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Zhang J, Chen S, Liu X, Yu X, Gu N, Li A. Discovery of 1,2,3-triazole-based pleuromutilin derivatives as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 110:129878. [PMID: 38977107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
A novel class of pleuromutilin derivatives possessing 1,2,3-triazole as the linker connected to phenyl analogues were designed. The antibacterial properties of the prepared compounds were assessed in vitro against five strains (E. coli, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. faecalis). Most of the tested compounds displayed potent antibacterial activities against gram-positive bacteria and 14-O-[2-(4-((2,4-dinitrophenoxy)-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl) acetamide)-2-methylpropan-2-yl) thioacetyl]mutilin (7c) exerted antibacterial activities against S. aureus, MRSA and S. epidermidis with MIC values 0.0625 μg/mL, representing 64-fold, 4-fold and 8-fold higher than tiamulin respectively. Compound 6e, 7c and 8c were chosen to carry out killing kinetics, which exhibited concentration-dependent effect. Subsequently, molecular modeling was conducted to further explore the binding of compound 6e, 7a, 7c, 8c and tiamulin with 50S ribosomal subunit from deinococcus radiodurans. The investigation revealed that the main interactions between compound 7c and the ribosomal residues were three hydrogen bonds, π-π, and p-π conjugate effects. Additionally, the free binding energy and docking score of 7c with the ribosome demonstrated the lowest values of -11.90 kcal/mol and -7.97 kcal/mol, respectively, consistent with its superior antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Zhang
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang 050080, PR China
| | - Shaorui Chen
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Control on Surface and Interface, and College of Science, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang 050080, PR China.
| | - Xiaoya Liu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Control on Surface and Interface, and College of Science, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang 050080, PR China
| | - Xudong Yu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Control on Surface and Interface, and College of Science, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang 050080, PR China
| | - Na Gu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Control on Surface and Interface, and College of Science, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang 050080, PR China.
| | - Aijun Li
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Yuhua Road 70, Shijiazhuang 050080, PR China.
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Zhou X, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Yi Y, Yuan R, Pu W, Wang S, Shang R. Antimicrobial activity, safety and pharmacokinetics evaluation of PMTM: A novel pleuromutilin candidate. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117378. [PMID: 39241564 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of infections by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has led to dramatically increased mortality and threated the public health worldwide. Pleuromutilin compound 14-O-[(4-(pyrrolidine-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (PMTM) is a new antibacterial agent with excellent antibacterial efficacy against Gram positive bacteria. For further developing PMTM as a potential drug against MRSA infections, the in vitro antibacterial efficacy and preclinical safety were explored in this study. The results revealed that PMTM presented the higher anti-MRSA activity, increasing post-antibiotic effect (PAE) and limited potential to develop resistance. In safety evaluation, PMTM demonstrated low cytotoxicity, poor hemolytic activity, tolerable oral acute toxic effects in rats, devoid of mutagenic response and weak inhibitory potential on CYP3A4, but displayed moderate potential hERG K+ channel inhibition. Furthermore, two salts of PMTM with sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid were prepared and confirmed. The sulfate salt of PMTM exhibited the highest solubility based on powder dissolution experiments and was chosen to evaluate pharmacokinetics properties, in which it displayed improved mouse pharmacokinetics parameters and oral bioavailability. The present study successfully provides a good foundation of PMTM for new antibacterial drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Yunpeng Yi
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, Shandong 250023, China
| | - Ruili Yuan
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wanxia Pu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China.
