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Li X, Du X, Zhou R, Lian J, Guo X, Tang Z. Effect of cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics on the growth, antioxidant content, ionome, and metabolism of dandelion seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 354:124188. [PMID: 38776992 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium is the most prevalent heavy metal pollutant in the environment and can be readily combined with micro/nanoplastics (M/NPs) to change their bioavailability. In the present study, we comprehensively investigated the effect of polystyrene (PS) NPs on dandelion plants grown under Cd stress. Cd exposure significantly inhibited the growth of dandelion seedlings, resulting in a decrease in seedling elongation from 26.47% to 28.83%, a reduction in biomass from 29.76% to 54.14%, and an exacerbation of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. The interaction between PS NPs and Cd resulted in the formation of larger aggregates, with the Cd bioavailability reduced by 12.56%. PS NPs affect ion absorption by regulating reactive oxygen production and increasing superoxide dismutase activity, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of Cd. PSCd aggregates induced significant changes in the metabolic profiles of dandelions, affecting various carbohydrates related to alcohols, organic acids, sugar metabolism, and bioactive components related to flavonoids and phenolic acids. Furthermore, based on a structural equation model, exposure to PSCd activated oxidative stress and nutrient absorption, thereby affecting plant growth and Cd accumulation. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the effects of PS NPs on Cd bioavailability, accumulation, and plant growth, which are crucial for understanding the food safety of medicinal plants in a coexistence environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xinyi Du
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ranran Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiapan Lian
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaorui Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
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Shi R, Liu W, Liu J, Zeb A, Wang Q, Wang J, Li J, Yu M, Ali N, An J. Earthworms improve the rhizosphere micro-environment to mitigate the toxicity of microplastics to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134578. [PMID: 38743971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are widespread in agricultural soil, potentially threatening soil environmental quality and plant growth. However, toxicological research on MPs has mainly been limited to individual components (such as plants, microbes, and animals), without considering their interactions. Here, we examined earthworm-mediated effects on tomato growth and the rhizosphere micro-environment under MPs contamination. Earthworms (Eisenia fetida) mitigated the growth-inhibiting effect of MPs on tomato plant. Particularly, when exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (ERC, 0.02% w/w) of MPs, the addition of earthworms significantly (p < 0.05) increased shoot and root dry weight by 12-13% and 13-14%, respectively. MPs significantly reduced (p < 0.05) soil ammonium (NH4+-N) (0.55-0.69 mg/kg), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) (7.02-8.65 mg/kg) contents, and N cycle related enzyme activities (33.47-42.39 μg/h/g) by 37.7-50.9%, 22.6-37.2%, and 34.2-48.0%, respectively, while earthworms significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) inorganic N mineralization and bioavailability. Furthermore, earthworms increased bacterial network complexity, thereby enhancing the robustness of the bacterial system to resist soil MPs stress. Meanwhile, partial least squares modelling showed that earthworms significantly influenced (p < 0.01) soil nutrients, which in turn significantly affected (p < 0.01) plant growth. Therefore, the comprehensive consideration of soil ecological composition is important for assessing MPs ecological risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weitao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Jinzheng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Aurang Zeb
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jianling Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jiantao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Miao Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Nouman Ali
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jing An
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Sigala-Aguilar NA, López MG, Fernández-Luqueño F. Carbon-based nanomaterials as inducers of biocompounds in plants: Potential risks and perspectives. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108753. [PMID: 38781637 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Biocompounds are metabolites synthesized by plants, with clinically proven capacity in preventing and treating degenerative diseases in humans. Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) are atomic structures that assume different hybridization and shape. Due to the reactive property, CNMs can induce the synthesis of metabolites, such as biocompounds in cells and various plant species, by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). In response, plants positively or negatively regulate the expression of various families of genes and enzymes involved in physiological and metabolomic pathways of plants, such as carbon and nitrogen metabolism, which are directly involved in plant development and growth. Likewise, ROS can modulate the expression of enzymes and genes related to the adaptation of plants to stress, such as the glutathione ascorbate cycle, the shikimic acid, and phenylpropanoid pathways, from which the largest amount of biocompounds in plants are derived. This document exposes the ability of three CNMs (fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotubes) to positively or negatively regulate the activity of enzymes and genes involved in various plant species' primary and secondary metabolism. The mechanism of action of CNMs on the production of biocompounds and the effect of the translocation of CNMs on the growth and content of primary metabolites in plants are described. Adverse effects of CNMs on plants, prospects, and possible risks involved are also discussed. The use of CNMs as inducers of biocompounds in plants could have implications and relevance for human health, crop quality, and plant adaptation and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayelli Azucena Sigala-Aguilar
- Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Programs, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the IPN, Saltillo, 25900, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Mercedes G López
- Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the IPN, Irapuato, 36824, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| | - Fabián Fernández-Luqueño
- Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy Programs, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the IPN, Saltillo, 25900, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Yang X, Feng K, Wang G, Zhang S, Zhao J, Yuan X, Ren J. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles alleviates polystyrene nanoplastics induced growth inhibition by modulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism via melatonin signaling in maize. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:262. [PMID: 38760823 PMCID: PMC11100085 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoplastics, are emerging pollutants, present a potential hazard to food security and human health. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO2), serving as nano-fertilizer in agriculture, may be important in alleviating polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) toxicity. RESULTS Here, we performed transcriptomic, metabolomic and physiological analyzes to identify the role of Nano-TiO2 in regulating the metabolic processes in PSNPs-stressed maize seedlings (Zea mays L.). The growth inhibition by PSNPs stress was partially relieved by Nano-TiO2. Furthermore, when considering the outcomes obtained from RNA-seq, enzyme activity, and metabolite content analyses, it becomes evident that Nano-TiO2 significantly enhance carbon and nitrogen metabolism levels in plants. In comparison to plants that were not subjected to Nano-TiO2, plants exposed to Nano-TiO2 exhibited enhanced capabilities in maintaining higher rates of photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, nitrogen assimilation, and protein synthesis under stressful conditions. Meanwhile, Nano-TiO2 alleviated the oxidative damage by modulating the antioxidant systems. Interestingly, we also found that Nano-TiO2 significantly enhanced the endogenous melatonin levels in maize seedlings. P-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA, a melatonin synthesis inhibitor) declined Nano-TiO2-induced PSNPs tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data show that melatonin is involved in Nano-TiO2-induced growth promotion in maize through the regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Feng
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China
| | - Guo Wang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China
| | - Shifang Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jianhong Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030800, Shanxi, China.
