1
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DiDonato N, Rivas-Ubach A, Kew W, Sokol NW, Clendinen CS, Kyle JE, Martínez CE, Foley MM, Tolić N, Pett-Ridge J, Paša-Tolić L. Improved Characterization of Soil Organic Matter by Integrating FT-ICR MS, Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry, and Molecular Networking: A Case Study of Root Litter Decay under Drought Conditions. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11699-11706. [PMID: 38991201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Understanding of how soil organic matter (SOM) chemistry is altered in a changing climate has advanced considerably; however, most SOM components remain unidentified, impeding the ability to characterize a major fraction of organic matter and predict what types of molecules, and from which sources, will persist in soil. We present a novel approach to better characterize SOM extracts by integrating information from three types of analyses, and we deploy this method to characterize decaying root-detritus soil microcosms subjected to either drought or normal conditions. To observe broad differences in composition, we employed direct infusion Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (DI-FT-ICR MS). We complemented this with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify components by library matching. Since libraries contain only a small fraction of SOM components, we also used fragment spectral cosine similarity scores to relate unknowns and library matches through molecular networks. This integrated approach allowed us to corroborate DI-FT-ICR MS molecular formulas using library matches, which included fungal metabolites and related polyphenolic compounds. We also inferred structures of unknowns from molecular networks and improved LC-MS/MS annotation rates from ∼5 to 35% by considering DI-FT-ICR MS molecular formula assignments. Under drought conditions, we found greater relative amounts of lignin-like vs condensed aromatic polyphenol formulas and lower average nominal oxidation state of carbon, suggesting reduced decomposition of SOM and/or microbes under stress. Our integrated approach provides a framework for enhanced annotation of SOM components that is more comprehensive than performing individual data analyses in parallel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole DiDonato
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Albert Rivas-Ubach
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - William Kew
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Noah W Sokol
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Chaevien S Clendinen
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Megan M Foley
- Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, United States
| | - Nikola Tolić
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jennifer Pett-Ridge
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Ljiljana Paša-Tolić
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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2
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Patrone J, Vila-Costa M, Dachs J, Papazian S, Gago-Ferrero P, Gil-Solsona R. Enhancing Molecular Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter by Integrative Direct Infusion and Liquid Chromatography Nontargeted Workflows. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12454-12466. [PMID: 38958378 PMCID: PMC11256763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic systems is a highly heterogeneous mixture of water-soluble organic compounds, acting as a major carbon reservoir driving biogeochemical cycles. Understanding DOM molecular composition is thus of vital interest for the health assessment of aquatic ecosystems, yet its characterization poses challenges due to its complex and dynamic chemical profile. Here, we performed a comprehensive chemical analysis of DOM from highly urbanized river and seawater sources and compared it to drinking water. Extensive analyses by nontargeted direct infusion (DI) and liquid chromatography (LC) high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) through Orbitrap were integrated with novel computational workflows to allow molecular- and structural-level characterization of DOM. Across all water samples, over 7000 molecular formulas were calculated using both methods (∼4200 in DI and ∼3600 in LC). While the DI approach was limited to molecular formula calculation, the downstream data processing of MS2 spectral information combining library matching and in silico predictions enabled a comprehensive structural-level characterization of 16% of the molecular space detected by LC-HRMS across all water samples. Both analytical methods proved complementary, covering a broad chemical space that includes more highly polar compounds with DI and more less polar ones with LC. The innovative integration of diverse analytical techniques and computational workflow introduces a robust and largely available framework in the field, providing a widely applicable approach that significantly contributes to understanding the complex molecular composition of DOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Patrone
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of
Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council
of Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Maria Vila-Costa
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of
Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council
of Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Jordi Dachs
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of
Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council
of Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Stefano Papazian
- Department
of Environmental Science (ACES, Exposure & Effects), Science for
Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
- National
Facility for Exposomics, Metabolomics Platform, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Solna 171 65, Sweden
| | - Pablo Gago-Ferrero
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of
Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council
of Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Rubén Gil-Solsona
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of
Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Spanish Council
of Scientific Research (CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
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3
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Qiu J, Lü F, Li X, Zhang H, Xu B, He PJ. Regular Tetrahedron Model for the Assessment of High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data of Four-Way Fractionated Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11685-11694. [PMID: 38905014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
A regular tetrahedron model was established to pierce the fractionation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) among quaternary components by using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The model can stereoscopically visualize molecular formulas of DOM to show the preference to each component according to the position in a regular tetrahedron. A classification method was subsequently developed to divide molecular formulas into 15 categories related to fractionation ratios, the relative change of which was demonstrated to be convergent with the uncertainty of mass peak area. The practicality of the regular tetrahedron model was verified by seven kinds of sludge from waste leachate treatment and sewage wastewater treatment plants by using stratification of extracellular polymeric substances coupled with Orbitrap MS as an example, presenting the DOM chemodiversity in stratified sludge flocs. Sensitivity analysis proved that classification results were relatively stable with the perturbation of four model parameters. Multinomial logistic regression analysis could further help identify the effect of molecular properties on the fractionation of DOM based on the classification results of the regular tetrahedron model. This model offers a methodology for the assessment of specificity of sequential extraction on DOM from solid or semisolid components and simplifies the complex mathematical expression of fractionation coefficients for quaternary components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Qiu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Bin Xu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Pin-Jing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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4
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Ross DH, Bhotika H, Zheng X, Smith RD, Burnum-Johnson KE, Bilbao A. Computational tools and algorithms for ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2200436. [PMID: 38438732 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS or IM-MS) is a powerful analytical technique that combines the gas-phase separation capabilities of IM with the identification and quantification capabilities of MS. IM-MS can differentiate molecules with indistinguishable masses but different structures (e.g., isomers, isobars, molecular classes, and contaminant ions). The importance of this analytical technique is reflected by a staged increase in the number of applications for molecular characterization across a variety of fields, from different MS-based omics (proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, etc.) to the structural characterization of glycans, organic matter, proteins, and macromolecular complexes. With the increasing application of IM-MS there is a pressing need for effective and accessible computational tools. This article presents an overview of the most recent free and open-source software tools specifically tailored for the analysis and interpretation of data derived from IM-MS instrumentation. This review enumerates these tools and outlines their main algorithmic approaches, while highlighting representative applications across different fields. Finally, a discussion of current limitations and expectable improvements is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan H Ross
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Harsh Bhotika
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Xueyun Zheng
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Kristin E Burnum-Johnson
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Aivett Bilbao
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
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5
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Li Z, Wu Z, Bo S, Chi J, Cui X, He W, Cui X, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Tong Y. Role of low-proportion, hydrophobic dissolved organic matter components in inhibiting methylmercury uptake by phytoplankton. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142104. [PMID: 38653399 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Uptake of methylmercury (MeHg), a potent neurotoxin, by phytoplankton is a major concern due to its role as the primary pathway for MeHg entry into aquatic food webs, thereby posing a significant risk to human health. While it is widely believed that the MeHg uptake by plankton is negatively correlated with the concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water, ongoing debates continue regarding the specific components of DOM that exerts the dominant influence on this process. In this study, we employed a widely-used resin fractionation approach to separate and classify DOM derived from algae (AOM) and natural rivers (NOM) into distinct components: strongly hydrophobic, weakly hydrophobic, and hydrophilic fractions. We conduct a comparative analysis of different DOM components using a combination of spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques, aiming to identify their impact on MeHg uptake by Microcystis elabens, a prevalent alga in freshwater environments. We found that the hydrophobic components had exhibited more pronounced spectral characteristics associated with the protein structures while protein-like compounds between hydrophobic and hydrophilic components displayed significant variations in both distributions and the values of m/z (mass-to-charge ratio) of the molecules. Regardless of DOM sources, the low-proportion hydrophobic components usually dominated inhibition of MeHg uptake by Microcystis elabens. Results inferred from the correlation analysis suggest that the uptake of MeHg by the phytoplankton was most strongly and negatively correlated with the presence of protein-like components. Our findings underscore the importance of considering the diverse impacts of different DOM fractions on inhibition of phytoplankton MeHg uptake. This information should be considered in future assessments and modeling endeavors aimed at understanding and predicting risks associated with aquatic Hg contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhike Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; School of Resources and Environment, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Zhengyu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shao Bo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jie Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaomei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Eco-Environmental Protection of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (Ministry of Education), School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Eco-Environmental Protection of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (Ministry of Education), School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China.
