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Mallamaci R, Conforti F, Statti G, Avato P, Barbarossa A, Meleleo D. Phenolic Compounds from Tropea Red Onion as Dietary Agents for Protection against Heavy Metals Toxicity. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:495. [PMID: 38672765 PMCID: PMC11051521 DOI: 10.3390/life14040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to highlight the cell protective effect of Tropea red onion (TRO) hydroalcoholic extract and some of its components against "non-essential" heavy metals. For this purpose, the cytoprotective roles of cyanidin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin against Cd, Hg and Pb and of TRO extract against Hg and Pb have been investigated, and data are reported here. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detailed evaluation of the protective effect against cell damage induced by "non-essential" heavy metals through the simultaneous administration of cyanidin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin with CdCl2, HgCl2 or PbCl2 and the TRO extract against HgCl2 and PbCl2. Present data are also compared with our previous results from the TRO extract against Cd. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was also determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the bovine brain peroxidation assay. Both of the assays indicated a good antioxidant capacity of the extract. Cell viability and the impact on necrotic cell death were examined by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. After 24 h of exposure, Caco-2 cell viability decreased by approximately 50% at 0.25 μM for Cd, Hg and Pb and, after 72 h, the ranking order of "non-essential" heavy metal toxicity on cell viability was PbCl2 > CdCl2 > HgCl2. Cell viability was assessed by treating the cells with the biomolecules at doses of 25, 50 and 100 µg/mL for 24 and 72 h. The same analysis was carried out on Caco-2 cells treated with combinations of TRO extract, cyanidin, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, or quercetin and "non-essential" heavy metals. Treatments with the bioactive metabolites did not significantly improve cell viability. The identical treatment of Caco-2 cells produced instead LDH release, suggesting a decrease in cell viability. Consistently with the finding that TRO extract showed a good antioxidant activity, we suggest that its higher cytotoxicity, compared to that of the individual assayed phytochemicals, may be derived by the combined antioxidant and chelating properties of all the molecules present in the extract. Therefore, from all the acquired experimental evidence, it appears that the TRO extract may be a better promising protective agent against the toxic effect of Cd, Hg and Pb compared to its bioactive metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria-DFSSN, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria-DFSSN, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Pinarosa Avato
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (P.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Daniela Meleleo
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Aquino G, Basilicata MG, Crescenzi C, Vestuto V, Salviati E, Cerrato M, Ciaglia T, Sansone F, Pepe G, Campiglia P. Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from spring onion leaves using Box-Behnken design. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14923. [PMID: 37691048 PMCID: PMC10493223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have explored the extraction of bioactive compounds from different onion solid wastes, such as bulb, skin, and peel. However, onion leaves have received limited attention despite their potential as a valuable source of nutraceutical compounds. This study aimed to valorise, for the first time, the agricultural waste in the form of spring onion leaves (CN, Cipollotto Nocerino) to obtain antioxidant-rich polyphenolic extracts. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to assess the impact of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) variables (temperature, time, extraction volume, and ethanol concentration) on total polyphenol content (TPC) measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant power determined by FRAP assay. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied, and regression equations, analysis of variance, and 3D response curves were developed. Our results highlighted that the TPC values range from 0.76 to 1.43 mg GAE g-1 dw, while the FRAP values range from 8.25 to 14.80 mmol Fe(II)E g-1 dw. The optimal extraction conditions predicted by the model were 60 °C, 22 min, ethanol concentration 51% (v/v), and solvent volume 11 mL. These conditions resulted in TPC and FRAP values of 1.35 mg GAE g-1 dw and 14.02 mmol Fe(II)E g-1 dw, respectively. Furthermore, the extract obtained under optimized conditions was characterized by UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS analysis. LC/MS-MS platform allowed us to tentatively identify various compounds belonging to the class of flavonoids, saponins, fatty acids, and lipids. Finally, the ability of CN optimal extract to inhibit the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) release in a hepatocarcinoma cell line using an H2O2-induced oxidative stress model, was evaluated. The results highlighted the potential of CN extract as a valuable source of polyphenols with significant antioxidant properties, suitable for various applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Crescenzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vestuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Michele Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Tania Ciaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Francesca Sansone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
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3
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Tabanty Zambou G, Tenyang N, Birault L, Kermarrec A, Gacel A, Kansci G, Meynier A, Guyot S, Ponka R. Effect of some local plant extracts on fatty acid composition of fish ( Alestes baremoze) during smoking and sun drying in the Far-North region of Cameroon. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5621-5637. [PMID: 37701218 PMCID: PMC10494655 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the antioxidant activities of three plant extracts (Moringa oleifera leaves, Xylopia aethiopica fruits, and Allium cepa leaves) and to evaluate their effects on the preservation of fish polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) during smoking and sun-drying processes. PUFAs are highly prone to oxidation during fish processing. The plant extracts were analyzed for their polyphenol contents and were evaluated for their total antiradical capacity. The polyphenol components of each plant were characterized. The hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts were added to the fish at concentrations of 3, 6, 9, and 12 g/L and 10, 20, 30, and 40 g/L, respectively. Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was used as a positive control at a concentration of 2 g/L to compare the antioxidant effects of the plant extracts. The treated fish was subjected to smoking or sun drying and the fatty acid composition of the fish lipid extract was assessed. The results showed that the total polyphenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents varied significantly from one plant extract to the other (p < .05). The radical scavenging and FRAP increased significantly with the concentration of the plant extracts (p < .05). An HPLC analysis of the extracts led to the preliminary identification of four hydroxycinnamic acids in M. oleifera and X. aethiopica, one anthocyanin and one flavone glycoside in M. oleifera, and four flavan-3-ols in X. aethiopica. Moreover, eight flavonols were preliminarily identified in the three plants. Compared to the control product, these plant extracts significantly protected fish PUFAs from oxidation (p < .05). The aqueous extract of A. cepa at 40 g/L better preserved omega-3 in fish during smoking and sun drying than the control product. Incorporating the three plant extracts during smoking and sun-drying processes can effectively preserve the PUFAs in fish. Therefore, these plants are viable sources of natural antioxidants in the preservation of fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noël Tenyang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
| | | | | | - Agnes Gacel
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions & Assemblies), PRP Group (Polyphenols, Reactivity, Processes)Le RheuFrance
| | - Germain Kansci
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaoundé IYaoundéCameroon
| | | | - Sylvain Guyot
- INRAE, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions & Assemblies), PRP Group (Polyphenols, Reactivity, Processes)Le RheuFrance
| | - Roger Ponka
- Department of Agriculture, Livestock and Derivated Products, National Advanced School of Engineering of MarouaUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon
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Fan K, Li Y, Fu Q, Wang J, Lin Y, Qiu L, Ran L, Yang J, Yang C. Bio-Assay-Guided Isolation of Fractions and Constituents with Antioxidant and Lipid-lowering Activity from Allium cepa. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1448. [PMID: 37507986 PMCID: PMC10376131 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Active fractions and constituents with antioxidant and lipid-lowering activities were investigated using bio-assay-guided isolation and identification. The data showed that the antioxidant fraction of A. cepa was AC50%, the main constituents of which were quercetin and isoquercitrin, by way of both ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and bio-assay-guided purification and elucidation. Similarly, the lipid-lowering active fraction of A. cepa was AC30% with the main constituents of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and quercetin 3,4'-O-diglucoside. Also, bio-assay-guided isolation led to the isolation and identification of five known compounds with a purity of more than 98%, and quercetin was both the best free radical scavenger and lipid-lowering constituent. Moreover, the mechanism of the lipid-lowering effect of AC30% might be its reduction in mRNA expression levels of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and FAS gene in lipid synthesis. Otherwise, reducing the mRNA expression level of lipid synthesis genes, including SREBP1, SREBP2, fatty acid synthetase (FASN), β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMGCR), stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and increasing the mRNA expression level of lipid decomposition gene, such as carnitine palmitoyl transferease-1 (CPT1), might be involved in the lipid-lowering activity of quercetin. This study suggested that Allium cepa might be used to prevent and treat oxidative stress and dislipidemia-related disorders, including NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongming Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
- Innovative Platform of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Qiaofeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Jinmin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Yong Lin
- School of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Linyu Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Li Ran
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Junli Yang
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Material Medica, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
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Kręcisz M, Kolniak-Ostek J, Łyczko J, Stępień B. Evaluation of bioactive compounds, volatile compounds, drying process kinetics and selected physical properties of vacuum impregnation celery dried by different methods. Food Chem 2023; 413:135490. [PMID: 36804740 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new healthy snack based on celery root enriched with vegetable juices. Vacuum impregnation was used the task of which was to introduce additional valuable substances, improving properties. Thus, prepared material was dried by various methods (sublimation, vacuum, convection) using optimal conditions for the process. In the tested sample, 41 bioactive compounds and 73 volatile compounds were identified. Vacuum impregnation of celery root in the juices of onion, kale and celery stalks significantly affected the profile of bioactive compounds, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), total phenolic content, antioxidant properties, drying process kinetics and physical properties of the dried products. The highest nutrient values were recorded in celery samples after impregnation with kale and onion juice. Due to its good functional and nutritional properties, the material such as celery obtained as a result vacuum impregnation process can be envisioned as the future in creating novel functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kręcisz