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5
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Wani AK, Khan Z, Sena S, Akhtar N, Alreshdi MA, Yadav KK, Alkahtani AM, Wani AW, Rahayu F, Tafakresnanto C, Latifah E, Hariyono B, Arifin Z, Eltayeb LB. Carbon nanotubes in plant dynamics: Unravelling multifaceted roles and phytotoxic implications. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108628. [PMID: 38636256 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as a promising frontier in plant science owing to their unique physicochemical properties and versatile applications. CNTs enhance stress tolerance by improving water dynamics and nutrient uptake and activating defence mechanisms against abiotic and biotic stresses. They can be taken up by roots and translocated within the plant, impacting water retention, nutrient assimilation, and photosynthesis. CNTs have shown promise in modulating plant-microbe interactions, influencing symbiotic relationships and mitigating the detrimental effects of phytopathogens. CNTs have demonstrated the ability to modulate gene expression in plants, offering a powerful tool for targeted genetic modifications. The integration of CNTs as sensing elements in plants has opened new avenues for real-time monitoring of environmental conditions and early detection of stress-induced changes. In the realm of agrochemicals, CNTs have been explored for their potential as carriers for targeted delivery of nutrients, pesticides, and other bioactive compounds. CNTs have the potential to demonstrate phytotoxic effects, detrimentally influencing both the growth and developmental processes of plants. Phytotoxicity is characterized by induction of oxidative stress, impairment of cellular integrity, disruption of photosynthetic processes, perturbation of nutrient homeostasis, and alterations in gene expression. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the multifaceted roles of CNTs in plant physiology, emphasizing their potential applications and addressing the existing challenges in translating this knowledge into sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Zehra Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, 45142 Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saikat Sena
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, 144411, Punjab, India
| | | | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal, 4620044, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah, 64001, Iraq
| | - Abdullah M Alkahtani
- Department of Microbiology & Clinical Parasitology College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ab Waheed Wani
- Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Farida Rahayu
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Chendy Tafakresnanto
- Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Evy Latifah
- Research Center for Horticulture, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Budi Hariyono
- Research Center for Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research Innovation Agenc (BRIN), Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Zainal Arifin
- Research Center for Horticulture, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Lienda Bashier Eltayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University-Al-Kharj, 11942, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Li P, Xia Y, Song K, Liu D. The Impact of Nanomaterials on Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Mechanisms in Gramineae Plants: Research Progress and Future Prospects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:984. [PMID: 38611512 PMCID: PMC11013062 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
As global food security faces challenges, enhancing crop yield and stress resistance becomes imperative. This study comprehensively explores the impact of nanomaterials (NMs) on Gramineae plants, with a focus on the effects of various types of nanoparticles, such as iron-based, titanium-containing, zinc, and copper nanoparticles, on plant photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity. We found that the effects of nanoparticles largely depend on their chemical properties, particle size, concentration, and the species and developmental stage of the plant. Under appropriate conditions, specific NMs can promote the root development of Gramineae plants, enhance photosynthesis, and increase chlorophyll content. Notably, iron-based and titanium-containing nanoparticles show significant effects in promoting chlorophyll synthesis and plant growth. However, the impact of nanoparticles on oxidative stress is complex. Under certain conditions, nanoparticles can enhance plants' antioxidant enzyme activity, improving their ability to withstand environmental stresses; excessive or inappropriate NMs may cause oxidative stress, affecting plant growth and development. Copper nanoparticles, in particular, exhibit this dual nature, being beneficial at low concentrations but potentially harmful at high concentrations. This study provides a theoretical basis for the future development of nanofertilizers aimed at precisely targeting Gramineae plants to enhance their antioxidant stress capacity and improve photosynthesis efficiency. We emphasize the importance of balancing the agricultural advantages of nanotechnology with environmental safety in practical applications. Future research should focus on a deeper understanding of the interaction mechanisms between more NMs and plants and explore strategies to reduce potential environmental impacts to ensure the health and sustainability of the ecosystem while enhancing the yield and quality of Gramineae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kai Song
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.)
| | - Duo Liu
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.)
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Wang S, Wang X, Liu Y, Sun G, Kong D, Guo W, Sun H. Regulatory effect of graphene on growth and carbon/nitrogen metabolism of maize (Zea mays L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1572-1582. [PMID: 37819595 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leakage of graphene into the environment has resulted from its increasing use. Although the impact of graphene on ecosystems is already in full swing, information regarding its impact on plants is lacking. In particular, the effects of graphene on plant growth and development vary, and basic information on the regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolism is missing. In the current study, the way in which graphene (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 g kg-1 ) affects maize seedlings was studied in terms of morphological and biochemical indicators. The purpose of this study was to understand better how graphene regulates plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism and to understand its interactions with leaf structure and plant growth. RESULTS The results showed that 50 g kg-1 graphene increased plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and dry weight; however, this was inhibited by the high level of graphene (200 g kg-1 ). Further studies indicated that different concentrations of graphene could increase leaf thickness and vascular bundle area as well as the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of leaves; 25 and 50 g kg-1 graphene enhanced the leaves stomatal conductance (Cond), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci), and chlorophyll content. Higher concentrations decreased the above indicators. At 50 g kg-1 , graphene increased the activity of carbon/nitrogen metabolism enzymes by increasing carbon metabolites (fructose, sucrose, and soluble sugars) and soluble proteins (nitrogen metabolites). These enzymes included sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT). CONCLUSION These results indicate that graphene can regulate the activities of key enzymes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism effectively and supplement nitrogen metabolism through substances produced by carbon metabolism by improving photosynthetic efficiency, thus maintaining the balance between carbon and nitrogen and promoting plant growth and development. The relationship between these indexes explained the mechanism by which graphene supported the growth of maize seedlings by enhancing photosynthetic carbon metabolism and maintaining metabolic balance. For maize seedling growth, graphene treatment with 50 g kg-1 soil is recommended. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Wang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Guangxu Sun
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Deyong Kong
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture in Northeast Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, Daqing, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, China
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Meng F, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yang X, Yang H. Improving maize carbon and nitrogen metabolic pathways and yield with nitrogen application rate and nitrogen forms. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16548. [PMID: 38188156 PMCID: PMC10768660 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Reduced fertilizer efficiency caused by excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is a major problem in agriculture and a hot topic of research. Most studies have focused on the effect of N application rate on N efficiency, whereas there are limited studies on changing the N form to improve N yield and efficiency. Here, the effects of different N application rates and nitrate-to-ammonium N ratios on post-anthesis carbon (C) and N metabolism and maize yield under shallow-buried drip irrigation were investigated. Two rates of N application (210 kg·ha-1 (NA1) and 300 kg·ha-1 (NA2)) and three nitrate-to-ammonium N ratios (2:1 (NF1), 3:1 (NF2), and 4:1 (NF3)) were utilized. Post-anthesis photosynthetic characteristics, activities of key enzymes in photosynthetic C and N metabolism, nonstructural carbohydrate content, post-anthesis N accumulation and transportation, yield, and N-use efficiency were determined. At both N application rates, NF2 treatment enhanced photosynthetic activity in the ear-leaf at silking stage and promoted key enzyme activities of C and N metabolic pathways, compared with NF1 and NF3. Furthermore, NF2 significantly increased nonstructural carbohydrate accumulation (4.00-64.71%), post-anthesis N accumulation and transportation (11.00-38.00%), and grain yield (2.60-13.08%). No significant differences between NA1 and NA2 were observed under NF2 in most of the measured variables; however, NA1 had higher N-use efficiency. Thus, the optimal treatment under shallow-buried drip irrigation was a N application rate of 210 kg ha-1 and a nitrate-to-ammonium N ratio of 3:1. These findings provide theoretical guidance on appropriate N applications for high-yield maize production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhao Meng
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruifu Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Weimin Li
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yushan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Xingan League Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Wulanhaote, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xuezhen Yang
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hengshan Yang
