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Wang Z, Yu Q, Zhao Z, Zhang Y. Ferroheme/Ferriheme Directly Involved in the Synthesis and Decomposition of Hydrazine as an Electron Carrier during Anammox. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10140-10148. [PMID: 38781353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Anammox bacteria performed the reaction of NH4+ and NO with hydrazine synthase to produce N2H4, followed by the decomposition of N2H4 with hydrazine dehydrogenase to generate N2. Ferroheme/ferriheme, which serves as the active center of both hydrazine synthase and hydrazine dehydrogenase, is thought to play a crucial role in the synthesis and decomposition of N2H4 during Anammox due to its high redox activity. However, this has yet to be proven and the exact mechanisms by which ferroheme/ferriheme is involved in the Anammox process remain unclear. In this study, abiotic and biological assays confirmed that ferroheme participated in NH4+ and NO reactions to generate N2H4 and ferriheme, and the produced N2H4 reacted with ferriheme to generate N2 and ferroheme. In other words, the ferroheme/ferriheme cycle drove the continuous reaction between NH4+ and NO. Raman, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy confirmed that ferroheme/ferriheme is involved in the synthesis and decomposition of N2H4 via the core FeII/FeIII cycle. The mechanism of ferroheme/ferriheme participation in the synthesis and decomposition of N2H4 was proposed by density functional theory calculations. These findings revealed for the first time the heme electron transfer mechanisms, which are of great significance for deepening the understanding of Anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
| | - Yaobin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China
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Zhang S, Li C, Lv H, Cui B, Zhou D. Anammox activity improved significantly by the cross-fed NO from ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria to anammox bacteria. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120986. [PMID: 38086204 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested as an obligate intermediate in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), nitrification and denitrification. At the same time, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and denitrifying bacteria (DNB) are always existed in anammox flora, so what is the role of NO produced from AOB and DNB? Could it accelerate nitrogen removal via the anammox pathway with NO as an electron acceptor? To investigate this hypothesis, nitrogen transforming of an anammox biofilter was analyzed, functional gene expression of anammox bacteria (AnAOB), AOB and DNB were compared, and NO source was verified. For anammox biofilter, anammox contributed to 91.3 % nitrogen removal with only 14.4 % of AnAOB being enriched, while DNB was dominant. Meta-omics analysis and batch test results indicated that AOB could provide NO to AnAOB, and DNB also produced NO via up-regulating nirS/K and down-regulating nor. The activation of the anammox pathway of NH4++NO→N2 caused the downregulation of nirS and nxr in Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. Additionally, changes in nitrogen transforming pathways affected the electron generation and transport, limiting the carbon metabolism of AnAOB. This study provided new insights into improving nitrogen removal of the anammox system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Treatment and Green Development of Polluted Water in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Chunrui Li
- Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Treatment and Green Development of Polluted Water in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Han Lv
- Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Treatment and Green Development of Polluted Water in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Bin Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Treatment and Green Development of Polluted Water in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Treatment and Green Development of Polluted Water in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Yao Y, Han B, Liu B, Wang Y, Su X, Ma L, Zhang T, Niu S, Chen X, Li Z. Global variations and controlling factors of anammox rates. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:3622-3633. [PMID: 37040076 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil anammox is an environmentally friendly way to eliminate reactive nitrogen (N) without generating nitrous oxide. Nevertheless, the current earth system models have not incorporated the anammox due to the lack of parameters in anammox rates on a global scale, limiting the accurate projection for N cycling. A global synthesis with 1212 observations from 89 peer-reviewed papers showed that the average anammox rate was 1.60 ± 0.17 nmol N g-1 h-1 in terrestrial ecosystems, with significant variations across different ecosystems. Wetlands exhibited the highest rate (2.17 ± 0.31 nmol N g-1 h-1 ), followed by croplands at 1.02 ± 0.09 nmol N g-1 h-1 . The lowest anammox rates were observed in forests and grasslands. The anammox rates were positively correlated with the mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, soil moisture, organic carbon (C), total N, as well as nitrite and ammonium concentrations, but negatively with the soil C:N ratio. Structural equation models revealed that the geographical variations in anammox rates were primarily influenced by the N contents (such as nitrite and ammonium) and abundance of anammox bacteria, which collectively accounted for 42% of the observed variance. Furthermore, the abundance of anammox bacteria was well simulated by the mean annual precipitation, soil moisture, and ammonium concentrations, and 51% variance of the anammox bacteria was accounted for. The key controlling factors for soil anammox rates differed from ecosystem type, for example, organic C, total N, and ammonium contents in croplands, versus soil C:N ratio and nitrite concentrations in wetlands. The controlling factors in soil anammox rate identified by this study are useful to construct an accurate anammox module for N cycling in earth system models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingbing Han
