1
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Li Z, Chai L, Tang Z, Zhu H, Xue P, Sun F, Lin H, Zhou Y, Lin X. Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis of Neoantimycin Derivatives with Selective Cytotoxicity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1376-1383. [PMID: 38662398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A precursor-directed biosynthesis approach led to the accumulation of seven new neoantimycin derivatives (1-7) from Streptomyces conglobatus RJ2. Structure elucidation was conducted using NMR and HRESIMS analysis, and the absolute configuration was determined by advanced Marfey's method, Mosher's analysis, and ECD analysis. The obtained compounds revealed selective and significant cytotoxicity, specifically against colorectal cancer cells bearing the K-ras mutation, with IC50 values ranging from 40 nM to 3.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Li
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Chai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhou Tang
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongrui Zhu
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiying Xue
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Sun
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Houwen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, People's Republic of China
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2
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Pierre HC, Amrine CSM, Doyle MG, Salvi A, Raja HA, Chekan JR, Huntsman AC, Fuchs JR, Liu K, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Verticillins: fungal epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids with chemotherapeutic potential. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38629495 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Covering: 1970 through June of 2023Verticillins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) alkaloids, many of which possess potent, nanomolar-level cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines. Over the last decade, their in vivo activity and mode of action have been explored in detail. Notably, recent studies have indicated that these compounds may be selective inhibitors of histone methyltransferases (HMTases) that alter the epigenome and modify targets that play a crucial role in apoptosis, altering immune cell recognition, and generating reactive oxygen species. Verticillin A (1) was the first of 27 analogues reported from fungal cultures since 1970. Subsequent genome sequencing identified the biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for producing verticillins, allowing a putative pathway to be proposed. Further, molecular sequencing played a pivotal role in clarifying the taxonomic characterization of verticillin-producing fungi, suggesting that most producing strains belong to the genus Clonostachys (i.e., Bionectria), Bionectriaceae. Recent studies have explored the total synthesis of these molecules and the generation of analogues via both semisynthetic and precursor-directed biosynthetic approaches. In addition, nanoparticles have been used to deliver these molecules, which, like many natural products, possess challenging solubility profiles. This review summarizes over 50 years of chemical and biological research on this class of fungal metabolites and offers insights and suggestions on future opportunities to push these compounds into pre-clinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herma C Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Chiraz Soumia M Amrine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
- Department of Physical and Earth Sciences. Arkansas Tech University, 1701 N. Boulder Ave., Russellville, Arkansas 72801, USA
| | - Michael G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave (M/C 870), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Chekan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave (M/C 870), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | | | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
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3
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Saalim M, Liu S, Bennett SD, Zaleta-Pinet DA, Poulin RX, Clark BR. Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis of Antialgal Fluorinated Bacillamide Derivatives in Bacillus atrophaeus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:388-395. [PMID: 38319739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The bacillamides are a class of indole alkaloids produced by the Bacillus genus that possess significant antialgal activity. Incorporation of fluorine into the bacillamides was carried out using a precursor-directed biosynthesis approach, with 4-, 5-, and 6-fluorotryptophan added to growing cultures of Bacillus atrophaeus IMG-11. This yielded the corresponding fluorinated analogues of bacillamides A and C, in addition to new derivatives of the related metabolite N-acetyltryptamine, thus demonstrating a degree of plasticity in the bacillamide biosynthetic pathway. The bacillamide derivatives were tested for activity against bloom-forming algae, which revealed that fluorination could improve the antialgal activity of these compounds in a site-specific manner, with fluorination at the 6-position consistently resulting in improved activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saalim
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Sandra D Bennett
- Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Diana A Zaleta-Pinet
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Remington X Poulin
- Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, United States
