1
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Elnour AA, Abdurahman NH. Current and potential future biological uses of Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37790. [PMID: 39323795 PMCID: PMC11422592 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Saussurea costus (S. costus) is a critically endangered medicinal plant that has been extensively studied for its chemical composition, significance, and therapeutic potential as traditional phytomedicine. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough understanding of S. costus, including its biological activities, chemical makeup, and potential therapeutic uses in biotechnology. Objectives This study investigated the pharmacological properties of S. costus, including its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antifungal properties, and its usefulness in treating conditions such as thyroid disorders and liver injury. This study also aimed to assess and improve the techniques used to extract bioactive compounds and to develop effective methods for harvesting these compounds from medicinal plants. Methods This review analyzed the available literature on the phytochemical makeup and bioactivity of S. costus extract using techniques such as molecular docking against SARS-CoV-2 protease, green extraction methods, and phytochemical analysis. Results This review revealed that S. costus possesses various pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. It is effective in combating fungal infections, reducing inflammation, treating cancer, and inhibiting viral replication, and has the potential to control Candida species. Moreover, S. costus has been explored for its capacity to synthesize nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties and for its potential in treating thyroid disorders and liver injury. Recommendations Despite promising results, additional research is necessary to fully comprehend the benefits of S. costus and validate its effectiveness in clinical settings. Future research should focus on standardized methodologies and rigorous clinical trials to confirm the safety and effectiveness of S. costus in various medical fields as well as further investigate its biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.M. Elnour
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), University Malaysia, Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Nour Hamid Abdurahman
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA), Malaysia
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), University Malaysia, Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
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2
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Han S, Wei Q, Liu J, Li L, Xu T, Cao L, Liu J, Liu X, Chen P, Liu H, Ma Y, Lei B, Lin Y. Naturally Occurring Dehydrocostus Lactone Covalently Binds to KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 by Dual Serine Modifications in Orobanche cumana and Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:19920-19930. [PMID: 39213540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Parasitic weeds, such as Orobanche and Striga, threaten crops globally. Contiguous efforts on the discovery and development of structurally novel seed germination stimulants targeting HYPOSENSITIVE TO LIGHT/KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE 2 (HTL/KAI2) have been made with the goal of weed control. Here, we demonstrate that a natural compound dehydrocostus lactone (DCL) exhibits effective "suicide germination" activity against Orobanche cumana and covalently binds to OcKAI2d2 on two catalytic serine sites with the second modification dependent on the first one. The same interactions and covalent modifications of DCL are also confirmed in AtKAI2. Further in-depth evolution analysis indicates that the proposed two catalytic sites are present throughout the streptophyte algae, hornworts, lycophytes, and seed plants. This discovery is particularly noteworthy as it signifies the first confirmation of a plant endogenous molecule directly binding to KAI2, which is valuable for unraveling the elusive identity of the KAI2 ligand and for targeting KAI2 paralogues for the development of novel germination stimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Han
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiannan Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linrui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tengqi Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lin Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiyuan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiayan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huawei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Beilei Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Center of Bioinformatics, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanbing Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, Shaanxi, China
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3
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Li X, Lu C, Du W, Zou Q, Wang R, Hu C, Li Y, Zhang Y, Mao Z. Development of new dehydrocostuslactone derivatives for treatment of atopic dermatitis via inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2773-2784. [PMID: 39149113 PMCID: PMC11324064 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00301b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), a recurrent inflammatory systemic skin disease, is difficult to cure. In the present study, several ethylenediamine-derived dehydrocostuslactone (DHCL) derivatives were prepared to assess their in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. The results indicated that DHCL derivatives inhibited NO generation with low cytotoxicity. In particular, compound 5d exhibited the best anti-inflammatory activity. Subsequent experiments revealed that 5d not only inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells via the MAPK-NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition but also significantly decreased Th2-type cytokine levels and inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway activation in mice with MC903-induced AD. Therefore, DHCL derivatives may be considered as new agents for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Wenxia Du
