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Jing SX, McDermott CM, Flanders PL, Reis-Havlat M, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, McAlpine JB, Ambrose EA, Pauli GF. Chemical Transformation of B- to A-type Proanthocyanidins and 3D Structural Implications. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1416-1425. [PMID: 38687902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In nature, proanthocyanidins (PACs) with A-type linkages are relatively rare, likely due to biosynthetic constraints in the formation of additional ether bonds to be introduced into the more common B-type precursors. However, A-type linkages confer greater structural rigidity on PACs than do B-type linkages. Prior investigations into the structure-activity relationships (SAR) describing how plant-derived PACs with B- and complex AB-type linkages affect their capacity for dentin biomodification indicate that a higher ratio of double linkages leads to a greater interaction with dentin type I collagen. Thus, A-type PACs emerge as particularly intriguing candidates for interventional functional biomaterials. This study employed a free-radical-mediated oxidation using DPPH to transform trimeric and tetrameric B-type PACs, 2 and 4, respectively, into their exclusively A-type linked analogues, 3 and 5, respectively. The structures and absolute configurations of the semisynthetic products, including the new all-A-type tetramer 5, were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Additionally, molecular modeling investigated the conformational characteristics of all trimers and tetramers, 1-5. Our findings suggest that the specific interflavan linkages significantly impact the flexibility and low-energy conformations of the connected monomeric units, which conversely can affect the bioactive conformations relevant for dentin biomodification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Connor M McDermott
- Department of Chemistry, Grandview University, Des Moines, Iowa 50316, United States
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2
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Jing SX, Ferreira D, Pandey P, Klein LL, Chittiboyina AG, McAlpine JB, Lankin DC, Alania Y, Reis-Havlat M, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Unprecedented Benzoquinone Motifs Reveal Post-Oligomerizational Modification of Proanthocyanidins. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13490-13503. [PMID: 37748101 PMCID: PMC10921432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are complex flavan-3-ol polymers with stunning chemical complexity due to oxygenation patterns, oxidative phenolic ring linkages, and intricate stereochemistry of their heterocycles and inter-flavan linkages. Being promising candidates for dental restorative biomaterials, trace analysis of dentin bioactive cinnamon PACs now yielded novel trimeric (1 and 2) and tetrameric (3) PACs with unprecedented o- and p-benzoquinone motifs (benzoquinonoid PACs). Challenges in structural characterization, especially their absolute configuration, prompted the development of a new synthetic-analytical approach involving comprehensive spectroscopy, including NMR with quantum mechanics-driven 1H iterative functionalized spin analysis (HifSA) plus experimental and computational electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Vital stereochemical information was garnered from synthesizing 4-(2,5-benzoquinone)flavan-3-ols and a truncated analogue of trimer 2 as ECD models. Discovery of the first natural benzoquinonoid PACs provides new evidence to the experimentally elusive PAC biosynthesis as their formation requires two oxidative post-oligomerizational modifications (POMs) that are distinct and occur downstream from both quinone-methide-driven oligomerization and A-type linkage formation. While Nature is known to achieve structural diversity of many major compound classes by POMs, this is the first indication of PACs also following this common theme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Pankaj Pandey
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Larry L. Klein
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amar Gopal Chittiboyina
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - David C. Lankin
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Mariana Reis-Havlat
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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3
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Zhou B, Alania Y, Reis M, Jing SX, McAlpine JB, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Ferreira D, Pauli GF. Seco B-Type Oligomers from Pinus massoniana Expand the Procyanidin Chemical Space and Exhibit Dental Bioactivity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2753-2768. [PMID: 36382951 PMCID: PMC9789173 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of a pine bark extract for bioactive proanthocyanidin oligomers resulted in the isolation of structurally related dimeric seco B-type procyanidin derivatives, 1-5. This includes scalemic mixtures of gambiriin A1 (1a) and A2 (2a) and their newly described optical antipodes, ent-gambiriin A1 (1b) and ent-gambiriin A2 (2b), respectively, as well as a racemic mixture of the newly described (ent-)gambiriin A5 (3a/3b). Furthermore, the study now fully characterizes the previously reported optically pure dimers gambiriin B1 (4) and gambirflavan D1 (5), and characterized the novel seco B-type procyanidin trimer, 6 (gambirifuran C1). Thermal conversion of catechin in aqueous solution provided further evidence for the structures of 1-6 and led to the purification of semisynthetic 1a and 2a as well as additional dimers 7-10. Elucidating the structures of the natural dimers, 1-5, from comprehensive NMR and ECD data and synthetic evidence provided crucial reference points for establishing the structure of the seco B-type procyanidin