1
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Wu J, Mao M, Yang J, Li K, Deng P, Zhong J, Wu X, Cheng Y. Development of an 18F-labeled azobenzothiazole tracer for α-synuclein aggregates in the brain. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4550-4558. [PMID: 38768281 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00492b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear imaging of aggregated α-synuclein pathology is an urgent clinical need for Parkinson's disease, yet promising tracers for brain α-synuclein aggregates are still rare. In this work, a class of compact benzothiazole derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for α-synuclein aggregates. Among them, azobenzothiazoles exhibited specific and selective detection of α-synuclein aggregates under physiological conditions. Fluoro-pegylated azobenzothiazole NN-F further demonstrated high-affinity binding to α-synuclein aggregates and efficient 18F-radiolabeling via nucleophilic displacement of a tosyl precursor. [18F]NN-F was stable in plasma in vitro and showed efficient brain uptake with little defluorination in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Meiting Mao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Pengxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jing Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaoai Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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2
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Chisholm T, Melki R, Hunter CA. Ligand Profiling as a Diagnostic Tool to Differentiate Patient-Derived α-Synuclein Polymorphs. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:2080-2088. [PMID: 38690599 PMCID: PMC11099917 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are characteristic of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. While different diseases may have fibrils formed of the same protein, the supramolecular morphology of these fibrils is disease-specific. Here, a method is reported to distinguish eight morphologically distinct amyloid fibrils based on differences in ligand binding properties. Eight fibrillar polymorphs of α-synuclein (αSyn) were investigated: five generated de novo using recombinant αSyn and three generated using protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) of recombinant αSyn seeded with brain homogenates from deceased patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Fluorescence binding assays were carried out for each fibril using a toolkit of six different ligands. The fibril samples were separated into five categories based on a binary classification of whether they bound specific ligands or not. Quantitative binding measurements then allowed every fibrillar polymorph to be uniquely identified, and the PMCA fibrils derived from PD, MSA, and DLB patients could be unambiguously distinguished. This approach constitutes a novel and operationally simple method to differentiate amyloid fibril morphologies and to identify disease states using PMCA fibrils obtained by seeding with patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy
S. Chisholm
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Ronald Melki
- Institut
François Jacob (MIRCen), CEA, CNRS, University Paris-Saclay, 18 Route du Panorama, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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3
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Ezelarab HAA, Ali TFS, Abbas SH, Sayed AM, Beshr EAM, Hassan HA. New antiproliferative 3-substituted oxindoles inhibiting EGFR/VEGFR-2 and tubulin polymerization. Mol Divers 2024; 28:563-580. [PMID: 36790582 PMCID: PMC11070402 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10603-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
New 3-substituted oxindole derivatives were designed and synthesized as antiproliferative agents. The antiproliferative activity of compounds 6a-j was evaluated against 60 NCI cell lines. Among these tested compounds, compounds 6f and 6g showed remarkable antiproliferative activity, specifically against leukemia and breast cancer cell lines. Compound 6f was the most promising antiproliferative agent against MCF-7 (human breast cancer) with an IC50 value of 14.77 µM compared to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) (IC50 = 2.02 µM). Notably, compound 6f hampered receptor tyrosine EGFR fundamentally with an IC50 value of 1.38 µM, compared to the reference sunitinib with an IC50 value of 0.08 µM. Moreover, compound 6f afforded anti-tubulin polymerization activity with an IC50 value of 7.99 µM as an outstanding observable activity compared with the reference combretastatin A4 with an IC50 value of 2.64 µM. In silico molecular-docking results of compound 6f in the ATP-binding site of EGFR agreed with the in vitro results. Besides, the investigation of the physicochemical properties of compound 6f via the egg-boiled method clarified good lipophilicity, GIT absorption, and blood-brain barrier penetration properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519-Mini, Minia, Egypt
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4
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Ezelarab HAA, Abd El-Hafeez AA, Ali TFS, Sayed AM, Hassan HA, Beshr EAM, Abbas SH. New 2-oxoindole derivatives as multiple PDGFRα/ß and VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107234. [PMID: 38412650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Two new series of N-aryl acetamides 6a-o and benzyloxy benzylidenes 9a-p based 2-oxoindole derivatives were designed as potent antiproliferative multiple kinase inhibitors. The results of one-dose NCI antiproliferative screening for compounds 6a-o and 9a-p elucidated that the most promising antiproliferative scaffolds were 6f and 9f, which underwent five-dose testing. Notably, the amido congener 6f was the most potent derivative towards pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma MDA-PATC53 and PL45 cell lines (IC50 = 1.73 µM and 2.40 µM, respectively), and the benzyloxy derivative 9f was the next potent one with IC50 values of 2.85 µM and 2.96 µM, respectively. Both compounds 6f and 9f demonstrated a favorable safety profile when tested against normal prostate epithelial cells (RWPE-1). Additionally, compound 6f displayed exceptional selectivity as a multiple kinase inhibitor, particularly targeting PDGFRα, PDGFRβ, and VEGFR-2 kinases, with IC50 values of 7.41 nM, 6.18 nM, and 7.49 nM, respectively. In contrast, the reference compound Sunitinib exhibited IC50 values of 43.88 nM, 2.13 nM, and 78.46 nM against the same kinases. The derivative 9f followed closely, with IC50 values of 9.9 nM, 6.62 nM, and 22.21 nM for the respective kinases. Both 6f and 9f disrupt the G2/M cell cycle transition by upregulating p21 and reducing CDK1 and cyclin B1 mRNA levels. The interplay between targeted kinases and these cell cycle regulators underpins the G2/M cell cycle arrest induced by our compounds. Also, compounds 6f and 9f fundamentally resulted in entering MDA-PATC53 cells into the early stage of apoptosis with good percentages compared to the positive control Sunitinib. The in silico molecular-docking outcomes of scaffolds 6a-o and 9a-p in VEGFR-2, PDGFRα, and PDGFRβ active sites depicted their ability to adopt essential binding interactions like the reference Sunitinib. Our designed analogs, specifically 6f and 9f, possess promising antiproliferative and kinase inhibitory properties, making them potential candidates for further therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Amer Ali Abd El-Hafeez
- Pharmacology and Experimental Oncology Unit, Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Taha F S Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, 62513 Beni-Suef, Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, Almaaqal University, 61014 Basrah, Iraq
| | - Heba A Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Eman A M Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
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5
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Dhavale DD, Barclay AM, Borcik CG, Basore K, Berthold DA, Gordon IR, Liu J, Milchberg MH, O'Shea JY, Rau MJ, Smith Z, Sen S, Summers B, Smith J, Warmuth OA, Perrin RJ, Perlmutter JS, Chen Q, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Schwieters CD, Tajkhorshid E, Rienstra CM, Kotzbauer PT. Structure of alpha-synuclein fibrils derived from human Lewy body dementia tissue. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2750. [PMID: 38553463 PMCID: PMC10980826 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The defining feature of Parkinson disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD) is the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (Asyn) fibrils in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Here we develop and validate a method to amplify Asyn fibrils extracted from LBD postmortem tissue samples and use solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) studies to determine atomic resolution structure. Amplified LBD Asyn fibrils comprise a mixture of single protofilament and two protofilament fibrils with very low twist. The protofilament fold is highly similar to the fold determined by a recent cryo-electron microscopy study for a minority population of twisted single protofilament fibrils extracted from LBD tissue. These results expand the structural characterization of LBD Asyn fibrils and approaches for studying disease mechanisms, imaging agents and therapeutics targeting Asyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruva D Dhavale
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alexander M Barclay
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Collin G Borcik
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Katherine Basore
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deborah A Berthold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Isabelle R Gordon
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jialu Liu
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Moses H Milchberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer Y O'Shea
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael J Rau
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Zachary Smith
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Soumyo Sen
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Brock Summers
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - John Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Owen A Warmuth
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Richard J Perrin
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Radiology, Neuroscience, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - James A J Fitzpatrick
- Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Charles D Schwieters
- Computational Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chad M Rienstra
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Paul T Kotzbauer
- Department of Neurology and Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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6
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Chisholm TS, Hunter CA. A closer look at amyloid ligands, and what they tell us about protein aggregates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1354-1374. [PMID: 38116736 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00518f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid fibrils is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease. Detecting these fibrils with fluorescent or radiolabelled ligands is one strategy for diagnosing and better understanding these diseases. A vast number of amyloid-binding ligands have been reported in the literature as a result. To obtain a better understanding of how amyloid ligands bind, we have compiled a database of 3457 experimental dissociation constants for 2076 unique amyloid-binding ligands. These ligands target Aβ, tau, or αSyn fibrils, as well as relevant biological samples including AD brain homogenates. From this database significant variation in the reported dissociation constants of ligands was found, possibly due to differences in the morphology of the fibrils being studied. Ligands were also found to bind to Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42) fibrils with similar affinities, whereas a greater difference was found for binding to Aβ and tau or αSyn fibrils. Next, the binding of ligands to fibrils was shown to be largely limited by the hydrophobic effect. Some Aβ ligands do not fit into this hydrophobicity-limited model, suggesting that polar interactions can play an important role when binding to this target. Finally several binding site models were outlined for amyloid fibrils that describe what ligands target what binding sites. These models provide a foundation for interpreting and designing site-specific binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S Chisholm
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1 EW, UK.
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1 EW, UK.
