nosZ contributed to N2O consumption in the benthic sediments. Redundancy analysis indicated that benthic functional genes effectively reflected the variations in RN2O and ∆N2O. qPCR analysis revealed that the clade II nosZ gene was more sensitive to ΔN2O than the clade I nosZ gene. Furthermore, four novel genera of potential nondenitrifying N2ORB were identified based on metagenome-assembled genome analysis. These genera, which are affiliated with clade II, lack genes responsible for N2O production. Collectively, benthic N2ORB, especially for clade II-type N2ORB, harnesses N2O consumption activity leading to low N2O emissions from shallow lakes. This study advances our knowledge of the role of benthic clade II-type N2ORB in regulating N2O emissions in shallow lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoguang Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environment Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuli Zeng
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jining Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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9
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Wang S, Li S, Ji M, Li J, Huang J, Dang Z, Jiang Z, Zhang S, Zhu X, Ji G. Long-neglected contribution of nitrification to N 2O emissions in the Yellow River. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124099. [PMID: 38703980 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Rivers play a significant role in the global nitrous oxide (N2O) budget. However, the microbial sources and sinks of N2O in river systems are not well understood or quantified, resulting in the prolonged neglect of nitrification. This study investigated the isotopic signatures of N2O, thereby quantifying the microbial source of N2O production and the degree of N2O reduction in the Yellow River. Although denitrification has long been considered to be the dominant pathway of N2O production in rivers, our findings indicated that denitrification only accounted for 18.3% (8.2%-43.0%) of the total contribution to N2O production in the Yellow River, with 50.2%-80.2% being concurrently reduced. The denitrification contribution to N2O production (R2 = 0.44, p < 0.01) and N2O reduction degree (R2 = 0.70, p < 0.01) were positively related to the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content. Similar to urban rivers and eutrophic lakes, denitrification was the primary process responsible for N2O production (43.0%) in certain reaches with high organic content (DOC = 5.29 mg/L). Nevertheless, the denitrification activity was generally constrained by the availability of electron donors (average DOC = 2.51 mg/L) throughout the Yellow River basin. Consequently, nitrification emerged as the primary contributor in the well-oxygenated Yellow River. Additionally, our findings further distinguished the respective contribution of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) to N2O emissions. Although AOB dominated the N2O production in the Yellow River, the AOA specie abundance (AOA/(AOA + AOB)) contributed up to 32.6%, which resulted in 25.6% of the total nitrifier-produced N2O, suggesting a significant occurrence of AOA in the oligotrophic Yellow River. Overall, this study provided a non-invasive approach for quantifying the microbial sources and sinks to N2O emissions, and demonstrated the substantial role of nitrification in the large oligotrophic rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Department of Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mingfei Ji
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Water Security for the Water Source Region of the Mid-line of the South-to-North Diversion Project of Henan Province, College of Life Sciences and Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jilin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhengzhu Dang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhuo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xianfang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guodong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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10
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Deng M, Yeerken S, Wang Y, Li L, Li Z, Oon YS, Oon YL, Xue Y, He X, Zhao X, Song K. Greenhouse gases emissions from aquaculture ponds: Different emission patterns and key microbial processes affected by increased nitrogen loading. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172108. [PMID: 38556013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Global aquaculture production is expected to rise to meet the growing demand for food worldwide, potentially leading to increased anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. As the demand for fish protein increases, so will stocking density, feeding amounts, and nitrogen loading in aquaculture ponds. However, the impact of GHG emissions and the underlying microbial processes remain poorly understood. This study investigated the GHG emission characteristics, key microbial processes, and environmental drivers underlying GHG emissions in low and high nitrogen loading aquaculture ponds (LNP and HNP). The N2O flux in HNP (43.1 ± 11.3 μmol m-2 d-1) was significantly higher than in LNP (-11.3 ± 25.1 μmol m-2 d-1), while the dissolved N2O concentration in HNP (52.8 ± 7.1 nmol L-1) was 150 % higher than in LNP (p < 0.01). However, the methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes and concentrations showed no significant differences (p > 0.05). N2O replaced CH4 as the main source of Global Warming Potential in HNP. Pond sediments acted as a sink for N2O but a source for CH4 and CO2. The △N2O/(△N2O + △N2) in HNP (0.015 ± 0.007 %) was 7.7-fold higher than in LNP (0.002 ± 0.001 %) (p < 0.05). The chemical oxygen demand to NO2-N ratio was the most important environmental factor explaining the variability of N2O fluxes. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria driven nitrification in water was the predominant N2O source, while comammox-driven nitrification and nosZII-driven N2O reduction in water were key processes for reducing N2O emission in LNP but decreased in HNP. The strong CH4 oxidization by Methylocystis and CO2 assimilation by algae resulted in low CH4 emissions and CO2 sink in the aquaculture pond. The Mantel test indicated that HNP increased N2O fluxes mainly through altering functional genes composition in water and sediment. Our findings suggest that there is a significant underestimation of N2O emissions without considering the significantly increased △N2O/(△N2O + △N2) caused by increased nitrogen loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Senbati Yeerken
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuren Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhouyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yoong-Sin Oon
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yoong-Ling Oon
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yunpeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xugang He
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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11