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3
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Li K, Lin C, Hu YH, Wang J, Jin Z, Zeng ZL, Tang YZ. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of Pleuromutilin Derivatives Containing Thiazole. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1980-1989. [PMID: 38703116 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of pleuromutilin derivatives containing thiazole. The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of these synthesized compounds was examined by using four strains. Compared with tiamulin (MIC = 0.25 μg/mL), compound 14 exhibited potency in inhibiting MRSA growth (MIC = 0.0625 μg/mL) in these derivatives. Meanwhile, the time-killing kinetics further demonstrated that compound 14 could efficiently inhibit the MRSA growth. After exposure at 4 × MIC, the postantibiotic effect (PAE) of compound 14 was 1.29 h. Additionally, in thigh-infected mice, compound 14 exhibited a more potent antibacterial efficacy (-1.78 ± 0.28 log10 CFU/g) in reducing MRSA load compared to tiamulin (-1.21 ± 0.23 log10 CFU/g). Moreover, the MTT assay on RAW 264.7 cells demonstrated that compound 14 (8 μg/mL) had no significant cytotoxicity. Docking studies indicated the strong affinity of compound 14 toward the 50S ribosomal subunit, with a binding free energy of -9.63 kcal/mol. Taken together, it could be deduced that compound 14 was a promising candidate for treating MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu-Han Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Liu Y, Zhou Q, Huo Y, Sun X, Hu J. Recent advances in developing modified C14 side chain pleuromutilins as novel antibacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116313. [PMID: 38503168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing resistance to most existing antimicrobial drugs, research has shifted towards developing novel antimicrobial agents with mechanisms of action distinct from those of current clinical options. Pleuromutilins are antibiotics known for their distinct mechanism of action, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome. Recent studies have revealed that pleuromutilin derivatives can disrupt bacterial cell membranes, thereby enhancing antibacterial efficacy. Both marketed pleuromutilin derivatives and those in clinical trials have been developed by structurally modifying the pleuromutilin C14 side chain to improve their antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this review aims to review advancement in the chemical structural characteristics, antibacterial activities, and structure-activity relationship studies of pleuromutilins, specifically focusing on modifications made to the C14 side chain in recent years. These findings provide a valuable reference for future research and development of pleuromutilins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Shandong Second Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Qinjiang Zhou
- Shandong Second Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Yiwen Huo
- Shandong Second Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Sun
- Shandong Second Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Jinxing Hu
- Shandong Second Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China.
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Heidtmann CV, Fejer AR, Stærk K, Pedersen M, Asmussen MG, Hertz FB, Prabhala BK, Frimodt-Møller N, Klitgaard JK, Andersen TE, Nielsen CU, Nielsen P. Hit-to-Lead Identification and Validation of a Triaromatic Pleuromutilin Antibiotic Candidate. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3692-3710. [PMID: 38385364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the hit-to-lead identification of a drug-like pleuromutilin conjugate 16, based on a triaromatic hit reported in 2020. The lead arose as the clear candidate from a hit-optimization campaign in which Gram-positive antibacterial activity, solubility, and P-gp affinity were optimized. Conjugate 16 was extensively evaluated for its in vitro ADMET performance which, apart from solubility, was overall on par with lefamulin. This evaluation included Caco-2 cell permeability, plasma protein binding, hERG inhibition, cytotoxicity, metabolism in microsomes and CYP3A4, resistance induction, and time-kill kinetics. Intravenous pharmacokinetics of 16 proved satisfactory in both mice and pigs; however, oral bioavailability was limited likely due to insufficient solubility. The in vivo efficacy was evaluated in mice, systemically infected with Staphylococcus aureus, where 16 showed rapid reduction in blood bacteriaemia. Through our comprehensive studies, lead 16 has emerged as a highly promising and safe antibiotic candidate for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer V Heidtmann
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Andreas R Fejer
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Kristian Stærk
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Maria Pedersen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Marco G Asmussen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Frederik B Hertz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bala K Prabhala
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Niels Frimodt-Møller
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne K Klitgaard
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Unit of Molecular Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Andersen
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Carsten U Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Poul Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Zhang J, Liu Q, Zhao H, Li G, Yi Y, Shang R. Design and Synthesis of Pleuromutilin Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents Using Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2256. [PMID: 38396934 PMCID: PMC10888563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) is one of the most popular methods for the virtual screening of new drug leads and optimization. Herein, we collected a dataset of 955 MIC values of pleuromutilin derivatives to construct a 2D-QSAR model with an accuracy of 80% and a 3D-QSAR model with a non-cross-validated correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9836 and a cross-validated correlation coefficient (q2) of 0.7986. Based on the obtained QSAR models, we designed and synthesized pleuromutilin compounds 1 and 2 with thiol-functionalized side chains. Compound 1 displayed the highest antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (S. aureus) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) < 0.0625 μg/mL. These experimental results confirmed that the 2D and 3D-QSAR models displayed a high accuracy of the prediction function for the discovery of lead compounds from pleuromutilin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China (G.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250023, China
| | - Qinqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China (G.L.)
| | - Haoxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China (G.L.)
| | - Guiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China (G.L.)
| | - Yunpeng Yi
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250023, China
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou 730050, China (G.L.)
