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Liu S, Fang Z, Li Y, Kang L, Cong H, Shen Y, Yu B. Four Kinds of Polymer Microspheres Prepared by the Seed Swelling Method Used to Purify the Industrial Production of Phytol. J Chromatogr Sci 2024; 62:508-514. [PMID: 36752419 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Four monodisperse porous polymer microspheres were successfully prepared by seed emulsion polymerization and used as stationary phases for HPLC and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC). All four polymer microspheres(polystyrene-polystyrene (PS-PS), polystyrene-poly(glycidyl methylate) (PS-PGMA), polystyrene-poly(methyl methylate) and poly(glycidyl methylate)-poly(glycidyl methylate) were used for filling HPLC empty columns. According to the analysis results of the HPLC column, PS-PS and PS-PGMA microspheres were screened out as the stationary phase of Prep-HPLC. The industrial-grade phytol was successfully separated and purified, and the purity of the final phytol was as high as 99%. The two types of polymer microspheres have been applied to industrial-grade phytol purification and have been used in factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhipeng Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Linlin Kang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Yu W, Luo M, Wu H, Yu Y, Li J, He M, Feng Y, Yang S, Zhang W, Yao M. Analysis of phytochemical components of Tibetan medicine Pedicularis flava and Pedicularis muscicola by GC-MS and UHPLC-TOF-MS. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2245-2251. [PMID: 36705315 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2169920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Traditional medicine, 'LuRu', is a commonly used Tibetan medicine for clearing away heat and detoxifying. Dried products of Pedicularis flava and Pedicularis muscicola are often used as 'LuRu' in the market. This study aims to compare the chemical constituents of P. flava and P. muscicola using GC-MS and UPLC-TOF-MS, and confirm which plant species is more suitable to be used as 'LuRu'. A total of 46 and 68 compounds were identified from the volatile and non-volatile components, respectively. Out of these, 17 and 37 volatile and non-volatile components, respectively, had pharmacological activities. P. flava showed a higher content of the same active components than P. muscicola. Good biological activities are only observed in the unique components in P. flava, and not in P. muscicola. The two herbs should not be mixed in clinical medication. Our study shows that P. flava is better suited as a high-quality herb for the Tibetan medicine, 'LuRu'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Yu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Man Luo
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Huan Wu
- Jiangxi Bencao Tiangong Technology Co., Ltd, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Yayun Yu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Junmao Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Solid Preparation Manufacturing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Minzhen He
- National Engineering Research Center for Solid Preparation Manufacturing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Yunlin Feng
- Jiangxi Bencao Tiangong Technology Co., Ltd, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Shilin Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Solid Preparation Manufacturing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Wugang Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Solid Preparation Manufacturing Technology of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Min Yao
- Jiangxi Institute of Drug Testing, Nanchang, PR China
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Kaewdaungdee S, Banlue T, Youngsanbhu N, Naeklang M, Lee SY, Ang A, Sudmoon R, Tanee T, Daduang S, Chaveerach A. A New Source and Large Quantity of Resveratrol in Cratoxylum Species and Their Activities on Normal Human and Cancer Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:402. [PMID: 38927282 PMCID: PMC11200464 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cratoxylum formosum ssp. formosum (Cff), C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum (Cfp), and C. sumatranum (Cs) were investigated for phytochemical analysis. Toxicity testing, programmed cell death, and cell cycle arrest were tested on CHL-1, HCT-116, and HepG2 cancer cell lines, and human normal PBMCs. The results are revealed in the following order. The phytochemical percentages varied in each species, the quantity and concentration of α-amyrin and resveratrol were 0.038 mg/g and 0.955 mg/mL, and 0.064 mg/g and 0.640 mg/mL. The most studied Cratoxylum extracts showed IC50 values in PBMCs and cancer cell lines except for the hexane Cff and ethanol Cfp extracts. All studied extracts did not induce DNA breaks in PBMCs but caused significant DNA breaks in the cancer cell lines. All studied extracts induced both apoptosis and necrosis in cancer cell lines, and the DNA quantity in the S and G2-M phases decreased significantly but did not induce apoptosis and necrosis in PBMCs. Except for the ethanolic extracts of Cff and Cfp that induced PBMCs apoptosis and necrosis, these data confirmed that the three studied Cratoxylum samples have inhibiting properties for the growth of cancer cells and low toxicity to PBMCs. Cs showed more toxicity to cancer cell lines than Cf and cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanit Kaewdaungdee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.K.); (T.B.); (N.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Tankun Banlue
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.K.); (T.B.); (N.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Napatsakon Youngsanbhu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.K.); (T.B.); (N.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Mallika Naeklang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.K.); (T.B.); (N.Y.); (M.N.)
| | - Shiou Yih Lee
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; (S.Y.L.); (A.A.)
| | - Arnold Ang
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; (S.Y.L.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Tawatchai Tanee
- Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand;
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Arunrat Chaveerach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.K.); (T.B.); (N.Y.); (M.N.)
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Yang Z, Li F, Shen S, Wang X, Nihmot Ibrahim A, Zheng H, Zhang J, Ji X, Liao X, Zhang Y. Natural chlorophyll: a review of analysis methods, health benefits, and stabilization strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38795062 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2356259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Chlorophyll (Chl) is a natural pigment, widely distributed ranging from photosynthetic prokaryotes to higher plants, with an annual yield of up to 1.2 billion tons worldwide. Five types of Chls are observed in nature, that can be distinguished and identified using spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Chl is also used in the food industry owing to its bioactivities, including obesity prevention, inflammation reduction, viral infection inhibition, anticancer effects, anti-oxidation, and immunostimulatory properties. It has great potential of being applied as a colorant and dietary supplement in the food industry. However, Chl is unstable under various enzymatic, acidic, heat, and light conditions, which limit its application. Although some strategies, such as aggregation with other food components, microencapsulation, and metal cation replacement, have been proposed to overcome these limitations, they are still not enough to facilitate its widespread application. Therefore, stabilization strategies and bioactivities of Chl need to be expected to expand its application in various fields, thereby aiding in the sustainable development of mankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotian Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, PR China
| | - Fangwei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Suxia Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ajibola Nihmot Ibrahim
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hongli Zheng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jinghao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xingyu Ji
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, PR China
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Wafaey AA, El-Hawary SS, Abdelhameed MF, El Raey MA, Abdelrahman SS, Ali AM, Kirollos FN. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using ethanolic extract of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) kunth. Ex. Walp., stem: Characterizations and their gastroprotective effect on ethanol-induced gastritis in rats. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107225. [PMID: 38402797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The study presents a significant advancement in drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy through the successful synthesis of Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Kunth. ex. Walp., stem zinc oxide nanoparticles(GSS ZnONPs). The phenolic compounds present in Gliricidia sepium stem (GSS) particularly vanillic acid, apegnin-7-O-glucoside, syringic acid, and p-coumaric acid which were identified by HPLC. These compounds shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. GSS ZnONPs demonstrate pronounced gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastritis, evidenced by the reduction in gastric lesions and mucosal injury upon its treatment. Histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression further validate these results, revealing the amelioration of ethanol-induced gastritis and improved gastric tissue condition due to their treatment. Noteworthy is the dose-dependent response of GSS ZnONPs, showcasing their efficacy even at lower doses against ethanol-induced gastritis which is confirmed by different biomarkers. These findings have substantial implications for mitigating dosage-related adverse effects while preserving therapeutic benefits, offering a more favorable treatment approach. This study aims to investigate the potential gastroprotective activity of GSS ZnONPs against gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya A Wafaey
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El -Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Seham S El-Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El -Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Abdelhameed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El Raey
- Phytochemistry & Plant Systematic Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622 , Egypt
| | - Sahar S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Farid N Kirollos