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Tan Q, Wu H, Zheng L, Wang X, Xing Y, Tian Q, Zhang Y. Urban and agricultural land use led to niche differentiation of AOA, AOB and comammox along the Beiyun River continuum. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121480. [PMID: 38518415 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
River ecological health has been severely threatened by anthropogenic land-use pressures. Here, by combining remote sensing and molecular biology methods, we evaluated the impact of land-use activities on nitrification, a fundamental ecological process in rivers, which is conducted by ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB), or the newly discovered complete ammonia oxidisers (comammox). We explored the relationships of the abundance, activity, and diversity of AOA, AOB, and comammox in river sediments with land-use pressure by proposing a quantitative land use pattern index (LPI) over a 184 km continuum along the Beiyun River in North China. We found that comammox dominated nitrification in the forestry upstream (67.07 % in summer, 56.40 % in winter), while AOB became the major player in the urban middle (56.51 % in summer, 53.08 % in winter) and agricultural downstream reaches (62.98 % in summer, 50.74 % in winter). In addition, urban and agricultural land use lowered the α diversity of AOA and comammox, as well as simplified their co-occurrence networks, but promoted AOB diversity and complicated their networks. The structural equation model illustrated that the key drivers affecting the key taxa and activities were ammonia, and C/N for AOB, and total organic matter, and pH for comammox. We thus conclude that watershed urban and agricultural land use drive the niche differentiation of AOA, AOB, and comammox, specifically leading to a robust AOB community but weakened AOA and comammox communities. Our study connects the macro and micro worlds and provides a new paradigm for studying the variation in microbial communities as well as the potential ecological consequences under the increased anthropogenic land-use pressures in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Tan
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Haoming Wu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Lei Zheng
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Yuzi Xing
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Qi Tian
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
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12
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Zhang S, Xia X, Yu L, Liu S, Li X, Wang J, Zheng Y, Han L, Tan Q, Yang Z. Biogeography and impact of nitrous oxide reducers in rivers across a broad environmental gradient on emission rates. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16622. [PMID: 38757466 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Microbial communities that reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) are divided into two clades, nosZI and nosZII. These clades significantly differ in their ecological niches and their implications for N2O emissions in terrestrial environments. However, our understanding of N2O reducers in aquatic systems is currently limited. This study investigated the relative abundance and diversity of nosZI- and nosZII-type N2O reducers in rivers and their impact on N2O emissions. Our findings revealed that stream sediments possess a high capacity for N2O reduction, surpassing N2O production under high N2O/NO3- ratio conditions. This study, along with others in freshwater systems, demonstrated that nosZI marginally dominates more often in rivers. While microbes containing either nosZI and nosZII were crucial in reducing N2O emissions, the net contribution of nosZII-containing microbes was more significant. This can be attributed to the nir gene co-occurring more frequently with the nosZI gene than with the nosZII gene. The diversity within each clade also played a role, with nosZII species being more likely to function as N2O sinks in streams with higher N2O concentrations. Overall, our findings provide a foundation for a better understanding of the biogeography of stream N2O reducers and their effects on N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoda Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lanfang Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
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13
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Shu W, Zhang Q, Audet J, Li Z, Leng P, Qiao Y, Tian C, Chen G, Zhao J, Cheng H, Li F. Non-negligible N 2O emission hotspots: Rivers impacted by ion-adsorption rare earth mining. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121124. [PMID: 38237464 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Rare earth mining causes severe riverine nitrogen pollution, but its effect on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and the associated nitrogen transformation processes remain unclear. Here, we characterized N2O fluxes from China's largest ion-adsorption rare earth mining watershed and elucidated the mechanisms that drove N2O production and consumption using advanced isotope mapping and molecular biology techniques. Compared to the undisturbed river, the mining-affected river exhibited higher N2O fluxes (7.96 ± 10.18 mmol m-2d-1 vs. 2.88 ± 8.27 mmol m-2d-1, P = 0.002), confirming that mining-affected rivers are N2O emission hotspots. Flux variations scaled with high nitrogen supply (resulting from mining activities), and were mainly attributed to changes in water chemistry (i.e., pH, and metal concentrations), sediment property (i.e., particle size), and hydrogeomorphic factors (e.g., river order and slope). Coupled nitrification-denitrification and N2O reduction were the dominant processes controlling the N2O dynamics. Of these, the contribution of incomplete denitrification to N2O production was greater than that of nitrification, especially in the heavily mining-affected reaches. Co-occurrence network analysis identified Thiomonas and Rhodanobacter as the key genus closely associated with N2O production, suggesting their potential roles for denitrification. This is the first study to elucidate N2O emission and influential mechanisms in mining-affected rivers using combined isotopic and molecular techniques. The discovery of this study enhances our understanding of the distinctive processes driving N2O production and consumption in highly anthropogenically disturbed aquatic systems, and also provides the foundation for accurate assessment of N2O emissions from mining-affected rivers on regional and global scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Shu
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Qiuying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Joachim Audet
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Zhao Li
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Peifang Leng
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunfeng Qiao
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida A&M University (FAMU)-Florida State University (FSU) Joint College of Engineering, 32310, United States
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fadong Li
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.
