1
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Xie D. Rational Design and Targeted Synthesis of Small-Pore Zeolites with the Assistance of Molecular Modeling, Structural Analysis, and Synthetic Chemistry. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xie
- Chevron Technical Center, 100 Chevron Way, Richmond, California 94801, United States
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2
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Raman G. Study of the Relationship between Synthesis Descriptors and the Type of Zeolite Phase Formed in ZSM‐43 Synthesis by Using Machine Learning. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raman
- Reliance Research & Development Center Reliance Corporate Park, Reliance Industries Limited Thane-Belapur Road, Ghansoli Navi Mumbai India 400701
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3
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Kapaca E, Jiang J, Cho J, Jordá JL, Díaz-Cabañas MJ, Zou X, Corma A, Willhammar T. Synthesis and Structure of a 22 × 12 × 12 Extra-Large Pore Zeolite ITQ-56 Determined by 3D Electron Diffraction. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8713-8719. [PMID: 34077189 PMCID: PMC8213054 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A multidimensional extra-large pore germanosilicate, denoted ITQ-56, has been synthesized by using modified memantine as an organic structure-directing agent. ITQ-56 crystallizes as plate-like nanocrystals. Its structure was determined by 3D electron diffraction/MicroED. The structure of ITQ-56 contains extra-large 22-ring channels intersecting with straight 12-ring channels. ITQ-56 is the first zeolite with 22-ring pores, which is a result of ordered vacancies of double 4-ring (d4r) units in a fully connected zeolite framework. The framework density is as low as 12.4 T atoms/1000 Å3. The discovery of the ITQ-56 structure not only fills the missing member of extra-large pore zeolite with 22-ring channels but also creates a new approach of making extra-large pore zeolites by introducing ordered vacancies in zeolite frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kapaca
- Berzelii
Centre EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiuxing Jiang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of
Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jung Cho
- Berzelii
Centre EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José L. Jordá
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María J. Díaz-Cabañas
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Berzelii
Centre EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Avelino Corma
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Berzelii
Centre EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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4
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Huang Z, Willhammar T, Zou X. Three-dimensional electron diffraction for porous crystalline materials: structural determination and beyond. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1206-1219. [PMID: 34163882 PMCID: PMC8179196 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05731b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous crystalline materials such as zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted great interest due to their well-defined pore structures in molecular dimensions. Knowing the atomic structures of porous materials is crucial for understanding their properties and exploring their applications. Many porous materials are synthesized as polycrystalline powders, which are too small for structure determination by X-ray diffraction. Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) has been developed for studying such materials. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent developments of 3DED methods and demonstrate how 3DED revolutionized structural analysis of zeolites, MOFs, and COFs. Zeolites and MOFs whose structures remained unknown for decades could be solved. New approaches for design and targeted synthesis of novel zeolites could be developed. Moreover, we discuss the advances of structural analysis by 3DED in revealing the unique structural features and properties, such as heteroatom distributions, mixed-metal frameworks, structural flexibility, guest-host interactions, and structure transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Huang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Tom Willhammar
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University Stockholm SE-106 91 Sweden
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5
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Clayson IG, Hewitt D, Hutereau M, Pope T, Slater B. High Throughput Methods in the Synthesis, Characterization, and Optimization of Porous Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002780. [PMID: 32954550 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Porous materials are widely employed in a large range of applications, in particular, for storage, separation, and catalysis of fine chemicals. Synthesis, characterization, and pre- and post-synthetic computer simulations are mostly carried out in a piecemeal and ad hoc manner. Whilst high throughput approaches have been used for more than 30 years in the porous material fields, routine integration of experimental and computational processes is only now becoming more established. Herein, important developments are highlighted and emerging challenges for the community identified, including the need to work toward more integrated workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan G Clayson
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Daniel Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Martin Hutereau
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tom Pope
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ben Slater
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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6
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Gemmi M, Mugnaioli E, Gorelik TE, Kolb U, Palatinus L, Boullay P, Hovmöller S, Abrahams JP. 3D Electron Diffraction: The Nanocrystallography Revolution. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:1315-1329. [PMID: 31482114 PMCID: PMC6716134 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crystallography of nanocrystalline materials has witnessed a true revolution in the past 10 years, thanks to the introduction of protocols for 3D acquisition and analysis of electron diffraction data. This method provides single-crystal data of structure solution and refinement quality, allowing the atomic structure determination of those materials that remained hitherto unknown because of their limited crystallinity. Several experimental protocols exist, which share the common idea of sampling a sequence of diffraction patterns while the crystal is tilted around a noncrystallographic axis, namely, the goniometer axis of the transmission electron microscope sample stage. This Outlook reviews most important 3D electron diffraction applications for different kinds of samples and problematics, related with both materials and life sciences. Structure refinement including dynamical scattering is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gemmi
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Mugnaioli
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tatiana E. Gorelik
- University
of Ulm, Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy
Group of Materials Science (EMMS), Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ute Kolb
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institut
für Angewandte Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 9, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lukas Palatinus
- Department
of Structure Analysis, Institute of Physics
of the CAS, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czechia
| | - Philippe Boullay
- CRISMAT,
Normandie Université, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS UMR 6508, 6 Bd Maréchal Juin, F-14050 Cedex Caen, France
| | - Sven Hovmöller
- Inorganic
and Structural Chemistry, Department of Materials and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Pieter Abrahams
- Center
for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics (C−CINA), Biozentrum, Basel University, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Department
of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer
Institut (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Leiden
Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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7
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Kearsey RJ, Alston BM, Briggs ME, Greenaway RL, Cooper AI. Accelerated robotic discovery of type II porous liquids. Chem Sci 2019; 10:9454-9465. [PMID: 32110304 PMCID: PMC7017875 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03316e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
High-throughput automation was used to streamline the synthesis, characterisation, and solubility testing, of new Type II porous liquids, accelerating their discovery.