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yini Wang
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lihua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaolei Li
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Li J, Ran X, Zhou M, Wang K, Wang H, Wang Y. Oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms of obligate anaerobes involved in biological waste treatment processes: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156454. [PMID: 35667421 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms and physiological consequences of oxidative stress is still limited for anaerobes. Anaerobic biotechnology has become widely accepted by the wastewater/sludge industry as a better alternative to more conventional but costly aerobic processes. However, the functional anaerobic microorganisms used in anaerobic biotechnology are frequently hampered by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS)-mediated oxidative stress caused by exposure to stressful factors (e.g., oxygen and heavy metals), which negatively impact treatment performance. Thus, identifying stressful factors and understanding antioxidative defense mechanisms of functional obligate anaerobes are crucial for the optimization of anaerobic bioprocesses. Herein, we present a comprehensive overview of oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms of obligate anaerobes involved in anaerobic bioprocesses; as examples, we focus on anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and methanogenic archaea. We summarize the primary stress factors in anaerobic bioprocesses and the cellular antioxidant defense systems of functional anaerobes, a consortia of enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanisms. The dual role of ROS/RNS in cellular processes is elaborated; at low concentrations, they have vital cell signaling functions, but at high concentrations, they cause oxidative damage. Finally, we highlight gaps in knowledge and future work to uncover antioxidant and damage repair mechanisms in obligate anaerobes. This review provides in-depth insights and guidance for future research on oxidative stress of obligate anaerobes to boost the accurate regulation of anaerobic bioprocesses in challenging and changing operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaochuan Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingda Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kaichong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Chen L, Zhao B, Palomo A, Sun Y, Cheng Z, Zhang M, Xia Y. Micron-scale biogeography reveals conservative intra anammox bacteria spatial co-associations. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118640. [PMID: 35661503 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Micron-scale resolution can help to reliably identify true taxon-taxon interactions in complex microbial communities. Despite widespread recognition of the critical role of metabolic interactions in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) system performance, no studies have examined microbial interactions at the micron-scale in anammox consortia. To fill this gap, we extensively sampled (totally 242 samples) the consortia of a lab-scale anammox reactor at different length scales, including bulk-scale (∼cm), macro-scale (300-500 µm) and micron-scale (70-100 µm). We firstly observed evident micron-scale heterogeneity in anammox consortia, with the relative abundance of anammox bacteria fluctuated greatly across individual clusters (2.0%-79.3%), indicating that the biotic interactions play a significant role in the assembly of anammox communities under well-controlled and well-mixed condition. Importantly, by mapping the spatial associations in anammox consortia at micron-scale, we demonstrated that the conserved co-associations for anammox bacteria were restricted to three different Brocadia species over time, and their co-associations with heterotrophs were random, implying that there was no statistically significant symbiotic interaction between anammox bacteria and other heterotrophic populations. Further metagenomic binning revealed that the quorum sensing with secondary messenger c-di-GMP potentially holding on the conservative metabolic cooperation among Brocadia species. These results shed new light on the social behavior of the anammox community. Overall, delineating of biological structures at micron-scale opens a new way of monitoring the microbial spatial structure and interactions, paving the way for improved community engineering of biotreatment systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bixi Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Alejandro Palomo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhanwen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yu Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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6
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Xiao R, Zhu W, Zheng Y, Xu S, Lu H. Active assimilators of soluble microbial products produced by wastewater anammox bacteria and their roles revealed by DNA-SIP coupled to metagenomics. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107265. [PMID: 35526296 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heterotrophic bacteria grow on influent organics or soluble microbial products (SMP) in wastewater anammox processes, playing key roles in facilitating microbial aggregation and reducing excess nitrate. The overgrowth of heterotrophs represents one of the major causes of anammox process failure, while the metabolic functions of coexisting heterotrophs and their roles in anammox process remain vague. This study aimed at revealing metabolic interactions between AnAOB and active SMP assimilators by integrating 13C DNA-stable isotope probing, metabolomic and metagenomic approaches. Glycine, aspartate, and glutamate with low biosynthetic energy cost were the major SMP components produced by AnAOB (net yield: 44.8, 10.4, 8.1 mg·g NH4+-N-1). Glycine was likely synthesized by AnAOB via the reductive glycine pathway which is oxygen-tolerant, supporting heterotrophic growth. Fermentative Chloroflexi bacterium OLB13, denitrifying Gemmatimonadaceae and Burkholderiaceae bacterium JOSHI-001 were active SMP assimilators, which were prevalent in globally distributed wastewater anammox reactors as core taxa. They likely formed a mutualistic relationship with auxotrophic Ca. Kuenenia by providing necessities such as methionine, folate, 4'-phosphopantetheine, and molybdopterin cofactor, and receiving vitamin B12 for methionine synthesis. For the first time, the identify and metabolic features of SMP assimilators in wastewater anammox communities were revealed. Supplying necessities secreted by heterotrophs could be helpful to the endeavor of AnAOB enrichment. Practically, maintaining active but not overgrown SMP assimilators is critical to efficient and stable operation of wastewater anammox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanlu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhu Zheng
- Wenzhou Institute of Eco-environmental Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaoyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, China.
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Huang H, Feng G, Wang M, Liu C, Wu Y, Dong L, Feng L, Zheng X, Chen Y. Nitric Oxide: A Neglected Driver for the Conjugative Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes among Wastewater Microbiota. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6466-6478. [PMID: 35512279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dissemination of plasmid-borne antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater is becoming an urgent concern. Previous studies mainly focused on the effects of coexisting contaminants on plasmid conjugation, but ignored the potential contribution of some byproducts inevitably released from wastewater treatment processes. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that nitric oxide (NO), an intermediate of the wastewater nitrogen cycle, can significantly boost the conjugative transfer of plasmid RP4 from Escherichia coli K12 to different recipients (E. coli HB101, Salmonella typhimurium, and wastewater microbiota). Phenotypic and genotypic tests confirmed that NO-induced promotion was not attributed to the SOS response, a well-recognized driver for horizontal gene transfer. Instead, NO exposure increased the outer membrane permeability of both the donor and recipient by inhibiting the expression of key genes involved in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis (such as waaJ), thereby lowering the membrane barrier for conjugation. On the other hand, NO exposure not only resulted in the accumulation of intracellular tryptophan but also triggered the deficiency of intracellular methionine, both of which were validated to play key roles in regulating the global regulatory genes (korA, korB, and trbA) of plasmid RP4, activating its encoding transfer apparatus (represented by trfAp and trbBp). Overall, our findings highlighted the risks of NO in spreading ARGs among wastewater microbiota and updated the regulation mechanism of plasmid conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Huang
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guanqun Feng
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Municipal Engn Design Inst Grp Co. Ltd., 901 Zhongshan North Second Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Leiyu Feng
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiong Zheng
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinguang Chen
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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Xue X, Wang D, Yi X, Li Y, Han H. Simultaneously autotrophic denitrification and organics degradation in low-strength coal gasification wastewater (LSCGW) treatment via microelectrolysis-triggered Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycle. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130460. [PMID: 33838412 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The autotrophic iron-depended denitrification (AIDD), triggered by microelectrolysis, was established in the microelectrolysis-assistant up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (MEA-UASB) with the purpose of low-strength coal gasification wastewater (LSCGW) treatment while control UASB operated in parallel. The results revealed that chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and total nitrogen (TN) removal load at optimum current (2.5 A/m3) in MEA-UASB (83.2 ± 2.6% and 0.220 ± 0.010 kg N/m3·d) were 1.42-fold and 1.57-fold higher than those (58.5 ± 2.1% and 0.139 ± 0.011 kg N/m3·d) in UASB, verifying that AIDD and following dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) process could offer the novel pathway to solve the electron donor-deficient and traditionally denitrification-infeasible problems. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing shown that iron-oxidizing denitrifiers (Thiobacillus and Acidovorax species) and iron reducing bacteria (Geothrix and Ignavibacterium speices), acted as microbial iron cycle of contributors, were specially enriched at optimum operating condition. Additionally, the activities of microbial electron transfer chain, electron transporters (complex I, II, III and cytochrome c) and abundance of genes encoding important enzymes (narG, nirK/S, norB and nosZ) were remarkably promoted, suggesting that electron transport and consumption capacities were stimulated during denitrification process. This study could shed light on better understanding about microelectrolysis-triggered AIDD for treatment of refractory LSCGW and further widen its application potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xue
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Dexin Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Xuesong Yi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
| | - Yangyang Li
- Operation Services Division of Hospital Wastewater Treatment, General Affairs Department, Sanya Central Hospital, Sanya, 520000, China.