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6
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Yu J, Huo R, Liu W, Wen X. Chemodiversity transformation of organic matters in a full scale MBR-NF wastewater reclamation plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166246. [PMID: 37582448 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor (MBR) and nanofiltration (NF) process has been attractive in wastewater reclamation, and was set as the target process in this study. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trace organic contaminants (TrOCs), closely associated with water safety, are noteworthy pollutants. Though the general DOM characteristics and TrOCs removal in MBR-NF reclamation process have been reported in lab-/pilot-scale experiment, the molecular characteristics of DOM revealed by high resolution mass spectrometry, and the correlation between DOM and TrOCs have been rarely studied in full-scale MBR-NF wastewater reclamation plant. In this work, biological and NF processes contributed significantly to the removal of DOM and TrOCs, while MBR filtration contributed slightly. Spectroscopic analyses revealed that DOM with higher aromaticity and lower molecular weight were more recalcitrant along the treatment. Aromatic protein-like substances were preferentially removed comparing to humic-like substances. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry was applied to investigate DOM transformation at molecular level. DOM molecules with higher H/C and lower O/C, especially the aliphatics and peptides, were readily biodegraded into higher‑oxygenate, highly unsaturated, and aromatic compounds. The generated species mainly included condensed aromatics, polyphenols, and highly unsaturated compounds. Filtration in MBR tended to reject higher oxygenated molecules. NF effectively removed most of the DOM molecules, especially higher oxygenated molecules with low H, N and S. The residual TrOCs in the NF effluent, including sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin, and bisphenol A, still displayed above medium environmental risk. Significant correlations were found among organic compounds, spectral indices, and peptides molecules. Positive correlation between most of the TrOCs and several DOM parameters implied that they were synchronously removed in biological and membrane filtration processes. SUVA and FI might be potential indexes in monitoring the performance of MBR-NF process in both DOM and TrOC removal. These findings would expand the understanding of DOM and TrOCs behavior in wastewater reclamation process and simplify an in-depth system monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Yu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ran Huo
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xianghua Wen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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7
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Stincone P, Pakkir Shah AK, Schmid R, Graves LG, Lambidis SP, Torres RR, Xia SN, Minda V, Aron AT, Wang M, Hughes CC, Petras D. Evaluation of Data-Dependent MS/MS Acquisition Parameters for Non-Targeted Metabolomics and Molecular Networking of Environmental Samples: Focus on the Q Exactive Platform. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12673-12682. [PMID: 37578818 PMCID: PMC10469366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a widely used tool for metabolomics analysis, enabling the detection and annotation of small molecules in complex environmental samples. Data-dependent acquisition (DDA) of product ion spectra is thereby currently one of the most frequently applied data acquisition strategies. The optimization of DDA parameters is central to ensuring high spectral quality, coverage, and number of compound annotations. Here, we evaluated the influence of 10 central DDA settings of the Q Exactive mass spectrometer on natural organic matter samples from ocean, river, and soil environments. After data analysis with classical and feature-based molecular networking using MZmine and GNPS, we compared the total number of network nodes, multivariate clustering, and spectrum quality-related metrics such as annotation and singleton rates, MS/MS placement, and coverage. Our results show that automatic gain control, microscans, mass resolving power, and dynamic exclusion are the most critical parameters, whereas collision energy, TopN, and isolation width had moderate and apex trigger, monoisotopic selection, and isotopic exclusion minor effects. The insights into the data acquisition ergonomics of the Q Exactive platform presented here can guide new users and provide them with initial method parameters, some of which may also be transferable to other sample types and MS platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Stincone
- Cluster
of Excellence-Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Abzer K. Pakkir Shah
- Cluster
of Excellence-Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Robin Schmid
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lana G. Graves
- Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Environmental Systems Analysis, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin 12587, Germany
| | - Stilianos P. Lambidis
- Cluster
of Excellence-Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Ralph R. Torres
- University
of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shu-Ning Xia
- Cluster
of Excellence-Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Vidit Minda
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Missouri−Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Allegra T. Aron
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - Mingxun Wang
- Department
of Computer Science, University of California
Riverside, Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Chambers C. Hughes
- Cluster
of Excellence-Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Department
of Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute for Microbiology
and Infection Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- German
Center for Infection Research, Partner Site
Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Daniel Petras
- Cluster
of Excellence-Controlling Microbes to Fight Infection, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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8
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Li Z, Wu Z, Shao B, Tanentzap AJ, Chi J, He W, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhao Y, Tong Y. Biodegradability of algal-derived dissolved organic matter and its influence on methylmercury uptake by phytoplankton. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120175. [PMID: 37301000 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) uptake by phytoplankton represents a key step in determining the exposure risks of aquatic organisms and human beings to this potent neurotoxin. Phytoplankton uptake is believed to be negatively related to dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentration in water. However, microorganisms can rapidly change DOM concentration and composition and subsequent impact on MeHg uptake by phytoplankton has rarely been tested. Here, we explored the influences of microbial degradation on the concentrations and molecular compositions of DOM derived from three common algal sources and tested their subsequent impacts on MeHg uptake by the widespread phytoplankton species Microcystis elabens. Our results indicated that dissolved organic carbon was degraded by 64.3‒74.1% within 28 days of incubating water with microbial consortia from a natural meso‑eutrophic river. Protein-like components in DOM were more readily degraded, while the numbers of molecular formula for peptides-like compounds had increased after 28 days' incubation, probably due to the production and release of bacterial metabolites. Microbial degradation made DOM more humic-like which was consistent with the positive correlations between changes in proportions of Peaks A and C and bacterial abundance in bacterial community structures as illustrated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Despite rapid losses of the bulk DOM during the incubation, we found that DOM degraded after 28 days still reduced the MeHg uptake by Microcystis elabens by 32.7‒52.7% relative to a control without microbial decomposers. Our findings emphasize that microbial degradation of DOM would not necessarily enhance the MeHg uptakes by phytoplankton and may become more powerful in inhibiting MeHg uptakes by phytoplankton. The potential roles of microbes in degrading DOM and changing the uptakes of MeHg at the base of food webs should now be incorporated into future risk assessments of aquatic Hg cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhike Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhengyu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bo Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Andrew J Tanentzap
- Ecosystems and Global Change Group, School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Jie Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China.