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Street 37a, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kolniak-Ostek
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Grain Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Street 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Bogdan Stępień
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Street 37a, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
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6
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Puišo J, Paškevičius A, Žvirgždas J, Dimitrova TL, Litvakas A, Adliene D. Application of Red Onion Peel Extract for Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles in Hydrogels Exhibiting Antimicrobial Properties. Gels 2023; 9:498. [PMID: 37367169 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
UV-initiated green synthesis of metal nanoparticles by using plant extracts as photoreducing agents is of particular interest since it is an environmentally friendly, easy-to-maintain, and cost-effective method. Plant molecules that act as reducing agents are assembled in a highly controlled way which makes them suitable for metal nanoparticle synthesis. Depending on the plant species, their application for green synthesis of metal nanoparticles for diverse applications may contribute to the mediation/reduction in organic waste amounts, thus enabling the implementation of the circular economy concept. In this work, UV-initiated green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles in hydrogels and hydrogel's thin films containing gelatin (matrix), red onion peel extract of different concentrations, water, and a small amount of 1 M AgNO3 have been investigated and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, SEM and EDS analysis, XRD technique, performing swelling experiments and antimicrobial tests using bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), yeasts (Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans) and microscopic fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus). It was found that the antimicrobial effectiveness of the silver-enriched red onion peel extract-gelatin films was higher at lower AgNO3 concentrations as compared to those usually used in the commercially available antimicrobial products. The enhancement of the antimicrobial effectiveness was analyzed and discussed, assuming the synergy between photoreducing agent (red onion peel extract) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) in the initial gel solutions leading to the intensification of Ag nanoparticles production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judita Puišo
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų Str. 50, LT-51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Algimantas Paškevičius
- Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Žvirgždas
- Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Institute of Botany, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos Str. 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Todorka L Dimitrova
- Faculty of Physics and Technology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski", Tzar Assen Str. 24, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Andrejus Litvakas
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų Str. 50, LT-51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Diana Adliene
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentų Str. 50, LT-51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
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7
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Wang H, Chen L, Yang B, Du J, Chen L, Li Y, Guo F. Structures, Sources, Identification/Quantification Methods, Health Benefits, Bioaccessibility, and Products of Isorhamnetin Glycosides as Phytonutrients. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081947. [PMID: 37111165 PMCID: PMC10143801 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, people have tended to consume phytonutrients and nutrients in their daily diets. Isorhamnetin glycosides (IGs) are an essential class of flavonoids derived from dietary and medicinal plants such as Opuntia ficus-indica, Hippophae rhamnoides, and Ginkgo biloba. This review summarizes the structures, sources, quantitative and qualitative analysis technologies, health benefits, bioaccessibility, and marketed products of IGs. Routine and innovative assay methods, such as IR, TLC, NMR, UV, MS, HPLC, UPLC, and HSCCC, have been widely used for the characterization and quantification of IGs. All of the therapeutic effects of IGs discovered to date are collected and discussed in this study, with an emphasis on the relevant mechanisms of their health-promoting effects. IGs exhibit diverse biological activities against cancer, diabetes, hepatic diseases, obesity, and thrombosis. They exert therapeutic effects through multiple networks of underlying molecular signaling pathways. Owing to these benefits, IGs could be utilized to make foods and functional foods. IGs exhibit higher bioaccessibility and plasma concentrations and longer average residence time in blood than aglycones. Overall, IGs as phytonutrients are very promising and have excellent application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lijia Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Binrui Yang
- Nutrition Science, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrition Science, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrition Science, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Grande R, Räisänen R, Dou J, Rajala S, Malinen K, Nousiainen PA, Österberg M. In Situ Adsorption of Red Onion ( Allium cepa) Natural Dye on Cellulose Model Films and Fabrics Exploiting Chitosan as a Natural Mordant. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5451-5463. [PMID: 36816685 PMCID: PMC9933475 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dyes and chemicals create an enormous impact on environmental pollution both in textile manufacturing and after the product's lifetime. Biobased plant-derived colorants and mordants have great potential for the development of more sustainable textile dyeing processes. Colorants isolated from biomass residues are renewable, biodegradable, and usually less harmful than their synthetic counterparts. Interestingly, they may also bring additional functions to the materials. However, the extraction and purification of the biocolorants from biomass as well as their dyeing efficiency and color fastness properties require a more thorough examination. Here, we extracted red onion (Allium cepa) skins to obtain polyphenolic flavonoids and anthocyanins as biocolorants, characterized the chemical composition of the mixture, and used a quartz crystal microbalance and thin films of cellulose nanofibrils to study the adsorption kinetics of dyes onto cellulose substrates in situ. The effect of different mordants on the adsorption behavior was also investigated. Comparison of these results with conventional dyeing experiments of textiles enabled us to determine the interaction mechanism of the dyes with substrates and mordants. Chitosan showed high potential as a biobased mordant based both on its ability to facilitate fast adsorption of polyphenols to cellulose and its ability to retain the purple color of the red onion dye (ROD) in comparison to the metal mordants FeSO4 and alum. The ROD also showed excellent UV-shielding efficiency at low concentrations, suggesting that biocolorants, due to their more complex composition compared to synthetic ones, can have multiple actions in addition to providing aesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Grande
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - Riikka Räisänen
- Craft
Science, University of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpenger 10, 00014Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jinze Dou
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - Satu Rajala
- Craft
Science, University of Helsinki, Siltavuorenpenger 10, 00014Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kiia Malinen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - Paula A. Nousiainen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
| | - Monika Österberg
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Vuorimiehentie 1, 02150Espoo, Finland
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Marrelli M, Argentieri MP, Alexa E, Meleleo D, Statti G, Avato P, Conforti F, Mallamaci R. Antioxidant activity and protective effect of the outer scales hydroalcoholic extract of Allium cepa L. var. Tropea on toxicity damage induced by Cadmium in Caco-2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 170:113495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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10
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Samota MK, Sharma M, Kaur K, Sarita, Yadav DK, Pandey AK, Tak Y, Rawat M, Thakur J, Rani H. Onion anthocyanins: Extraction, stability, bioavailability, dietary effect, and health implications. Front Nutr 2022; 9:917617. [PMID: 35967791 PMCID: PMC9363841 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.917617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are high-value compounds, and their use as functional foods and their natural colorant have potential health benefits. Anthocyanins seem to possess antioxidant properties, which help prevent neuronal diseases and thereby exhibit anti-inflammatory, chemotherapeutic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. They also show different therapeutic effects against various chronic diseases. Anthocyanins are present in high concentrations in onion. In recent years, although both conventional and improved methods have been used for extraction of anthocyanins, nowadays, improved methods are of great importance because of their higher yield and stability of anthocyanins. In this review, we compile anthocyanins and their derivatives found in onion and the factors affecting their stability. We also analyze different extraction techniques of anthocyanins. From this point of view, it is very important to be precisely aware of the impact that each parameter has on the stability and subsequently potentiate its bioavailability or beneficial health effects. We present up-to-date information on bioavailability, dietary effects, and health implications of anthocyanins such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticancerous, antiobesity, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Samota
- Horticulture Crop Processing (HCP) Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology (CIPHET), Punjab, India
| | - Madhvi Sharma
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kulwinder Kaur
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Sarita
- College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Yadav
- Division of Environmental Soil Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science (IISS), Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Abhay K Pandey
- Department of Mycology and Microbiology, Tea Research Association-North Bengal Regional R & D Center, Nagrakata, West Bengal, India
| | - Yamini Tak
- Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mandeep Rawat
- Department of Horticulture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Julie Thakur