| | - Hongjun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Okubo T, Takami H. Metabolic potential of the imperfect denitrifier Candidatus Desulfobacillus denitrificans in an anammox bioreactor. Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1227. [PMID: 34459550 PMCID: PMC8402940 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The imperfect denitrifier, Candidatus (Ca.) Desulfobacillus denitrificans, which lacks nitric oxide (NO) reductase, frequently appears in anammox bioreactors depending on the operating conditions. We used genomic and metatranscriptomic analyses to evaluate the metabolic potential of Ca. D. denitrificans and deduce its functional relationships to anammox bacteria (i.e., Ca. Brocadia pituitae). Although Ca. D. denitrificans is hypothesized to supply NO to Ca. B. pituitae as a byproduct of imperfect denitrification, this microbe also possesses hydroxylamine oxidoreductase, which catalyzes the oxidation of hydroxylamine to NO and potentially the reverse reaction. Ca. D. denitrificans can use a range of electron donors for denitrification, including aromatic compounds, glucose, sulfur compounds, and hydrogen, but metatranscriptomic analysis suggested that the major electron donors are aromatic compounds, which inhibit anammox activity. The interrelationship between Ca. D. denitirificans and Ca. B. pituitae via the metabolism of aromatic compounds may govern the population balance of both species. Ca. D. denitrificans also has the potential to fix CO2 via an irregular Calvin cycle and couple denitrification to the oxidation of hydrogen and sulfur compounds under chemolithoautotrophic conditions. This metabolic versatility, which suggests a mixotrophic lifestyle, would facilitate the growth of Ca. D. denitrificans in the anammox bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Okubo
- Marine Microbiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research InstituteThe University of TokyoKashiwaJapan
| | - Hideto Takami
- Marine Microbiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research InstituteThe University of TokyoKashiwaJapan
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Okubo T, Toyoda A, Fukuhara K, Uchiyama I, Harigaya Y, Kuroiwa M, Suzuki T, Murakami Y, Suwa Y, Takami H. The physiological potential of anammox bacteria as revealed by their core genome structure. DNA Res 2021; 28:6046978. [PMID: 33367889 PMCID: PMC7814187 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsaa028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We present here the second complete genome of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacterium, Candidatus (Ca.) Brocadia pituitae, along with those of a nitrite oxidizer and two incomplete denitrifiers from the anammox bacterial community (ABC) metagenome. Although NO2− reduction to NO is considered to be the first step in anammox, Ca. B. pituitae lacks nitrite reductase genes (nirK and nirS) responsible for this reaction. Comparative genomics of Ca. B. pituitae with Ca. Kuenenia stuttgartiensis and six other anammox bacteria with nearly complete genomes revealed that their core genome structure contains 1,152 syntenic orthologues. But nitrite reductase genes were absent from the core, whereas two other Brocadia species possess nirK and these genes were horizontally acquired from multiple lineages. In contrast, at least five paralogous hydroxylamine oxidoreductase genes containing candidate ones (hao2 and hao3) encoding another nitrite reductase were observed in the core. Indeed, these two genes were also significantly expressed in Ca. B. pituitae as in other anammox bacteria. Because many nirS and nirK genes have been detected in the ABC metagenome, Ca. B. pituitae presumably utilises not only NO supplied by the ABC members but also NO and/or NH2OH by self-production for anammox metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Okubo
- Marine Microbiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8564, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Comparative Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima 411-8540, Japan
| | - Kohei Fukuhara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chuo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8851, Japan
| | - Ikuo Uchiyama
- Laboratory of Genome Informatics, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yuhki Harigaya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chuo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8851, Japan
| | - Megumi Kuroiwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chuo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8851, Japan
| | - Takuma Suzuki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chuo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8851, Japan
| | - Yuka Murakami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chuo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8851, Japan
| | - Yuichi Suwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chuo University, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8851, Japan
| | - Hideto Takami
- Marine Microbiology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8564, Japan
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11