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Qiuping Zou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Yanping Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
| | - Zewei Mao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming 650500 PR China
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4
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Zorrilla JG, Cárdenas DM, Rial C, Molinillo JM, Varela RM, Masi M, Macías FA. Bioprospection of Phytotoxic Plant-Derived Eudesmanolides and Guaianolides for the Control of Amaranthus viridis, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Lolium perenne Weeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1797-1810. [PMID: 38206382 PMCID: PMC10811690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The phytotoxicities of a selection of eudesmanolides and guaianolides, including natural products and new derivatives obtained by semisynthesis from plant-isolated sesquiterpene lactones, were evaluated in bioassays against three weeds of concern in agriculture (Amaranthus viridis L., Echinochloa crus-galli L., and Lolium perenne L.). Both eudesmanolides and guaianolides were active against the root and shoot growth of all the species, with the eudesmanolides generally showing improved activities. The IC50 values obtained for the herbicide employed as positive control (on root and shoot growth, respectively, A. viridis: 27.8 and 85.7 μM; E. crus-galli: 167.5 and 288.2 μM; L. perenne: 99.1 and 571.4 μM) were improved in most of the cases. Structure-activity relationships were discussed, finding that hydroxylation of the A-ring and C-13 as well as the position, number, and orientation of the hydroxyl groups and the presence of an unsaturated carbonyl group can significantly influence the level of phytotoxicity. γ-Cyclocostunolide was the most active compound in the series, followed by others such as dehydrozaluzanin C and α-cyclocostunolide (outstanding their IC50 values on A. viridis)─natural products that can therefore be suggested as models for herbicide development if further research indicates effectiveness on a larger scale and environmental safety in ecotoxicological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - David M. Cárdenas
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - José M.G. Molinillo
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
| | - Marco Masi
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy
Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute
of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui,
7, 11510 Puerto
Real, Spain
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5
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Murillo-Pineda M, Coto-Cid JM, Romero M, Zorrilla JG, Chinchilla N, Medina-Calzada Z, Varela RM, Juárez-Soto Á, Macías FA, Reales E. Effects of Sesquiterpene Lactones on Primary Cilia Formation (Ciliogenesis). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:632. [PMID: 37999495 PMCID: PMC10675014 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15110632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs), plant-derived metabolites with broad spectra of biological effects, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory, hold promise for drug development. Primary cilia, organelles extending from cell surfaces, are crucial for sensing and transducing extracellular signals essential for cell differentiation and proliferation. Their life cycle is linked to the cell cycle, as cilia assemble in non-dividing cells of G0/G1 phases and disassemble before entering mitosis. Abnormalities in both primary cilia (non-motile cilia) and motile cilia structure or function are associated with developmental disorders (ciliopathies), heart disease, and cancer. However, the impact of SLs on primary cilia remains unknown. This study evaluated the effects of selected SLs (grosheimin, costunolide, and three cyclocostunolides) on primary cilia biogenesis and stability in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Confocal fluorescence microscopy was employed to analyze the effects on primary cilia formation (ciliogenesis), primary cilia length, and stability. The effects on cell proliferation were evaluated by flow cytometry. All SLs disrupted primary cilia formation in the early stages of ciliogenesis, irrespective of starvation conditions or cytochalasin-D treatment, with no effect on cilia length or cell cycle progression. Interestingly, grosheimin stabilized and promoted primary cilia formation under cilia homeostasis and elongation treatment conditions. Thus, SLs have potential as novel drugs for ciliopathies and tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Murillo-Pineda
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Juan M. Coto-Cid
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - María Romero
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Nuria Chinchilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
| | - Zahara Medina-Calzada
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Rosa M. Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
| | - Álvaro Juárez-Soto
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
| | - Francisco A. Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
| | - Elena Reales
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Department of Urology, University Hospital of Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Jerez, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (M.R.); (Z.M.-C.); (Á.J.-S.)
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), School of Science, University of Cadiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional (ceiA3), 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (J.M.C.-C.); (J.G.Z.); (N.C.); (R.M.V.)