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9
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Acter T, Lee S, Uddin N, Mow KM, Kim S. Characterization of petroleum‐related natural organic matter by ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health Science Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Kamarum Monira Mow
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Green‐Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
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10
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Li Z, Chi J, Shao B, Wu Z, He W, Liu Y, Sun P, Lin H, Wang X, Zhao Y, Chen L, Tong Y. Inhibition of methylmercury uptake by freshwater phytoplankton in presence of algae-derived organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120111. [PMID: 36075338 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the first step of methylmercury (MeHg) entry into the aquatic food webs, MeHg uptake by phytoplankton is crucial in determining the final human MeHg exposure risks. MeHg availability to plankton is regulated by dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water, while the extent of the impacts can vary largely based on the sources of DOM. Here, we investigated impacts of DOM sources on MeHg bioconcentration by three freshwater phytoplankton species (i.e. S. quadricauda, Chlorella sp., Microcystis elabens) in the laboratory system. We found that algae-derived DOM would prohibited the cellular MeHg bioconcentration by a percent up to 77-93%, while the soil-derived DOM didn't show similar inhibition effects. DOM characterization by the excitation‒emission matrices, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, ultra‒high performance liquid chromatography‒tandem quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry shown that the molecular size of S-containing compound, rather than thiol concentration, has played a crucial role in regulating the MeHg uptake by phytoplankton. Climate change and increasing nutrient loadings from human activities may affect plankton growth in the freshwater, ultimately changing the DOM compositions. Impacts of these changes on cellular MeHg uptakes by phytoplankton should be emphasized when exploring the aquatic Hg cycling and evaluating their risks to human beings and wild life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhike Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jie Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bo Shao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhengyu Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Huiming Lin
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Long Chen
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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11
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Qiu J, Lü F, Li T, Zhang H, He P. A Novel 4-Set Venn Diagram Model Based on High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry To Monitor Wastewater Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:14753-14762. [PMID: 36166304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A 4-set Venn diagram model oriented to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data was developed to decipher the fate of dissolved organic matters (DOM) in three-stage continuous wastewater treatment processes. In total, 24 typical wastewater treatment modes conceptualized into a combination of three stages were generalized so that this model can be applied to all common types of actual wastewater treatment processes. As a result, eight kinds of native DOM and seven kinds of wastewater-produced (WW-produced) DOM separately represented by each proper subset of the 4-set Venn diagram could be identified so as to offer a molecular profile of DOM transformation. The 15 proper subsets of the 4-set Venn diagram could then explain how different wastewater treatment units work. Transformation rates of each DOM molecular formula can be estimated as a semiquantitative result. We further discussed the relationship between the transformation rates and proper subsets. As a proof of concept, the 4-set Venn diagram model was successfully applied in a complicated full-scale mature leachate treatment process with nine treatment units. This model can help to overcome the challenging task of data mining when applying HRMS and reduce the workload of data screening in the subsequent structural annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Qiu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tianqi Li
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Multi-source Solid Wastes Co-processing and Energy Utilization, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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12
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Lv J, Huang Z, Luo L, Zhang S, Wang Y. Advances in Molecular and Microscale Characterization of Soil Organic Matter: Current Limitations and Future Prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:12793-12810. [PMID: 36037253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil organic matter (SOM) comprises a continuum of organic materials from granular organic debris to small organic molecules and contains more organic carbon than global vegetation and the atmosphere combined. It has remarkable effects on soil ecological functions and the global carbon cycle as well as the fate of pollutants in the terrestrial ecosystem. Therefore, characterization of SOM is an important topic in soil science, ecology, and environmental science. Chemical complexity and spatial heterogeneity are by far the two biggest challenges to our understanding of SOM. Recent developments in analytical techniques and methods provide the opportunity to reveal SOM composition at the molecular level and to observe its distribution in soils at micro- and nanoscales, which have greatly improved our understanding of SOM. This paper reviews the outstanding advances in SOM characterization regarding these two issues from target and nontarget analyses comprising molecular marker analysis, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, and in situ microscopic imaging techniques such as synchrotron-based spectromicroscopy, nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry, and emerging electron and optical microscopic imaging techniques. However, current techniques and methods remain far from unlocking the unknown properties of SOM. We systematically point out the limitations of the current technologies and outline the future prospects for comprehensive characterization of SOM at the molecular level and micro- and nanoscales, paying particular attention to issues of environmental concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zaoquan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Contaminated Site Environmental Management and Remediation, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510045, China
| | - Lei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Simon C, Dührkop K, Petras D, Roth VN, Böcker S, Dorrestein PC, Gleixner G. Mass Difference Matching Unfolds Hidden Molecular Structures of Dissolved Organic Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11027-11040. [PMID: 35834352 PMCID: PMC9352317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) has revealed unprecedented details of natural complex mixtures such as dissolved organic matter (DOM) on a molecular formula level, but we lack approaches to access the underlying structural complexity. We here explore the hypothesis that every DOM precursor ion is potentially linked with all emerging product ions in FTMS2 experiments. The resulting mass difference (Δm) matrix is deconvoluted to isolate individual precursor ion Δm profiles and matched with structural information, which was derived from 42 Δm features from 14 in-house reference compounds and a global set of 11 477 Δm features with assigned structure specificities, using a dataset of ∼18 000 unique structures. We show that Δm matching is highly sensitive in predicting potential precursor ion identities in terms of molecular and structural composition. Additionally, the approach identified unresolved precursor ions and missing elements in molecular formula annotation (P, Cl, F). Our study provides first results on how Δm matching refines structural annotations in van Krevelen space but simultaneously demonstrates the wide overlap between potential structural classes. We show that this effect is likely driven by chemodiversity and offers an explanation for the observed ubiquitous presence of molecules in the center of the van Krevelen space. Our promising first results suggest that Δm matching can both unfold the structural information encrypted in DOM and assess the quality of FTMS-derived molecular formulas of complex mixtures in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Simon
- Molecular
Biogeochemistry, Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kai Dührkop
- Chair
for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Petras
- Collaborative
Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0657, La Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States of America
- CMFI
Cluster of Excellence, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and
Medicine, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 24, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa-Nina Roth
- Molecular
Biogeochemistry, Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Böcker
- Chair
for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Collaborative
Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California
San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0657, La Jolla, California 92093-0657, United States of America
| | - Gerd Gleixner
- Molecular
Biogeochemistry, Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany
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14
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Wen SS, Zhou HS, Zhu CS, Li P, Gao W. Direct infusion electrospray ionization-ion mobility-mass spectrometry for rapid metabolite marker discovery of medicinal Phellodendron Bark. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114939. [PMID: 35908412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ion-mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) currently serves as a powerful tool for the structural identification of numerous biological compounds and small molecules. In this work, rapid metabolomic analysis of closely-related herbal medicines by direct injection ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DI-IM-QTOF MS) was established. Phellodendron chinense Bark (PC) and Phellodendron amurense Bark (PA) were studied as a case. Thirty-three batches of PC and twenty-two batches of PA have been directly injected in electrospray ionization-IM-QTOF MS in positive mode. Without chromatographic separation, each run was completed within 3 min. After data alignment and statistical analysis, a total of seven chemical markers were found (p-value < 0.05, VIP > 1.00). Among them, the ion m/z 342.17 and m/z 356.18 present a single peak in the drift spectrum, respectively, but their drift time has a certain deviation compared with the pure substance of known compounds. In addition, the MS/MS spectra also confirmed that the single peak includes two chemical isomers. To investigate the composition ratio of individual isomers, the calibration curves of relative drift time (rDT) based on the standard superposition method were established, which were found to fit the least square regression. The ion [M]+m/z 342.17 was recognized consisting of magnoflorine (MAG) and phellodendrine (PHE), and their composition ratio in PA and PC samples was calculated. The results were compared with those obtained by the HPLC quantitative method, which produced equivalent quantification results. Our DI-IM-QTOF MS methodology provides an additional methodology for the relative quantification of unresolved isomers in drift tube IM-MS and offers DI-IM-QTOF MS based metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong-Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chuan-Sheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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15
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Liao K, Hu H, Wang J, Wu B, Ren H. Novel insight into dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) transformation along wastewater treatment processes with special emphasis on endogenous-source DON. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112713. [PMID: 35016867 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of endogenous-source dissolved organic nitrogen (esDON) produced in wastewater treatment processes is critical for evaluating its potential impacts on receiving waters because esDON is a recognized concern, as it causes eutrophication. However, differentiating esDON from influent residual DON in real wastewater is always a challenge. Here, we deciphered esDON information in DON transformation processes along a full-scale wastewater treatment train by combining multiple chemometric tools with ion-mobility separation quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IMS-QTOF MS) analyses. In total, DON became more refractory and compact with shorter carbon chains and fewer nitrogen atoms, and esDON composed a nonnegligible fraction that dominated DON transformation and characteristics. New esDON produced in treatment processes constituted a crucial part (>35.5%) of wastewater DON, and its contributions to wastewater DON are augmented along the train. Evidence of molecular conformations further confirmed dominant roles of esDON in DON characteristics. Moreover, esDON participated in 46.7% of core biochemical reaction networks, explaining the importance of esDON in DON transformation. Our study offers a tool to gain esDON characteristics and transformation mechanisms, and highlights the importance to control esDON for alleviating adverse influences from DON in receiving waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
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16
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He D, Li P, He C, Wang Y, Shi Q. Eutrophication and watershed characteristics shape changes in dissolved organic matter chemistry along two river-estuarine transects. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 214:118196. [PMID: 35217493 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a crucial role in the coastal carbon cycle. However, eutrophication-induced algal blooms and lateral transport from connected tidal marshes may significantly affect DOM cycling, which remains poorly understood. By combining a suite of bulk and optical techniques, and the Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we determined DOM concentration and composition along two typical river-estuary transects (namely Liao and Daliao rivers), Northeast China, with contrasting eutrophic state and distribution of tidal marshes. The Daliao River is characterized by a higher eutrophication degree and is surrounded with lower reed coverage than the Liao River. Compared to the Liao River, significantly higher dissolved organic carbon concentrations were observed in the Daliao River, where higher stable carbon isotope (δ13C) values and protein-like fluorescent components, characterized relatively higher autochthonous DOM. Further molecular analysis revealed higher peptide and sugar-like compounds but lower isomeric percentages of several molecular formulas in the Daliao River, suggesting higher molecular lability but lower isomeric complexity than the Liao River. Associations between optical and molecular signatures among all DOM samples revealed that a red-shifted humic-like C3 component was significantly correlated with molecular formulas with lower molecular weight and aromaticity, and higher H/C, indicating that C3 was likely a result of phytoplankton production coupled with further heterotrophic processing. Moreover, we found that reed marshes could introduce to both rivers a series of carboxylic-rich alicyclic compounds, highly unsaturated compounds, and polyphenols with high molecular weight and low H/C. This study suggests that eutrophication and reed marsh affect the DOM quality and can be a potential source of recalcitrant DOM compounds to coastal rivers and estuaries, which warrants further investigations considering the increasing worldwide eutrophication and sea-level rise in coastal delta environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding He
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University & Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
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17
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Kim S, Kim D, Jung MJ, Kim S. Analysis of environmental organic matters by Ultrahigh-Resolution mass spectrometry-A review on the development of analytical methods. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:352-369. [PMID: 33491249 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing environmental and climate changes globally, there is an increasing interest in the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures, that is, the pursuit of complete and detailed knowledge of the chemical compositions and related chemical reactions. Environmental organic molecule mixtures, including those in air, soil, rivers, and oceans, have extremely complex and heterogeneous chemical compositions. For their analyses, ultrahigh-resolution and sub-ppb level mass accuracy, achievable using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), are important. FT-ICR MS has been successfully used to analyze complex environmental organic molecule mixtures such as natural, soil, particulate, and dissolved organic matter. Despite its success, many limitations still need to be overcome. Sample preparation, ionization, structural identification, chromatographic separation, and data interpretation are some key areas that have been the focus of numerous studies. This review describes key developments in analytical techniques in these areas to aid researchers seeking to start or continue investigations for the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, Korea