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El -Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Duraisamy P, Angusamy A, Ravi S, Krishnan M, Martin LC, Manikandan B, Sundaram J, Ramar M. Phytol from Scoparia dulcis prevents NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses during macrophage polarization. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:80. [PMID: 38375513 PMCID: PMC10874368 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are primary immune cells that mediate a wide range of inflammatory diseases through their polarization potential. In this study, phytol isolated from Scoparia dulcis has been explored against 7-ketocholesterol and bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage polarization in IC-21 cells. Isolated phytol has been characterized using GC-MS, TLC, HPTLC, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and HPLC analyses. The immunomodulatory effects of viable concentrations of phytol were tested on oxidative stress, arginase activity, nuclear and mitochondrial membrane potentials in IC-21 cells in addition to the modulation of calcium and lipids. Further, gene and protein expression of atherogenic markers were studied. Results showed that the isolated phytol at a viable concentration of 400 µg/ml effectively reduced the production of nitric oxide, superoxide anion (ROS generation), calcium and lipid accumulation, stabilized nuclear and mitochondrial membranes, and increased arginase activity. The atherogenic markers including iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β, MMP-9, CD36, and NF-κB were significantly downregulated at the levels of gene and protein expression, while macrophage surface and nuclear receptor markers (CD206, CD163, and PPAR-γ) were significantly upregulated by phytol pre-treatment in macrophages. Therefore, the present pharmacognostic study supports the role of phytol isolated from Scoparia dulcis in preventing M2-M1 macrophage polarization under inflammatory conditions, making it a promising compound. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-03924-9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annapoorani Angusamy
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | - Sangeetha Ravi
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | - Mahalakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | | | - Beulaja Manikandan
- Department of Biochemistry, Annai Veilankanni’s College for Women, Chennai, 600015 India
| | - Janarthanan Sundaram
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
| | - Manikandan Ramar
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025 India
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Mashaal K, Shabbir A, Shahzad M, Mobashar A, Akhtar T, Fatima T, Riaz B, Alharbi R, Fatima A, Alanezi AA, Ahmad A. Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis by Fragaria nubicola (Wild Strawberry) via Attenuation of Inflammatory Mediators in Sprague Dawley Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1917. [PMID: 38003966 PMCID: PMC10672992 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fragaria nubicola has never been evaluated scientifically for its anti-arthritic potential despite its use in folkloric systems of medicine. The research was conducted to assess the potential of F. nubicola against rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and Methods: The current study provided scientific evidence by evaluating the effects of plants using an in vivo CFA-induced model of arthritic rats and subsequent microscopic histopathological evaluation of ankle joints along with the determination of paw edema using a digital water displacement plethysmometer. The study also gave insight by determining levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase enzymes (MMPs), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and biochemical and hematological parameters. GCMS analysis was also conducted for the identification of possible anti-inflammatory plant constituents. Results: The data showed that F. nubicola-treated groups attenuated the progression of arthritis and paw edema. Microscopic histopathological evaluation validated the anti-arthritic potential by showing amelioration of bone erosion, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and pannus formation. RT-PCR analysis displayed that treatment with F. nubicola down-regulated IL1β, IL6, TNFα, NF-κB, VEGF, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 levels. Moreover, ELISA exhibited a reduction in levels of PGE2 levels in treatment groups. The levels of RBCs, platelets, WBCs, and Hb content were found to be nearly similar to negative control in the treated group. Statistically, a non-significant difference was found when all groups were compared for urea, creatinine, ALT, and AST analysis, indicating the safety of plant extract and fractions at test doses. GCMS analysis of extract and fractions showed the existence of many anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phytochemicals. Conclusion: In conclusion, F. nubicola possessed anti-arthritic properties that might be attributed to the amelioration of MMPs and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Mashaal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Arham Shabbir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Aisha Mobashar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (K.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Tasleem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Tabinda Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bushra Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Rana Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Afreen Fatima
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdulkareem A. Alanezi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashfaq Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia; (B.R.); (R.A.); (A.F.); (A.A.)
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8
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Abubakar A, Yusuf H, Syukri M, Nasution R, Idroes R. Chromolaena odorata Linn leaf extract - Geothermal versus nongeothermal: Phytochemical, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity screenings. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:332-337. [PMID: 38107460 PMCID: PMC10723167 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_286_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromolaena odorata Linn, a popular yet underutilized ethnomedicinal plant, is hypothesized to possess higher bioactive phytoconstituents when it grows in geothermal areas. In this study, the comparison of ethanolic extract from geothermal and nongeothermal C. odorata leaves was carried out based on the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity. The leaf extracts were produced from a maceration using ethanol 96%, where the products were identified using reagents and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activities of both samples were measured based on their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities. Cytotoxicity was determined by brine shrimp lethality test using Artemia salina. Phenols were found to be more abundant in geothermal sample based on the qualitative screening and GC-MS analysis (i.e. higher relative abundance of phytol - 3.97%). DPPH antioxidant was higher in geothermal sample than in nongeothermal sample (median inhibitory concentration =13.04 ± 3.35 mg/L vs. 41.09 ± 4.13 mg/L, respectively). Geothermal sample was noncytotoxic (median lethal concentration [LC50] =2139.30 mg/L), whereas the nongeothermal sample had low cytotoxicity (LC50 = 491.48 mg/L). Taken altogether, geothermal C. odorata leaves contain higher bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azzaki Abubakar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterohepatology Division, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Teaching Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Hanifah Yusuf
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Maimun Syukri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Hypertension Division, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Teaching Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rosnani Nasution
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Rinaldi Idroes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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El Sherif F, AlDayel M, Ismail MB, Alrajeh HS, Younis NS, Khattab S. Bio-Stimulant for Improving Simmondsia chinensis Secondary Metabolite Production, as Well as Antimicrobial Activity and Wound Healing Abilities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3311. [PMID: 37765475 PMCID: PMC10536608 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Simmondsia chinensis is a dioecious, long-lived perennial shrub. Its leaves contain several antioxidant flavonoids that have numerous pharmacological effects. Various strategies have been explored to propagate jojoba with enhanced pharmacological values. This research evaluates the bio-stimulatory impacts of He-Ne laser seed irradiation on seed germination, plantlet growth, and alteration of the composition and bioactivities of phytochemicals in jojoba plants. Jojoba seeds were irradiated for 5, 10, and 15 min before in vitro germination. Germination, growth, and multiplication parameters were recorded during germination, multiple-shoot induction, and rooting stages. The wound healing and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts from plant lines obtained from the non-irradiated (control) and 10 min irradiated seeds were compared by excision wound model in Wistar male rats and zone of inhibition assay. Our study revealed that laser irradiation increased seed germination, with the highest percentage observed in seeds irradiated for 10 min. Plant lines from the 10 min irradiated seeds produced more explants with higher explant heights and numbers of leaves, more roots, and higher photosynthetic pigment contents than those of control and other laser testings. By comparing plant extracts from the control and 10 min treatments, we observed that extracts from the 10 min treatment exhibited higher percentages of wound contraction and shorter epithelialization periods. In addition, these extracts also resulted in higher levels of angiogenesis elements (VEGF, TGF-β1, and HIF-1α) and reduced the inflammation regulators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NFκB) in the experimental rats. In concordance, extracts from the 10 min treatment also explained raised antibacterial activities towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Our findings show that pre-sowing seed treatment with a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) could be a good technique for stimulating S. chinensis plant growth and increasing the impact compound levels and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia El Sherif
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismalia 41522, Egypt
| | - Munirah AlDayel
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Mohammad Bani Ismail
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aqaba Medical Sciences University, Aqaba 77110, Jordan;
| | - Hind Salih Alrajeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Nancy S. Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Salah Khattab
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismalia 41522, Egypt
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Nuchuchua O, Inpan R, Srinuanchai W, Karinchai J, Pitchakarn P, Wongnoppavich A, Imsumran A. Phytosome Supplements for Delivering Gymnema inodorum Phytonutrients to Prevent Inflammation in Macrophages and Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112257. [PMID: 37297501 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gymnema inodorum (GI) is a leafy green vegetable found in the northern region of Thailand. A GI leaf extract has been developed as a dietary supplement for metabolic diabetic control. However, the active compounds in the GI leaf extract are relatively nonpolar. This study aimed to develop phytosome formulations of the GI extract to improve the efficiencies of their phytonutrients in terms of anti-inflammatory and anti-insulin-resistant activities in macrophages and adipocytes, respectively. Our results showed that the phytosomes assisted the GI extract's dispersion in an aqueous solution. The GI phytocompounds were assembled into a phospholipid bilayer membrane as spherical nanoparticles about 160-180 nm in diameter. The structure of the phytosomes allowed phenolic acids, flavonoids and triterpene derivatives to be embedded in the phospholipid membrane. The existence of GI phytochemicals in phytosomes significantly changed the particle's surface charge from neutral to negative within the range of -35 mV to -45 mV. The phytosome delivery system significantly exhibited the anti-inflammatory activity of the GI extract, indicated by the lower production of nitric oxide from inflamed macrophages compared to the non-encapsulated extract. However, the phospholipid component of phytosomes slightly interfered with the anti-insulin-resistant effects of the GI extract by decreasing the glucose uptake activity and increasing the lipid degradation of adipocytes. Altogether, the nano-phytosome is a potent carrier for transporting GI phytochemicals to prevent an early stage of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onanong Nuchuchua
