1
|
Shi Y, Wang Z, Jia H, Li C. Insights into the transformation of dissolved organic matter and carbon preservation on a MnO 2 surface: Effect of molecular weight of dissolved organic matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174022. [PMID: 38897465 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) is easily adsorbed and transformed by soil minerals and is an important redox-active component of soil and sediment. However, the effects of the molecular weight of DOM on the interface between MnO2 and DOM remain unclear. Herein, fulvic acid (FA) from peat was size-fractionated into four molecular weight fractions (FA>10kDa, FA5-10kDa, FA3-5kDa, and FA<3kDa) and then reacted with δ-MnO2 in this study. The affinity of FA for MnO2 varied significantly with different molecular weights, and large molecular weight FA was more easily adsorbed by MnO2. After 30 h of reaction, the highest mineralization rate was for FA>10kDa (42.39 %), followed by FA5-10kDa (28.65 %), FA3-5kDa (25.58 %), and FA<3kDa (20.37 %), consistent with the results of adsorption. The stronger reducing ability of the large molecular weight fraction of FA to MnO2 was mainly attributed to hydrophobic functional groups, promoting adsorption by MnO2 and the exposure of more active sites. The main active species involved in the mineralization of FA were •OH and Mn4+ through the quenching experiment. Our findings confirm that the large molecular weight fractions of FA play a crucial part in the adsorption and redox reactions of MnO2. These results may help evaluate the performance of different molecular characteristics of FA in the biogeochemical cycles of MnO2 in the soil environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Shi
- School of Horticulture Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Hanzhong Jia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
| | - Chenhui Li
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Korak JA, McKay G. Critical review of fluorescence and absorbance measurements as surrogates for the molecular weight and aromaticity of dissolved organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024. [PMID: 39058291 DOI: 10.1039/d4em00183d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in aquatic environments and challenging to characterize due to its heterogeneity. Optical measurements (i.e., absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy) are popular characterization tools, because they are non-destructive, require small sample volumes, and are relatively inexpensive and more accessible compared to other techniques (e.g., high resolution mass spectrometry). To make inferences about DOM chemistry, optical surrogates have been derived from absorbance and fluorescence spectra to describe differences in spectral shape (e.g., E2:E3 ratio, spectral slope, fluorescence indices) or quantify carbon-normalized optical responses (e.g., specific absorbance (SUVA) or specific fluorescence intensity (SFI)). The most common interpretations relate these optical surrogates to DOM molecular weight or aromaticity. This critical review traces the genesis of each of these interpretations and, to the extent possible, discusses additional lines of evidence that have been developed since their inception using datasets comparing diverse DOM sources or strategic endmembers. This review draws several conclusions. More caution is needed to avoid presenting surrogates as specific to either molecular weight or aromaticity, as these physicochemical characteristics are often correlated or interdependent. Many surrogates are proposed using narrow contexts, such as fractionation of a limited number of samples or dependence on isolates. Further study is needed to determine if interpretations are generalizable to whole-waters. Lastly, there is a broad opportunity to identify why endmembers with low abundance of aromatic carbon (e.g., effluent organic matter, Antarctic lakes) often do not follow systematic trends with molecular weight or aromaticity as observed in endmembers from terrestrial environments with higher plant inputs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Korak
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, USA.
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Garrett McKay
- Zachry Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sherman-Bertinetti SL, Kostelnik EG, Gruber KJ, Balgooyen S, Remucal CK. Preferential Partitioning of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Dissolved Organic Matter in Freshwater Surface Microlayer and Natural Foam. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:13099-13109. [PMID: 38977377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c02285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are surfactants that can accumulate in the surface microlayer (SML) and in natural foams, with potential elevated exposure for organisms at the water surface. However, the impact of water chemistry on PFAS accumulation in these matrices in freshwater systems is unknown. We quantified 36 PFAS in water, the SML, and natural foams from 43 rivers and lakes in Wisconsin, USA, alongside measurements of pH, cations, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). PFAS partition to foams with concentration ranging 2300-328,200 ng/L in waters with 6-139 ng/L PFAS (sum of 36 analytes), corresponding to sodium-normalized enrichment factors ranging <50 to >7000. Similar enrichment is observed for DOC (∼70). PFAS partitioning to foams increases with increasing chain length and is positively correlated with [DOC]. Modest SML enrichment is observed for PFOS (1.4) and FOSA (2.4), while negligible enrichment is observed for other PFAS and DOC due to low specific surface area and turbulent conditions that inhibit surfactant accumulation. However, DOC composition in the SML is distinct from bulk water, as assessed using high-resolution mass spectrometry. This study demonstrates that natural foams in unimpacted and impacted waters can have elevated PFAS concentrations, whereas SML accumulation in surface waters is limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Summer L Sherman-Bertinetti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Edward G Kostelnik
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kaitlyn J Gruber
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Sarah Balgooyen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Du R, Wen J, Huang J, Zhang Q, Shi X, Wang B, Deng S, Yu G. Dissolved organic matter isolates obtained by solid phase extraction exhibit higher absorption and lower photo-reactivity: Effect of components. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 256:121604. [PMID: 38640562 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Notable differences in photo-physical and chemical properties were found between bulk water and solid phase extraction (SPE) isolates for dissolved organic matter (DOM). The moieties extracted using modified styrene divinylbenzene cartridges, which predominantly consist of conjugated aromatic molecules like humic acids, contribute mainly to light absorption but exhibit lower quantum yields of fluorescence and photo-produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs). Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) revealed lignin as the moieties displaying most significant variance in abundance. In Van Krevelen-Spearman plot, we observed molecules positively or negatively correlated with DOM's optical and photochemical properties (including SUVA254, steady-state concentrations of ·OH, 1O2 quantum yield, etc.) were confined to specific regions, which can be delineated using a threshold modified aromaticity index (AImod) of 0.3. Based on the relationships between optical properties and PPRI production, it is suggested that the energy gap between ground state and excited singlet state (△ES1→S0), governing the inner conversion rate, serves as a determinant for apparent quantum yield of PPRIs in DOM, with intra-molecular charge transfer (CT) interactions potentially playing a pivotal role. Regarding DOM's photoreactivity with pollutants, this study has revealed, for the first time, that protein/amino sugars/amino acids could act as antioxidant groups in addition to phenols on the photolysis of sulfadiazine. These findings provide valuable insights into DOM photochemistry and are expected to stimulate further research in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roujia Du
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qianxin Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shubo Deng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environmental and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang X, Yu R, Wang T, Wen X, He Y, Li Z, Ma C, Chen W, Zhang C. Algae-leached DOM inhibits the Hg(II) reduction and uptake by lettuce in aquatic environments under light conditions. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 271:106928. [PMID: 38688065 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The significant role of aquatic phytoplankton in global primary productivity, accounting for approximately 50 % on an annual basis, has been recognized as a crucial factor in the reduction of Hg(II). In this study, we compared the efficiency of Hg(II) photoreduction mediated by three types of algae leaching dissolved organic matter (DOM) and humic acid (DOM-HA). Especially, we investigated the potential effects of algae-leached DOM on the photoreduction of Hg(II) and its subsequent uptake by lettuce, which serves as an indicator of Hg bioavailability for aquatic plants. The results revealed that under light conditions, the conversion of Hg(II) to Hg(0) mediated by algae-leached DOM and DOM-HA was 6.4-39.9 % higher compared to dark condition. Furthermore, the free radical quenching experiment demonstrated that the reduction of Hg(II) mediated by DOM-HA was higher than algae-leached DOM, mainly due to its ability to generate superoxide anion (O2•-). Moreover, the photoreduction efficiences of Hg(II) mediated by algae-leached DOM were 29-18 % lower compared to DOM-HA. The FT-IR analysis revealed that the production of -SH from algae-leached DOM led to the formation of strong metal-complexes, which restricts the reduction process from Hg(II) to Hg(0). Finally, the hydroponics experiment demonstrated that algae-leached DOM inhibited the bioavailability of Hg(II) to plants more effectively than DOM-HA. Our research emphasizes the significant functional roles and potential mechanisms of algae in reducing Hg levels, thereby influencing the availability of Hg in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China.