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7
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Nazli A, Tao W, You H, He X, He Y. Treatment of MRSA Infection: Where are We? Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:4425-4460. [PMID: 38310393 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673249381231130111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of septicemia, endocarditis, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, bone and joint infections, and hospital-acquired infections. In particular, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and continues to be a major public health problem. The emergence of multidrug-resistant MRSA strains along with the wide consumption of antibiotics has made anti-MRSA treatment a huge challenge. Novel treatment strategies (e.g., novel antimicrobials and new administrations) against MRSA are urgently needed. In the past decade, pharmaceutical companies have invested more in the research and development (R&D) of new antimicrobials and strategies, spurred by favorable policies. All research articles were collected from authentic online databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, by using different combinations of keywords, including 'anti-MRSA', 'antibiotic', 'antimicrobial', 'clinical trial', 'clinical phase', clinical studies', and 'pipeline'. The information extracted from articles was compared to information provided on the drug manufacturer's website and Clinical Trials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/) to confirm the latest development phase of anti-MRSA agents. The present review focuses on the current development status of new anti-MRSA strategies concerning chemistry, pharmacological target(s), indications, route of administration, efficacy and safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics, and aims to discuss the challenges and opportunities in developing drugs for anti-MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adila Nazli
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Wenlan Tao
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Hengyao You
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS Chongqing), Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
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Liu Q, Zhang H, Yi Y, Wang P, Pu W, Wang S, Shang R. Synthesis and evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives targeting the 50S ribosomal subunit for antibacterial ability. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115882. [PMID: 37879170 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, have become a major global public health concern. Therefore, developing new antibiotics that do not possess cross-resistance for the currently available antibiotics is critical. Herein, we synthesized a novel class of pleuromutilin derivatives containing substituted triazine with improved antibacterial activity. Among these derivatives, 6d, which contains 4-dimethylamino-1,3,5-triazine in the side chain of pleuromutilin, exhibited highly promising antimicrobial activity and mitigated antibiotic resistance. The high antibacterial potency of 6d was further supported by docking model analysis and green fluorescent protein inhibition assay. Additionally, cytotoxicity and acute oral toxicity evaluation and in vivo mouse systemic infection experiments revealed that 6d possessed tolerable toxicity and promising therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - YunPeng Yi
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, 202 Gongyebeilu, Jinan, 250023, Shandong, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Wanxia Pu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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Chavarria D, Borges A, Benfeito S, Sequeira L, Ribeiro M, Oliveira C, Borges F, Simões M, Cagide F. Phytochemicals and quaternary phosphonium ionic liquids: Connecting the dots to develop a new class of antimicrobial agents. J Adv Res 2023; 54:251-269. [PMID: 36822390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a growing threat to human health, and the efficacy of the available antibiotics is gradually decreasing. As such, new antibiotic classes are urgently needed. OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, safety and mechanism of action of phytochemical-based triphenylphosphonium (TPP+) conjugates. METHODS A library of phytochemical-based TPP+ conjugates was repositioned and extended, and its antimicrobial activity was evaluated against a panel of Gram-positive (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - MRSA) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii) and fungi (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii). The compounds' cytotoxicity and haemolytic profile were also evaluated. To unravel the mechanism of action of the best compounds, the alterations in the surface charge, bacterial membrane integrity, and cytoplasmic leakage were assessed. RESULTS Structure-activity-toxicity data revealed the contributions of the different structural components (phenolic ring, carbon-based spacers, carboxamide group, alkyl linker) to the compounds' bioactivity and safety. Dihydrocinnamic derivatives 5 m and 5n stood out as safe, potent and selective antibacterial agents against S. aureus (MIC < 0.25 µg/mL; CC50 > 32 µg/mL; HC10 > 32 µg/mL). Mechanistic studies suggest that the antibacterial activity of compounds 5 m and 5n may result from interactions with the bacterial cell wall and membrane. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these studies demonstrate the potential of phytochemical-based TPP+ conjugates as a new class of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chavarria
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Borges
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lisa Sequeira
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Ribeiro
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Oliveira
