1
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Li S, Yang L, Xu Q, Li X, Zhao J, Tan Z, Gu X, Qiu J. Exploration of 1-(indolin-1-yl)-2-(thiazol-2-yl)ethan-1-one derivatives as novel anti-HBV agent with potential TLR7-agonistic effect. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116575. [PMID: 38865744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, as a serious global public health issue, is closely related to the immune dysfunction. Herein, thirty-seven 1-(indolin-1-yl)-2-(thiazol-4-yl)ethan-1-one derivatives were prepared as potential immunomodulatory anti-HBV agents. Anti-HBV activity evaluation confirmed compound 11a could significantly suppress the HBV DNA replication in both wild and resistant HBV stains, with IC50 values of 0.13 μM and 0.36 μM, respectively. Preliminary action mechanism studies showed that 11a had an inhibitory effect on cellular HBsAg secretion and could effectively activate TLR7, thereby inducing the secretion of TLR7-regulated cytokines IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-α in human PBMC cells. SPR analysis confirmed that 11a could bind to TLR7 protein with an affinity of 7.06 μM. MD simulation predicted that 11a could form tight interactions with residues in the binding pocket of TLR7. Physicochemical parameters perdition and pharmacokinetic analysis indicated that 11a displayed relatively favorable drug-like properties. Considering all the results, compound 11a might be a promising lead for developing novel immunomodulatory anti-HBV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuting Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xincheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhoupeng Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingying Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, People's Republic of China.
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2
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He L, Zhang MY, Cox M, Zhang Q, Donnell AF, Zhang Y, Tarby C, Gill P, Subbaiah MAM, Ramar T, Reddy M, Puttapaka V, Li YX, Sivaprakasam P, Critton D, Mulligan D, Xie C, Ramakrishnan R, Nagar J, Dudhgaonkar S, Murtaza A, Oderinde MS, Schieven GL, Mathur A, Gavai AV, Vite G, Gangwar S, Poudel YB. Identification and Optimization of Small Molecule Pyrazolopyrimidine TLR7 Agonists for Applications in Immuno-oncology. ACS Med Chem Lett 2024; 15:189-196. [PMID: 38352849 PMCID: PMC10860188 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Small molecule toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 agonists have gathered considerable interest as promising therapeutic agents for applications in cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we describe the development and optimization of a series of novel TLR7 agonists through systematic structure-activity relationship studies focusing on modification of the phenylpiperidine side chain. Additional refinement of ADME properties culminated in the discovery of compound 14, which displayed nanomolar reporter assay activity and favorable drug-like properties. Compound 14 demonstrated excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles and synergistic antitumor activity when administered in combination with aPD1 antibody, suggesting opportunities of employing 14 in immuno-oncology therapies with immune checkpoint blockade agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqi He
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Meng Yao Zhang
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Matthew Cox
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Andrew F. Donnell
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Christine Tarby
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Patrice Gill
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | | | | | - Maheswara Reddy
- Biocon
Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Bangalore 560099, India
| | | | - Yi-Xin Li
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Prasanna Sivaprakasam
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - David Critton
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Dawn Mulligan
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Chunshan Xie
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Radha Ramakrishnan
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jignesh Nagar
- Biocon
Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Bangalore 560099, India
| | | | - Anwar Murtaza
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Martins S. Oderinde
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Gary L. Schieven
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Ashvinikumar V. Gavai
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Gregory Vite
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Sanjeev Gangwar
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Yam B. Poudel
- Research
and Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 700 Bay Road, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
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3
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Li F, Song B, Zhou WF, Chu LJ. Toll-Like Receptors 7/8: A Paradigm for the Manipulation of Immunologic Reactions for Immunotherapy. Viral Immunol 2023; 36:564-578. [PMID: 37751284 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system recognizes conserved features of viral and microbial pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one type of PRR used by the innate immune system to mediate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and promote innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR family members TLR7 and TLR8 (referred to as TLR7/8 from herein) are endosomal transmembrane receptors that recognize purine-rich single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and bacterial DNA, eliciting an immunologic reaction to pathogens. TLR7/8 were discovered to mediate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by activating immune cells. In addition, accumulating evidence has indicated that TLR7/8 may be closely related to numerous immune-mediated disorders, specifically several types of cancer, autoimmune disease, and viral disease. TLR7/8 agonists and antagonists, which are used as drugs or adjuvants, have been identified in preclinical studies and clinical trials as promising immune stimulators for the immunotherapy of these immune-mediated disorders. These results provided reasoning to further explore immunotherapy for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Nevertheless, numerous needs remain unmet, and the therapeutic effects of TLR7/8 agonists and antagonists are poor and exert strong immune-related toxicities. The present review aimed to provide an overview of the TLR family members, particularly TLR7/8, and address the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of TLR7/8 in immune-mediated disorders. The aim of the work is to discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of TLR7/8 in immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Biao Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Feng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Jin Chu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