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7
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Bisi N, Pinzi L, Rastelli G, Tonali N. Early Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: What Has Been Undertaken to Promote the Transition from PET to Fluorescence Tracers. Molecules 2024; 29:722. [PMID: 38338465 PMCID: PMC10856728 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) represent two among the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. A common hallmark of these pathologies is the misfolding and consequent aggregation of amyloid proteins into soluble oligomers and insoluble β-sheet-rich fibrils, which ultimately lead to neurotoxicity and cell death. After a hundred years of research on the subject, this is the only reliable histopathological feature in our hands. Since AD and PD are diagnosed only once neuronal death and the first symptoms have appeared, the early detection of these diseases is currently impossible. At present, there is no effective drug available, and patients are left with symptomatic and inconclusive therapies. Several reasons could be associated with the lack of effective therapeutic treatments. One of the most important factors is the lack of selective probes capable of detecting, as early as possible, the most toxic amyloid species involved in the onset of these pathologies. In this regard, chemical probes able to detect and distinguish among different amyloid aggregates are urgently needed. In this article, we will review and put into perspective results from ex vivo and in vivo studies performed on compounds specifically interacting with such early species. Following a general overview on the three different amyloid proteins leading to insoluble β-sheet-rich amyloid deposits (amyloid β1-42 peptide, Tau, and α-synuclein), a list of the advantages and disadvantages of the approaches employed to date is discussed, with particular attention paid to the translation of fluorescence imaging into clinical applications. Furthermore, we also discuss how the progress achieved in detecting the amyloids of one neurodegenerative disease could be leveraged for research into another amyloidosis. As evidenced by a critical analysis of the state of the art, substantial work still needs to be conducted. Indeed, the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is a priority, and we believe that this review could be a useful tool for better investigating this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Bisi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17, Av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Luca Pinzi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Giulio Rastelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Nicolò Tonali
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17, Av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
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8
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Chisholm T, Hunter CA. Ligand Profiling to Characterize Different Polymorphic Forms of α-Synuclein Aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27030-27037. [PMID: 38029411 PMCID: PMC10722502 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The presence of amyloid fibrils is a characteristic feature of many diseases, most famously neurodegenerative disease. The supramolecular structure of these fibrils appears to be disease-specific. Identifying the unique morphologies of amyloid fibrils could, therefore, form the basis of a diagnostic tool. Here we report a method to characterize the morphology of α-synuclein (αSyn) fibrils based on profiling multiple different ligand binding sites that are present on the surfaces of fibrils. By employing various competition binding assays, seven different types of binding sites were identified on four different morphologies of αSyn fibrils. Similar binding sites on different fibrils were shown to bind ligands with significantly different affinities. We combined this information to construct individual profiles for different αSyn fibrils based on the distribution of binding sites and ligand interactions. These results demonstrate that ligand-based profiling can be used as an analytical method to characterize fibril morphologies with operationally simple fluorescence binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy
S. Chisholm
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Christopher A. Hunter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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9
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Zeng Q, Liu S, Cui M. Structure-Activity Relationships of Cyano-substituted Indole Derivatives as Ligands for α-Synuclein Aggregates. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1467-1471. [PMID: 37849556 PMCID: PMC10577886 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-syn) is an essential biomarker for synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The development of α-syn imaging probes is of great importance for understanding the pathogenesis mechanism and developing new therapies. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of cyano-substituted indole derivatives and evaluated their potency to bind to α-syn fibrils by in vitro fibril binding assays. We carried out systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies and obtained a promising candidate 51. The results showed that 51 bound to α-syn fibrils with the affinity of 17.4 ± 5.6 nM, and the biodistribution experiments in normal mice showed [125I]51 exhibited a moderate brain uptake of 3.57 ± 0.28% ID/g at 2 min after injection. In conclusion, the indole derivative [125I]51 showed initial potential as α-syn imaging probes, which needed further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Beijing
Seven Dimension Neuroscience Research Center, Beijing Seven Dimension
Biotechnology Inc., Beijing 101500, China
| | - Mengchao Cui
- Key
Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center
for Advanced Materials Research, Beijing
Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
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10
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Bukhari SNA, Alsahli TG, Ejaz H, Ahmed N, Ahmad W, Elsherif MA, Alotaibi NH, Junaid K, Janković N. Dual activity of indolin-2-ones containing an arylidene motif: DNA and BSA interaction. RSC Adv 2023; 13:28139-28147. [PMID: 37753394 PMCID: PMC10518658 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04997c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Applying a multistep approach, novel indolin-2-ones (IND) that possess an arylidene motif have been synthesized. Eight compounds were chosen for different biological tests (antimicrobial and cytotoxicity). IND containing 2-thienyl (4h) fragment have been found to exhibit good antimicrobial activity against B. cereus. Molecules that have 3-aminophenyl (4d) or 2-pyridyl (4g) groups have shown the best antifungal activities against all tested fungi. These compounds have also been noticed as promising pharmaceuticals against MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Experimental outcomes from the investigation of the interaction of 4d with DNA implied its moderate binding to DNA (KSV = 1.35 × 104 and 3.05 × 104 M-1 for EB and Hoechst binder, respectively). However, considerably stronger binding of 4d to BSA has been evidenced (Ka = 6.1 × 106 M-1). In summary, IND that contains m-aminobenzylidene fragment (4d) exhibits a good dual biological activity making it a promising candidate for further investigation in the drug discovery sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq G Alsahli
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Gelugor 11800 Penang Malaysia
| | - Mervat A Elsherif
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Jouf University Sakaka Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser H Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University Sakaka 72388 Saudi Arabia
| | - Kashaf Junaid
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Nenad Janković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information of Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science Jovana Cvijića bb 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
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11
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Kim HY, Chia WK, Hsieh CJ, Guarino DS, Graham TJA, Lengyel-Zhand Z, Schneider M, Tomita C, Lougee MG, Kim HJ, Pagar VV, Lee H, Hou C, Garcia BA, Petersson EJ, O’Shea J, Kotzbauer PT, Mathis CA, Lee VMY, Luk KC, Mach RH. A Novel Brain PET Radiotracer for Imaging Alpha Synuclein Fibrils in Multiple System Atrophy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12185-12202. [PMID: 37651366 PMCID: PMC10617560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation characterizes α-synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). However, no suitable positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for imaging α-syn in PD and MSA exists currently. Our structure-activity relationship studies identified 4-methoxy-N-(4-(3-(pyridin-2-yl)-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)phenyl)benzamide (4i) as a PET radiotracer candidate for imaging α-syn. In vitro assays revealed high binding of 4i to recombinant α-syn fibrils (inhibition constant (Ki) = 6.1 nM) and low affinity for amyloid beta (Aβ) fibrils in Alzheimer's disease (AD) homogenates. However, [3H]4i also exhibited high specific binding to AD, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration tissues as well as PD and MSA tissues, suggesting notable affinity to tau. Nevertheless, the specific binding to pathologic α-syn aggregates in MSA post-mortem brain tissues was significantly higher than in PD tissues. This finding demonstrated the potential use of [11C]4i as a PET tracer for imaging α-syn in MSA patients. Nonhuman primate PET studies confirmed good brain uptake and rapid washout for [11C]4i.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Wai Kit Chia
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Chia-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Dinahlee Saturnino Guarino
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Thomas J. A. Graham
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Zsofia Lengyel-Zhand
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Mark Schneider
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Cosette Tomita
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Marshall G. Lougee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Hee Jong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6303, USA
| | - Vinayak V. Pagar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Hsiaoju Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Catherine Hou
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6303, USA
| | - E. James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Jennifer O’Shea
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Paul T. Kotzbauer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Chester A. Mathis
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Virginia M.-Y. Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2676, USA
| | - Kelvin C. Luk
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2676, USA
| | - Robert H. Mach
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Vagelos Laboratories, 1012, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
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12
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Di Nanni A, Saw RS, Battisti UM, Bowden GD, Boeckermann A, Bjerregaard-Andersen K, Pichler BJ, Herfert K, Herth MM, Maurer A. A Fluorescent Probe as a Lead Compound for a Selective α-Synuclein PET Tracer: Development of a Library of 2-Styrylbenzothiazoles and Biological Evaluation of [ 18F]PFSB and [ 18F]MFSB. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:31450-31467. [PMID: 37663501 PMCID: PMC10468942 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
A method to detect and quantify aggregated α-synuclein (αSYN) fibrils in vivo would drastically impact the current understanding of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, revolutionizing their diagnosis and treatment. Several efforts have produced promising scaffolds, but a notable challenge has hampered the establishment of a clinically successful αSYN positron emission tomography (PET) tracer: the requirement of high selectivity over the other misfolded proteins amyloid β (Aβ) and tau. By designing and screening a library of 2-styrylbenzothiazoles based on the selective fluorescent probe RB1, this study aimed at developing a selective αSYN PET tracer. [3H]PiB competition binding assays identified PFSB (Ki = 25.4 ± 2.3 nM) and its less lipophilic analogue MFSB, which exhibited enhanced affinity to αSYN (Ki = 10.3 ± 4.7 nM) and preserved selectivity over Aβ. The two lead compounds were labeled with fluorine-18 and evaluated using in vitro autoradiography on human brain slices, where they demonstrated up to 4-fold increased specific binding in MSA cases compared to the corresponding control, reasonably reflecting selective binding to αSYN pathology. In vivo PET imaging showed [18F]MFSB successfully crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and is taken up in the brain (SUV = 1.79 ± 0.02). Although its pharmacokinetic profile raises the need for additional structural optimization, [18F]MFSB represents a critical step forward in the development of a successful αSYN PET tracer by overcoming the major challenge of αSYN/Aβ selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Di Nanni
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ran Sing Saw
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Umberto M. Battisti
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicinal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gregory D. Bowden