- Department of Botany, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Heena Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Muscolo A, Mauriello F, Marra F, Calabrò PS, Russo M, Ciriminna R, Pagliaro M. AnchoisFert: A New Organic Fertilizer from Fish Processing Waste for Sustainable Agriculture. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2022; 6:2100141. [PMID: 35602407 PMCID: PMC9121761 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The "AnchoisFert", the solid residue comprised of milled anchovy leftovers after fish oil extraction with biobased limonene, is a powerful organic fertilizer. Employed to promote the growth of Tropea's red onion (Allium cepa), the fertilizer turns out to largely be superior to commonly used organic (manure) and chemical (nitrogen phosphorous potassium) fertilizers. Rich in proteins, organic carbon, flavonoids, magnesium, potassium, phosphate and sulfate, and devoid of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes, the new organic fertilizer can replace both conventional organic and inorganic fertilizers. This discovery closes the fishing material cycle for the most fished species across the seas opening the route to a new class of organic fertilizers of exceptional performance derived from abundant biowaste via a low-cost and environmentally-friendly circular economy process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Muscolo
- Dipartimento di AgrariaUniversità Mediterranea di Reggio CalabriaFeo di VitoReggio Calabria89124Italy
| | - Francesco Mauriello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria CivileEnergiaAmbiente e MaterialiUniversità Mediterranea di Reggio Calabriavia Graziella, Feo di VitoReggio Calabria89122Italy
| | - Federica Marra
- Dipartimento di AgrariaUniversità Mediterranea di Reggio CalabriaFeo di VitoReggio Calabria89124Italy
| | - Paolo Salvatore Calabrò
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria CivileEnergiaAmbiente e MaterialiUniversità Mediterranea di Reggio Calabriavia Graziella, Feo di VitoReggio Calabria89122Italy
| | - Mariateresa Russo
- Dipartimento di AgrariaUniversità Mediterranea di Reggio CalabriaFeo di VitoReggio Calabria89124Italy
| | - Rosaria Ciriminna
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiCNRvia U. La Malfa 153Palermo90146Italy
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali NanostrutturatiCNRvia U. La Malfa 153Palermo90146Italy
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12
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González-de-Peredo AV, Vázquez-Espinosa M, Espada-Bellido E, Ferreiro-González M, Carrera C, Barbero GF, Palma M. Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Onion Bulb (Allium cepa L.) Using Individual and Simultaneous Microwave-Assisted Extraction Methods. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050846. [PMID: 35624711 PMCID: PMC9137747 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the excellent beneficial properties that anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds give to the red onion bulbs, few articles have investigated modern extraction techniques or experimental designs in this field. For this reason, the present study proposes the development and optimization of alternative methods for the extraction of these compounds based on microwave-assisted extraction and the Box-Behnken experiment design. The optimal values for the extraction of total anthocyanins have been established at 62% methanol composition as a solvent, pH 2, 56 °C temperature, and 0.2:13 g:mL sample-solvent ratio. Regarding the extraction of total phenolic compounds, the optimal conditions have been established at 100% pure methanol as a solvent with pH 2, 57 °C temperature, and 0.2:8.8 g:mL sample-solvent ratio. Short extraction times (min), good recoveries (mg of bioactive compound g−1 of dry onion), and high repeatability and intermediate precision (coefficient of variation (%)) have been confirmed for both methods. Regarding total anthocyanins, the following results have been obtained: 2 min, 2.64 ± 0.093 mg of total anthocyanins g−1 of dry onion, and 2.51% and 3.12% for precision. Regarding phenolic compounds, the following results have been obtained: 15 min, 7.95 ± 0.084 mg of total phenolic compound g−1 of dry onion, and 3.62% and 4.56% for precision. Comparing these results with those of other authors and with those obtained in a previous study of ultrasound-assisted extraction, it can be confirmed that microwave-assisted extraction is a quantitative, repeatable, and very promising method for the extraction of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, which offers similar and even superior results with little solvent expense, time, and costs.
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13
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Drețcanu G, Știrbu I, Leoplold N, Cruceriu D, Danciu C, Stănilă A, Fărcaș A, Borda IM, Iuhas C, Diaconeasa Z. Chemical Structure, Sources and Role of Bioactive Flavonoids in Cancer Prevention: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11091117. [PMID: 35567117 PMCID: PMC9101215 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
There has been a major shift in the collective mindset around the world in recent decades, both in terms of food and in terms of the treatment of chronic diseases. Increasing numbers of people are choosing to prevent rather than treat, which is why many consumers are choosing plant-based diets, mainly due to their bioactive compounds. A significant case of bioactive compound is flavonoids-a wide subclass of an even wider class of phytochemicals: polyphenols. Flavonoids are a broad topic of study for researchers due to their potential in the prevention and treatment of a broad range of cancers. The aim of this review is to inform/update the reader on the diversity, accessibility and importance of flavonoids as biomolecules that are essential for optimal health, focusing on the potential of these compounds in the prevention of various types of cancer. Along with conventional sources, this review presents some of the possible methods for obtaining significant amounts of flavonoids based on a slightly different approach, genetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Drețcanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
| | - Ioana Știrbu
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.Ș.); (N.L.)
| | - Nicolae Leoplold
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.Ș.); (N.L.)
| | - Daniel Cruceriu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Babes-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta”, 34-36 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Danciu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Andreea Stănilă
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
| | - Anca Fărcaș
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
| | - Ileana Monica Borda
- Sixth Department of Medical Specialties, Medical Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristian Iuhas
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-264-596893
| | - Zorița Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Calea Mănăştur, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.D.); (A.S.); (A.F.); (Z.D.)
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Brahimi A, El Ouardi M, Kaouachi A, Boudboud A, Hajji L, Hajjaj H, Mazouz H. Characterization of the Biochemical Potential of Moroccan Onions ( Allium cepa L.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2022; 2022:2103151. [PMID: 35308133 PMCID: PMC8926551 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2103151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Allium cepa L. remains the most cultivated Allium species in Morocco and around the world. With the purpose of making the first biochemical characterization of Moroccan onions, several biochemical components have been measured in eleven onion ecotypes. Onions were collected as seeds from different geographical origins and cultivated in the same environment, to eliminate the influence of the environment on biochemical expression. Moisture, total phenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, total and reducing sugars, and sulfur dioxide were the biochemical properties of interest. Except for moisture, the eleven onion ecotypes revealed a highly significant variation in terms of the studied biochemical characters. The total phenol and flavonoid content ranged from 5.94 to 11.22 mg equivalent gallic acid/g dry weight and 0.67 to 1.52 mg equivalent quercetin/g dry weight, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the studied onions showed a strong correlation with the polyphenols (R 2 = 0.7189), especially with the flavonoids (R 2 = 0.8063). The sulfur dioxide content parted from 85.60 to 30.43 ppm when measured using the Monier-Williams distillation method. The current results show that there is no correlation between total sugars and reducing sugars. In conclusion, these findings present a clear biochemical profile of Moroccan onion ecotypes, as well as confirm, for the first time, the presence of a clear variation between the biochemical profiles of Moroccan onion ecotypes, which could be useful for future valorization programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Brahimi
- Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, P.B. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
- Cluster of Competency “Agri-Food, Safety and Security” IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP, 298 Meknes, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Ouardi
- Values, Society and Development Laboratory, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Amal Kaouachi
- Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, P.B. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Boudboud
- Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, P.B. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
- Cluster of Competency “Agri-Food, Safety and Security” IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP, 298 Meknes, Morocco
| | - Lhoussain Hajji
- Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, P.B. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
- Cluster of Competency “Agri-Food, Safety and Security” IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP, 298 Meknes, Morocco
| | - Hassan Hajjaj
- Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, P.B. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
- Cluster of Competency “Agri-Food, Safety and Security” IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP, 298 Meknes, Morocco
| | - Hamid Mazouz
- Biotechnology and Valorization of Biological Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, P.B. 11201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
- Cluster of Competency “Agri-Food, Safety and Security” IUC VLIR-UOS, Moulay Ismail University, Marjane 2, BP, 298 Meknes, Morocco
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15
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González-de-Peredo AV, Vázquez-Espinosa M, Espada-Bellido E, Ferreiro-González M, Carrera C, Barbero GF, Palma M. Development of Optimized Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods for the Recovery of Total Phenolic Compounds and Anthocyanins from Onion Bulbs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111755. [PMID: 34829626 PMCID: PMC8614850 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allium cepa L. is one of the most abundant vegetable crops worldwide. In addition to its versatile culinary uses, onion also exhibits quite interesting medicinal uses. Bulbs have a high content of bioactive compounds that are beneficial for human health. This study intends to develop and optimize two appropriate ultrasound-assisted methods for the extraction of the phenolic compounds and anthocyanins present in red onion. A response surface methodology was employed and, specifically, a Box–Behnken design, for the optimization of the methods. The optimal conditions for the extraction of the phenolic compounds were the follows: 53% MeOH as solvent, pH 2.6, 60 °C temperature, 30.1% amplitude, 0.43 s cycle, and 0.2:11 g sample/mL solvent ratio. On the other hand, the optimal conditions for the anthocyanins were as follows: 57% MeOH as solvent, pH 2, 60 °C temperature, 90% amplitude, 0.64 s cycle, and 0.2:15 g sample/mL solvent ratio. Both methods presented high repeatability and intermediate precision, as well as short extraction times with good recovery yields. These results illustrate that the use of ultrasound-assisted extraction, when properly optimized, is suitable for the extraction and quantification of the compounds of interest to determine and improve the quality of the raw material and its subproducts for consumers.