trimer, 6. Serving as assigned building blocks, data from the dimers supported the 3D structural assignment of 6 based on NMR substituent chemical shift differences (s.c.s., syn. ΔδC) and component-based empirical ECD calculations. Within the newly characterized series of PAC-related molecules, 5 exhibited high dentin biomodification potential. In addition, considering the nomenclature issues and plausible biosynthetic pathways of this group of compounds led to a consolidated nomenclature of all currently known seco B-type procyanidins. These findings, thereby, expand the chemical space of bioactive catechin oligomers, which have promise as agents for the natural enhancement of dental biomaterials. Finally, the current knowledge of the chemical space of seco B-type procyanidin derivatives was compiled to the level of absolute configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Daneel Ferreira
- National Center for Natural Products Research and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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Kil YS, Baral A, Jeong BS, Laatikainen P, Liu Y, Han AR, Hong MJ, Kim JB, Choi H, Park PH, Nam JW. Combining NMR and MS to Describe Pyrrole-2-Carbaldehydes in Wheat Bran of Radiation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13002-13014. [PMID: 36167496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) are indispensable analytical tools to provide chemical fingerprints in metabolomics studies. The present study evaluated radiation breeding wheat lines for chemical changes by non-targeted NMR-based metabolomics analysis of bran extracts. Multivariate analysis following spectral binning suggested pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes as chemical markers of four mutant lines with distinct NMR fingerprints in a δH range of 9.28-9.40 ppm. Further NMR and MS data analysis, along with chromatographic fractionation and synthetic preparation, aimed at structure identification of marker metabolites and identified five pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes. Quantum-mechanical driven 1H iterative full spin analysis (QM-HiFSA) on synthetic pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes provided a precise description of complex peak patterns. Biological evaluation of pyrrole-2-carbaldehydes was performed with nine synthetic products, and six compounds showed hepatoprotective effects via modulation of reactive oxygen species production. Given that three out of five identified in wheat bran of radiation were described for hepatoprotective activity, the value of radiation mutation to greatly enhance pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde production was supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Seo Kil
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
| | - Ananda Baral
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
| | - Byeong-Seon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
| | | | - Yang Liu
- Product Quality & Analytical Method Department, United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, South Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, South Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, South Korea
| | - Hyukjae Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
| | - Pil-Hoon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541, South Korea
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5
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Jing SX, Reis M, Alania Y, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. B-type Proanthocyanidins with Dentin Biomodification Activity from Cocoa ( Theobroma cacao). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12456-12468. [PMID: 36134876 PMCID: PMC9547875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To enable translational studies, a scalable preparative isolation scheme was developed for underivatized cocoa (Theobroma cacao) proanthocyanidins (PACs), affording six all-B-type oligomeric PACs, including a new tetramer 4. Their structures, including absolute configuration, were unambiguously established by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical methods. Evaluation of the PACs' dentin biomodification properties employed dynamic mechanical and infrared spectroscopic analyses in dentin bioassay models. PAC treatment enhanced the biomechanical strength of dentin by 5- to 15-fold compared to untreated dentin. Among the PAC agents, the pentamer, cinnamtannin A3 (6), led to the highest complex modulus value of 131 MPa, whereas the "branched" tetramer, 4, showed the lowest, yet still significant bioactivity. This study of specifically singly linked medium-length oligomeric PACs indicates that the linkage site is paramount in determining the potency of these PACs as dentin biomodifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry,
Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical
Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612,
USA
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Structural Elucidation of an Atropisomeric Entcassiflavan-(4β→8)-Epicatechin Isolated from Dalbergia monetaria L.f. Based on NMR and ECD Calculations in Comparison to Experimental Data. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082512. [PMID: 35458711 PMCID: PMC9028727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A rare dihydoxyflavan-epicatechin proanthocyanidin, entcassiflavan-(4β→8)-epicatechin, was isolated from Dalbergia monetaria, a plant widely used by traditional people from the Amazon to treat urinary tract infections. The constitution and relative configuration of the compound were elucidated by HR-MS and detailed 1D- and 2D-NMR measurements. By comparing the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum with the calculated ECD spectra of all 16 possible isomers, the absolute configuration, the interflavan linkage, and the atropisomers could be determined.