| | - Benjamin R Clark
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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4
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Pourhadi H, El-Elimat T, Rangel-Grimaldo M, Graf TN, Falkinham JO, Khin M, Burdette JE, Mirtallo Ezzone N, Jeyaraj J, de Blanco EC, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Semisynthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation of Fluorinated Analogues of the Spirobisnaphthalene, Diepoxin-η. Tetrahedron Lett 2024; 134:154857. [PMID: 38328000 PMCID: PMC10846677 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Diepoxin-η (1) is a cytotoxic fungal metabolite belonging to the spirobisnaphthalene structural class. In this study, four mono fluorinated analogues (2-5) of diepoxin-η (1) were semisynthesized in a single-step by selectively fluorinating the naphthalene moiety with Selectfluor. The structures of 2-5 were elucidated using a set of spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques and were further confirmed by means of TDDFT-ECD and isotropic shielding tensors calculations. Compounds 2-5 showed equipotent cytotoxic activity to 1 when tested against OVCAR3 (ovarian) and MDA-MB-435 (melanoma) cancer cell lines with IC50 values that range from 5.7-8.2 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Pourhadi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Manuel Rangel-Grimaldo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Tyler N. Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
| | - Joseph O. Falkinham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Manead Khin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Nathan Mirtallo Ezzone
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jonathan Jeyaraj
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Esperanza Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States
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5
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Müll M, Pourmasoumi F, Wehrhan L, Nosovska O, Stephan P, Zeihe H, Vilotijevic I, Keller BG, Kries H. Biosynthetic incorporation of fluorinated amino acids into the nonribosomal peptide gramicidin S. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:692-697. [PMID: 37654511 PMCID: PMC10467612 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00061c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorine is a key element in medicinal chemistry, as it can significantly enhance the pharmacological properties of drugs. In this study, we aimed to biosynthetically produce fluorinated analogues of the antimicrobial cyclic decapeptide gramicidin S (GS). However, our results show that the A-domain of the NRPS module GrsA rejects 4-fluorinated analogues of its native substrate Phe due to an interrupted T-shaped aromatic interaction in the binding pocket. We demonstrate that GrsA mutant W239S improves the incorporation of 4-fluorinated Phe into GS both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings provide new insights into the behavior of NRPSs towards fluorinated amino acids and strategies for the engineered biosynthesis of fluorinated peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Müll
- Junior Research Group Biosynthetic Design of Natural Products, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI Jena) Jena 07745 Germany
| | - Farzaneh Pourmasoumi
- Junior Research Group Biosynthetic Design of Natural Products, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI Jena) Jena 07745 Germany
| | - Leon Wehrhan
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arnimallee 20 Berlin 14195 Germany
| | - Olena Nosovska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstr. 10 Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Philipp Stephan
- Junior Research Group Biosynthetic Design of Natural Products, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI Jena) Jena 07745 Germany
| | - Hannah Zeihe
- Junior Research Group Biosynthetic Design of Natural Products, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI Jena) Jena 07745 Germany
| | - Ivan Vilotijevic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstr. 10 Jena 07743 Germany
| | - Bettina G Keller
- Freie Universität Berlin, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arnimallee 20 Berlin 14195 Germany
| | - Hajo Kries
- Junior Research Group Biosynthetic Design of Natural Products, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute (HKI Jena) Jena 07745 Germany
- University of Bayreuth, Organic Chemistry I Bayreuth 95440 Germany
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6
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Huber EM. Epipolythiodioxopiperazine-Based Natural Products: Building Blocks, Biosynthesis and Biological Activities. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200341. [PMID: 35997236 PMCID: PMC10086836 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs) are fungal secondary metabolites that share a 2,5-diketopiperazine scaffold built from two amino acids and bridged by a sulfide moiety. Modifications of the core and the amino acid side chains, for example by methylations, acetylations, hydroxylations, prenylations, halogenations, cyclizations, and truncations create the structural diversity of ETPs and contribute to their biological activity. However, the key feature responsible for the bioactivities of ETPs is their sulfide moiety. Over the last years, combinations of genome mining, reverse genetics, metabolomics, biochemistry, and structural biology deciphered principles of ETP production. Sulfurization via glutathione and uncovering of the thiols followed by either oxidation or methylation crystallized as fundamental steps that impact expression of the biosynthesis cluster, toxicity and secretion of the metabolite as well as self-tolerance of the producer. This article showcases structure and activity of prototype ETPs such as gliotoxin and discusses the current knowledge on the biosynthesis routes of these exceptional natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Huber