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Uttarawichien T, Khumsri W, Suwannalert P, Sibmooh N, Payuhakrit W. Onion Peel Extract Inhibits Cancer Cell Growth and Progression through the Roles of L1CAM, NF-κB, and Angiogenesis in HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:330-337. [PMID: 34737994 PMCID: PMC8531428 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an aggressive malignancy. Critical mechanisms that support CRC progression include cell migration, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, which is associated with L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In this study, viability of HT-29 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, and cell apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry assays. HT-29 cell migration and invasion were observed by wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively, and tube formation of HUVECs was observed by tubulogenesis assays. L1CAM and NF-κB protein expressions in HT-29 cells treated with onion peel extract were determined by indirect immunofluorescence. Results showed that high dose treatments of onion peel extract inhibited cell viability of both HT-29 cells and HUVECs, induced HT-29 cell apoptosis, and inhibited HT-29 cell migration and invasion. Moreover, onion peel extract decreased total HUVEC tube length and, at a concentration of 10 μg/mL, showed potential to downregulate L1CAM and NF-κB. In conclusion, onion peel extract inhibits HT-29 cell growth, migration, and invasion through suppressing pathways related to angiogenesis downstream of L1CAM-activated NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamonwan Uttarawichien
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wilunplus Khumsri
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Prasit Suwannalert
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nathawut Sibmooh
- Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan 10540, Thailand
| | - Witchuda Payuhakrit
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Vijayalakshmi G, Raja MM, Naik ML, Carbone V, Russo GL, Khan PSSV. Determination of antioxidant capacity and flavonoid composition of onion (Allium cepa L.) landrace ‘Krishnapuram’ bulb using HPLC-ESI-ITMS. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Comparative analysis of volatile profiles and phenolic compounds of Four Southern Italian onion (Allium cepa L.) Landraces. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Monitoring Onion Crop “Cipolla Rossa di Tropea Calabria IGP” Growth and Yield Response to Varying Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates Using UAV Imagery. DRONES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/drones5030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Remote sensing (RS) platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represent an essential source of information in precision agriculture (PA) as they are able to provide images on a daily basis and at a very high resolution. In this framework, this study aims to identify the optimal level of nitrogen (N)-based nutrients for improved productivity in an onion field of “Cipolla Rossa di Tropea” (Tropea red onion). Following an experiment that involved the arrangement of nine plots in the onion field in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications, three different levels of N fertilization were compared: N150 (150 kg N ha−1), N180 (180 kg N ha−1), and e N210 (210 kg N ha−1). The crop cycle was monitored using multispectral (MS) UAV imagery, producing vigor maps and taking into account the yield of data. The soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) was used to monitor the vigor of the crop. In addition, the coverage’s class onion was spatially identified using geographical object-based image classification (GEOBIA), observing differences in SAVI values obtained in plots subjected to differentiated N fertilizer treatment. The information retrieved from the analysis of soil properties (electrical conductivity, ammonium and nitrate nitrogen), yield performance and mean SAVI index data from each field plot showed significant relationships between the different indicators investigated. A higher onion yield was evident in plot N180, in which SAVI values were higher based on the production data.
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20
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González-de-Peredo AV, Vázquez-Espinosa M, Carrera C, Espada-Bellido E, Ferreiro-González M, F. Barbero G, Palma M. Development of a Rapid UHPLC-PDA Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Flavonol Contents in Onions ( Allium cepa L.). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040310. [PMID: 33915768 PMCID: PMC8066725 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Onion, one of the most consumed vegetables in the world, is also known to contain high levels of antioxidant compounds, with protective effects against different degenerative pathologies. Specifically, onion is rich in flavonols, mainly quercetin derivatives, which are compounds with high antioxidant and free radical scavenging power. For this reason, it is of the utmost importance to count on optimal analytical methods that allow for the determination and quantification of these compounds of interest. A rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-photo-diode array (PDA) method for the separation of the major flavonols in onions was developed using a Box–Behnken design in conjunction with multiresponse optimization on the basis of the desirability function. The conditions that provided a successful separation were 9.9% and 53.2% of phase B at the beginning and at the end of the gradient, respectively; 55 °C column working temperature; and 0.6 mL min−1 flow rate. The complete separation was achieved in less than 2.7 min with excellent chromatographic characteristics. The method was validated, and its high precision, low detection and quantification limits, good linearity, and robustness were confirmed. The correct applicability of the method improves the analysis of the raw material, increasing the quality of onions and its subproducts in terms of bioactive compounds and functional characteristics for consumers.
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21
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Pathology, Risk Factors, and Oxidative Damage Related to Type 2 Diabetes-Mediated Alzheimer's Disease and the Rescuing Effects of the Potent Antioxidant Anthocyanin. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4051207. [PMID: 33728019 PMCID: PMC7936905 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4051207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathology and neurodegeneration in type 2 diabetes- (T2D-) mediated Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been reported in several studies. Despite the lack of information regarding the basic underlying mechanisms involved in the development of T2D-mediated AD, some common features of the two conditions have been reported, such as brain atrophy, reduced cerebral glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance. T2D phenotypes such as glucose dyshomeostasis, insulin resistance, impaired insulin signaling, and systemic inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be involved in the progression of AD pathology by increasing amyloid-beta accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and overall neuroinflammation. Similarly, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the generation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) as a result of chronic hyperglycemia may serve as critical links between diabetes and AD. The natural dietary polyflavonoid anthocyanin enhances insulin sensitivity, attenuates insulin resistance at the level of the target tissues, inhibits free fatty acid oxidation, and abrogates the release of peripheral inflammatory cytokines in obese (prediabetic) individuals, which are responsible for insulin resistance, systemic hyperglycemia, systemic inflammation, brain metabolism dyshomeostasis, amyloid-beta accumulation, and neuroinflammatory responses. In this review, we have shown that obesity may induce T2D-mediated AD and assessed the recent therapeutic advances, especially the use of anthocyanin, against T2D-mediated AD pathology. Taken together, the findings of current studies may help elucidate a new approach for the prevention and treatment of T2D-mediated AD by using the polyflavonoid anthocyanin.
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22
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Celano R, Docimo T, Piccinelli AL, Gazzerro P, Tucci M, Di Sanzo R, Carabetta S, Campone L, Russo M, Rastrelli L. Onion Peel: Turning a Food Waste into a Resource. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020304. [PMID: 33669451 PMCID: PMC7920456 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Food waste is a serious problem for food processing industries, especially when it represents a loss of a valuable source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Increasing consumer demand for processed food poses the problem of minimizing waste by conversion into useful products. In this regard, onion (Allium cepa) waste consisting mainly of onion skin is rich in bioactive phenolic compounds. Here, we characterized the flavonoid profiles and biological activities of onion skin wastes of two traditional varieties with protected geographical indication (PGI), the red “Rossa di Tropea” and the coppery “Ramata di Montoro”, typically cultivated in a niche area in southern Italy. The phytochemical profiles of exhaustive extracts, characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet (UV) detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry, revealed that flavonols and anthocyanins were the characteristic metabolite classes of onion skins. Quercetin, quercetin glucosides and their dimer and trimer derivatives, and, among anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-glucoside, were the most abundant bioactive compounds. The potential of onion skins was evaluated by testing several biological activities: ABTS/oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and in vitro alpha-glucosidase assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of the extracts and of their main compounds, respectively, and proliferative activity was evaluated by MTT assay on human fibroblasts. In the present study, by observing various biological properties of “Rossa di Tropea” and “Ramata di Montoro” onion-dried skins, we clearly indicated that this agricultural waste can provide bioactive molecules for multiple applications, from industrial to nutraceutical and cosmetical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Celano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.C.); (P.G.); (L.R.)
| | - Teresa Docimo
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; (T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Anna Lisa Piccinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.C.); (P.G.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.C.); (P.G.); (L.R.)
| | - Marina Tucci
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources, National Research Council, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; (T.D.); (M.T.)
| | - Rosa Di Sanzo
- Department of Agriculture Science, Food Chemistry, Safety and Sensoromic Laboratory (FoCuSS Lab), University of Reggio Calabria, Via Salita Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Sonia Carabetta
- Department of Agriculture Science, Food Chemistry, Safety and Sensoromic Laboratory (FoCuSS Lab), University of Reggio Calabria, Via Salita Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Luca Campone
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Mariateresa Russo
- Department of Agriculture Science, Food Chemistry, Safety and Sensoromic Laboratory (FoCuSS Lab), University of Reggio Calabria, Via Salita Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (R.D.S.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Luca Rastrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (R.C.); (P.G.); (L.R.)