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14
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Wang C, Xv Y, Wu Z, Li X, Li S. Denitrification regulates spatiotemporal pattern of N 2O emission in an interconnected urban river-lake network. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121144. [PMID: 38277822 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Urban rivers are hotspots of N2O production and emission. Interconnected river-lake networks are constructed to improve the water quality and hydrodynamic conditions of urban rivers in many cities of China. However, the impact of the river-lake connectivity project on N2O production and emission remains unclear. This study investigated dissolved N2O and emission of the river-lake network in Wuhan City, China from March 2021 to December 2021. The results showed that river-lake connection greatly decreased riverine Nitrogen (N) concentration and increased dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration compare to traditional urban rivers. N2O emissions from the urban river interconnected with lakes (LUR: 67.3 ± 92.6 μmol/m2/d) were much lower than those from the traditional urban rivers (UR: 467.3 ± 1075.7 μmol/m2/d) and agricultural rivers (AR: 20.4 ± 15.3μmol/m2/d). Regression tree analysis suggested that the N2O concentrations were extremely high when hypoxia exists (DO < 1.6 mg/L), and TDN was the primary factor regulating N2O concentrations when hypoxia does not occur. Thus, we ascribe the low N2O emission in the LUR and AR to the lower N contents and higher DO concentrations. The microbial process of N2O production and consumption were quantitatively estimated by isotopic models. The mean proportion of denitrification derived N2O (fbD) was 63.5 %, 55.6 %, 42.3 % and 42.7 % in the UR, LUR, lakes and AR, suggested denitrification dominated N2O production in the urban rivers, but nitrification dominated N2O production in the lakes and AR. The positive correlation between logN2O and fbD suggested that denitrification is the key process to regulate the N2O production and emission. The abundance of denitrification genes (nirS and nirK) was much higher than that of nitrification genes (amoA and amoB), also evidenced that denitrification was the main N2O source. Therefore, river-lake interconnected projects changed the nutrients level and hypoxic condition, leading to the inhibition of denitrification and nitrification, and ultimately resulting in a decrease of N2O production and emission. These results advance the knowledge on the microbial processes that regulate N2O emissions in inland waters and illustrate the integrated management of water quality and N2O emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Wang
- Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yuhan Xv
- Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zefeng Wu
- Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xing Li
- Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Siyue Li
- Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological Security, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, China.
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15
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Wang G, Liu S, Sun S, Xia X. Unexpected low CO 2 emission from highly disturbed urban inland waters. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116689. [PMID: 37474095 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Constituents and functionality of urban inland waters are significantly perturbed by municipal sewage inputs and tailwater discharge from wastewater treatment plants. However, large knowledge gaps persist in understanding greenhouse gas dynamics in urban inland waters due to a lack of in situ measurements. Herein, via a 3-year field campaign (2018-2020), we report river and lake CO2 emission and related aquatic factors regulating the emission in the municipality of Beijing. Mean pCO2 (546 ± 481 μatm) in the two urban lakes was lower than global non-tropical freshwater lakes and CO2 flux in 47% of the lake observations was negative. Though average pCO2 in urban rivers (3124 ± 3846 μatm) was among the higher range of global rivers (1300-4300 μatm), average CO2 flux was much lower than the global river average (99.7 ± 147.5 versus 358.4 mmol m-2 d-1). The high pCO2 cannot release to the atmosphere due to the low gas exchange rate in urban rivers (average k600 of 1.3 ± 1.3 m d-1), resulting in low CO2 flux in urban rivers. Additionally, eutrophication promotes photosynthetic uptake and aquatic organic substrate production, leading to no clear relationships observed between pCO2 and phytoplankton photosynthesis or dissolved organic carbon. In consistence with the findings, CO2 emission accounted for only 32% of the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission equivalence (CO2, CH4 and N2O) in Beijing waters, in contrast to a major role of anthropogenic CO2 to anthropogenic GHG in the atmosphere in terms of radiative forcing (66%). These results pointed to unique GHG emission profiles and the need for a special account of urban inland waters in terms of aquatic GHG emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China
| | - Shaoda Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Siyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Yeerken S, Li L, Deng M, Song K, Wu F. Effect and microbial mechanism of suspended sediments particle size on nitrous oxide emission in eutrophic lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122180. [PMID: 37442329 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Suspended sediment (SPS) is an important environmental factor in eutrophic lakes, where they may play a significant role in the microbial nitrogen cycle and thus affect the N2O source and sink function. This study investigated the correlation and corresponding microbial mechanisms between N2O emission fluxes and SPS particle sizes. N2O emission characteristics were investigated in four parallel operated lab-scale microcosmic systems, in which different sizes of SPS particles were inoculated (i.e., <75, 75-150, 150-300, and >300 μm). The results show that, N2O emission fluxes in the eutrophic lakes were