Porous liquids are an emerging class of materials and to date little is known about how to best design their properties. For example, bulky solvents are required that are size-excluded from the pores in the liquid, along with high concentrations of the porous component, but both of these factors may also contribute to higher viscosities, which are undesirable. Hence, the inherent multivariate nature of porous liquids makes them amenable to high-throughput optimisation strategies. Here we develop a high-throughput robotic workflow, encompassing the synthesis, characterisation and property testing of highly-soluble, vertex-disordered porous organic cages dissolved in a range of cavity-excluded solvents. As a result, we identified 29 cage–solvent combinations that combine both higher cage-cavity concentrations and more acceptable carrier solvents than the best previous examples. The most soluble materials gave three times the pore concentration of the best previously reported scrambled cage porous liquid, as demonstrated by increased gas uptake. We were also able to explore alternative methods for gas capture and release, including liberation of the gas by increasing the temperature. We also found that porous liquids can form gels at higher concentrations, trapping the gas in the pores, which could have potential applications in gas storage and transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Kearsey
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Crown Street , Liverpool , L69 7ZD , UK . ;
| | - Ben M Alston
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Crown Street , Liverpool , L69 7ZD , UK . ;
| | - Michael E Briggs
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Crown Street , Liverpool , L69 7ZD , UK . ;
| | - Rebecca L Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Crown Street , Liverpool , L69 7ZD , UK . ;
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory , University of Liverpool , Crown Street , Liverpool , L69 7ZD , UK . ;
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8
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Guo P, Afeworki M, Cao G, Yun Y, Sun J, Su J, Wan W, Zou X. Synthesis and Structure of a Layered Fluoroaluminophosphate and Its Transformation to a Three-Dimensional Zeotype Framework. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11753-11760. [PMID: 30156401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional zeolitic materials have drawn increasing attention because of their structural diversity, high accessible surface areas, and potential as precursors to form novel three-dimensional (3D) structures. Here we report a new layered fluoroaluminophosphate, denoted as EMM-9 (ExxonMobil Material #9), synthesized in the same synthesis system as that for a previously reported 3D framework structure EMM-8 (framework-type code: SFO) using an F- medium and 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) as the organic structure-directing agent. The structure of EMM-9 was solved from rotation electron diffraction data and refined against synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. The fluoroaluminophosphate layer of EMM-9 is composed of sti composite building units. The DMAP cations are located between the layers. π-π interactions between the DMAP cations and hydrogen bonding between the DMAP cations and layers were identified. The layered EMM-9 structure is closely related to the 3D framework structure of EMM-8 and can be transformed to EMM-8 by calcination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-106 91 , Sweden.,National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
| | | | | | - Yifeng Yun
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Junliang Sun
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Jie Su
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Wei Wan
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-106 91 , Sweden
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous Materials, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-106 91 , Sweden
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9
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Wang Y, Yang T, Xu H, Zou X, Wan W. On the quality of the continuous rotation electron diffraction data for accurate atomic structure determination of inorganic compounds. J Appl Crystallogr 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576718007604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED) method has the capability of providing fast three-dimensional electron diffraction data collection on existing and future transmission electron microscopes; unknown structures could be potentially solved and refined using cRED data collected from nano- and submicrometre-sized crystals. However, structure refinements of cRED data using SHELXL often lead to relatively high R1 values when compared with those refined against single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. It is therefore necessary to analyse the quality of the structural models refined against cRED data. In this work, multiple cRED data sets collected from different crystals of an oxofluoride (FeSeO3F) and a zeolite (ZSM-5) with known structures are used to assess the data consistency and quality and, more importantly, the accuracy of the structural models refined against these data sets. An evaluation of the precision and consistency of the cRED data by examination of the statistics obtained from the data processing software DIALS is presented. It is shown that, despite the high R1 values caused by dynamical scattering and other factors, the refined atomic positions obtained from the cRED data collected for different crystals are consistent with those of the reference models refined against single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The results serve as a reference for the quality of the cRED data and the achievable accuracy of the structural parameters.
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10
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Wan W, Su J, Zou XD, Willhammar T. Transmission electron microscopy as an important tool for characterization of zeolite structures. Inorg Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi00806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review presents various TEM techniques including electron diffraction, high-resolution TEM and scanning TEM imaging, and electron tomography and their applications for structure characterization of zeolite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wan
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Su
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - X. D. Zou
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - T. Willhammar
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
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