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18
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Leyva D, Tariq MU, Jaffé R, Saeed F, Lima FF. Unsupervised Structural Classification of Dissolved Organic Matter Based on Fragmentation Pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1458-1468. [PMID: 34981937 PMCID: PMC11293370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is considered an essential component of the Earth's ecological and biogeochemical processes. Structural information of DOM components at the molecular level remains one of the most extraordinary analytical challenges. Advances in determination of chemical formulas from the molecular studies of DOM have provided limited indications on structural signatures and potential reaction pathways. In this work, we extend the structural characterization of a wetland DOM sample using precursor and fragment molecular ions obtained by a sequential electrospray ionization-Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR CASI-CID MS/MS) approach. The DOM chemical complexity resulted in near 900 precursors (P) and 24 000 fragment (F) molecular ions over a small m/z 261-477 range. The DOM structural content was dissected into families of structurally connected precursors based on neutral mass loss patterns (Pn-1 + F1:n + C) across the two-dimensional (2D) MS/MS space. This workflow identified over 1900 structural families of DOM compounds based on a precursor and neutral loss (H2O, CH4O, and CO2). The inspection of structural families showed a high degree of isomeric content (numerous identical fragmentation pathways), not discriminable with sole precursor ion analysis. The connectivity map of structural families allows for the visualization of potential biogeochemical processes that DOM undergoes throughout its lifetime. This study illustrates that integrating effective computational tools on a comprehensive high-resolution mass fragmentation strategy further enables the DOM structural characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennys Leyva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Muhammad Usman Tariq
- School of Computing and Information Science, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Rudolf Jaffé
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Fahad Saeed
- School of Computing and Information Science, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Francisco Fernandez Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
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19
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Xu X, Lu K, Wang Z, Wang M, Wang S. Effects of drainage on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) characteristics of surface water from a mountain peatland. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147848. [PMID: 34052484 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays an important role in regulating the carbon cycles in the peatland. In this study, we collected surface water once or twice a month from natural and drained areas of peatland in the Changbai Mountain, northeastern China, and determined the concentrations, spectral information, and composition of DOC, as well as the concentrations of other elements. The results showed that the concentrations of total N and NH4+ in the drained area were significantly higher than those in the natural area in most cases, but concentrations of total dissolved Fe were significantly lower. The DOC concentrations in the natural and drained area ranged from 31.0 mg L-1 to 320.8 mg L-1 and from 33.2 mg L-1 to 105.8 mg L-1, respectively. It is shown that DOC concentration in the drained area was generally lower than those in the natural area in mid-growing season, but it was higher in early- and end-growing seasons. SUVA254 (Abs254/DOC concentration) in the drained area was generally higher than in the natural area, indicating more aromatic DOC fraction in drained area. No consistent difference in other spectroscopy was observed between natural and drained areas. In contrast, molecular analysis of DOC not only confirmed an increase in the fraction of aromatic compounds in DOC but also showed different compositions of DOC between the natural and drained areas on molecular level, suggesting enhanced decomposition of peat organic matters after drainage. Notably, the average percentage of protein-like structures in DOC in drained area was significantly higher than that in natural area (14.9 ± 1.7% vs. 12.8 ± 0.8%), indicating preferential release of dissolved organic nitrogen from peat organic matter. Overall, this study suggests drainage can enhance decomposition of peat organic matters, resulting in more protein-like structures released into water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Institute for Peat & Mire Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Kaijun Lu
- Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX, USA
| | - Zucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Institute for Peat & Mire Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Institute for Peat & Mire Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Shengzhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China; Institute for Peat & Mire Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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20
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Marine dissolved organic matter: a vast and unexplored molecular space. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7225-7239. [PMID: 34536106 PMCID: PMC8494709 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) comprises a vast and unexplored molecular space. Most of it resided in the oceans for thousands of years. It is among the most diverse molecular mixtures known, consisting of millions of individual compounds. More than 1 Eg of this material exists on the planet. As such, it comprises a formidable source of natural products promising significant potential for new biotechnological purposes. Great emphasis has been placed on understanding the role of DOM in biogeochemical cycles and climate attenuation, its lifespan, interaction with microorganisms, as well as its molecular composition. Yet, probing DOM bioactivities is in its infancy, largely because it is technically challenging due to the chemical complexity of the material. It is of considerable interest to develop technologies capable to better discern DOM bioactivities. Modern screening technologies are opening new avenues allowing accelerated identification of bioactivities for small molecules from natural products. These methods diminish a priori the need for laborious chemical fractionation. We examine here the application of untargeted metabolomics and multiplexed high-throughput molecular-phenotypic screening techniques that are providing first insights on previously undetectable DOM bioactivities. Key points • Marine DOM is a vast, unexplored biotechnological resource. • Untargeted bioscreening approaches are emerging for natural product screening. • Perspectives for developing bioscreening platforms for marine DOM are discussed.
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21
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Mohapatra S, Sharma N, Mohapatra G, Padhye LP, Mukherji S. Seasonal variation in fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter in wastewater and identification of proteins through HRLC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125453. [PMID: 33930968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, wastewater samples acquired from five wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), located in western India were characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, and resin-based fractionation was conducted to fractionate DOM into hydrophobic and hydrophilic base, acid, and neutral fractions. Among several fractions, the hydrophilic acid (HIA) and hydrophilic neutral (HIN) fractions were present in higher abundance (more than 50% of DOC) compared to the hydrophilic base (HIB) fraction in both influent and effluent wastewater stream obtained from WWTPs. Tryptophan-like and tyrosine-like substances were also abundant in the influent and effluent stream of WWTPs. Further, LC-MS/MS analysis could identify 235 and 288 DOM proteins in the influent and effluent stream of WWTP-1, respectively. These proteins revealed varying percentage of tryptophan and tyrosine residues. The tryptophan residues primarily contributed to protein-like fluorescence in wastewater. The proteins were further classified based on their role in biological processes, location in the cell, and molecular function. Among several proteins, Alzheimer's and Huntington disease biomarkers were identified at WWTP-1. Their presence in the surface water can serve as an early warning system for wastewater-based epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeb Mohapatra
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Suparna Mukherji
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), IIT Bombay, Mumbai, India.