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7
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Jing SX, Alania Y, Reis M, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. Proanthocyanidin Tetramers and Pentamers from Cinnamomum verum Bark and Their Dentin Biomodification Bioactivities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:391-404. [PMID: 35107279 PMCID: PMC8881394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To enable the further exploration of structure-activity relationships (SARs) of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with dentin biomodification abilities, Cinnamomum verum was selected for scaled-up purification of mixed A-/B-type, medium-size PAC oligomers. Sequential purification by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC), Sephadex LH-20, and semiprep HPLC chromatography yielded four underivatized tetrameric (5-8) and two pentameric (9-10) PACs. Their unambiguous structural characterization involved extensive spectral and chemical degradation approaches to show that epicatechin units are connected by plant-specific combinations of doubly linked A- and singly linked B-type interflavanyl bonds. The biomechanical properties (via dynamic mechanical analysis) and physicochemical structure (via infrared spectroscopy) were assessed to evaluate the biomodification potency of PAC-treated collagen in a preclinical dentin model. This study revealed that (4→8) versus (4→6) bonds in PAC interflavan linkages have limited influence on biomechanical outcomes of dentin. By exhibiting a 25-fold increase in the complex modulus of treated dentin compared to control, aesculitannin E (5) was found to be the most potent PAC known to date for enhancing the mechanical properties of dentin in this preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Xi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Navjot SM, Ashu J, Kamalpreet K, Navneet KM, Manu R, Divya B. The effect of natural reducing agents on push-out bond strength of AH plus and BioRoot RCS to sodium hypochlorite treated root dentin. J Conserv Dent 2021; 24:130-134. [PMID: 34759577 PMCID: PMC8562831 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_52_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the effect of natural anticoagulants 6.5% proanthocyanidin (PA) and 25% bamboo salt on push-out bond strength (PBS) of AH Plus and BioRoot RCS to dentin. Subjects and Methods: 30 single-rooted extracted human teeth were collected. After establishing the working length samples were prepared up to size F3. 5 ml of 3% NaOCl was used as irrigant during instrumentation followed by rinse with 5 ml of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Samples were randomly divided into groups based on the final irrigation solution: Group I – AH plus sealer group, Ia – Saline group, Ib – PA group, Ic – Bamboo salt (BS) group. Group II – BioRoot RCS group, IIa – Saline group, IIb – PA group, IIc – BS group. After obturation, samples were embedded in self-cure acrylic resin and 2 mm thick root slices were made at coronal middle and apical 3rd. These slices were subjected to PBS testing followed by stereomicroscopic examination for checking the mode of failure. Statistical Analysis Used: Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's post hoc test. Results: 3% NaOCl significantly decreased the bond strength of AH Plus as compared to BioRoot RCS to dentin (P < 0.05). Both PA and BS were capable of increasing the PBS of AH Plus and BioRoot RCS to NaOCl-treated dentin. Conclusions: Final irrigation with antioxidants such as PA and BS eliminates the risk of reduced bond strength of sealer to root canal walls, which ensues following the use of NaOCl as an irrigant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mann Navjot
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Jhamb Ashu
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Kaur Kamalpreet
- PG Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - K Mann Navneet
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Rana Manu
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Batra Divya
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India
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9
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Reis M, Zhou B, Alania Y, Leme-Kraus AA, Jing S, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Unveiling structure-activity relationships of proanthocyanidins with dentin collagen. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1633-1644. [PMID: 34563363 PMCID: PMC8791559 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with type I collagen using sixteen chemically defined PACs with degree of polymerization (DP) 2-6. METHODS Under a dentin model, the biomimicry of PACs with type I collagen was investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and infrared spectroscopy. The dentin matrix was modified with PACs from Pinus massoniana [monomers (Mon-1 and Mon-2), dimers (Dim-1-Dim-4), trimers (Tri-1-Tri-4), tetramers (Tet-1-Tet-5), and hexamer (Hex-1)]. A strain sweep method in a 3-point bending submersion clamp was used to assess the viscoelastic properties [storage (E'), loss (E"), and complex moduli (E*) and tan δ] of the dentin matrix before and after biomodification. Biochemical analysis of the dentin matrix was assessed with FTIR spectroscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS DP had a significant effect on modified dentin moduli (tetramers ≈ trimers > hexamers ≈ dimers > monomers ≈ control, p < 0.001). Trimers and tetramers yielded 6- to 8-fold increase in the mechanical properties of modified dentin and induced conformational changes to the secondary structure of collagen. Modifications to the tertiary structure of collagen was shown in all PAC modified-dentin matrices. SIGNIFICANCE Findings establish three key SARs: (i) increasing DP generally enhances biomimicry potential of PACs in modulating the mechanical and chemical properties of dentin (ii) the secondary structure of dentin collagen is affected by the position of B-type inter-flavanyl linkages (4β → 6 and 4β → 8); and (iii) the terminal monomeric flavan-3-ol unit plays a modulatory role in the viscoelasticity of dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Bin Zhou
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shuxi Jing
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Pharmacognosy Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, United States; Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, United States.