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6
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Moreno-Robles A, Cala Peralta A, Zorrilla JG, Soriano G, Masi M, Vilariño-Rodríguez S, Cimmino A, Fernández-Aparicio M. Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Study of trans-Cinnamic Acid and Derivatives on the Parasitic Weed Cuscuta campestris. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:697. [PMID: 36840045 PMCID: PMC9962612 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cuscuta campestris Yunck. is a parasitic weed responsible for severe yield losses in crops worldwide. The selective control of this weed is scarce due to the difficult application of methods that kill the parasite without negatively affecting the infected crop. trans-Cinnamic acid is secreted by plant roots naturally into the rhizosphere, playing allelopathic roles in plant-plant communities, although its activity in C. campestris has never been investigated. In the search for natural molecules with phytotoxic activity against parasitic weeds, this work hypothesized that trans-cinnamic acid could be active in inhibiting C. campestris growth and that a study of a series of analogs could reveal key structural features for its growth inhibition activity. In the present structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, we determined in vitro the inhibitory activity of trans-cinnamic acid and 24 analogs. The results showed that trans-cinnamic acid's growth inhibition of C. campestris seedlings is enhanced in eight of its derivatives, namely hydrocinnamic acid, 3-phenylpropionaldehyde, trans-cinnamaldehyde, trans-4-(trifluoromethyl)cinnamic acid, trans-3-chlorocinnamic acid, trans-4-chlorocinnamic acid, trans-4-bromocinnamic acid, and methyl trans-cinnamate. Among the derivatives studied, the methyl ester derivative of trans-cinnamic acid was the most active compound. The findings of this SAR study provide knowledge for the design of herbicidal treatments with enhanced activity against parasitic weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Moreno-Robles
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), CSIC, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Cala Peralta
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Soriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mónica Fernández-Aparicio
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), CSIC, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Peralta AC, Soriano G, Zorrilla JG, Masi M, Cimmino A, Fernández-Aparicio M. Characterization of Conyza bonariensis Allelochemicals against Broomrape Weeds. Molecules 2022; 27:7421. [PMID: 36364247 PMCID: PMC9654463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The study of allelopathic activity of plants and the isolation and characterization of the responsible allelochemicals can lead to the development of environment friendly alternative approaches to weed control. Conyza species are invasive weeds that use allelopathic activity as part of a successful strategy to outcompete neighboring plants. Broomrape weeds are parasitic plants that use host-induced germination and the formation of a haustorium as strategies to infect host plants. The control of broomrape infection in most affected crops is limited or non-existing. In the current study, we investigated the allelopathic activity of Conyza bonariensis organic extracts in suicidal germination and radicle growth of four broomrape species (Orobanche crenata, Orobanche cumana, Orobanche minor and Phelipanche ramosa). A bioactivity-driven fractionation of Conyza bonariensis extracts led to the identification of two germination-inducing molecules and two growth-inhibitory compounds. The germination-inducing metabolites had species-specific activity being hispidulin active on seeds of O. cumana and methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate active in P. ramosa. The growth-inhibitory metabolites (4Z)-lachnophyllum lactone and (4Z,8Z)-matricaria lactone strongly inhibited the radicle growth of all parasitic weed species studied. Some structure-activity relationships were found as result of the study herein presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cala Peralta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Gabriele Soriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mónica Fernández-Aparicio
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), CSIC, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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8
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Moreno-Robles A, Cala Peralta A, Zorrilla JG, Soriano G, Masi M, Vilariño-Rodríguez S, Cimmino A, Fernández-Aparicio M. Identification of Structural Features of Hydrocinnamic Acid Related to Its Allelopathic Activity against the Parasitic Weed Cuscuta campestris. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2846. [PMID: 36365299 PMCID: PMC9655845 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cuscuta campestris is a parasitic weed species that inflicts worldwide noxious effects in many broadleaf crops due to its capacity to withdraw nutrients and water directly from the crop vascular system using haustorial connections. Cuscuta campestris control in the majority of crops affected is non-existent, and thus, research for the development of control methods is needed. Hydrocinnamic acid occurs naturally in the rhizosphere, playing regulatory roles in plant-plant and plant-microbe communities. The toxicity of hydrocinnamic acid against C. campestris was recently identified. In the present work, a structure-activity relationship study of 21 hydrocinnamic acid analogues was performed to identify key structural features needed for its allelopathic action against the seedling growth of this parasitic plant. The findings of this study provide the first step for the design of herbicides with enhanced activity for the control of C. campestris infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Cala Peralta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Jesús G. Zorrilla
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cadiz, C/Avenida República Saharaui, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Gabriele Soriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mónica Fernández-Aparicio
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), CSIC, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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In Silico Evaluation of Sesquiterpenes and Benzoxazinoids Phytotoxins against Mpro, RNA Replicase and Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 by Molecular Dynamics. Inspired by Nature. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090599. [PMID: 36136537 PMCID: PMC9506577 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the work described here, a number of sesquiterpenes and benzoxazinoids from natural sources, along with their easily accessible derivatives, were evaluated against the main protease, RNA replicase and spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 by molecular docking. These natural products and their derivatives have previously shown remarkable antiviral activities. The most relevant compounds were the 4-fluoro derivatives of santamarine, reynosin and 2-amino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one in terms of the docking score. Those compounds fulfill the Lipinski’s rule, so they were selected for the analysis by molecular dynamics, and the kinetic stabilities of the complexes were assessed. The addition of the 4-fluorobenzoate fragment to the natural products enhances their potential against all of the proteins tested, and the complex stability after 50 ns validates the inhibition calculated. The derivatives prepared from reynosin and 2-amino-3H-phenoxazin-3-one are able to generate more hydrogen bonds with the Mpro, thus enhancing the stability of the protein–ligand and generating a long-term complex for inhibition. The 4-fluoro derivate of santamarine and reynosin shows to be really active against the spike protein, with the RMSD site fluctuation lower than 1.5 Å. Stabilization is mainly achieved by the hydrogen-bond interactions, and the stabilization is improved by the 4-fluorobenzoate fragment being added. Those compounds tested in silico reach as candidates from natural sources to fight this virus, and the results concluded that the addition of the 4-fluorobenzoate fragment to the natural products enhances their inhibition potential against the main protease, RNA replicase and spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.