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22
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Zhang Y, Han Y, Dong C, Li C, Liang T, Ling G, Nie H. Rapid characterization and pharmacokinetic study of aristolochic acid analogues using ion mobility mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:4247-4253. [PMID: 33950274 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid analogues (AAAs), naturally existing in herbal Aristolochia and Asarum genera, were once widely used in traditional pharmacopeias because of their anti-inflammatory properties, but lately they were identified as potential nephrotoxins and mutagens. A method for rapid characterization of AAAs in serum was developed using ion mobility spectrometry coupled with mass spectrometry (IMS-MS). Five AAAs, containing four aristolochic acids and one aristolactam, were separated and identified within milliseconds. AAAs were separated in gas phase based on the difference of their ion mobility (K0), and then identified based on their K0 values, m/z, and product ions from MS/MS. Quantitative analysis of AAAs was performed using an internal standard with a satisfactory sensitivity. Limits of detection (signal-to-noise = 3) and quantification (signal-to-noise = 10) were 1-5 ng/mL and 3-8 ng/mL, respectively. The method was validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics study of AAAs in rats, offering a promising way for fast screening and evaluation of AAAs in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yehua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Chenglong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Tuo Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 10050, China
| | - Guannan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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23
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Law KP, He W, Tao J, Zhang C. Characterization of the Exometabolome of Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1 by Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:658781. [PMID: 34276593 PMCID: PMC8281238 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.658781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine Thaumarchaeota (formerly known as the marine group I archaea) have received much research interest in recent years since these chemolithoautotrophic organisms are abundant in the subsurface ocean and oxidize ammonium to nitrite, which makes them a major contributor to the marine carbon and nitrogen cycles. However, few studies have investigated the chemical composition of their exometabolome and their contributions to the pool of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in seawater. This study exploits the recent advances in ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) and integrates this instrumental capability with bioinformatics to reassess the exometabolome of a model ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, Nitrosopumilus maritimus strain SCM1. Our method has several advantages over the conventional approach using an Orbitrap or ion cyclotron resonance mass analyzer and allows assignments or annotations of spectral features to known metabolites confidently and indiscriminately, as well as distinction of biological molecules from background organics. Consistent with the results of a previous report, the SPE-extracted exometabolome of N. maritimus is dominated by biologically active nitrogen-containing metabolites, in addition to peptides secreted extracellularly. Cobalamin and associated intermediates, including α-ribazole and α-ribazole 5′-phosphate, are major components of the SPE-extracted exometabolome of N. maritimus. This supports the proposition that Thaumarchaeota have the capacity of de novo biosynthesizing cobalamin. Other biologically significant metabolites, such as agmatidine and medicagenate, predicted by genome screening are also detected, which indicates that Thaumarchaeota have remarkable metabolic potentials, underlining their importance in driving elemental cycles critical to biological processes in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai P Law
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianchang Tao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanlun Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Geo-Omics Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Shanghai Sheshan National Geophysical Observatory, Shanghai, China
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24
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Shao L, Deng Y, Qiu J, Zhang H, Liu W, Bazienė K, Lü F, He P. DOM chemodiversity pierced performance of each tandem unit along a full-scale "MBR+NF" process for mature landfill leachate treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 195:117000. [PMID: 33721679 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mature landfill leachate contains a substantial fraction of recalcitrant dissolved organic matters (DOM) that is a challenging for conventional wastewater treatment that is typically focused on the removal of biodegradable organic matter. "Biological treatment + membrane treatment" has been widely employed to treat complex leachate. However, the performance of each unit based on both conventional bulk indicators and molecular information has not been well understood. Therefore, the fate of DOM chemodiversity along the full-scale treatment process across ten sampling points over three different seasons were analyzed to determine the efficiency of every unit process with the assistance of ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Results showed that the process performance, visualized through the molecular signals, were relatively stable in the temporal dimension. The process removed 83.2%-92.2% of DOM molecules in terms of richness, where lignin/carboxyl-rich alicyclic compounds (CRAM)-likes with relatively high saturation was preferentially removed, while newly generated bio-derived N-containing compounds (N/Cwa 0.15-0.17) became resistant. The relationship between conventional bulk physicochemical indicators and molecular indexes suggested that soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were contributed by the refractory DOM with high weighted average double bond equivalents (DBEwa), which was distributed in the region of O/C 0.2-0.5 and H/C 1.2-1.8. This refractory DOM required ultrafiltration and nanofiltration for removal. DOM molecules were positively correlated with five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and revealed that approximately 96.9%-98.4% of the DOM could be removed or transformed in the primary anoxic zone. In addition, the bio-derived aliphatic/proteins, lipids and lignin/CRAM-likes (O/C > 0.2) with condensed aromatization were the sources of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and still remained in the final effluent. The present study suggests that the design and operation of the combination process with biological and membrane treatment could be specifically optimized based on the DOM molecular characteristics of the wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yingtao Deng
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Junjie Qiu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wanying Liu
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Kristina Bazienė
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Department of Mechanics and Materials Engineering, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Fan Lü
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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25
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Sharma VK, Ma X, Guo B, Zhang K. Environmental factors-mediated behavior of microplastics and nanoplastics in water: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129597. [PMID: 33460897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The release of plastics in nature is an increasing global concern due to their degradation from microplastics (MPs) and even to nanoplastics (NPs), which are being recognized as a potential global threat to humans and environment. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on the effect of different environmental factors on the aggregation of MPs and NPs in aquatic environment. Stability (or extent of aggregation) of MPs and NPs varies with pH, ionic strength, ion type (monovalent, divalent, and trivalent), kind of minerals, and natural organic matter (NOM) of the aquatic environment. Electrostatic interactions between particles at different pH and ionic strength caused by salts of different valents govern the aggregation. In the presence of minerals (or inorganic colloids), net surface charge of mineral and surface potential of MPs and NPs (i.e., positive or negative surface functionality) play important roles in the heteroaggregation of MPs and NPs. In the presence of NOM, additional complex interactions including hydrophobic interactions and bridging are also involved in the aggregation of particles. Understanding the interactions of MPs and NPs of different surface charge with diverse environmental factors at a wide range of environmental conditions is pivotal to assess the mobility and the fate of degraded plastic particles and their risk to human health and ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender K Sharma
- Program of the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
| | - Binglin Guo
- Program of the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kaiyi Zhang
- Program of the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA; Zachery Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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26
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Petras D, Minich JJ, Cancelada LB, Torres RR, Kunselman E, Wang M, White ME, Allen EE, Prather KA, Aluwihare LI, Dorrestein PC. Non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry enables the visualization of organic matter chemotype shifts in coastal seawater. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129450. [PMID: 33460888 PMCID: PMC7969459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization along coastlines alters marine ecosystems including contributing molecules of anthropogenic origin to the coastal dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool. A broad assessment of the nature and extent of anthropogenic impacts on coastal ecosystems is urgently needed to inform regulatory guidelines and ecosystem management. Recently, non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry approaches are gaining momentum for the analysis of global organic matter composition (chemotypes) including a wide array of natural and anthropogenic compounds. In line with these efforts, we developed a non-targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) workflow that utilizes advanced data analysis approaches such as feature-based molecular networking and repository-scale spectrum searches. This workflow allows the scalable comparison and mapping of seawater chemotypes from large-scale spatial surveys as well as molecular family level annotation of unknown compounds. As a case study, we visualized organic matter chemotype shifts in coastal environments in northern San Diego, USA, after notable rain fall in winter 2017/2018 and highlight potential anthropogenic impacts. The observed seawater chemotype, consisting of 4384 LC-MS/MS features, shifted significantly after a major rain event. Molecular drivers of this shift could be attributed to multiple anthropogenic compounds, including pesticides (Imazapyr and Isoxaben), cleaning products (Benzyl-tetradecyl-dimethylammonium) and chemical additives (Hexa (methoxymethyl)melamine) and potential degradation products. By expanding the search of identified xenobiotics to other public tandem mass spectrometry datasets, we further contextualized their possible origin and show their importance in other ecosystems. The mass spectrometry and data analysis pipelines applied here offer a scalable framework for future molecular mapping and monitoring of marine ecosystems, which will contribute to a deliberate assessment of how chemical pollution impacts our oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petras
- University of California San Diego, Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA; University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA.