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally
Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard
Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Adam Boeckermann
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Bernd J. Pichler
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally
Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard
Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kristina Herfert
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias M. Herth
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medicinal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 160, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Werner
Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally
Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard
Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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13
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Xiang J, Tao Y, Xia Y, Luo S, Zhao Q, Li B, Zhang X, Sun Y, Xia W, Zhang M, Kang SS, Ahn EH, Liu X, Xie F, Guan Y, Yang JJ, Bu L, Wu S, Wang X, Cao X, Liu C, Zhang Z, Li D, Ye K. Development of an α-synuclein positron emission tomography tracer for imaging synucleinopathies. Cell 2023; 186:3350-3367.e19. [PMID: 37421950 PMCID: PMC10527432 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates in the brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of synucleinopathies requires radiopharmaceuticals that selectively bind α-Syn deposits. We report the identification of a brain permeable and rapid washout PET tracer [18F]-F0502B, which shows high binding affinity for α-Syn, but not for Aβ or Tau fibrils, and preferential binding to α-Syn aggregates in the brain sections. Employing several cycles of counter screenings with in vitro fibrils, intraneuronal aggregates, and neurodegenerative disease brain sections from several mice models and human subjects, [18F]-F0502B images α-Syn deposits in the brains of mouse and non-human primate PD models. We further determined the atomic structure of the α-Syn fibril-F0502B complex by cryo-EM and revealed parallel diagonal stacking of F0502B on the fibril surface through an intense noncovalent bonding network via inter-ligand interactions. Therefore, [18F]-F0502B is a promising lead compound for imaging aggregated α-Syn in synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Youqi Tao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yiyuan Xia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, JiangHan University, #8, Sanjiaohu Rd., Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Shilin Luo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pharmacy, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinyue Zhao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bowei Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yunpeng Sun
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wencheng Xia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Seong Su Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Eun-Hee Ahn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jenny J Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Lihong Bu
- PET-CT/MRI Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
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14
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Janssen B, Tian G, Lengyel-Zhand Z, Hsieh CJ, Lougee MG, Riad A, Xu K, Hou C, Weng CC, Lopresti BJ, Kim HJ, Pagar VV, Ferrie JJ, Garcia BA, Mathis CA, Luk K, Petersson EJ, Mach RH. Identification of a Putative α-synuclein Radioligand Using an in silico Similarity Search. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:704-719. [PMID: 36991273 PMCID: PMC10527666 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies from our lab utilized an ultra-high throughput screening method to identify compound 1 as a small molecule that binds to alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein) fibrils. The goal of the current study was to conduct a similarity search of 1 to identify structural analogs having improved in vitro binding properties for this target that could be labeled with radionuclides for both in vitro and in vivo studies for measuring α-synuclein aggregates. METHODS Using 1 as a lead compound in a similarity search, isoxazole derivative 15 was identified to bind to α-synuclein fibrils with high affinity in competition binding assays. A photocrosslinkable version was used to confirm binding site preference. Derivative 21, the iodo-analog of 15, was synthesized, and subsequently radiolabeled isotopologs [125I]21 and [11C]21 were successfully synthesized for use in in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively. [125I]21 was used in radioligand binding studies in post-mortem Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain homogenates. In vivo imaging of an α-synuclein mouse model and non-human primates was performed with [11C]21. RESULTS In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies for a panel of compounds identified through a similarity search, were shown to correlate with Ki values obtained from in vitro binding studies. Improved affinity of isoxazole derivative 15 for α-synuclein binding site 9 was indicated by photocrosslinking studies with CLX10. Design and successful (radio)synthesis of iodo-analog 21 of isoxazole derivative 15 enabled further in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Kd values obtained in vitro with [125I]21 for α-synuclein and Aβ42 fibrils were 0.48 ± 0.08 nM and 2.47 ± 1.30 nM, respectively. [125I]21 showed higher binding in human postmortem PD brain tissue compared with AD tissue, and low binding in control brain tissue. Lastly, in vivo preclinical PET imaging showed elevated retention of [11C]21 in PFF-injected mouse brain. However, in PBS-injected control mouse brain, slow washout of the tracer indicates high non-specific binding. [11C]21 showed high initial brain uptake in a healthy non-human primate, followed by fast washout that may be caused by rapid metabolic rate (21% intact [11C]21 in blood at 5 min p.i.). CONCLUSION Through a relatively simple ligand-based similarity search, we identified a new radioligand that binds with high affinity (<10 nM) to α-synuclein fibrils and PD tissue. Although the radioligand has suboptimal selectivity for α-synuclein towards Aβ and high non-specific binding, we show here that a simple in silico approach is a promising strategy to identify novel ligands for target proteins in the CNS with the potential to be radiolabeled for PET neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bieneke Janssen
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Guilong Tian
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zsofia Lengyel-Zhand
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chia-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Marshall G Lougee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Aladdin Riad
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kuiying Xu
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Catherine Hou
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chi-Chang Weng
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Brian J Lopresti
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Hee Jong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Vinayak V Pagar
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John J Ferrie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Benjamin A Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chester A Mathis
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Kelvin Luk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - E James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert H Mach
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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15
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Novikova D, Grigoreva T, Gurzhiy V, Tribulovich V. Is It Possible to Obtain a Product of the Desired Configuration from a Single Knoevenagel Condensation? Isomerization vs. Stereodefined Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11339. [PMID: 37511099 PMCID: PMC10379276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological activity of compounds directly depends on the three-dimensional arrangement of affinity fragments since a high degree of pharmacophore compliance with the binding site is required. 3-Benzylidene oxindoles are privileged structures due to their wide spectrum of biological activity, synthetic availability, and ease of modification. In particular, both kinase inhibitors and kinase activators can be found among 3-benzylidene oxindoles. In this work, we studied model compounds obtained via oxindole condensation with aldehydes and alkylphenones. These condensation products can exist in the form of E- and Z-isomers and also undergo isomerization in solutions. The factors causing isomeric transformation of these compounds were established. Comparative kinetic studies to obtain quantitative characteristics of UV-driven isomerization were first performed. The results obtained indicate dramatic differences in two subclasses, which should be considered when developing biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Novikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), St. Petersburg 190013, Russia
| | - Tatyana Grigoreva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), St. Petersburg 190013, Russia
| | - Vladislav Gurzhiy
- Crystallography Department, Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Tribulovich
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University), St. Petersburg 190013, Russia
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16
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Wang R, Pang SC, Li JY, Li CL, Liu JM, Wang YM, Chen ML, Li YB. A review of the current research on in vivo and in vitro detection for alpha-synuclein: a biomarker of Parkinson's disease. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1589-1605. [PMID: 36688984 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04520-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a health-threatening neurodegenerative disease of the elderly with clinical manifestations of motor and non-motor deficits such as tremor palsy and loss of smell. Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is the pathological basis of PD, it can abnormally aggregate into insoluble forms such as oligomers, fibrils, and plaques, causing degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the patient's brain and the formation of Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neuritis (LN) inclusions. As a result, achieving α-Syn aggregate detection in the early stages of PD can effectively stop or delay the progression of the disease. In this paper, we provide a brief overview and analysis of the molecular structures and α-Syn in vivo and in vitro detection methods, such as mass spectrometry, antigen-antibody recognition, electrochemical sensors, and imaging techniques, intending to provide more technological support for detecting α-Syn early in the disease and intervening in the progression of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China.,College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shu-Chao Pang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Jing-Ya Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chan-Lian Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jun-Miao Liu
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Mei-Ling Chen
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Yu-Bo Li
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
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17
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Bearoff F, Dhavale D, Kotzbauer P, Kortagere S. Aggregated alpha-synuclein transcriptionally activates pro-inflammatory canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways in peripheral monocytic cells. Mol Immunol 2023; 154:1-10. [PMID: 36571978 PMCID: PMC9905308 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic neuroinflammation, loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and in several cases accumulation of alpha-synuclein fibril (α-syn) containing Lewy-bodies (LBs). Peripheral inflammation may play a causal role in inducing and perpetuating neuroinflammation in PD and accumulation of fibrillar α-syn has been reported at several peripheral sites including the gut and liver. Peripheral fibrillar α-syn may induce activation of monocytes via recognition by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and stimulation of downstream NF-κB signaling; however, the specific mechanism by which this occurs is not defined. In this study we utilized the THP-1 monocytic cell line to model the peripheral transcriptional response to preformed fibrillar (PFF) α-syn. Compared to monomeric α-syn, PFF α-syn displays overt inflammatory gene upregulation and pathway activation including broad pan-TLR signaling pathway activation and increases in TNF and IL1B gene expression. Notably, the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway gene and PD genome wide association study (GWAS) candidate NFKB2 was upregulated. Additionally, non-canonical NF-κB activation-associated RANK and CD40 pathways were also upregulated. Transcriptional-phenotype analysis suggests PFFs induce transcriptional programs associated with differentiation of monocytes towards macrophages and osteoclasts via non-canonical NF-κB signaling as a potential mechanism in which myeloid/monocyte cells may contribute to peripheral inflammation and pathogenesis in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Bearoff
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, United States
| | - Dhruva Dhavale
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Paul Kotzbauer
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Sandhya Kortagere
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, United States.