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Ratchanon Inpan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Srinuanchai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Karinchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ariyaphong Wongnoppavich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Arisa Imsumran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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11
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Sajid-ur-Rehman M, Ishtiaq S, Aati HY, Sherif AE, Abbas Khan M, Hussain M, Sohaib Khan M, Ahmed M, Naseem MJ, Khan KUR. Antiarthritic potential of the butanol fraction of Sesuvium sesuvioides: An in vitro, in vivo, and in silico evaluation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1136459. [PMID: 37305547 PMCID: PMC10250616 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1136459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesuvium sesuvioides (Fenzl) Verdc (Aizoaceae) has been traditionally used in the treatment of inflammation, arthritis, and gout. However, its antiarthritic potential has not been evaluated scientifically. The current study was designed to assess the antiarthritic properties of the n-butanol fraction of S. sesuvioides (SsBu) by phytochemical analysis, in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities, and in silico studies. Phytochemical analysis showed total phenolic contents (90.7 ± 3.02 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid contents (23.7 ± 0.69 mg RE/g), and further analysis by GC-MS identified possible bioactive phytocompounds belonging to phenols, flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acids. The in vitro antioxidant potential of SsBu was assessed by DPPH (175.5 ± 7.35 mg TE/g), ABTS (391.6 ± 17.1 mg TE/g), FRAP (418.2 ± 10.8 mg TE/g), CUPRAC (884.8 ± 7.97 mg TE/g), phosphomolybdenum (5.7 ± 0.33 mmol TE/g), and metal chelating activity (9.04 ± 0.58 mg EDTAE/g). Moreover, in the in vitro studies, inhibition (%) of egg albumin and bovine serum albumin denaturation assays showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of SsBu at the dose of 800 μg/ml was comparable to that of diclofenac sodium used as a standard drug. The in vivo antiarthritic activity was assessed to determine the curative impact of SsBu against formalin-induced (dose-dependent significant (p < 0.05) effect 72.2% inhibition at 750 mg/kg compared to standard; 69.1% inhibition) and complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis (40.8%; inhibition compared to standard, 42.3%). SsBu significantly controlled PGE-2 level compared to the control group (p < 0.001) and restored the hematological parameters in rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment with SsBu significantly reduced oxidative stress by reinstating superoxide dismutase, GSH, and malondialdehyde along with pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF-α) in arthritic rats. Molecular docking revealed the antiarthritic role of major identified compounds. Kaempferol-3-rutinoside was found to be more potent for COX-1 (-9.2 kcal/mol) and COX-2 inhibition (-9.9 kcal/mol) than diclofenac sodium (COX-1, -8.0 and COX-2, -6.5 kcal/mol). Out of the 12 docked compounds, two for COX-1 and seven for COX-2 inhibition showed more potent binding than the standard drug. The results from the in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches finally concluded that the n-butanol fraction of S. sesuvioides had antioxidant and antiarthritic potential, which may be due to the presence of potential bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajid-ur-Rehman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of the Punjab, University College of Pharmacy, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hanan Y. Aati
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa E. Sherif
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohsin Abbas Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mussadique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib Khan
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Maqsood Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Naseem
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrueeken, Germany
| | - Kashif-ur-Rehman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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12
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Ebrahimi P, Shokramraji Z, Tavakkoli S, Mihaylova D, Lante A. Chlorophylls as Natural Bioactive Compounds Existing in Food By-Products: A Critical Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1533. [PMID: 37050159 PMCID: PMC10096697 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophylls are a group of naturally occurring pigments that are responsible for the green color in plants. This pigment group could have numerous health benefits due to its high antioxidant activity, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity properties. Many food by-products contain a high level of chlorophyll content. These by-products are discarded and considered environmental pollutants if not used as a source of bioactive compounds. The recovery of chlorophylls from food by-products is an interesting approach for increasing the sustainability of food production. This paper provides insight into the properties of chlorophylls and the effect of different treatments on their stability, and then reviews the latest research on the extraction of chlorophylls from a sustainable perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Ebrahimi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Zahra Shokramraji
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry—TESAF, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (Z.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Setareh Tavakkoli
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture, and Forestry—TESAF, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (Z.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Dasha Mihaylova
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Anna Lante
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell’Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
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13
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Culhuac EB, Maggiolino A, Elghandour MMMY, De Palo P, Salem AZM. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Phytochemicals Found in the Yucca Genus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030574. [PMID: 36978823 PMCID: PMC10044844 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Yucca genus encompasses about 50 species native to North America. Species within the Yucca genus have been used in traditional medicine to treat pathologies related to inflammation. Despite its historical use and the popular notion of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, there is a limited amount of research on this genus. To better understand these properties, this work aimed to analyze phytochemical composition through documentary research. This will provide a better understanding of the molecules and the mechanisms of action that confer such antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. About 92 phytochemicals present within the genus have reported antioxidant or anti-inflammatory effects. It has been suggested that the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are mainly generated through its free radical scavenging activity, the inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism, the decrease in TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α), IL-6 (Interleukin-6), iNOS (Inducible nitric oxide synthase), and IL-1β (Interleukin 1β) concentration, the increase of GPx (Glutathione peroxidase), CAT (Catalase), and SOD (Superoxide dismutase) concentration, and the inhibition of the MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase), and NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa B), and the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor) signaling pathway. These studies provide evidence of its use in traditional medicine against pathologies related to inflammation. However, more models and studies are needed to properly understand the activity of most plants within the genus, its potency, and the feasibility of its use to help manage or treat chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Bahena Culhuac
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Aristide Maggiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.Z.M.S.)
| | - Mona M. M. Y. Elghandour
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Pasquale De Palo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari A. Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (A.Z.M.S.)
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14
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Wang YT, Lu K, Yao DD, Zhang SX, Chen G. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of Forsythiaside B on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 645:55-60. [PMID: 36680937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is frequently reported in clinical practice. Therefore, it is important to identify effective therapy to relieve pain. In this work, we selected Forsythoside B (FB), a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, to evaluate its effect in modulating inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and the involved mechanisms. We discovered that FB could attenuate inflammatory pain triggered by CFA injection and exert anti-anxiety effects. In detail, proinflammatory cytokines, consisting of IL-6 and TNF-α, were decreased after FB administration in the CFA-injected mice. Furthermore, the FB application ameliorated the activation of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), the microglia and astrocytes markers respectively. Therefore, our findings indicate that FB could be a promising treatment for chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Xia Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Natural Inhibitors of P-glycoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044140. [PMID: 36835550 PMCID: PMC9962603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains an insidious neoplasm due to the percentage of patients who develop resistance to both classic chemotherapy and emerging drugs. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a complex process determined by multiple mechanisms, and it is often caused by the overexpression of efflux pumps, the most important of which is P-glycoprotein (P-gp). This mini-review aims to examine the advantages of using natural substances as P-gp inhibitors, focusing on four molecules: phytol, curcumin, lupeol, and heptacosane, and their mechanism of action in AML.
