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Liang J, Li O, Fang L, Han F, Chen Y, Tang S, Li Z. Hydrothermally Stimulated Molecular Interfaces for Augmented Electron Delocalization in Wet-Chemical Phosphorus Recovery from Incineration Ash of Sewage Sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:10839-10851. [PMID: 38850558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Wet-chemically recovering phosphorus (P) from sewage sludge incineration ash (SSIA) has already become a global initiative to address P deficit, but effectively isolating P from these accompanying metals (AMs) through adsorption in a SSIA-derived extract remains elusive. Here, we devised a hydrothermal stimulus-motivated thermodynamic and kinetic enhancement to gain anionic ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) molecular interfaces for AM enclosure to resolve this conundrum. A new dosage rule based on the EDTA coordination ratio with AMs was established for the first time. Upon hydrothermal extraction at 140 °C for 1 h, the P extraction efficiency reached 96.7% or higher for these obtained SSIA samples, and then exceptional P sequestration from these EDTA-chelated AMs was realized by the peculiar lanthanum (La)-based nanoadsorbent (having 188.86 mg P/g adsorbent at pH ∼ 3.0). Relevant theoretical calculations unraveled that these delocalized electrons of tetravalent EDTA molecules boosted the enclosure of liberated AMs, thereby entailing a substantially increased negative adsorption energy (-408.7 kcal/mol) of P in the form of H2PO4- through intruding lattice-edged carbonates to coordinate La with monodentate mononuclear over LaCO5(1 0 1). This work highlights the prospect of molecular adaptation of these common extractants in wet-chemical P recovery from various P-included wastes, further sustaining global P circularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Liang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ouyang Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Fang
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulei Han
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yundan Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Tang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenshan Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Song X, Alewell C, Borrelli P, Panagos P, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wu H, Yang F, Yang S, Sui Y, Wang L, Liu S, Zhang G. Pervasive soil phosphorus losses in terrestrial ecosystems in China. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17108. [PMID: 38273551 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Future phosphorus (P) shortages could seriously affect terrestrial productivity and food security. We investigated the changes in topsoil available P (AP) and total P (TP) in China's forests, grasslands, paddy fields, and upland croplands during the 1980s-2010s based on substantial repeated soil P measurements (63,220 samples in the 1980s, 2000s, and 2010s) and machine learning techniques. Between the 1980s and 2010s, total soil AP stock increased with a small but significant rate of 0.13 kg P ha-1 year-1 , but total soil TP stock declined substantially (4.5 kg P ha-1 year-1 ) in the four ecosystems. We quantified the P budgets of soil-plant systems by harmonizing P fluxes from various sources for this period. Matching trends of soil contents over the decades with P budgets and fluxes, we found that the P-surplus in cultivated soils (especially in upland croplands) might be overestimated due to the great soil TP pool compared to fertilization and the substantial soil P losses through plant uptake and water erosion that offset the P additions. Our findings of P-deficit in China raise the alarm on the sustainability of future biomass production (especially in forests), highlight the urgency of P recycling in croplands, and emphasize the critical role of country-level basic data in guiding sound policies to tackle the global P crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Christine Alewell
- Environmental Geosciences, Department of Environmental Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pasquale Borrelli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Panos Panagos
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huayong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Shunhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yueyu Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liangjie Wang
- Co-Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ganlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Lai LL, Wan SZ, Qaisar M, Yang YF, Wang R, Yuan LJ. Electrochemically mediated phosphorus and energy recovery from digested effluent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119511. [PMID: 37956517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing global concern over the high phosphorus concentration in discharged wastewaters has driven the demand for exploring the means to recover it from wastewater. We previously demonstrated the possibility of phosphorus recovery by iron-air fuel cells from digested effluent. The present study focused on further optimizing the performance of the fuel cell by adjusting the wastewater properties (initial pH) and device parameters (anode/cathode area ratio, electrode spacing). Under neutral or slightly alkaline conditions, the HCO3- ions accelerated the formation of iron anode passivation layer, resulting in a decreased phosphate removal efficiency and vivianite yield. Additionally, the occurrence of oxygen crossover with small electrode spacing and anode/cathode area ratio significantly influenced the efficiency of fuel cells in terms of phosphate removal, vivianite production, and electricity generation. The results showed that an acidic pH (5.78), an adequate anode/cathode area ratio (1.3), and an appropriate electrode spacing (5 cm) were prone to increase vivianite yield. Furthermore, the fuel cell achieved the highest electric energy output with an initial pH of 5.78, an anode/cathode area ratio of 0.4, and an electrode spacing of 7.5 cm. As far as operational cost was concerned, the iron-air fuel cell system exhibited a potential cost-saving advantage of about 65.6% compared to the traditional electrochemical crystallization system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Lai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Si-Zhuo Wan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Mahmood Qaisar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Lin-Jiang Yuan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