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Feed Crop Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, China
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9
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Kolbert Z, Molnár Á, Kovács K, Lipták-Lukácsik S, Benkő P, Szőllősi R, Gémes K, Erdei L, Rónavári A, Kónya Z. Nitro-oxidative response to internalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes in Brassica napus and Solanum lycopersicum. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115633. [PMID: 37890253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In addition to their beneficial effects on plant physiology, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are harmful to plants in elevated concentrations. This study compared the effects of two doses of MWCNT (10 and 80 mg/L) in Brassica napus and Solanum lycopersicum seedlings focusing on nitro-oxidative processes. The presence of MWCNTs was detectable in the root and hypocotyl of both species. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that MWCNTs are heavily transformed within the root cells forming large aggregates. The uptake of MWCNTs negatively affected root viability and root cell proliferation of both species, but more intense toxicity was observed in S. lycopersicum compared to B. napus. The presence of MWCNT triggered more intense protein carbonylation in the relative sensitive S. lycopersicum, where increased hydrogen peroxide levels were observed. Moreover, MWCNT exposure increased the level of physiological protein tyrosine nitration which was more intense in S. lycopersicum where notable peroxynitrite accumulation occurred. These suggest for the first time that MWCNT triggers secondary nitro-oxidative stress which contributes to its toxicity. Moreover, the results indicate that the extent of the nitro-oxidative processes is associated with the extent of MWCNT toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Árpád Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kamilla Kovács
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sára Lipták-Lukácsik
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Benkő
- Doctoral School of Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, HUN-REN, Temesvári körút 62., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Réka Szőllősi
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Gémes
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary; Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, HUN-REN, Temesvári körút 62., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Erdei
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52., 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Rónavári
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Bela ter 1., 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kónya
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Rerrich Bela ter 1., 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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10
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Tardast Z, Iranbakhsh A, Ebadi M, Oraghi Ardebili Z. Carboxylic acid-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs) improved production of atropine in callus of Datura inoxia by influencing metabolism, gene regulation, and DNA cytosine methylation; an in vitro biological assessment. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107975. [PMID: 37634333 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Atropine is a well-known tropane alkaloid commonly employed in medicine class called anticholinergics. This study intends to address biochemical and molecular responses of Datura inoxia calluses to fortifying culture medium with carboxylic acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNTs). The application of MWCNTs influenced callogenesis performance and biomass in a dose-dependent manner. The MWCNT at 5 mgL-1 resulted in the highest biomass of calluses by 57%. While, MWCNTs at high concentrations were accompanied by cytotoxicity. On the other hand, MWCNTs at concentrations above 100 mgL-1 exhibited cytotoxicity, decreased callogenesis performance, and reduced Atropine biosynthesis. The MWCNTs increased the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and catalase enzymes. The concentrations of proline and soluble phenols displayed upward trends in response to using MWCNTs. According to the HPLC assessment, enriching culture medium with MWCNTs at 5 mgL-1 elicited Atropine production in calluses by 64%. The quantitative PCR assessment referred to the upregulation in the transcription of the PAL gene. The expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and putrescine N-methyltransferase 1 (PMT) genes were also upregulated in calluses cultured in a medium supplemented with MWCNTs. Methylation Sensitive Amplification Polymorphism (MSAP) technique indicated that employing MWCNTs altered the DNA methylation profile, reflecting epigenetic modification. Overall, engineering plant cells with MWCNTs as a nano-elicitor can be suggested for large-scale synthesis of industrially-valuable secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tardast
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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11
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Li K, Tan H, Li J, Li Z, Qin F, Luo H, Qin D, Weng H, Zhang C. Unveiling the Effects of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials on Crop Growth: From Benefits to Detriments. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11860-11874. [PMID: 37492956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
To systematically assess the impact of typical CNMs on the growth effects of cereal crops, we conducted a meta-analysis of 48 independent studies worldwide. The pooled results showed that shoot weight (13.39%) and antioxidant metabolite content (SOD: 106.32%, POD: 32.29%, CAT: 22.63%) of cereal crops exposed to the presence of CNMs were significantly increased, but phytohormones secretion (17.84%) was inhibited. The results of subgroup analysis showed that there were differences in the results of different CNM types with the same exposure concentration on growth effects. Short-term exposure adversely affected the root and photosynthetic capacity of the crop, but prolonged exposure instead showed a promoting effect. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the concentration of CNMs and cereal variety variables were significantly associated with changes in multiple growth effect values. This work could offer references and fresh perspectives for investigating how nanoparticles and crops interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keteng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hao Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jialing Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- School of Design, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zetong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Fanzhi Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hanzhuo Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Deyu Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hao Weng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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12
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Adeel M, Zain M, Shakoor N, Azeem I, Hussain M, Ahmad MA, Chaudhary S, Zaheer U, Aziz MA, Ahmar S, Yukui R, Xu M. Estrogens in plants and emerging risks to human health. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:107985. [PMID: 37364304 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Steroid estrogens (SEs) accumulate in agro-food systems through wastewater treatment and dairy manure, but very little is known about their potential impact on plants and dietary risk to human health. We conducted a meta-analysis to address key questions including, how plants respond to SEs under different environmental conditions, what is the accumulation potential of SEs in distinct plant families, and associated daily dietary intake risks to humans. Based on 517 endpoints, we revealed that various crop species show a heterogeneous response to SEs types (n = 140), SEs concentrations (n = 141), and exposure medium (n = 166). A subsidy-stress response was observed in terms of SEs accumulation for plant growth. The bioaccumulation of SE in plants was shown to be greatest in sand, followed by soil, and hydroponic media. Plants exposed to SEs exhibit considerable changes in physiological and biochemical characteristics. Surprisingly, food crops such as carrot and potato were found as major source of SEs daily intake in food chain but their consequences remains largely unknown. Further field-oriented research is needed to unveil the threshold levels for SEs in soil-plant systems as it may pose a global threat to human health. The state of knowledge presented here may guide towards urgently needed future investigations in this field for reducing the risk in SEs in agro-food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Imran Azeem
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Muzammil Hussain
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Sadaf Chaudhary
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usama Zaheer
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Aziz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Sunny Ahmar
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Rui Yukui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ming Xu
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, PR China
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13
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Chen W, Liao G, Sun F, Ma Y, Chen Z, Chen H, Tang X, Mo Z. Foliar spray of La 2O 3 nanoparticles regulates the growth, antioxidant parameters, and nitrogen metabolism of fragrant rice seedlings in wet and dry nurseries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80349-80363. [PMID: 37296245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in agriculture, and lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (La2O3) NPs can regulate plant growth. La2O3 NPs treatment was hypothesized to affect the accumulation and distribution of substances in rice seedlings under wet and dry nursery conditions. The objective of the present study was to ascertain the effects of La2O3 NPs foliar spray on the morphology and physiology of fragrant rice seedlings under wet and dry nursery conditions. Seedlings of two fragrant rice cultivars, namely 'Xiangyaxiangzhan' and 'Yuxiangyouzhan,' were grown under wet and dry nursery conditions with La2O3 NPs treatments at three concentrations (CK, La2O3 NPs 0 mg L-1; T1, La2O3 NPs 20 mg L-1; and T2, La2O3 NPs 40 mg L-1). The results showed that the seedling-raising method was significantly associated with La2O3 NPs application (P < 0.05), affecting the leaf area of both cultivars. Changes in plant morphological parameters, such as dry weight and root-shoot ratio, were the reasons for the differences in cultivars in response to La2O3 NPs application. Changes were also observed in the plant morphological and physiological parameters of leaf area, specific leaf area, chlorophyll contents, antioxidant properties, and activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes. The relationship between morphological and physiological processes in fragrant rice was investigated to test the hypothesis. In both wet and dry nursery methods, the T2 concentration of La2O3 NPs was beneficial for rice seedlings and significantly increased their leaf area due to changes in morphological and physiological parameters. Therefore, the results of this study provide a theoretical basis for expanding the research on La2O3 NPs application in rice, as well as relevant references for strengthening rice seedlings in the nursery, which has a positive effect on the grain yield improvement in fragrant rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Gaoxin Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Feiyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yixian Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhilong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Haoming Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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14