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16
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Olofinsan K, Olawale F, Karigidi K, Shityakov S, Iwaloye O. Probing the bioactive compounds of Kigelia africana as novel inhibitors of TNF-α converting enzyme using HPLC/GCMS analysis, FTIR and molecular modelling. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12838-12862. [PMID: 36688375 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2168758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Converting Enzyme (TACE) mediates inflammatory disorder and contributes to the pathophysiology of a variety of illnesses, such as chronic inflammation and cancer. This study identified metabolites in solvent extracts of Kigelia africana as putative TACE inhibitors due to the plant's known anti-inflammatory properties. HPLC-MS/GCMS analysis was used to characterize tentative phytochemicals from K. africana. The identified metabolites (n = 123) were docked with TACE to reveal the lead compounds. Binding free energy, ADMET prediction, molecular dynamics simulation at 100 ns, and DFT calculation were further conducted. The results revealed that K. africana contains sterol, phenols, alkaloids, terpenes and flavonoids. The FTIR shows that the extracts had peaks that correspond to the presence of different functional groups. The quantum polarized ligand docking (QPLD) analysis identified compound (n = 3) with binding affinity higher than standard compound IK-682. The hits also had modest ADMET profiles, interacted with essential residues within TACE binding pockets, and formed stable complexes with the protein. The 100 ns MD simulation shows that the compounds formed fairly stable interactions and complex with the protein as evidenced through RMSF, RMSD and MM-GBA results. The HOMO/LUMO, global descriptive molecular electrostatic potential Fukui function aid in the identification of the compounds' atomic sites prone to electrophilic/neutrophilic attacks, and non-covalent interactions. This study suggests that K. africana's bioactive compounds are capable of mitigating inflammation by inhibiting TACE.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Femi Olawale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kayode Karigidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Igbanran, Nigeria
| | - Sergey Shityakov
- Laboratory of Chemoinformatics, Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
- Teady Bioscience Research Laboratory, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Ema RS, Kabir Zihad SMN, Islam MN, Sifat N, Rouf R, Shilpi JA, Uddin SJ. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory activity and metabolite profiling of the methanolic extract of Callicarpa arborea Roxb. leaves. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115757. [PMID: 36167233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Callicarpa arborea Roxb. is widely used as traditional medicine especially by the tribal people of Bangladesh in the management of wide range of ailments. In addition to Bangladesh, the leaves of this plant is utilized as a remedy to various painful and inflammatory conditions including rheumatism, toothache and stomachache in other countries of Indian subcontinent. AIM OF THE STUDY Depending on the ethnomedicinal uses, we undertook this study to investigate the in-vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of C. arborea Roxb. leaves in Swiss albino mice as well as its chemical composition. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the analgesic activity of Callicarpa arborea Roxb. leaves by the acetic acid induced writhing test, the hot plate test, and the formalin test. We undertook the egg albumin induced paw edema test to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the plant. Furthermore, we conducted the phytochemical profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS In acute toxicity test, no mortality was observed at the highest dose of 2000 mg/kg b.w. Significant (p < 0.005) inhibition of acetic acid induced writhing was observed at both doses of the extract. A dose dependent increase in the response time was seen in the hot-plate test. In the formalin test, the extract significantly inhibited pain response in both early and late phase. We observed marked anti-inflammatory activity manifested by a significant (p < 0.005) reduction in egg albumin induced paw edema. We identified a total of twenty one compounds in the extract of by GC-MS analysis. CONCLUSION Taken all into consideration we conclude that the leaves of C. arborea Roxb. possesses potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity, thus justifying its's ethnomedicinal use against painful and inflammatory pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Md Naharul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
| | - Nazifa Sifat
- Department of Pharmacy, ASA University Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Razina Rouf
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Jamil A Shilpi
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh.
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Don TM, Ma CH, Huang YC. In Situ Release of Ulvan from Crosslinked Ulvan/Chitosan Complex Films and Their Evaluation as Wound Dressings. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245382. [PMID: 36559749 PMCID: PMC9786826 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When a wound forms due to any injuries, it should be covered with a functional wound dressing for accelerating wound healing and reducing infection. In this study, crosslinked ulvan/chitosan complex films were prepared with or without the addition of glycerol and chlorophyll, and their wound healing properties were evaluated for potential application in wound dressing. The results showed that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the prepared ulvan/chitosan complex films were 2.23-2.48 MPa and 83.8-108.5%, respectively. Moreover, their water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) were in the range of 1791-2029 g/m2-day, providing suitable environment for wound healing. Particularly, these complex films could release ulvan in situ in a short time, and the film with chlorophyll added had the highest release rate, reaching 62.8% after 20 min of releasing. In vitro studies showed that they were biocompatible toward NIH 3T3 and HaCaT cells, and promoted the migration of NIH 3T3 cells. These complex films could protect HaCaT cells from oxidative damage and reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS); the addition of chlorophyll also effectively reduced the inflammatory response induced by LPS as found in the reduction in both NO and IL-6. Animal models showed that the complex films added with glycerol and chlorophyll could promote wound healing in the early stage, while accelerating the regeneration of dermal glands and collagen production. Briefly, these ulvan/chitosan complex films had good physiochemical properties and biological activity, and could accelerate wound healing both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trong-Ming Don
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, No. 151 Yingzhuan Rd., New Taipei City 251301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-M.D.); (Y.-C.H.)
| | - Chen-Han Ma
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2 Beining Rd., Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Huang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, No. 2 Beining Rd., Keelung City 20224, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-M.D.); (Y.-C.H.)
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Dos Santos Nascimento IJ, da Silva-Júnior EF. TNF-α Inhibitors from Natural Compounds: An Overview, CADD Approaches, and their Exploration for Anti-inflammatory Agents. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2022; 25:2317-2340. [PMID: 34269666 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210715165943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural process that occurs in the organism in response to harmful external agents. Despite being considered beneficial, exaggerated cases can cause severe problems for the body. The main inflammatory manifestations are pain, increased temperature, edema, decreased mobility, and quality of life for affected individuals. Diseases such as arthritis, cancer, allergies, infections, arteriosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic problems are mainly characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory response. Inflammation is related to two categories of substances: pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Among the pro-inflammatory mediators is Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α). It is associated with immune diseases, cancer, and psychiatric disorders which increase its excretion. Thus, it becomes a target widely used in discovering new antiinflammatory drugs. In this context, secondary metabolites biosynthesized by plants have been used for thousands of years and continue to be one of the primary sources of new drug scaffolds against inflammatory diseases. To decrease costs related to the drug discovery process, Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) techniques are broadly explored to increase the chances of success. In this review, the main natural compounds derived from alkaloids, flavonoids, terpene, and polyphenols as promising TNF-α inhibitors will be discussed. Finally, we applied a molecular modeling protocol involving all compounds described here, suggesting that their interactions with Tyr59, Tyr119, Tyr151, Leu57, and Gly121 residues are essential for the activity. Such findings can be useful for research groups worldwide to design new anti-inflammatory TNF-α inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
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20
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Sun H, Wang M, Su T, Guo P, Tai Y, Cheng H, Zhu Z, Jiang C, Yan S, Wei W, Zhang L, Wang Q. Ziyuglycoside I attenuates collagen-induced arthritis through inhibiting plasma cell expansion. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115348. [PMID: 35533910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOBOTANICAL RELEVANCE With most of the anti-rheumatic drugs having severe adverse drug reactions and poor tolerance, the active components from natural herbs provides a repository for novel, safe, and effective drug development. Sanguisorba officinalis L. exhibits definite anti-inflammatory capacity, however, whether it has anti-rheumatic effects has not been revealed. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, the effect of Ziyuglycoside I (Ziyu I), one of the most important active components in Sanguisorba officinalis L., was investigated in treating collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), illuminating its potential pharmacological mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS CIA mice were treated with 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of Ziyu I or 2 mg/kg of MTX, and clinical manifestations as well as pathological changes were observed. T and B cell viability was determined using cell counting kit-8, plasma autoantibodies and cytokines were tested with ELISA, T and B cell subsets were identified by flow cytometry, Blimp1 expression was detected by RT-qPCR and in situ immunofluorescence. The expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) was detected by immunohistochemistry. ERK activation in B cells was verified through western blotting and immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, bioinformatics retrieval and molecular docking/molecular dynamics were used to predict the relationship between Blimp1, ERK and Ziyu I with the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of Ziyu I being evaluated in the ADMETlab Web platform. RESULTS Ziyu I treatment effectively alleviated the joint inflammatory manifestation including arthritis index, global scores, swollen joint count and body weight of CIA mice. It improved the pathological changes of joint and spleen of arthritic mice, especially in germinal center formation. Ziyu I displayed a moderate regulatory effect on T cell activation, the percentage of total T and helper T cells, and tumor necrosis factor-α, but transforming growth factor-β was not restored. Increased spleen index, B cell viability and plasma auto-antibody production in CIA mice were significantly reduced by Ziyu I therapy. Of note, we found that Ziyu I administration substantially inhibited the excessive expansion of plasma cells in spleen through preventing the expression of B lymphocyte induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp1) and AID in B cells. Ziyu I was predicted in silico to directly interact with ERK2, and reduce ERK2 activation, contributing to the depressed expression of Blimp1. Moreover, Ziyu I was predicted to have a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and low toxicity. CONCLUSION Ziyu I effectively ameliorates CIA in mice by inhibiting plasma cell generation through prevention of ERK2-mediated Blimp1 expression in B cells. Therefore, Ziyu I is a promising candidate for anti-arthritic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Sun
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Manman Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Tiantian Su
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Paipai Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Yu Tai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Huijuan Cheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Zhenduo Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Chunru Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Shangxue Yan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China.