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18
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Hansen N, Bouter C, Müller SJ, van Riesen C, Khadhraoui E, Ernst M, Riedel CH, Wiltfang J, Lange C. New Insights into Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Occurring in the Prodromal Stage of Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020242. [PMID: 36831785 PMCID: PMC9953759 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) can emerge with the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Standard biomarkers can help identify such patients to improve therapy and treatment strategies. Our review aims to describe the latest evidence on promising biomarkers in prodromal DLB with MCI onset (MCI-LB). METHODS We selected articles on different biomarkers in MCI-LB from PubMed and conducted a narrative review. RESULTS We identified potentially promising clinical biomarkers, e.g., (1) assessing autonomic symptoms specifically, (2) describing the cognitive profile in several subdomains including executive and visual functions, and (3) measuring the speed of speech. In addition, we describe the measurement of seeding amplification assays of alpha-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid as a relevant biomarker for MCI-LB. Electroencephalographic markers, as in calculating the theta/beta ratio or intermittent delta activity, or analyzing peak frequency in electroencephalography-methods also potentially useful once they have been validated in large patient cohorts. The 18F fluorodesoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) technique is also discussed to investigate metabolic signatures, as well as a specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique such as for the volumetric region of interest analysis. CONCLUSIONS These biomarker results suggest that MCI-LB is a promising field for the use of biomarkers other than established ones to diagnose early prodromal DLB. Further large-scale studies are needed to better evaluate and subsequently use these promising biomarkers in prodromal DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Caroline Bouter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Johannes Müller
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph van Riesen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eya Khadhraoui
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marielle Ernst
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Heiner Riedel
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Lange
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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19
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Loftus JR, Puri S, Meyers SP. Multimodality imaging of neurodegenerative disorders with a focus on multiparametric magnetic resonance and molecular imaging. Insights Imaging 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 36645560 PMCID: PMC9842851 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases afflict a large number of persons worldwide, with the prevalence and incidence of dementia rapidly increasing. Despite their prevalence, clinical diagnosis of dementia syndromes remains imperfect with limited specificity. Conventional structural-based imaging techniques also lack the accuracy necessary for confident diagnosis. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and molecular imaging provide the promise of improving specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease as well as therapeutic monitoring of monoclonal antibody therapy. This educational review will briefly focus on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and pathologic findings of common and uncommon neurodegenerative diseases. Imaging features of each disease spanning from conventional magnetic resonance sequences to advanced multiparametric methods such as resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and arterial spin labeling imaging will be described in detail. Additionally, the review will explore the findings of each diagnosis on molecular imaging including single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography with a variety of clinically used and experimental radiotracers. The literature and clinical cases provided demonstrate the power of advanced magnetic resonance imaging and molecular techniques in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and areas of future and ongoing research. With the advent of combined positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging scanners, hybrid protocols utilizing both techniques are an attractive option for improving the evaluation of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ryan Loftus
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Savita Puri
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Steven P. Meyers
- grid.412750.50000 0004 1936 9166Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
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20
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Princiotto S, Musso L, Manetti F, Marcellini V, Maga G, Crespan E, Perini C, Zaffaroni N, Beretta GL, Dallavalle S. Synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 3-(hetero) arylideneindolin-2-ones as potential c-Src inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2382-2394. [PMID: 36050846 PMCID: PMC9448371 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2117317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of c-Src is considered one of the most studied approaches to cancer treatment, with several heterocyclic compounds approved during the last 15 years as chemotherapeutic agents. Starting from the biological evaluation of an in-house collection of small molecules, indolinone was selected as the most promising scaffold. In this work, several functionalised indolinones were synthesised and their inhibitory potency and cytotoxic activity were assayed. The pharmacological profile of the most active compounds, supported by molecular modelling studies, revealed that the presence of an amino group increased the affinity towards the ATP-binding site of c-Src. At the same time, bulkier derivatizations seemed to improve the interactions within the enzymatic pocket. Overall, these data represent an early stage towards the optimisation of new, easy-to-be functionalised indolinones as potential c-Src inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Princiotto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Loana Musso
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Valentina Marcellini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maga
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM, CNR "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Pavia, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Crespan
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM, CNR "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Pavia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Perini
- Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM, CNR "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Pavia, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Beretta
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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21
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Kallinen A, Kassiou M. Tracer development for PET imaging of proteinopathies. Nucl Med Biol 2022; 114-115:108-120. [PMID: 35487833 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review outlines small molecule radiotracers developed for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of proteinopathies, neurodegenerative diseases characterised by accumulation of malformed proteins, over the last two decades with the focus on radioligands that have progressed to clinical studies. Introduction provides a short summary of proteinopathy targets used for PET imaging, including vastly studied proteins Aβ and tau and emerging α-synuclein. In the main section, clinically relevant Aβ and tau radioligand classes and their properties are discussed, including an overview of lead compounds and radioligand candidates studied as α-synuclein imaging agents in the early discovery and preclinical development phase. Lastly, the specific challenges and future directions in proteinopathy radioligand development are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annukka Kallinen
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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22
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Zeng Q, Chen Y, Yan Y, Wan R, Li Y, Fu H, Liu Y, Liu S, Yan XX, Cui M. D-π-A-Based Trisubstituted Alkenes as Environmentally Sensitive Fluorescent Probes to Detect Lewy Pathologies. Anal Chem 2022; 94:15261-15269. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Yimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Yingying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Yanjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Hualong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian116023, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Beijing Seven Dimension Neuroscience Research Center, Beijing Seven Dimension Biotechnology Inc., Beijing101500, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan410013, China
| | - Mengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing100875, China
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai519087, China
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23
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Kaide S, Watanabe H, Iikuni S, Hasegawa M, Ono M. Synthesis and Evaluation of 18F-Labeled Chalcone Analogue for Detection of α-Synuclein Aggregates in the Brain Using the Mouse Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:2982-2990. [PMID: 36197745 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brains of patients with synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy, α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates deposit abnormally to induce neurodegeneration, although the mechanism is unclear. Thus, in vivo imaging studies targeting α-syn aggregates have attracted much attention to guide medical intervention against synucleinopathy. In our previous study, a chalcone analogue, [125I]PHNP-3, functioned as a feasible probe in terms of α-syn binding in vitro; however, it did not migrate to the mouse brain, and further improvement of brain uptake was required. In the present study, we designed and synthesized two novel 18F-labeled chalcone analogues, [18F]FHCL-1 and [18F]FHCL-2, using a central nervous system multiparameter optimization (CNS MPO) algorithm with the aim of improving blood-brain barrier permeation in the mouse brain. Then, we evaluated their utility for in vivo imaging of α-syn aggregates using a mouse model. In the competitive inhibition assay, both chalcone analogues exhibited high binding affinity for α-syn aggregates (Ki = 2.6 and 3.4 nM, respectively), while no marked amyloid β (Aβ)-binding was observed. The 18F-labeling reaction was successfully performed. In a biodistribution experiment, brain uptake of both chalcone analogues in normal mice (2.09 and 2.40% injected dose/gram (% ID/g) at 2 min postinjection, respectively) was higher than that of [125I]PHNP-3, suggesting that the introduction of 18F into the chalcone analogue led to an improvement in brain uptake in mice while maintaining favorable binding ability for α-syn aggregates. Furthermore, in an ex vivo autoradiography experiment, [18F]FHCL-2 showed the feasibility of the detection of α-syn aggregates in the mouse brain in vivo. These preclinical studies demonstrated the validity of the design of α-syn-targeting probes based on the CNS MPO score and the possibility of in vivo imaging of α-syn aggregates in a mouse model using 18F-labeled chalcone analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kaide
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shimpei Iikuni
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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24
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Koo J, Kim M, Shin KJ, Seo JH. Non-Palladium-Catalyzed Approach to the Synthesis of ( E)-3-(1,3-Diarylallylidene)Oxindoles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165304. [PMID: 36014539 PMCID: PMC9415770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two novel synthetic approaches for synthesizing (E)-3-(1,3-diarylallylidene)oxindoles from oxindole were developed. All previously reported methods for synthesizing 3-(1,3-diarylallylidene)oxindoles utilized palladium-catalyzed reactions as a key step to form this unique skeleton. Despite high efficiency, palladium-catalyzed reactions have limitations in terms of substrate scope. Especially, an iodoaryl moiety cannot be introduced by the previous methods due to its high reactivity toward the palladium catalyst. Our Knoevenagel/allylic oxidation/Wittig and Knoevenagel/aldol/dehydration strategies complement each other and show broad substrate scope, including substrates with iodoaryl groups. The current methods utilized acetophenones, benzylidene phosphonium ylides, and benzaldehydes that are commercially available or easily accessible. Thus, the current synthetic approaches to (E)-3-(1,3-diarylallyldiene)oxindoles are readily amendable for variety of oxindole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jae Hong Seo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2164-6531; Fax: +82-2-2164-4059
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25
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Nwabufo CK, Aigbogun OP. Diagnostic and therapeutic agents that target alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 2022; 269:5762-5786. [PMID: 35831620 PMCID: PMC9281355 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of disease-modifying drugs and differential diagnostic agents is an urgent medical need in Parkinson’s disease. Despite the complex pathophysiological pathway, the misfolding of alpha-synuclein has been identified as a putative biomarker for detecting the onset and progression of the neurodegeneration associated with Parkinson’s disease. Identifying the most appropriate alpha-synuclein-based diagnostic modality with clinical translation will revolutionize the diagnosis of Parkinson’s. Likewise, molecules that target alpha-synuclein could alter the disease pathway that leads to Parkinson’s and may serve as first-in class therapeutics compared to existing treatment options such as levodopa and dopamine agonist that do not necessarily modify the disease pathway. Notwithstanding the promising benefits that alpha-synuclein presents to therapeutics and diagnostics development for Parkinson’s disease, finding ways to address potential challenges such as inadequate preclinical models, safety and efficacy will be paramount to achieving clinical translation. In this comprehensive review paper, we described the role of alpha-synuclein in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease, as well as how its structure and function relationship delineate disease onset and progression. We further discussed different alpha-synuclein-based diagnostic modalities including biomolecular assays and molecular imaging. Finally, we presented current small molecules and biologics that are being developed as disease-modifying drugs or positron emission tomography imaging probes for Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwunonso K Nwabufo
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada.