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Xie J, Zhuge X, Liu X, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Sun P, Zhao Y, Tong Y. Environmental sustainability opportunity and socio-economic cost analyses of phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 16:100258. [PMID: 36941883 PMCID: PMC10024106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although phosphorus (P) recovery and management from sewage sludge are practiced in North America and Europe, such practices are not yet to be implemented in China. Here, we evaluated the environmental sustainability opportunity and socio-economic costs of recovering P from sewage sludge by replacing the current-day treatments (CT; sludge treatment and landfill) and P chemical fertilizer application (CF) in China using life cycle assessment and life cycle costing methods. Three potential P recovery scenarios (PR1‒PR3: struvite, vivianite, and treated sludge) and corresponding current-day scenarios (CT1‒CT3 and CF) were considered. Results indicated that PR1 and PR2 have smaller environmental impacts than the current-day scenarios, whereas PR3 has larger impacts in most categories. PR3 has the lowest net costs (sum of internal costs and benefits, 39.1-54.7 CNY per kg P), whereas PR2 has the lowest external costs (366.8 CNY per kg P). Societal costs for production and land use of 1 kg P by P recovery from sewage sludge (e.g., ∼527 CNY for PR1) are much higher than those of P chemical fertilizers (∼20 CNY for CF). However, considering the costs in the current-day treatments (e.g., ∼524 CNY for CT1), societal costs of P recovery scenarios are close to or slightly lower than those of current-day scenarios. Among the three P recovery scenarios, we found that recovering struvite as P fertilizer has the highest societal feasibility. This study will provide valuable information for improved sewage sludge management and will help promote the sustainable supply of P in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xingchen Zhuge
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Robert M. Buchan Department of Mining, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850012, China
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Chu Z, Wang W, Yin M, Yang Z. Zirconium Component Modified Porous Nanowood for Efficient Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111807. [PMID: 37299711 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urban industrialization and agricultural production have led to the discharge of excessive phosphate into aquatic systems, resulting in a rise in water pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore efficient phosphate removal technologies. Herein, a novel phosphate capture nanocomposite (PEI-PW@Zr) with mild preparation conditions, environmental friendliness, recyclability, and high efficiency has been developed by modifying aminated nanowood with a zirconium (Zr) component. The Zr component imparts the ability to capture phosphate to the PEI-PW@Zr, while the porous structure provides a mass transfer channel, resulting in excellent adsorption efficiency. Additionally, the nanocomposite maintains more than 80% phosphate adsorption efficiency even after ten adsorption-desorption cycles, indicating its recyclability and potential for repeated use. This compressible nanocomposite provides novel insights into the design of efficient phosphate removal cleaners and offers potential approaches for the functionalization of biomass-based composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Chu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mengping Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhuohong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Lai LL, Liu C, Liu MY, Wan SZ, Zhao ZG, Wang R, Yuan LJ. Condition optimization of iron-air fuel cell to treat phosphate-containing wastewater regarding sustainable development. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137507. [PMID: 36495975 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Increasing use of phosphorus products and excessive exploitation of phosphorus resources become two major problems in perspective of phosphorus sustainable development. Phosphorus recovery is the shortcut to solve this dilemma. Combining electrochemistry, an iron-air fuel cell was adopted to recover phosphate and electricity from phosphate-containing wastewater in our previous studies. The present study focused on investigating the effects of catholyte/anolyte conductivity, external resistance, and anolyte pH on the performance of iron-air fuel cell, and obtaining the optimized conditions. Furthermore, the electrochemical methods of phosphate recovery were compared and assessed, and it is concluded that iron-air fuel cell has great potential for energy recovery. The phosphate removal efficiencies and vivianite yield roughly positively correlated with the catholyte conductivity and the anolyte pH, but negatively correlated with the external resistance and the anolyte conductivity. The electricity generation roughly positively correlated with the catholyte conductivity and anolyte conductivity, but showed limitations in the test range of anolyte pH and external resistance. To pursue high phosphate removal efficiencies and vivianite yield, the catholyte conductivity, external resistance, anolyte pH and anolyte conductivity were suggested to be 35 g-NaCl/L, 10 Ω, 8 and 0 g-NaCl/L. While if electricity generation was the primary goal, these parameters should be 35 g-NaCl/L, 220 Ω, 5 and 70 g-NaCl/L. The optimized conditions will help to improve the phosphate removal efficiency, vivianite yield and electricity generation, and to promote the development of iron-air fuel cell technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Lai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE. Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, 455000, PR China