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4
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Boora S, Sharma V, Kaushik S, Bhupatiraju AV, Singh S, Kaushik S. Hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma: a persistent global problem. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:679-689. [PMID: 37059940 PMCID: PMC10235410 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are highly prevalent globally, representing a serious public health problem. The diverse modes of transmission and the burden of the chronic carrier population pose challenges to the effective management of HBV. Vaccination is the most effective preventive measure available in the current scenario. Still, HBV is one of the significant health issues in various parts of the globe due to non-response to vaccines, the high number of concealed carriers, and the lack of access and awareness. Universal vaccination programs must be scaled up in neonates, especially in the developing parts of the world, to prevent new HBV infections. Novel treatments like combinational therapy, gene silencing, and new antivirals must be available for effective management. The prolonged infection of HBV, direct and indirect, can promote the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present review emphasizes the problems and probable solutions for better managing HBV infections, causal risk factors of HCC, and mechanisms of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit Boora
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124001, Haryana, Rohtak, India
| | - Vikrant Sharma
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124001, Haryana, Rohtak, India
| | | | | | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Samander Kaushik
- Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, 124001, Haryana, Rohtak, India.
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5
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Wang FC, Peng B, Ren TT, Liu SP, Du JR, Chen ZH, Zhang TT, Gu X, Li M, Cao SL, Xu X. A 1,2,3-Triazole Derivative of Quinazoline Exhibits Antitumor Activity by Tethering RNF168 to SQSTM1/P62. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15028-15047. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Cheng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Shao-Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Jing-Rui Du
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Zi-Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Gu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 10091, PR China
| | - Mo Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 10091, PR China
| | - Sheng-Li Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, PR China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, International Cancer Center, and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, PR China
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6
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Ma C, Liu WG, Liu WD, Xi CC, Xiong F, Zhang SP. Molecular Docking and 3D-QSAR Studies on a Series of Benzenesulfonamide Derivatives as a Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly Inhibitor. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2020.1871038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-guang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-ding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-cheng Xi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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7
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Noh K, Jeong EJ, An T, Shin JS, Kim H, Han SB, Kim M. The efficacy of a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline compound as an intranasal vaccine adjuvant to protect against influenza A virus infection in vivo. J Microbiol 2022; 60:550-559. [PMID: 35437625 PMCID: PMC9014970 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvants are substances added to vaccines to enhance antigen-specific immune responses or to protect antigens from rapid elimination. As pattern recognition receptors, Toll-like receptors 7 (TLR7) and 8 (TLR8) activate the innate immune system by sensing endosomal single-stranded RNA of RNA viruses. Here, we investigated if a 2,4-diaminoquinazoline-based TLR7/8 agonist, (S)-3-((2-amino-8-fluoroquinazolin-4-yl)amino)hexan-1-ol (named compound 31), could be used as an adjuvant to enhance the serological and mucosal immunity of an inactivated influenza A virus vaccine. The compound induced the production of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages. In a dose-response analysis, intranasal administration of 1 µg compound 31 together with an inactivated vaccine (0.5 µg) to mice not only enhanced virus-specific IgG and IgA production but also neutralized influenza A virus with statistical significance. Notably, in a virus-challenge model, the combination of the vaccine and compound 31 alleviated viral infection-mediated loss of body weight and increased survival rates by 40% compared with vaccine only-treated mice. We suggest that compound 31 is a promising lead compound for developing mucosal vaccine adjuvants to protect against respiratory RNA viruses such as influenza viruses and potentially coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungseob Noh
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Jeong
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Timothy An