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10
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Giancaspro G, Adams KM, Bhavaraju S, Corbett C, Diehl B, Freudenberger JC, Fritsch K, Krishnamurthy K, Laatikainen P, Martos G, Miura T, Nam JW, Niemitz M, Nishizaki Y, Sugimoto N, Obkircher M, Phansalkar R, Ray GJ, Saito T, Sørensen D, Urbas A, Napolitano JG, Tadjimukhamedov F, Bzhelyansky A, Liu Y, Pauli GF. The qNMR Summit 5.0: Proceedings and Status of qNMR Technology. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12162-12169. [PMID: 34473490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the qNMR Summit is to take stock of the status quo and the recent developments in qNMR research and applications in a timely and accurate manner. It provides a platform for both advanced and novice qNMR practitioners to receive a well-rounded update and discuss potential qNMR-related applications and collaborations. For over a decade, scientists from academia, industry, nonprofit institutions, and governmental bodies have focused on the standardization of qNMR methodology, as well as its metrological and pharmacopeial utility. This paper reviews key content of qNMR Summits 1.0 to 4.0 and puts into perspective the outcomes and available transcripts of the October 2019 Summit 5.0, with attendees from the United States, Canada, Japan, Korea, and several European countries. Summit presentations focused on qNMR methodology in the pharmaceutical industry, advanced quantitation algorithms, and promising developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Giancaspro
- The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Kristie M Adams
- Steelyard Analytics, Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Sitaram Bhavaraju
- The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Charlotte Corbett
- Drug Enforcement Administration, Dulles, Virginia 20166, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gustavo Martos
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Sèvres 92310, France
| | - Toru Miura
- FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Saitama 350-1101, Japan
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbukdo 38541, Korea
| | | | - Yuzo Nishizaki
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Naoki Sugimoto
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | | | | | - G Joseph Ray
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Takeshi Saito
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Dan Sørensen
- Alphora Research, Inc., Mississauga, ON L5K 1B3, Canada
| | - Aaron Urbas
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - José G Napolitano
- Genentech, Inc.,South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | - Anton Bzhelyansky
- The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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11
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Influence of Dentin Priming with Tannin-Rich Plant Extracts on the Longevity of Bonded Composite Restorations. ScientificWorldJournal 2021; 2021:1614643. [PMID: 34220363 PMCID: PMC8221859 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1614643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This in vitro study evaluated the influence of bioactive plant extracts as dentin biomodifying agents to improve the longevity of bonded restorations. For that, plant extracts were applied to the dentin surface prior to the adhesive system. Materials and Methods Bovine incisors were ground flat to obtain 2 mm thick slices in which conical preparations were made (N = 10). Tannin-containing plant extracts were applied to dentin before the application of the restorative system, as follows: control group (untreated, CTL), chlorhexidine 0.12% (CHX), mastruz (Dysphania ambrosioides, MTZ), cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa, CTC), guarana (Paullinia cupana, GUA), galla chinensis (Rhus chinensis, GCH), and tannic acid (extracted from Acacia decurrens, TNA). The push-out bond strength test was conducted (0.5 mm/min). Dentin biomodification was assessed by the modulus of elasticity and mass change in bovine tooth sections (0.5 × 1.7 × 7.0 mm). The dentin staining after extract treatments of dentin slices was compared. The dentin surface wettability was also evaluated by means of the contact angles of the adhesive system with the dentin surface and compared with the untreated control group. Data were subjected to ANOVA/Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results The bond strength of the restoratives to dentin was not significantly improved by the plant extracts, irrespective of the evaluation time (p > 0.05). Except for TNA, the elastic modulus of demineralized dentin significantly reduced after treatment with the plant extracts (p < 0.05). The dentin staining correlated with the tannin content of the extracts. The contact angle was significantly reduced when treated with CTC, GCH, and TNA. Conclusions The tannin-containing extracts had a questionable effect on the longevity of bonded restorations. The dentin modulus was negatively affected by the extract treatments. Although some of the extracts changed the contact angle, which seems to improve the adhesive monomer permeation, the tannin-rich plant extract application prior to adhesive application was proven to be clinically unfeasible due to dentin staining.
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12
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H/D Exchange Processes in Flavonoids: Kinetics and Mechanistic Investigations. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123544. [PMID: 34200677 PMCID: PMC8229540 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several classes of flavonoids, such as anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols, and flavones, undergo a slow H/D exchange on aromatic ring A, leading to full deuteration at positions C(6) and C(8). Within the flavanol class, H-C(6) and H-C(8) of catechin and epicatechin are slowly exchanged in D2O to the corresponding deuterated analogues. Even quercetin, a relevant flavonol representative, shows the same behaviour in a D2O/DMSOd6 1:1 solution. Detailed kinetic measurements of these H/D exchange processes are here reported by exploiting the time-dependent changes of their peak areas in the 1H-NMR spectra taken at different temperatures. A unifying reaction mechanism is also proposed based on our detailed kinetic observations, even taking into account pH and solvent effects. Molecular modelling and QM calculations were also carried out to shed more light on several molecular details of the proposed mechanism.
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13
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Proanthocyanidins as a Potential Novel Way for the Treatment of Hemangioma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5695378. [PMID: 33490272 PMCID: PMC7801061 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5695378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemangioma, the most common benign vascular tumor, not only affects the appearance and psychology but also has a life-threatening potential. It is considered that clonal vascular endothelial cell proliferation and excessive angiogenesis are responsible for hemangioma pathogenesis, in which abnormal cytokines/pathways are closely implicated, primarily including high expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as their downstream pathways, especially phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt). These further stimulate the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and promote the formation of new vessels, ultimately leading to the occurrence and development of hemangioma. Proanthocyanidins are naturally active substance from plants and fruits. They possess multiple functions like antiproliferation, antiangiogenesis, and antitumor. It has been demonstrated that proanthocyanidins effectively work in various diseases via inhibiting the expression of various factors, e.g., HIF-1α, VEGF, PI3K, and Akt. Considering the pathogenesis of hemangioma and the effect of proanthocyanidins, we hold a hypothesis that proanthocyanidins would be applied in hemangioma via downregulating cytokine/pathway expression, suppressing vascular cell proliferation and arrest abnormal angiogenesis. Taken together, proanthocyanidins may be a potential novel way for the treatment of hemangioma.