| | - Omozojie P Aigbogun
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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26
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Akasaka T, Watanabe H, Kaide S, Iikuni S, Hasegawa M, Ono M. Synthesis and evaluation of novel radioiodinated phenylbenzofuranone derivatives as α-synuclein imaging probes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 64:128679. [PMID: 35301138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-syn) aggregates are major components of pathological hallmarks observed in the human brain affected by neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. It is known that α-syn aggregates are involved in the pathogenesis of these neurodegenerative diseases. However, detailed mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the development of radiolabeled imaging probes to detect α-syn aggregates in vivo may contribute to early diagnosis and pathophysiological elucidation of neurodegenerative diseases affected by α-syn aggregates. In the present study, we designed and synthesized four radioiodinated phenylbenzofuranone (PBF) derivatives: [123/125I]IDPBF-2, [123/125I]INPBF-2, [123/125I]IDPBF-3, and [123/125I]INPBF-3, as candidates for α-syn imaging probes. All four compounds exhibited high binding affinity for recombinant α-syn aggregates in an inhibition assay. However, brain uptake of all four compounds was insufficient to achieve α-syn imaging in vivo. Considering the results of this study, while further structural modifications are required to improve brain uptake, it is suggested that PBF derivatives show fundamental characteristics as α-syn imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Akasaka
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Sho Kaide
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shimpei Iikuni
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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27
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Uzuegbunam BC, Li J, Paslawski W, Weber W, Svenningsson P, Ågren H, Yousefi BH. Toward Novel [18F]Fluorine-Labeled Radiotracers for the Imaging of α-Synuclein Fibrils. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:830704. [PMID: 35572127 PMCID: PMC9099256 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.830704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates (α-syn) in the human brain is an occurrence common to all α-synucleinopathies. Non-invasive detection of these aggregates in a living brain with a target-specific radiotracer is not yet possible. We have recently discovered that the inclusion of a methylenedioxy group in the structure of diarylbisthiazole (DABTA)-based tracers improves binding affinity and selectivity to α-syn. Subsequently, complementary in silico modeling and machine learning (ML) of tracer–protein interactions were employed to predict surface sites and structure–property relations for the binding of the ligands. Based on this observation, we developed a small focused library of DABTAs from which 4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4′-(3-[18F]fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,2′-bithiazole [18F]d2, 6-(4′-(3-[18F]fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-[2,2′-bithiazol]-4-yl)-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-b]pyridine [18F]d4, 4-(benzo [d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4′-(6-[18F]fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2,2′-bithiazole [18F]d6, and 6-(4′-(6-[18F]fluoropyridin-3-yl)-[2,2′-bithiazol]-4-yl)-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-b]pyridine [18F]d8 were selected based on their high binding affinity to α-syn and were further evaluated. Binding assay experiments carried out with the non-radioactive versions of the above tracers d2, d4, d6, and d8 showed high binding affinity of the ligands to α-syn: 1.22, 0.66, 1.21, and 0.10 nM, respectively, as well as excellent selectivity over β-amyloid plaques (Aβ) and microtubular tau aggregates (>200-fold selectivity). To obtain the tracers, their precursors were radiolabeled either via an innovative ruthenium-mediated (SNAr) reaction ([18F]d2 and [18F]d4) or typical SNAr reaction ([18F]d6 and [18F]d8) with moderate-to-high radiochemical yields (13% – 40%), and high molar activity > 60 GBq/μmol. Biodistribution experiments carried out with the tracers in healthy mice revealed that [18F]d2 and [18F]d4 showed suboptimal brain pharmacokinetics: 1.58 and 4.63 %ID/g at 5 min post-injection (p.i.), and 1.93 and 3.86 %ID/g at 60 min p.i., respectively. However, [18F]d6 and [18F]d8 showed improved brain pharmacokinetics: 5.79 and 5.13 %ID/g at 5 min p.i.; 1.75 and 1.07 %ID/g at 60 min p.i.; and 1.04 and 0.58 %ID/g at 120 min p.i., respectively. The brain uptake kinetics of [18F]d6 and [18F]d8 were confirmed in a dynamic PET study. Both tracers also showed no brain radiometabolites at 20 min p.i. in initial in vivo stability experiments carried out in healthy mice. [18F]d8 seems very promising based on its binding properties and in vivo stability, thus encouraging further validation of its usefulness as a radiotracer for the in vivo visualization of α-syn in preclinical and clinical settings. Additionally, in silico and ML-predicted values correlated with the experimental binding affinity of the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junhao Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wojciech Paslawski
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Behrooz Hooshyar Yousefi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Behrooz Hooshyar Yousefi,
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28
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Ali TFS, Ciftci HI, Radwan MO, Roshdy E, Shawky AM, Abourehab MAS, Tateishi H, Otsuka M, Fujita M. Discovery of Azaindolin-2-One as a Dual Inhibitor of GSK3β and Tau Aggregation with Potential Neuroprotective Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040426. [PMID: 35455423 PMCID: PMC9029746 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity through pharmacological intervention represents a promising approach for treating challenging neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. Similarly, abnormal tau aggregate accumulation in neurons is a hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases. We introduced new dual GSK3β/tau aggregation inhibitors due to the excellent clinical outcome of multitarget drugs. Compound (E)-2f stands out among the synthesized inhibitors as a promising GSK3β inhibitor (IC50 1.7 µM) with a pronounced tau anti-aggregation effect in a cell-based model of tauopathy. Concurrently, (E)-2f was demonstrated to be non-toxic to normal cells, making it a promising neuroprotective lead compound that needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha F. S. Ali
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.S.A.); (M.F.); Tel.: +20-10-6983-5295 (T.F.S.A.); +81-96-371-4622 (M.F.)
| | - Halil I. Ciftci
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm, Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mohamed O. Radwan
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- National Research Centre, Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Eslam Roshdy
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Central Laboratory for Micro-Analysis, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hiroshi Tateishi
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm, Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; (H.I.C.); (M.O.R.); (H.T.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.S.A.); (M.F.); Tel.: +20-10-6983-5295 (T.F.S.A.); +81-96-371-4622 (M.F.)
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Alzghool OM, van Dongen G, van de Giessen E, Schoonmade L, Beaino W. α-Synuclein Radiotracer Development and In Vivo Imaging: Recent Advancements and New Perspectives. Mov Disord 2022; 37:936-948. [PMID: 35289424 PMCID: PMC9310945 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synucleinopathies including idiopathic Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple systems atrophy share overlapping symptoms and pathological hallmarks. Selective neurodegeneration and Lewy pathology are the main hallmarks of α-synucleinopathies. Currently, there is no imaging biomarker suitable for a definitive early diagnosis of α-synucleinopathies. Although dopaminergic deficits detected with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers can support clinical diagnosis by confirming the presence of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, dopaminergic imaging cannot visualize the preceding disease process, nor distinguish α-synucleinopathies from tauopathies with dopaminergic neurodegeneration, especially at early symptomatic disease stage when clinical presentation is often overlapping. Aggregated α-synuclein (αSyn) could be a suitable imaging biomarker in α-synucleinopathies, because αSyn aggregation and therefore, Lewy pathology is evidently an early driver of α-synucleinopathies pathogenesis. Additionally, several antibodies and small molecule compounds targeting aggregated αSyn are in development for therapy. However, there is no way to directly measure if or how much they lower the levels of aggregated αSyn in the brain. There is clearly a paramount diagnostic and therapeutic unmet medical need. To date, aggregated αSyn and Lewy pathology inclusion bodies cannot be assessed ante-mortem with SPECT or PET imaging because of the suboptimal binding characteristics and/or physicochemical properties of current radiotracers. The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the suitability of aggregated αSyn as an imaging biomarker in α-synucleinopathies, the current limitations with and lessons learned from αSyn radiotracer development, and finally to propose antibody-based ligands for imaging αSyn aggregates as a complementary tool rather than an alternative to small molecule ligands. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obada M Alzghool
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tracer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Guus van Dongen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tracer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elsmarieke van de Giessen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tracer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Schoonmade
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wissam Beaino
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tracer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Zeng Q, Cui M. Current Progress in the Development of Probes for Targeting α-Synuclein Aggregates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:552-571. [PMID: 35167269 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein aggregates abnormally into intracellular inclusions in Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and many other neurological disorders, closely connecting with their pathogenesis. The accurate tracking of α-synuclein by targeting probes is of great significance for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and drug development. However, there have been no promising α-synuclein targeting probes for clinical application reported so far. This overview focuses on various potential α-synuclein targeting probes reported in the past two decades, including small-molecule fluorescent probes and radiolabeled probes. We provide the current status of the development of the small molecular α-synuclein imaging probes, including properties of promising imaging molecules, strategies of processing new probes, limited progress, and growth prospects in this field, expecting to help in the further development of α-synuclein targeting probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mengchao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519087, China
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31
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Sun X, Admane P, Starosolski ZA, Eriksen JL, Annapragada AV, Tanifum EA. 1-Indanone and 1,3-indandione Derivatives as Ligands for Misfolded α-Synuclein Aggregates. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100611. [PMID: 34704363 PMCID: PMC8770581 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of imaging agents for in vivo detection of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) pathologies faces several challenges. A major gap in the field is the lack of diverse molecular scaffolds with high affinity and selectivity to α-syn fibrils for in vitro screening assays. Better in vitro scaffolds can instruct the discovery of better in vivo agents. We report the rational design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of a series of novel 1-indanone and 1,3-indandione derivatives from a Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) study centered on some existing α-syn fibril binding ligands. Our results from fibril saturation binding experiments show that two of the lead candidates compounds 8 and 32 bind α-syn fibrils with binding constants (Kd ) of 9.0 and 18.8 nM, respectively, and selectivity of greater than 10× for α-syn fibrils compared with amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau fibrils. Our results demonstrate that the lead ligands avidly label all forms of α-syn on PD brain tissue sections, but only the dense core of senile plaques in AD brain tissue, respectively. These results are corroborated by ligand-antibody colocalization data from Syn211, which shows immunoreactivity toward all forms of α-syn aggregates, and Syn303, which displays preferential reactivity toward mature Lewy pathology. Our results reveal that 1-indanone derivatives have desirable properties for the biological evaluation of α-synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Sun
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Prasad Admane
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 (USA)
| | - Zbigniew A. Starosolski
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 (USA),Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030 (USA)
| | - Jason L. Eriksen
- College of Pharmacy, Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204 (USA)
| | - Ananth V. Annapragada
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 (USA),Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030 (USA)
| | - Eric A. Tanifum
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030 (USA),Edward B. Singleton Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030 (USA),Corresponding Author,
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32