exponentially correlated with the lake trophic level index (TLI) (R2 = 0.94, p < 0.01) and the specific surface area of the SPS (R2 = 0.38, p < 0.05). In the microcosmic systems, SPS with 75-150 μm particles had the highest N2O emission rate of 5.94 ± 0.007 μg N/L/d, which was 2.6 times that of the <75 μm particle size system. The microcosmic system with particle size >300 μm had the highest N2O reduction rate (Vmax) of 6.776 μmol/L/h, which was 16-50 times that of the other three groups. Larger particle size SPS have a smaller specific surface area, which could affect the microenvironment on SPS surface and thus affect the microbe functions. The microbial community structure results indicated that the dominant microorganisms on the SPS surface were denitrifying bacteria. The maximum (nirS + nirK)/nosZ ratio was 30.2 for the 75-150 μm system, which was nearly 2 times higher than the other systems. The >300 μm system had the highest nosZ abundance, indicating a strong ability to reduce N2O. The co-occurrence networks analysis indicated that the cooperation and competition among nitrifiers and denitrifiers determined N2O emissions. These results provide fundamental insights into the influence of SPS size on N2O emissions in eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbati Yeerken
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-Environmental Science & Technology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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17
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Wang J, Vilmin L, Mogollón JM, Beusen AHW, van Hoek WJ, Liu X, Pika PA, Middelburg JJ, Bouwman AF. Inland Waters Increasingly Produce and Emit Nitrous Oxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13506-13519. [PMID: 37647507 PMCID: PMC10501125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a long-lived greenhouse gas and currently contributes ∼10% to global greenhouse warming. Studies have suggested that inland waters are a large and growing global N2O source, but whether, how, where, when, and why inland-water N2O emissions changed in the Anthropocene remains unclear. Here, we quantify global N2O formation, transport, and emission along the aquatic continuum and their changes using a spatially explicit, mechanistic, coupled biogeochemistry-hydrology model. The global inland-water N2O emission increased from 0.4 to 1.3 Tg N yr-1 during 1900-2010 due to (1) growing N2O inputs mainly from groundwater and (2) increased inland-water N2O production, largely in reservoirs. Inland waters currently contribute 7 (5-10)% to global total N2O emissions. The highest inland-water N2O emissions are typically in and downstream of reservoirs and areas with high population density and intensive agricultural activities in eastern and southern Asia, southeastern North America, and Europe. The expected continuing excessive use of nutrients, dam construction, and development of suboxic conditions in aging reservoirs imply persisting high inland-water N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lauriane Vilmin
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Deltares, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands
| | - José M. Mogollón
- Department
of Industrial Ecology, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur H. W. Beusen
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
- PBL
Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, P.O. Box 30314, 2500 GH The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Wim J. van Hoek
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip A. Pika
- Faculty
of Science, Earth and Climate, Free University
of Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jack J. Middelburg
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander F. Bouwman
- Department
of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Cheng X, Dong Y, Fan F, Xiao S, Liu J, Wang S, Lin W, Zhou C. Shifts in the high-resolution spatial distribution of dissolved N 2O and the underlying microbial communities and processes in the Pearl River Estuary. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120351. [PMID: 37517146 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are significant sources of the ozone-depleting greenhouse gas N2O. However, owing to large spatial heterogeneity and discrete measurements, N2O emissions from estuaries are considerably uncertain. Microbial processes are disputed in terms of the dominant N2O production under severe human disturbance. Herein, combining real-time and high-resolution measurements with bioinformatics analysis, we accurately mapped the consecutive two-dimensional N2O distribution in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), China, and revealed its underlying microbial mechanisms. Both the horizontal and vertical distributions of N2O concentrations varied greatly at fine scales. Supersaturated N2O concentrations (9.1 to 132.2 nmol/L) in the surface water decreased along the estuarine salinity gradient, with several emission hotspots scattering upstream. The vertical N2O distribution showed marked differences from complete mixing upstream to incomplete mixing downstream, with constant or changeable concentrations with increasing depth. Furthermore, spatially varied denitrifying and nitrifying microorganisms controlled the N2O production and distribution in the PRE, with denitrification playing the dominant role. The nirK-type and nirS-type denitrifying bacteria were the primary producers of N2O in the water and sediment columns, respectively. In addition, substrate concentration (NO3- and DOC) regulated N2O production by affecting key microbial processes, while physical influences (water-mass mixing and salt wedges) reshaped N2O distribution. With these information, a conceptual model of estuarine N2O production and distribution was constructed to generalize the possible biochemical processes under environmental constraints, which could provide insights into the N2O biogeochemical cycle and emission mitigation from a mechanistic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cheng
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yue Dong
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China.