| | - Meng-Yu Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE. Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Si-Zhuo Wan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE. Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhao
- China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710014, PR China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE. Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Lin-Jiang Yuan
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE. Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No.13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
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7
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Xu X, Xu Q, Du Z, Gu L, Chen C, Huangfu X, Shi D. Enhanced phosphorus release from waste activated sludge using ascorbic acid reduction and acid dissolution. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119476. [PMID: 36516494 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the widespread application of various iron (Fe)-derived substances used in phosphorus (P) removal during wastewater treatment, Fe-P species generated in this process constitute an important part of P speciation in non-digested sludge. SEM-EDS and sequential extraction methods were utilized to analyze the speciation, distribution, and spatial variation of P contained in the sludge. Inorganic P accounted for 91.3% of the total P, and Fe(III)-P represented the greatest percentage (68.5%) in the inorganic P fraction. Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C (VC), performed well in releasing P from sludge, especially in combination with subsequent pH adjustment to 3.0 using HCl. Fe(III)-P in sludge was first reduced to Fe(II)-P by VC, then dissolved in acidic conditions to release Fe2+ and PO43-. Other metal-P compounds were also partially dissolved and released. VC disrupted the sludge floc structure, releasing organic P via organic efflux. There was a positive correlation (R2>0.97, p<0.05) between the amount of released P and the amount of reductant (VC). There was a synergistic effect between 120 mmol/L VC and acidity, producing the greatest P release of 67.1% of total sludge P. The P release efficiency achieved in this study was higher than other reported methods. Additionally, VC provides a more sustainable option due to its natural biodegradability. Released P and Fe2+ can be recovered as vivianite with recovery rates of 88% and 99%, respectively. This finding provides a new direction for effective, sustainable sludge P recovery and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zexuan Du
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Li Gu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Cong Chen
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Dezhi Shi
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing 400045, China
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Zheng X, Ying Z, Feng Y, Wang B, Dou B. CaO-assisted hydrothermal treatment combined with incineration of sewage sludge: Focusing on phosphorus (P) fractions, P-bioavailability, and heavy metals behaviors. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136391. [PMID: 36096311 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dewatering of sewage sludge (SS) was the prerequisite for saving its drying energy and sustaining its stable combustion. Hydrothermal treatment (HT) has been a promising technology for improving SS dewaterability with high energy efficiency. However, the knowledge of phosphorus (P) transformation and heavy metals (HMs) behaviors in the combined HT and incineration process was still lack. P fractions, P-bioavailability, HMs speciation, and their environmental risk in the ash samples from this combination process were evaluated and compared with those from the co-incineration of SS and CaO. The combination process was superior to the latter one in the light of P and HMs. CaO preferred to enhance the transformation of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) to apatite phosphorus (AP) initially with enriched P and increased P-bioavailability in the resultant ash samples. The combination process further reduced the values of risk assessment code and individual contamination factor with the increment of the stable F4 fraction in HMs. Significant reduction of potential ecological risk was observed with the lowest global risk index of 43.76 in the combination process. Optimum CaO addition of 6% was proposed in terms of P and HMs. The work here can provide theoretical references for the potential utilization of P from SS to mitigate the foreseeable shortage of P rocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Zheng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Zhi Ying
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuheng Feng
- Thermal and Environment Engineering Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Binlin Dou
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