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14
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Nam JW, Phansalkar RS, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Leme-Kraus AA, Bedran-Russo AK, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Targeting Trimeric and Tetrameric Proanthocyanidins of Cinnamomum verum Bark as Bioactives for Dental Therapies. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3287-3297. [PMID: 33151073 PMCID: PMC8041212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study elucidated the structures of three A-type tri- and tetrameric proanthocyanidins (PACs) isolated from Cinnamomum verum bark to the level of absolute configuration and determined their dental bioactivity using two therapeutically relevant bioassays. After selecting a PAC oligomer fraction via a biologically diverse bioassay-guided process, in tandem with centrifugal partition chromatography, phytochemical studies led to the isolation of PAC oligomers that represent the main bioactive principles of C. verum: two A-type tetrameric PACs, epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-catechin (1) and parameritannin A1 (2), together with a trimer, cinnamtannin B1 (3). Structure determination of the underivatized proanthocyanidins utilized a combination of HRESIMS, ECD, 1D/2D NMR, and 1H iterative full spin analysis data and led to NMR-based evidence for the deduction of absolute configuration in constituent catechin and epicatechin monomeric units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Rasika S. Phansalkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - David C. Lankin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A. Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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15
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Structure elucidation of small organic molecules by contemporary computational chemistry methods. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1114-1127. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Radulović N, Stevanović M, Nešić M, Stojanović N, Ranđelović P, Ranđelović V. Constituents of Bupleurum praealtum and Bupleurum veronense with Potential Immunomodulatory Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2902-2914. [PMID: 33030341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, chromatographic separations of the diethyl ether extracts of two European annual Bupleurum taxa, B. praealtum and B. veronense, yielded nine new natural products, namely, a series of esters of stereoisomeric tetradeca-5,7,9,11-tetraen-1-ols (1-4 and 8), a tetra-unsaturated γ-tetradecalactone (5), a dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan (7-oxoarcitin, 6), a falcarinol-related 17-membered macrolide (7) possessing a conjugated diyne-system, and an acylphloroglucinol derivative (9). All these new compounds were fully characterized by NMR, IR, UV, MS, and optical rotation measurement, including 1H NMR full spin spectral simulation, whereas the absolute configurations of 1, 5, and 9 were determined via chemical correlations and NMR analysis of Mosher esters. The in vitro potential immunomodulatory activities of 1, 4, 5, and (+)-arcitin were assessed by determining their effects on the functional properties of isolated rat splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages. The results obtained support the known immunomodulatory ethnomedicinal usage of Bupleurum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko Radulović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milica Stevanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Nešić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nikola Stojanović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Pavle Ranđelović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Ranđelović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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17
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Quantum mechanical NMR full spin analysis in pharmaceutical identity testing and quality control. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113601. [PMID: 33049645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Issues related to pharmaceutical quality are arising at an alarming rate. Pharmaceutical quality concerns both the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) and the Finished Drug Product/ Formulation. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the number of reports of harmful impurities in marketed drug formulations. Impurities range from solvents, reactants, adulterants, and catalysts to synthetic byproducts. Quality concerns in commercial preparations may also arise due to shelf life stability. Furthermore, a number of falsified and substandard drug cases have been reported. Most of the techniques which are currently in place can, at best, detect the impurities, but cannot identify them unless they are already known and can be compared to a standard. On the other hand, 1H NMR spectroscopy detects all the hydrogen containing species, typically provides information to elucidate structures partially or even completely, and through its absolute quantitative capabilities even can detect the presence hydrogen-free species indirectly. The structural properties that produce 1H NMR signals as characteristic representations of a given molecule are the chemical shifts (δ in ppm) and coupling constants (J in Hz). Along with the line widths (ω1/2 in Hz), these parameters are bound to both the molecule and the NMR experimental conditions by quantum mechanical (QM) principles. This means that the 1H NMR spectra of APIs can be precisely calculated and compared to the experimental data. This review explains how 1H NMR spectroscopy coupled with Full Spin Analysis can contribute towards the quality control of pharmaceuticals by improving structural dereplication and achieving simultaneous quantification of both APIs and their contaminants.