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Kaide S, Watanabe H, Iikuni S, Hasegawa M, Itoh K, Ono M. Chalcone Analogue as New Candidate for Selective Detection of α-Synuclein Pathology. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:16-26. [PMID: 34910473 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deposition of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates is one of the neuropathological hallmarks of synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple-system atrophy. In vivo detection of α-syn aggregates with SPECT or PET may be an effective tool for medical intervention against synucleinopathy. In the present study, we designed and synthesized a series of chalcone analogues with different aryl groups to evaluate their potential as α-syn imaging probes. In competitive inhibition assays, aryl groups markedly affected binding affinity and selectivity for recombinant α-syn aggregates. Chalcone analogues with a 4-(dimethylamino)phenyl group bound to both α-syn and amyloid β (Aβ) aggregates while ones with a 4-nitrophenyl group displayed α-syn-selective binding. In fluorescent staining, only chalcone analogues with a 4-nitrophenyl group succeeded in selective detection of human α-syn against Aβ aggregates in patients' brain samples. Among them, PHNP-3 exhibited the most promising binding characteristics for α-syn aggregates (Ki = 0.52 nM), encouraging us to further evaluate its utility. Then, a 125I-labeling reaction was performed to obtain [125I]PHNP-3. In a binding saturation assay, [125I]PHNP-3 bound to α-syn aggregates with high affinity (Kd = 6.9 nM) and selectivity. In a biodistribution study, [125I]PHNP-3 exhibited modest uptake (0.78% ID/g at 2 min after intravenous injection) into a normal mouse brain. Although there is room for improvement of its pharmacokinetics in the brain, encouraging in vitro results in the present study indicate that further structural optimization based on PHNP-3 might lead to the development of a clinically useful probe targeting α-syn aggregates in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kaide
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shimpei Iikuni
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology & Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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33
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Ni R, Nitsch RM. Recent Developments in Positron Emission Tomography Tracers for Proteinopathies Imaging in Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:751897. [PMID: 35046791 PMCID: PMC8761855 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.751897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An early detection and intervention for dementia represent tremendous unmet clinical needs and priorities in society. A shared feature of neurodegenerative diseases causing dementia is the abnormal accumulation and spreading of pathological protein aggregates, which affect the selective vulnerable circuit in a disease-specific pattern. The advancement in positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers has accelerated the understanding of the disease mechanism and development of therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The clinical utility of amyloid-β PET and the clinical validity of tau PET as diagnostic biomarker for Alzheimer's disease continuum have been demonstrated. The inclusion of biomarkers in the diagnostic criteria has introduced a paradigm shift that facilitated the early and differential disease diagnosis and impacted on the clinical management. Application of disease-modifying therapy likely requires screening of patients with molecular evidence of pathological accumulation and monitoring of treatment effect assisted with biomarkers. There is currently still a gap in specific 4-repeat tau imaging probes for 4-repeat tauopathies and α-synuclein imaging probes for Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy body. In this review, we focused on recent development in molecular imaging biomarkers for assisting the early diagnosis of proteinopathies (i.e., amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein) in dementia and discussed future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH & University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger M. Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Bian J, Liu YQ, He J, Lin X, Qiu CY, Yu WB, Shen Y, Zhu ZY, Ye DY, Wang J, Chu Y. Discovery of styrylaniline derivatives as novel alpha-synuclein aggregates ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113887. [PMID: 34624824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Early diagnosis is the key to treatment but is still a great challenge in the clinic now. The discovery of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates ligands has become an attractive strategy to meet the early diagnosis of PD. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of styrylaniline derivatives as novel α-syn aggregates ligands. Several compounds displayed good potency to α-syn aggregates with Kd values less than 0.1 μM. The docking study revealed that the hydrogen bonds and cation-pi interaction between ligands and α-syn aggregates would be crucial for the activity. The representative compound 7-16 not only detected α-syn aggregates in both SH-SY5Y cells and brain tissues prepared from two kinds of α-syn preformed-fibrils-injected mice models but also showed good blood-brain barrier penetration characteristics in vivo with a brain/plasma ratio over 1.0, which demonstrates its potential as a lead compound for further development of in vivo imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qi Liu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chen-Yang Qiu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wen-Bo Yu
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ze-Yun Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - De-Yong Ye
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology and National Research Center for Aging and Medicine & National Center for Neurological Disorders, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Yong Chu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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35
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Klochkov VG, Bezsonova EN, Dubar M, Melekhina DD, Temnov VV, Zaryanova EV, Lozinskaya NA, Babkov DA, Spasov AA. Towards multi-target antidiabetic agents: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 3,5-disubstituted indolin-2-one derivatives as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 55:128449. [PMID: 34780899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive disease that usually requires polypharmacological treatment approaches. Previously we have described a series of 2-oxindole derivatives as GSK3β inhibitors with in vivo antihyperglycemic activity. α-Glucosidase is another antidiabetic target that prevents postprandial hyperglycemia and corresponding hyperinsulinemic response. Herein we report a study of 3,5-disubstituted indolin-2-one derivatives as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors. These inhibitors were identified via efficient synthesis, in vitro screening, and biological evaluation. The most active compound 5f inhibits yeast α-glucosidase with IC50 of 6.78 µM and prevents postprandial hyperglycemia in rats after maltose and sucrose challenge at 5.0 mg/kg dose. Two lead glucosidase inhibitors, 5f and 5m, are also GSK3β inhibitors with submicromolar potency. Hence, structure-activity studies elucidate foundation for development of dual GSK3β/α-glucosidase inhibitors for treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladlen G Klochkov
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq. 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Elena N Bezsonova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory St., 1, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Meriam Dubar
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory St., 1, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Daria D Melekhina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory St., 1, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Victor V Temnov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory St., 1, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Zaryanova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory St., 1, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Natalia A Lozinskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie gory St., 1, Moscow 119234, Russia.
| | - Denis A Babkov
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq. 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia; Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Novorossiyskaya St. 39, Volgograd 400087, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Spasov
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq. 1, Volgograd 400131, Russia; Scientific Center for Innovative Drugs, Volgograd State Medical University, Novorossiyskaya St. 39, Volgograd 400087, Russia
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36
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Bidesi NSR, Vang Andersen I, Windhorst AD, Shalgunov V, Herth MM. The role of neuroimaging in Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2021; 159:660-689. [PMID: 34532856 PMCID: PMC9291628 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Two hallmarks of PD are the accumulation of alpha-synuclein and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. There is no cure for PD, and all existing treatments focus on alleviating the symptoms. PD diagnosis is also based on the symptoms, such as abnormalities of movement, mood, and cognition observed in the patients. Molecular imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) can detect objective alterations in the neurochemical machinery of the brain and help diagnose and study neurodegenerative diseases. This review addresses the application of functional MRI, PET, and SPECT in PD patients. We provide an overview of the imaging targets, discuss the rationale behind target selection, the agents (tracers) with which the imaging can be performed, and the main findings regarding each target's state in PD. Molecular imaging has proven itself effective in supporting clinical diagnosis of PD and has helped reveal that PD is a heterogeneous disorder, which has important implications for the development of future therapies. However, the application of molecular imaging for early diagnosis of PD or for differentiation between PD and atypical parkinsonisms has remained challenging. The final section of the review is dedicated to new imaging targets with which one can detect the PD-related pathological changes upstream from dopaminergic degeneration. The foremost of those targets is alpha-synuclein. We discuss the progress of tracer development achieved so far and challenges on the path toward alpha-synuclein imaging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha S R Bidesi
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Vang Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Albert D Windhorst
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vladimir Shalgunov
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias M Herth
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alpha-Synuclein PET Tracer Development-An Overview about Current Efforts. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090847. [PMID: 34577548 PMCID: PMC8466155 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) are manifested by inclusion bodies of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) also called α-synucleinopathies. Detection of these inclusions is thus far only possible by histological examination of postmortem brain tissue. The possibility of non-invasively detecting α-syn will therefore provide valuable insights into the disease progression of α-synucleinopathies. In particular, α-syn imaging can quantify changes in monomeric, oligomeric, and fibrillic α-syn over time and improve early diagnosis of various α-synucleinopathies or monitor treatment progress. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive in vivo imaging technique that can quantify target expression and drug occupancies when a suitable tracer exists. As such, novel α-syn PET tracers are highly sought after. The development of an α-syn PET tracer faces several challenges. For example, the low abundance of α-syn within the brain necessitates the development of a high-affinity ligand. Moreover, α-syn depositions are, in contrast to amyloid proteins, predominantly localized intracellularly, limiting their accessibility. Furthermore, another challenge is the ligand selectivity over structurally similar amyloids such as amyloid-beta or tau, which are often co-localized with α-syn pathology. The lack of a defined crystal structure of α-syn has also hindered rational drug and tracer design efforts. Our objective for this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of current efforts in the development of selective α-syn PET tracers.
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38
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Pharmacophore modeling and 3D-QSAR study for the design of novel α-synuclein aggregation inhibitors. J Mol Model 2021; 27:260. [PMID: 34432157 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04881-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn), as a highly soluble presynaptic protein expressed in the brain, plays an important role in recycling synaptic vesicles and regulating the synthesis, storage, and release of neurotransmitters. Accumulation of α-syn in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), so inhibition of α-syn aggregation may provide a novel approach for treating PD. In this study, the 3D structure of α-syn was downloaded from Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 2N0A). A ligand-based pharmacophore model was conducted on a set of 43 diverse α-syn ligands, and the results suggested that two hydrogen-bond acceptors, one hydrophobic group, and two aromatic rings were significant to the inhibition of α-syn aggregation. A ligand-based 3D-QSAR model was also established with good statistical significance (R2 = 0.920) and excellent predictive ability (Q2 = 0.752). Novel indolinone derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the pharmacophore model. Subsequently, the 3D-QSAR model was used to predict the inhibitory activities towards α-syn aggregation, and the actual inhibitory activities were evaluated by thioflavin-T assay in vitro with the best inhibitory activity reaching 45.08%. The fitting results indicated that the built pharmacophore and 3D-QSAR models provided better reliability and accuracy for compound modification and prediction of the activity thereof. A ligand-based pharmacophore modeling and 3D-QSAR study have been performed on a set of 43 diverse ligands for α-synuclein for the first time. Based on the best pharmacophore modeling, novel indolinone derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the inhibitory activities for α-synuclein aggregation were evaluated by thioflavin-T assay in vitro, which preliminary indicated that five pharmacophore sites (two hydrogen bond acceptors (A), a hydrophobic group (H), and two aromatic rings (R)) in compounds contribute to the inhibitory activities. In the study, the built pharmacophore modeling and 3D-QSAR provided better reliability and accuracy for compound modification and prediction of the activity thereof.