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Segawa T, Takeuchi N, Mori H, Rathnayake RMLD, Li Z, Akiyoshi A, Satoh H, Ishii S. Redox stratification within cryoconite granules influences the nitrogen cycle on glaciers. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 96:5912832. [PMID: 32990745 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryoconite granules are naturally occurring microbial structures on glacier surfaces worldwide. They play a key role in carbon and nitrogen cycling in glacier ecosystems and can accelerate the melting of snow and ice. However, detailed mechanism of nitrogen cycling in cryoconite granules remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that redox stratification affects the spatial distribution of N cycling processes in cryoconite granules. Based on microsensor measurements for O2, NH4+, NO2- and NO3-, we identified the presence of fine-scale redox stratification within cryoconite granules. Cyanobacteria at the surface layer of the granules created oxic conditions, whereas the inner core of the granules was anoxic. Metatranscriptomic analyses indicated the active occurrences of nitrification in the inner core, whereas denitrification actively occurred both in the inner core and the surface layer of the granules. Cyanobacteria in the inner core of the granules were inactive, and likely dead and being degraded, providing carbon and nitrogen to support nitrifiers and denitrifiers. Quantities of nitrification genes/transcripts were greater in large cryoconite granules than small ones, most likely because nitrogen substrates were more abundantly present in the inner core of large granules due to distinct redox stratification. Our results suggest that the development of a granular structure of cryoconite granules can largely affect carbon and nitrogen cycling on glaciers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Segawa
- Center for Life Science Research, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Nozomu Takeuchi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mori
- Department of Informatics, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Rathnayake M L D Rathnayake
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Zhongqin Li
- Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and National Resources/Tianshan Glaciological Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ayumi Akiyoshi
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3 Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ishii
- Department of Soil, Water and Climate, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.,BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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12
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Nakajima M, Hirano R, Okabe S, Satoh H. Simple assay for colorimetric quantification of unamplified bacterial 16S rRNA in activated sludge using gold nanoprobes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128331. [PMID: 33297260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Domestic and industrial wastewater treatment systems are vital in the protection of natural ecosystems and human health. Identification of microbial communities in the systems is essential to stable treatment performance. However, the current tools of microbial community analysis are labor intensive and time consuming, and require expensive equipment. Therefore, we developed a simple assay for colorimetric quantification of bacterial 16S rRNA extracted from environmental samples. The assay is based on RNA extraction with commercial kits, mixing the unamplified RNA sample with Au-nanoprobes and NaCl, and analyzing the absorbance spectra. Our experimental results confirmed that the assay format was valid. By analyzing the synthesized DNA, we optimized the operational parameters affecting the assay. We achieved adequate capture DNA density by setting the capture DNA probe concentration at 10 μM during the functionalization step. The required incubation time after NaCl addition was 30 min. The binding site of the target had negligible effect on DNA detection. Under the optimized condition, a calibration curve was created using 16S rRNA extracted from activated sludge. The curve was linear above 5.0 × 107 copies/μL of bacterial 16S rRNA concentration, and the limit of detection was 1.17 × 108 copies/μL. Using the calibration curve, the bacterial 16S rRNA concentration in activated sludge samples could be quantified with deviations between 48% and 208% against those determined by RT-qPCR. The findings of our study introduce an innovative tool for the quantification of 16S rRNA concentration as the activity of key bacteria in wastewater treatment processes, achieving stable treatment performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Nakajima
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Reiko Hirano
- Cellspect Co., Ltd., 1-10-82 Kitaiioka, Morioka, Iwate, 020-0857, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Satoh
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, North-13, West-8, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
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13