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18
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Zhou B, Alania Y, Reis MC, McAlpine JB, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF, Chen SN. Rare A-Type, Spiro-Type, and Highly Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins from Pinus massoniana. Org Lett 2020; 22:5304-5308. [PMID: 32639751 PMCID: PMC7521950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An investigation of the dental bioactive proanthocyanidin (PAC) oligomer fractions led to three structurally distinct new PACs (1-3) from pine bark. Pinutwindoublin (1) is the first reported trimer with double A-type interflavanyl linkages (2α→O→5,4α→6 and 2α→O→7,4α→8). Pinuspirotetrin (2) represents the first reported PAC tetramer with a heterodimeric framework consisting of one spiro-type and one A-type dimer. Pinumassohexin (3) was elucidated as a mixed A + B-type hexamer that consists of a peanut-derived tetramer, peanut procyanidin E, and an A-type dimer (5). Compound 3 increased the modulus of elasticity of dentin by an impressive 4.3 times at a concentration of 0.65%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Mariana C Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (PSCI), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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19
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Polyphenols in Dental Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030072. [PMID: 32645860 PMCID: PMC7552636 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: polyphenols are a broad class of molecules extracted from plants and have a large repertoire of biological activities. Biomimetic inspiration from the effects of tea or red wine on the surface of cups or glass lead to the emergence of versatile surface chemistry with polyphenols. Owing to their hydrogen bonding abilities, coordination chemistry with metallic cations and redox properties, polyphenols are able to interact, covalently or not, with a large repertoire of chemical moieties, and can hence be used to modify the surface chemistry of almost all classes of materials. (2) Methods: the use of polyphenols to modify the surface properties of dental materials, mostly enamel and dentin, to afford them with better adhesion to resins and improved biological properties, such as antimicrobial activity, started more than 20 years ago, but no general overview has been written to our knowledge. (3) Results: the present review is aimed to show that molecules from all the major classes of polyphenolics allow for low coast improvements of dental materials and engineering of dental tissues.
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20
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Zhou B, Alania Y, Reis M, Phansalkar RS, Nam JW, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. Tri- and Tetrameric Proanthocyanidins with Dentin Bioactivities from Pinus massoniana. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8462-8479. [PMID: 32551610 PMCID: PMC7384766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Guided by dentin biomechanical bioactivity, this phytochemical study led to the elucidation of an extended set of structurally demanding proanthocyanidins (PACs). Unambiguous structure determination involved detailed spectroscopic and chemical characterization of four A-type dimers (2 and 4-6), seven trimers (10-16), and six tetramers (17-22). New outcomes confirm the feasibility of determining the absolute configuration of the catechol monomers in oligomeric PACs by one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR. Electronic circular dichroism as well as phloroglucinolysis followed by mass spectrometry and chiral phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis generated the necessary chiral reference data. In the context of previously reported dentin-bioactive PACs, accurately and precisely assigned 13C NMR resonances enabled absolute stereochemical assignments of PAC monomers via (i) inclusion of the 13C NMR γ-gauche effect and (ii) determination of differential 13C chemical shift values (ΔδC) in comparison with those of the terminal monomer (unit II) in the dimers 2 and 4-6. Among the 13 fully elucidated PACs, eight were identified as new, and one structure (11) was revised based on new knowledge gained regarding the subtle, stereospecific spectroscopic properties of PACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Yvette Alania
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Mariana Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Rasika S Phansalkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCPRS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCPRS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCPRS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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21
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Tang Y, Friesen JB, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Nikolić D, Niemitz M, Seigler DS, Graham J, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Quantum Mechanics-Based Structure Analysis of Cyclic Monoterpene Glycosides from Rhodiola rosea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:1950-1959. [PMID: 32463230 PMCID: PMC7384765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
NMR- and MS-guided metabolomic mining for new phytoconstituents from a widely used dietary supplement, Rhodiola rosea, yielded two new (+)-myrtenol glycosides, 1 and 2, and two new cuminol glycosides, 3 and 4, along with three known analogues, 5-7. The structures of the new compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Quantum mechanics-driven 1H iterative full spin analysis (QM-HiFSA) decoded the spatial arrangement of the methyl groups in 1 and 2, as well as other features not recognizable by conventional methods, including higher order spin-coupling effects. Expanding applied HiFSA methodology to monoterpene glycosides advances the toolbox for stereochemical assignments, facilitates their structural dereplication, and provides a more definitive reference point for future phytochemical and biological studies of R. rosea as a resilience botanical. Application of a new NMR data analysis software package, CT, for QM-based iteration of NMR spectra is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tang
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - J. Brent Friesen
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Physical Sciences Department, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University, River Forest, IL 60305, United States
| | - David C. Lankin
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | | | - David S. Seigler
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana Champaign, IL 61801, United States
| | - James Graham
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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22