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Holghoomi R, Hosseini Sarghein S, Khara J, Hosseini B, Rahdar A, Kyzas GZ. Foliar application of Phenylalanine functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube improved the content of volatile compounds of basil grown in greenhouse. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27748-x. [PMID: 37253914 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are among the elicitors that have different effects on plants. Basil as a useful and valuable plant has significant medicinal properties; The aim of this research is to study the effect of different concentrations of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with phenylalanine and non-functionalized in concentrations of (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg.l-1) and activated carbon on total phenol and flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, the content of H2O2, reactive oxygen species detection, antioxidant enzyme activity, and the concentration of volatile compounds of basil in the greenhouse culture, in an experiment in the form of a completely randomized design with three replications, and in the faculty of sciences of Urmia university's laboratory. The highest content of total phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, antioxidant capacity and hydrogen peroxide content were observed in the 200 mg.l-1 functionalized carbon nanotube. The highest percentage of alpha-Copaene, trans-alpha-Bergamotene, alpha-Guaiene, Bicyclogermacrene, 1,10-di-epi-Cubenol and alpha-Eudesmol compounds at 150 mg.l-1 of functionalized carbon nanotube and the highest percentage of compounds 1,8-cineole and eugenol was observed at 100 mg.l-1 of functionalized carbon nanotube. The compounds of linalool, camphor and anethole also showed their highest amount in treatments of 200, 150 and 50 mg.l-1 of carbon nanotube, respectively. In general, the observations of this research indicated that the use of functionalized carbon nanotubes as a stimulant has increased the antioxidant capacity of basil and on the other hand, it has led to an improving in the content of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghaieh Holghoomi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Jalil Khara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Hosseini
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of science, University of Zabol, Zabol, 538-98615, Iran
| | - George Z Kyzas
- Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, Kavala, Greece.
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15
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Zhou P, Jiang Y, Adeel M, Shakoor N, Zhao W, Liu Y, Li Y, Li M, Azeem I, Rui Y, Tan Z, White JC, Guo Z, Lynch I, Zhang P. Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Soybean Yield and Enhance Nitrogen Assimilation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7547-7558. [PMID: 37134233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is a trace element beneficial for plant growth and development and could improve crop yield by stimulating urea decomposition and nitrogen-fixing enzyme activity. A full life cycle study was conducted to compare the long-term effects of soil-applied NiO nanoparticles (n-NiO), NiO bulk (b-NiO), and NiSO4 at 10-200 mg kg-1 on plant growth and nutritional content of soybean. n-NiO at 50 mg kg-1 significantly promoted the seed yield by 39%. Only 50 mg kg-1 n-NiO promoted total fatty acid content and starch content by 28 and 19%, respectively. The increased yield and nutrition could be attributed to the regulatory effects of n-NiO, including photosynthesis, mineral homeostasis, phytohormone, and nitrogen metabolism. Furthermore, n-NiO maintained a Ni2+ supply for more extended periods than NiSO4, reducing potential phytotoxicity concerns. Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-MS) for the first time confirmed that the majority of the Ni in seeds is in ionic form, with only 28-34% as n-NiO. These findings deepen our understanding of the potential of nanoscale and non-nanoscale Ni to accumulate and translocate in soybean, as well as the long-term fate of these materials in agricultural soils as a strategy for nanoenabled agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingfan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanwanjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingshu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Imran Azeem
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiqiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Zhiling Guo
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
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16
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Hao Y, Yu Y, Sun G, Gong X, Jiang Y, Lv G, Zhang Y, Li L, Zhao Y, Sun D, Gu W, Qian C. Effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Nano-Silica on Root Development, Leaf Photosynthesis, Active Oxygen and Nitrogen Metabolism in Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1604. [PMID: 37111828 PMCID: PMC10142641 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and nano-silica (nano-SiO2) are widely used in the field of life science because of their special physical and chemical properties. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of MWCNTs (0 mg·L-1, 200 mg·L-1, 400 mg·L-1, 800 mg·L-1 and 1200 mg·L-1) and nano-SiO2 (0 mg·L-1, 150 mg·L-1, 800 mg·L-1, 1500 mg·L-1 and 2500 mg·L-1) on maize seedling growth and relative mechanisms were explored. The main results are as follows: MWCNTs and nano-SiO2 can promote the growth of maize seedlings, and promote plant height, root length, the dry and fresh weight of seedlings, root-shoot ratio and so on. The ability to accumulate dry matter increased, the relative water content of leaves increased, the electrical conductivity of leaves decreased, the stability of cell membranes improved and the water metabolism ability of maize seedlings increased. The treatment of MWCNTs with 800 mg·L-1 and nano-SiO2 with 1500 mg·L-1 had the best effect on seedling growth. MWCNTs and nano-SiO2 can promote the development of root morphology, increase root length, root surface area, average diameter, root volume and total root tip number and improve root activity, so as to improve the absorption capacity of roots to water and nutrition. After MWCNT and nano-SiO2 treatment, compared with the control, the contents of O2·- and H2O2 decreased, and the damage of reactive oxygen free radicals to cells decreased. MWCNTs and nano-SiO2 can promote the clearance of reactive oxygen species and maintain the complete structure of cells, so as to slow down plant aging. The promoting effect of MWCNTs treated with 800 mg·L-1 and nano-SiO2 treated with 1500 mg·L-1 had the best effect. After treatment with MWCNTs and nano-SiO2, the activities of key photosynthesis enzymes PEPC, Rubisco, NADP-ME, NADP-MDH and PPDK of maize seedlings increased, which promoted the opening of stomata, improved the fixation efficiency of CO2, improved the photosynthetic process of maize plants and promoted plant growth. The promoting effect was the best when the concentration of MWCNTs was 800 mg·L-1 and the concentration of nano-SiO2 was 1500 mg·L-1. MWCNTs and nano-SiO2 can increase the activities of the enzymes GS, GOGAT, GAD and GDH related to nitrogen metabolism in maize leaves and roots, and can increase the content of pyruvate, so as to promote the synthesis of carbohydrates and the utilization of nitrogen and promote plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Hao
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Guangyan Sun
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiujie Gong
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Yubo Jiang
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Guoyi Lv
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Yiteng Zhang
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Dan Sun
- Institute of Crop Resource, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Wanrong Gu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chunrong Qian
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028, China
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17
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Tao Y, Liu C, Piao L, Yang F, Liu J, Jan MF, Li M. Effect of Mn Deficiency on Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism of Different Genotypes Seedlings in Maize ( Zea mays L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1407. [PMID: 36987095 PMCID: PMC10051073 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Manganese deficiency critically impairs the function and stability of photosystem II (PSII) and negatively impacts crop growth and yield. However, the response mechanisms of carbon and nitrogen metabolism to Mn deficiency in different genotypes of maize and the differences in Mn deficiency tolerance are unclear. Herein, three different genotypes of maize seedlings (sensitive genotype: Mo17, tolerant genotype: B73, and B73 × Mo17) were exposed to Mn deficiency treatment for 16 days using liquid culture with different concentrations of MnSO4 [0.00, 2.23, 11.65, and 22.30 mg/L (control)]. We found that complete Mn deficiency significantly reduced maize seedling biomass; negatively affected the photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters; and depressed nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase activity. This resulted in reduced leaf and root nitrogen uptake, with Mo17 being most severely inhibited. B73 and B73 × Mo17 maintained higher sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase activities and lower neutral convertase activity compared to Mo17, which resulted in higher accumulation of soluble sugars and sucrose and maintenance of the osmoregulation capacity of leaves, which helped mitigate damage caused by Mn deficiency. The findings revealed the physiological regulation mechanism of carbon and nitrogen metabolism in different genotypes of maize seedlings that resist Mn deficiency stress, providing a theoretical basis for developing high yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhao Tao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Changzhuang Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Lin Piao
- Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Fuqiang Yang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Muhammad Faheem Jan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
| | - Ming Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.T.)
