1
|
Bisdemethoxycurcumin Attenuated Renal Injury via Activation of Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137395. [PMID: 35806399 PMCID: PMC9266686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a principal and active component of edible turmeric, was previously found to have beneficial effects on metabolic diseases. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may benefit from its potential therapeutic use. Using a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model, we examined the effects of BDMC on renal injury and tried to determine how its associated mechanism works. A number of metabolic disorders are significantly improved by BDMC, including obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia and inflammation. Further research on renal histopathology and function showed that BDMC could repair renal pathological changes and enhance renal function. Moreover, decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA), elevated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the inhibition of renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction revealed the alleviation of oxidative stress after BDMC administration. In addition, renal Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1/Nrf2) pathway was activated in BDMC-treated mice. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated BDMC as a potential therapy for HFD-induced CKD via the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
Collapse
|
2
|
Peng J, Wen W, Wang R, Li K, Xiao G, Li C. The galloyl moiety enhances inhibitory activity of polyphenols against adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Food Funct 2022; 13:5275-5286. [PMID: 35441186 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have proved that the characteristic galloyl moiety in polyphenols is crucial for their biological activities. However, whether the presence of the galloyl moiety in the structure of polyphenols has a great contribution to their inhibition of adipogenic differentiation is not clear. Therefore, in this study, seven polyphenols with different galloylation degrees were chosen for exploring the contribution of the galloyl group to the lipid-lowering property of polyphenols and its molecular mechanism. Our results showed that the existence of the galloyl moiety in the structure of polyphenols was necessary for their inhibition of adipogenic differentiation, which could help to delay cells from entering the G2/M phase as well as to hinder the MCE process in the early stage of differentiation and the downstream PPARγ and C/EBPα related MAPK signaling pathway, probably via binding to IR and disturbing the α-helix in its conformation. Our finding highlighted that the existence of galloyl groups in polyphenols was crucial for their anti-adipogenic activity, and provided new insights into the mechanism by which galloylated polyphenols suppress adipocyte differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China. .,College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Wenjun Wen
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Specialty Food, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hsia TC, Peng SF, Chueh FS, Lu KW, Yang JL, Huang AC, Hsu FT, Wu RSC. Bisdemethoxycurcumin Induces Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits Human Brain Glioblastoma GBM 8401/ Luc2 Cell Xenograft Tumor in Subcutaneous Nude Mice In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010538. [PMID: 35008959 PMCID: PMC8745075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) has biological activities, including anticancer effects in vitro; however, its anticancer effects in human glioblastoma (GBM) cells have not been examined yet. This study aimed to evaluate the tumor inhibitory effect and molecular mechanism of BDMC on human GBM 8401/luc2 cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies have shown that BDMC significantly reduced cell viability and induced cell apoptosis in GBM 8401/luc2 cells. Furthermore, BDMC induced apoptosis via inhibited Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) and increased Bax (pro-apoptotic proteins) and cytochrome c release in GBM 8401/luc2 cells in vitro. Then, twelve BALB/c-nude mice were xenografted with human glioblastoma GBM 8401/luc2 cancer cells subcutaneously, and the xenograft nude mice were treated without and with BDMC (30 and 60 mg/kg of BDMC treatment) every 3 days. GBM 8401/luc2 cell xenografts experiment showed that the growth of the tumors was significantly suppressed by BDMC administration at both doses based on the reduction of tumor size and weights. BDMC did not change the body weight and the H&E histopathology analysis of liver samples, indicating that BDMC did not induce systemic toxicity. Meanwhile, treatment with BDMC up-regulated the expressions of BAX and cleaved caspase-3, while it down-regulated the protein expressions of Bcl-2 and XIAP in the tumor tissues compared with the control group. This study has demonstrated that BDMC presents potent anticancer activity on the human glioblastoma GBM 8401/luc2 cell xenograft model by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and shows the potential for further development to the anti-GBM cancer drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te-Chun Hsia
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan;
| | - Kung-Wen Lu
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan;
| | - Jiun-Long Yang
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary’s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 266, Taiwan; (J.-L.Y.); (A.-C.H.)
