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Yu Y, Wang JQ. Phthalate exposure and lung disease: the epidemiological evidences, plausible mechanism and advocacy of interventions. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2024; 39:37-45. [PMID: 36151703 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are a kind of synthetic plasticizers, which extensively used as plastic productions to improve their plasticity and flexibility. However, exposure to phthalates has been proved an increased risk of respiratory disease, because by they affect the development and functions of the lung and immune system. Here, we attempt to review respiratory health of phthalate exposure. Firstly, we describe the relationship between phthalates and lung function and airway inflammation. Then, the role of phthalates in asthma, lung cancer, rhinitis, and respiratory tract infections and the possible mechanisms of action are discussed. Finally, possible effective measures to reduce exposure to phthalates are proposed, and health care workers are called upon to provide educational resources and advocate for informed public health policies. Overall, the evidence for association between phthalate exposure and respiratory disease is weak and inconsistent. Therefore, thorough implementation in large populations is needed to produce more consistent and robust results and to enhance the overall understanding of the potential respiratory health risks of phthalate in long-term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Qing Wang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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2
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Vafaei S, Alkhrait S, Yang Q, Ali M, Al-Hendy A. Empowering Strategies for Lifestyle Interventions, Diet Modifications, and Environmental Practices for Uterine Fibroid Prevention; Unveiling the LIFE UP Awareness. Nutrients 2024; 16:807. [PMID: 38542717 PMCID: PMC10975324 DOI: 10.3390/nu16060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most common prevalent benign tumor among women of reproductive age, disproportionately affecting women of color. This paper introduces an innovative management strategy for UFs, emphasizing the curbing of disease prevention and progression. Traditionally, medical intervention is deferred until advanced stages, necessitating invasive surgeries such as hysterectomy or myomectomy, leading to high recurrence rates and increased healthcare costs. The strategy, outlined in this review, emphasizes UF disease management and is named LIFE UP awareness-standing for Lifestyle Interventions, Food Modifications, and Environmental Practices for UF Prevention. These cost-effective, safe, and accessible measures hold the potential to prevent UFs, improve overall reproductive health, reduce the need for invasive procedures, and generate substantial cost savings for both individuals and healthcare systems. This review underscores the importance of a proactive UF management method, paving the way for future research and policy initiatives in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (S.A.); (Q.Y.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (S.V.); (S.A.); (Q.Y.)
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Sieck NE, Bruening M, van Woerden I, Whisner C, Payne-Sturges DC. Effects of Behavioral, Clinical, and Policy Interventions in Reducing Human Exposure to Bisphenols and Phthalates: A Scoping Review. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:36001. [PMID: 38477609 PMCID: PMC10936218 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing interest in evidence-based interventions, programs, and policies to mitigate exposures to bisphenols and phthalates and in using implementation science frameworks to evaluate hypotheses regarding the importance of specific approaches to individual or household behavior change or institutions adopting interventions. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aimed to identify, categorize, and summarize the effects of behavioral, clinical, and policy interventions focused on exposure to the most widely used and studied bisphenols [bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF)] and phthalates with an implementation science lens. METHODS A comprehensive search of all individual behavior, clinical, and policy interventions to reduce exposure to bisphenols and phthalates was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Google Scholar. We included studies published between January 2000 and November 2022. Two reviewers screened references in CADIMA, then extracted data (population characteristics, intervention design, chemicals assessed, and outcomes) for studies meeting inclusion criteria for the present review. RESULTS A total of 58 interventions met the inclusion criteria. We classified interventions as dietary (n = 27 ), clinical (n = 13 ), policy (n = 14 ), and those falling outside of these three categories as "other" (n = 4 ). Most interventions (81%, 47/58) demonstrated a decrease in exposure to bisphenols and/or phthalates, with policy level interventions having the largest magnitude of effect. DISCUSSION Studies evaluating policy interventions that targeted the reduction of phthalates and BPA in goods and packaging showed widespread, long-term impact on decreasing exposure to bisphenols and phthalates. Clinical interventions removing bisphenol and phthalate materials from medical devices and equipment showed overall reductions in exposure biomarkers. Dietary interventions tended to lower exposure with the greatest magnitude of effect in trials where fresh foods were provided to participants. The lower exposure reductions observed in pragmatic nutrition education trials and the lack of diversity (sociodemographic backgrounds) present limitations for generalizability to all populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11760.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Sieck
- Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Meg Bruening
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Irene van Woerden
- Department of Community and Public Health, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA
| | - Corrie Whisner
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Devon C Payne-Sturges
- Institute for Applied Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Bai X, Pan K, Shoaib N, Sun X, Wu X, Zhang L. Status of phthalate esters pollution in facility agriculture across China: Spatial distribution, risk assessment, and remediation measures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168416. [PMID: 37944601 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The pervasive utilization of phthalate esters (PAEs) in plastic products has led to an emergent concern regarding the PAEs contamination in environmental matrices. However, the overall understanding of PAEs pollution in facility agriculture and its relevant risks remain limited. In this paper, the characteristics, health risks, and remediation measures of PAEs pollution in facility agriculture across China were analyzed. In general, PAEs pollution in facility agriculture soil in SWC and vegetables in SC were more serious than that in the other six regions (p < 0.05). The total level of six PAEs ranged from 0.053 to 5.663 mg·kg-1 in soil samples, nd (not detectable) to 12.540 mg·kg-1 in vegetable samples, with mean values of 0.951 mg·kg-1 and 2.458 mg·kg-1, respectively. DEHP and DnBP were dominant in both soil and vegetable samples with a total contribution of over 70 % of the six PAEs, but their concentrations were a little lower in soil samples. The PAEs concentrations of leafy, root, and fruit vegetables exhibited a descending trend. Correlation analysis revealed that the relationships between soil and vegetable PAEs concentrations remained inconclusive, lacking clear correlations. Furthermore, risk assessments indicated that the hazard quotient (HQ) for both total and individual PAEs in the vast majority of vegetable samples remained within acceptable thresholds. Meanwhile, all values for carcinogenic risks (CR) were confined within the range of 10-4. In conclusion, the study outlines remediation measures aimed at precluding and mitigating the environmental risks associated with PAEs exposure. These findings furnish a scientific foundation for the targeted assessment and judicious management of PAEs pollution within facility agriculture landscape of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Noman Shoaib
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Martin L, Zhang Y, First O, Mustieles V, Dodson R, Rosa G, Coburn-Sanderson A, Adams CD, Messerlian C. Lifestyle interventions to reduce endocrine-disrupting phthalate and phenol exposures among reproductive age men and women: A review and future steps. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107576. [PMID: 36283156 PMCID: PMC9890927 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including phthalates and phenols, are ubiquitous in both the environment and human body. A growing body of epidemiologic studies have identified concerning links between EDCs and adverse reproductive and developmental health effects. Despite consistent evidence, risk assessments and policy interventions often arrive late. This presents an urgent need to identify evidence-based interventions for implementation at both clinical and community levels to reduce EDC exposure, especially in susceptible populations. The reproductive life cycle (menarche to menopause for females and after pubertal onset for males) includes some of the most vulnerable periods to environmental exposures, such as the preconception and perinatal stages, representing a key window of opportunity to intervene and prevent unfavorable health outcomes. This review aims to synthesize and assess behavioral, dietary, and residential EDC-driven interventions to develop recommendations for subsequent, larger-scale studies that address knowledge-gaps in current interventions during the reproductive life cycle. We selected 21 primary interventions for evaluation, in addition to four supplemental interventions. Among these, accessible (web-based) educational resources, targeted replacement of (known) toxic products, and personalization of the intervention through meetings and support groups, were the most promising strategies for reducing EDC concentrations. However, we document a paucity of interventions to prevent phthalate and phenol exposures during the reproductive years, especially among men. Accordingly, we recommend additional, larger clinical and community-based intervention studies to reduce EDC exposure. Specifically, future intervention studies should focus on short-term, mid-, and long-term exposure reduction to phthalates and phenols. The latter, especially, is required for the development of clinical and public health guidelines to promote reproductive and developmental health globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Martin
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Heath, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Heath, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia First
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Heath, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vicente Mustieles
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Heath, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Gabriela Rosa
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayanna Coburn-Sanderson
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charleen D Adams
- Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmen Messerlian
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Heath, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston, MA, USA.