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Shi J, Xun M, Song J, Li J, Zhang W, Yang H. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes promote the accumulation, distribution, and assimilation of 15N-KNO 3 in Malus hupehensis by entering the roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1131978. [PMID: 36968357 PMCID: PMC10033859 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1131978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) consist of multiple rolled layers of graphene. Nitrogen plays an important role in apple growth. The effect of MWCNTs on nitrogen utilization in apple needs to be further investigated. METHODS In this study, the woody plant Malus hupehensis seedlings were used as plant materials, the distribution of MWCNTs in the roots was observed, and the effects of MWCNTs on the accumulation, distribution, and assimilation of nitrate by the seedlings were explored. RESULTS The results showed that MWCNTs could penetrate the roots of Malus hupehensis seedlings, and the 50, 100, and 200 µg·mL-1 MWCNTs significantly promoted the root growth of seedlings, increased root number, root activity, fresh weight, and nitrate content of seedlings, and also increased nitrate reductase activity, free amino acid, and soluble protein content of roots and leaves. 15N tracer experiments indicated that MWCNTs decreased the distribution ratio of 15N-KNO3 in Malus hupehensis roots but increased its distribution ratio in stems and leaves. MWCNTs improved the utilization ratio of 15N-KNO3 in Malus hupehensis seedlings, with the values being increased by 16.19%, 53.04%, and 86.44% following the 50, 100, and 200 µg·mL-1 MWCNTs, respectively. The RT-qPCR analysis showed that MWCNTs significantly affected the expression of genes (MhNRTs) related to nitrate uptake and transport in roots and leaves, and MhNRT1.4, MhNRT1.7, MhNRT1.8, MhNRT2.1, MhNRT2.5, and MhNRT2.7 were notably up-regulated in response to 200 µg·mL-1 MWCNTs. Raman analysis and transmission electron microscopy images indicated that MWCNTs could enter the root tissue of Malus hupehensis and were distributed between the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane. Pearson correlation analysis showed that root tip number, root fractal dimension, and root activity were the main factors affecting root uptake and assimilation of nitrate. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that MWCNTs promoted root growth by entering the root, stimulated the expression of MhNRTs, and increased NR activity, thereby enhancing the uptake, distribution, and assimilation of nitrate by root, and ultimately improved the utilization of 15N-KNO3 by Malus hupehensis seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weiwei Zhang
- *Correspondence: Hongqiang Yang, ; Weiwei Zhang,
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Ramezan D, Farrokhzad Y, Mokhtassi-Bidgoli A, Rasouli-Alamuti M. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes interact with light intensity to affect morpho-biochemical, nutrient uptake, DNA damage, and secondary metabolism of Stevia rebaudiana. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:36915-36927. [PMID: 36550247 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the interaction between nanoparticles (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg L-1) and light intensity (100, 200, and 400 μmol·m-2·s-1) was evaluated for effectiveness in improving stevia shoot induction by measuring morphological traits, nutrient absorption, total carbohydrates, steviol glycosides (SVglys), and DNA damage in two DNA sequence regions (promoter and sequence of the UGT76G1 gene). MWCNTs at a concentration of 50 mg L-1 in interaction with the light intensity of 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 improved the morphological traits and absorption of nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and Manganese (Mn), compared to other treatments. Also, under this interaction, the accumulation of total carbohydrates and SVglys was elevated. Moreover, DNA damage in both regions of the DNA sequence under light intensity at low concentrations of MWCNTs (0 and 50 mg L-1) did not show a significant change but increased with increasing MWCNT concentration at high light intensities (200 and 400 μmol·m-2·s-1). These results demonstrate that the advantages and phytotoxicity of MWCNTs in the in vitro culture of stevia are dose-dependent and are affected by light intensity. Based on this, the interaction of 50 mg L-1 of MWCNTs with the light intensity of 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 is recommended to improve stevia micropropagation and subsequent growth and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariush Ramezan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscaping, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
| | - Yusuf Farrokhzad
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rasouli-Alamuti
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Karaj, Iran
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20
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Wu M, Su H, Li C, Fu Z, Wu F, Yang J, Wang L. Effects of foliar application of single-walled carbon nanotubes on carbohydrate metabolism in crabapple plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:214-222. [PMID: 36427383 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) regulate growth in many plants. Carbohydrates provide energy and carbon skeleton for cell growth. However, how CNTs influence plant carbohydrate metabolism remains largely unknown. For a comprehensive understanding the response of carbohydrate metabolism and accumulation in leaves of crabapple (Malus hupehensis Rehd) to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), the expression of key enzymes and genes involved in apple sugar metabolism was investigated. In this report, TEM showed that SWCNTs particles were absorbed in apple leaf. Foliar application of 10 and 20 mg/L SWCNTs promoted chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. SWCNTs up-regulate the activity of aldose-6-phosphate reductase (A6PR), accompanied by increased concentration of photosynthetic assimilate‒sorbitol. However, the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and the accumulation of sucrose did not change significantly in SWCNTs-sprayed apple leaves compared with the control. In addition, the activities of photoassimilate degradation enzyme (sorbitol dehydrogenase, SDH; sucrose synthase, SUSY; neutral invertase, NINV) and hexose degradation enzyme (fructokinase, FRK; hexokinase, HK) were higher in SWCNTs-treated apple leaves than that in the control leaves. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) results indicated that the expression of genes associated with sugar metabolism changed significantly after SWCNTs application. Taken together, we propose that spraying apple leaves with 10 and 20 mg/L SWCNTs can improve photosynthetic activity and accelerate carbohydrate metabolism in apple leaves. Our results provide insight into understanding the biological effects of CNTs in plants and are valuable for continued use of SWCNTs in agri-nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Wu
- College of life Sciences, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Hongyan Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong/College of Agriculture, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China; The Institute of Ecological Garden, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Chuanshou Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong/College of Agriculture, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Zhishun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong/College of Agriculture, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Fanlin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong/College of Agriculture, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong/College of Agriculture, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China.
| | - Lei Wang
- College of life Sciences, Ludong Universtiy, Yantai, 264025, PR China.