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Soriano G, Siciliano A, Fernández-Aparicio M, Cala Peralta A, Masi M, Moreno-Robles A, Guida M, Cimmino A. Iridoid Glycosides Isolated from Bellardia trixago Identified as Inhibitors of Orobanche cumana Radicle Growth. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080559. [PMID: 36006221 PMCID: PMC9414233 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Orobanche cumana is an obligate holoparasitic plant with noxious effects in sunflower crops. Bellardia trixago is a facultative hemiparasitic plant that infects ruderal plants without noxious significance in agriculture and is known to produce a wide spectrum of bioactive metabolites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effects of B. trixago on the growth of O. cumana seedlings. Three different extracts using solvents of increasing polarity (n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate) were prepared from the flowers, aerial green organs and roots of two populations, a white-flowered and a yellow-flowered population of B. trixago, both collected in southern Spain. Each extract was studied using allelopathic screenings on O. cumana which resulted in the identification of allelopathic activity of the ethyl acetate extracts against Orobanche radicles. Five iridoid glycosides were isolated together with benzoic acid from the ethyl acetate extract of aerial green organs by bio-guided purification. These compounds were identified as bartsioside, melampyroside, mussaenoside, gardoside methyl ester and aucubin. Among them, melampyroside was found to be the most abundant constituent in the extract (44.3% w/w), as well as the most phytotoxic iridoid on O. cumana radicle, showing a 72.6% inhibition of radicle growth. This activity of melampyroside was significantly high when compared with the inhibitory activity of benzoic acid (25.9%), a phenolic acid with known allelopathic activity against weeds. The ecotoxicological profile of melampyroside was evaluated using organisms representing different trophic levels of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, namely producers (green freshwater algae Raphidocelis subcapitata and macrophyte Lepidium sativum), consumers (water flea Daphnia magna and nematode Caenorhabditis elegans) and decomposers (bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri). The ecotoxicity of melampyroside differed significantly depending on the test organism showing the highest toxicity to daphnia, nematodes and bacteria, and a lower toxicity to algae and macrophytes. The findings of the present study may provide useful information for the generation of green alternatives to synthetic herbicides for the control of O. cumana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Soriano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Siciliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mónica Fernández-Aparicio
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), CSIC, Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.F.-A.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio Cala Peralta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Science, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), University of Cádiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Marco Masi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.-A.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonio Moreno-Robles
- Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cimmino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Naples, Italy
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11
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Allelochemicals from Thapsia garganica leaves for Lolium perenne L. control: the magic of mixtures. CHEMOECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00049-022-00369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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A Study on the Phytotoxic Potential of the Seasoning Herb Marjoram ( Origanum majorana L.) Leaves. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113356. [PMID: 34199500 PMCID: PMC8199622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search of new alternatives for weed control, spices appear as an option with great potential. They are rich in bioactive natural products and edible, which might minimize toxicity hazard. Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) is an aromatic herb that has been widely employed as a seasoning herb in Mediterranean countries. Although marjoram boasts a plethora of therapeutic properties (painkiller, antibiotic, treatment for intestinal disorders, etc.), the potential for its extracts for weed control is still to be more thoroughly explored. In order to determine their phytotoxic potential, marjoram leaves were subjected to different bioguided extraction processes, using water, ethyl acetate, acetone or methanol. The most active extract (acetone) was sequentially fractionated to identify its most active compounds. This fractionation led to the isolation and identification of 25 compounds that were classified as monoterpenes, diterpenes or flavonoids. Among them, a new compound named majoradiol and several compounds are described in marjoram for the first time. The phytotoxicity of the major compounds to etiolated wheat coleoptiles was compared against that of the commercial herbicide (Logran®), with similar or higher activity in some cases. These results confirm the extraordinary potential of the extracts from this edible plant to develop safer and more environmentally friendly herbicides.