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Antioxidant and Chemopreventive Effect of Aliophen ® Formulation Based on Malts and Hops. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:antiox10010029. [PMID: 33396660 PMCID: PMC7823394 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies evidenced the health effects of moderate consumption of beer, mainly due to the presence of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, vitamins, or fibers. To exploit the potential beneficial effect on health and in disease prevention of these compounds, a new beverage based on barley malts and hops named Aliophen® has been designed, through a patented production process, with a high total polyphenolic amount compared to alcohol-free beer and similar to the one present in light and dark beers. In the present study, the antioxidant activity of Aliophen® against low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and its ability to protect erythrocytes from hemolysis have been characterized. Moreover, the chemopreventive effect of Aliophen® against colon cancer has been assessed, employing a mouse model of chemically induced carcinogenesis using azoxymethane (AOM). Data obtained showed that Aliophen at a low dose (3 mg/kg) inhibited the formation of preneoplastic lesions, polyps, and tumors. At higher doses (300 mg/kg) the protective effect was measured in the first phase of the onset of cancer. The antioxidant properties of Aliophen® were also observed in AOM-treated mice where it increased the serum antioxidant capacity. Based on the data presented, Aliophen® can exert promising health effects, including an anticancer capacity presumably associated with its antioxidant properties.
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Diaconeasa Z, Știrbu I, Xiao J, Leopold N, Ayvaz Z, Danciu C, Ayvaz H, Stǎnilǎ A, Nistor M, Socaciu C. Anthocyanins, Vibrant Color Pigments, and Their Role in Skin Cancer Prevention. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E336. [PMID: 32916849 PMCID: PMC7555344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Until today, numerous studies evaluated the topic of anthocyanins and various types of cancer, regarding the anthocyanins' preventative and inhibitory effects, underlying molecular mechanisms, and such. However, there is no targeted review available regarding the anticarcinogenic effects of dietary anthocyanins on skin cancers. If diagnosed at the early stages, the survival rate of skin cancer is quite high. Nevertheless, the metastatic form has a short prognosis. In fact, the incidence of melanoma skin cancer, the type with high mortality, has increased exponentially over the last 30 years, causing the majority of skin cancer deaths. Malignant melanoma is considered a highly destructive type of skin cancer due to its particular capacity to grow and spread faster than any other type of cancers. Plants, in general, have been used in disease treatment for a long time, and medicinal plants are commonly a part of anticancer drugs on the market. Accordingly, this work primarily aims to emphasize the most recent improvements on the anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanins from different plant sources, with an in-depth emphasis on melanoma skin cancer. We also briefly summarized the anthocyanin chemistry, their rich dietary sources in flowers, fruits, and vegetables, as well as their associated potential health benefits. Additionally, the importance of anthocyanins in topical applications such as their use in cosmetics is also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorița Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Știrbu
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Nicolae Leopold
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Zayde Ayvaz
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Technology Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey;
| | - Corina Danciu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Huseyin Ayvaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey;
| | - Andreea Stǎnilǎ
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mǎdǎlina Nistor
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Taglienti A, Tiberini A, Ciampa A, Piscopo A, Zappia A, Tomassoli L, Poiana M, Dell'Abate MT. Metabolites response to onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) infection in 'Rossa di Tropea' onion during storage: a 1 H HR-MAS NMR study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:3418-3427. [PMID: 32166770 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant viral infections induce changes in metabolic components in the host plant, with potential effects on compositional, organoleptic and storability features of agricultural products. Identification of modulated metabolites may provide clues concerning pathways implementing responses in plant-pathogen interactions. A time course study of metabolic fingerprinting of onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV)-infected versus healthy 'Rossa di Tropea' onion bulbs was performed using proton high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H HR-MAS NMR) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), providing an overview of the metabolic state of the bulb in response to OYDV infection during storage. RESULTS Metabolites accumulated/depleted upon infection were identified, belonging to flavonoid, saccharide, amino acid and organic acid classes. A decrease in quercetin glucosides content and antioxidant activity was observed in infected bulbs; some amino acids (Arg, Asn, Phe, Val) accumulated, while others were depleted (Leu); for some metabolites, a bimodal time-course was observed during storage (Glc, Lys). Virus interference on metabolic pathways, and the effects of the metabolic shift on edible product storability, organoleptic and nutritional quality were discussed. CONCLUSIONS OYDV infection induces a metabolic shift in 'Rossa di Tropea' onion during bulb storage, involving several pathways and affecting storability and organoleptic and nutritional quality of bulbs at marketable stage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Taglienti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Tiberini
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ciampa
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Amalia Piscopo
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Angela Zappia
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Laura Tomassoli
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Poiana
- Department of Agricultural Science, University 'Mediterraena' of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Dell'Abate
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Rome, Italy
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Khan MS, Ikram M, Park JS, Park TJ, Kim MO. Gut Microbiota, Its Role in Induction of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology, and Possible Therapeutic Interventions: Special Focus on Anthocyanins. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040853. [PMID: 32244729 PMCID: PMC7226756 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut is a safe environment for several microbes that are symbiotic and important for the wellbeing of human health. However, studies on gut microbiota in different animals have suggested that changes in the composition and structure of these microbes may promote gut inflammation by releasing inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides, gut-wall leakage, and may affect systemic inflammatory and immune mechanisms that are important for the normal functioning of the body. There are many factors that aid in the gut’s dysbiosis and neuroinflammation, including high stress levels, lack of sleep, fatty and processed foods, and the prolonged use of antibiotics. These neurotoxic mechanisms of dysbiosis may increase susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. Therefore, studies have recently been conducted to tackle AD-like conditions by specifically targeting gut microbes that need further elucidation. It was suggested that gut dyshomeostasis may be regulated by using available options, including the use of flavonoids such as anthocyanins, and restriction of the use of high-fatty-acid-containing food. In this review, we summarize the gut microbiota, factors promoting it, and possible therapeutic interventions especially focused on the therapeutic potential of natural dietary polyflavonoid anthocyanins. Our study strongly suggests that gut dysbiosis and systemic inflammation are critically involved in the development of neurodegenerative disorders, and the natural intake of these flavonoids may provide new therapeutic opportunities for preclinical or clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Khan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.S.K.); (M.I.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.S.K.); (M.I.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Jun Sung Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.S.K.); (M.I.); (J.S.P.)