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39
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Malbari K, Saha P, Chawla-Sarkar M, Dutta S, Rai S, Joshi M, Kanyalkar M. In quest of small-molecules as potent non-competitive inhibitors against influenza. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105139. [PMID: 34243071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of scaffolds namely aurones, 3-indolinones, 4-quinolones and cinnamic acid-piperazine hybrids, was designed, synthesized and investigated in vitro against influenza A/H1N1pdm09 virus. Designed molecules adopted different binding mode i.e., in 430-cavity of neuraminidase, unlike sialic acid and oseltamivir in molecular docking studies. All molecules reduced the viral titer and exhibited non-cytotoxicity along with cryo-protective property towards MDCK cells. Molecules (Z)-2-(3'-Chloro-benzylidene)-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-one (2f), (Z)-2-(4'-Chloro-benzylidene)-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-one (2g) and 2-(2'-Methoxy-phenyl)-1H-quinolin-4-one (3a) were the most interesting molecules identified in this research, endowed with robust potencies showing low-nanomolar EC50 values of 4.0 nM, 6.7 nM and 4.9 nM, respectively, compared to reference competitive and non-competitive inhibitors: oseltamivir (EC50 = 12.7 nM) and quercetin (EC50 = 0.56 µM), respectively. Besides, 2f, 2g and 3a exhibited good neuraminidase inhibitory activity in sub-micromolar range (IC50 = 0.52 µM, 3.5 µM, 1.3 µM respectively). Moreover, these molecules were determined as non-competitive inhibitors similar to reference non-competitive inhibitor quercetin unlike reference competitive inhibitor oseltamivir in kinetics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Malbari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prin K M Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe Parade, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases (ICMR-NICED), Beleghata, Kolkata 700010, India
| | - Swita Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prin K M Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe Parade, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Mamata Joshi
- National Facility for High Field NMR, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Meena Kanyalkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prin K M Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Cuffe Parade, Mumbai 400005, India.
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Nemati F, Bischoff-Kont I, Salehi P, Nejad-Ebrahimi S, Mohebbi M, Bararjanian M, Hadian N, Hassanpour Z, Jung Y, Schaerlaekens S, Lucena-Agell D, Oliva MA, Fürst R, Nasiri HR. Identification of novel anti-cancer agents by the synthesis and cellular screening of a noscapine-based library. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105135. [PMID: 34303039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Noscapine is a natural product first isolated from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) with anticancer properties. In this work, we report the synthesis and cellular screening of a noscapine-based library. A library of novel noscapine derivatives was synthesized with modifications in the isoquinoline and phthalide scaffolds. The so generated library, consisting of fifty-seven derivatives of the natural product noscapine, was tested against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in a cellular proliferation assay (with a Z' > 0.7). The screening resulted in the identification of two novel noscapine derivatives as inhibitors of MDA cell growth with IC50 values of 5 µM and 1.5 µM, respectively. Both hit molecules have a five-fold and seventeen-fold higher potency, compared with that of lead compound noscapine (IC50 26 µM). The identified active derivatives retain the tubulin-binding ability of noscapine. Further testing of both hit molecules, alongside the natural product against additional cancer cell lines (HepG2, HeLa and PC3 cells) confirmed our initial findings. Both molecules have improved anti-proliferative properties when compared to the initial natural product, noscapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Nemati
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Iris Bischoff-Kont
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Samad Nejad-Ebrahimi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mohebbi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bararjanian
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Hadian
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hassanpour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, 1983963113 Tehran, Iran
| | - Yvonne Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sofie Schaerlaekens
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lucena-Agell
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hamid R Nasiri
- Department of Cellular Microbiology, University Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Yang J, Zhang G, Wang Z, Meng J, Wen H. Metabolic Study of Stable Isotope Labeled Indolinone Derivative in Hepatocyte Cell by UPLC/Q TOF MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1538-1544. [PMID: 34028260 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation process of α-synuclein (α-syn) is substantial in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Indolinone derivatives are inhibitors of α-syn aggregates and can be used as PET-based radiotracers for imaging α-syn fibrils. However, no investigations on the metabolism of indolinone derivatives have been reported until now. In the present research, a 13C and 15N isotope labeling strategy was developed to synthesize compound [13C2,15N]-(Z)-1-(4-aminobenzyl)-3-((E)-(3-phenyl)allylidene)indolin-2-one (M0'), which was then used in a study of metabolism in hepatocytes. The metabolites were characterized using accurate mass and characteristic ion measurements. In the metabolic system, compound M0' was the main component (accounting for 97.5% of compound-related components) after incubation in hepatocytes for 3 h, which indicated that compound M0' possessed great metabolic stability. Seven metabolites have been successfully verified by UPLC/Q TOF MS in metabolic studies, including hydroxyl M0' (M1'), hydroxyl and methylated M0' (M2'), N-acetylated M0' (M3'), sulfate of hydroxyl M0' (M4'), the glucose conjugate of M0' (M5'), glucuronide conjugate of M0' (M6'), and glucuronide conjugate of hydroxyl M0' (M7'). The study on metabolism provides the important information to develop effective α-syn aggregate inhibitors and new PET-tracer-related indolinone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, P.R. China
| | - Gongzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, P.R. China
| | - Jian Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, PuDong District, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Fangshan District, Beijing 102488, P.R. China
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Combi R, Salsone M, Villa C, Ferini-Strambi L. Genetic Architecture and Molecular, Imaging and Prodromic Markers in Dementia with Lewy Bodies: State of the Art, Opportunities and Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3960. [PMID: 33921279 PMCID: PMC8069386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is one of the most common causes of dementia and belongs to the group of α-synucleinopathies. Due to its clinical overlap with other neurodegenerative disorders and its high clinical heterogeneity, the clinical differential diagnosis of DLB from other similar disorders is often difficult and it is frequently underdiagnosed. Moreover, its genetic etiology has been studied only recently due to the unavailability of large cohorts with a certain diagnosis and shows genetic heterogeneity with a rare contribution of pathogenic mutations and relatively common risk factors. The rapid increase in the reported cases of DLB highlights the need for an easy, efficient and accurate diagnosis of the disease in its initial stages in order to halt or delay the progression. The currently used diagnostic methods proposed by the International DLB consortium rely on a list of criteria that comprises both clinical observations and the use of biomarkers. Herein, we summarize the up-to-now reported knowledge on the genetic architecture of DLB and discuss the use of prodromal biomarkers as well as recent promising candidates from alternative body fluids and new imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Combi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Maria Salsone
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council, 20054 Segrate (MI), Italy;
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology-Sleep Disorder Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20127 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Luigi Ferini-Strambi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology-Sleep Disorder Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20127 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, 20127 Milan, Italy
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Maqbool M, Gadhavi J, Singh A, Hivare P, Gupta S, Hoda N. Unravelling the potency of triazole analogues for inhibiting α-synuclein fibrillogenesis and in vitro disaggregation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1589-1603. [PMID: 33527970 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02226h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of triazole-based compounds was synthesized using a click chemistry approach and evaluated for the inhibition of α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrillogenesis and its disaggregation. Compounds Tr3, Tr7, Tr12, Tr15, and Tr16 exhibited good effect in inhibiting α-syn fibrillogenesis confirmed by Thioflavin-T assay and fluorescence microscopy and α-syn disaggregation confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Molecular docking was used to understand the plausible mechanism of the test compounds for inhibiting the α-syn fibrillogenesis and to verify the in vitro results. Compounds Tr3, Tr7, Tr12, Tr15 and Tr16 showed good binding interactions with the essential amino acid residues of α-syn. The compounds which were found to be good inhibitors or disaggregators had no toxic effects on the SH-SY5Y cell line. These compounds have the potential to be developed as therapeutic interventions against synucleinopathies including Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Maqbool
- Drug Design and Synthesis Lab., Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India.
| | - Joshna Gadhavi
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Anju Singh
- Drug Design and Synthesis Lab., Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India.
| | - Pravin Hivare
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Sharad Gupta
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
| | - Nasimul Hoda
- Drug Design and Synthesis Lab., Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025, India.