| | - An-Cheng Huang
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary’s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 266, Taiwan; (J.-L.Y.); (A.-C.H.)
| | - Fei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-T.H.); (R.S.-C.W.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2532) (F.-T.H.); +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 5242) (R.S.-C.W.); Fax: +886-4-2205-3764 (F.-T.H.); +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 5237) (R.S.-C.W.)
| | - Rick Sai-Chuen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-T.H.); (R.S.-C.W.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2532) (F.-T.H.); +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 5242) (R.S.-C.W.); Fax: +886-4-2205-3764 (F.-T.H.); +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 5237) (R.S.-C.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ku HC, Chan TY, Chung JF, Kao YH, Cheng CF. The ATF3 inducer protects against diet-induced obesity via suppressing adipocyte adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis and browning. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 145:112440. [PMID: 34839254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) inducer ST32db, a synthetic compound with a chemical structure similar to that of native Danshen compounds, exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 white preadipocytes, D16 beige cells, and mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that ST32db inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation by inhibiting adipogenesis/lipogenesis-related gene (and protein levels) and enhancing lipolysis-related gene (and protein levels) via the activation of β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR)/PKA/p38, AMPK, and ERK pathways. Furthermore, ST32db inhibited triacylglycerol accumulation in D16 adipocytes by suppressing adipogenesis/lipogenesis-related gene (and protein levels) and upregulating browning gene expression by suppressing the β3-AR/PKA/p38, and AMPK pathways. Intraperitoneally injected ST32db (1 mg kg-1 twice weekly) inhibited body weight gain and reduced the weight of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), epididymal WAT (eWAT), and mesenteric WAT, with no effects on food intake by the obese mice. The adipocyte diameter and area of iWAT and eWAT were decreased in obese mice injected with ST32db compared with those administered only HFD. In addition, ST32db significantly suppressed adipogenesis and activated lipolysis, browning, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and β-oxidation-related pathways by suppressing the p38 pathway in the iWAT of the obese mice. These results indicated that the ATF3 inducer ST32db has therapeutic potential for reducing obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yun Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fang Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alalaiwe A, Fang JY, Lee HJ, Chiu CH, Hsu CY. The Demethoxy Derivatives of Curcumin Exhibit Greater Differentiation Suppression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Than Curcumin: A Mechanistic Study of Adipogenesis and Molecular Docking. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1025. [PMID: 34356649 PMCID: PMC8301910 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a known anti-adipogenic agent for alleviating obesity and related disorders. Comprehensive comparisons of the anti-adipogenic activity of curcumin with other curcuminoids is minimal. This study compared adipogenesis inhibition with curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), and their underlying mechanisms. We differentiated 3T3-L1 cells in the presence of curcuminoids, to determine lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) production. The expression of adipogenic transcription factors and lipogenic proteins was analyzed by Western blot. A significant reduction in Oil red O (ORO) staining was observed in the cells treated with curcuminoids at 20 μM. Inhibition was increased in the order of curcumin < DMC < BDMC. A similar trend was observed in the detection of intracellular TG. Curcuminoids suppressed differentiation by downregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), leading to the downregulation of the lipogenic enzymes acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS). AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) phosphorylation was also activated by BDMC. Curcuminoids reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines and leptin in 3T3-L1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with BDMC showing the greatest potency. BDMC at 20 μM significantly decreased leptin by 72% compared with differentiated controls. Molecular docking computation indicated that curcuminoids, despite having structural similarity, had different interaction positions to PPARγ, C/EBPα, and ACC. The docking profiles suggested a possible interaction of curcuminoids with C/EBPα and ACC, to directly inhibit their expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alalaiwe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (J.-Y.F.); (H.-J.L.)