| | - Tantan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yubo He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zihao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chi Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang J, Guo Z, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Yu P, Ye Z, Qian Y, Yoshimura C, Wang T, Zhang L. Photochemical fate of β-blocker pindolol in riverine and its downstream coastal waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172236. [PMID: 38582123 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Pindolol (PIN) is a commonly used β-blocker drug and has been frequently detected in various natural waters. Comprehensive understanding of its environmental photochemical transformation is necessary to assess its environmental risk. In this study, the photodegradation kinetics and mechanisms of PIN in both freshwater and coastal water were investigated for the first time. The photodegradation experiments were carried out by steady-state photochemical experiment under simulated sunlight irradiation. The results showed that the photodegradation rate of PIN in the freshwater of the Pearl River estuary was significantly faster than that in its downstream coastal water. In river water, PIN can undergo both direct photolysis and indirect photolysis induced by riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) mainly through excited triplet-state of DOM and singlet oxygen, while direct photolysis dominated its degradation in coastal water. The promotion effect was found to be much greater for Suwannee River Natural Organic Matter (SRNOM) than that of the sampled riverine DOM, due to its high steady-state concentrations of reactive species. Interestingly, coastal DOM in northern and southern China were found to have similar promotion effects on PIN photodegradation for the first time, but both less than that of riverine DOM. A total of seven degradation products of PIN resulting from hydroxylation, hydrogen abstraction and cleavage of ether bond were identified. Biological toxicity of one products were found to be higher than that of PIN. These results are of significance for knowing the persistence and ecological risk of PIN in natural waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Zhongyu Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuchen Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Yingqi Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Zimi Ye
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Yao Qian
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Chihiro Yoshimura
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tingting Wang
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Lilan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wasswa J, Perkins M, Matthews DA, Zeng T. Characterizing the Impact of Cyanobacterial Blooms on the Photoreactivity of Surface Waters from New York Lakes: A Combined Statewide Survey and Laboratory Investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8020-8031. [PMID: 38629457 PMCID: PMC11080073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms introduce autochthonous dissolved organic matter (DOM) into aquatic environments, but their impact on surface water photoreactivity has not been investigated through collaborative field sampling with comparative laboratory assessments. In this work, we quantified the apparent quantum yields (Φapp,RI) of reactive intermediates (RIs), including excited triplet states of dissolved organic matter (3DOM*), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydroxyl radicals (•OH), for whole water samples collected by citizen volunteers from more than 100 New York lakes. Multiple comparisons tests and orthogonal partial least-squares analysis identified the level of cyanobacterial chlorophyll a as a key factor in explaining the enhanced photoreactivity of whole water samples sourced from bloom-impacted lakes. Laboratory recultivation of bloom samples in bloom-free lake water demonstrated that apparent increases in Φapp,RI during cyanobacterial growth were likely driven by the production of photoreactive moieties through the heterotrophic transformation of freshly produced labile bloom exudates. Cyanobacterial proliferation also altered the energy distribution of 3DOM* and contributed to the accelerated transformation of protriptyline, a model organic micropollutant susceptible to photosensitized reactions, under simulated sunlight conditions. Overall, our study provides insights into the relationship between the photoreactivity of surface waters and the limnological characteristics and trophic state of lakes and highlights the relevance of cyanobacterial abundance in predicting the photoreactivity of bloom-impacted surface waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Wasswa
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - MaryGail Perkins
- Upstate
Freshwater Institute, Syracuse, New York 13206, United States
| | - David A. Matthews
- Upstate
Freshwater Institute, Syracuse, New York 13206, United States
| | - Teng Zeng
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Korak JA, McKay G. Meta-Analysis of Optical Surrogates for the Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7380-7392. [PMID: 38640357 PMCID: PMC11064222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Optical surrogates, derived from absorbance and fluorescence spectra, are widely used to infer dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition (molecular weight, aromaticity) and genesis (autochthonous vs allochthonous). Despite the broad adoption of optical surrogates, several limitations exist, such as context- and sample-specific factors. These limitations create uncertainty about how compositional interpretations based on optical surrogates are generalized across contexts, specifically if there is duplicative or contradictory information in those interpretations. To explore these limitations, we performed a meta-analysis of optical surrogates for DOM from diverse sources, both from natural systems and after water treatment processes (n = 762). Prior to analysis, data were screened using a newly developed, standardized methodology that applies systematic quality control criteria before reporting surrogates. There was substantial overlap in surrogate values from natural and treated samples, suggesting that the gradients governing the surrogate variability can be generated in both contexts. This overlap provides justification for using optical surrogates originally developed in the context of natural systems to describe DOM changes in engineered systems, although the interpretations may change. Absorbance-based surrogates that describe the amount of spectral tailing (e.g., E2:E3 and S275-295) had a high frequency of strong correlations with one another but not to specific absorbance (SUVA254) or absorbance slope ratio (SR). The fluorescence index (FI) and biological index (β/α) were strongly correlated with one another and to the peak emission wavelength but not to the humification index (HIX). Although SUVA254 and FI have both been correlated to DOM aromaticity in prior research, there was a lack of reciprocity between these optical surrogates across this data set. Additionally, there were patterns of deviations in the wastewater subset, suggesting that effluent organic matter may not follow conventional interpretations, urging caution in the use of optical surrogates to track DOM in water reuse applications. Finally, the meta-analysis highlights that three aspects should be captured when optical spectra are used for DOM interpretation: specific absorbance, absorbance tailing, and the extent of red-shifted fluorescence. We recommend that SUVA254, E2:E3, and FI or β/α be prioritized in future DOM studies to capture these aspects, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Korak
- Department
of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0428, United States
- Environmental
Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Garrett McKay
- Zachry
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas 77843, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo Y, Peng B, Liao J, Cao W, Liu Y, Nie X, Li Z, Ouyang R. Recent advances in the role of dissolved organic matter during antibiotics photodegradation in the aquatic environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170101. [PMID: 38242474 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The presence of residual antibiotics in the environment is a prominent issue. Photodegradation behavior is an important way of antibiotics reduction, which is closely related to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water. The review provides an overview of the latest advancements in the field. Classification, characterization of DOM, and the dominant mechanisms for antibiotic photodegradation were discussed. Furthermore, it summarized and compared the effects of DOM on different antibiotics photodegradation. Moreover, the review comprehensively considered the factors influencing the photodegradation of antibiotics in the aquatic environment, including the characteristics of light, temperature, dosage of DOM, concentration of antibiotics, solution pH, and the presence of coexisting ions. Finally, potential directions were proposed for the development of predictive models for the photodegradation of antibiotics. Based on the review of existing literature, this paper also considered several pathways for the future study of antibiotic photodegradation. This study allows for a better understanding of the DOM's environmental role and provides important new insights into the photochemical fate of antibiotics in the aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Bo Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Jinggan Liao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Weicheng Cao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Yaojun Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Nie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Rui Ouyang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Eco-environmental Changes and Carbon Sequestration of the Dongting Lake Basin, School of Geographic Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Van Frost SR, White AM, Jauquet JM, Magness AM, McMahon KD, Remucal CK. Laboratory measurements underestimate persistence of the aquatic herbicide fluridone in lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2024; 26:368-379. [PMID: 38189445 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00537b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Fluridone is an aquatic herbicide commonly used to treat invasive freshwater plant species such as Eurasian watermilfoil, hydrilla, and curly-leaf pondweed. However, required exposures times are very long and often exceed 100 days. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that determine the fate of fluridone in lakes is critical for supporting effective herbicide treatments and minimizing impacts to non-target species. We use a combination of laboratory and field studies to quantify fluridone photodegradation, as well as sorption and microbial degradation in water and sediment microcosms. Laboratory irradiation studies demonstrate that fluridone is susceptible to direct photodegradation with negligible indirect photodegradation, with predicted half-lives in sunlight ranging from 2.3 days (1 cm path length) to 118 days (integrated over 1 meter). Biodegradation is attributable to microbes in sediment with an observed half-life of 57 days. Lastly, fluridone sorbs to sediments (Koc = 340 ± 28 L kg-1); sorption accounts for 16% of fluridone loss in the microcosm experiments. While the laboratory results indicate that all three loss pathways can influence fluridone fate, these controlled studies oversimplify herbicide behavior due to their inability to replicate field conditions. Fluridone concentration measurements in a lake following commercial application demonstrate a half-life of >150 days, indicating that the herbicide is very persistent in water. This study illustrates why caution should be used when relying on laboratory studies to predict the fate of pesticides and other polar organic compounds in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney R Van Frost
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 660 N. Park St, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Amber M White
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Josie M Jauquet
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 660 N. Park St, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Angela M Magness
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Katherine D McMahon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 660 N. Park St, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 660 N. Park St, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
He H, Sun N, Li L, Zhou H, Hu A, Yang X, Ai J, Jiao R, Yang X, Wang D, Zhang W. Photochemical Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter in Surface Water Augmented the Formation of Disinfection Byproducts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38329881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Sunlight may lead to changes in disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formation potentials of source water via transforming dissolved organic matter (DOM); however, the underlying mechanisms behind these changes remain unclear. This work systematically investigated the effect of photochemical transformation of DOM from reservoir water (DOMRe) and micropolluted river water (DOMRi) after 36 h of simulated sunlight irradiation (equivalent to one month under natural sunlight) on DBPs formation. Upon irradiation, high molecular weight (MW) and aromatic molecules tended to be mineralized or converted into low-MW and highly oxidized (O/C > 0.5) ones which might react with chlorine to generate high levels of DBPs, resulting in an elevation in the yields (μg DBP/mg C) of almost all the measured DBPs and the quantities of unknown DBPs in both DOM samples after chlorination. Additionally, DOMRi contained more aromatic molecules susceptible to photooxidation than DOMRe. Consequently, irradiated DOMRi exhibited a greater increase in the formation potentials of haloacetonitriles, halonitromethanes, and specific regulated DBPs, with nitrogenous DBPs being responsible for the overall rise in the calculated cytotoxicity following chlorination. This work emphasized the importance of a comprehensive removal of phototransformation products that may serve as DBPs precursors from source waters, especially from micropolluted source waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072 Hubei, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Niannian Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Lanfeng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Aibin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoyin Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