| | - Tae Ju Park
- Paul O’Gorman Leukaemia Research, Centre Institute of Cancer, Sciences University of Glasgow, 0747 657 5394 Glasgow, UK;
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK 21), College of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (M.S.K.); (M.I.); (J.S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1345; Fax: +82-55-772-2656
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Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Sut S, Dall'Acqua S, Ilardi V, Leporini M, Falco T, Sicari V, Bruno M. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS n) Analysis and Bioactivity Useful for Prevention of "Diabesity" of Allium commutatum Guss. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:124-130. [PMID: 31722087 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the chemical profile obtained by HPLC-ESI-MSn analysis, the inhibitory activity of enzymes linked to obesity (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase) and the antioxidant properties (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and β-carotene bleaching tests) of ethanol extracts of bulbs (BE) and aerial parts (APE) from Allium commutatum Guss. (known in Italy as "aglio delle isole"). The chemical profile revealed alliin as the main abundant compound with values of 31.5 and 38.8 mg/g extract for BE and APE, respectively. APE is rich also in quercetin (38.5 mg/g extract) and luteolin (31.8 mg/g extract). Bulbs extract exhibited the highest activity as inhibitor of enzymes linked to obesity. Except for DPPH test, APE showed the highest antioxidant potential with IC50 of 7.6 and 56.6 μg/mL in ABTS and β-carotene bleaching test after 60 min of incubation, respectively. In conclusion, the present investigation revealed A. commutatum bulbs and aerial parts as a promising source of inhibitors of enzyme linked to the obesity and of antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefania Sut
- Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ilardi
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi, 26, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Tiziana Falco
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Sicari
- Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, 89123, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans II, IT-90128, Palermo, Italy
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Ricciardi L, Mazzeo R, Marcotrigiano AR, Rainaldi G, Iovieno P, Zonno V, Pavan S, Lotti C. Assessment of Genetic Diversity of the "Acquaviva Red Onion" ( Allium cepa L.) Apulian Landrace. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9020260. [PMID: 32085407 PMCID: PMC7076509 DOI: 10.3390/plants9020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the second most important vegetable crop worldwide and is widely appreciated for its health benefits. Despite its significant economic importance and its value as functional food, onion has been poorly investigated with respect to its genetic diversity. Herein, we surveyed the genetic variation in the “Acquaviva red onion” (ARO), a landrace with a century-old history of cultivation in a small town in the province of Bari (Apulia, Southern of Italy). A set of 11 microsatellite markers were used to explore the genetic variation in a germplasm collection consisting of 13 ARO populations and three common commercial types. Analyses of genetic structure with parametric and non-parametric methods highlighted that the ARO represents a well-defined gene pool, clearly distinct from the Tropea and Montoro landraces with which it is often mistaken. In order to provide a description of bulbs, usually used for fresh consumption, soluble solid content and pungency were evaluated, showing higher sweetness in the ARO with respect to the two above mentioned landraces. Overall, the present study is useful for the future valorization of the ARO, which could be promoted through quality labels which could contribute to limit commercial frauds and improve the income of smallholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ricciardi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding Unit University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (A.R.M.); (V.Z.); (S.P.)
| | - Rosa Mazzeo
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Angelo Raffaele Marcotrigiano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding Unit University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (A.R.M.); (V.Z.); (S.P.)
| | - Guglielmo Rainaldi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceuticals, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Paolo Iovieno
- Department of Energy Technologies, Bioenergy, Biorefinery and Green Chemistry Division, ENEA Trisaia Research Center, S.S. 106 Ionica, km 419+500, 75026 Rotondella (MT), Italy;
| | - Vito Zonno
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding Unit University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (A.R.M.); (V.Z.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Pavan
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, Plant Genetics and Breeding Unit University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (L.R.); (A.R.M.); (V.Z.); (S.P.)
| | - Concetta Lotti
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (C.L.)
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Maruca A, Catalano R, Bagetta D, Mesiti F, Ambrosio FA, Romeo I, Moraca F, Rocca R, Ortuso F, Artese A, Costa G, Alcaro S, Lupia A. The Mediterranean Diet as source of bioactive compounds with multi-targeting anti-cancer profile. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111579. [PMID: 31398616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many bioactive agents have been extracted from plants or belong to functional foods and have been considered in the treatment of serious and multifactorial diseases, such as cancer. In particular, this review is focused on the anti-cancer properties owned by several natural products typically from the Mediterranean area. In some regions of the South of Italy, a lower cancer incidence has been observed. There is increasing evidence that adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern correlates with reduced risk of several cancer types. This could be mainly attributed to the typical lifestyle aspects of the Mediterranean diet, such as high consumption of fruit and vegetables. In this review, the main natural products of the Mediterranean area are discussed, with particular attention on their anti-cancer properties endowed with multi-target profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaella Catalano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Bagetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Mesiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine "Magna Græcia" University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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Saviano G, Paris D, Melck D, Fantasma F, Motta A, Iorizzi M. Metabolite variation in three edible Italian Allium cepa L. by NMR-based metabolomics: a comparative study in fresh and stored bulbs. Metabolomics 2019; 15:105. [PMID: 31325058 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In fruits and vegetables, comparative analysis of metabolic plant profiles has a high potential for quality control of active components. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is used fresh or stored as food, spice, and in traditional medicine. Its metabolic content, often with nutraceutical value, makes its level an important factor in agronomic production. OBJECTIVE To describe for the first time the metabolome of "San Pietro" white onion (WP), and compare its chemical profile with the red onion var. Tropea (RT) and the yellow onion var. Montoro (CM). Furthermore, we also aim to obtain a multivariate model based on NMR fingerprints to discriminate the three Italian A. cepa L. cultivars. METHODS For the chemical fingerprinting we used NMR-based metabolomics. We investigated the aqueous and chloroform extracts of fresh onion at harvesting time, and after 9-month storage. Principal component analysis (PCA), Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS-DA) were used to build reliable models. RESULTS We obtained a clear discrimination of A. cepa L. varieties for the fresh and stored batches. The statistical model highlighted higher levels of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) in the fresh WP; RT showed a high content of glucose, citrate and amino acids, while CM had many sulfur components. In the stored samples (CMS, RTS), carbohydrates and sulfur components decreased, while in WPS the free monosaccharides concentration increased. Linoleic acid was overexpressed in the apolar extracts of CMF and WPF cultivars. CONCLUSION Metabolomics allows a reliable differentiation among onion varieties, and highlights the potential of fingerprinting for food authentication purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Saviano
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090, Pesche (Isernia), Italy
| | - Debora Paris
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Comprensorio Olivetti, Edificio A, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Dominique Melck
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Comprensorio Olivetti, Edificio A, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy
| | - Francesca Fantasma
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090, Pesche (Isernia), Italy
| | - Andrea Motta
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare del CNR, Comprensorio Olivetti, Edificio A, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy.
| | - Maria Iorizzi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090, Pesche (Isernia), Italy.
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Phytochemical Characterization of Five Edible Purple-Reddish Vegetables: Anthocyanins, Flavonoids, and Phenolic Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081536. [PMID: 31003505 PMCID: PMC6514853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetables comprise a significant portion of our daily diet with their high content in nutrients including fiber, vitamins, minerals, as well as phenolic compounds. Vegetable consumption has been shown to be positively associated with the prevention of several degenerative diseases thanks to their bioactive compounds. Accordingly, five selected vegetables, namely, red chicory, red onion, eggplant, purple sweet potato, and black carrot were thoroughly assessed for their phenolic content in this study. For this purpose, the total phenolic and flavonoid content of these five vegetables and their antioxidant activities that are based on three common methods ABTS radical cation decolorization assay (ABTS), Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC), and DPPH scavenging activity assay were determined. Additionally, HPLC-PDA/Electrospray ionization coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA/-ESI+-MS)-based identification and quantification of the members belonging to polyphenols present in each vegetable were determined. Statistical correlations between antioxidant activities and the specific type of phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phenolic acids were further elucidated. Phenolic acids (chlorogenic and syringic acids) were found to be the most abundant compounds that are present in all samples. Among the anthocyanins, cyaniding derivatives were present in all vegetables. In terms of their antioxidant activities, the analyzed vegetables were ranked as red chicory > purple sweet potato > black carrot > eggplant > red onion, in descending order. Superior antioxidant activities exhibited by red chicory and purple sweet potato were attributed to the high content of phenolic compounds, especially flavonols (quercetin-3,4-O-diglucoside) in red chicory and anthocyanins (peonidin-3-caffeoyl p-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside-5-glucoside) in purple sweet potato.