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Yu Y, Pauli GF, Huang L, Gan LS, van Breemen RB, Li D, McAlpine JB, Lankin DC, Chen SN. Classification of Flavonoid Metabolomes via Data Mining and Quantification of Hydroxyl NMR Signals. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4954-4962. [PMID: 32108467 PMCID: PMC7442116 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing the distinct HMBC cross-peak patterns of lower-field range (LFR; 11.80-14.20 ppm) hydroxyl singlets, presented NMR methodology characterizes flavonoid metabolomes both qualitatively and quantitatively. It enables simultaneous classification of the structural types of 5-OH flavonoids and biogenetically related 2'-OH chalcones, as well as quantification of individual metabolites from 1H NMR spectra, even in complex mixtures. Initially, metabolite-specific LFR 1D 1H and 2D HMBC patterns were established via literature mining and experimental data interpretation, demonstrating that LFR HMBC patterns encode the different structural types of 5-OH flavonoids/2'-OH chalcones. Taking advantage of the simplistic multiplicity of the H,H-uncoupled LFR 5-/2'-OH singlets, individual metabolites could subsequently be quantified by peak fitting quantitative 1H NMR (PF-qHNMR). Metabolomic analysis of enriched fractions from three medicinal licorice (Glycyrrhiza) species established proof-of-concept for distinguishing three major structural types and eight subtypes in biomedical applications. The method identified 15 G. uralensis (GU) phenols from the six possible subtypes of 5,7-diOH (iso)flav(an)ones with 6-, 8-, and nonprenyl substitution, including the new 6-prenyl-licoisoflavanone (1) and two previously unknown compounds (4 and 7). Relative (100%) qNMR established quantitative metabolome patterns suitable for species discrimination and plant metabolite studies. Absolute qNMR with combined external and internal (solvent) calibration (ECIC) identified and quantified 158 GU metabolites. HMBC-supported qHNMR analysis of flavonoid metabolomes ("flavonomics") empowers the exploration of structure-abundance-activity relationships of designated bioactivity. Its ability to identify and quantify numerous metabolites simultaneously and without identical reference materials opens new avenues for natural product discovery and botanical quality control and can be adopted to other flavonoid- and chalcone-containing taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Dianpeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China
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Casanova LM, Rodrigues LM, de Aguiar PF, Tinoco LW. An NMR-Based Chemometric Strategy to Identify Leishmania donovani Nucleoside Hydrolase Inhibitors from the Brazilian Tree Ormosia arborea. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:243-254. [PMID: 31985226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside hydrolases are a strategic target for the development of drugs to treat leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that affects 700 thousand to one million people annually. The present study aimed to identify Leishmania donovani nucleoside hydrolase (LdNH) inhibitors from the leaves of Ormosia arborea, a tree endemic to Brazilian ecosystems, through a strategy based on 1H NMR analyses and chemometrics. The aqueous EtOH extract of O. arborea leaves inhibited LdNH activity by 95%. The extract was fractionated in triplicate (13 in each step, making a total of 39 fractions). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to correlate the 1H NMR spectra of the fractions with their LdNH inhibitory activity and thus to identify the spectral regions associated with the bioactivity. The strategy aimed at isolating the probable bioactive substances and led to two new A-type proanthocyanidins, linked to a p-coumaroyl unit (1 and 2), which appeared as noncompetitive inhibitors of LdNH (IC50: 28.2 ± 3.0 μM and 25.6 ± 4.1 μM, respectively). This study confirms the usefulness of the NMR-based chemometric methods to accelerate the discovery of drugs from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Marques Casanova
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luanna Monteiro Rodrigues
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Paula Fernandes de Aguiar
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química, Centro de Ciências Matemáticas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
| | - Luzineide Wanderley Tinoco
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Sau'de, Cidade Universita'ria , Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro , RJ , Brazil
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Phansalkar RS, Nam JW, Leme AA, Gan LS, Zhou B, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Bedran-Russo AK, Pauli GF. Proanthocyanidin Dimers and Trimers from Vitis vinifera Provide Diverse Structural Motifs for the Evaluation of Dentin Biomodification. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2387-2399. [PMID: 31433178 PMCID: PMC6899061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Aimed at exploring the dentin biomodification potential of proanthocyanidins (PACs) for the development of dental biomaterials, this study reports the phytochemical and dental evaluation of nine B-type PACs from grape seed extract (GSE). Out of seven isolated dimers (1-7), four new compounds (2, 3, 5, and 6) involved relatively rare ent-catechin or ent-epicatechin monomeric flavan-3-ol units. Low-temperature NMR analyses conducted along with phloroglucinolysis and electronic circular dichroism enabled unequivocal structural characterization and stereochemical assignment. Additionally, one known (8) and one new (9) B-type trimer were characterized. Differential 13C NMR chemical shifts (Δδ) were used to determine the absolute configuration of 9, relative to the dimers 1 and 2 as the possible constituent subunits. Compared to the dimers, the trimers showed superior dentin biomodification properties. The dimers, 1-7, exhibited pronounced differences in their collagenase inhibitory activity, while enhancing dentin stiffness comparably. This suggests that PAC structural features such as the degree of polymerization, relative and absolute configuration have a differential influence on enhancement of dentin biomechanical and biostability. As mechanical enhancement to dentin and resistance to proteolytic biodegradation are both essential properties functional and stable dentin substrate, the structurally closely related PACs suggest a new metric, the dentin biomodification potential (DBMP) that may rationalize both properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika S. Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Ariene A. Leme
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31005, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ana K. Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Corresponding Author: Tel: +1 (312) 355-1949. Fax: +1 (312) 355-2693.