| | - Fuqiang Fan
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Shangbin Xiao
- College of Hydraulic and Environment Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; Hubei Field Observation and Scientific Research Stations for Water Ecosystem in Three Gorges Reservoir, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Jia Liu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Hubei Field Observation and Scientific Research Stations for Water Ecosystem in Three Gorges Reservoir, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Chunyang Zhou
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Water Security, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China; Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
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19
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Tan Q, Zhang G, Ding A, Bian Z, Wang X, Xing Y, Zheng L. Anthropogenic land-use activities within watersheds reduce comammox activity and diversity in rivers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117841. [PMID: 37003226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen cycling plays a key role in maintaining river ecological functions which are threatened by anthropogenic activities. The newly discovered complete ammonia oxidation, comammox, provides novel insights into the ecological effects of nitrogen on that it oxidizes ammonia directly to nitrate without releasing nitrite as canonical ammonia oxidization conducted by AOA or AOB which is believed to play an important role in greenhouse gas generation. Theoretically, contribution of commamox, AOA and AOB to ammonia oxidization in rivers might be impacted by anthropogenic land-use activities through alterations in flow regime and nutrient input. While how land use pattern affects comammox and other canonical ammonia oxidizers remains elusive. In this study, we examined the ecological effects of land use practices on the activity and contribution of three distinctive groups of ammonia oxidizers (AOA, AOB, comammox) as well as the composition of comammox bacterial communities from 15 subbasins covering an area of 6166 km2 in North China. The results showed that comammox dominated nitrification (55.71%-81.21%) in less disturbed basins characterized by extensive forests and grassland, while AOB became the major player (53.83%-76.43%) in highly developed basins with drastic urban and agricultural development. In addition, increasing anthropogenic land use activities within the watershed lowered the alpha diversity of comammox communities and simplified the comammox network. Additionally, the alterations of NH4+-N, pH and C/N induced by land use change were found to be crucial drivers in determining the distribution and activity of AOB and comammox. Together, our findings cast a new light on aquatic-terrestrial linkages from the view of microorganism-mediated nitrogen cycling and can further be applied to target watershed land use management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Tan
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guoyu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Aizhong Ding
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhaoyong Bian
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yuzi Xing
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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20
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Li X, He Y, Wang X, Chen H, Liu T, Que Y, Yuan X, Wu S, Zhou T. Watershed urbanization dominated the spatiotemporal pattern of riverine methane emissions: Evidence from montanic streams that drain different landscapes in Southwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 873:162343. [PMID: 36813197 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) emissions from streams are an important component of the global carbon budget of freshwater ecosystems, but these emissions are highly variable and uncertain at the temporal and spatial scales associated with watershed urbanization. In this study, we conducted investigations of dissolved CH4 concentrations and fluxes and related environmental parameters at high spatiotemporal resolution in three montanic streams that drain different landscapes in Southwest China. We found that the average CH4 concentrations and fluxes in the highly urbanized stream (2049 ± 2164 nmol L-1 and 11.95 ± 11.75 mmol·m-2·d-1) were much higher than those in the suburban stream (1021 ± 1183 nmol L-1 and 3.29 ± 3.66 mmol·m-2·d-1) and were approximately 12.3 and 27.8 times those in the rural stream, respectively. It provides powerful evidence that watershed urbanization strongly enhances riverine CH4 emission potential. Temporal patterns of CH4 concentrations and fluxes and their controls were not consistent among the three streams. Seasonal CH4 concentrations in the urbanized streams had negative exponential relationships with monthly precipitation and demonstrated greater sensitivity to rainfall dilution than to the temperature priming effect. Additionally, the CH4 concentrations in the urban and semiurban streams showed strong, but opposite, longitudinal patterns, which were closely related to urban distribution patterns and the HAILS (human activity intensity of the land surface) within the watersheds. High carbon and nitrogen loads from sewage discharge in urban areas and the spatial arrangement of the sewage drainage contributed to the different spatial patterns of the CH4 emissions in different urbanized streams. Moreover, CH4 concentrations in the rural stream were mainly controlled by pH and inorganic nitrogen (NH4+ and NO3-), while urban and semiurban streams were dominated by total organic carbon and nitrogen. We highlighted that rapid urban expansion in montanic small catchments will substantially enhance riverine CH4 concentrations and fluxes and dominate their spatiotemporal pattern and regulatory mechanisms. Future work should consider the spatiotemporal patterns of such urban-disturbed riverine CH4 emissions and focus on the relationship between urban activities with aquatic carbon emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Observation and Research Station of Earth Surface Ecological Processes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
| | - Yixin He
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongyuan 624400, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Observation and Research Station of Earth Surface Ecological Processes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China.