| | - Jing Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ruyuan Jiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Swenson JT, Ginder-Vogel M, Remucal CK. Influence of Divalent Cation Inhibition and Dissolved Organic Matter Enhancement on Phenol Oxidation Kinetics by Manganese Oxides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2479-2489. [PMID: 38265036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Manganese oxides can oxidize organic compounds, such as phenols, and may potentially be used in passive water treatment applications. However, the impact of common water constituents, including cations and dissolved organic matter (DOM), on this reaction is poorly understood. For example, the presence of DOM can increase or decrease phenol oxidation rates with manganese oxides. Furthermore, the interactions of DOM and cations and their impact on the phenol oxidation rates have not been examined. Therefore, we investigated the oxidation kinetics of six phenolic contaminants with acid birnessite in ten whole water samples. The oxidation rate constants of 4-chlorophenol, 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-bromophenol, and phenol consistently decreased in all waters relative to buffered ultrapure water, whereas the oxidation rate of bisphenol A and triclosan increased by up to 260% in some waters. Linear regression analyses and targeted experiments demonstrated that the inhibition of phenol oxidation is largely determined by cations. Furthermore, quencher experiments indicated that radical-mediated interactions from oxidized DOM contributed to enhanced oxidation of bisphenol A. The variable changes between compounds and water samples demonstrate the challenge of accurately predicting contaminant transformation rates in environmentally relevant systems based on experiments conducted in the absence of natural water constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna T Swenson
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew Ginder-Vogel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu S, Huang J, He W, Shi L, Zhang W, Li E, Zhang C, Pang H. Impact of polyamide microplastics on riparian sediment structures and Cd(II) adsorption: A comparison of natural exposure, dry-wet cycles, and freeze-thaw cycles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133589. [PMID: 38271876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) accumulation in sediments has posed a huge threat to freshwater ecosystems. However, it is still unclear the effect of MPs on riparian sediment structures and contaminant adsorption under different hydrological processes. In this study, three concentrations of polyamide (PA) MPs-treated sediments (0.1%, 1%, and 10%, w/w) were subjected to natural (NA) exposure, dry-wet (DW) cycles, and freeze-thaw (FT) cycles. The results indicated that PA MPs-added sediment increased the micro-aggregates by 10.1%-18.6% after FT cycles, leading to a decrease in aggregate stability. The pH, OM, and DOC of sediments were significantly increased in DW and FT treatments. In addition, the increasing concentration of PA MPs showed an obvious decrease in aromaticity, humification, and molecular weight of sediment DOM in FT treatments. Also, high level of MPs was more likely to inhibit the formation of humic-like substances and tryptophan-like proteins. For DW and FT cycles, 0.1% and 1% PA MPs-treated sediments slightly increased the adsorption capacity of Cd(II), which may be ascribed to the aging of MPs. Further correlation analysis found that DW and FT altered the link between DOM indicators, and aggregate stability was directly related to the changes in sediment organic carbon. Our findings revealed the ecological risk of MPs accumulating in riparian sediments under typical hydrological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jinhui Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Wenjuan He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lixiu Shi
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Enjie Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Haoliang Pang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gu X, Chen B, Liu H, Feng Y, Wang B, He S, Feng M, Pan G, Han S. Photochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter derived from Alternanthera philoxeroides hydrochar: Insights from molecular transformation and photochemically reactive intermediates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132591. [PMID: 37778307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter (HDOM) enters aquatic ecosystems through soil leaching and surface runoff following the application of hydrochar. However, the photochemical behavior of HDOM remains unclear. The photo-transformation of HDOM was analyzed by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), multiple spectroscopy methods, high-performance liquid chromatography, and combining synchronous fluorescence and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. The results showed that with the increase of carbonization temperature, amide II in protein-like substances were observed to be preferentially photolyzed, and the protein-like substances were more sensitive to low irradiation time, while the duration time of the photochemical behavior of amide II and aliphatic C-H were more persistent. FT-ICR MS results showed that N and S-containing molecules, including lignins and lipids were more sensitive to ultraviolet irradiation. Furthermore, the photo-transformation of HDOMs was accompanied by the generation of triple excited state dissolved organic matter and singlet oxygen. Our findings will be beneficial for understanding the mechanisms of photo-transformation of HDOM and for predicting the possible behaviors of hydrochar produced at different temperatures before large-scale application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xincai Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingfa Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Hong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiying He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Muhua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guojun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shiqun Han
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bulman DM, Milstead RP, Remucal CK. Formation of Targeted and Novel Disinfection Byproducts during Chlorine Photolysis in the Presence of Bromide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18877-18887. [PMID: 37363941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine photolysis is an advanced oxidation process that relies on the combination of direct chlorination by free available chlorine, direct photolysis, and reactive oxidants to transform contaminants. In waters that contain bromide, free available bromine and reactive bromine species can also form. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms or formation potential of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) under these conditions. We investigated reactive oxidant generation and DBP formation under dark conditions, chlorine photolysis, and radical-quenched chorine photolysis with variable chlorine (0-10 mg-Cl2/L) and bromide (0-2,000 μg/L) concentrations, as well as with free available bromine. Probe loss rates and ozone concentrations increase with chlorine concentration and are minimally impacted by bromide. Radical-mediated processes partially contribute to the formation targeted DBPs (i.e., trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, chlorate, and bromate), which increase with increasing chlorine concentration. Chlorinated novel DBPs detected by high-resolution mass spectrometry are attributable to a combination of dark chlorination, direct halogenation by reactive chlorine species, and transformation of precursors, whereas novel brominated DBPs are primarily attributable to dark bromination of electron-rich formulas. The formation of targeted and novel DBPs during chlorine photolysis in waters with elevated bromide may limit treatment applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devon Manley Bulman
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Reid P Milstead
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liao Z, Lu J, Xie K, Wang Y, Yuan Y. Prediction of Photochemical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter Using Machine Learning. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17971-17980. [PMID: 37029743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Apparent quantum yields (Φ) of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs) formed by dissolved organic matter (DOM) are vital to element cycles and contaminant fates in surface water. Simultaneous determination of ΦPPRI values from numerous water samples through existing experimental methods is time consuming and ineffective. Herein, machine learning models were developed with a systematic data set including 1329 data points to predict the values of three ΦPPRIs (Φ3DOM*, Φ1O2, and Φ·OH) based on DOM spectral parameters, experimental conditions, and calculation parameters. The best predictive performances for Φ3DOM*, Φ1O2, and Φ·OH were achieved using the CatBoost model, which outperformed the traditional linear regression models. The significances of the wavelength range and spectral parameters on the three ΦPPRI predictions were revealed, suggesting that DOM with lower molecular weight, lower aromatic content, and a more autochthonous portion possessed higher ΦPPRIs. Chain models were constructed by adding the predicted Φ3DOM* as a new feature into the Φ1O2 and Φ·OH models, which consequently improved the predictive performance of Φ1O2 but worsened the Φ·OH prediction likely due to the complex formation pathways of ·OH. Overall, this study offered robust ΦPPRI prediction across interlaboratory differences and provided new insights into the relationship between PPRIs formation and DOM properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinrong Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kunting Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Plamper P, Lechtenfeld OJ, Herzsprung P, Groß A. A Temporal Graph Model to Predict Chemical Transformations in Complex Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18116-18126. [PMID: 37159837 PMCID: PMC10666529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture of thousands of natural molecules that undergo constant transformation in the environment, such as sunlight induced photochemical reactions. Despite molecular level resolution from ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (UHRMS), trends of mass peak intensities are currently the only way to follow photochemically induced molecular changes in DOM. Many real-world relationships and temporal processes can be intuitively modeled using graph data structures (networks). Graphs enhance the potential and value of AI applications by adding context and interconnections allowing the uncovering of hidden or unknown relationships in data sets. We use a temporal graph model and link prediction to identify transformations of DOM molecules in a photo-oxidation experiment. Our link prediction algorithm simultaneously considers educt removal and product formation for molecules linked by predefined transformation units (oxidation, decarboxylation, etc.). The transformations are further weighted by the extent of intensity change and clustered on the graph structure to identify groups of similar reactivity. The temporal graph is capable of identifying relevant molecules subject to similar reactions and enabling to study their time course. Our approach overcomes previous data evaluation limitations for mechanistic studies of DOM and leverages the potential of temporal graphs to study DOM reactivity by UHRMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Plamper
- Anhalt
University of Applied Sciences, Department Computer Science and Languages, Lohmannstraße 23, Köthen 06366, Germany
| | - Oliver J. Lechtenfeld
- Helmholtz
Centre for Environmental Research − UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Research Group
BioGeoOmics, Permoserstraße
15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- ProVIS
- Centre for Chemical Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental
Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße
15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Peter Herzsprung
- Helmholtz
Centre for Environmental Research − UFZ, Department of Lake Research, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg 39114, Germany
| | - Anika Groß
- Anhalt
University of Applied Sciences, Department Computer Science and Languages, Lohmannstraße 23, Köthen 06366, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhao C, Xu X, Chen H, Wang F, Li P, He C, Shi Q, Yi Y, Li X, Li S, He D. Exploring the Complexities of Dissolved Organic Matter Photochemistry from the Molecular Level by Using Machine Learning Approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:17889-17899. [PMID: 37248194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) sustains a substantial part of the organic matter transported seaward, where photochemical reactions significantly affect its transformation and fate. The irradiation experiments can provide valuable information on the photochemical reactivity (photolabile, photoresistant, and photoproduct) of molecules. However, the inconsistency of the fate of irradiated molecules among different experiments curtailed our understanding of the roles the photochemical reactions have played, which cannot be properly addressed by traditional approaches. Here, we conducted irradiation experiments for samples from two large estuaries in China. Molecules that occurred in irradiation experiments were characterized by the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and assigned probabilistic labels to define their photochemical reactivity. These molecules with probabilistic labels were used to construct a learning database for establishing a suitable machine learning (ML) model. We further applied our well-trained ML model to "un-matched" (i.e., not detected in our irradiation experiments) molecules from five estuaries worldwide, to predict their photochemical reactivity. Results showed that numerous molecules with strong photolability can be captured solely by the ML model. Moreover, comparing DOM photochemical reactivity in five estuaries revealed that the riverine DOM chemistry largely determines their subsequent photochemical transformation. We offer an expandable and renewable approach based on ML to compatibly integrate existing irradiation experiments and shed insight into DOM transformation and degradation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Department of Ocean Science and Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macau, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hongmei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Fengwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Department of Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yuanbi Yi
- Department of Ocean Science and Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macau, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Siliang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ding He