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Mansour HS, Abd El-Wahab HAA, Ali AM, Aboul-Fadl T. Inversion kinetics of some E/ Z 3-(benzylidene)-2-oxo-indoline derivatives and their in silico CDK2 docking studies. RSC Adv 2021; 11:7839-7850. [PMID: 35423292 PMCID: PMC8695066 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10672k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure-based design of some CDK2 inhibitors with a 3-(benzylidene)indolin-2-one scaffold as potential anticancer agents was realized. Target compounds were obtained as E/Z mixtures and were resolved to corresponding E- and Z-diastereomers. In silico studies using MOE 2019.01 software revealed better docking on the targeted enzyme for the Z-diastereomer compared to the E-one. A time-dependent kinetic isomerization study was carried out for the inversion of E/Z diastereomers in DMSO-d6 at room temperature, and were found to obey the first order kinetic reactions. Furthermore, a determination of the kinetic inter-conversion rate order by graphical analysis method and calculation of the rate constant and half-life of this kinetic process were carried out. For the prediction of the stability of the diastereomer(s), a good multiple regression equation was generated between the reaction rates of isomerization and some QM parameters with significant p value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany S Mansour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut Egypt
| | - Hend A A Abd El-Wahab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut Egypt
| | - Tarek Aboul-Fadl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University Assiut Egypt
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Juri C, Kramer V, Riss PJ, Soza-Ried C, Haeger A, Pruzzo R, Rösch F, Amaral H, Chana-Cuevas P. [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT Imaging for Evaluation of Nigrostriatal Neuron Integrity in Patients With Parkinson Disease. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:119-124. [PMID: 33323728 PMCID: PMC7774816 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Degeneration of dopaminergic, nigrostriatal neurons is the hallmark of Parkinson disease (PD), and PET quantification of dopamine transporters is a widely accepted method for differential diagnosis between idiopathic PD and essential tremor. [18F]PR04.MZ is a new PET tracer with excellent imaging properties allowing for precise quantification of striatal and extrastriatal dopamine transporter. Here we describe our initial experience with [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT in a larger cohort of healthy controls and PD patients as a proof-of-concept study for this tracer. METHODS Eighteen healthy subjects, 19 early PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr I-II), and 13 moderate-advanced PD patients (Hoehn-Yahr III-IV) underwent static PET/CT scans 60 to 90 minutes after injection of 5.16 ± 1.03 mCi (191 ± 38 MBq) [18F]PR04.MZ. Specific binding ratios (SBRs) were calculated for caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, posterior putamen, substantia nigra (SNpc), compared between different groups and correlated with clinical ratings. RESULTS [18F]PR04.MZ showed very high and specific uptake in the putamen, caudate, and substantia nigra pars compacta and very low nonspecific binding in other brain regions, and SBR values for the control group were 22.3 ± 4.1, 19.1 ± 3.5, and 5.4 ± 1.2, respectively. A reduction of SBR values was observed in all regions and in both initial and moderate PD, ranging from 35% to 89% (P < 0.001). The observed pattern of reduction was posterior putamen > anterior putamen > substantia nigra pars compacta > caudate, with contralateral posterior putamen being the most affected region. Rostrocaudal depletion gradient was evident in all PD patients and progression correlated with motor manifestations. CONCLUSIONS [18F]PR04.MZ PET/CT is a highly sensitive imaging modality for the detection of dopaminergic deficit in nigrostriatal pathways in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Juri
- From the Department of Neurology, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Sotero del Río
| | - Vasko Kramer
- Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center PositronMed
- Positronpharma SA, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | - Frank Rösch
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Horacio Amaral
- Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT Center PositronMed
- Positronpharma SA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Chana-Cuevas
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Abstract
This article presents an overview of imaging agents for PET that have been applied for research and diagnostic purposes in patients affected by dementia. Classified by the target which the agents visualize, seven groups of tracers can be distinguished, namely radiopharmaceuticals for: (1) Misfolded proteins (ß-amyloid, tau, α-synuclein), (2) Neuroinflammation (overexpression of translocator protein), (3) Elements of the cholinergic system, (4) Elements of monoamine neurotransmitter systems, (5) Synaptic density, (6) Cerebral energy metabolism (glucose transport/ hexokinase), and (7) Various other proteins. This last category contains proteins involved in mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation or cognitive impairment, which may also be potential therapeutic targets. Many receptors belong to this category: AMPA, cannabinoid, colony stimulating factor 1, metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and 5 (mGluR1, mGluR5), opioid (kappa, mu), purinergic (P2X7, P2Y12), sigma-1, sigma-2, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, besides several enzymes: cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 (COX-1, COX-2), phosphodiesterase-5 and 10 (PDE5, PDE10), and tropomyosin receptor kinase. Significant advances in neuroimaging have been made in the last 15 years. The use of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) for quantification of regional cerebral glucose metabolism is well-established. Three tracers for ß-amyloid plaques have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. Several tracers for tau neurofibrillary tangles are already applied in clinical research. Since many novel agents are in the preclinical or experimental stage of development, further advances in nuclear medicine imaging can be expected in the near future. PET studies with established tracers and tracers for novel targets may result in early diagnosis and better classification of neurodegenerative disorders and in accurate monitoring of therapy trials which involve these targets. PET data have prognostic value and may be used to assess the response of the human brain to interventions, or to select the appropriate treatment strategy for an individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aren van Waarde
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sofia Marcolini
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Paul de Deyn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Antwerp, Born-Bunge Institute, Neurochemistry and Behavior, Campus Drie Eiken, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Groningen, the Netherlands; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Kuebler L, Buss S, Leonov A, Ryazanov S, Schmidt F, Maurer A, Weckbecker D, Landau AM, Lillethorup TP, Bleher D, Saw RS, Pichler BJ, Griesinger C, Giese A, Herfert K. [ 11C]MODAG-001-towards a PET tracer targeting α-synuclein aggregates. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 48:1759-1772. [PMID: 33369690 PMCID: PMC8113290 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-05133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Deposition of misfolded alpha-synuclein (αSYN) aggregates in the human brain is one of the major hallmarks of synucleinopathies. However, a target-specific tracer to detect pathological aggregates of αSYN remains lacking. Here, we report the development of a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer based on anle138b, a compound shown to have therapeutic activity in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods Specificity and selectivity of [3H]MODAG-001 were tested in in vitro binding assays using recombinant fibrils. After carbon-11 radiolabeling, the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profile was determined in mice. Specific binding was quantified in rats, inoculated with αSYN fibrils and using in vitro autoradiography in human brain sections of Lewy body dementia (LBD) cases provided by the Neurobiobank Munich (NBM). Results [3H]MODAG-001 revealed a very high affinity towards pure αSYN fibrils (Kd = 0.6 ± 0.1 nM) and only a moderate affinity to hTau46 fibrils (Kd = 19 ± 6.4 nM) as well as amyloid-β1–42 fibrils (Kd = 20 ± 10 nM). [11C]MODAG-001 showed an excellent ability to penetrate the mouse brain. Metabolic degradation was present, but the stability of the parent compound improved after selective deuteration of the precursor. (d3)-[11C]MODAG-001 binding was confirmed in fibril-inoculated rat striata using in vivo PET imaging. In vitro autoradiography showed no detectable binding to aggregated αSYN in human brain sections of LBD cases, most likely, because of the low abundance of aggregated αSYN against background protein. Conclusion MODAG-001 provides a promising lead structure for future compound development as it combines a high affinity and good selectivity in fibril-binding assays with suitable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution properties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00259-020-05133-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kuebler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Buss
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrei Leonov
- MODAG GmbH, Mikroforum Ring 3, 55234, Wendelsheim, Germany.,Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sergey Ryazanov
- MODAG GmbH, Mikroforum Ring 3, 55234, Wendelsheim, Germany.,Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Schmidt
- MODAG GmbH, Mikroforum Ring 3, 55234, Wendelsheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Anne M Landau
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-Centre, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens 165, J109, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thea P Lillethorup
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-Centre, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens 165, J109, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniel Bleher
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ran Sing Saw
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian Griesinger
- Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany. .,University Göttingen, Cluster of Excellence Multiscale Bioimaging Molecular Machines, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Armin Giese
- MODAG GmbH, Mikroforum Ring 3, 55234, Wendelsheim, Germany.
| | - Kristina Herfert
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Röntgenweg 13, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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Ferrie JJ, Lengyel-Zhand Z, Janssen B, Lougee MG, Giannakoulias S, Hsieh CJ, Pagar VV, Weng CC, Xu H, Graham TJA, Lee VMY, Mach RH, Petersson EJ. Identification of a nanomolar affinity α-synuclein fibril imaging probe by ultra-high throughput in silico screening. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12746-12754. [PMID: 33889379 PMCID: PMC8047729 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small molecules that bind with high affinity and specificity to fibrils of the α-synuclein (αS) protein have the potential to serve as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probes to aid in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies. To identify such molecules, we employed an ultra-high throughput in silico screening strategy using idealized pseudo-ligands termed exemplars to identify compounds for experimental binding studies. For the top hit from this screen, we used photo-crosslinking to confirm its binding site and studied the structure-activity relationship of its analogs to develop multiple molecules with nanomolar affinity for αS fibrils and moderate specificity for αS over Aβ fibrils. Lastly, we demonstrated the potential of the lead analog as an imaging probe by measuring binding to αS-enriched homogenates from mouse brain tissue using a radiolabeled analog of the identified molecule. This study demonstrates the validity of our powerful new approach to the discovery of PET probes for challenging molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Ferrie
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
| | - Zsofia Lengyel-Zhand
- Department of Radiology , Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , USA
| | - Bieneke Janssen
- Department of Radiology , Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , USA
| | - Marshall G Lougee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
| | - Sam Giannakoulias
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
| | - Chia-Ju Hsieh
- Department of Radiology , Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , USA
| | - Vinayak Vishnu Pagar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
| | - Chi-Chang Weng
- Department of Radiology , Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , USA
| | - Hong Xu
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research , University of Pennsylvania , 3600 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA
| | - Thomas J A Graham
- Department of Radiology , Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research , University of Pennsylvania , 3600 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA
| | - Robert H Mach
- Department of Radiology , Perelman School of Medicine , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , USA
| | - E James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
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49
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Kaide S, Watanabe H, Shimizu Y, Iikuni S, Nakamoto Y, Hasegawa M, Itoh K, Ono M. Identification and Evaluation of Bisquinoline Scaffold as a New Candidate for α-Synuclein-PET Imaging. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4254-4261. [PMID: 33258582 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-syn) aggregates are pathologically associated with the hallmarks found in brains affected by synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Therefore, the in vivo detection of α-syn aggregates using radiolabeled probes is useful for the comprehension of and medical intervention for synucleinopathies. In the present study, we identified a bisquinoline scaffold as a new promising structure for targeting α-syn aggregates by a screening assay. Then, based on the scaffold, novel bisquinoline derivatives, BQ1 and BQ2, were designed and synthesized, and we evaluated their utilities as α-syn imaging probes. Both compounds showed high affinity for recombinant α-syn aggregates in binding assays in vitro and clearly detected α-syn aggregates in human brain sections. BQ2 showed higher affinity for α-syn aggregates than BQ1, leading to performing 18F-labeling to obtain [18F]BQ2. In a biodistribution study using normal mice, [18F]BQ2 displayed moderate uptake (1.59% ID/g at 2 min postinjection) into but subsequent retention (1.35% ID/g at 60 min postinjection) in the brain. The results of this study suggest that a bisquinoline derivative may be a new candidate as an α-syn-PET imaging probe after appropriate structure modification for further improvement in the pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kaide
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Watanabe
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoichi Shimizu
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shimpei Iikuni
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Department of Brain and Neurosciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology & Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Patho-Functional Bioanalysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida Shimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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50
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Adolfsson DE, Tyagi M, Singh P, Deuschmann A, Ådén J, Gharibyan AL, Jayaweera SW, Lindgren AEG, Olofsson A, Almqvist F. Intramolecular Povarov Reactions for the Synthesis of Chromenopyridine Fused 2-Pyridone Polyheterocycles Binding to α-Synuclein and Amyloid-β Fibrils. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14174-14189. [PMID: 33099999 PMCID: PMC7660745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A BF3·OEt2 catalyzed intramolecular Povarov reaction was used to synthesize 15 chromenopyridine fused thiazolino-2-pyridone peptidomimetics. The reaction works with several O-alkylated salicylaldehydes and amino functionalized thiazolino-2-pyridones, to generate polyheterocycles with diverse substitution. The synthesized compounds were screened for their ability to bind α-synuclein and amyloid β fibrils in vitro. Analogues substituted with a nitro group bind to mature amyloid fibrils, and the activity moreover depends on the positioning of this functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohit Tyagi
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pardeep Singh
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Jörgen Ådén
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Anders Olofsson
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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