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP-IMS/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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Zhou Y, Yi Y, Yang J, Zhang H, Liu Q, Wang S, Pu W, Shang R. Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity and safety evaluation of 14-O-[(5-ethoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (EDT). Sci Rep 2023; 13:15267. [PMID: 37709940 PMCID: PMC10502144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have threated the public health worldwide, which emphasizes the urgent need for new drugs with novel mechanism of actions. 14-O-[(5-ethoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (EDT) is a pleuromutilin compound with high activity against several Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to verifying the potential anti-MRSA activity and evaluating the safety of EDT. In in vitro antibacterial activity assays, EDT exhibited potent antibacterial activity against MRSA isolated from clinic (minimum inhibitory concentration = 0.0313-0.125 μg/mL), increased post-antibiotic effect (PAE) values and limited potential for the development of resistance. Docking model and green fluorescent protein (GFP) inhibition assay further elucidated the higher antibacterial activities of EDT via mechanism of action. In safety evaluation, EDT exhibited low cytotoxic effect and acute oral toxicity in mice and avoided to significantly increase the number of revertant colonies of six tested strains in the Ames study. Furthermore, EDT displayed a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 and moderate stability in mouse and human liver microsomes, providing a promising agent for the development of new antimicrobial candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Yi
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, 250023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Gansu Analysis and Research Center, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanxia Pu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Han MJ, Pan M, Xiao G, Yuan Y, Chen S, Zou Z. Assessing Boron-Pleuromutilin AN11251 for the Development of Antibacterial Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:4628. [PMID: 37375183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleuromutilins are a group of antibiotics derived from the naturally occurring compound. The recent approval of lefamulin for both intravenous and oral doses in humans to treat community-acquired bacterial pneumonia has prompted investigations in modifying the structure to broaden the antibacterial spectrum, enhance the activity, and improve the pharmacokinetic properties. AN11251 is a C(14)-functionalized pleuromutilin with a boron-containing heterocycle substructure. It was demonstrated to be an anti-Wolbachia agent with therapeutic potential for Onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis. Here, the in vitro and in vivo PK parameters of AN11251 were measured including PPB, intrinsic clearance, half-life, systemic clearance, and volume of distribution. The results indicate that the benzoxaborole-modified pleuromutilin possesses good ADME and PK properties. AN11251 has potent activities against the Gram-positive bacterial pathogens tested, including various drug-resistant strains, and against the slow-growing mycobacterial species. Finally, we employed PK/PD modeling to predict the human dose for treatment of disease caused by Wolbachia, Gram-positive bacteria, or Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which might facilitate the further development of AN11251.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Han
- Department of DMPK & Tox, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, Zhongguancun Dongsheng International Science Park, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Miaomiao Pan
- Department of TB Biology, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, Zhongguancun Dongsheng International Science Park, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Genhui Xiao
- Department of TB Biology, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, Zhongguancun Dongsheng International Science Park, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of TB Biology, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, Zhongguancun Dongsheng International Science Park, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Shawn Chen
- Department of TB Biology, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, Zhongguancun Dongsheng International Science Park, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Zhiyang Zou
- Department of DMPK & Tox, Global Health Drug Discovery Institute, Zhongguancun Dongsheng International Science Park, Beijing 100192, China
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12
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Wu Z, Zhu X, Hong A, He G, Wang Z, Xu Q, Hu Z, Wu X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Zhao X, Li L, Deng X. Discovery of urea-based pleuromutilin derivatives as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106547. [PMID: 37105000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to discover new antibacterial drugs and provide new treatment options for clinical antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogen infections. Inspired by the structural insights from analyzing the co-crystal structure of lefamulin with the ribosomes of S. aureus, a series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives of phenylene sulfide incorporated with urea moiety were designed and synthesized. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study revealed that derivatives with urea in the meta position of phenylene sulfide had optimal antibacterial activities in vitro. Among them, 21h was the most potent one against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and clinical AMR Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of 0.00195-0.250 μg/mL. And it possessed low resistance frequency, prolonged Post-Antibiotic Effect and the capability to overcome lefamulin-induced resistance. Furthermore, 21h exhibited potent antibacterial activity in vivo in both the thigh infection model and trauma infection model, representing a promising lead for the development of new antibiotics against Gram-positive pathogens, especially for AMR bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Anjin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Guanghui He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qingyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhiyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaobing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yuezhou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qiufang Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xilin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Xianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State-province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Targeted Drugs from Natural Products, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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13