- Chair of Biochemistry, Center for Protein Assemblies, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
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7
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Zhang Z, He X, Zhang X, Li D, Wu G, Liu Z, Niu C, Yang L, Song W, Li Z, Wang Z. Production of Multiple Talaroenamines from Penicillium malacosphaerulum via One-Pot/Two-Stage Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2168-2176. [PMID: 35993848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen new talaroenamine derivatives, talaroenamines F1-F19 (1-19), were isolated from the Yellow River wetland derived Penicillium malacosphaerulum HPU-J01 by use of a one-pot/two-stage precursor-directed biosynthesis approach. During this approach, the initial precursor p-methylaniline was first used as a carrier to capture the biologically synthesized cyclohexanedione to produce talaroenamine F, and then the other aniline derivatives were employed to replace the p-methylaniline fragment of talaroenamine F to generate the final products. LC-MS analysis showed that only four compounds (2, 8, 10, and 12) could be produced by the traditional precursor-directed biosynthesis in which the aniline precursors were added simultaneously. Compound 14 was cytotoxic against the K562 cell line with an IC50 value of 2.2 μM. This work demonstrated the one-pot/two-stage precursor-directed biosynthesis could improve substrate acceptance leading to the production of diverse talaroenamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqian He
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangwei Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Niu
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanping Yang
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Song
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanlin Li
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, People's Republic of China
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8
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Production and MS-MS analysis of new fluorinated surfactins from a Chinese Bacillus subtilis isolate. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Amrine CSM, Huntsman AC, Doyle MG, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Fuchs JR, Oberlies NH. Semisynthetic Derivatives of the Verticillin Class of Natural Products through Acylation of the C11 Hydroxy Group. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:625-630. [PMID: 33859802 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The verticillins, a class of epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids (ETPs) first described 50 years ago with the discovery of verticillin A (1), have gained attention due to their potent activity against cancer cells, noted both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the complex scaffold afforded through optimized fermentation was used as a feedstock for semisynthetic efforts designed to explore the reactivity of the C11 and C11' hydroxy substituents. Functionality introduced at these positions would be expected to impact not only the potency but also the pharmacokinetic properties of the resulting compound. With this in mind, verticillin H (2) was used as a starting material to generate nine semisynthetic analogues (4-12) containing a variety of ester, carbonate, carbamate, and sulfonate moieties. Likewise, verticillin A succinate (13) was synthesized from 1 to demonstrate the successful application of this strategy to other ETPs. The synthesized compounds and their corresponding starting materials (i.e., 1 and 2) were screened for activity against a panel of melanoma, breast, and ovarian cancer cell lines: MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231, and OVCAR3. All analogues retained IC50 values in the nanomolar range, comparable to, and in some cases more potent than, the parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiraz Soumia M. Amrine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
- Department of Physical Sciences, Arkansas Tech University, Russellville, Arkansas 72801, United States
| | - Andrew C. Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Michael G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Cedric J. Pearce
- Mycosynthetix, Inc., 505 Meadowlands Drive, Suite 103, Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
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10
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Graf TN, Kao D, Rivera-Chávez J, Gallagher JM, Raja HA, Oberlies NH. Drug Leads from Endophytic Fungi: Lessons Learned via Scaled Production. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:988-996. [PMID: 32219776 PMCID: PMC7511429 DOI: 10.1055/a-1130-4856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the isolation and elucidation of a series of polyhydroxyanthraquinones were reported from an organic extract of a solid phase culture of an endophytic fungus, Penicillium restrictum (strain G85). One of these compounds, ω-hydroxyemodin (1: ), showed promising quorum-sensing inhibition against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in both in vitro and in vivo models. The initial supply of 1: was 19 mg, and this amount needed to be scaled by a factor of 30 to 50 times, in order to generate material for further in vivo studies. To do so, improvements were implemented to enhance both the fermentation of the fungal culture and the isolation of this compound, with the target of generating > 800 mg of study materials in a period of 13 wk. Valuable insights, both regarding chemistry and mycology, were gained during the targeted production of 1: on the laboratory-scale. In addition, methods were modified to make the process more environmentally friendly by judicious choice of solvents, implementing procedures for solvent recycling, and minimizing the use of halogenated solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler N. Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Diana Kao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - José Rivera-Chávez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