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Liao X, Yan J, Chen J, Huang Z, Xiao T, Li C, Pan C, Yang X, Liu Y, Crenshaw TD, Yang X, Ren Z. A simple daily dynamic feeding regimen for reducing phosphorus consumption and excretion in laying hens. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 11:132-141. [PMID: 36204283 PMCID: PMC9527630 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus metabolism in laying hens is a highly dynamic process over the course of the 24 h egg-laying cycle. Adjusting the phosphorus feeding regimen according to the daily egg-laying cycle may help to improve phosphorus utilization efficiency. Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 120; 70 wk old) were offered 4 different phosphorus daily regimens: (1) RR, fed regular phosphorus at both 09:00 and 17:00; (2) RL, fed regular phosphorus at 09:00 and low phosphorus at 17:00; (3) LR, fed low phosphorus at 09:00 and regular phosphorus at 17:00; (4) LL, fed low phosphorus at both 09:00 and 17:00. The regular and low phosphorus diets contained 0.32% and 0.14% non-phytate phosphorus, respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 12 wk. As a result, layers on the RL regimen had decreased laying rate (P < 0.05; 5 to 8, 9 to 12, and 1 to 12 wk) when compared to all other regimens. Layers on the LL regimen had decreased eggshell thickness and specific gravity (P < 0.05; wk 8) when compared to all other regimens, and had decreased egg shell strength (P < 0.05; wk 8) when compared to RL and LR regimens. When compared to the RR regimen (a common practice in the industry), layers on the LR regimen had: (1) identical laying performance and egg quality (P > 0.05); (2) decreased phosphorus excretion (P < 0.05) during the period of 09:00 to 17:00; (3) increased jejunal calbindin D28k protein expression (P < 0.05) 2 h after feeding in the morning; (4) decreased serum fibroblast growth factor 23 and calcitriol levels (P < 0.05), decreased jejunal type III sodium-phosphate cotransporter 2 gene and protein expression (P < 0.05), and decreased renal type III sodium-phosphate cotransporter 1 protein expression (P < 0.05), 2 h after feeding in the afternoon. In summary, when dietary phosphorus was supplemented in accordance with daily serum phosphorus rhythms (i.e., the LR regimen), laying performance and egg quality were well supported whilst significantly decreasing phosphorus consumption and excretion. Thus, serum phosphorus rhythms will need to be carefully maintained when developing dietary phosphorus-reduction strategies in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujie Liao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiakun Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jionghao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianshuai Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Changqing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chong Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Thomas D. Crenshaw
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhouzheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Corresponding author.
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Ding Y, Dai X, Wu B, Liu Z, Dai L. Targeted clean extraction of phosphorus from waste activated sludge: From a new perspective of phosphorus occurrence states to an innovative approach through acidic cation exchange resin. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 215:118190. [PMID: 35278917 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge (WAS) is an important source of non-renewable phosphorus (P) recovery. Given the factor that the occurrence states of phosphorus in WAS determines its recovery efficiency, the spatial distribution and chemical speciation of phosphorus were comprehensively and simultaneously analyzed by in-situ and step-by-step extraction methods for the first time. It was confirmed that the phosphorus in solid phase of WAS could be mainly divided into three parts: polyphosphate in cells, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-bound P, and phosphate precipitated with metals (P-precipitates) in extracellular inorganic minerals. Among these forms, EPS-bound P (mainly orthophosphate, Ortho-P) and P-precipitates (mainly Ca-P, Fe-P, Al-P, and Mg-P) were the major forms of phosphorus in WAS, accounting for 65%-82% of total phosphorus (TP). Owing to the acid solubility of P-precipitates, acid extraction could be a potentially effective means for phosphorus recovery. However, the co-solution of metals may hinder the phosphorus recovery and the EPS-bound P cannot be recovered by acid extraction. To enhance phosphorus release from EPS and reduce metal interference, a targeted clean extraction technology using acidic cation exchange resin (ACER) was also developed. The results showed that a low dosage ACER could effectively extract EPS-bound P and P-precipitates, and the content of phosphorus in the extract exceeded 50% of TP. Compared with acid extraction, the release efficiency of TP increased by 13%-23%, and the dissolved metal content decreased by more than 90% in the extract by ACER. This was attributed to the acidification and metal capture by ACER. Finally, more than 90% of Ortho-P in the extract was recovered as calcium phosphate, which alleviated the depletion of phosphorus resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Boran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zhigang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lingling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
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11
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Ji W, Yan S, Xie K, Yuan X, Wang Z, Li Y. A clean process for phosphorus recovery and gallium enrichment from phosphorus flue dust by sodium carbonate roasting. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127580. [PMID: 34736211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus flue dust (PFD) is a solid waste product from phosphorus (P) production that contains P and is enriched with gallium (Ga). The recovery of these valuable components not only protects the environment, but also reduces resource waste. This study aimed to develop a green and efficient method to recover P and enriched Ga from PFD. The effects of different parameters on the P leaching rate and Ga loss rate during Na2CO3 roasting and water leaching were investigated and optimized. The reaction mechanisms during the experiment were characterized, revealing that the P-containing compounds in PFD mainly transformed into water-soluble Na3PO4. Furthermore, the leaching rate of P reached 85.38%, while Ga was mainly concentrated in the residue and its loss rate was only about 1%. Ga content in the residue reached about 0.1%. An attempt was made to recover Na+ and PO43- from the aqueous solution by evaporative crystallization and XRD analysis showed that the main phase of the crystallization product was Na2HPO4. The proposed process is technically simple, only Na2CO3 is added and no hazardous substances are generated, and represents a new method for recovering P and enriching Ga from PFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Ji