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ju Lee
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (J.-Y.F.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Chun-Hui Chiu
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Hsu
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panda SK, Nirvanashetty S, Missamma M, Jackson-Michel S. The enhanced bioavailability of free curcumin and bioactive-metabolite tetrahydrocurcumin from a dispersible, oleoresin-based turmeric formulation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26601. [PMID: 34232211 PMCID: PMC8270635 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcuminoids have been widely studied for human health and disease applications, yet bioavailability remains a hurdle to actualizing all the benefits ascribed to them. The lack of standardization in analysis method, confusion about what constitutes an ideal analyte, and conflicting thoughts around dosing strategies have made it difficult to draw parity between bioavailability and bioactivity and establish a baseline for formulation comparisons. METHODS This randomized double-blinded, 2-way cross over, single oral dose, comparative bioavailability study differentially evaluates curcumin at the time of its absorption and along various biotransformation pathways, to include free curcumin, the readily usable form of curcumin; individual and composite totals of curcumin and its analogues as exogenously cleaved conjugates, for example, total curcumin, total demethoxycurcumin (DMC), total bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), and total curcuminoids respectively; and the bioactive metabolite of curcumin, total tetrahydrocurcumin (THC). As a primary study objective, the relative bioavailability of CURCUGEN, a novel dispersible, 50% curcuminoids-concentrated turmeric extract was compared to the standard curcumin reference product, curcuminoids 95% standardized extract (C-95), using the maximum concentration (Cmax), and area under the curve (AUC0-t) of free curcumin, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC and the curcumin active metabolite, as total THC. RESULTS The evaluation of free curcumin demonstrated that the Cmax and AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN was 16.1 times and 39 times higher than the Cmax and AUC0-t of C-95. Furthermore, total curcumin, total DMC, total BDMC, and total curcuminoids resulted in AUC0-t of the CURCUGEN at 49.5-, 43.5-, 46.8-, and 52.5-fold higher than C-95, respectively. The relative bioavailability of CURCUGEN for total THC was found to be 31 times higher when compared to C-95. CONCLUSION As the first human pharmacokinetics study to apply best-practice recommendations and pharmaceutically-aligned guidance in the comprehensive evaluation of a novel curcuminoids formulation, we have established the novelty of said formulation while better standardizing for the common variances and discrepancies between curcuminoids and their derivatives in the literature and commercial marketing, alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Missamma
- Clinical Research, Vimta Labs Ltd, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tan HL, Guan XH, Hu M, Wu J, Li RZ, Wang LF, Huang HD, Yu ZP, Wang XY, Xiao YF, Deng KY, Xin HB. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium protects mice from high-fat diet-induced obesity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:364. [PMID: 34174964 PMCID: PMC8235646 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02437-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a metabolic disorder syndrome characterized by excessive fat accumulation that is related to many diseases. Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) have a great potential for cell-based therapy due to their characteristics such as pluripotency, low immunogenicity, no tumorigenicity, potent paracrine effects, and no ethical concern. Recently, we observed that both hAMSCs and their conditioned medium (hAMSCs-CM) efficiently repaired skin injury, inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma, and alleviated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced diabetes. However, the effects and the underlying mechanisms of hAMSCs-CM on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity were not explored. Methods The characteristics of hAMSCs were confirmed by flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. Obese mice were induced by administrating HFD for 15 weeks and simultaneously, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with hAMSCs-CM weekly to evaluate the effects of hAMSCs-CM on HFD-induced obesity. GTT and ITT assays were used to assess the effects of hAMSCs-CM on HFD-induced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. The lipid accumulation and adipocytes hypertrophy in mouse adipose tissues were determined by histological staining, in which the alterations of blood lipid, liver, and kidney function were also examined. The role of hAMSCs-CM in energy homeostasis was monitored by examining the oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), and food and water intake in mice. Furthermore, the expressions of the genes related to glucose metabolism, fatty acid β oxidation, thermogenesis, adipogenesis, and inflammation were determined by western blot analysis, RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining. The roles of hAMSCs-CM in adipogenesis and M1/M2 macrophage polarization were investigated with 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Results hAMSCs-CM significantly restrained HFD-induced obesity in mice by inhibiting adipogenesis and lipogenesis, promoting energy expenditure, and reducing inflammation. The underlying mechanisms of the anti-obesity of hAMSCs-CM might be involved in inhibiting PPARγ and C/EBPα-mediated lipid synthesis and adipogenesis, promoting GLUT4-mediated glucose metabolism, elevating UCP1/PPARα/PGC1α-regulated energy expenditure, and enhancing STAT3-ARG1-mediated M2-type macrophage polarization. Conclusion Our studies demonstrated that hAMSCs significantly alleviated HFD-induced obesity through their paracrine effects. Obviously, our results open up an attractive therapeutic modality for the prevention and treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders clinically. Graphic Abstract The cytokines, exosomes, or micro-vesicles secreted from hAMSCs significantly inhibited HFD-induced obesity in mice by inhibiting lipid production and adipogenesis, promoting energy consumption, and reducing inflammation.