- Department of Natural Products, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jacklyn M. Gallagher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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11
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Jin X, Ma H, Wang F, Jiang J, Cheng L, Hu S, Zhang G. Generation of indole derivatives by an endophytic fungus Chaetomium sp. through feeding 1,2-dimethylindole. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:87-95. [PMID: 32380913 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1762189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Through feeding 1,2-dimethylindole, two new bisindoles, chaetoindolone E and F (1 and 2) and five known indole derivatives (3-7) were isolated from the cultures of an endophytic fungus Chaetomium sp. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on HR-MS, NMR and single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Compounds 1 and 2 were undescribed before, compounds 3-7 were first reported from natural sources, and NMR spectrums of compounds 4 and 5 were first reported. The cytotoxity of the bisindole compounds (1-3) was also tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuqian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Geng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
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12
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Sester A, Stüer-Patowsky K, Hiller W, Kloss F, Lütz S, Nett M. Biosynthetic Plasticity Enables Production of Fluorinated Aurachins. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2268-2273. [PMID: 32216075 PMCID: PMC7496329 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme promiscuity has important implications in the field of biocatalysis. In some cases, structural analogues of simple metabolic building blocks can be processed through entire pathways to give natural product derivatives that are not readily accessible by chemical means. In this study, we explored the plasticity of the aurachin biosynthesis pathway with regard to using fluoro‐ and chloroanthranilic acids, which are not abundant in the bacterial producers of these quinolone antibiotics. The incorporation rates of the tested precursor molecules disclosed a regiopreference for halogen substitution as well as steric limitations of enzymatic substrate tolerance. Three previously undescribed fluorinated aurachin derivatives were produced in preparative amounts by fermentation and structurally characterized. Furthermore, their antibacterial activities were evaluated in comparison to their natural congener aurachin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sester
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Technical Biology, TU Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Katrin Stüer-Patowsky
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Technical Biology, TU Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Wolf Hiller
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology NMR Laboratory, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Florian Kloss
- Transfer Group Antiinfectives, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Beutenbergstrasse 11a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephan Lütz
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Chair for Bioprocess Engineering, TU Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strase 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Markus Nett
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Technical Biology, TU Dortmund, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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Wang MH, Zhang XY, Tan XM, Niu SB, Sun BD, Yu M, Ding G, Zou ZM. Chetocochliodins A-I, Epipoly(thiodioxopiperazines) from Chaetomium cochliodes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:805-813. [PMID: 32115958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nine new epipoly(thiodioxopiperazine) (ETP) analogues, chetocochliodins A-I (1-9), along with two known ones, chetoseminudins E and C (10 and 11), were purified from the fungus Chaetomium cochliodes. The planar structures and absolute configurations of these new compounds were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, CD spectra, and chemical reactions. Shielding effects from the indole on the 3-SCH3/3-OCH3/3-OCH2- groups facilitated the determination of relative configuration of the analogues. Compound 9 was cytotoxic, suggesting the importance of the sulfide bridge for the diketopiperazine bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Mei Tan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Bin Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Da Sun
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100090, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
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