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Gaynor JW, Burnham NB, Ittenbach RF, Gerdes M, Bernbaum JC, Zackai E, Licht DJ, Russell WW, Zullo EE, Miller T, Hakonarson H, Clarke KA, Jarvik GP, Calafat AM, Bradman A, Bellinger DC, Henretig FM, Coker ES. Childhood exposures to environmental chemicals and neurodevelopmental outcomes in congenital heart disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277611. [PMID: 36395323 PMCID: PMC9671412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with congenital heart defects have an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disability. The impact of environmental chemical exposures during daily life on neurodevelopmental outcomes in toddlers with congenital heart defects is unknown. METHODS This prospective study investigated the impacts of early childhood exposure to mixtures of environmental chemicals on neurodevelopmental outcomes after cardiac surgery. Outcomes were assessed at 18 months of age using The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III. Urinary concentrations of exposure biomarkers of pesticides, phenols, parabens, and phthalates, and blood levels of lead, mercury, and nicotine were measured at the same time point. Bayesian profile regression and weighted quantile sum regression were utilized to assess associations between mixtures of biomarkers and neurodevelopmental scores. RESULTS One-hundred and forty infants were enrolled, and 110 (79%) returned at 18 months of age. Six biomarker exposure clusters were identified from the Bayesian profile regression analysis; and the pattern was driven by 15 of the 30 biomarkers, most notably 13 phthalate biomarkers. Children in the highest exposure cluster had significantly lower adjusted language scores by -9.41 points (95%CI: -17.2, -1.7) and adjusted motor scores by -4.9 points (-9.5, -0.4) compared to the lowest exposure. Weighted quantile sum regression modeling for the overall exposure-response relationship showed a significantly lower adjusted motor score (β = -2.8 points [2.5th and 97.5th percentile: -6.0, -0.6]). The weighted quantile sum regression index weights for several phthalates, one paraben, and one phenol suggest their relevance for poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Like other children, infants with congenital heart defects are exposed to complex mixtures of environmental chemicals in daily life. Higher exposure biomarker concentrations were associated with significantly worse performance for language and motor skills in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. William Gaynor
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nancy B. Burnham
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Richard F. Ittenbach
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Marsha Gerdes
- Department of Psychology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Judy C. Bernbaum
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Elaine Zackai
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Licht
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - William W. Russell
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Erin E. Zullo
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Miller
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, United States of America
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Kayan A. Clarke
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Gail P. Jarvik
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Medical Genetics) and Genome Sciences, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Asa Bradman
- Department of Public Health, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, United States of America
| | - David C. Bellinger
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA and Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Frederick M. Henretig
- Emergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric S. Coker
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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Rousseau M, Rouzeau C, Bainvel J, Pelé F. Domestic Exposure to Chemicals in Household Products, Building Materials, Decoration, and Pesticides: Guidelines for Interventions During the Perinatal Period from the French National College of Midwives. J Midwifery Womens Health 2022; 67 Suppl 1:S113-S134. [PMID: 36480667 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We are exposed to numerous pollutants inside our homes. The perinatal period represents a particular window of vulnerability during which these exposures can have negative health effects over a more or less long term. The objective of this article is to formulate guidelines for health care professionals and intended for parents to reduce exposure to chemical pollutants at home, based on the scientific literature and already existing guidelines. METHODS We have followed the methodological procedures set forth by the French authority for health (HAS) to establish guidelines to limit exposure to pollutants in homes. This narrative review of the scientific literature was conducted with two principal objectives: (1) to identify priority substances emitted within homes and that have a reprotoxic potential and (2) to identify measures to limit exposure to these residential pollutants. The guidelines were developed from the data in the literature and from advice already made available by diverse institutions about environmental health during the perinatal period. RESULTS Domestic pollutants are numerous and come from both common (that is, shared, eg, painting, cleaning, and maintenance work) and specific (use of household pesticides) sources. Numerous pollutants are suspected or known to produce developmental toxicity, that is, to be toxic to children during developmental stages. Removing some products from the home, protecting the vulnerable (ie, pregnant women and young children) from exposure, and airing the home are among the preventive measures proposed to limit exposure to these chemical substances. CONCLUSION Health care professionals can provide advice to parents during the perinatal period to diminish exposure to household pollutants. The lack of interventional studies nonetheless limits the level of evidence for most of these recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélie Rousseau
