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Wang X, Li L, Ding C, Li Z, Ding W, Liu H, Wang N, Wang C, Guo Q. Disruption of UDP-galactopyranose mutase expression: A novel strategy for regulation of galactomannan biosynthesis and monascus pigments secretion in Monascus purpureus M9. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129369. [PMID: 38218271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The impact of the cell wall structure of Monascus purpureus M9 on the secretion of extracellular monascus pigments (exMPs) was investigated. To modify the cell wall structure, UDP-galactopyranose mutase (GlfA) was knocked out using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, leading to a significant reduction in the Galf-based polysaccharide within the cell wall. Changes in mycelium morphology, sporogenesis, and the expression of relevant genes in M9 were also observed following the mutation. Regarding MPs secretion, a notable increase was observed in six types of exMPs (R1, R2, Y1, Y2, O1 and O2). Specifically, these exMPs exhibited enhancement of 1.33, 1.59, 0.8, 2.45, 2.89 and 4.03 times, respectively, compared to the wild-type strain. These findings suggest that the alteration of the cell wall structure could selectively influence the secretion of MPs in M9. The underlying mechanisms were also discussed. This research contributes new insights into the regulation of the synthesis and secretion of MPs in Monascus spp..
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chengfang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wentao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Nifei Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Changlu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Qingbin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, No.9, 13th Street, Tianjin Economic and Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin 300457, China.
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2
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Nie M, Liu T, Qiu X, Yang J, Liu J, Ren J, Zhou B. Regulation mechanism of lipids for extracellular yellow pigments production by Monascus purpureus BWY-5. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12654-6. [PMID: 37405437 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis and secretion of Monascus pigments are closely related to the integrity of the cell membrane, which determines the composition of lipids and its content in cell membrane. The present study aimed to thoroughly describe the changes of lipid profiling in Monascus purpureus BWY-5, which was screened by carbon ion beam irradiation (12C6+) to almost single yield extracellular Monascus yellow pigments (extra-MYPs), by absolute quantitative lipidomics and tandem mass tags (TMT) based quantitative proteomic. 12C6+ irradiation caused non-lipid oxidation damage to Monascus cell membrane, leading to an imbalance in cell membrane lipid homeostasis. This imbalance was attributed to significant changes not only in the composition but also in the content of lipids in Monascus, especially the inhibition of glycerophospholipid biosynthesis. Integrity of plasma membrane was maintained by the increased production of ergosterol, monogalactosylmonoacylglycerol (MGMG) and sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerol (SQMG), while mitochondrial membrane homeostasis was maintained by the increase of cardiolipin production. The growth and extra-MYPs production of Monascus BWY-5 have been regulated by the promotion of sphingolipids (ceramide and sulfatide) biosynthesis. Simultaneous, energy homeostasis may be achieved by increase of TG synthesis and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity. These finding suggest ergosterol, cardiolipin, sphingolipids, MGMG and SQMG play a key facilitating role in cytomembrane lipid homeostasis maintaining for Monascus purpureus BWY-5, and then it is closely related to cell growth and extra-MYPs production. KEY POINTS: 1. Energy homeostasis in Monascus purpureus BWY-5 was achieved by increase of TG synthesis and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity. 2. Integrity of plasma membrane in Monascus purpureus BWY-5 was maintained by the increased production of ergosterol. 3. Mitochondrial membrane homeostasis in Monascus purpureus BWY-5 was maintaed by the increase of cardiolipin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyu Nie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Xunhan Qiu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jiali Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
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3