- Department of Ocean Science and Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macau, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sanei E, Marquez I. DOM optical parameters as a tool to understand degradation of phenolic contaminants of emerging concern. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139750. [PMID: 37574083 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Composition and source of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in water influence the rate of production of reactive intermediates (RIs), affecting the photodegradation of phenolic contaminants of emerging concern (PhCECs). However, this relationship has not been fully quantified. Here, for the first time, we propose a mechanism for photodegradation of a surrogate of PhCECs, p-cresol, in different DOM standard solutions under simulated sunlight irradiation. More importantly, the correlation of DOM optical parameters and p-cresol photodegradation kinetic parameters was determined by Pearson correlation. Results showed that indirect photodegradation was the only degradation pathway for p-cresol, mainly through reaction with excited triplet state of dissolved organic matter (3DOM*). Singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydroxyl radical (•OH) hindered degradation of p-cresol by decreasing the steady state concentration of 3DOM*. Moreover, less aromatic and smaller molecular size DOM showed higher steady-state concentration and quantum yield of 1O2, and 3DOM*, resulting in faster p-cresol photodegradation. Finally, 7 out of 8 optical parameters showed strong correlation with the p-cresol photodegradation rate constant. The mechanism and correlations found are a potential tool to predict PhCECs photodegradation in water using DOM optical parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emad Sanei
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, 1200 S Franklin St, Mt Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
| | - Itzel Marquez
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Michigan University, 1200 S Franklin St, Mt Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Milstead RP, Berg SM, Kelly BM, Knellwolf CD, Larson CJ, Wammer KH, Remucal CK. Limitations of conventional approaches to identify photochemically produced reactive intermediates involved in contaminant indirect photodegradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:1694-1707. [PMID: 37728410 PMCID: PMC10591881 DOI: 10.1039/d3em00304c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) mediated indirect photodegradation can play an important role in the degradation of aquatic contaminants. Predicting the rate of this process requires knowledge of the photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRI) that react with the compound of interest, as well as the ability of individual DOM samples to produce PPRI. Key PPRI are typically identified using quencher studies, yet this approach often leads to results that are difficult to interpret. In this work, we analyze the indirect photodegradation of atorvastatin, carbamazepine, sulfadiazine, and benzotriazole using a diverse set of 48 waters from natural and engineered aquatic systems. We use this large data set to evaluate relationships between PPRI formation and indirect photodegradation rate constants, which are directly compared to results using standard quenching experiments. These data demonstrate that triplet state DOM (3DOM) and singlet oxygen (1O2) are critical PPRI for atorvastatin, carbamazepine, and sulfadiazine, while hydroxyl radical (˙OH) contributes to the indirect photodegradation of benzotriazole. We caution against relying on quenching studies because quenching of 3DOM limits the formation of 1O2 and all studied quenchers react with ˙OH. Furthermore, we show that DOM composition directly influences indirect photodegradation and that low molecular weight, microbial-like DOM is positively correlated with the indirect photodegradation rates of carbamazepine, sulfadiazine, and benzotriazole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reid P Milstead
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park St., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
| | - Stephanie M Berg
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park St., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
| | - Bella M Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, USA
| | | | - Cooper J Larson
- Department of Chemistry, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, USA
| | - Kristine H Wammer
- Department of Chemistry, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, USA
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park St., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yu P, Guo Z, Wang T, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhang L. Insights into the mechanisms of natural organic matter on the photodegradation of indomethacin under natural sunlight and simulated light irradiation. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120539. [PMID: 37659181 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Indomethacin (INDO) is an antipyretic and analgesic pharmaceutical that has been widely detected in the aquatic environment. Photodegradation is an essential pathway for removal of INDO in sunlit surface water, however the effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on its photodegradation and the ecotoxicity of photodegradation products are largely unknown. In this study, the effect of DOM on the photodegradation of INDO under both natural and simulated light irradiation was studied. The results showed that indirect photolysis is the main photodegradation pathway of INDO in presence of DOM where 3DOM* plays the most important promoting role. Compared to commercial DOM (SRNOM and SRFA), DOM extracted from local-lake water (SLDOM) promoted the photodegradation to the highest extent. Although the steady-state concentrations of 3DOM* of SRNOM and SRFA were higher than SLDOM, their inhibition effect surpassed SLDOM namely higher light screening effect and phenolic antioxidant concentrations. The photodegradation pathway in pure water is different from that in DOM system where the decarboxylation of acetic acid chain and the oxidative fracture of indole ring are the main degradation pathways. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation further supports the proposed degradation pathways of INDO. ECOSAR calculation showed that the toxicity of INDO photodegradation products to aquatic organisms may maintain or even exceed its parent compound. Therefore, comprehensive understanding of the impact of DOM on the photodegradation of INDO is of crucial significance for evaluating its ecological risk in the natural environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Zhongyu Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Tingting Wang
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Jieqiong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Milstead RP, Horvath ER, Remucal CK. Dissolved Organic Matter Composition Determines Its Susceptibility to Complete and Partial Photooxidation within Lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11876-11885. [PMID: 37523443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in carbon cycling within inland surface waters. Under sunlight irradiation, DOM undergoes complete photooxidation to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and partial photooxidation that alters the molecular composition of DOM. However, a mechanistic understanding of the relationship between DOM composition and its susceptibility to partial and complete photooxidation in surface waters is currently lacking. This work combines light exposure experiments with high-resolution mass spectrometry to investigate DOM photooxidation using two DOM isolates and DOM from 16 lakes that vary in trophic status and size. High ratios of oxygen consumption to dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) production demonstrate that all samples undergo extensive partial photooxidation. At the molecular level, more oxidized, aromatic DOM formulas are associated with oxygen consumption and DIC production. Bulk level measurements indicate that DOM becomes less aromatic and lower in apparent molecular weight following partial photooxidation, and there is molecular level evidence of oxygen addition and loss of CO2 in all samples. However, formulas most susceptible to photooxidation vary depending on the initial DOM composition. Collectively, this work provides insights into the relationship between DOM composition and photooxidation, which has important implications for carbon cycling in diverse surface waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reid P Milstead
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Emma R Horvath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cai T, Zhang X, Zhang S, Ming Y, Zhang Q. Photochemical behaviors of dissolved organic matter in aquatic environment: Generation, characterization, influencing factors and practical application. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116174. [PMID: 37209983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) widely exists in aquatic environment and plays a critical role in environmental photochemical reaction. The photochemical behaviors of DOM in sunlit surface waters have received widely attention because its photochemical effects for some coexisted substances in aquatic environment, especially for organic micropollutants degradation. Therefore, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the photochemical properties and environmental effects of DOM, we reviewed the influence of sources on the structure and composition of DOM with relevant identified techniques to analysis functional groups. Additionally, identification and quantification for reactive intermediates are discussed with a focus on influencing factors to produce reactive intermediates by DOM under solar irradiation. These reactive intermediates can promote the photodegradation of organic micropollutants in the environmental system. In future, attention should be paid to the photochemical properties of DOM and environmental effects in real environmental system and development of advanced techniques to study DOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Cai
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanbo Ming
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuzhuo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241, Shanghai, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai, 200062, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu Y, Cheng F, Zhang T, Qu J, Zhang YN, Peijnenburg WJGM. Determination of excited triplet states of dissolved organic matter using chemical probes: A comparative and mechanistic study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:132011. [PMID: 37451100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycle in natural waters. The determination and characterization of the excited triplet state of DOM (3DOM*) have attracted much attention recently. However, the underlying differences of determined 3DOM* through different pathways are not yet fully understood. In this study, the differences and underlying mechanisms of the determined 3DOM* using 2,4-hexadien-1-ol (HDO) through an energy transfer pathway and 2,4,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) through an electron transfer pathway, were investigated. The results showed that the determined quantum yields of 3DOM* (Φ3DOM*) for four commercial and four isolated local DOMs are different using HDO ((0.04 ± 0.00) × 10-2 to (2.9 ± 0.17) × 10-2)) and TMP ((0.08 ± 0.01) × 10-2 to (1.2 ± 0.17) × 10-2), respectively. For 17 DOM-analogs, significant differences were also observed with the quantum yields of their 3DOM* determined using HDO (ΦHDO) and the triplet-state quantum yield coefficients determined using TMP (fTMP). It indicates the different reactivity of TMP and HDO with the excited triplet of the chromophores with different structures within the isolated DOM. Based on the experimental and predicted values of fTMP and ΦHDO for different DOM-analogs, the impact of substituents on differences in 3DOM* values were further revealed. These results demonstrated that the levels of 3DOM* depended on the chemical functionalities present in the DOM-analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Fangyuan Cheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China.
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Center for Safety of Substances and Products, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen H, Xiao L, Jiang L, Wang X, Tang Y. Autochthonous DOM had solar disinfection effect but nitrate counteracted with them. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 451:131027. [PMID: 36889074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens in natural water can pose great threat to public health and challenge water quality. In sunlit surface water, dissolved organic matters (DOMs) can inactivate pathogens due to their photochemical activity. However, the photoreactivity of autochthonous DOM derived from different source and their interaction with nitrate on photo-inactivation remained limited understood. In this study, the composition and photoreactivity of DOM extracted from Microcystis (ADOM), submerged aquatic plant (PDOM) and river water (RDOM) were studied. Results revealed that lignin and tannin-like polyphenols and polymeric aromatic compounds negatively correlated with quantum yield of 3DOM*, whilst lignin like molecules positively correlated with •OH generation. ADOM had highest photoinactivation efficiency of E. coli, followed by RDOM and PDOM. Both the photogenerated •OH and low energy 3DOM* could inactivate bacteria damaging cell membrane and causing increase of intracellular reactive species. PDOM with more phenolic or polyphenols compounds not only weaken its photoreactivity, also increase regrowth potential of bacteria after photodisinfection. The presence of nitrate counteracted with autochthonous DOMs on photogeneration of •OH and photodisinfection activity, as well as increased the reactivation rate of PDOM and ADOM, which might be attributed to the increase of survival bacteria and more bioavailable fractions provided in systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Chen
- State Key laboratory of Pollution Control & Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China; Ecology and Environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, 109, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou 310007, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lin Xiao
- State Key laboratory of Pollution Control & Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- State Key laboratory of Pollution Control & Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- State Key laboratory of Pollution Control & Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yuqiong Tang