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21
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Zhang Y, Liang C. Improving yield and quality of rice under acid rain stress by regulating nitrogen assimilation with exogenous Ca 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:12085-12097. [PMID: 36103072 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22946-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acid rain threatens crop yield and nutritional quality, and Ca2+ can regulate plant responses to abiotic stresses. To improve the yield and nutritional quality of crops under acid rain stress, we applied exogenous Ca2+ to regulate nitrogen assimilation in rice seedlings under simulated acid rain stress (pH 4.5 or 3.0), taking yield and nutritional quality of rice as evaluation criteria. We found that Ca2+ (5 mM) maintained the total nitrogen content of rice at the seedling and booting stages to alleviate the inhibitory effect of simulated acid rain on rice yield. Meanwhile, Ca2+ improved the activity of glutamate synthase to eliminate the disruption of glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase balance under simulated acid rain. It decreased the efficiency of nitrogen assimilation, thereby reducing the inhibition of essential amino acid content in rice. The mitigation effect on simulated acid rain at pH 4.5 was better than that of simulated acid rain at pH 3.0. Overall, Ca2+ may reduce the negative effect of acid rain on the yield and nutritional quality of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chanjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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22
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Luo Y, Zeng W, Lei G, Hou Y, Ao C, Chen H, Gaiser T, Srivastava AK. The effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and Bacillus subtilis treatments on the salt tolerance of maize seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1093529. [PMID: 36570958 PMCID: PMC9780592 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1093529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials, including multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), have been recently applied in agriculture to improve stress resistance, leading to contradictory findings for antioxidant responses and mineral nutrient uptake. A pot experiment involving maize in low-salinity sandy loam soils was conducted with the application of different concentrations (0, 20, 50 mg/L) of MWCNTs and the growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). The dose-dependent effects of MWCNTs were confirmed: 20 mg/L MWCNTs significantly promoted the accumulation of osmolytes in maize, particularly K+ in the leaves and roots, increased the leaf indoleacetic acid content, decreased the leaf abscisic acid content; but the above-mentioned promoting effects decreased significantly in 50 mg/L MWCNTs-treated plants. We observed a synergistic effect of the combined application of MWCNTs and B. subtilis on plant salt tolerance. The increased lipid peroxidation and antioxidant-like proline, peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities suggested that MWCNTs induced oxidative stress in maize growing in low-salinity soils. B. subtilis reduced the oxidative stress caused by MWCNTs, as indicated by a lower content of malondialdehyde (MDA). The MWCNTs significantly increased the leaf Na+ content and leaf Na+/K+ ratio; however, when applied in combination with B. subtilis, the leaf Na+/K+ ratio decreased sharply to 69% and 44%, respectively, compared to those of the control (CK) group, the contents of which were partially regulated by abscisic acid and nitrate, according to the results of the structural equation model (SEM). Overall, the increased osmolytes and well-regulated Na+/K+ balance and transport in plants after the combined application of MWCNTs and B. subtilis reveal great potential for their use in combating abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoqing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaling Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Gaiser
- Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Li Y, Yin M, Li L, Zheng J, Yuan X, Wen Y. Optimized potassium application rate increases foxtail millet grain yield by improving photosynthetic carbohydrate metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1044065. [PMID: 36531412 PMCID: PMC9748707 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1044065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic carbohydrate metabolism is an important biochemical process related to crop production and quality traits. Potassium (K) critically contributes to the process of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and carbohydrate metabolism. We explored the effects of potassium fertilization on physiological mechanisms including carbohydrate metabolism in foxtail millet and its yield. Field experiments were performed using two foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) cultivars: 1) Jingu 21 (low-K sensitive); and 2) Zhangza 10 (low-K tolerant). Effect of five different potassium fertilizer (K2O) rates (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg·hm-2) were tested in two consecutive years, 2020 and 2021. We found that potassium application significantly increases the K content, dry matter accumulation and yield. Jingu 21 and Zhangza 10 had maximum yields at 180 kg·hm-2 K application, which were 29.91% and 31.51% larger than without K application, respectively. Excessive K application (K240) did not further improve their yields. The suitable K fertilizer application of Jingu 21 and Zhangza 10 are 195.25-204.27 and 173.95-175.87 kg·K2O·hm-2, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) were positively correlated with the potassium content. Potassium application improved the availability of carbon sources for carbohydrate synthesis. Compared with the K0 treatment, variations in the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SuSy) in potassium-treated Jingu 21 (K60, K120, K180, and K240) were 17.94%-89.93% and 22.48%-182.10%, respectively, which were greater than those of Zhangza 10 (11.34%-71.12% and 16.18%-109.13%, respectively) and indicate that Jingu 21 is more sensitive to potassium application. The sucrose contents in the Jingu 21 and Zhangza 10 grains were 0.97%-1.15% and 1.04%-1.23%, respectively. The starch contents were 28.99%-37.75% and 24.81%-34.62%, respectively. The sucrose: ratio of Jingu 21 was smaller than that of Zhangza 10, indicating that Jingu 21 utilized nutrients better than Zhangza 10. Stepwise regression and path analysis showed that leaf and grain SuSy activity, by coordinating the source-sink relationship, have the greatest direct effect on Jingu 21 yield, whereas leaf SuSy activity, by promoting the generation of photosynthates at the source leaf, plays a leading role in Zhangza 10 yield increase. In conclusion, optimized K application can increase foxtail millet grain yield by improving photosynthesis and promoting carbohydrate accumulation and distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yinyuan Wen
- *Correspondence: Yinyuan Wen, ; Xiangyang Yuan,
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24
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Sarkar MM, Pradhan N, Subba R, Saha P, Roy S. Sugar-terminated carbon-nanodots stimulate osmolyte accumulation and ROS detoxification for the alleviation of salinity stress in Vigna radiata. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17567. [PMID: 36266315 PMCID: PMC9585090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22241-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, nanotechnology has emerged as an efficient tool to manage the adverse effect of environmental stresses on plants. In this connection, carbon-nanodots (CNDs) have been reported to ameliorate the negative impacts of salinity stress. Further, surface modification of CNDs is believed to augment their stress-alleviating potential, however, very little has been known about the potential of surface-functionalized CNDs. In this purview, two sugar (trehalose and glucose) terminated CNDs (CNPT and CNPG) have been synthesized and assessed for their stress-alleviating effects on Vigna radiata (a salt-sensitive legume) seedlings subjected to different concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, and 100 mM). The synthesized CNDs (CNPT and CNPG) exhibited a hydrodynamic size of 20-40 nm and zeta potential of up to - 22 mV with a 5-10 nm core. These water-soluble nanomaterials exhibited characteristic fluorescence emission properties viz. orange and greenish-yellow for CNPT and CNPG respectively. The successful functionalization of the sugar molecules on the CND cores was further confirmed using FTIR, XRD, and AFM. The results indicated that the application of both the CNDs improved seed germination, growth, pigment content, ionic and osmotic balance, and most importantly, the antioxidant defense which decreased ROS accumulation. At the same time, CNPT and CNPG exhibited no toxicity in the Allium cepa root tip bioassay. Therefore, it can be concluded that sugar-terminated CNDs improved the plant responses to salinity stress by facilitating sugar uptake to the aerial part of the seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahima Misti Sarkar