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Xia J, Xin L, Li J, Tian L, Wu K, Zhang S, Yan W, Li H, Zhao Q, Liang C. Discovery of Quaternized Pyridine-Thiazole-Pleuromutilin Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial and Potent Anti-MRSA Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:5061-5078. [PMID: 37051724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The quaternization of compounds has emerged as a promising molecular design strategy for the development of antibiotics. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, antibacterial activities, and structure-activity relationships of a series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing a quaternary amine C-14 side chain. Most of these derivatives exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. 10b was the most effective antibacterial agent that displayed excellent antibacterial activity against five clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates, remarkable antimycoplasma activity, rapid bactericidal effects, and a strong ability to damage bacterial biofilms. Further mechanistic studies indicated that 10b destroyed bacterial cell membranes to exert its antibacterial effects. Moreover, 10b exhibited high survival protection and potent in vivo antibacterial efficacy (ED50 = 4.94 mg/kg) in a mouse model of systemic MRSA infection. These findings suggest that 10b is a promising candidate for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant infectious diseases, especially MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xia
- Laboratory of Hematologic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, P. R. China
| | - Liang Xin
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Li
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Kangxiong Wu
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Zhang
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- School of Biology and Medicine, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, P. R. China
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14
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Xu Q, Zhao Z, Liang P, Wang S, Li F, Jin S, Zhang J. Identification of novel nematode succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors: Virtual screening based on ligand-pocket interactions. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:9-23. [PMID: 34981652 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To discover new nematicidal succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitors with novel structures, we conducted a virtual screening of the ChemBridge library with 1.7 million compounds based on ligand-pocket interactions. The homology model of Caenorhabditis elegans SDH was established, along with a pharmacophore model based on ligand-pocket interactions. After the pharmacophore-based and docking-based screening, 19 compounds were selected for the subsequent enzymatic assays. The results showed that compound 1 (ID: 7607321) exhibited inhibitory activity against SDH with a determined IC50 value of 19.6 μM. Structural modifications and nematicidal activity studies were then carried out, which provided further evidence that compound 1 exhibited excellent nematicidal activity. Molecular dynamics simulations were then conducted to investigate the underlying molecular basis for the potency of these inhibitors against SDH. This work provides a reliable strategy and useful information for the future design of nematode SDH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Xu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peibo Liang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Wang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Li
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhui Jin
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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15
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Deng C, Yan H, Wang J, Liu K, Liu BS, Shi YM. 1,2,3-Triazole-containing hybrids with potential antibacterial activity against ESKAPE pathogens. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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16
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Janin YL. On drug discovery against infectious diseases and academic medicinal chemistry contributions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1355-1378. [PMID: 36247982 PMCID: PMC9531561 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective is an attempt to document the problems that medicinal chemists are facing in drug discovery. It is also trying to identify relevant/possible, research areas in which academics can have an impact and should thus be the subject of grant calls. Accordingly, it describes how hit discovery happens, how compounds to be screened are selected from available chemicals and the possible reasons for the recurrent paucity of useful/exploitable results reported. This is followed by the successful hit to lead stories leading to recent and original antibacterials which are, or about to be, used in human medicine. Then, illustrated considerations and suggestions are made on the possible inputs of academic medicinal chemists. This starts with the observation that discovering a "good" hit in the course of a screening campaign still rely on a lot of luck - which is within the reach of academics -, that the hit to lead process requires a lot of chemistry and that if public-private partnerships can be important throughout these stages, they are absolute requirements for clinical trials. Concerning suggestions to improve the current hit success rate, one academic input in organic chemistry would be to identify new and pertinent chemical space, design synthetic accesses to reach these and prepare the corresponding chemical libraries. Concerning hit to lead programs on a given target, if no new hits are available, previously reported leads along with new structural data can be pertinent starting points to design, prepare and assay original analogues. In conclusion, this text is an actual plea illustrating that, in many countries, academic research in medicinal chemistry should be more funded, especially in the therapeutic area neglected by the industry. At the least, such funds would provide the intensive to secure series of hopefully relevant chemical entities which appears to often lack when considering the results of academic as well as industrial screening campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves L Janin