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Chen H, Liu T, Li J, Mao L, Ye J, Han X, Jetten MSM, Guo J. Larger Anammox Granules not only Harbor Higher Species Diversity but also Support More Functional Diversity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14664-14673. [PMID: 33121242 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Granule-based partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A) represents one of the most energy-efficient biotechniques for ammonium removal from wastewater. The PN/A granules appear in a continuum of sizes, yet little is known about the extent to which microbial communities and microbial metabolisms are partitioned between size-fractionated granules. Here, we divided granules harvested from a pilot-scale PN/A reactor into five discrete size fractions (<0.2, 0.2-0.5, 0.5-0.8, 0.8-1.0, and >1.0 mm). The composition and functional attribute of five pools of the size-fractionated granules were characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon and metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing to provide a comprehensive insight into the key microbial group in a PN/A system. Larger granules were shown to not only harbor higher microbial diversity but also support more diverse functions than smaller granules. De novo coassembly and binning of metagenomic reads yielded 22 draft genomes of dominant microorganisms, which allowed us to infer an ecological model of the microbial ecosystem in anammox-based granules. This genome-based ecological model indicates that nitrifying organisms in smaller granules feed nitrite to anammox bacteria in larger granules. The results improve our understanding of the PN/A system, especially for the metabolic interactions between small and large granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jie Li
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Likai Mao
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Ye
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Microbiology, IWWR, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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14
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Brienza M, Manasfi R, Sauvêtre A, Chiron S. Nitric oxide reactivity accounts for N-nitroso-ciprofloxacin formation under nitrate-reducing conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 185:116293. [PMID: 32818734 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The formation of N-nitroso-ciprofloxacin (CIP) was investigated both in wastewater treatment plants including nitrification/denitrification stages and in sludge slurry experiments under denitrifying conditions. The analysis of biological wastewater treatment plant effluents by Kendrick mass defect analysis and liquid chromatography - high resolution - mass spectrometry (LCHRMS) revealed the occurrence of N-nitroso-CIP and N-nitroso-hydrochlorothiazide at concentration levels of 34 ± 3 ng/L and 71 ± 6 ng/L, respectively. In laboratory experiments and dark conditions, produced N-nitroso-CIP concentrations reached a plateau during the course of biodegradation experiments. A mass balance was achieved after identification and quantification of several transformation products by LCHRMS. N-nitroso-CIP accounted for 14.3% of the initial CIP concentration (20 µg/L) and accumulated against time. The use of 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate and superoxide dismutase as scavengers for in situ production of nitric oxide and superoxide radical anion respectively, revealed that the mechanisms of formation of N-nitroso-CIP likely involved a nitrosation pathway through the formation of peroxynitrite and another one through codenitrification processes, even though the former one appeared to be prevalent. This work extended the possible sources of N-nitrosamines by including a formation pathway relying on nitric oxide reactivity with secondary amines under activated sludge treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Brienza
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Montpellier University, IRD, 15 Ave Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Rayana Manasfi
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Montpellier University, IRD, 15 Ave Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Andrés Sauvêtre
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Montpellier University, IRD, 15 Ave Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Serge Chiron
- UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Montpellier University, IRD, 15 Ave Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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15
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Yang Q, Cui B, Zhou Y, Li J, Liu Z, Liu X. Impact of gas-water ratios on N 2O emissions in biological aerated filters and analysis of N 2O emissions pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137984. [PMID: 32213406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biological aerated filter (BAF) is a widely applied biofilm process for wastewater treatment. However, characteristics of nitrous oxide (N2O) production in BAF are rarely reported. In this study, two tandem BAFs treating domestic wastewater were built up, and different gas-water ratios were controlled to explore N2O production pathway. Results showed that N2O production increased with increasing gas-water ratio in both BAFs; higher gas-water ratio promoted more N2O releasing from hydroxylamine oxidation process. To improve nitrogen removal performance and reduce N2O emission, the optimal gas-water ratios for BAF1 and BAF2 were 5:1 and 1.5:1, respectively. Most of N2O was produced from ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) denitrification and hydroxylamine oxidation in BAF1, and heterotrophic denitrification contributed to relieve N2O emission. In BAF2, N2O was emitted from AOB denitrification and hydroxylamine oxidation by 87.8% and 12.2%, respectively. Heterotrophic denitrification is a N2O sink in BAF, causing BAF1 produced less N2O than BAF2 with the same gas-water ratio. Enhancing heterotrophic denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) activity could reduce the release of N2O in BAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Bin Cui