| | - Huai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hongyuan 624400, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing 401331, China; East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yizi Que
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Observation and Research Station of Earth Surface Ecological Processes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Shengnan Wu
- Chongqing Observation and Research Station of Earth Surface Ecological Processes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 405400, China; East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Observation and Research Station of Earth Surface Ecological Processes in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 405400, China; School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, China
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21
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Xing CY, Li H, Li Q, Lu LH, Li Z. Shifts in composition and function of bacterial communities reveal the effect of small barriers on nitrous oxide and methane accumulation in fragmented rivers. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1110025. [PMID: 36896435 PMCID: PMC9990636 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1110025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rivers are often blocked by barriers to form different habitats, but it is not clear whether this change will affect the accumulation of N2O and CH4 in rivers. Here, low barriers (less than 2 m, LB) increased N2O concentration by 1.13 times and CH4 decreased by 0.118 times, while high barriers (higher than 2 m, less than 5 m high, HB) increased N2O concentration by 1.19 times and CH4 by 2.76 times. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated LB and HB can promote the enrichment of Cyanobium and Chloroflexi, further limiting complete denitrification and increasing N2O accumulation. The LB promotes methanotrophs (Methylocystis, Methylophilus, and Methylotenera) to compete with denitrifiers (Pseudomonas) in water, and reduce CH4 accumulation. While the HB can promote the methanotrophs to compete with nitrifiers (Nitrosospira) in sediment, thus reducing the consumption of CH4. LB and HB reduce river velocity, increase water depth, and reduce dissolved oxygen (DO), leading to enrichment of nirS-type denitrifiers and the increase of N2O concentration in water. Moreover, the HB reduces DO concentration and pmoA gene abundance in water, which can increase the accumulation of CH4. In light of the changes in the microbial community and variation in N2O and CH4 accumulation, the impact of fragmented rivers on global greenhouse gas emissions merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Yang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institutes of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Li
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institutes of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institutes of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lun-Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institutes of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institutes of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
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22
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Wang J, Wang G, Zhang S, Xin Y, Jiang C, Liu S, He X, McDowell WH, Xia X. Indirect nitrous oxide emission factors of fluvial networks can be predicted by dissolved organic carbon and nitrate from local to global scales. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:7270-7285. [PMID: 36176238 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Streams and rivers are important sources of nitrous oxide (N2 O), a powerful greenhouse gas. Estimating global riverine N2 O emissions is critical for the assessment of anthropogenic N2 O emission inventories. The indirect N2 O emission factor (EF5r ) model, one of the bottom-up approaches, adopts a fixed EF5r value to estimate riverine N2 O emissions based on IPCC methodology. However, the estimates have considerable uncertainty due to the large spatiotemporal variations in EF5r values. Factors regulating EF5r are poorly understood at the global scale. Here, we combine 4-year in situ observations across rivers of different land use types in China, with a global meta-analysis over six continents, to explore the spatiotemporal variations and controls on EF5r values. Our results show that the EF5r values in China and other regions with high N loads are lower than those for regions with lower N loads. Although the global mean EF5r value is comparable to the IPCC default value, the global EF5r values are highly skewed with large variations, indicating that adopting region-specific EF5r values rather than revising the fixed default value is more appropriate for the estimation of regional and global riverine N2 O emissions. The ratio of dissolved organic carbon to nitrate (DOC/NO3 - ) and NO3 - concentration are identified as the dominant predictors of region-specific EF5r values at both regional and global scales because stoichiometry and nutrients strictly regulate denitrification and N2 O production efficiency in rivers. A multiple linear regression model using DOC/NO3 - and NO3 - is proposed to predict region-specific EF5r values. The good fit of the model associated with easily obtained water quality variables allows its widespread application. This study fills a key knowledge gap in predicting region-specific EF5r values at the global scale and provides a pathway to estimate global riverine N2 O emissions more accurately based on IPCC methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Gongqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Xin
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenrun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoda Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojia He
- The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21, Beijing, China
| | - William H McDowell
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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23
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Huang J, Liu R, Wang Q, Gao X, Han Z, Gao J, Gao H, Zhang S, Wang J, Zhang L, Xia X. Climate factors affect N 2O emissions by influencing the migration and transformation of nonpoint source nitrogen in an agricultural watershed. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:119028. [PMID: 36063704 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation can affect the residence time of nitrogen compounds, and temperature can influence nitrogen transformation in soil. Therefore, we hypothesized that climate factors can affect the emissions of N2O, an important greenhouse gas produced via nitrogen transformation, by influencing the migration and transformation of nonpoint source nitrogen in soil. To test this hypothesis and quantify the effect of climate factors on N2O emissions, the SWAT model and the modified SWAT-N2O coupler were used to study the effect of climate factors on the migration and transformation of nonpoint source nitrogen and N2O emissions in an agricultural watershed from 2009 to 2018. Temperature affected N2O emissions more significant than precipitation, and N2O emissions increased with temperature and reached a plateau when the average monthly temperature was 23.0 °C. The N2O emissions first increased rapidly with precipitation due to the increase in moisture. However, when the average monthly precipitation reached 78.8 mm, the N2O emissions began to decrease because the residence time of nitrogen compounds in soil were reduced due to fast removal via runoff, which inhibits N2O emissions. Under the context of climate change with three scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5), temperature would increase gradually while precipitation would not change significantly from 2021 to 2080, as a result, the changes would increase N2O emissions by 6.7%, 32.3%, and 70.7%, respectively. This study quantifies the feedback of N2O emissions to climate change in croplands, providing a scientific basis for climate change mitigation and agricultural management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruimin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Qingrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiameng Gao