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Evaluation of the antioxidant potential of myricetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and myricetin 4′-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside through a computational study. J Mol Model 2019; 25:89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3959-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Moisture sorption isotherms and quality characteristics of onion powder during storage as affected by sprouting. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Banihani SA. Testosterone in Males as Enhanced by Onion ( Allium Cepa L.). Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9020075. [PMID: 30795630 PMCID: PMC6406961 DOI: 10.3390/biom9020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone (17β-Hydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one) is the main sex hormone in males. Maintaining and enhancing testosterone level in men is an incessant target for many researchers. Examples of such research approaches is to utilize specific types of food or dietary supplements as a safe and easily reached means. Here, specifically, since 1967 until now, many research studies have revealed the effect of onion on testosterone; however, this link has yet to be collectively reviewed or summarized. To accomplish this contribution, we searched the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases for full articles or abstracts (published in English language) from April 1967 through December 2018 using the keywords “onion” versus “testosterone”. In addition, a number of related published articles from the same databases were included to improve the integrity of the discussion, and hence the edge of the future directions. In summary, there is an evidence that onions enhance testosterone level in males. The mechanisms by which this occurs is mainly by increasing the production of luteinizing hormone, enhancing the antioxidant defense mechanism in the tests, neutralizing the damaging effects of the generated free radicals, ameliorating insulin resistance, promoting nitric oxide production, and altering the activity of adenosine 5′-monophosphate -activated protein kinase. However, this effect requires further approval in humans, mainly by conducting clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Ali Banihani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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Loredana L, Giuseppina A, Filomena N, Florinda F, Marisa DM, Donatella A. Biochemical, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity of different onion varieties in the Mediterranean area. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Marrelli M, Amodeo V, Statti G, Conforti F. Biological Properties and Bioactive Components of Allium cepa L.: Focus on Potential Benefits in the Treatment of Obesity and Related Comorbidities. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010119. [PMID: 30598012 PMCID: PMC6337254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Common onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the oldest cultivated plants, utilized worldwide as both vegetable and flavouring. This species is known to contain sulphur amino acids together with many vitamins and minerals. A variety of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phytosterols and saponins, have also been identified. Despite the predominant use of this plant as food, a wide range of beneficial effects have also been proved. Different biological properties, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic, have been reported. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the studies concerning the beneficial effects of this species against obesity and its related comorbidities, such as hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and diabetes. Both in vitro and in vivo results about onion dietary supplementation have been taken into account. Furthermore, this review examines the possible role of onion bioactive components in modulating or preventing weight-gain or related diseases, as well as the possible mechanisms behind their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Valentina Amodeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
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OGBUAGU NE, ALUWONG T, AYO JO, SUMANU VO. Effect of fisetin and probiotic supplementation on erythrocyte osmotic fragility, malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase activity in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 80:1895-1900. [PMID: 30404955 PMCID: PMC6305513 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate effects of fisetin and probiotic on erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. Sixty day-old broilers were divided into: Group I (control) given distilled water; Group II, fisetin (5 mg/kg); Group III, probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae (4.125 × 106 cfu/100 ml); and Group IV, fisetin (5 mg/kg) + probiotic (4.125 × 106 cfu/100 ml) orally for 7 days. Blood samples collected from 42-day-old birds were evaluated for EOF, serum MDA concentration and SOD activity. Percentage EOF at 0.5% NaCl was lower (P<0.05) in fisetin, probiotic and fisetin + probiotic groups (34.26 ± 0.98%, 35.65 ± 0.81% and 34.25 ± 1.98%, respectively) than in controls (48.42 ± 0.40%). The MDA concentrations in broiler chickens administered with fisetin (14.37 ± 1.15 nmol/l), probiotic (5.66 ± 1.06 nmol/l) and fisetin + probiotic (4.136 ± 0.58 nmol/l) were lower (P<0.05) than in controls (22.64 ± 2.95 nmol/l). Activities of SOD were higher (P<0.05) in fisetin, probiotic and fisetin + probiotic broiler chickens (6.34 ± 0.24 IU/l, 5.67 ± 0.09 IU/l and 5.93 ± 0.13 IU/l, respectively) than in controls (5.37 ± 0.09 IU/l). Fisetin + probiotic ameliorated oxidative stress changes in broiler chickens better than fisetin or probiotic alone. In conclusion, administration of fisetin or probiotic and, especially their combination, decreased EOF, lipoperoxidation and increased superoxide dismutase activity in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngozi Ejum OGBUAGU
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, P.O. Box 2555, Nigeria
| | - Tagang ALUWONG
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, P.O. Box 2555, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Olusegun AYO
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, P.O. Box 2555, Nigeria
| | - Victory Osirimade SUMANU
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, P.O. Box 2555, Nigeria
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Majid I, Hussain S, Nanda V. Impact of sprouting on the degradation kinetics of color and vitamin C of onion powder packaged in different packaging materials. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ishrat Majid
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition; Lovely Professional University; Phagwara India
| | - Shafat Hussain
- Division of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries; Sher-e -Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology; Srinagar India
| | - Vikas Nanda
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology; Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology (Deemed University); Longowal India
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Xiao YC, Liu LT, Bian JJ, Yan CQ, Ye L, Zhao MX, Huang QS, Wang W, Liang K, Shi ZF, Ke X. Identification of multiple constituents in shuganjieyu capsule and rat plasma after oral administration by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and ion trap mass spectrometry. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2017.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. C. Xiao
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - L. T. Liu
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - J. J. Bian
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - C. Q. Yan
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - L. Ye
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - M. X. Zhao
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - Q. S. Huang
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - W. Wang
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - K. Liang
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - Z. F. Shi
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
| | - X. Ke
- Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P.R. China
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Amarowicz R, Pegg RB. The Potential Protective Effects of Phenolic Compounds against Low-density Lipoprotein Oxidation. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:2754-2766. [PMID: 28356039 DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170329142936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact mechanism(s) of atherosclerosis in humans remains elusive, but one theory hypothesizes that this deleterious process results from the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Research suggests that foods rich in dietary phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity can mitigate the extent of LDL oxidation in vivo. With regard to the different classes of flavonoids, there appears to be a structurefunction relationship between the various moieties/constituents attached to the flavonoids' three ring system and their impact at retarding LDL oxidation. METHODS This article summarizes the findings to date of both in vitro and in vivo studies using foods or phenolic extracts isolated from foodstuffs at inhibiting the incidence of LDL oxidation. Three bases: SCOPUS, Web Science, and PubMed were used for search. RESULTS An often used method for the determination of antioxidant properties of natural phenolic compounds is the LDL oxidation assay. LDLs are isolated from human plasma and their oxidation is induced by Cu2+ ions or 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH). The sample is incubated with a phenolic extract or individual/isolated phenolic compounds. LDL oxidation is then monitored by various chemical methods (e.g., measurement of the generation of conjugated dienes and trienes). This technique confirmed the antioxidant properties of several extracts as obtained from plant material (e.g., grapes, berries, orange, grapefruit, coffee, tea, chocolate, olives, nuts) as well as the individual phenolic compounds (e.g., luteolinidin, apigenidin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, catechin, quercetin, rutin). Several studies in vivo confirmed protective effects of phenolic compounds against LDL oxidation. They covered the healthy subjects with hyperlipidaemia, overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome, heavy smokers, patients receiving haemodialysis, patients with peripheral vascular disease, and subjects at high cardiovascular risk. The studies comprise individuals of all ages, and the number of participants in the different experiments varied widely. CONCLUSION Properly designed double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trials offer stronger evidence as to the impact of dietary phenolics consumption at retarding LDL oxidation. More such clinical trials are needed to strengthen the hypothesis that foods rich in dietary phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity can mitigate the extent of LDL oxidation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Amarowicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima Street 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ronald B Pegg
- Department of Food Science & Technology, The University of Georgia, 100 Cedar Street, Athens, GA, 30602-2610, United States