- State Key laboratory of Pollution Control & Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163, Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Berg SM, Wammer KH, Remucal CK. Dissolved Organic Matter Photoreactivity Is Determined by Its Optical Properties, Redox Activity, and Molecular Composition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:6703-6711. [PMID: 37039298 PMCID: PMC11095828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the formation of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRI) during the irradiation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) has remained challenging given the complex nature of this material and differences in PPRI formation mechanisms. We investigate the role of DOM composition in photoreactivity using 48 samples that span the range of DOM in freshwater systems and wastewater. We relate quantum yields for excited triplet-state organic matter (fTMP), singlet oxygen (Φ1O2), and hydroxylating species (Φ•OH) to DOM composition determined using spectroscopy, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and electron-donating capacity (EDC). fTMP and Φ1O2 follow similar trends and are correlated with bulk properties derived from UV-vis spectra and EDC. In contrast, no individual bulk property can be used to predict Φ•OH. At the molecular level, the subset of DOM that is positively correlated to both Φ•OH and EDC is distinct from DOM formulas related to Φ1O2, demonstrating that •OH and 1O2 are formed from different DOM fractions. Multiple linear regressions are used to relate quantum yields of each PPRI to DOM composition parameters derived from multiple techniques, demonstrating that complementary methods are ideal for characterizing DOM because each technique only samples a subset of DOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Berg
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Kristine H. Wammer
- Department of Chemistry, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105
| | - Christina K. Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang S, Yin Y, Yang P, Yao C, Tian S, Lei P, Jiang T, Wang D. Using the end-member mixing model to evaluate biogeochemical reactivities of dissolved organic matter (DOM): autochthonous versus allochthonous origins. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 232:119644. [PMID: 36736245 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an essential component of environmental systems. It usually originates from two end-members, including allochthonous and autochthonous sources. Previously, links have been established between DOM origins/sources and its biogeochemical reactivities. However, the influence of changes in DOM characteristics driven by end-member mixing on DOM biogeochemical reactivities has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated variations of DOM reactivities responding to the dynamics of DOM characteristics induced by different mixing ratios of two DOM end-members derived from humic acid (HA) and algae, respectively. Four biogeochemical reactivities of DOM were evaluated, including biodegradation, ·OH production, photodegradation, and redox capacity. Results showed that the variations of DOM characteristics due to the two end-members mixing significantly impact its biogeochemical reactivities. However, not all spectral parameters and reactivities followed the conservative mixing behavior. In contrast to reactivities of ·OH production and redox capacity, mixed samples showed apparent deviations from conservative linear relationships in biodegradation and photodegradation due to the interaction between the two end-members. Regarding the role of DOM properties influencing reactivity changes, peak A and M were recognized as the most stable parameters. However, peak C and SUVA254 were identified as the most vital contributors for explaining DOM reactivity variations. These findings suggest that a general model for describing the dynamic relationship between DOM source and reactivity cannot be proposed. Thus, the dynamics of DOM reactivity in diverse ecosystems cannot be estimated simply by the "plus or minus" of the reactivity from individual end-member. The effect of end-member mixing should be evaluated in a given reactivity instead of generalization. This study provides important insights for further understanding the dynamics of DOM's environmental role in different ecosystems influenced by variations of source inputs. In future, more field investigations are needed to further verify our findings in this study, especially in the scenario of end-member mixing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yongguang Yin
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Peijie Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shanyi Tian
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Pei Lei
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Herzsprung P, Kamjunke N, Wilske C, Friese K, Boehrer B, Rinke K, Lechtenfeld OJ, von Tümpling W. Data evaluation strategy for identification of key molecular formulas in dissolved organic matter as proxies for biogeochemical reactivity based on abundance differences from ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 232:119672. [PMID: 36739660 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is of relevance for global carbon cycling and important for drinking water processing also. The detection of variation of DOM composition as function of time and space from a methodological viewpoint is essential to observe DOM processing and was addressed so far. High resolution concerning DOM quality was achieved with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). However almost none of the existing FTICR-MS data sets were evaluated addressing the fate of single mass features / molecular formulas (MFs) abundance during experiments. In contrast to former studies we analyze the function of MF abundance of time and space for such MFs which are present in all samples and which were formerly claimed as recalcitrant in not all but a great number of studies. For the first time the reactivity of MFs was directly compared by their abundance differences using a simple equation, the relative intensity difference (δRI). Search strategies to find out the maximum δRI values are introduced. The corresponding MFs will be regarded as key MFs (KEY-MFs). In order to test this new approach data from a recent photo degradation experiment were combined with monitoring surveys conducted in two drinking water reservoirs. The δRI values varied over one order of magnitude (more than five-fold). MFs like C9H12O6 and C10H14O6 revealed high biogeochemical reactivity as photo products. Some of the KEY-MFs were identical with MFs identified as disinfection byproducts precursors in recent studies. Other KEY-MFs were oxygen-rich and relatively unsaturated (poly-phenol-like) and hence relevant to flocculation procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Herzsprung
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany.
| | - Norbert Kamjunke
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany
| | - Christin Wilske
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany
| | - Kurt Friese
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany
| | - Bertram Boehrer
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany
| | - Karsten Rinke
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Lake Research, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany
| | - Oliver J Lechtenfeld
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig D-04318, Germany; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, ProVIS - Centre for Chemical Microscopy, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig D-04318, Germany
| | - Wolf von Tümpling
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, Magdeburg D-39114, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Olmsted CN, Ort R, Tran PQ, McDaniel EA, Roden EE, Bond DR, He S, McMahon KD. Environmental predictors of electroactive bacterioplankton in small boreal lakes. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:705-720. [PMID: 36529539 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular electron transfer (EET) by electroactive bacteria in anoxic soils and sediments is an intensively researched subject, but EET's function in planktonic ecology has been less considered. Following the discovery of an unexpectedly high prevalence of EET genes in a bog lake's bacterioplankton, we hypothesized that the redox capacities of dissolved organic matter (DOM) enrich for electroactive bacteria by mediating redox chemistry. We developed the bioinformatics pipeline FEET (Find EET) to identify and summarize predicted EET protein-encoding genes from metagenomics data. We then applied FEET to 36 bog and thermokarst lakes and correlated gene occurrence with environmental data to test our predictions. Our results provide indirect evidence that DOM may participate in bacterioplankton EET. We found a similarly high prevalence of genes encoding putative EET proteins in most of these lakes, where oxidative EET strongly correlated with DOM. Numerous novel clusters of multiheme cytochromes that may enable EET were identified. Taxa previously not considered EET-capable were found to carry EET genes. We propose that EET and DOM interactions are of ecologically important to bacterioplankton in small boreal lakes, and that EET, particularly by methylotrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs, should be further studied and incorporated into methane emission models of melting permafrost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Olmsted
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Trout Lake Station, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Boulder, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Roger Ort
- Trout Lake Station, Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Boulder, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Patricia Q Tran
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Elizabeth A McDaniel
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Microbiology Doctoral Training Program, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Eric E Roden
- Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Daniel R Bond
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology and BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shaomei He
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Katherine D McMahon
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen W, Yu Z, Yang X, Wang T, Li Z, Wen X, He Y, Zhang C. Unveiling the Role of Dissolved Organic Matter on the Hg Phytoavailability in Biochar-Amended Soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3761. [PMID: 36834455 PMCID: PMC9963283 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can effectively reduce the phytoavailability of mercury (Hg) in soil, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, the dynamic changes in Hg content adsorbed by the biochar (BC-Hg), Hg phytoavailability in the soil (P-Hg), and soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics were determined over a 60-day treatment period. Biochar obtained at 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C reduced the P-Hg concentration assessed by MgCl2 extraction by 9.4%, 23.5% and 32.7%, respectively. However, biochar showed a very limited adsorption on Hg, with the maximum BC-Hg content only accounting for 1.1% of the total amount. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) results showed that the proportion of Hg atoms in biochar after 60 d was barely detectable. Biochar treatment can shift soil DOM toward higher aromatic content and molecular weight. Additionally, the addition of high-temperature biochar increased more humus-like components, but low-temperature biochar increased more protein-like components. Correlation analysis and partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) showed that biochar promoted humus-like fractions formation to reduce the Hg phytoavailability. This research has deepened the understanding of the mechanisms by which biochar stabilizes Hg in agricultural soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (Formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Tantan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zihao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xin Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yubo He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
He S, Linz AM, Stevens SLR, Tran PQ, Moya-Flores F, Oyserman BO, Dwulit-Smith JR, Forest KT, McMahon KD. Diversity, distribution, and expression of opsin genes in freshwater lakes. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:2798-2817. [PMID: 36799010 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Microbial rhodopsins are widely distributed in aquatic environments and may significantly contribute to phototrophy and energy budgets in global oceans. However, the study of freshwater rhodopsins has been largely limited. Here, we explored the diversity, ecological distribution, and expression of opsin genes that encode the apoproteins of type I rhodopsins in humic and clearwater lakes with contrasting physicochemical and optical characteristics. Using metagenomes and metagenome-assembled genomes, we recovered opsin genes from a wide range of taxa, mostly predicted to encode green light-absorbing proton pumps. Viral opsin and novel bacterial opsin clades were recovered. Opsin genes occurred more frequently in taxa from clearwater than from humic water, and opsins in some taxa have nontypical ion-pumping motifs that might be associated with physicochemical conditions of these two freshwater types. Analyses of the surface layer of 33 freshwater systems revealed an inverse correlation between opsin gene abundance and lake dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In humic water with high terrestrial DOC and light-absorbing humic substances, opsin gene abundance was low and dramatically declined within the first few meters, whereas the abundance remained relatively high along the bulk water column in clearwater lakes with low DOC, suggesting opsin gene distribution is influenced by lake optical properties and DOC. Gene expression analysis confirmed the significance of rhodopsin-based phototrophy in clearwater lakes and revealed different diel expressional patterns among major phyla. Overall, our analyses revealed freshwater opsin diversity, distribution and expression patterns, and suggested the significance of rhodopsin-based phototrophy in freshwater energy budgets, especially in clearwater lakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaomei He
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alexandra M Linz
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Sarah L R Stevens
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Patricia Q Tran
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Francisco Moya-Flores
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ben O Oyserman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Dwulit-Smith
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Katrina T Forest
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Katherine D McMahon