- grid.412222.50000 0001 1188 5260Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013 India
| | - Nibedita Pradhan
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Midnapore, West Bengal 721101 India
| | - Rewaj Subba
- grid.412222.50000 0001 1188 5260Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013 India
| | - Puja Saha
- grid.412222.50000 0001 1188 5260Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013 India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- grid.412222.50000 0001 1188 5260Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal 734013 India
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Chen X, Wang J, Wang R, Zhang D, Chu S, Yang X, Hayat K, Fan Z, Cao X, Ok YS, Zhou P. Insights into growth-promoting effect of nanomaterials: Using transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the molecular mechanisms of MWCNTs in enhancing hyperaccumulator under heavy metal(loid)s stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129640. [PMID: 35882170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes present potential applications in soil remediation, particularly in phytoremediation. Yet, how multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) induced hyperaccumulator growth at molecular level remains unclear. Here, physio-biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were performed to determine the effect of MWCNTs on Solanum nigrum L. (S. nigrum) growth under cadmium and arsenic stresses. 500 mg/kg MWCNTs application significantly promoted S. nigrum growth, especially for root tissues. Specially, MWCNTs application yields 1.38-fold, 1.56-fold, and 1.37-fold enhancement in the shoot length, root length, and fresh biomass, respectively. Furthermore, MWCNTs significantly strengthened P and Fe absorption in roots, as well as the activities of antioxidative enzymes. Importantly, the transcriptomic analysis indicated that S. nigrum gene expression was sensitive to MWCNTs, and MWCNTs upregulated advantageous biological processes under heavy metal(loid)s stress. Besides, MWCNTs reprogramed metabolism that related to defense system, leading to accumulation of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (amino acid), 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (xenobiotic), and (S)-abscisic acid (lipid). In addition, key common pathways of differentially expressed metabolites and genes, including "tyrosine metabolism" and "isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis" were selected via integrating transcriptome and metabolome analyses. Combined omics technologies, our findings provide molecular mechanisms of MWCNTs in promoting S. nigrum growth, and highlight potential application of MWCNTs in soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunfeng Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Juncai Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Renyuan Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
| | - Shaohua Chu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
| | - Xijia Yang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
| | - Kashif Hayat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
| | - Pei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali, Yunnan 671000, China.
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Qing B, Jiang Y, Chen Y, Chen J, Xie H, Mo Z. Nitrogen modulates early growth and physio-biochemical attributes in fragrant rice grown under cadmium and multiwall carbon nanotubes stresses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:67837-67855. [PMID: 35524851 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20432-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) modulates plant growth, but its impact on the early growth and physio-biochemical characteristics of rice under cadmium (Cd) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) toxicity has received little attention. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was conducted on two fragrant rice cultivars, e.g., Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ) and Yuxiangyouzhan (YXYZ), grown under two N levels (N and 1/4 N) and various Cd and MWCNTs treatments (CK: without CdCl2 or MWCNTs; Cd: 100 μmol L-1 CdCl2; MWCNTs: 100 mg L-1 MWCNTs; and Cd-MWCNTs: 100 μmol L-1 CdCl2 + 100 mg L-1 MWCNTs). Results showed that when compared to CK, the total dry weight of the Cd and MWCNTs treatments did not change under 1/4 N for both varieties, whereas Cd and Cd-MWCNTs treatments resulted in a significant reduction in total dry weight by 18.78-37.85% for XYXZ and the Cd-MWCNTs treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the total dry weight by 20.24% for YXYZ. The changes in total dry weight were linked to changes in the dry weight of the different parts of the plant. Besides, the antioxidant parameters and the enzymes involved in the nitrogen metabolism changed in different varieties and different plant parts under two N levels and various Cd and MWCNTs treatments. In addition, differences in total dry weight changes at the N levels and various Cd and MWCNTs treatments were identified between the two varieties, and the relations between total dry weight and other investigated parameters indicated that the modulation processes varied between varieties. Overall, N modulates the early growth and physio-biochemical attributes in fragrant rice seedlings under Cd, MWCNTs, and their combined toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Qing
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiale Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huijia Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic Rice, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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27
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Mousavi SF, Roein Z, Hekmatara SH. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes wrapped with polyvinylpyrrolidone can control the leaf yellowing of Alstroemeria cut flowers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14232. [PMID: 35987917 PMCID: PMC9392740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid yellowing of the leaves on cut flowers with leafy stems severely limits their vase life and commercial value. In this study, the effect of a composite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) on the longevity of cut Alstroemeria flowers (Alstroemeria hybrida) was investigated to obtain a solution to this problem. A range of MWCNTs/PVP composite concentrations (0, 3, 6, and 9 mg L-1) was applied in a vase solution (for 24 h) as pulse treatments. Our findings indicate that the composite of MWCNTs and PVP exhibits excellent dispersibility in a vase solution. The results demonstrate that a 3 mg L-1 MWCNTs/PVP concentration was the most effective, extending the vase life of cut Alstroemeria flowers by up to 27 days. Pulsing with MWCNTs/PVP delayed the onset of floret abscission and leaf yellowing by 5 and 18 days, respectively. Additionally, when MWCNTs/PVP solution was applied to cut stems, water uptake remained consistently greater than that of the control. Additionally, MWCNTs/PVP increased the total chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, and POX enzyme activity of leaves while decreasing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The results indicate that this composite exhibited antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and -negative bacteria, particularly at a concentration of 3 mg L-1. This study demonstrated that adding MWCNTs/PVP to a vase solution of Alstroemeria cut flowers increased their longevity with minimal leaf yellowing symptoms compared to untreated cut stems. As a result, this nanocomposite can be used safely and effectively in vase solutions and in combination with other preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Farzaneh Mousavi
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, P.O. Box 69315-516, Ilam, Iran
| | - Zeynab Roein
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, P.O. Box 69315-516, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Hekmatara
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
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28