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China.
| | - Qingtong Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230032, China.
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21
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Claro-Cala CM, Grao-Cruces E, Toscano R, Millan-Linares MC, Montserrat-de la Paz S, Martin ME. Acyclic Diterpene Phytol from Hemp Seed Oil ( Cannabis sativa L.) Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Activity on Primary Human Monocytes-Macrophages. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152366. [PMID: 35954130 PMCID: PMC9367727 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Seeds from non-drug varieties of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) have been used for traditional medicine, food, and fiber production. Our study shows that phytol obtained from hemp seed oil (HSO) exerts anti-inflammatory activity in human monocyte-macrophages. Fresh human monocytes and human macrophages derived from circulating monocytes were used to evaluate both plasticity and anti-inflammatory effects of phytol from HSO at 10–100 mM using FACS analysis, ELISA, and RT-qPCR methods. The quantitative study of the acyclic alcohol fraction isolated from HSO shows that phytol is the most abundant component (167.59 ± 1.81 mg/Kg of HSO). Phytol was able to skew monocyte-macrophage plasticity toward the anti-inflammatory non-classical CD14+CD16++ monocyte phenotype and toward macrophage M2 (CD200Rhigh and MRC-1high), as well as to reduce the production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, diminishing the inflammatory competence of mature human macrophages after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. These findings point out for the first time the reprogramming and anti-inflammatory activity of phytol in human monocyte-macrophages. In addition, our study may help to understand the mechanisms by which phytol from HSO contributes to the constant and progressive plasticity of the human monocyte-macrophage linage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M. Claro-Cala
- Department of Pharmacology, Pediatric and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954556083
| | - Elena Grao-Cruces
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Rocio Toscano
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria C. Millan-Linares
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Sanchez Pizjuan s/n, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Maria E. Martin
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain
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22
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Alves ALV, da Silva LS, Faleiros CA, Silva VAO, Reis RM. The Role of Ingenane Diterpenes in Cancer Therapy: From Bioactive Secondary Compounds to Small Molecules. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenes are a class of critical taxonomic markers of the Euphorbiaceae family, representing small compounds (eg, molecules) with a wide range of biological activities and multi-target therapeutic potential. Diterpenes can exert different activities, including antitumor and multi-drug resistance-reversing activities, and antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, mainly due to their great structural diversity. In particular, one polycyclic skeleton has been highlighted: ingenane. Besides this natural diterpene, promising polycyclic skeletons may be submitted to chemical modification—by in silico approaches, chemical reactions, or biotransformation—putatively providing more active analogs (eg, ingenol derivatives), which are currently under pre-clinical investigation. This review outlines the current mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic implications of ingenol diterpenes as small cancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura V. Alves
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Luciane S. da Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Camila A. Faleiros
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Viviane A. O. Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui M. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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23
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Heimfarth L, Rezende MM, Pereira EWM, Passos FRS, Monteiro BS, Santos TKB, Lima NT, Souza ICL, de Albuquerque Junior RLC, de Souza Siqueira Lima P, de Souza Araújo AA, Quintans Júnior LJ, Kim B, Coutinho HDM, de Souza Siqueira Quintans J. Pharmacological effects of a complex α-bisabolol/β-cyclodextrin in a mice arthritis model with involvement of IL-1β, IL-6 and MAPK. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113142. [PMID: 35623175 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis is the most prevalent chronic inflammatory disease worldwide. The pathology of the disease is characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress, which leads to chronic pain and functional loss in the joints. Conventional anti-arthritic drugs used to relieve pain and other arthritic symptoms often cause severe side effects. α-bisabolol (BIS) is a sesquiterpene that exhibits high anti-inflammatory potential and a significant antinociceptive effect. This study evaluates the anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory and antihyperalgesic effects of BIS alone and in a β-cyclodextrin (βCD/BIS) inclusion complex in a CFA-induced arthritis model. Following the intra-articular administration of CFA, male mice were treated with vehicle, BIS and βCD/BIS (50 mg/kg, p.o.) or a positive control and pain-related behaviors, knee edema and inflammatory and oxidative parameters were evaluated on days 4, 11, 18 and/or 25. Ours findings shows that the oral administration of BIS and βCD/BIS significantly attenuated spontaneous pain-like behaviors, mechanical hyperalgesia, grip strength deficit and knee edema induced by repeated injections of CFA, reducing the joint pain and functional disability associated with arthritis. BIS and βCD/BIS also inhibited the generation of inflammatory and oxidative markers in the knee and blocked MAPK in the spinal cord. In addition, ours results also showed that the incorporation of BIS in cyclodextrin as a drug delivery system improved the pharmacological profile of this substance. Therefore, these results contribute to the pharmacological knowledge of BIS and demonstrated that this terpene appears to be able to mitigate deleterious symptoms of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Heimfarth
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Marília Matos Rezende
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Erik Willyame Menezes Pereira
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Brenda Souza Monteiro
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Tiffany Karoline Barroso Santos
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Natália Teles Lima
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Isana Carla Leal Souza
- Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Research and Technology Institute, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Pollyana de Souza Siqueira Lima
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | | | - Lucindo José Quintans Júnior
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri - URCA, Crato, Brazil.
| | - Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
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24
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Woon CK, Hui WK, Abas R, Haron MH, Das S, Lin TS. Natural Product-based Nanomedicine: Recent Advances and Issues for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1498-1518. [PMID: 34923947 PMCID: PMC9881085 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666211217163540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects the elderly and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration caused by different pathologies. The most significant challenges in treating AD include the inability of medications to reach the brain because of its poor solubility, low bioavailability, and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, current evidence suggests the disruption of BBB plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. One of the critical challenges in treating AD is the ineffective treatments and their severe adverse effects. Nanotechnology offers an alternative approach to facilitate the treatment of AD by overcoming the challenges in drug transport across the BBB. Various nanoparticles (NP) loaded with natural products were reported to aid in drug delivery for the treatment of AD. The nano-sized entities of NP are great platforms for incorporating active materials from natural products into formulations that can be delivered effectively to the intended action site without compromising the material's bioactivity. The review highlights the applications of medicinal plants, their derived components, and various nanomedicinebased approaches for the treatment of AD. The combination of medicinal plants and nanotechnology may lead to new theragnostic solutions for the treatment of AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choy Ker Woon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wong Kah Hui
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Razif Abas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Huzaimi Haron
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Teoh Seong Lin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Tel: +603-91458635; E-mail:
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25
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Al-Sarayreh AZ, Khleifat KM, Al-Dalain SM, Al-Saraireh YM, Al-Qaisi YT, Al-Farrayeh II, Al-Qaraleh SY. Globularia arabica methanolic leaf extract has higher efficacy on burn wound healing in diabetic rats compared to Malva slyvestries methanolic leaf extract. J Burn Care Res 2022; 44:563-572. [PMID: 35751855 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to see how effective Globulari. arabica and Malva. slyvestries-based cream formulations were at healing scald burn wounds in rats. Depending on ointment preparations of 1%, 5%, and 10% w/w were created. For comparison, an ointment base and a regular burn cream composed soframycine were utilized. Rats introduced a burn by solidifying equipment at 100°C on a 14 mm 2 shaved dorsal region. A deep second-degree burn was created, and the percentage of wound contraction was measured over the next 15 days. The rats were euthanized on days 8 and 15, and histological slides were prepared using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Compared to the control group, a substantial increase in wound contraction and a significant decrease in the duration of epithelialization in the based ointment-treated groups. However, as paralleled to Globularia arabica, significant (P < 0.05) results were observed with 10% Globularia. arabica cream, whereas Malva. slyverstries indicate minimal healing. Soframycine causes a substantial increase in wound contraction (P <0.05). Soframycine cream with 10% Globularia arabica therapy resulted in practically complete re-epithelialization and re-structuring of wound tissue on histological examination, whereas Malva slyversries treatment resulted in low epithelization during treatment days. The findings suggest that Globularia arabica-based cream has the wound-healing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaled M Khleifat
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sa'ed M Al-Dalain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mutah, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Yousef M Al-Saraireh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mutah, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Yaseen T Al-Qaisi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mutah University,Al- Karak, Jordan
| | | | - Samer Y Al-Qaraleh
- Department of Basic Science , Faculty of Medicine, University of Mutah, Al-Karak, Jordan
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26
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Tao W, Yue X, Ye R, Nabi F, Shang Y, Zhu Z, Ahmed BZ, Liu J. Hepatoprotective Effect of the Penthorum Chinense Pursh Extract against the CCl 4-Induced Acute Liver Injury via NF-κB and p38-MAPK PATHWAYS in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12050569. [PMID: 35268138 PMCID: PMC8909057 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI), manifested by acute hepatocellular damages and necrosis, is a life-threatening clinical syndrome and Penthorum Chinense Pursh (PCP) is a well-known folk medicine practiced for liver-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of PCP extract (PCPE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced ALI in dogs via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Healthy dogs were induced by CCl4 and treated with different dosage regimes of PCPE for 7 days. CCl4 produced acute liver injury and induced both oxidative stress and an inflammatory response in dogs. The PCPE significantly ameliorated and improved vacuolar inflammatory lesions in liver tissues during ALI, enhanced activity of superoxide dismutase, and restored glutathione peroxidase, further significantly reducing the indices of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in serum. Inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were declined and anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10) were increased by the application of PCPE. PCPE treatment, down-regulated the MEKK4, MKK3, p38MAPK, MSK1, and NF-κB, and upregulated the IkB mRNA levels (p < 0.01) in ALI affected dogs. In conclusion, PCPE repaired acute liver injury by improving antioxidant enzymes and by reducing oxidation products. Furthermore, the PCPE inhibited the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which resulted in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on ALI-induced dogs. In the future, PCPE could be a useful ethnomedicine in veterinary clinical practices for the treatment of liver injuries or failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilai Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xin Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ruiling Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Fazul Nabi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yangfei Shang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhaorong Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
- Chinese Veterinary Herbal Drugs Innovation Research Lab, University Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center in Chongqing, Chongqing 402460, China
- Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Bhutto Zohaib Ahmed
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water, and Marine Sciences, Uthal 90150, Pakistan;
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; (W.T.); (X.Y.); (R.Y.); (F.N.); (Y.S.); (Z.Z.)
- Chinese Veterinary Herbal Drugs Innovation Research Lab, University Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center in Chongqing, Chongqing 402460, China
- Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- Correspondence:
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27
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Rao Z, Zeng J, Li X, Peng L, Wang B, Luan F, Zeng N. JFNE-A isolated from Jing-Fang n-butanol extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and the NF-κB signaling pathway via promotion of autophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153891. [PMID: 35026506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jing-Fang powder consists of Jingjie (Nepeta tenuifolia Benth, (Lamiaceae)). and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk, (Apiaceae)) Previous studies have revealed that the Jing-Fang powder n-butanol extract (JFNE) has anti-acute lung injury (ALI) and anti-inflammatory properties; however, the active ingredient and mechanism remain unknown. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of a bioactive fraction obtained from JFNE(JFNE-A) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and explored the underlying mechanism. STUDY DESIGN The anti-acute lung injury effect and mechanism of JFNE-A was investigated by prophylactic administration of JFNE-A in mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury. METHODS The expression levels of myeloperoxidase(MPO) in lung tissues of mice and interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-5, interferon (IFN)-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and MIP-1β in bronchi alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by reagent kit and the histological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) for general histopathological conditions under a light microscope. In addition, the ultrastructure of the cells in lung tissues were observed and photographed under a transmission electron microscope. The expression levels of protein were detected via Western blotting and the mRNA expression of relative genes were determined of via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). What's more, we also further clarified the potential targets of JFNE-A through network pharmacology analysis, which could be utilized in ALI treatment. RESULTS Our results showed that pretreatment with JFNE-A for 7 days significantly reduced the lung pathological injury score, alleviated pulmonary edema, and decreased the lung tissue MPO level. Mechanistically, JFNE-A dramatically downregulated the protein levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, M-CSF, and IFN-γ in BALF and mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in lung tissues. JFNE-A also significantly lowered the protein levels of iNOS and phosphorylated NF-κB (p65) and mRNA expression levels of iNOS, Rela, CHUK, and NF-κB1, and also elevated the protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD1 and the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, Hmox1, and Keap-1 in the lungs. Moreover, JFNE-A significantly decreased the protein expression of p62 and increased the ratio of LC3II/LC3I. It also upregulated the mRNA expression levels of Atg5 and Beclin-1, whereas it reduced the mRNA expression level of SQSTM1 and increased autophagosome structures. CONCLUSION Overall, treatment with JFNE-A ameliorated LPS-induced ALI in mice by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathways and promoting Nrf2 signaling pathways by accelerating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Lixia Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Baojun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
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Pereira EWM, Heimfarth L, Santos TK, Passos FRS, Siqueira-Lima P, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Almeida JRGDS, Campos AR, Coutinho HDM, Martin P, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Quintans JSS. Limonene, a citrus monoterpene, non-complexed and complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin attenuates acute and chronic orofacial nociception in rodents: Evidence for involvement of the PKA and PKC pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153893. [PMID: 35026511 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic orofacial pain is a serious public health problem with a prevalence of 7-11% in the population. This disorder has different etiologies and characteristics that make pharmacological treatment difficult. Natural products have been shown to be a promising source of treatments for the management of chronic pain, as an example the terpenes. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of one of these terpenes, d-limonene (LIM - a common monoterpene found in citrus fruits) alone and complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (LIM/HPβCD) in preclinical animal models. METHODS Orofacial pain was induced by the administration of hypertonic saline on the corneal surface, the injection of formalin into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), or chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-IoN). The study used male Wistar rats and Swiss mice treated with LIM (50 mg/kg), LIM/HPβCD (50 mg/kg), vehicle (control), gabapentin or morphine, and eyes wiping (induced by hypertonic saline), face rubbing (formalin-induced in TMJ) or mechanical hyperalgesia (provoked by CCI-IoN) were assessed. Additionally, ELISA was used to measure TNF-α, and western blot analysis to assess levels of PKAcα, NFκB, p38MAPK and phosphorylated PKC substrates. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transferase (ALT) were also evaluated. RESULTS LIM and LIM/HPβCD significantly reduced (p < 0.001) corneal nociception and formalin-induced TMJ nociception. In addition, both substances attenuated (p < 0.001) mechanical hyperalgesia in the CCI-IoN model. The antinociceptive effect induced by LIM and HPβCD/LIM was associated with decreased TNF-α levels, downregulation of the NFκB and p38MAPK signalling pathways and reduced PKC substrate phosphorylation and PKA immunocontent. Moreover, the results demonstrated that complexation with HPβCD was able to decrease the therapeutic dose of LIM. CONCLUSION LIM was found to be a promising molecule for the treatment of orofacial pain due to its capacity to modulate some important mediators essential to the establishment of pain, and HPβCD can be a key tool to improve the profile of LIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik W M Pereira
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Tiffany Kb Santos
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Fabiolla R S Passos
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Adriana R Campos
- Experimental Biology Centre (NUBEX). University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Patrick Martin
- Univ Artois, UniLaSalle, Unité Transformations & Agroressources, Béthune, France
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
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The Effect of C-Phycocyanin on Microglia Activation Is Mediated by Toll-like Receptor 4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031440. [PMID: 35163363 PMCID: PMC8836248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The blue-green alga Spirulina platensis is rich in phycocyanins, that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological actions. C-phycocyanin (C-PC), in particular, possesses hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Furthermore, several studies have reported both anti- and proinflammatory properties of this pigment. However, the precise mechanism(s) of action of C-PC in these processes remain largely unknown. Therefore, here we explored the C-PC effect in in vitro microglia activation. The effect of C-PC on the expression and release of IL-1β and TNF-α and the activation of NF-κB was examined in primary microglia by real-time PCR, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. Treatment with C-PC up-regulated the expression and release of IL-1β and TNF-α. C-PC also promoted the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB transcription factor. Then, to elucidate the molecular mechanisms for the immunoregulatory function of C-PC, we focused on investigating the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Accordingly, several TLR4 inhibitors have been used. Curcumin, ciprofloxacin, L48H37, and CLI-095 that suppresses specifically TLR4 signaling, blocked IL-1β and TNF-α. Overall, these results indicate the immunomodulatory effect of C-PC in microglia cultures and show for the first time that the molecular mechanism implicated in this effect may involve TLR4 activation.