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Qian Y, Shi Y, Guo J, Chen Y, Hanigan D, An D. Molecular characterization of disinfection byproduct precursors in filter backwash water from 10 drinking water treatment plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159027. [PMID: 36167135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic matter reacts with chlorine forming disinfection byproducts (DBPs) including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetamides (HAMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), and haloacetonitriles (HANs). Filter backwash water (FBW) is either released back to the environment or recycled to the head of the treatment plant after solids settling and the remaining dissolved organic matter is a significant pool of DBP precursors that are not well understood. We characterized dissolved organic matter in FBW from 10 treatment plants and low molecular weight (MW < 1 kDa) organic matter contributed the most to DBP formation. We demonstrated overall similarity of the molecular composition (e.g., elemental ratios, m/z, DBE) of the 10 samples of FBW by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Aromatic and more highly oxidized compounds preferentially reacted with chlorine, forming DBPs. Low MW (<450 Da) aliphatic compounds, and highly unsaturated and phenolic compounds were the primary precursors of THMs, HANs, and HAMs, and the formation potentials (FPs) of these groups of DBPs were correlated with multiple individual molecular formulae. HAA FPs were correlated with low MW, highly unsaturated and phenolic compounds. These advances in the understanding of the molecular composition of DBP precursors in FBW may develop the effective strategies to control DBP formation and limit impacts on the quality of finished water, and can be expanded to understanding DBP precursors in drinking water sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunkun Qian
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200238, PR China
| | - Yijun Shi
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200238, PR China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200238, PR China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200238, PR China
| | - David Hanigan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0258, USA
| | - Dong An
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200238, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
He J, Yang Y, Wu X, Zhi G, Zhang Y, Sun X, Jiao L, Deng W, Zhou H, Shao Z, Zhu Q. Responses of dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics in eutrophic lake to water diversion from external watershed. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 312:119992. [PMID: 36029904 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is an important water environment issue facing global lakes. Diversion of water from external watersheds into lakes is considered as effective in ameliorating eutrophication and reducing algal blooms. Nevertheless, the changes in lake water environment caused by external water diversion, especially the influence of water diversion on the characteristics of dissolved organic matters (DOM), are still poorly understood. We therefore used a combination of EEM-PARAFAC, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) to investigate the effects of water diversion from the Niulan River on DOM characteristics in Lake Dianchi. The results showed that the water diversion from the Niulan River significantly improved the water quality of Lake Dianchi, the concentrations of TN, TP, COD and Chla decreased rapidly, and the degree of humification of dissolved organic matter (DOM) increased, which was in sharp contrast with that of pre-implementation. Firstly, the diversion of water from the Niulan River mainly led to changes in the structure of pollution sources. The load of influent rivers and sewage treatment plants rich in lignin and tannins increased, and the input of terrestrial humus increased. Second, the improved water quality reduced algal enrichment and frequency of blooms, and reduced the release of lipid- and protein-riched algal-derived DOM. Finally, the hydraulic retention time of Lake Dianchi caused by water diversion was shortened, the hydrodynamic conditions were significantly improved, and the dissolved oxygen (DO) level gradually recovered, which played a positive role in improving the humification degree of DOM. Our findings provide new insights for exploring the improvement of eutrophic lake eco-environmental quality caused by water diversion projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhi
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xiaoneng Sun
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Lixin Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Institute of Water Environment Research, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Weiming Deng
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Hongbin Zhou
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Zhi Shao
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Qifeng Zhu
- Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming, 650032, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang Y, Gong X, Huang D, Yan S, Zhang J. The binding effect and photooxidation on oxytetracycline with algal extracellular polymeric substances and natural organic matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135826. [PMID: 35948104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface water contains a large amount of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Interactions between DOM and micropollutants have a significant impact on micropollutant degradation. In this study, algal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and natural organic matter (NOM) were selected as two DOM sources and oxytetracycline (OTC) as a representative micropollutant. EPS was mainly composed of tryptophan and protein-like organics, while NOM was mainly composed of fulvic acid-like, humic acid-like, and hydrophobic acid components. In addition, OTC degradation significantly decreased when bound with EPS and the C=O and C-H bonds of CH2 or CH3 groups may be involved in binding EPS and OTC, respectively, while -COOH may be involved in the binding of NOM and OTC. Furthermore, triplet intermediates were found to play a major role in OTC photodegradation in both EPS and NOM, with the contribution calculated as 49.96% and 44.61%, respectively. Steady-state concentrations of 3EPS* in EPS and 3NOM* in NOM were 3.59 × 10-14 mol L-1 and 5.54 × 10-15 mol L-1, respectively. These results provide new insights into the degradation of antibiotic-containing wastewater in the natural environment or engineering applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Xinye Gong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Deying Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Shuwen Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - Jibiao Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu H, Li X, Guo M, Li F, Yang K, Liu X. Dissolved organic matters with low molecular weight fractions exhibit high photochemical potential for reactive oxygen formation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135542. [PMID: 35777542 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were highly related to the molecular weight (MW) and organic compositions. In this study, the bulk algae- and macrophyte-derived DOM (ADOM and MDOM, respectively) and Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA) were applied and fractionated into low MW- (LMW, <1 kDa) and high MW-(HMW-, 1 kDã0.45 μm) fractions. The formation and mechanisms of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (e.g., HO•, 1O2, and 3CDOM*) for these bulk and MW-fractionated samples were compared via the irradiation experiment, fluorescence and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Results showed that humic-/fulvic-like substances were mainly distributed in the LMW fraction which occupied about 44-60% of total organic carbon for ADOM and MDOM and 13% for SRHA. Photochemical experiments showed that the autochthonous DOMs (e.g., ADOM and MDOM) were characterized with comparable formation rates and quantum yields of reactive oxygens with the allochthonous SRHA, suggesting the high photochemical formation potential. Further analysis showed obvious MW-dependent heterogeneities that, irrespective of DOM types, the LMW-fraction exhibited higher formation rates and quantum yields, followed by the bulk- and then the HMW-fractions. The fluorescence and FT-ICR-MS results indicated that the unique biochemical classes, i.e., humic-/fulvic-like moieties and protein-/lipid-derived compounds in the LMW fractions may be responsible for the high apparent quantum yields. This study highlighted the importance of simultaneous characterization of MW and organic compositions for evaluating the photochemical potential and other behaviors and effects of aquatic DOMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huacheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Keli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Technology Research and Development Center of Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lakes Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hassanpour B, Blair N, Aristilde L. Metabolomics analysis of unresolved molecular variability in stoichiometry dynamics of a stream dissolved organic matter. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118923. [PMID: 36001905 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Broad molecular classification based on stoichiometric ratio relationships has been used extensively to characterize the chemical diversity of aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM). However, variability in the molecular composition within this classification has remained elusive, thus limiting the interpretation of DOM dynamics, especially with respect to transport versus transformation patterns in response to hydrologic or landscape changes. Here, leveraging high-frequency spatiotemporal sampling during rainfall events at a Critical Zone Observatory project site in Clear Creek, Iowa, we apply a metabolomics-based analysis validated with fragmentation using tandem mass spectrometry to uncover patterns in the molecular features of the DOM composition that were not resolved by classification based on stoichiometric ratios in the chemical formulae. From upstream to downstream sites, beyond the increased aromaticity implied by changes in the stoichiometric ratios, we identified an increased abundance of flavonoids and other phenylpropanoids, two important subgroups of aromatic compounds. The stoichiometric analysis also proposed a localized decline in the abundance of lipid-like compounds, which we attributed specifically to medium-chain and short-chain fatty acids; other lipids such as long-chain fatty acids and sterol lipids remained unchanged. We further determined in-stream molecular transitions and specific compound degradation by capturing changes in the molecular masses of terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, fatty acids, and amino acids. In sum, the metabolomics analysis of the chemical formulae resolved molecular variability imprinted on the stoichiometric DOM composition to implicate key molecular subgroups underlying carbon transport and cycling dynamics in the stream.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Hassanpour
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Neal Blair
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Ludmilla Aristilde
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Berggren M, Guillemette F, Bieroza M, Buffam I, Deininger A, Hawkes JA, Kothawala DN, LaBrie R, Lapierre J, Murphy KR, Al‐Kharusi ES, Rulli MPD, Hensgens G, Younes H, Wünsch UJ. Unified understanding of intrinsic and extrinsic controls of dissolved organic carbon reactivity in aquatic ecosystems. Ecology 2022; 103:e3763. [PMID: 35612376 PMCID: PMC9540823 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite our growing understanding of the global carbon cycle, scientific consensus on the drivers and mechanisms that control dissolved organic carbon (DOC) turnover in aquatic systems is lacking, hampered by the mismatch between research that approaches DOC reactivity from either intrinsic (inherent chemical properties) or extrinsic (environmental context) perspectives. Here we propose a conceptual view of DOC reactivity in which the combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors controls turnover rates and determines which reactions will occur. We review three major types of reactions (biological, photochemical, and flocculation) from an intrinsic chemical perspective and further define the environmental features that modulate the expression of chemically inherent reactivity potential. Finally, we propose hypotheses of how extrinsic and intrinsic factors together shape patterns in DOC turnover across the land-to-ocean continuum, underscoring that there is no intrinsic DOC reactivity without environmental context. By acknowledging the intrinsic-extrinsic control duality, our framework intends to foster improved modeling of DOC reactivity and its impact on ecosystem services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Berggren
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - François Guillemette
- Département des sciences de l'environnementUniversité du Québec à Trois‐RivièresTrois‐RivièresQuébecCanada
- Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL)MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Magdalena Bieroza
- Department of Soil and EnvironmentSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Ishi Buffam
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Planning and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Anne Deininger
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA)OsloNorway
- Centre for Coastal Research (CCR), University of AgderKristiansandNorway
| | | | | | - Richard LaBrie
- Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL)MontréalQuébecCanada
- Département des Sciences biologiquesUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
- Interdisciplinary Environmental Research CentreFreibergGermany
| | - Jean‐François Lapierre
- Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL)MontréalQuébecCanada
- Département des Sciences biologiquesUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Kathleen R. Murphy
- Department of Architecture and Civil EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
| | - Enass S. Al‐Kharusi
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Mayra P. D. Rulli
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Geert Hensgens
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Hani Younes
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem ScienceLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Urban J. Wünsch