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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24
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Yan X, Han H, Qiu J, Zhang L, Xia Y, Yan X. Suburban agriculture increased N levels but decreased indirect N 2O emissions in an agricultural-urban gradient river. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118639. [PMID: 35640505 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of land use on riverine N2O emissions are not well understood, especially in suburban zones between urban and rural with distinct anthropogenic perturbations. Here, we investigated in situ riverine N2O emissions among suburban, urban, and rural sections of a typical agricultural-urban gradient river, the Qinhuai River of Southeastern China from June 2010 to September 2012. Our results showed that suburban agriculture greatly increased riverine N concentration compared to traditional agricultural rivers (TAR). The mean total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) concentration was 8.18 mg N L-1 in the suburban agricultural rivers (SUAR), which was almost the same as that in the urban rivers (UR, of 8.50 mg N L-1), compared to that in TAR (0.92 mg N L-1). However, the annual average indirect N2O flux from the SUAR was only 27.15 μg N2O-N m-2 h-1, which was slightly higher than that from the TAR (13.14 μg N2O-N m-2 h-1) but much lower than that from the UR (131.10 μg N2O-N m-2 h-1). Moreover, the average N2O emission factor (EF5r, N2O-N/DIN-N) in the SUAR (0.0002) was significantly lower than those in the TAR (0.0028) and UR (0.0004). The limited indirect N2O fluxes from the SUAR are best explained by the high riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and low dissolved oxygen, which probably reduced the denitrification source N2O by favoring complete denitrification to produce N2 and inhibited the nitrification source N2O, respectively. An exponential decrease model incorporating dissolved inorganic nitrogen and DOC could greatly improve our EF5r predictions in the agricultural-urban gradient river. Given the unprecedented suburban agriculture in the world, more studies in suburban agricultural rivers are needed to further refine the EF5r and better reveal the mechanisms behind indirect N2O emissions as influenced by suburban agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haojie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongqiu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Xiaoyuan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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25
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Ho L, Jerves-Cobo R, Barthel M, Six J, Bode S, Boeckx P, Goethals P. Greenhouse gas dynamics in an urbanized river system: influence of water quality and land use. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:37277-37290. [PMID: 35048344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rivers act as a natural source of greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, anthropogenic activities can largely alter the chemical composition and microbial communities of rivers, consequently affecting their GHG production. To investigate these impacts, we assessed the accumulation of CO2, CH4, and N2O in an urban river system (Cuenca, Ecuador). High variation of dissolved GHG concentrations was found among river tributaries that mainly depended on water quality and land use. By using Prati and Oregon water quality indices, we observed a clear pattern between water quality and the dissolved GHG concentration: the more polluted the sites were, the higher were their dissolved GHG concentrations. When river water quality deteriorated from acceptable to very heavily polluted, the mean value of pCO2 and dissolved CH4 increased by up to ten times while N2O concentrations boosted by 15 times. Furthermore, surrounding land-use types, i.e., urban, roads, and agriculture, could considerably affect the GHG production in the rivers. Particularly, the average pCO2 and dissolved N2O of the sites close to urban areas were almost four times higher than those of the natural sites while this ratio was 25 times in case of CH4, reflecting the finding that urban areas had the worst water quality with almost 70% of their sites being polluted while this proportion of nature areas was only 12.5%. Lastly, we identified dissolved oxygen, ammonium, and flow characteristics as the main important factors to the GHG production by applying statistical analysis and random forests. These results highlighted the impacts of land-use types on the production of GHGs in rivers contaminated by sewage discharges and surface runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ho
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ruben Jerves-Cobo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- PROMAS, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, BIOMATH, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matti Barthel
- Department of Environmental System`S Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johan Six
- Department of Environmental System`S Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Bode
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pascal Boeckx
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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26
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Jiang C, Zhang S, Wang J, Xia X. The inhibitory effects of sunlight on nitrogen removal in riverine overlying water with suspended particles. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133941. [PMID: 35150703 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Overlying water with suspended particles is a hot spot for nitrogen removal in river systems. Although light exposure affects nitrogen transformations and nitrogen removal in some environments, such effects have rarely been explored and quantified in riverine overlying water. Herein, we examined the difference between dark and light conditions in the community composition and abundance of nitrogen transformation microbes in simulated overlying water by high-throughput sequencing and qPCR. Moreover, 15N-labeling techniques were used to investigate variation in nitrogen removal rates (N2 and N2O) as well as nitrification rates between dark and light conditions. We found apparent differences in the bacterial community between light and dark microcosms. The abundance of Cyanobacteria was greatly elevated in light microcosms, with the diazotroph nifH gene abundance being 7.4-fold higher in the light microcosm (P < 0.01). However, due to the vulnerability of some specifies to UV damage, the diazotroph species richness was reduced. The abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaeal amoA, ammonia-oxidizing bacterial amoA, and denitrifying nirS genes were 80.1%, 46.3%, and 50.7% lower in the light microcosm, respectively, owing to the differential inhibition of sunlight exposure on these microbes. Both 15N-N2 and 15N-N2O were significantly produced regardless of conditions with or without light. Due to the combined effects of reduced nitrification and denitrification, as well as potentially enhanced nitrogen fixation, the accumulated amounts of 15N-N2 and 15N-N2O were 6.2% and 44.8% lower, respectively, in the light microcosm. This study quantifies the inhibitory effect of sunlight exposure on nitrogen removal in riverine overlying water and reveals the underlying mechanisms, providing insights into our understanding of nitrogen transformations in river systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenrun Jiang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University / State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control / Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China.