![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02437-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lan Tan
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Guan
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Min Hu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jie Wu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China.,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Li
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China.,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ling-Fang Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Hou-Da Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhen-Ping Yu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China.,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China.,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yun-Fei Xiao
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ke-Yu Deng
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. .,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Hong-Bo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, No. 1299 Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, 330031, China. .,School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. .,School of Life and Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lesser Investigated Natural Ingredients for the Management of Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020510. [PMID: 33557185 PMCID: PMC7913945 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, an epidemiological disorder, is related to various complications in both the developed and developing world. It epitomizes a crucial risk factor for health, decreasing productivity and life expectancy while increasing health care costs worldwide. Conventional therapies with synthetic drugs or bariatric surgery, associated with numerous side effects, recurrence, and surgical complexity, have been restricted in their use. Lifestyle changes and dietary restrictions are the proven methods for successful weight loss, although maintaining a strict lifestyle is a challenge. Multiple natural products have been explored for weight management with varied efficacy. The current review explores less explored natural herbs, their active constituents, and their mechanisms of action against obesity.
Collapse
|
9
|
Jakab J, Miškić B, Mikšić Š, Juranić B, Ćosić V, Schwarz D, Včev A. Adipogenesis as a Potential Anti-Obesity Target: A Review of Pharmacological Treatment and Natural Products. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:67-83. [PMID: 33447066 PMCID: PMC7802907 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s281186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as a severe threat to overall human health and is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Abnormal expansion of white adipose tissue involves increasing the existing adipocytes' cell size or increasing the number through the differentiation of new adipocytes. Adipogenesis is a process of proliferation and differentiation of adipocyte precursor cells in mature adipocytes. As a key process in determining the number of adipocytes, it is a possible therapeutic approach for obesity. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in adipogenesis that could serve as suitable therapeutic targets. Reducing bodyweight is regarded as a major health benefit. Limited efficacy and possible side effects and drug interactions of available anti-obesity treatment highlight a constant need for finding novel efficient and safe anti-obesity ingredients. Numerous studies have recently investigated the inhibitory effects of natural products on adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation. Possible anti-obesity effects of natural products include the induction of apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest or delayed progression, and interference with transcription factor cascade or intracellular signaling pathways during the early phase of adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Jakab
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence: Jelena Jakab Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, Osijek31 000, CroatiaTel +385 91 224 1502 Email
| | - Blaženka Miškić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital “Dr. Josip Benčević”, Slavonski Brod, Croatia
| | - Štefica Mikšić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Brankica Juranić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vesna Ćosić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dragan Schwarz
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Special Hospital Radiochirurgia Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Včev
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bahmad HF, Daouk R, Azar J, Sapudom J, Teo JCM, Abou-Kheir W, Al-Sayegh M. Modeling Adipogenesis: Current and Future Perspective. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102326. [PMID: 33092038 PMCID: PMC7590203 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is contemplated as a dynamic organ that plays key roles in the human body. Adipogenesis is the process by which adipocytes develop from adipose-derived stem cells to form the adipose tissue. Adipose-derived stem cells’ differentiation serves well beyond the simple goal of producing new adipocytes. Indeed, with the current immense biotechnological advances, the most critical role of adipose-derived stem cells remains their tremendous potential in the field of regenerative medicine. This review focuses on examining the physiological importance of adipogenesis, the current approaches that are employed to model this tightly controlled phenomenon, and the crucial role of adipogenesis in elucidating the pathophysiology and potential treatment modalities of human diseases. The future of adipogenesis is centered around its crucial role in regenerative and personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisham F. Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Reem Daouk
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Joseph Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, 2460 Abu Dhabi, UAE;
| | - Jeremy C. M. Teo
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, 2460 Abu Dhabi, UAE;
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.T.); (W.A.-K.); (M.A.-S.); Tel.: +97126286689 (J.C.M.T.); +9611350000 (ext. 4778) (W.A.-K.); +97126284560 (M.A.-S.)