- Department of Architecture and Civil EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Vatankhah H, Tajdini B, Milstead RP, Clevenger E, Murray C, Knappe D, Remucal CK, Bellona C. Impact of ozone-biologically active filtration on the breakthrough of Perfluoroalkyl acids during granular activated carbon treatment of municipal wastewater effluent. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118988. [PMID: 36007399 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The presence of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in municipal wastewater has highlighted the need to develop PFAA treatment approaches for wastewater effluent and potable reuse applications. Ozone (O3) and biologically active filtration (BAF) were investigated as standalone and combined pretreatment processes to improve the performance of granular activated carbon (GAC) for PFAA removal from wastewater effluent. As individual processes, ozonation at all three investigated doses (0.35, 0.75, 1.0 mg O3/mg DOC) and BAF at both tested empty bed contact times (EBCT; 15 and 20 min) led to significant improvement in PFAA removal by subsequent GAC treatment. With respect to standalone ozonation, the specific O3 dose of 0.75 mg O3/mg DOC was proven to be the optimum operating condition as further increase of the specific ozone dose to 1.0 mg O3/mg DOC did not provide considerable additional improvement. Extending the EBCT during standalone BAF from 15 to 20 minutes significantly improved the efficacy of GAC for the removal of tested PFAAs. Pretreatment with O3-BAF (0.75 mg O3/mg DOC; 20 min EBCT) in tandem outperformed both standalone ozonation and BAF for the removal of PFAA by GAC. Characterization of effluent organic matter (EfOM) by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) before and after pretreatments suggest that among multiple co-occurring phenomena, the shift towards smaller and more polar EfOM may have predominantly alleviated pore constriction/blockage without having adverse impact on direct site competition. This observation is supported by SEC and FT-ICR-MS results indicating reduced EfOM molecular size through O3 and BAF pretreatment as well as transition to more hydrophilic byproducts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hooman Vatankhah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA; National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-Inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), USA
| | - Bahareh Tajdini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Reid P Milstead
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Erica Clevenger
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Conner Murray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Detlef Knappe
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Christopher Bellona
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, USA; National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Re-Inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gao Z, Liu J, Skurie C, Zhu Y, Jun YS. Photochemical reactions of dissolved organic matter and bromide ions facilitate abiotic formation of manganese oxide solids. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118831. [PMID: 35872522 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) oxide solids are ubiquitous in nature, acting as both electron donors and acceptors in diverse redox reactions in the environment. Reactions of Mn(III/IV) oxides with dissolved natural organic matter (DOM) are commonly described as reductive dissolutions that generate Mn2+(aq). In this study, we investigated the role of photochemical reactions of DOM in Mn2+(aq) oxidation and the resulting formation of Mn oxide solids. During the photolysis of DOM, reactive intermediates can be generated, including excited triplet state DOM (3DOM*), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), superoxide radicals (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide, and singlet oxygen. Among these, we found that O2•- radicals were mainly responsible for Mn oxidation. The solution pH controlled the formation of Mn oxide solids by affecting both Mn2+ oxidation by O2•- during photolysis of DOM and reductive dissolutions of Mn oxide solids by DOM. Further, with the addition of bromide ions (Br-), reactions between 3DOM* and Br-, together with reactions between •OH and Br-, can form reactive bromide radicals. The formed Br radicals also promoted Mn oxide formation. In DOM with more aromatic functional groups, more Mn2+ was oxidized to Mn oxide solids. This enhanced oxidation could be the result of promoted pathways from charge-transfer state DOM (DOM•+/•-) to O2•-. These new observations advance our understanding of natural Mn2+ oxidation and Mn(III/IV) oxide formation and highlight the underappreciated oxidative roles of DOM in the oxidation of metal ions in surface water illuminated by sunlight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Gao
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Charlie Skurie
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Yaguang Zhu
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Young-Shin Jun
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
White AM, Nault ME, McMahon KD, Remucal CK. Synthesizing Laboratory and Field Experiments to Quantify Dominant Transformation Mechanisms of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) in Aquatic Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:10838-10848. [PMID: 35856571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory studies used to assess the environmental fate of organic chemicals such as pesticides fail to replicate environmental conditions, resulting in large errors in predicted transformation rates. We combine laboratory and field data to identify the dominant loss processes of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in lakes for the first time. Microbial and photochemical degradation are individually assessed using laboratory-based microcosms and irradiation studies, respectively. Field campaigns are conducted in six lakes to quantify 2,4-D loss following large-scale herbicide treatments. Irradiation studies show that 2,4-D undergoes direct photodegradation, but modeling efforts demonstrated that this process is negligible under environmental conditions. Microcosms constructed using field inocula show that sediment microbial communities are responsible for degradation of 2,4-D in lakes. Attempts to quantify transformation products are unsuccessful in both laboratory and field studies, suggesting that their persistence is not a major concern. The synthesis of laboratory and field experiments is used to demonstrate best practices in designing laboratory persistence studies and in using those results to mechanistically predict contaminant fate in complex aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M White
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michelle E Nault
- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Madison, Bureau of Water Quality, Madison, Wisconsin 53707, United States
| | - Katherine D McMahon
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Christina K Remucal
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
He Y, Zhu R, Cai Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Pan S, Schneider RJ, Zhang Y. Transcriptomics and protein biomarkers reveal the detoxifying mechanisms of UV radiation for nebivolol toward zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos/larvae. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 249:106241. [PMID: 35868139 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nebivolol (NEB), a β-blocker frequently used to treat cardiovascular diseases, has been widely detected in aquatic environments, and can be degraded under exposure to UV radiation, leading to the formation of certain transformation products (UV-TPs). Thus, the toxic effects of NEB and its UV-TPs on aquatic organisms are of great importance for aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, the degradation pathway of NEB under UV radiation was investigated. Subsequently, zebrafish embryos/larvae were used to assess the median lethal concentration (LC50) of NEB, and to clarify the sub-lethal effects of NEB and its UV-TPs for the first time. It was found that UV radiation could reduce the toxic effects of NEB on the early development of zebrafish. Transcriptomic analysis identified the top 20 enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in zebrafish larvae exposed to NEB, most of which were associated with the antioxidant, nervous, and immune systems. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the pathways were reduced after UV radiation. Furthermore, the analysis of protein biomarkers, including CAT and GST (antioxidant response), AChE and ACh (neurotoxicity), CRP and LYS (immune response), revealed that NEB exposure reduced the activity of these biomarkers, whereas UV radiation could alleviate the effects. The present study provides initial insights into the mechanisms underlying toxic effects of NEB and the detoxification effects of UV radiation on the early development of zebrafish. It highlights the necessity of considering the toxicity of UV-TPs when evaluating the toxicity of emerging pollutants in aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yide He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
| | - Rongwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Yujie Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Shunlong Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter -Str. 11, Berlin D-12489, Germany
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wan D, Wang J, Chen T, Xiang W, Selvinsimpson S, Chen Y. Effect of disinfection on the photoreactivity of effluent organic matter and photodegradation of organic contaminants. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118552. [PMID: 35550969 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine, UV254, and ozone are three typical processes commonly used for wastewater disinfection, which could change the photoreactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The photoinduced reactive species (RS) from DOM, primarily including the excited triplet state of DOM (3DOM*), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydroxyl radical (•OH), play important roles in the attenuation of contaminants. However, the effect of disinfection processes on the photosensitized degradation of contaminants is poorly understood. This paper presents the first evidence that 3DOM*, 1O2, and •OH interaction with three typical contaminants (diphenhydramine, cimetidine, and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET)) was largely impacted by DOM after disinfection. The results of electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry and laser flash photolysis (LFP) experiments demonstrated that the chlorination increased the formation rate of 3DOM* and 1O2, while UV254 irradiation and ozonation decreased the formation rate of these RS. All these three disinfection processes promoted the photoproduction of •OH and increased the photodegradation rate constants (kobs) of DEET by 26-361%. The kobs of diphenhydramine, cimetidine, and DEET correlated positively with the formation rate of 3DOM*, 1O2, and •OH, respectively. The bimolecular reaction rate constant of 3DOM* with diphenhydramine increased by ∼41% after chlorination. These findings suggest that disinfection processes altered the photogeneration of RS from DOM, which significantly impacts the fate of trace pollutants in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Tong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Weiming Xiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | | | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu M, Zhao Z, Lu Q, Yu W. Release of dissolved organic carbon from biochar and formation of humic-like component during photoreaction: Effects of Ca 2+ and pH. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 219:118616. [PMID: 35597217 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical reactivity of dissolved organic carbon from biochar (DBC) was higher than dissolved organic matter (DOM), but the photo-transformation of DBC in the presence of DOM under various conditions are poorly understood. Here, we studied the effects of Ca2+ and pH on the photo-induced changes in the optical and structural properties of DOM in source water with biochar. During DBC photobleaching, the DBC released from bulk DBC while the humic-like component formed. The release of DBC and the formation of humic-like component were inhibited by the presence of Ca2+ attributed to the inhibition of triplet excited state of DOM (3DOM*) and singlet oxygen (1O2) generation. Moreover, the 3DOM* yield increased while the 1O2 generation decreased as pH decreased from neutral, resulting in the increased formation of humic-like component and decreased release of DBC. The characterizations of ultrafiltration-isolated colloidal DOM after irradiation showed that hydrophilicity and the colloidal size of released DBC decreased in the presence of Ca2+. Additionally, the colloidal size of released DBC decreased while the hydrophilicity of DBC enhanced with increasing pH from neutral. This study not only gives insight into the DBC photo-transformation in the presence of DOM under various conditions but also reveals the influence of DBC on the variation of DOM properties during irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qingxuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li XQ, Hua ZL, Zhang JY, Gu L. Interactions between dissolved organic matter and perfluoroalkyl acids in natural rivers and lakes: A case study of the northwest of Taihu Lake Basin, China. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 216:118324. [PMID: 35339055 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) is essential for predicting the distribution, transport, and fate of PFAAs in aquatic environments. Based on field investigations in the northwest of Taihu Lake Basin combined with laboratory experiments, we obtained DOM and PFAA concentrations as well as compositions and investigated key factors of DOM affecting PFAA variability and capture of PFAAs by DOM. Results indicated that the total concentrations of PFAAs were 73.4-689 ng/L in surface water and that PFAAs were dominated by C3-7 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid. The main components of DOM included tyrosine-, fulvic-, and tryptophan-like substances. The Mantel test revealed a significant positive correlation between DOM and PFAAs (P = 0.0001). Fulvic-like substances were identified as the most crucial factors affecting PFAA variability. The laboratory experiments revealed that DOM can spontaneously aggregate into a microgel. Furthermore, 19.1-50.9% of PFAAs, DOM characteristic peaks, and several metals (Ca, Mg, Cu, and Fe) can be removed during aggregation, indicating the capacity of DOM binding organic/inorganic substances. The fulvic-like substances were more effectively removed than the protein-like substances. The distribution coefficients of all PFAAs except perfluorohexanoic acid significantly correlated with their perfluorinated carbon numbers (r = 0.975, p<0.001). Our results provided insights into the interactions between DOM and PFAAs, improving the understanding of the distribution, transport, and fate of PFAAs in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Zu-Lin Hua
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China.