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Rheological, thermal, micro structural and functional properties of freeze dried onion powders as affected by sprouting. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lee W, Lee Y, Kim J, Bae JS. Protective Effects of Pelargonidin on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Hepatic Failure. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelargonidin (PEL) is a well-known red pigment found in plants and has important biological activities that are potentially beneficial for human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PEL on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver failure in mice, and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Liver failure was induced by LPS (15 mg/kg, i.p) in mice, and 12 h later, they were treated intravenously with PEL. Administration of LPS significantly increased mortality, serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and inflammatory cytokines, and expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein; PEL treatment effectively countered these effects of LPS. Further, LPS treatment markedly increased the expression of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and expressions of nuclear proteins, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB and phosphorylated c-Jun. Additionally, LPS increased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. All these effects of LPS were attenuated by PEL. In addition, the LPS-mediated increase in the level of serum interferon (IFN)-β expression of the TLR-associated activator of IFN (TRIF) protein, and phosphorylation of IFN regulator factor 3 (IRF3) were reduced by PEL. Our results suggest that PEL attenuates LPS-induced liver damage by inhibition of the TLR-mediated inflammatory pathway and could be used to treat liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Manohar CM, Xue J, Murayyan A, Neethirajan S, Shi J. Antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Ontario grown onion varieties using pressurized low polarity water technology. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Jeong S, Ku SK, Bae JS. Anti-inflammatory effects of pelargonidin on TGFBIp-induced responses. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:372-381. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β induced protein (TGFBIp) is an extracellular matrix protein expressed in several cell types in response to TGF-β. TGFBIp is released by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and functions as a mediator of experimental sepsis. Pelargonidin (PEL) is a well-known red pigment found in plants, and has been reported as having important biological activities that are potentially beneficial for human health. This study was undertaken to investigate whether PEL can modulate TGFBIp-mediated inflammatory responses in HUVECs and in mice. The anti-inflammatory activities of PEL were determined by measuring permeability, leukocyte adhesion and migration, and activation of proinflammatory proteins in TGFBIp-activated HUVECs and mice. In addition, the beneficial effects of PEL on survival rate in a mouse sepsis model were tested. We found that PEL inhibited TGFBIp-induced barrier disruption, expression of cell adhesion molecules and adhesion/transendothelial migration of neutrophils to human endothelial cells. PEL also suppressed TGFBIp-induced hyperpermeability and leukocyte migration in vivo. These results suggest that PEL possesses anti-inflammatory properties that result in inhibition of hyperpermeability, expression of cell adhesion molecules, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongdo Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Kwang Ku
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Zeng Y, Li Y, Yang J, Pu X, Du J, Yang X, Yang T, Yang S. Therapeutic Role of Functional Components in Alliums for Preventive Chronic Disease in Human Being. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:9402849. [PMID: 28261311 PMCID: PMC5316450 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9402849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. Functional components in alliums have long been maintained to play a key role in modifying the major risk factors for chronic disease. To obtain a better understanding of alliums for chronic disease prevention, we conducted a systematic review for risk factors and prevention strategies for chronic disease of functional components in alliums, based on a comprehensive English literature search that was conducted using various electronic search databases, especially the PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and CNKI for the period 2007-2016. Allium genus especially garlic, onion, and Chinese chive is rich in organosulfur compounds, quercetin, flavonoids, saponins, and others, which have anticancer, preventive cardiovascular and heart diseases, anti-inflammation, antiobesity, antidiabetes, antioxidants, antimicrobial activity, neuroprotective and immunological effects, and so on. These results support Allium genus; garlic and onion especially may be the promising dietotherapeutic vegetables and organopolysulfides as well as quercetin mechanism in the treatment of chronic diseases. This review may be used as scientific basis for the development of functional food, nutraceuticals, and alternative drugs to improve the chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Yuxi Agriculture Vocation-Technical College, Yunnan, Yuxi 653106, China
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
- Kunming Tiankang Science & Technology Limited Company, Yunnan, Kunming 650231, China
| | - Xiaoying Pu
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Juan Du
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Shuming Yang
- Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China
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Suppressive effects of pelargonidin on PolyPhosphate-mediated vascular inflammatory responses. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 40:258-267. [PMID: 27826751 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0856-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports suggest that human endothelial cells-derived PolyPhosphate (PolyP) is one of the pro-inflammatory mediators. As a well-known red pigment and found in plants, Pelargonidin (PEL) has been known to have several biological activates which are beneficial for human health. This study was undertaken to investigate whether PEL can modulate PolyP-mediated inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in mice. The anti-inflammatory activities of PEL were determined by measuring permeability, leukocytes adhesion and migration, and activation of pro-inflammatory proteins in PolyP-activated HUVECs and mice. In addition, the beneficial effects of PEL on survival rate in PolyP-injected mice. We found that PEL inhibits PolyP-mediated barrier disruption, the expressions of cell adhesion molecules, and leukocyte to HUVEC adhesion/migration. Interestingly, PolyP-induced NF-κB activation and the productions of TNF-α and IL-6 were inhibited by PEL in HUVECs. These anti-inflammatory functions of PEL were confirmed in PolyP injected mice. These results suggest that PEL have therapeutic potential for various systemic inflammatory diseases.
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Patra JK, Das G, Paramithiotis S, Shin HS. Kimchi and Other Widely Consumed Traditional Fermented Foods of Korea: A Review. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1493. [PMID: 27733844 PMCID: PMC5039233 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Different types of fermented foods such as chongkukjang, doenjang, ganjang, gochujang, and kimchi are plentifully available and widely consumed in north eastern Asian countries including Korea. Among them, kimchi is one of the most popular Korean traditional food. It is prepared by fermenting the baechu cabbage together with other vegetables and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with functional potential. Many types of ingredients are added to kimchi to enhance its taste, flavor, nutritional value, texture etc. A number of bacteria are involved in the fermentation of kimchi, but LAB are the dominant species in the fermentation process. The addition of other sub ingredients and formation of different by-products during fermentation eventually leads to eradication of putrefactive and pathogenic bacteria, and also increase the functionalities, nutritional and nutraceutical potential of kimchi. Kimchi possesses anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiobesity, probiotic properties, cholesterol reduction, and antiaging properties. In the present review an attempt has been made to review the different types of fermented foods found in the Korean peninsula with detailed scientific research regarding preparation, processing, structure of the microecosystem, and health benefits of kimchi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul Goyang, South Korea
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul Goyang, South Korea
| | - Spiros Paramithiotis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul Goyang, South Korea
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Bakr RO, El Bishbishy MH. Profile of bioactive compounds of Capparis spinosa var. aegyptiaca growing in Egypt. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Baldé AM, Traoré MS, Baldé MA, Barry MS, Diallo A, Camara M, Traoré S, Kouyaté M, Traoré S, Ouo-Ouo S, Myanthé AL, Keita N, Haba NL, Goumou K, Bah F, Camara A, Diallo MST, Sylla M, Baldé ES, Diané S, Pieters L, Oularé K. Ethnomedical and ethnobotanical investigations on the response capacities of Guinean traditional health practioners in the management of outbreaks of infectious diseases: The case of the Ebola virus epidemic. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 182:137-149. [PMID: 26900129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The recent outbreak of Ebola virus infections has mostly remained confined to the West African countries Guinea-Conakry, Sierra-Leone and Liberia. Due to intense national and international mobilizations, a significant reduction in Ebola virus transmission has been recorded. While international efforts focus on new vaccines, medicines and diagnostics, no coherent national or international approach exists to integrate the potential of the traditional health practitioners (THPs) in the management of infectious diseases epidemics. Nevertheless, the first contact of most of the Ebola infected patients is with the THPs since the symptoms are similar to those of common traditionally treated diseases or symptoms such as malaria, hemorrhagic syndrome, typhoid or other gastrointestinal diseases, fever and vomiting. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an ethnomedical survey conducted in the 4 main Guinean regions contacts were established with a total of 113 THPs. The socio-demographic characteristics, the professional status and the traditional perception of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) were recorded. RESULTS The traditional treatment of the main symptoms was based on 47 vegetal recipes which were focused on the treatment of diarrhea (22 recipes), fever (22 recipes), vomiting (2 recipes), external antiseptic (2 recipes), hemorrhagic syndrome (2 recipes), convulsion and dysentery (one recipe each). An ethnobotanical survey led to the collection of 54 plant species from which 44 identified belonging to 26 families. The most represented families were Euphorbiaceae, Caesalpiniaceae and Rubiaceae. Literature data on the twelve most cited plant species tends to corroborate their traditional use and to highlight their pharmacological potential. CONCLUSIONS It is worth to document all available knowledge on the traditional management of EVD-like symptoms in order to evaluate systematically the anti-Ebola potential of Guinean plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Baldé
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea.
| | - M S Traoré
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea
| | - M A Baldé
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea
| | - M S Barry
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Faculté des Sciences, Université Julius Nyéréréde Kankan, Guinea
| | - A Diallo
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - M Camara
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - S Traoré
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - M Kouyaté
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - S Traoré
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - S Ouo-Ouo
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - A L Myanthé
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - N Keita
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Faculté des Sciences, Université Julius Nyéréréde Kankan, Guinea
| | - N L Haba
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Faculté des Sciences, Université Julius Nyéréréde Kankan, Guinea
| | - K Goumou
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Faculté des Sciences, Université Julius Nyéréréde Kankan, Guinea
| | - F Bah
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Faculté des Sciences, Université Julius Nyéréréde Kankan, Guinea
| | - A Camara
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea
| | - M S T Diallo
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea
| | - M Sylla
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea
| | - E S Baldé
- Département de Pharmacie, Facultéde Médecine - Pharmacie - Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Guinea
| | - S Diané
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea
| | - L Pieters
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - K Oularé
- Centre de Recherche et de Valorisation des Plantes Médicinales (CRVPM) de Dubréka, Guinea; Faculté des Sciences, Université Julius Nyéréréde Kankan, Guinea
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Somoza V, Molyneux RJ, Chen ZY, Tomás-Barberán F, Hofmann T. Guidelines for Research on Bioactive Constituents--A Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Perspective. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:8103-8105. [PMID: 26335516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Somoza
- Department of Nutritional and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Russell J Molyneux
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, 34 Rainbow Drive, University of Hawaii at Hilo , Hilo, Hawaii 96720, United States
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Thomas Hofmann
- Chair of Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technische Universität München , Lise-Meitner Strasse 34, D-85354 Freising, Germany
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