| | - Jeremiah J Minich
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA
| | - Lucia B Cancelada
- University of California San Diego, Department of Chemistry, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA
| | - Ralph R Torres
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA
| | - Emily Kunselman
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA
| | - Mingxun Wang
- University of California San Diego, Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA
| | - Margot E White
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA
| | - Eric E Allen
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA; University of California San Diego, Center for Microbiome Innovation, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA
| | - Kimberly A Prather
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA; University of California San Diego, Department of Chemistry, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA
| | - Lihini I Aluwihare
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, 8622 Kennel Way, La Jolla, USA
| | - Pieter C Dorrestein
- University of California San Diego, Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA; University of California San Diego, Department of Chemistry, 9500, Gilman Drive, La Jolla, USA
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27
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Pang Y, Wang K, Sun Y, Zhou Y, Yang S, Li Y, He C, Shi Q, He D. Linking the unique molecular complexity of dissolved organic matter to flood period in the Yangtze River mainstream. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142803. [PMID: 33757246 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Large rivers transport a significant amount of terrestrially derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) to coastal oceans, consisting of a critical component of the global biogeochemical cycle. Although high flow events usually introduce more terrestrial DOM than baseflow, the underlying molecular complexity and lability of DOM during high discharge are not well constrained, especially in large river ecosystems. By combining ultraviolet and fluorescent spectroscopy, and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, we found that stronger terrestrial DOM signal was detected during high discharge than normal discharge in the Yangtze River mainstream. The averaged DOC concentration was higher during high discharge than normal discharge. Optical properties confirmed higher aromaticity and relatively higher humic-like fluorescent components in DOM during high discharge. The molecular composition showed significantly higher molecular complexity, averaged molecular weight, aromaticity, relative abundances of polyphenols and highly unsaturated compounds of DOM during high discharge than normal discharge. A large set of unique molecular formulae (up to 4927) was only detected during high discharge. These unique molecular formulae were mostly lignin degradation products, likely due to more intensive soil leaching during high discharge. By comparing with incubation experiments and the Yangtze River mouth and East China Sea DOM molecular composition, some of these unique molecular formulae during high discharge are resistant to both bio- and photo-degradation, and persist during their transport to the East China Sea. Therefore, we suggest that high discharge will additionally introduce a relatively recalcitrant pool of DOM into the Yangtze River mainstream and persist during its journey to the ocean. Considering the projected increase of flood frequency, this study provides a preliminary foundation for further studies to better assess the underlying mechanisms how hydrology affect the biogeochemical cycling of DOM in large rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pang
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongge Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Ding He
- Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, China.
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28
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Zhang X, Chen Z, Huo X, Kang J, Zhao S, Peng Y, Deng F, Shen J, Chu W. Application of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry in deciphering molecular composition of soil organic matter: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 756:144140. [PMID: 33293083 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Swiftly deciphering soil organic matter (SOM) composition is critical for research on soil degradation and restoration. Recent advances in analytical techniques (e.g., optical methods and mass spectrometry) have expanded our understanding of the composition, origin, and evolution of SOM. In particular, the use of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers (FTICR-MS) makes it possible to interpret SOM compositions at the molecular level. In this review, we discuss extraction, enrichment, and purification methods for SOM using FTICR-MS analysis; summarize ionization techniques, FTICR-MS mechanisms, data analysis methods, and molecular compositions of SOM in different environments (providing new insights into its origin and evolution); and discuss factors affecting its molecular diversity. Our results show that digenesis, combustion, pyrolysis, and biological metabolisms jointly contribute to the molecular diversity of SOM molecules. The SOM thus formed can further undergo photodegradation during transportation from land to fresh water (and subsequently oceans), resulting in the formation of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Better understanding the molecular features of DOM therefore accelerates our understanding of SOM evolution. In addition, we assess the degradation potential of SOM in different environments to better inform soil remediation methods. Finally, we discuss the merits and drawbacks of applying FTICR-MS on the analysis of SOM molecules, along with existing gaps in knowledge, challenges, and new opportunities for research in FTICR-MS applications and SOM identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shenxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yutao Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wei Chu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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29
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He D, Wang K, Pang Y, He C, Li P, Li Y, Xiao S, Shi Q, Sun Y. Hydrological management constraints on the chemistry of dissolved organic matter in the Three Gorges Reservoir. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116413. [PMID: 32980606 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reservoirs are well known as a far-reaching human modification on the functions of natural river networks. However, changes in the chemistry and reactivity of dissolved organic matter (DOM) responding to hydrological management for water retention structures, and its influence on the river carbon cycle, remain poorly understood. Here we show that hydrological management does shape the molecular composition of DOM in the world's largest Three Gorges Reservoir, as revealed by optical spectroscopy and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. Relatively higher terrestrial input, molecular complexity, isomeric complexity, and environmental stability of DOM were observed during the storage period, whereas the inverse occurred during the drainage period. The results demonstrate that the hydrodynamic processes, which are mainly controlled by water intrusion from mainstream to tributaries, are likely the underlying mechanism controlling DOM chemistry. Integrated with observations from worldwide river reservoirs, the DOM degradation experiments suggest that reservoir hydrological management would enhance DOM mineralization, thereby increase CO2 emission and change the river carbon cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding He
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yu Pang
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Yunyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shangbin Xiao
- College of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yongge Sun
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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30
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Spectral and mass spectrometric characteristics of different molecular weight fractions of dissolved organic matter. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Zhang X, Han J, Zhang X, Shen J, Chen Z, Chu W, Kang J, Zhao S, Zhou Y. Application of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to characterize natural organic matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 260:127458. [PMID: 32693253 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the ultra-high-resolution mass spectroscopy lead to a deep insight into the molecular characterization of natural organic matter (NOM). Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) has been used as one of the most powerful tools to decipher NOM molecules. In FTICR-MS analysis, the matrix effects caused by the co-occurring inorganic substances in water samples greatly affect the ionization of NOM molecules. The inherent complexity of NOM may hinder its component classification and formula assignment. In this study, basic principles and recent advances for sample separation and purification approaches, ionization methods, and the evolutions in formula assignment and data exploitation of the FTICR-MS analysis were reviewed. The complementary characterization methods for FTICR-MS were also reviewed. By coupling with other developed/developing characterization methods, the statistical confidence for inferring the NOM compositions by FTICR-MS was greatly improved. Despite that the refined separation procedures and advanced data processing methods for NOM molecules have been exploited, the big challenge for interpreting NOM molecules is to give the basic structures of them. Online share of the FTICR-MS data, further optimizing the FTICR-MS technique, and coupling this technique with more characterization methods would be beneficial to improving the understanding of the composition and property of NOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jiarui Han