| | - Jian-Yun Zhang
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Jiangsu, 210098, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sardana A, Weaver L, Aziz TN. Effects of dissolved organic matter characteristics on the photosensitized degradation of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:805-824. [PMID: 35481471 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00545f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment wetlands are aquatic systems where diverse dissolved organic matter (DOM) compositions physically interact. Complex photochemical behaviors ensue, leading to uncertainties in the prediction of indirect photodegradation rates for organic contaminants. Here, we evaluate the photosensitization ability of whole water DOM samples from a treatment wetland and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in North Carolina to photodegrade target pharmaceuticals. Optical characterization using ultraviolet-visible and excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy shows that wetland DOM has higher aromaticity than WWTP DOM and that WWTP secondary treatment processes increase aromaticity, overall molecular weight, and humic character of wastewater DOM. Our application of a reversed-phase HPLC method to assess DOM polarity distinctly reveals that a subset of the wetland samples possesses an abundance of hydrophobic DOM moieties. Hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) mediate the majority (>50%) of the indirect photodegradation for amoxicillin (AMX), atenolol (ATL), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), while singlet oxygen (1O2) is presumed to be solely responsible for the photodegradation of cimetidine (CME). Our findings suggest that hydrophobic interactions and improved accessibility to photogenerated reactive intermediates lead to significant increases in photosensitization efficiencies and overall indirect photodegradation rates of AMX, ATL, and EE2 for the hydrophobic wetland samples. In contrast, CME photosensitization yields are unaffected by polarity and trend positively with optical indicators of sunlight-induced DOM photobleaching and humification, suggesting that wetland processing favors faster 1O2 photogeneration. These relationships highlight the uncertainties in photosensitization yields and effects of DOM optical properties and polarity on the photochemical fate of organic contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Sardana
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 3250 Fitts-Woolard Hall, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh NC 27695, USA.
- Geosyntec Consultants Inc., 2501 Blue Ridge Road, Suite 430, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Leah Weaver
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 3250 Fitts-Woolard Hall, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh NC 27695, USA.
| | - Tarek N Aziz
- Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, 3250 Fitts-Woolard Hall, 915 Partners Way, Raleigh NC 27695, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zeng Y, Fang G, Fu Q, Peng F, Wang X, Dionysiou DD, Guo J, Gao J, Zhou D, Wang Y. Mechanistic Study of the Effects of Agricultural Amendments on Photochemical Processes in Paddy Water during Rice Growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4221-4230. [PMID: 35275630 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical properties of paddy water might be affected by the commonly used amendments in rice fields owing to the associated changes in water chemistry; however, this important aspect has rarely been explored. We examined the effects of agricultural amendments on the photochemistry of paddy water during rice growth. The amendments significantly influenced the photogenerated reactive intermediates (RIs) in paddy water, such as triplet dissolved organic matter (3DOM*), singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radicals. Compared with control experiments without amendments, the application of straw and lime increased the RI concentrations by up to 16.8 and 11.1 times, respectively, while biochar addition had limited effects on RI generation from paddy water in in situ experiments under sunlight. Fluorescence emission-excitation matrix spectroscopy, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, and structural equation modeling revealed that upon the addition of straw and lime amendments, humified DOM substances contained lignins, proteins, and fulvic acids, which could produce more RIs under irradiation. Moreover, the amendments significantly accelerated the degradation rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol but led to the 3DOM*-mediated formation of more toxic and stable dimeric products. This study provides new insights into the effects of amendments on the photochemistry of paddy water and the pathways of abiotic degradation of organic contaminants in paddy fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Qinglong Fu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fei Peng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xinghao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Dionysios D Dionysiou
- Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0071, United States
| | - Jianbo Guo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wan D, Kong Y, Wang X, Selvinsimpson S, Sharma VK, Zuo Y, Chen Y. Effect of permanganate oxidation on the photoreactivity of dissolved organic matter for photodegradation of typical pharmaceuticals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152647. [PMID: 34968593 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Permanganate has been widely used in the remediation of contaminated water due to its relatively strong oxidation properties and ease of use. The ubiquitous dissolved organic matter (DOM) in natural waters causes a significant sink of permanganate in treatments, which further impacts the photoformation of reactive species and the removal of trace pollutants by DOM. Significantly, the effect of permanganate oxidation on the photoreactivity of DOM remains unknown. The present paper investigated for the first time the photophysical and photochemical properties variation of DOM from different sources after permanganate oxidation. Results showed that the permanganate oxidation caused a decrease in UV absorbance, fluorescence intensity, aromaticity, and molecular weight for all tested DOM samples, as well as photoformation rate of DOM triplet states (3DOM⁎), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydroxyl radical (OH) under simulated sunlight. Quantum yield of 1O2 showed positively linear correlations with both triplet quantum yield coefficient (fTMP) and E2/E3 (ratio of absorbance at 254 and 365 nm) for all the DOM samples before and after permanganate oxidation. The quantum yield of OH exhibited no significant correlation with fTMP or E2/E3. Permanganate oxidation inhibited the DOM-photosensitized indirect photodegradation of pollutants that do not absorb sunlight (e.g., decreased by 15-29%). For the tested pollutants that undergo direct photolysis under sunlight, their photodegradation was promoted (e.g., increased by 1-19%) in the permanganate oxidized DOM solutions due to the decrease of light-screening effect by DOM. These findings suggest that permanganate oxidation affects the photoreactivity of DOM and the corresponding photochemical fate of organic pollutants in natural waters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yaqian Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | | | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Yuegang Zuo
- University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747-2300, United States
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cooper WT, Chanton JC, D'Andrilli J, Hodgkins SB, Podgorski DC, Stenson AC, Tfaily MM, Wilson RM. A History of Molecular Level Analysis of Natural Organic Matter by FTICR Mass Spectrometry and The Paradigm Shift in Organic Geochemistry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:215-239. [PMID: 33368436 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural organic matter (NOM) is a complex mixture of biogenic molecules resulting from the deposition and transformation of plant and animal matter. It has long been recognized that NOM plays an important role in many geological, geochemical, and environmental processes. Of particular concern is the fate of NOM in response to a warming climate in environments that have historically sequestered carbon (e.g., peatlands and swamps) but may transition to net carbon emitters. In this review, we will highlight developments in the application of high-field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) in identifying the individual components of complex NOM mixtures, focusing primarily on the fraction that is dissolved in natural waters (dissolved organic matter or DOM). We will first provide some historical perspective on developments in FTICR technology that made molecular-level characterizations of DOM possible. A variety of applications of the technique will then be described, followed by our view of the future of high-field FTICR MS in carbon cycling research, including a particularly exciting metabolomic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William T Cooper
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Jeffrey C Chanton
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| | | | | | | | | | - Malak M Tfaily
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Rachel M Wilson
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu Y, Wang M, Yin S, Xie L, Qu X, Fu H, Shi Q, Zhou F, Xu F, Tao S, Zhu D. Comparing Photoactivities of Dissolved Organic Matter Released from Rice Straw-Pyrolyzed Biochar and Composted Rice Straw. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2803-2815. [PMID: 35089700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Here, we systematically compared the photoactivity and photobleaching behavior between dissolved black carbon (DBC) from rice straw biochar and leached dissolved organic carbon (LDOC) from rice straw compost using complementary techniques. The Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) analysis showed that DBC was dominated by polycyclic aromatic (55.1%) and tannin-like molecules (24.1%), while LDOC was dominated by lignin-like (58.9%) and tannin-like molecules (19.7%). Under simulated sunlight conditions, DBC had much higher apparent quantum yields for 3DOM* and 1O2 but much lower apparent quantum yields for •OH than LDOC. After a 168 h irradiation, the total number of LDOC formulas identified by FT-ICR MS decreased by 40.1% with concurrent increases in O/C and H/C ratios and also decreases in double bond equivalence minus oxygen (DBE - O) and average molecular weight identified by gel permeation chromatography. However, despite the large decreases in UVA254 and DOC, the total number of DBC formulas decreased only by 12.0% with nearly unchanged O/C ratio, DBE - O values, molecular weight distribution, and benzenepolycarboxylic aromatic condensation (BACon) index regardless of the decreased percentage of condensed aromatic carbon (ConAC %). Compared with LDOC, the photolysis of DBC was much less oxidative and destructive mainly via breakup of a small portion of the highly condensed aromatic rings, probably accompanied by photodecarboxylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Liu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Minli Wang
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Shujun Yin
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lekai Xie
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolei Qu
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Heyun Fu
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Quan Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fuliu Xu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dongqiang Zhu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Selak L, Osterholz H, Stanković I, Hanžek N, Udovič MG, Dittmar T, Orlić S. Adaptations of microbial communities and dissolved organics to seasonal pressures in a mesotrophic coastal Mediterranean lake. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:2282-2298. [PMID: 35106913 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In lake ecosystems, changes in eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbes and the concentration and availability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) produced within or supplied to the system by allochthonous sources are components that characterize complex processes in the microbial loop. We address seasonal changes of microbial communities and DOM in the largest Croatian lake, Vrana. This shallow lake is connected to the Adriatic Sea and is impacted by agricultural activity. Microbial community and DOM structure were driven by several environmental stressors, including drought, seawater intrusion, and heavy precipitation events. Bacterial composition of different lifestyles (free-living and particle-associated) differed and only a part of the particle-associated bacteria correlated with microbial eukaryotes. Oscillations of cyanobacterial relative abundance along with chlorophyll a revealed a high primary production season characterized by increased levels of autochthonous DOM that promoted bacterial processes of organic matter degradation. From our results, we infer that in coastal freshwater lakes dependent on precipitation-evaporation balance, prolonged dry season coupled with heavy irrigation impact microbial communities at different trophic levels even if salinity increases only slightly and allochthonous DOM inputs decrease. These pressures, if applied more frequently or at higher concentrations, could have the potential to overturn the trophic state of the lake. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Osterholz
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
| | - Igor Stanković
- Hrvatske vode, Central Water Management Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Hanžek
- Hrvatske vode, Central Water Management Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Gligora Udovič
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.,Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sandi Orlić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.,Center of Excellence for Science and Technology-Integration of Mediterranean Region (STIM), Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|