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiyu Yan
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Keqiang Xie
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xiaolei Yuan
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
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12
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Huang CL, Kang W, Xu S, Gao B, Huang W, Li Z, Cui S. Growing phosphorus dilemma: The opportunity from aquatic systems' secondary phosphorus retention capacity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148938. [PMID: 34273826 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The essential cause of phosphorus scarcity and phosphorus-induced risks, i.e. phosphorus dilemma, mainly lies in current low phosphorus flow efficiency (PFE) in agricultural systems. Improving PFE largely depends on secondary phosphorus retention along the phosphorus flow chain from phosphate mining to terrestrial agricultural systems, to aquatic systems, and ultimately to seabed deposition. Our review found that aquatic systems will have the opportunity and growing capacity to retain seaward secondary phosphorus carried by the runoff, due to its location between land and water systems, its ability of converting secondary phosphorus from both land and aquatic systems into aquatic products, and its rapid expansion with low PFE. However, a knowledge gap exists in secondary phosphorus retention in aquatic systems compared to in terrestrial systems. Although the phosphorus retention literature continues to grow in environmental and agricultural & biological sciences, only 8.8% of the documents are related to aquatic systems with few quantification studies. Based on the literature with phosphorus retention quantification since 1979, we divided the reported phosphorus interceptors into abiotic and biotic groups, further into 7 categories and more subcategories. By 2020, eight categories of interceptors had been reported, increased from only one interceptor in 1979. However, most of them focused on wetlands, only a few studies on aquatic organisms which concentrated in 8 countries before 2000. Thus, it is urgent to emphasize aquatic systems' secondary phosphorus retention capacity and its systemic benefits for a sustainable phosphorus use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Long Huang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, 398, Donghai Street, Quanzhou 362000, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Weifeng Kang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, 398, Donghai Street, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Su Xu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Bing Gao
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zirong Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Quanzhou Normal University, 398, Donghai Street, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Shenghui Cui
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799, Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Xiamen Key Lab of Urban Metabolism, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China.
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13
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Yang F, Tang C, Antonietti M. Natural and artificial humic substances to manage minerals, ions, water, and soil microorganisms. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6221-6239. [PMID: 34027951 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01363c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of humic substances (HSs) occurs hidden from our sight, but is of key importance to agriculture and the environment, and nowadays even to medicine and technology. HSs are nowadays not only natural, but extracted and engineered, and in the past 20 years such products have been widely used in soil improvement and environment governance. In this review, we collate and summarize the applications and working principles of such HSs in agriculture and environmental ecology, mainly to elaborate the multiple roles of this functional polymer along with physical chemical quantification. Then several of the latest synthesis technologies, including hydrothermal humification technology (HTH), hydrothermal carbonization technology (HTC) and hydrogen peroxide oxidation technology (HOT) are presented, which were introduced to prepare artificial humic substances (A-HSs). The availability of reproducible and tunable synthetic A-HSs is a new chemical tool, and effects such as solubilization of insoluble phosphorus minerals, recovery of phosphorus, improvement of soil fertility for crop growth and reduction of toxicity of typical pollutants, can now be analyzed in detail and quantified. As a result, we can provide an effective chemical technology for utilizing biomass side products ("biowaste") to generate A-HSs of different types, thus realizing improvement in agricultural production and control of environmental pollution by the macro-synthesis of A-HSs-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China. and School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chunyu Tang
- Joint Laboratory of Northeast Agricultural University and Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces (NEAU-MPICI), Harbin 150030, China. and School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Colloid Chemistry, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
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14