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Beijing Drainage Group Water Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing 100022, PR China
| | - Jianmin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xiuhong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
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16
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Tian T, Zhou K, Xuan L, Zhang JX, Li YS, Liu DF, Yu HQ. Exclusive microbially driven autotrophic iron-dependent denitrification in a reactor inoculated with activated sludge. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115300. [PMID: 31756614 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Autotrophic iron-dependent denitrification (AIDD) is arising as a promising process for nitrogen removal from wastewater with a low carbon to nitrogen ratio. However, there is still a debate about the existence of such a process in activated sludge systems. This work provides evidence and elucidated the feasibility of autotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing nitrate-reducing culture for nitrogen removal by long-term reactor operation, batch experimental verification, unstructured kinetic modeling and microbial community analyses. A relatively stable nitrate removal rate was achieved coupled with the oxidation of ferrous ions in 3-month operation of reactor. The kinetic modeling suggests that the iron oxidation was a growth-associated process in AIDD. Utilization of extracellular polymeric substances (and/or soluble microbial products) as electron donor for denitrification by heterotrophic denitrifiers was not mainly responsible for nitrogen removal in the reactor. After long-term operation of the reactor with activated sludge as inoculum, the enrichment culture KS-like consortium, dominated by Fe(II) oxidizer, Gallionellaceae, was successfully acclimated for autotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing nitrate reduction. This work extents our understanding about the existence of such an autotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizing nitrate-reducing culture in both natural and engineered systems, and opens a door for its potential application in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Liang Xuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; School of Environmental Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jing-Xiao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dong-Feng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China; School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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17
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Akram M, Reimann J, Dietl A, Menzel A, Versantvoort W, Kartal B, Jetten MSM, Barends TRM. A nitric oxide-binding heterodimeric cytochrome c complex from the anammox bacterium Kuenenia stuttgartiensis binds to hydrazine synthase. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:16712-16728. [PMID: 31548310 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a microbial process responsible for significant nitrogen loss from the oceans and other ecosystems. The redox reactions at the heart of anammox are catalyzed by large multiheme enzyme complexes that rely on small cytochrome c proteins for electron shuttling. Among the most highly abundant of these cytochromes is a unique heterodimeric complex composed of class I and class II c-type cytochromes called NaxLS, which has distinctive biochemical and spectroscopic properties. Here, we present the 1.7 Å resolution crystal structure of this complex from the anammox organism Kuenenia stuttgartiensis (KsNaxLS). The structure reveals that the heme irons in each subunit exhibit a rare His/Cys ligation, which, as we show by substitution, causes the observed unusual spectral properties. Unlike its individual subunits, the KsNaxLS complex binds nitric oxide (NO) only at the distal heme side, forming 6cNO adducts. This is likely due to steric immobilization of the proximal heme-binding motifs upon complex formation, a finding that may be of functional relevance, because NO is an intermediate in the central anammox metabolism. Pulldown experiments with K. stuttgartiensis cell-free extract showed that the KsNaxLS complex binds specifically to one of the central anammox enzyme complexes, hydrazine synthase, which uses NO as one of its substrates. It is therefore possible that the KsNaxLS complex plays a role in binding the volatile NO to retain it in the cell for transfer to hydrazine synthase. Alternatively, we propose that KsNaxLS may shuttle electrons to this enzyme complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Akram
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Joachim Reimann
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Dietl
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Andreas Menzel
- Coherent X-ray Scattering Group, Paul Scherrer Institute, WLGA/223, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Wouter Versantvoort
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Boran Kartal
- Microbial Physiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mike S M Jetten
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas R M Barends
- Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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