- Structure et Instabilité des Génomes (StrInG), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, INSERM, CNRS, Alliance Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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17
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Chai F, Wang J, Zhou KX, Wang SK, Liu YH, Jin Z, Tang YZ. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives possessing 4-aminothiophenol linker as promising antibacterial agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105859. [PMID: 35605553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing 4-aminothiophenol moieties have been designed and synthesized as promising antibacterial agents against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The in vitro antibacterial activity of these semisynthetic derivatives against 4 strains of S. aureus (MRSA ATCC 43300, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus 144 and S. aureus AD3) was evaluated by the broth dilution method. Most of the synthesized derivatives displayed prominent in vitro activity (MIC ≤ 0.5 µg/mL). 12 Compounds possessed superior antibacterial activity against MRSA compared with valnemulin and retapamulin (MIC = 0.0625 µg/mL). Compounds 12, 16a, 16c and 19 exhibited the most effective antibacterial effect against MRSA (MIC = 0.015 µg/mL). Furthermore, the time-kill curves showed compounds 12 and 19 had a certain inhibitory effect against MRSA in vitro. Compounds 12 and 19 possessed longer PAE time (2.74 h and 3.11 h, respectively) than tiamulin (PAE = 2.04 h) against MRSA after exposure at 4 × MIC concentration for 2 h. Compounds 12 and 19 also displayed superior in vivo antibacterial efficacy (-1.20 log10 CFU/mL and -1.21 log10 CFU/mL, respectively) than tiamulin (-0.75 log10 CFU/mL) in reducing MRSA load in the mice thigh infection model. In addition, compound 19 had barely inhibitory effect on RAW 264.7 and 16HBE cells at 8 µg/mL. In molecular docking study, upon docking into the 50S ribosomal subunit, the binding free energy (ΔGb) of compound 12 and 19 was calculated to be -9.02 kcal/mol and -9.89 kcal/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ke-Xin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shou-Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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18
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Wu G, Zhu Z, Li J, Luo X, Zhu W, Liao G, Xia J, Zhang W, Pan W, Li T, Wu S. Design, synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of pleuromutilin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 59:116676. [PMID: 35220163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We report herein the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of pleuromutilin derivatives containing urea/thiourea functionalities. The antibacterial activities of these new pleuromutilin derivatives were evaluated in vitro against Gram-positive pathogens (GPPs) (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae by the broth dilution method. Most of the targeted compounds exhibit good potency in inhibiting the growth of pathogens including Methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA, ATCC29213, MIC: 0.0625-16 μg/mL), Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, ATCC43300, MIC: 0.125-16 μg/mL) and M. pneumoniae (ATCC15531 MIC: 0.125-1 μg/mL, ATCC29342 MIC: 0.0625-0.25 μg/mL and drug resistant strain MIC: 0.5-2 μg/mL). In particular, the compounds 6m and 6n containing phenyl-urea group showed excellent activity with the MIC value less than 0.0625 μg/mL against S. aureus ATCC29213. The compound 6h exhibited better activity than tiamulin against Methicillin-resistant S. aureus ATCC43300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zihao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jishun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xinyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenyong Zhu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming 650031, Chin
| | - Guoyang Liao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Kunming 650031, Chin
| | - Jie Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weidong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants/School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China.
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19
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Fang HQ, Zeng J, Wang SK, Wang X, Chen F, Li B, Liu J, Jin Z, Liu YH, Tang YZ. Discovery of Novel Pleuromutilin Derivatives as Potent Antibacterial Agents for the Treatment of MRSA Infection. Molecules 2022; 27:931. [PMID: 35164203 PMCID: PMC8838415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives containing nitrogen groups on the side chain of C14 were synthesized under mild conditions. Most of the synthesized derivatives displayed potent antibacterial activities. Compound 9 was found to be the most active antibacterial derivative against MRSA (MIC = 0.06 μg/mL). Furthermore, the result of time-kill curves showed that compound 9 had a certain inhibitory effect against MRSA in vitro. Moreover, according to a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) study, compound 9 (KD = 1.77 × 10-8 M) showed stronger affinity to the 50S ribosome than tiamulin (KD = 2.50 × 10-8 M). The antibacterial activity of compound 9 was further evaluated in an MRSA-infected murine thigh model. Compared to the negative control group, tiamulin reduced MRSA load (~0.7 log10 CFU/mL), and compound 9 performed a treatment effect (~1.3 log10 CFU/mL). In addition, compound 9 was evaluated in CYP450 inhibition assay and showed only moderate in vitro CYP3A4 inhibition (IC50 = 2.92 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Jie Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Shou-Kai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Xiao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Fang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Bo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Jie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China; (H.-Q.F.); (J.Z.); (S.-K.W.); (X.W.); (F.C.); (B.L.); (J.L.); (Z.J.); (Y.-H.L.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
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