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Ma P, Rosen C. Land application of sewage sludge incinerator ash for phosphorus recovery: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129609. [PMID: 33545594 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is essential for all living things and an integral part of food production. However, significant amounts of P are functionally lost when wastewater byproducts, such as biosolids or sewage sludge incinerator ash (SSA), are not beneficially reused. Around 20% of sewage sludge produced in the US is incinerated and nearly 25% of sewage sludge is incinerated in European Union member countries. SSA contains significant amounts of P (up to 14% total P) and other beneficial elements but is typically sent to landfills for disposal. However, SSA has also been explored as one method of capturing and redirecting P back into the food system. Research investigating SSA characterization, P availability, and contaminant concentrations and behavior in soil is required to understand the effects of SSA land application on soil chemical properties and crop production. Several approaches for recovering P from SSA have been investigated that consider these factors. Ultimately, the opportunity for land application of SSA depends on the individual characteristics of a given SSA, ex. total P and contaminant concentrations, and the requirements and regulations of the region where it is produced and applied. In this review, we address the history of P recovery from SSA and discuss research regarding characterization, contaminants, P availability, and land application of SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Persephone Ma
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Carl Rosen
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
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15
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Peng B, Li X, Xiang S, Lei L, Yang M, Zhu L, Qi Y. Release behavior of iodine during leaching and calcination of phosphate rock. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:31059-31070. [PMID: 33595801 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12895-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of experiments of column leaching under different pHs (pH 1.8, 3.8, 6.5, and 8.5) and calcination at different temperatures (200-1100 °C) were carried out for evaluation of release behavior of iodine in phosphate rock. The modes of occurrence of iodine in the phosphate rock and its leaching and calcination residues were extracted with sequential chemical extraction. Iodine in solution and solid samples was measured with ion chromatography (IC) and pyrohydrolysis combined ion chromatography (PIC), respectively. Mineralogical compositions of phosphate rock and the leached and calcined residues were determined by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and FT-IR (Fourier infrared spectrum). The results show that iodine in phosphate rock occurred in a descending order of significance, as forms of residual, carbonate bound, ion-exchange, organic bound, Fe-Mn oxide bound, and water soluble. Under pH 1.8, 3.8, 6.5, and 8.5, the release iodine may almost reach the maximum at the leaching time of 65, 93, 90, and 165 h, with leaching rates of 5.28%, 1.24%, 0.550%, and 1.08% and the average iodine concentrations in the leachates of 2300 μg/L, 378 μg/L, 164 μg/L, and 189 μg/L, respectively. The forms of the leached iodine were mostly ion-exchange and carbonate-bound iodine under pH 1.8 and water soluble and ion-exchange iodine under pH 3.8, 6.5, and 8.5. By calcination, the total iodine was released rapidly in 200-300 °C and 700-1000 °C, and almost released completely at 1000 °C, with a leaching rate of 96.6%. The ion-exchange and organic-bound iodine were, respectively, released at 200-1000 °C and at less than 300 °C; the carbonate-bound and residual iodine were mainly released at more than 700 °C. The release iodine in phosphate rock leached by natural water and calcined at a high temperature may lead to the increase of iodine concentration of water body and atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxian Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China.
| | - Xinrui Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Sulin Xiang
- Department of Environment Engineering, East China Jiao Tong University, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Linyan Lei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Mengqi Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Yang Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
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16
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Sustainable Agri-Food Systems: Environment, Economy, Society, and Policy. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Agri-food systems (AFS) have been central in the debate on sustainable development. Despite this growing interest in AFS, comprehensive analyses of the scholarly literature are hard to find. Therefore, the present systematic review delineated the contours of this growing research strand and analyzed how it relates to sustainability. A search performed on the Web of Science in January 2020 yielded 1389 documents, and 1289 were selected and underwent bibliometric and topical analyses. The topical analysis was informed by the SAFA (Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture systems) approach of FAO and structured along four dimensions viz. environment, economy, society and culture, and policy and governance. The review shows an increasing interest in AFS with an exponential increase in publications number. However, the study field is north-biased and dominated by researchers and organizations from developed countries. Moreover, the analysis suggests that while environmental aspects are sufficiently addressed, social, economic, and political ones are generally overlooked. The paper ends by providing directions for future research and listing some topics to be integrated into a comprehensive, multidisciplinary agenda addressing the multifaceted (un)sustainability of AFS. It makes the case for adopting a holistic, 4-P (planet, people, profit, policy) approach in agri-food system studies.