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27
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Song K, Senbati Y, Li L, Zhao X, Xue Y, Deng M. Distinctive Microbial Processes and Controlling Factors Related to Indirect N 2O Emission from Agricultural and Urban Rivers in Taihu Watershed. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4642-4654. [PMID: 35266386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inland rivers are hotspots of anthropogenic indirect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, but the underlying microbial processes remain poorly understood. This study measured N2O fluxes from agricultural and urban rivers in Taihu watershed and investigated the microbial processes driving N2O production and consumption. The N2O fluxes were significantly higher in agricultural rivers (140.1 ± 89.1 μmol m-2 d-1) than in urban rivers (25.1 ± 27.0 μmol m-2 d-1) (p < 0.001). All wind-based models significantly underestimated N2O flux in urban rivers (p < 0.05) when using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change method because they underestimated the N2O emission factor (EF5r). Wind speed and nitrate were the key factors affecting N2O fluxes in agricultural and urban rivers, respectively. NirK-type denitrifiers produced N2O in urban river water, while nirS-type denitrifiers consumed N2O in the sediments of all rivers. Co-occurrence network analysis indicated organics from Microcystis served as electron donors for denitrifiers (dominated by Flavobacterium) in water, while direct interspecies electron transfer between Thiobacillus and methanogens and between Dechloromonas and sulfate-reducing bacteria enhanced N2O reduction in sediments. This study advances our knowledge on the distinctive microbial processes that determine N2O emissions in inland rivers and illustrates the need to revise EF5r for N2O estimation in urban rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yeerken Senbati
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yunpeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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28
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Li X, Qi M, Gao D, Liu M, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Hou L. Nitrous oxide emissions from subtropical estuaries: Insights for environmental controls and implications. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 212:118110. [PMID: 35085843 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Estuaries are expected to contribute large nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, however the environmental controls and implications of N2O emissions have not been well understood. Here we investigated water N2O concentrations, fluxes and sources in wet and dry seasons for 2019-2020 in five subtropical estuaries spanning hydrologic characteristics and nitrogen concentrations gradient. Water dissolved N2O concentrations and fluxes were in a range of 15.8-84.9 nmol L-1 and 0.66-22.2 µg m-2 h-1, respectively. These studied estuaries were oversaturated in N2O, with the saturations of 118-615%. Water dissolved N2O concentrations, saturations and fluxes increased significantly as nitrogen concentrations increase, whereas they did not differ significantly between the wet and dry seasons. Water N2O emissions, however, were also lower in the estuaries characterized by large discharge and water flow. N2O saturations and fluxes were determined directly by water nitrogen and oxygen concentrations and more indirectly by water temperature and velocity. The δ15N-N2O and site preference-N2O varied respectively from 2.86 to 11.31‰ and from 1.58 to 11.72‰, which overlapped the values between nitrification and denitrification. Nitrification and denitrification were responsible for 18.7-38.1% and 61.9-81.3% of N2O emissions, respectively. Indirect N2O emission factors were 0.08-0.14% and decreased with increasing total nitrogen concentrations. It is estimated that water N2O emissions in CO2 equiv could offset approximately 4.9% of average CO2 sink of China estuaries. Therefore, these results suggest that nitrogen concentrations and hydrologic characteristics together modify N2O emissions and that estuaries may be the important contributors to N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Mengting Qi
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Dengzhou Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology CREAF-CEAB-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia 08193, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology CREAF-CEAB-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia 08193, Spain; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Lijun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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