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Shin
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Bong Han
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Meehyein Kim
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Design and synthesis of novel quinazolinone derivatives as anti-HBV agents with TLR8 agonist effect. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 231:114159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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9
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Talukdar A, Ganguly D, Roy S, Das N, Sarkar D. Structural Evolution and Translational Potential for Agonists and Antagonists of Endosomal Toll-like Receptors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8010-8041. [PMID: 34107682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are members of a large family of evolutionarily conserved pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which serve as key components of the innate immune system by playing a pivotal role in sensing "nonself" ligands. Endosomal TLRs (TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) can recognize pathogen-derived nucleic acid and initiate an innate immune response because they react against both self- and non-self-origin nucleic acid molecules. Accordingly, both receptor agonists and antagonists are potentially useful in disparate clinical contexts and thus are globally sought after. Recent research has revealed that agonists and antagonists share an overlapping binding region. This Perspective highlights rational medicinal chemistry approaches to elucidate the structural attributes of small molecules capable of agonism or antagonism or of elegantly switching between the two. The structural evolution of different chemotypes can provide the framework for the future development of endosomal TLR agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Department of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorders, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnali Roy
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Nirmal Das
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipika Sarkar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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10
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Kaushik D, Kaur A, Petrovsky N, Salunke DB. Structural evolution of toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists from imidazoquinolines to imidazoles. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1065-1120. [PMID: 34355178 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00031d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several synthetic heterocyclic small molecules like imiquimod, resiquimod, CL097, CL075, bromopirone, tilorone, loxoribine and isatoribine demonstrated TLR7/8 agonistic activity and relatively modest structural changes in such molecules result in major variation in the TLR7 and/or TLR8 activity. A strict dependency of the electronic configuration of the heterocyclic system was also observed to influence the agonistic activity. In the present review, an evolution of imidazole based TLR7/8 agonist from imidazoquinoline based scaffold is delineated along with the elaboration of detailed structure activity relationship (SAR) in each chemotype. The structural and activity details of not only the active compounds but also the related inactive compounds are included to better understand the SAR. TLR7/8 agonists are emerging as promising vaccine adjuvant candidates and the present SAR and structural information will provide a road map towards the identification of more potent and appropriate candidates for further drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepender Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Arshpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- Vaxine Pty Ltd 11 Walkley Avenue Warradale 5046 Australia.,College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University Bedford Park 5042 Australia
| | - Deepak B Salunke
- Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India .,National Interdisciplinary Centre of Vaccine, Immunotherapeutics and Antimicrobials, Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
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11
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Prifti GM, Moianos D, Giannakopoulou E, Pardali V, Tavis JE, Zoidis G. Recent Advances in Hepatitis B Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:417. [PMID: 34062711 PMCID: PMC8147224 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus infection affects over 250 million chronic carriers, causing more than 800,000 deaths annually, although a safe and effective vaccine is available. Currently used antiviral agents, pegylated interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogues, have major drawbacks and fail to completely eradicate the virus from infected cells. Thus, achieving a "functional cure" of the infection remains a real challenge. Recent findings concerning the viral replication cycle have led to development of novel therapeutic approaches including viral entry inhibitors, epigenetic control of cccDNA, immune modulators, RNA interference techniques, ribonuclease H inhibitors, and capsid assembly modulators. Promising preclinical results have been obtained, and the leading molecules under development have entered clinical evaluation. This review summarizes the key steps of the HBV life cycle, examines the currently approved anti-HBV drugs, and analyzes novel HBV treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia-Myrto Prifti
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.-M.P.); (D.M.); (E.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Moianos
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.-M.P.); (D.M.); (E.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Erofili Giannakopoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.-M.P.); (D.M.); (E.G.); (V.P.)
| | - Vasiliki Pardali
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.-M.P.); (D.M.); (E.G.); (V.P.)
| | - John E. Tavis
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Grigoris Zoidis
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.-M.P.); (D.M.); (E.G.); (V.P.)