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17
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Yan W, Chen Y, Shen N, Wang G, Wan J, Huang J. The influence of a stepwise pH increase on volatile fatty acids production and phosphorus release during Al-waste activated sludge fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124276. [PMID: 33099157 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the performance of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production and phosphorus (P) release during Al-waste activated sludge (Al-WAS) anaerobic fermentation with stepwise pH increases from 8 to 11 was investigated via a long-term acclimation strategy. As results, VFAs concentration increased with increasing pH and the maximum yield of VFAs was 358.03 mg-COD/g VS at pH 11, which was much higher than at pH 8. P was also released during the process, and the P concentration increased gradually from 26 mg/L at pH 8 to 186 mg/L at pH 11, accounting for 35.8% of the total P in the Al-WAS. The P distribution results demonstrated the dissolution of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) and organic P in the sludge contributed to release P into the liquid at pH 8, 9, and 10, while inorganic P release originated from the dissolution of NAIP at pH 11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yan
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Shen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Wan
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Huang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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Rothwell S, Doody D, Johnston C, Forber K, Cencic O, Rechberger H, Withers P. Phosphorus stocks and flows in an intensive livestock dominated food system. RESOURCES, CONSERVATION, AND RECYCLING 2020; 163:105065. [PMID: 33273754 PMCID: PMC7534034 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Current use and management of phosphorus (P) in our food systems is considered unsustainable and considerable improvements in the efficiency of P use are required to mitigate the environmental impact of poor P stewardship. The inherent low P use efficiency of food production from animals means food systems dominated by livestock agriculture can pose unique challenges for improving P management. This paper presents the results of a substance flow analysis for P in the Northern Ireland (NI) food system for the year 2017 as a case study for examining P stewardship in a livestock dominated agricultural system. Imported livestock feed was by far the largest flow of P into the NI food system in 2017 (11,700 t ± 1300 t) and P from livestock excreta the largest internal flow of P (20,400 ± 1900t). The P contained in livestock slurries and manures alone that were returned to agricultural land exceeded total crop and grass P requirement by 20% and were the largest contributor to an annual excess soil P accumulation of 8.5 ± 1.4 kg ha-1. This current livestock driven P surplus also limits the opportunities for P circularity and reuse from other sectors within the food system, e.g. wastewater biosolids and products from food processing waste. Management of livestock P demand (livestock numbers, feed P content) or technological advancements that facilitate the processing and subsequent export of slurries and manures are therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.A. Rothwell
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - D.G. Doody
- Agri Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C. Johnston
- Agri Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - K.J. Forber
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - O. Cencic
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - H. Rechberger
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - P.J.A. Withers
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Extraction of Phosphorous from a Phosphorous-Containing Vanadium Titano-Magnetite Tailings by Direct Flotation. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8070874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, there is 1.42% P2O5 in the P-containing V-Ti magnetite tailings in Miyi Region of China, with the valuable minerals mainly including apatite, and aluminosilicate minerals as the main gangue components. The direction flotation process was used to recover phosphorous from the low-grade phosphorous-bearing V-Ti magnetite tailings. The results showed that an optimized phosphorous concentrate with a P2O5 grade of 31.35% and P2O5 recovery of 88.02% was obtained by flotation process of one roughing, three scavengings, and three cleanings under roughing conditions, which employed pulp pH of 9, grinding fineness of <0.039 mm occupying 90%, flotation concentration of 25%, and dosages of carboxymethylcellulose, oxidized paraffin wax soap, and pine oil of 400 g/t, 300 g/t, and 20 g/t, respectively. Optimized one scavenging, two scavenging, and three scavenging conditions used a pulp pH of 9, and dosages of carboxymethylcellulose, oxidized paraffin wax soap, and pine oil of 200 g/t, 150 g/t, 10 g/t; 100 g/t, 75 g/t, and 5 g/t; and 100 g/t, 75 g/t, and 5 g/t, respectively. Optimized one cleaning, two cleaning, and three cleaning condition dosages of carboxymethylcellulose of 100 g/t, 50 g/t, and 25 g/t, respectively. Study of analysis and characterization of phosphorous concentrate by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) show that most gangue minerals enter the flotation tailings, the main minerals in phosphorous concentrate are apatite, olivine, and feldspar.