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Zeng H, Zhu A, He S, Wu M, Mazhar M, Wen A, Liu N, Qin L, Miao S. Anti-lipid-oxidation effects and edible safety evaluation of the oil extracted by a supercritical CO2 process from coix seed fermented by Monascus purpureus. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Zhan Y, Xu H, Tan HT, Ho YS, Yang D, Chen S, Ow DSW, Lv X, Wei F, Bi X, Chen S. Systematic Adaptation of Bacillus licheniformis to 2-Phenylethanol Stress. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0156822. [PMID: 36752618 PMCID: PMC9972911 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01568-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The compound 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) is a bulk flavor and fragrance with a rose-like aroma that can be produced by microbial cell factories, but its cellular toxicity inhibits cellular growth and limits strain performance. Specifically, the microbe Bacillus licheniformis has shown a strong tolerance to 2-PE. Understanding these tolerance mechanisms is crucial for achieving the hyperproduction of 2-PE. In this report, the mechanisms of B. licheniformis DW2 resistance to 2-PE were studied by multi-omics technology coupled with physiological and molecular biological approaches. 2-PE induced reactive oxygen species formation and affected nucleic acid, ribosome, and cell wall synthesis. To manage 2-PE stress, the antioxidant and global stress response systems were activated; the repair system of proteins and homeostasis of the ion and osmotic were initiated. Furthermore, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and NADPH synthesis pathways were upregulated; correspondingly, scanning electron microscopy revealed that cell morphology was changed. These results provide deeper insights into the adaptive mechanisms of B. licheniformis to 2-PE and highlight the potential targets for genetic manipulation to enhance 2-PE resistance. IMPORTANCE The ability to tolerate organic solvents is essential for bacteria producing these chemicals with high titer, yield, and productivity. As exemplified by 2-PE, bioproduction of 2-PE represents a promising alternative to chemical synthesis and plant extraction approaches, but its toxicity hinders successful large-scale microbial production. Here, a multi-omics approach is employed to systematically study the mechanisms of B. licheniformis DW2 resistance to 2-PE. As a 2-PE-tolerant strain, B. licheniformis displays multifactorial mechanisms of 2-PE tolerance, including activating global stress response and repair systems, increasing NADPH supply, changing cell morphology and membrane composition, and remodeling metabolic pathways. The current work yields novel insights into the mechanisms of B. licheniformis resistance to 2-PE. This knowledge can also be used as a clue for improving bacterial performances to achieve industrial-scale production of 2-PE and potentially applied to the production of other relevant organic solvents, such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hween Tong Tan
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Swan Ho
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dongxiao Yang
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shuwen Chen
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dave Siak-Wei Ow
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuezhi Bi
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shouwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Environmental Microbial Technology Center of Hubei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Regulated synthesis and metabolism of Monascus pigments in a unique environment. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:46. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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A mutant of Monascus purpureus obtained by carbon ion beam irradiation yielded yellow pigments using various nitrogen sources. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 162:110121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Tong A, Lu J, Huang Z, Huang Q, Zhang Y, Farag MA, Liu B, Zhao C. Comparative transcriptomics discloses the regulatory impact of carbon/nitrogen fermentation on the biosynthesis of Monascus kaoliang pigments. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100250. [PMID: 35499013 PMCID: PMC9040001 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of Monascus pigments (MPs) depends on many fermentation conditions. Carbon and nitrogen had important effect on the biosynthesis of MPs. Comparative transcriptomic provided a comprehensive interpretation of the links between primary and secondary metabolisms in MPs.