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12
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Abiri A, Rezaei M, Zeighami MH, Vaezpour Y, Dehghan L, KhorramGhahfarokhi M. Discovery of new TLR7 agonists by a combination of statistical learning-based QSAR, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021; 27:100787. [PMID: 34805481 PMCID: PMC8591993 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Search for new antiviral medications has surged in the past two years due to the COVID-19 crisis. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is among one of the most important TLR proteins of innate immunity that is responsible for broad antiviral response and immune system control. TLR7 agonists, as both vaccine adjuvants and immune response modulators, are among the top drug candidates for not only our contemporary viral pandemic but also other diseases. The agonists of TLR7 have been utilized as vaccine adjuvants and antiviral agents. In this study, we hybridized a statistical learning-based QSAR model with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to extract new antiviral drugs by drug repurposing of the DrugBank database. First, we manually curated a dataset consisting of TLR7 agonists. The molecular descriptors of these compounds were extracted, and feature engineering was done to restrict the number of features to 45. We applied a statistically inspired modification of the partial least squares (SIMPLS) method to build our QSAR model. In the next stage, the DrugBank database was virtually screened structurally using molecular docking, and the top compounds for the guanosine binding site of TLR were identified. The result of molecular docking was again screened by the ligand-based approach of QSAR to eliminate compounds that do not display strong EC50 values by the previously trained model. We then subjected the final results to molecular dynamics simulation and compared our compounds with imiquimod (an FDA-approved TLR7 agonist) and compound 1 (the most active compound against TLR7 in vitro, EC50 = 0.2 nM). Our results evidently demonstrate that cephalosporins and nucleotide analogues (especially acyclic nucleotide analogues such as adefovir and cidofovir) are computationally potent agonists of TLR7. We finally reviewed some publications about cephalosporins that, just like pieces of a puzzle, completed our conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Abiri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Corresponding author
| | - Masoud Rezaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Corresponding author
| | - Mohammad Hossein Zeighami
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Younes Vaezpour
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Leili Dehghan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maedeh KhorramGhahfarokhi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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13
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Federico S, Pozzetti L, Papa A, Carullo G, Gemma S, Butini S, Campiani G, Relitti N. Modulation of the Innate Immune Response by Targeting Toll-like Receptors: A Perspective on Their Agonists and Antagonists. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13466-13513. [PMID: 32845153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and they are involved in the regulation of innate immune system. These transmembrane receptors, localized at the cellular or endosomal membrane, trigger inflammatory processes through either myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) or TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling pathways. In the last decades, extensive research has been performed on TLR modulators and their therapeutic implication under several pathological conditions, spanning from infections to cancer, from metabolic disorders to neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases. This Perspective will highlight the recent discoveries in this field, emphasizing the role of TLRs in different diseases and the therapeutic effect of their natural and synthetic modulators, and it will discuss insights for the future exploitation of TLR modulators in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Federico
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Papa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Relitti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
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14
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Shi J, Ding M, Luo N, Wan S, Li P, Li J, Bao X. Design, Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 6-Fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl-Containing 1,2,4-Triazole Mannich Base Derivatives against Phytopathogenic Bacteria and Fungi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9613-9623. [PMID: 32786823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A total of 20 1,2,4-triazole Mannich base derivatives bearing the 6-fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as antimicrobial agents against phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi according to the molecular hybridization strategy. Of note, the structure of target compound 4h was clearly confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The turbidimetric assays indicated that some compounds exhibited excellent antibacterial efficacies in vitro against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). For example, compounds 4c, 4f, 4j, and 7j had EC50 values of 23.6, 18.8, 23.4, and 24.3 μg/mL, respectively, which were far superior to that of agrobactericide bismerthiazol (EC50 = 92.4 μg/mL). In particular, compound 4f demonstrated a potent anti-Xoo activity approximately five times more active than that of bismerthiazol. Moreover, in vivo assays showed the excellent protective and curative activities of compound 4f against rice bacterial blight, having the potential as an alternative bactericide for controlling Xoo. The structure-activity relationship analysis showed a good pesticide-likeness concerning compound 4f, following Tice's criteria. The anti-Xoo mechanism of compound 4f was preliminarily explored by scanning electron microscopy measurements in living bacteria. Finally, several compounds also exhibited good antifungal activities in vitro against Gibberella zeae at 50 μg/mL. In short, the presented work showed the potential of 6-fluoroquinazolinylpiperidinyl-containing 1,2,4-triazole Mannich base derivatives as effective bactericides for controlling Xoo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Muhan Ding