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20
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Vaccari DA. Resilience of phosphorus cycling. NATURE FOOD 2020; 1:329. [PMID: 37128099 DOI: 10.1038/s43016-020-0103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA.
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21
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Ren Z, Yan J, Hu Q, Liu X, Pan C, Liu Y, Zhang X, Yang X, Yang X. Phosphorus Restriction Changes the Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Its Receptors in Laying Hens. Front Physiol 2020; 11:85. [PMID: 32116791 PMCID: PMC7034339 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary phosphorus oversupply wastes non-renewable natural resources and raises environmental concerns in animal agriculture. We hypothesized that laying hens do not need large safety margins for dietary phosphorus because of the existence of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In experiment 1, a total of 504 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (40-week-old) were randomly assigned to seven diets (for each diet, six replicates of 12 hens), containing 0.12, 0.17, 0.22, 0.27, 0.32, 0.37, and 0.42% non-phytate phosphorus, respectively, for 15 weeks. In experiment 2, a total of 14 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (40-week-old) were randomly assigned to two diets: (1) phosphorus restricted (n = 7) diet containing 0.14% non-phytate phosphorus, and (2) regular phosphorus (n = 7) diet containing 0.32% non-phytate phosphorus, for 21 days. Laying performance and egg quality were investigated in experiments 1 and 2. Phosphorus excretion and physiological changes were determined in experiment 2. It was found that dietary non-phytate phosphorus levels had no effects (P > 0.05) on laying performance and egg quality in either experiment. In experiment 2, laying hens fed 0.14% non-phytate phosphorus had decreased phosphorus excretion (by 52.6%, P < 0.001) when compared to those fed 0.32% non-phytate phosphorus. In response to the 0.14% non-phytate phosphorus diet, laying hens in experiment 2 exhibited: (1) suppressed calvaria mRNA expressions of FGF23 (by 57.8%, P < 0.001) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1, by 52.8%, P = 0.012), (2) decreased serum levels of FGF23 (by 41.7%, P = 0.011) and phosphorus (by 40.3%, P < 0.001), (3) decreased kidney mRNA expressions of FGFR1 (by 66.0%, P = 0.040) and FGFR4 (by 63.3%, P = 0.012) and decreased kidney protein expression of type 2a sodium-phosphorus co-transporter (NPt2a, by 51%, P = 0.025), (4) increased duodenum protein expression of NPt2b (by 45%, P = 0.032), and (5) increased excretion of calcium (by 22.9%, P ≤ 0.024). Collectively, decreasing dietary non-phytate phosphorus by up to 0.12% had no negative effects on egg-production performance but significantly decreased phosphorus excretion in laying hens. The laying hens adjusted to low-phosphorus diets by increasing intestinal NPt2b protein production, which was associated with decreased serum FGF23 concentration. Decreasing dietary non-phytate phosphorus is suggested to laying-hen nutritionists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouzheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiakun Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qianli Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinshuai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chong Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Ge X, Wang L, Zhang W, Putnis CV. Molecular Understanding of Humic Acid-Limited Phosphate Precipitation and Transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:207-215. [PMID: 31822060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability is widely assumed to be limited by the formation of metal (Ca, Fe, or Al) phosphate precipitates that are modulated by soil organic matter (SOM), but the SOM-precipitate interactions remain uncertain because of their environmental complexities. Here, we present a model system by quantifying the in situ nanoscale nucleation kinetics of calcium phosphates (Ca-Ps) on mica in environmentally relevant aqueous solutions by liquid-cell atomic force microscopy. We find that Ca-P precipitate formation is slower when humic acid (HA) concentration is higher. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy observations demonstrate that HA strongly stabilizes amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), delaying its subsequent transformation to thermodynamically more stable phases. Consistent with the formation of molecular organo-mineral bonding, dynamic force spectroscopy measurements display larger binding energies of organic ligands with certain chemical functionalities on HA to the initially formed ACP than to mica that are responsible for stabilization of ACP through stronger HA-ACP interactions. Our results provide direct evidence for the proposed importance of SOM in inhibiting Ca-P precipitation/transformation. We suggest that similar studies of binding strength in SOM-Fe/Al-P may reveal how both organic matter and metal ions control P availability and fate, and thus the eventual P management for agronomical and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfei Ge
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christine V Putnis
- Institut für Mineralogie, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia
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