Carbon and nitrogen play a fundamental role in the production of Monascus pigments. However, their effects on pigment biosynthesis remain undetermined. In this study, we found that Monascus kaoliang produces pigments via liquid fermentation using glycerol and peptone as suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Comparative transcriptomic profiling was performed using RNA sequencing. It indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of carbon were enriched using amino acids and carbohydrates via the transport and metabolism pathways, respectively. DEGs of nitrogen were enriched only using general functional prediction pathways. These data provide a comprehensive interpretation of the linkage between primary and secondary metabolisms in M. kaoliang. Moreover, they provide insights into the effects of various substances involved in secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinqiang Lu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zirui Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qizhen Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
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8
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Liu L, Wang Z. Azaphilone alkaloids: prospective source of natural food pigments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 106:469-484. [PMID: 34921328 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Azaphilone, biosynthesized by polyketide synthase, is a class of fungal metabolites. In this review, after brief introduction of the natural azaphilone diversity, we in detail discussed azaphilic addition reaction involving conversion of natural azaphilone into the corresponding azaphilone alkaloid. Then, setting red Monascus pigments (a traditional food colorant in China) as example, we presented a new strategy, i.e., interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with living microbial metabolism in a one-pot process, to produce azaphilone alkaloid with a specified amine residue (red Monascus pigments) during submerged culture. Benefit from the red Monascus pigments with a specified amine residue, the influence of primary amine on characteristics of the food colorant was highlighted. Finally, the progress for screening of alternative azaphilone alkaloids (production from interfacing azaphilic addition reaction with submerged culture of Talaromyces sp. or Penicillium sp.) as natural food colorant was reviewed. KEY POINTS: • Azaphilic addition reaction of natural azaphilone is biocompatible • Red Monascus pigment is a classic example of azaphilone alkaloids • Azaphilone alkaloids are alterative natural food colorant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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9
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Lu P, Wu A, Zhang S, Bai J, Guo T, Lin Q, Liu J. Triton X-100 supplementation regulates growth and secondary metabolite biosynthesis during in-depth extractive fermentation of Monascus purpureus. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:137-145. [PMID: 34601020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Extractive fermentation has been proven to be efficient in enhancing the secretion and production of secondary metabolites in submerged fermentation by Monascus spp., owing to increased cell membrane permeability and resolved product inhibition. In this study, we investigated the regulation effect of Triton X-100 on cell growth and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in submerged fermentation of M. purpureus DK. The results show that the maximum monascus pigments (MPs), citrinin (CIT) production, and specific growth rate are 136.86 U/mL, 4.57 mg/L, and 0.04 h-1, respectively, when 3 g/L of Triton X-100 is supplemented after fermentation for 10 d, and the extracellular MPs and CIT increased by 127.48% and 288.57%, respectively. RT-qPCR shows that the expression levels of MPs and CIT biosynthesis gene clusters are significantly upregulated, whereas those of glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, respiratory chains, and ATP synthase are downregulated. This study provides a vital strategy for extractive fermentation under extreme environmental conditions for further enhancing MP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxin Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Anqi Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Song Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Jie Bai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Ting Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 41004, China.
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10
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Meydan İ, Bilici M, Turan E, Zengin A. Selective Extraction and Determination of Citrinin in Rye Samples by a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Using Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer Precipitation Polymerization (RAFTPP) with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Detection. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1892125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- İsmet Meydan
- Health Services Vocational High School, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Bilici
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Eylem Turan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adem Zengin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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11
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Pavesi C, Flon V, Mann S, Leleu S, Prado S, Franck X. Biosynthesis of azaphilones: a review. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1058-1071. [PMID: 33527918 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00080a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Covering up to 2020 Azaphilones are fungal polyketide pigments bearing a highly oxygenated pyranoquinone bicyclic core; they are receiving a great deal of increasing research interest for their applications in the agroalimentary, dyeing, cosmetic, printing and pharmaceutical industries. Their biosynthetic pathways are not fully elucidated; however, thanks to recent genomic approaches combined with the increasing genome sequencing of fungi, some of these pathways have been recently unveiled. This is the first review on the biosynthesis of azaphilonoids adressed from a genomic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Pavesi
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (UMR 7245), Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Victor Flon
- Normandie Univ., CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Stéphane Mann
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (UMR 7245), Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Stéphane Leleu
- Normandie Univ., CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Soizic Prado
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (UMR 7245), Sorbonne Université, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Xavier Franck
- Normandie Univ., CNRS, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000 Rouen, France.