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.T.); (W.A.-K.); (M.A.-S.); Tel.: +97126286689 (J.C.M.T.); +9611350000 (ext. 4778) (W.A.-K.); +97126284560 (M.A.-S.)
| | - Mohamed Al-Sayegh
- Biology Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, 2460 Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.T.); (W.A.-K.); (M.A.-S.); Tel.: +97126286689 (J.C.M.T.); +9611350000 (ext. 4778) (W.A.-K.); +97126284560 (M.A.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jin F, Chen X, Yan H, Xu Z, Yang B, Luo P, He Q. Bisdemethoxycurcumin attenuates cisplatin-induced renal injury through anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 874:173026. [PMID: 32088177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug that is first-line therapy for a variety of tumors. Unfortunately, its adverse effects on various normal tissues and organs, especially nephrotoxicity, threaten the life of patients. Although the mechanism of cisplatin nephrotoxicity has been confirmed to be related to oxidative stress, apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells and inflammatory response, there is no effective prevention strategy in the clinic. Here, we found that bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a natural compound, can significantly attenuates cisplatin-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro at the concentration of 5-20 μM and has a significant protective effect on cisplatin-induced kidney injury in mice at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Mechanistically, BDMC attenuates cisplatin-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting cisplatin-induced up-regulation of p53. Meanwhile, BDMC counteracts oxidative stress by inhibiting cisplatin-induced down-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). BDMC also significantly reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) proteins, as well as the expression and translocation of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB p65) into the nucleus, all of which were increased in the kidney by cisplatin treatment. Collectively, BDMC might be an effective prevention strategy which could against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, and our research may shed a new light on treatment of drug toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Jin
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xueqin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Den Hartogh DJ, Gabriel A, Tsiani E. Antidiabetic Properties of Curcumin I: Evidence from In Vitro Studies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010118. [PMID: 31906278 PMCID: PMC7019345 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Current preventative and treatment strategies for T2DM and insulin resistance lack in efficacy resulting in the need for new approaches to prevent and manage/treat the disease better. In recent years, epidemiological studies have suggested that diets rich in fruits and vegetables have beneficial health effects including protection against insulin resistance and T2DM. Curcumin, a polyphenol found in turmeric, and curcuminoids have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and antidiabetic properties. The current review (I of II) summarizes the existing in vitro studies examining the antidiabetic effects of curcumin, while a second (II of II) review summarizes evidence from existing in vivo animal studies and clinical trials focusing on curcumin’s antidiabetic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danja J. Den Hartogh
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (D.J.D.H.); (A.G.)
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Alessandra Gabriel
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (D.J.D.H.); (A.G.)
| | - Evangelia Tsiani
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; (D.J.D.H.); (A.G.)