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Abstract
Several strategies have been proposed to control parasitic plants and these include biological control, the use of herbicides, and suicidal germination or trap crops. In the case of sunflower, the most effective solution is genetic resistance. Nevertheless, the use of resistant cultivars is followed by the appearance of new and more virulent races of the parasite that overcome the existing sources of resistance. For this reason, it is necessary to increase our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the resistant varieties. In this study, the presence of compounds involved in pre-attachment resistance mechanisms in sunflower varieties was analyzed. The production of stimulators of the germination of parasitic plant seeds and the concentration of the haustorial elongation inhibitor, scopoletin, were measured in exudates of resistant and susceptible sunflower varieties. It was found that dehydrocostuslactone and orobanchyl acetate are not involved in the resistance of the sunflower varieties studied. The results demonstrate that costunolide, heliolactone, and scopoletin are related to sunflower resistance. The sunflower varieties studied do not use all available options to fight parasitic plants. This could be one of the reasons that sunflower resistance is rapidly overcome by broomrape.
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Zorrilla JG, Cala A, Rial C, R Mejías FJ, Molinillo JMG, Varela RM, Macías FA. Synthesis of Active Strigolactone Analogues Based on Eudesmane- and Guaiane-Type Sesquiterpene Lactones. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9636-9645. [PMID: 32794743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones are natural products that are exuded by plants and stimulate parasitic weed germination. Their use in herbicides is limited since they are produced in small quantities, but the synthesis of bioactive analogues provides an alternative source. In this work, eleven analogues have been synthesized. Among them, nine compounds belong to a novel family named eudesmanestrigolactones. The procedure is short (3-6 steps), the starting materials are isolated on a multigram scale, and global yields are up to 8%, which significantly enhance isolated yields. In bioassay, the compounds germinated high percentages of Phelipanche ramosa, Orobanche cumana, and Orobanche crenata seeds, even at nanogram doses (100 nM). Bioactivity was stereochemistry-dependent, and it was discussed in terms of the presence and geometry of the enol ether, orientation of the butenolide, and unsaturation of ring A. The reported compounds provide a set of readily obtained allelochemicals with potential applications as preventive herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús G Zorrilla
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Cala
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco J R Mejías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biomolecules (INBIO), Campus CEIA3, School of Science, University of Cadiz, C/Republica Saharaui, 7, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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15
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of parthenolide derivatives with reduced toxicity as potential inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Rial C, Tomé S, Varela RM, Molinillo JMG, Macías FA. Phytochemical Study of Safflower Roots (Carthamus tinctorius) on the Induction of Parasitic Plant Germination and Weed Control. J Chem Ecol 2020; 46:871-880. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-020-01200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Applications of Sesquiterpene Lactones: A Review of Some Potential Success Cases. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones, a vast range of terpenoids isolated from Asteraceae species, exhibit a broad spectrum of biological effects and several of them are already commercially available, such as artemisinin. Here the most recent and impactful results of in vivo, preclinical and clinical studies involving a selection of ten sesquiterpene lactones (alantolactone, arglabin, costunolide, cynaropicrin, helenalin, inuviscolide, lactucin, parthenolide, thapsigargin and tomentosin) are presented and discussed, along with some of their derivatives. In the authors’ opinion, these compounds have been neglected compared to others, although they could be of great use in developing important new pharmaceutical products. The selected sesquiterpenes show promising anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects, acting on various targets. Moreover, they exhibit antifungal, anxiolytic, analgesic, and antitrypanosomal activities. Several studies discussed here clearly show the potential that some of them have in combination therapy, as sensitizing agents to facilitate and enhance the action of drugs in clinical use. The derivatives show greater pharmacological value since they have better pharmacokinetics, stability, potency, and/or selectivity. All these natural terpenoids and their derivatives exhibit properties that invite further research by the scientific community.
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