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JUNG EP, ALVES RC, ROCHA WFDC, MONTEIRO SDS, RIBEIRO LDO, MOREIRA RFA. Chemical profile of the volatile fraction of Bauhinia forficata leaves: an evaluation of commercial and in natura samples. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.34122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Przytyk JUNG
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, Brasil; Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Ruchawapol C, Yuan M, Wang SM, Fu WW, Xu HX. Natural Products and Their Derivatives against Human Herpesvirus Infection. Molecules 2021; 26:6290. [PMID: 34684870 PMCID: PMC8541008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herpesviruses establish long-term latent infection for the life of the host and are known to cause numerous diseases. The prevalence of viral infection is significantly increased and causes a worldwide challenge in terms of health issues due to drug resistance. Prolonged treatment with conventional antiviral drugs is more likely to develop drug-resistant strains due to mutations of thymidine nucleoside kinase or DNA polymerase. Hence, the development of alternative treatments is clearly required. Natural products and their derivatives have played a significant role in treating herpesvirus infection rather than nucleoside analogs in drug-resistant strains with minimal undesirable effects and different mechanisms of action. Numerous plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria-derived compounds have been proved to be efficient and safe for treating human herpesvirus infection. This review covers the natural antiherpetic agents with the chemical structural class of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, anthraquinones, anthracyclines, and miscellaneous compounds, and their antiviral mechanisms have been summarized. This review would be helpful to get a better grasp of anti-herpesvirus activity of natural products and their derivatives, and to evaluate the feasibility of natural compounds as an alternative therapy against herpesvirus infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chattarin Ruchawapol
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cai Lun Lu 1200, Shanghai 201203, China; (C.R.); (M.Y.); (S.-M.W.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Man Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cai Lun Lu 1200, Shanghai 201203, China; (C.R.); (M.Y.); (S.-M.W.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Si-Min Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cai Lun Lu 1200, Shanghai 201203, China; (C.R.); (M.Y.); (S.-M.W.)
| | - Wen-Wei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cai Lun Lu 1200, Shanghai 201203, China; (C.R.); (M.Y.); (S.-M.W.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cai Lun Lu 1200, Shanghai 201203, China; (C.R.); (M.Y.); (S.-M.W.)
- Engineering Research Centre of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai 201203, China
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Sahukari R, Punabaka J, Bhasha S, Ganjikunta VS, Kondeti Ramudu S, Kesireddy SR, Ye W, Korivi M. Phytochemical Profile, Free Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Acalypha Indica Root Extract: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206251. [PMID: 34684831 PMCID: PMC8537703 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In our in vitro and in vivo studies, we used Acalypha indica root methanolic extract (AIRME), and investigated their free radical scavenging/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Primarily, phytochemical analysis showed rich content of phenols (70.92 mg of gallic acid/g) and flavonoids (16.01 mg of rutin/g) in AIRME. We then performed HR-LC-MS and GC-MS analyses, and identified 101 and 14 phytochemical compounds, respectively. Among them, ramipril glucuronide (1.563%), antimycin A (1.324%), swietenine (1.134%), quinone (1.152%), oxprenolol (1.118%), choline (0.847%), bumetanide (0.847%) and fenofibrate (0.711%) are the predominant phytomolecules. Evidence from in vitro studies revealed that AIRME scavenges DPPH and hydroxyl radicals in a concentration dependent manner (10–50 μg/mL). Similarly, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation were also remarkably inhibited by AIRME as concentration increases (20–100 μg/mL). In vitro antioxidant activity of AIRME was comparable to ascorbic acid treatment. For in vivo studies, carrageenan (1%, sub-plantar) was injected to rats to induce localized inflammation. Acute inflammation was represented by paw-edema, and significantly elevated (p < 0.05) WBC, platelets and C-reactive protein (CRP). However, AIRME pretreatment (150/300 mg/kg bodyweight) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased edema volume. This was accompanied by a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of WBC, platelets and CRP with both doses of AIRME. The decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in paw tissue were restored (p < 0.05 / p < 0.01) with AIRME in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AIRME attenuated carrageenan-induced neutrophil infiltrations and vascular dilation in paw tissue. For the first time, our findings demonstrated the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of AIRME, which could be considered to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sahukari
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; (R.S.); (J.P.); (S.B.); (V.S.G.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Jyothi Punabaka
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; (R.S.); (J.P.); (S.B.); (V.S.G.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Shanmugam Bhasha
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; (R.S.); (J.P.); (S.B.); (V.S.G.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Venkata Subbaiah Ganjikunta
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; (R.S.); (J.P.); (S.B.); (V.S.G.); (S.R.K.)
| | | | - Sathyavelu Reddy Kesireddy
- Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, India; (R.S.); (J.P.); (S.B.); (V.S.G.); (S.R.K.)
| | - Weibing Ye
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (M.K.); Tel.: +86-579-8229-1009 (W.Y. & M.K.)
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Exercise and Metabolism Research Center, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (M.K.); Tel.: +86-579-8229-1009 (W.Y. & M.K.)
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Cannabidiol modulation of oxidative stress and signalling. Neuronal Signal 2021; 5:NS20200080. [PMID: 34497718 PMCID: PMC8385185 DOI: 10.1042/ns20200080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), one of the primary non-euphoric components in the Cannabis sativa L. plant, has undergone clinical development over the last number of years as a therapeutic for patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndromes. This phytocannabinoid demonstrates functional and pharmacological diversity, and research data indicate that CBD is a comparable antioxidant to common antioxidants. This review gathers the latest knowledge regarding the impact of CBD on oxidative signalling, with focus on the proclivity of CBD to regulate antioxidants and control the production of reactive oxygen species. CBD is considered an attractive therapeutic agent for neuroimmune disorders, and a body of literature indicates that CBD can regulate redox function at multiple levels, with a range of downstream effects on cells and tissues. However, pro-oxidant capacity of CBD has also been reported, and hence caution must be applied when considering CBD from a therapeutic standpoint. Such pro- and antioxidant functions of CBD may be cell- and model-dependent and may also be influenced by CBD dose, the duration of CBD treatment and the underlying pathology.