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +1-905-688-5550 (ext. 3881)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lee JS, Kim J, Lee EJ, Yoon JS. Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin, a Plant Polyphenol Extracted From Curcuma longae, in Fibroblasts From Patients With Graves' Orbitopathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:4129-4140. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihei Sara Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- Department of Endocrinology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Sook Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hsiao YH, Chen NC, Koh YC, Nagabhushanam K, Ho CT, Pan MH. Pterostilbene Inhibits Adipocyte Conditioned-Medium-Induced Colorectal Cancer Cell Migration through Targeting FABP5-Related Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10321-10329. [PMID: 31419115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTS) is a phenolic compound with diverse pharmacologic activities. However, its potential for inhibiting obesity-related colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Our study evaluated the mechanism of inhibitory effects of PTS on adipocyte conditioned-medium (aCM)-induced malignant transformation in HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. The results demonstrated that PTS could downregulate the expression of aCM-induced fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) and prometastatic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), MMP9, and extracellular tumor necrosis factor α via inhibiting aCM-induced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), β-catenin, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ). Moreover, PTS can suppress aCM-stimulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1/2 (JNK 1/2) signaling pathways activation that are upstream of NF-κB, β-catenin, and PPAR-γ. Therefore, we suggest that PTS could alleviate adiposity-induced metastasis in CRC via inhibiting cell migration through downregulating FABP5 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Hsiao
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Nien-Chi Chen
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science , Rutgers University , New Brunswick , New Jersey 08901 , United States
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 106 , Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research , China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University , Taichung 404 , Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung 41354 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li X, Huo C, Xiao Y, Xu R, Liu Y, Jia X, Wang X. Bisdemethoxycurcumin Protection of Cardiomyocyte Mainly Depends on Nrf2/HO-1 Activation Mediated by the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1871-1879. [PMID: 31402651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Cong Huo
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Xiao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi’an 710054, P.R. China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang E, Kim CY. Natural Products and Obesity: A Focus on the Regulation of Mitotic Clonal Expansion during Adipogenesis. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061157. [PMID: 30909556 PMCID: PMC6471203 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as a worldwide health crisis. Obesity and its associated health complications such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases impose a big social and economic burden. In an effort to identify safe, efficient, and long-term effective methods to treat obesity, various natural products with potential for inhibiting adipogenesis were revealed. This review aimed to discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis and the inhibitory effects of various phytochemicals, including those from natural sources, on the early stage of adipogenesis. We discuss key steps (proliferation and cell cycle) and their regulators (cell-cycle regulator, transcription factors, and intracellular signaling pathways) at the early stage of adipocyte differentiation as the mechanisms responsible for obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Chang
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Choon Young Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hsiao YT, Kuo CL, Lin JJ, Huang WW, Peng SF, Chueh FS, Bau DT, Chung JG. Curcuminoids combined with gefitinib mediated apoptosis and autophagy of human oral cancer SAS cells in vitro and reduced tumor of SAS cell xenograft mice in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:821-832. [PMID: 29717538 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gefitinib has been used for cancer patients and curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC), or bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) also shown to induce cancer cell apoptosis. However, no report shows the combination of gefitinib with, CUR, DMC, or BDMC induce cell apoptosis and autophagy in human oral cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effects of gefitinib with or without CUR, DMC, or BDMC co-treatment on the cell viability, apoptotic cell death, autophagy, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), and caspase-3 activities by flow cytometry assay and autophagy by acridine orange (AO) staining in human oral cancer SAS cells. Results indicated that gefitinib co-treated with CUR, DMC, or BDMC decreased total viable cell number through the induction of cell apoptosis and autophagy and decreased the levels of MMP and increased caspase-3 activities in SAS cells. Western blotting indicated that gefitinib combined with CUR, DMC, or BDMC led to decrease Bcl-2 protein expression which is an antiapoptotic protein and to increase ATG5, Beclin 1, p62/SQSTM1, and LC3 expression that associated with cell autophagy in SAS cells. Gefitinib combined with CUR and DMC led to significantly reduce the tumor weights and volumes in SAS cell xenograft nude mice but did not affect the total body weights. Based on those observations, we suggest that the combination of gefitinib with CUR, DMC, and BDMC can be a potential anticancer agent for human oral cancer in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ting Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Jyh Lin