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xiangru Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jimin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Wei Chu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Jing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shengxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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32
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Terrell E, Carré V, Dufour A, Aubriet F, Le Brech Y, Garcia-Pérez M. Contributions to Lignomics: Stochastic Generation of Oligomeric Lignin Structures for Interpretation of MALDI-FT-ICR-MS Results. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4428-4445. [PMID: 32174017 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The lack of standards to identify oligomeric molecules is a challenge for the analysis of complex organic mixtures. High-resolution mass spectrometry-specifically, Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS)-offers new opportunities for analysis of oligomers with the assignment of formulae (Cx Hy Oz ) to detected peaks. However, matching a specific structure to a given formula remains a challenge due to the inability of FT-ICR MS to distinguish between isomers. Additional separation techniques and other analyses (e.g., NMR spectroscopy) coupled with comparison of results to those from pure compounds is one route for assignment of MS peaks. Unfortunately, this strategy may be impractical for complete analysis of complex, heterogeneous samples. In this study we use computational stochastic generation of lignin oligomers to generate a molecular library for supporting the assignment of potential candidate structures to compounds detected during FT-ICR MS analysis. This approach may also be feasible for other macromolecules beyond lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Terrell
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99163, USA
| | - Vincent Carré
- LCP-A2MC, FR 3624, Université de Lorraine, ICPM, 57078, Metz Cedex 03, France
| | - Anthony Dufour
- LRGP, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, ENSIC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Frédéric Aubriet
- LCP-A2MC, FR 3624, Université de Lorraine, ICPM, 57078, Metz Cedex 03, France
| | - Yann Le Brech
- LRGP, CNRS, Université de Lorraine, ENSIC, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Manuel Garcia-Pérez
- Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99163, USA
- Bioproducts, Sciences, & Engineering Laboratory, Washington State University Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
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Leyva D, Jaffe R, Fernandez-Lima F. Structural Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter at the Chemical Formula Level Using TIMS-FT-ICR MS/MS. Anal Chem 2020; 92:11960-11966. [PMID: 32786462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TIMS-FT-ICR MS is an important alternative to study the isomeric diversity and elemental composition of complex mixtures. While the chemical structure of many compounds in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) remains largely unknown, the high structural diversity has been described at the molecular level using chemical formulas. In this study, we further push the boundaries of TIMS-FT-ICR MS by performing chemical formula-based ion mobility and tandem MS analysis for the structural characterization of DOM. The workflow described is capable to mobility select (R ∼ 100) and isolate molecular ion signals (Δm/z = 0.036) in the ICR cell, using single-shot ejections after broadband ejections and MS/MS based on sustained off-resonance irradiation collision-induced dissociation (SORI-CID). The workflow results are compared to alternative TIMS-q-FT-ICR MS/MS experiments with quadrupole isolation at nominal mass (∼1 Da). The technology is demonstrated with isomeric and isobaric mixtures (e.g., 4-methoxy-1-naphthoic acid, 2-methoxy-1-naphthoic acid, decanedioic acid) and applied to the characterization of DOM. The application of this new methodology to the analysis of a DOM is illustrated by the isolation of the molecular ion [C18H18O10-H]- in the presence of other isobars at nominal mass 393. Five IMS bands were assigned to the heterogeneous ion mobility profile of [C18H18O10-H]-, and candidate structures from the PubChem database were screened based on their ion mobility and the MS/MS matching score. This approach overcomes traditional challenges associated with the similarity of fragmentation patterns of DOM samples (e.g., common neutral losses of H2O, CO2, and CH2-H2O) by narrowing down the isomeric candidate structures using the mobility domain.
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Hawkes JA, Sjöberg PJR, Bergquist J, Tranvik LJ. Complexity of dissolved organic matter in the molecular size dimension: insights from coupled size exclusion chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. Faraday Discuss 2020; 218:52-71. [PMID: 31120465 DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00222c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between apparent size distribution and molecular complexity of dissolved organic matter from the natural environment. We used a high pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) method coupled to UV-Vis diode array detection (UV-DAD) and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in order to compare the apparent size of natural organic matter, determined by HPSEC-UV and the molecular mass determined online by ESI-MS. We found that there was a clear discrepancy between the two methods, and found evidence for an important pool of organic matter that has a strong UV absorbance and no ESI-MS signal. Contrary to some previous research, we found no evidence that apparently high molecular weight organic matter is constituted by aggregates of low molecular weight (<1000 Da) material. Furthermore, our results suggest that the majority of apparent size variability within the ESI ionisable pool of organic matter is due to secondary interaction and exclusion effects on the HPSEC column, and not true differences in hydrodynamic size or intermolecular aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Hawkes
- Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Qiu J, Lü F, Zhang H, Liu W, Chen J, Deng Y, Shao L, He P. UPLC Orbitrap MS/MS-based fingerprints of dissolved organic matter in waste leachate driven by waste age. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121205. [PMID: 31627183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Waste leachate is a pool of complicated metabolites from waste treatment and disposal as a global environmental problem. The recognition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in leachate is crucial to improve leachate treatment efficiency and comprehend waste stabilization process. The present study acquired the molecular information for DOM in 22 waste leachate samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC Orbitrap MS/MS) based on two dimensions of retention time and mass-to-charge ratio. Unique mass peaks occupied more than 20% of the detected mass peaks in each leachate, implying that the molecular information for DOM could be the fingerprint of waste landfills and storage pits. Waste age and composition predominately accounted for this unique DOM. The double-bond equivalent increased and the H/C decreased with waste age. We further found that 57 precursor ion peaks and artificial matter (confirmed as N-butylbenzenesulfonamide) were significantly correlated with waste age by multiple test and non-target screening. These molecular characteristics of raw leachate were first determined to compensate for the evolution of leachate with waste age. The fingerprints of waste leachate can be further applied in environmental monitoring scenarios, e.g., tracing landfill leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Fan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wanying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Junlan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yingtao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Liming Shao
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Pinjing He
- Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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Fundamentals and applications of incorporating chromatographic separations with ion mobility-mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Gao Y, Wang W, He C, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Shi Q. Fractionation and molecular characterization of natural organic matter (NOM) by solid-phase extraction followed by FT-ICR MS and ion mobility MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:6343-6352. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kim D, Kim S, Son S, Jung MJ, Kim S. Application of Online Liquid Chromatography 7 T FT-ICR Mass Spectrometer Equipped with Quadrupolar Detection for Analysis of Natural Organic Matter. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7690-7697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Analytical Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Son
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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