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12
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Januschewski E, Bischof G, Thanh BN, Bergmann P, Jerz G, Winterhalter P, Heinz V, Juadjur A. Rapid UV/Vis Spectroscopic Dye Authentication Assay for the Determination and Classification of Reactive Dyes, Monascus Pigments, and Natural Dyes in Coloring Foodstuff. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11839-11845. [PMID: 33035423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Food authenticity in the field of food dyes can be interpreted as the correctness of the coloring ingredients indicated. The Rapid UV/vis Spectroscopic Dye Authentication Assay (RaSDAY) presented in this work was used to verify the authenticity of water-soluble reddish colorings for food use. RaSDAY includes the processing of samples under different experimental conditions with pH variations and heat exposure. The absorbances measured are analyzed by principal component analysis and a k-nearest neighbors algorithm. As a result, classification of anthocyanins, betalains, and carmine and the detection of Monascus pigments, undeclared artificial food dyes, and reactive textile azo dyes can be performed by utilizing a rapid screening method. In 17 out of 20 samples of coloring food additives that were included in this work, reactive dyes, unpermitted Monascus pigments, and artificial food dyes were detected using the developed method. "Reactive Red 120", "Reactive Red 195", and "Reactive Red 198" were identified by subsequent 1H NMR spectroscopy in eight of those samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Januschewski
- German Institute of Food Technologies, Chemical Analytics, Prof.-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Greta Bischof
- German Institute of Food Technologies, Chemical Analytics, Prof.-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Binh Nguyen Thanh
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pia Bergmann
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gerold Jerz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies, Chemical Analytics, Prof.-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Andreas Juadjur
- German Institute of Food Technologies, Chemical Analytics, Prof.-von-Klitzing-Straße 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
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13
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Ouyang W, Liu X, Wang Y, Huang Z, Li X. Addition of genistein to the fermentation process reduces citrinin production by Monascus via changes at the transcription level. Food Chem 2020; 343:128410. [PMID: 33406573 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Monascus, which is traditionally used in various Asian industries, produces several secondary metabolites during the fermentation process, including citrinin, a toxin whose impact limits the development of the Monascus industry. We have previously found that the addition of 2.0 g/L genistein to Monascus medium reduces citrinin production by approximately 80%. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms whereby genistein affects citrinin production. We sequenced the Monascus genome and performed transcriptome analysis on genistein-treated and -untreated groups. Comparison between the two groups showed 378 downregulated and 564 upregulated genes. Among the latter, we further examined the genes related to citrinin biosynthesis and quantified them using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Genes orf5, pksCT, orf3, orf1, orf6, and ctnE were significantly downregulated, demonstrating that genistein addition indeed affects citrinin synthesis. Our results may lay the groundwork for substantial improvements in the Monascus fermentation industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanbao Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and Sino-German Joint Research Institut, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and Sino-German Joint Research Institut, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and Sino-German Joint Research Institut, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Zhibing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, and Sino-German Joint Research Institut, Nanchang University, No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Xiujiang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai Main Street, Nanjing West Road, Nanchang 330006, China
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Pailliè-Jiménez ME, Stincone P, Brandelli A. Natural Pigments of Microbial Origin. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.590439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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15
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Zhou B, Yang J, Bi L, Li J, Ma Y, Tian Y, Zhong H, Ren J. Quantitative Proteomics Analysis by Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Mass Spectra-Mass Spectrometry Reveals a Cross-Protection Mechanism for Monascus To Tolerate High-Concentration Ammonium Chloride. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6672-6682. [PMID: 32489101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To achieve the accumulation of targeted secondary metabolites, microorganisms must adopt various protection mechanisms to avoid or reduce damage to cells caused by abiotic stresses, which formed from the changes of physical and chemical culture conditions. The protection mechanism of Monascus sp. to tolerate high-concentration ammonium chloride was analyzed by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra-mass spectrometry proteomics in this work, and the results indicated that abiotic stresses caused by high-concentration ammonium chloride inhibited the synthesis of chitin and glycoprotein, leading to a decrease in cell wall integrity and, thus, affecting cell growth. At the same time, it also inhibited the complex enzyme III and IV activities of the mitochondrial cytochrome respiratory chain, leading to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. With the aim to respond to abiotic stresses, the cross-protection mechanism was implemented in Monascus, including self-protection of the Monascus cell by promoting synthesis of trehalose, a molecular chaperone that facilitates protein folding (such as heat-shock protein) and autophagy-related proteins, through not the enzyme protection system (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, NADPH oxidase, and alternative oxidase) but the glutathione/glutaredoxin system, to maintain the intracellular redox state and then eliminate or reduce ROS damage to the cell. At the same time, an alternative respiratory pathway related to NADH dehydrogenase was activated to balance the material and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Luanluan Bi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbo Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yifan Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Ren
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Sources Safety and Processing, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
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