- Division of Cardiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Lone J, Parray HA, Yun JW. Nobiletin induces brown adipocyte-like phenotype and ameliorates stress in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochimie 2017; 146:97-104. [PMID: 29217172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Browning of white adipocytes (beiging) is an attractive therapeutic strategy against obesity and its associated metabolic complications. Nobiletin (NOB) is a polymethoxylated flavone present in citrus fruits and has been reported to have anti-obesity effects. Here, we report that nobiletin exerts dual modulatory effects on adipocytes via induction of browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes and amelioration of stress in adipocytes. Nobiletin-induced beiging was investigated by determining expression levels of beige-specific genes and proteins by RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis, respectively. Nobiletin treatment rapidly elevated the expression levels of beige-specific genes such as Cd137, Cidea, Tbx1, and Tmem26. Further, nobiletin enhanced expression of the key transcription factors C/EBPβ, PPARδ, and PPARα, which are responsible for remodeling of white adipocytes. Nobiletin also strikingly activated HIB1B brown adipocytes and induced mitochondrial biogenesis in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes. In addition, nobiletin altered the expression of several lipid metabolism-related proteins such as ACOX1, CPT1, FAS, p-PLIN, SREBP and SIRT1. Moreover, nobiletin ameliorated stress in adipocytes by inhibiting expression levels of key stress molecules such as JNK and c-JUN. Nobiletin-induced browning could be mediated by tight regulation of kinases, as nobiletin induced PKA and p-AMPK at the protein expression level, and inhibition of PKA and p-AMPK by H-89 and dorsomorphin, respectively, abolished expression of the thermogenic markers PGC-1α and UCP1. Taken together, our findings suggest that nobiletin plays a modulatory role in adipocytes via induction of browning in 3T3-L1 white adipocytes and activation of HIB1B brown adipocytes combined with amelioration of stress in adipocytes, thereby exhibiting therapeutic potential against obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jameel Lone
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, 38543, Republic of Korea
| | - Hilal Ahmad Parray
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, 38543, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, 38543, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xin Y, Huang Q, Zhang P, Guo WW, Zhang LZ, Jiang G. Demethoxycurcumin in combination with ultraviolet radiation B induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway and caspase activation in A431 and HaCaT cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317706216. [PMID: 28618944 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317706216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wen Wen Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Long Zhen Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tung YC, Hsieh PH, Pan MH, Ho CT. Cellular models for the evaluation of the antiobesity effect of selected phytochemicals from food and herbs. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:100-110. [PMID: 28911527 PMCID: PMC9333434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary phytochemicals from food and herbs have been studied for their health benefits for a long time. The incidence of obesity has seen an incredible increase worldwide. Although dieting, along with increased physical activity, seems an easy method in theory to manage obesity, it is hard to apply in real life. Obesity treatment drugs and surgery are not successful or targeted for everyone and can have significant side effects. This low rate of success is the major reason that the overweight as well as the pharmaceutical industry seek alternative methods, including phytochemicals. Therefore, more and more research has focused on the role of phytochemicals to alleviate lipid accumulation or enhance energy expenditure in adipocytes. This review discusses selected phytochemicals from food and herbs and their effects on adipogenesis, lipogenesis, lipolysis, oxidation of fatty acids, and browning in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chen Tung
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106,
Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901,
USA
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106,
Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402,
Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354,
Taiwan
- Corresponding authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (M.-H. Pan); Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA (C.-T. Ho). E-mail addresses: (M.-H. Pan), (C.-T. Ho)
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901,
USA
- Corresponding authors: Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Number 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan (M.-H. Pan); Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA (C.-T. Ho). E-mail addresses: (M.-H. Pan), (C.-T. Ho)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cell Models and Their Application for Studying Adipogenic Differentiation in Relation to Obesity: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071040. [PMID: 27376273 PMCID: PMC4964416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several years, the increasing prevalence of obesity has favored an intense study of adipose tissue biology and the precise mechanisms involved in adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. Adipocyte commitment and differentiation are complex processes, which can be investigated thanks to the development of diverse in vitro cell models and molecular biology techniques that allow for a better understanding of adipogenesis and adipocyte dysfunction associated with obesity. The aim of the present work was to update the different animal and human cell culture models available for studying the in vitro adipogenic differentiation process related to obesity and its co-morbidities. The main characteristics, new protocols, and applications of the cell models used to study the adipogenesis in the last five years have been extensively revised. Moreover, we depict co-cultures and three-dimensional cultures, given their utility to understand the connections between adipocytes and their surrounding cells in adipose tissue.
Collapse
|