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Na Luo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Suran Wan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Peijia Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Bao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Centre for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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15
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Mackman RL, Mish M, Chin G, Perry JK, Appleby T, Aktoudianakis V, Metobo S, Pyun P, Niu C, Daffis S, Yu H, Zheng J, Villasenor AG, Zablocki J, Chamberlain J, Jin H, Lee G, Suekawa-Pirrone K, Santos R, Delaney WE, Fletcher SP. Discovery of GS-9688 (Selgantolimod) as a Potent and Selective Oral Toll-Like Receptor 8 Agonist for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10188-10203. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard L. Mackman
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Michael Mish
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Gregory Chin
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jason K. Perry
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Todd Appleby
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | | | - Sammy Metobo
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Peter Pyun
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Congrong Niu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Stephane Daffis
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Helen Yu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jim Zheng
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Armando G. Villasenor
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jeff Zablocki
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Jason Chamberlain
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Haolun Jin
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Gary Lee
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | | | - Rex Santos
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - William E. Delaney
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Simon P. Fletcher
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., 333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, California 94404, United States
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16
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McGowan DC. Latest Advances in Small Molecule TLR 7/8 Agonist Drug Research. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:2228-2238. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191009165418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 7 and 8 play an important role in the activation of innate immune
cells in mammals. These evolutionarily conserved receptors serve as important sentinels in response to
infection. Activation of TLRs 7 and 8 triggers induction of a Th1 type innate immune response. The
emergence of new structural and small molecule information generated in the last decade has contributed
enormously to our understanding of this highly sophisticated process of innate immunity signaling.
This review will focus on recent developments in the small molecule activation of TLR 7 and 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. McGowan
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, N.V., Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium
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17
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Selective Toll-like receptor 7 agonists with novel chromeno[3,4-d]imidazol-4(1H)-one and 2-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline/ quinazoline-4-amine scaffolds. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:109-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Huang S, Mei H, Zhang D, Shi T, Chen L, Kuang Z, Heng Y, Pan X, Lu L. Subtle differences in chemical pattern between human toll-like receptor 8 agonists and antagonists: Emerging chemical patterns analysis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 94:1824-1834. [PMID: 31293023 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to the potencies in the treatments of cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases, the developments of human TLR8 (hTLR8) agonists and antagonists have attracted widespread attentions. The hTLR8 agonists and antagonists have similar structures but with completely opposite biological effects. Up to date, the subtle differences in the structures between the hTLR8 agonists and antagonists are still unknown. In this work, emerging chemical pattern (ECP) was successfully used to extract the key chemical patterns of the hTLR8 agonists and antagonists. By using CAEP classifier, an optimal ECP model with only 3 descriptors was established with the overall prediction accuracy larger than 90%. Further hierarchical cluster analysis and molecular docking showed that the H-bond and hydrophobic properties are the key features distinguishing the hTLR8 agonists from antagonists. Comparing with the antagonists, the agonists show stronger specific H-bond properties, while antagonists have stronger non-specific hydrophobic properties. The significant differences in the structural properties may be closely related to the activation/inhibition mechanism of hTLR8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Mei
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Shi
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linxin Chen
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuyin Kuang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Heng
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianchao Pan
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Laichun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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