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Heimfarth L, Nascimento LDS, Amazonas da Silva MDJ, Lucca Junior WD, Lima ES, Quintans-Junior LJ, Veiga-Junior VFD. Neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of pectolinarigenin, a flavonoid from Amazonian Aegiphila integrifolia (Jacq.), against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in astrocytes via NFκB and MAPK pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112538. [PMID: 34500010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Regardless of the underlying cause, neuroinflammation is the greatest risk factor for developing any of these disorders. Pectolinarigenin (PNG) is an active flavonoid with several biological properties, anti-metastatic and anti-inflammatory activity. This study investigate the biological effects of PNG in macrophage and astrocyte cultures, with focus on elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in the PNG activity. J774A.1 murine macrophage or cerebral cortex primary astrocytes primary cultures were treated with different concentration of PNG (1-160 μM) and the inflammatory process was stimulated by LPS (1 μg/ml) and the effect of PNG in different inflammatory markers were determined. PNG did not affect astrocyte or macrophage viability. Moreover, this flavonoid reduced NO• release in macrophages, attenuated astrocyte activation by preventing the overexpression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, and decreased the release of inflammatory mediators, IL-1β and IL-6 induced by LPS by the glial cell, as well as enhanced basal levels of IL-10. In addition, PNG suppressed NFκB, p38MAPK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in astrocytes culture induced by LPS. The results show clear evidence that this novel flavonoid protects astrocytes against LPS-induced inflammatory toxicity. In conclusion, PNG presents neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory property through the inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Evaluation of Mouthwash Containing Citrus hystrix DC., Moringa oleifera Lam. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Leaf Extracts on Dental Plaque and Gingivitis. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061153. [PMID: 34204096 PMCID: PMC8226465 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Oral hygiene and control of microbial plaque biofilm formation are effective methods for preventing gingivitis. Mouthwashes containing leaf extracts of the medicinal plants Citrus hystrix DC. (KL), Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO) and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (NE) were assessed for oral healthcare and gingivitis adjunctive treatment. Three types of mouthwash were developed; KL, a combination of KL and MO (KL + MO), and a combination of KL, and NE (KL + NE). The mouthwashes were tested in vivo on 47 subjects with gingivitis who were allocated into five groups as (i) placebo, (ii) KL, (iii) KL + MO, (iv) KL + NE, and (v) 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX). Participants were instructed to rinse with herbal mouthwash twice daily for two weeks. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and oral microbial colonies were measured at baseline and 15 days. Results showed that GI and PI of groups (ii)–(iv) significantly decreased over the placebo group, while accumulative reduction percentages of both Staphylococcus spp. and Candida spp. were found in groups (iii) and (iv). Findings indicated that the herbal mouthwashes reduced GI and PI, and showed potential as oral healthcare products.
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Vasconcelos CC, Lopes AJO, de Jesus Garcia Ataide E, Carvalho KWP, de Brito MFF, Rodrigues MS, de Morais SV, Silva GEB, da Rocha CQ, Garcia JBS, de Sousa Cartágenes MDS. Arrabidaea chica Verlot fractions reduce MIA-induced osteoarthritis progression in rat knees. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:735-752. [PMID: 33881683 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions obtained from Arrabidaea chica Verlot against MIA-induced osteoarthritis (OA). The antinociceptive potentials of each fraction were evaluated through a cyclooxygenase (COX) 1 and 2 inhibition test and an in vivo OA-model. In addition, toxicity assessments in the liver, spleen and kidney, as well as radiographic and histopathological knee analyses, were performed. The chemical composition of the n-hexane fraction was elucidated, and a molecular docking protocol was carried out to identify which compounds are associated with the detected bioactivity. The n-hexane A. chica fraction preferentially inhibits COX-2, with 90% inhibition observed at 10 µg/mL. The fractions also produced significant improvements in OA incapacity, motor activity and hyperalgesia parameters and in radiological knee conditions. However, concerning the histopathological evaluations, these improvements were only significant in the hexane and ethyl acetate fraction treatments, which resulted in better average scores, suggesting that these fractions slow OA-promoted joint injury progression. Histopathological organ analyses indicate that the fractions are not toxic to animals. Twenty compounds were identified in the n-hexane fraction, comprising fatty acids, terpenes and phytosterols. In silico analyses indicate the presence of favourable interactions between some of the identified compounds and the COX-2 enzyme, mainly concerning alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E), squalene and beta-sitosterol. The findings indicate that A. chica fractions display analgesic, anti-inflammatory properties, are non-toxic and are able to slow OA progression, and may, therefore, be prioritized as natural products in OA human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleydlenne Costa Vasconcelos
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil.
| | - Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Emilly de Jesus Garcia Ataide
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Kevin Waquim Pessoa Carvalho
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil
| | | | - Marineide Sodré Rodrigues
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Vieira de Morais
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil
| | - Gyl Eanes Barros Silva
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil.,Hospital Universitário Presidente Dutra, HUPD, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | - João Batista Santos Garcia
- Biological and Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Maranhão, Av. dos Portugueses 1966, São Luís, MA, 65085-580, Brazil
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Wheatgrass inhibits the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory effect in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:116-127. [PMID: 34345856 PMCID: PMC8320646 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheatgrass extract inhibits production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species. Wheatgrass extract inhibits production of pro-inflammatory and inflammatory markers. Molecular docking suggests inhibition of COX-2 by major metabolites of wheatgrass.
Inflammation is a multifaceted set of cellular communications generated against foreign infection, toxic influence or autoimmune injury. The present study investigates the anti-inflammatory effect of wheatgrass extract against the harmful impact of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophage cells, i.e., RAW 264.7 cells. Our results indicate that 5- and 7- days old wheatgrass extracts inhibit the LPS-stimulated production of nitric oxide. Moreover, wheatgrass extract significantly downregulates the mRNA expression of LPS-stimulated various pro-inflammatory markers, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, AP-1 and also iNOS-2 and COX-2. Our flow cytometry analyses confirmed that wheatgrass extract prevents the generation of reactive oxygen species in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, thus arresting oxidative stress in cells. The immunoblot analyses also confirmed a significant reduction in the expression of inflammatory proteins, namely, iNOS-2 and COX-2, in wheatgrass extract-treated cells, compared to LPS-stimulated condition. The NF-κB transactivation assay further confirmed the inhibitory effect of wheatgrass extracts on the LPS-stimulated expression of NF-κB. Molecular docking based studies showed the plausible binding of two significant wheatgrass constituents, i.e., apigenin and myo-inositol with COX-2 protein, with binding energies of −10.59 kcal/mol and −7.88 kcal/mol, respectively. Based on the above results, wheatgrass may be considered as a potential therapeutic candidate for preventing inflammation.
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Wang J, Kong X, Hu H, Shi S. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA PVT1 induces apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes through modulating miR-543-dependent SCUBE2 in rheumatoid arthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:142. [PMID: 32293498 PMCID: PMC7158104 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a kind of autoimmune disorder, is featured by many physical symptoms and proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). The relevance of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of RA has been probed. Hence, the goal of this report was to investigate the action of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), a lncRNA, in FLSs and the basic mechanism. Methods Initially, RA rats were developed to evaluate the expression of PVT1, microRNA-543 (miR-543), and signal peptide-CUB-EGF-like containing protein 2 (SCUBE2) in synovial tissues. Enhancement or loss of PVT1 or miR-543 was achieved to explore their effects on proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of FLSs. The interaction between PVT1 and miR-543 and between miR-543 and its putative target SCUBE2 was examined to elucidate the correlations. Finally, the protein expression of proliferation- and apoptosis-associated genes were assessed by western blot assays. Results PVT1 was overexpressed in synovial tissues from RA patients through microarray expression profiles. The PVT1 and SCUBE2 expression was boosted, and miR-543 was reduced in synovial tissues of rats with RA. PVT1 specifically bound to miR-543, and miR-543 negatively regulated SCUBE2 expression. Overexpression of PVT1 or silencing of miR-543 enhanced SCUBE2 expression, thereby promoting proliferation and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion, while inhibiting apoptosis rate of FLSs. Conversely, si-SCUBE2 reversed the role of miR-543 inhibitor. Conclusion The key findings support that PVT1 knockdown has the potency to hinder RA progression by inhibiting SCUBE2 expression to sponge miR-543.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Wang
- Department of Rheumatism, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17, Jiankang Road, Yishui Town, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Department of Rheumatism, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17, Jiankang Road, Yishui Town, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijian Hu
- Department of Rheumatism, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17, Jiankang Road, Yishui Town, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunfang Shi
- Department of Rheumatism, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17, Jiankang Road, Yishui Town, Linyi, 276400, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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