- Association pour la Prévention de la Pollution Atmosphérique (APPA), Loos, France
| | - Camille Rouzeau
- Département de médecine générale, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Justine Bainvel
- Département de médecine générale, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Fabienne Pelé
- Département de médecine générale, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 (Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes), Rennes, F-35000, France
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8
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Corbett GA, Lee S, Woodruff TJ, Hanson M, Hod M, Charlesworth AM, Giudice L, Conry J, McAuliffe FM. Nutritional interventions to ameliorate the effect of endocrine disruptors on human reproductive health: A semi-structured review from FIGO. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2022; 157:489-501. [PMID: 35122246 PMCID: PMC9305939 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Endocrine disrupting chemicals have harmful effects on reproductive, perinatal, and obstetric outcomes. Objective To analyze the evidence on nutritional interventions to reduce the negative effects of endocrine disruptors on reproductive, perinatal, and obstetric outcomes. Search strategy A search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database was conducted from inception to May 2021. Selection criteria Experimental studies on human populations. Data collection and analysis Data were collected from eligible studies. Risk of bias assessment was completed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the ROBINS‐I Tool. Results Database searches yielded 15 362 articles. Removing 11 181 duplicates, 4181 articles underwent abstract screening, 26 articles were eligible for full manuscript review, and 16 met full inclusion criteria. Several interventions were found to be effective in reducing exposure to endocrine disruptors: avoidance of plastic containers, bottles, and packaging; avoidance of canned food/beverages; consumption of fresh and organic food; avoidance of fast/processed foods; and supplementation with vitamin C, iodine, and folic acid. There were some interventional studies examining therapies to improve clinical outcomes related to endocrine disruptors. Conclusion Dietary alterations can reduce exposure to endocrine disruptors, with limited data on interventions to improve endocrine‐disruptor–related clinical outcomes. This review provides useful instruction to women, their families, healthcare providers, and regulatory bodies. Nutritional interventions shown to reduce exposure to endocrine disruptors include avoidance of canned/processed or plastic‐packaged foods. Consumption of fresh/organic foods and vitamin C, iodine, and folic acid also reduce exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian A Corbett
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sadhbh Lee
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tracey J Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and Environment, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark Hanson
- International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Committee on Impact of Pregnancy on Long-term Health.,Institute of Developmental Sciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Moshe Hod
- International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Committee on Impact of Pregnancy on Long-term Health.,Mor Comprehensive Women's Health Care Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anne Marie Charlesworth
- Program on Reproductive Health and Environment, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Linda Giudice
- International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Committee on Climate Change and Toxic Environmental Exposures.,Centre for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeanne Conry
- Environmental Health and Leadership Foundation, United States
| | - Fionnuala M McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Committee on Impact of Pregnancy on Long-term Health
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Braun JM, Sears CG. Invited Perspective: How Can Studies of Chemical Mixtures and Human Health Guide Interventions and Policy? ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:111304. [PMID: 34817288 PMCID: PMC8612234 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Clara G. Sears
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Brehm E, Flaws JA. Prenatal exposure to a mixture of phthalates accelerates the age-related decline in reproductive capacity but may not affect direct biomarkers of ovarian aging in the F1 generation of female mice. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2021; 7:dvab010. [PMID: 34707890 PMCID: PMC8543146 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are used in many consumer products, leading to daily human exposure. Although many studies focus on single phthalates, humans are exposed to mixtures of phthalates. Our laboratory created a phthalate mixture consisting of six different phthalates and found that it negatively affected female reproduction and accelerated some biomarkers of reproductive aging. However, it was unknown if prenatal exposure to the mixture accelerates the natural decline in reproductive capacity and ovarian aging in mice. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to a phthalate mixture accelerates the age-related decline in reproductive capacity and biomarkers of ovarian aging in the F1 generation of mice. Pregnant CD-1 dams were orally dosed with control or phthalate mixture (20 µg/kg/day-200 mg/kg/day) daily from gestational day 10-birth. The F1 female pups were aged to 11-13 months, and then estrous cyclicity and breeding trials were conducted at 11 and 13 months. Ovaries were collected from the F1 females at 13 months to examine biomarkers of ovarian aging. Prenatal exposure to the phthalate mixture decreased the time the F1 females spent in proestrus and the ability of the F1 females to give birth at 11 and 13 months of age compared to control. In contrast, prenatal exposure to the mixture did not affect biomarkers of direct aging of the ovary in the F1 generation. Collectively, our data show that prenatal phthalate mixture exposure accelerates the natural age-related decline in reproductive capacity but may not affect some biomarkers of ovarian aging in the F1 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave. Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave. Urbana, IL 61802, USA
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11
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Kim JH, Kwak JM, Kang H. Web-based behavioral intervention to reduce exposure to phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, triclosan, and parabens in mothers with young children: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 236:113798. [PMID: 34186503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a web-based behavioral intervention was designed, which aimed to reduce exposure to phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, triclosan, and parabens in mothers with young children. A randomized controlled design with two groups was used to verify the effects of the intervention pre- and post-test. In total, 51 mothers participated in the study, categorizing 26 and 25 in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The web-based behavioral intervention focused on changes in diet, personal care products, and health behavior and reinforced behavior through encouragement. This program included an educational video, a game for locating endocrine disruptors at home, a method for locating facilities potentially emitting endocrine disruptors, resources, and a questions and answers mode. Data were collected from May 18 to June 30, 2020. Participants allocated to the intervention group were provided access to the behavioral intervention website via a computer or smartphone. Participants allocated to the control group were sent written information about endocrine disruptors via mail. For both the intervention and control groups, questionnaire results and maternal urine samples were assessed at baseline, during the intervention, and after one month. After the intervention, the urinary concentrations of mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), bisphenol A (BPA), methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), and propylparaben (PP) were found to be significantly decreased in the intervention group. Compared with the control group, the intervention group showed significantly decreased urinary geometric mean values of MEHP, MEOHP, BPA, MP, and PP after one month compared with those during the intervention (3.8%, 16.3%, 28.4%, 9.2%, and 24.4%, respectively). Hence, the web-based behavioral intervention was effective at reducing the exposure to endocrine disruptors in mothers with young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Jung Min Kwak
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
| | - Hyunjin Kang
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, South Korea.
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Zeng LJ, Huang YH, Chen XT, Chen XH, Mo CH, Feng YX, Lü H, Xiang L, Li YW, Li H, Cai QY, Wong MH. Prevalent phthalates in air-soil-vegetable systems of plastic greenhouses in a subtropical city and health risk assessments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140755. [PMID: 32758841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wide use of plastic greenhouses for vegetable production increases human exposure to phthalate (PAEs) through vegetable intake. However, little information is available about distribution of PAEs in air-soil-vegetable systems of plastic greenhouses and PAE estrogenic effects. This study was designed to investigate PAE distributions and corresponding health risk in plastic greenhouses in Guangzhou, a subtropical city in South China. PAEs were prevalent in plastic greenhouses, with sum concentrations of 16 PAE compounds (∑16PAEs) up to 5.76 mg/kg in soils, 5.27 mg/kg in vegetables and 4393 ng/m3 in air. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate were predominant compounds. Average concentrations and bioconcentration factor of ∑16PAEs and the predominant PAE compounds in vegetables of greenhouses were higher than those of open fields. Plastic greenhouses exhibited significantly higher air PAE levels than those of open fields due to higher indoor temperature, which enhanced PAE accumulation by vegetables. Both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of PAEs via dietary and non-dietary exposures for farmers decreased with an order of vegetable > air > soil. Consumption of vegetables from greenhouses resulted in significantly higher estrogenic effects compared to those from open field cultivation. This study emphasizes highly potential health risks of PAEs in air-soil-vegetable systems of plastic greenhouses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Xi Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huixiong Lü
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
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