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Li B, Guo T, Zhou W. Trehalose Outperforms Chitosan, Humic Acid and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid in Promoting the Growth of Field Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:889615. [PMID: 35774813 PMCID: PMC9237543 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.889615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that there are many distinct types of plant growth regulators (PGRs), the diverse ways in which they regulate plant development are rarely compared. In this study, four PGRs (trehalose, chitosan, humic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid) were selected and sprayed folially, and plant samples were collected while maize was at vegetative leaf stages 6, 10, and 14 (V6, V10, and V14, respectively) to reveal the effects of different PGRs on photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation, oxidative stress, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, hormone levels, and gene expression of maize. Results showed that 100 mg/L PGRs did not induce oxidative damage or repair activities in maize. Trehalose significantly increased chlorophyll content at V6 and promoted dry matter (roots and shoots) accumulation at V6 and V10. The activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolizing enzymes were significantly enhanced by trehalose treatment, which promoted the accumulation of sucrose and soluble sugar, but did not affect the biosynthesis of auxin and gibberellin at V6. Changes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism enzymes are regulated by transcription of related synthetic genes. Lower starch content and higher sucrose content in trehalose-treated maize leaves are important biological characteristics. Further analysis revealed that the effect of trehalose on the metabolic activity of maize was a short-term promoting effect (0-12 days), while the effect on maize growth was a long-term cumulative effect (13-28 days). Overall, exogenous trehalose induced stronger carbon and nitrogen metabolic activity, higher photosynthetic capacity and more dry matter accumulation than chitosan, humic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyan Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Guo
- Institution of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Cheng B, Wang C, Chen F, Yue L, Cao X, Liu X, Yao Y, Wang Z, Xing B. Multiomics understanding of improved quality in cherry radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radculus pers) after foliar application of selenium nanomaterials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 824:153712. [PMID: 35149065 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A selenium (Se)-nanoenabled agriculture strategy was established in this work to improve crop yield and quality. The results demonstrated that Se engineering nanomaterials (Se ENMs, 10 mg·L-1) were absorbed and translocated in cherry radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radculus pers) from shoots to taproots after foliar application. RNA-Seq and metabolomic results indicated that the glucolysis, pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolism pathways were accelerated by exposure to Se ENMs, resulting in increased production of flavonoids (3.2-fold), amino acids (1.4-fold), and TCA (2.5-fold) compared with the control. Moreover, Se content was enhanced by 5.4 and 2.6 times in pericarp and pulp upon Se ENMs exposure, respectively, which was more efficient (2.2 and 1.1 times) than SeO32- treatment. Additionally, the yield of cherry radish was increased by 67.6% under Se ENMs, whereas SeO32- exposure only led to an increase of 7.4%. Therefore, the application of Se ENMs could reduce the amount of fertilizer used to minimize the environmental impact in agriculture while improve crop production and quality. These findings highlighted the significant potential of Se ENMs-enabled agriculture practices as an eco-friendly and sustainable crop strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxu Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yusong Yao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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30
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Huang J, Qian J, Wang S, Li Y, Zhai X, Olajide TM, Shen GX, Liao X. Effect of selenium biofortification on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in germinated black soybean. J Food Sci 2022; 87:1009-1019. [PMID: 35122243 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biofortification using inorganic selenium has become an effective strategy to enhance selenium content in crops. In the present study, the effects of selenium biofortification on the chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of black soybean (BS) during germination were studied. The contents of selenium, total sugar, vitamin C, γ-aminobutyric acid, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids in selenium biofortified germinated black soybeans (GBS-Se) significantly increased compared to germinated black soybeans (GBS). However, the contents of soluble protein, fat, and reducing sugar were decreased, while fatty acid composition was not significantly different between GBS and BS. HPLC analysis showed that 12 phenolic acids of all samples, which mainly existed in free forms. Their contents increased at low concentration of selenium and decreased along with the rise of selenium concentrations. The antioxidant activity of GBS-Se as analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis positively correlated with the accumulation of phenolic substances. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that GBS and GBS-Se were significantly different from BS. Moreover, the physicochemical indexes of GBS showed regularly changes with increasing selenium content, and those of GBS-Se50 and GBS-Se75 were significantly different from GBS. The results provide a systematic evaluation on the effect of selenium fortification on the germination of seeds and useful information for the development of Se-enriched functional foods. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The organic selenium black soybean (BS) produced by the germination method can be directly processed and eaten to improve human health. In addition, complexes of organic selenium, vitamin C, and γ-aminobutyric acid of germinated BS can be developed into functional substances and applied to food or health products as functional ingredient and/or natural antioxidant supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiana Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqiu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tosin Michael Olajide
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Garry X Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xianyan Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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31
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Dong X, Zhang Z, Wang S, Shen Z, Cheng X, Lv X, Pu X. Soil properties, root morphology and physiological responses to cotton stalk biochar addition in two continuous cropping cotton field soils from Xinjiang, China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12928. [PMID: 35190786 PMCID: PMC8857900 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term and widespread cotton production in Xinjiang, China, has resulted in significant soil degradation, thereby leading to continuous cropping obstacles; cotton stalk biochar (CSB) addition may be an effective countermeasure to this issue, with effects that are felt immediately by root systems in direct contact with the soil. In this study, we assess the effects of different CSB application rates on soil nutrient contents, root morphology, and root physiology in two soil types commonly used for cotton production in the region. Compared with CK (no CSB addition), a 1% CSB addition increased total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and organic matter (OM) by 13.3%, 7.2%, and 50% in grey desert soil, respectively , and 36.5%, 19.9%, and 176.4%, respectively, in aeolian sandy soil. A 3% CSB addition increased TN, AP, and OM by 38.8%, 23.8%, and 208.1%, respectively, in grey desert soil, and 36%, 13%, and 183.2%, respectively, in aeolian sandy soil. Compared with the aeolian sandy soil, a 1% CSB addition increased TN, OM, and AP by 95%, 94.8%, and 33.3%, respectively, in the grey desert soil , while in the same soil 3% CSB addition increased TN, OM, and AP by 108%, 21.1%, and 73.9%, respectively. In the grey desert soil, compared with CK, a 1% CSB application increased the root length (RL) (34%), specific root length (SRL) (27.9%), and root volume (RV) (32.6%) during the bud stage, increased glutamine synthetase (GS) (13.9%) and nitrate reductase (NR) activities (237%), decreased the RV (34%) and average root diameter (ARD) (36.2%) during the harvesting stage. A 3% CSB addition increased the RL (44%), SRL (20%), and RV (41.2%) during the bud stage and decreased the RV (29%) and ARD (27%) during the harvesting stage. In the aeolian sandy soil, 1% CSB increased the RL (38.3%), SRL (73.7%), and RV (17%), while a 3% caused a greater increase in the RL (55%), SRL (89%), RV (28%), soluble sugar content (128%), and underground biomass (33.8%). Compared with the grey desert soil, a 1% CSB addition increased the RL (48.6%), SRL (58%), and RV (18.6%) in the aeolian sandy soil, while a 3% further increased the RL (54.8%), SRL (84.2%), RV (21.9%), and soluble sugar content (233%). The mechanisms by which CSB addition improves the two soils differ: root morphology changed from coarse and short to fine and long in the grey desert soil, and from fine and long to longer in the aeolian sandy soil. Overall, a 3% CSB addition may be a promising and sustainable strategy for maintaining cotton productivity in aeolian sandy soil in the Xinjiang region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shaoming Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zihui Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaojiao Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xinhua Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Pu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China,Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Pharmacy School, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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