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25
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Choules MP, Bisson J, Gao W, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Niemitz M, Jaki BU, Franzblau SG, Pauli GF. Quality Control of Therapeutic Peptides by 1H NMR HiFSA Sequencing. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3055-3073. [PMID: 30793905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ensuring identity, purity, and reproducibility are equally essential during synthetic chemistry, drug discovery, and for pharmaceutical product safety. Many peptidic APIs are large molecules that require considerable effort for integrity assurance. This study builds on quantum mechanical 1H iterative Full Spin Analysis (HiFSA) to establish NMR peptide sequencing methodology that overcomes the intrinsic limitations of principal compendial methods in identifying small structural changes or minor impurities that affect effectiveness and safety. HiFSA sequencing yields definitive identity and purity information concurrently, allowing for API quality assurance and control (QA/QC). Achieving full peptide analysis via NMR building blocks, the process lends itself to both research and commercial applications as 1D 1H NMR (HNMR) is the most sensitive and basic NMR experiment. The generated HiFSA profiles are independent of instrument or software tools and work at any magnetic field strength. Pairing with absolute or 100% qHNMR enables quantification of mixtures and/or determination of peptide conformer populations. Demonstration of the methodology uses single amino acids (AAs) and peptides of increasing size, including the octapeptide, angiotensin II, and the nonapeptide, oxytocin. The feasibility of HiFSA coupled with automated NMR and qHNMR for use in QC/QA efforts is established through case-based examples and recommended procedures.
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26
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McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Kutateladze A, MacMillan JB, Appendino G, Barison A, Beniddir MA, Biavatti MW, Bluml S, Boufridi A, Butler MS, Capon RJ, Choi YH, Coppage D, Crews P, Crimmins MT, Csete M, Dewapriya P, Egan JM, Garson MJ, Genta-Jouve G, Gerwick WH, Gross H, Harper MK, Hermanto P, Hook JM, Hunter L, Jeannerat D, Ji NY, Johnson TA, Kingston DGI, Koshino H, Lee HW, Lewin G, Li J, Linington RG, Liu M, McPhail KL, Molinski TF, Moore BS, Nam JW, Neupane RP, Niemitz M, Nuzillard JM, Oberlies NH, Ocampos FMM, Pan G, Quinn RJ, Reddy DS, Renault JH, Rivera-Chávez J, Robien W, Saunders CM, Schmidt TJ, Seger C, Shen B, Steinbeck C, Stuppner H, Sturm S, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Tantillo DJ, Verpoorte R, Wang BG, Williams CM, Williams PG, Wist J, Yue JM, Zhang C, Xu Z, Simmler C, Lankin DC, Bisson J, Pauli GF. The value of universally available raw NMR data for transparency, reproducibility, and integrity in natural product research. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:35-107. [PMID: 30003207 PMCID: PMC6350634 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00064b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2018With contributions from the global natural product (NP) research community, and continuing the Raw Data Initiative, this review collects a comprehensive demonstration of the immense scientific value of disseminating raw nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data, independently of, and in parallel with, classical publishing outlets. A comprehensive compilation of historic to present-day cases as well as contemporary and future applications show that addressing the urgent need for a repository of publicly accessible raw NMR data has the potential to transform natural products (NPs) and associated fields of chemical and biomedical research. The call for advancing open sharing mechanisms for raw data is intended to enhance the transparency of experimental protocols, augment the reproducibility of reported outcomes, including biological studies, become a regular component of responsible research, and thereby enrich the integrity of NP research and related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B McAlpine
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Andrei Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - John B MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Alimentari, Farmaceutiche e Farmacologiche, Universita` del Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | | | - Mehdi A Beniddir
- Équipe "Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Maique W Biavatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Stefan Bluml
- University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Asmaa Boufridi
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J Capon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Young H Choi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David Coppage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Phillip Crews
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Michael T Crimmins
- Kenan and Caudill Laboratories of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marie Csete
- University of Southern California, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 N. El Molino Ave., Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - Pradeep Dewapriya
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Joseph M Egan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Mary J Garson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Grégory Genta-Jouve
- C-TAC, UMR 8638 CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Paris-Descartes University, Sorbonne, Paris Cité, 4, Aveue de l'Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France
| | - William H Gerwick
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA and Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Harald Gross
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mary Kay Harper
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Precilia Hermanto
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - James M Hook
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Luke Hunter
- NMR Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Damien Jeannerat
- University of Geneva, Department of Organic Chemistry, 30 quai E. Ansermet, CH 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Nai-Yun Ji
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Road 17, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tyler A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - David G I Kingston
- Department of Chemistry, M/C 0212, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Koshino
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hsiau-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Guy Lewin
- Équipe "Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Roger G Linington
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Kerry L McPhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Tadeusz F Molinski
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Bradley S Moore
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA and Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Ram P Neupane
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Matthias Niemitz
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Jean-Marc Nuzillard
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | | | - Guohui Pan
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - D Sai Reddy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Jean-Hugues Renault
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - José Rivera-Chávez
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Wolfgang Robien
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Carla M Saunders
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Thomas J Schmidt
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Christoph Seger
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Ben Shen
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Christoph Steinbeck
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Sonja Sturm
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bin-Gui Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chunhui Road 17, Yantai 264003, People's Republic of China and Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Craig M Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Philip G Williams
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Julien Wist
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Jian-Min Yue
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Chen Zhang
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Zhengren Xu
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. , and
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - David C Lankin
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Jonathan Bisson
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Center for Natural Product Technologies (CENAPT), Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ,
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27
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Aydin B, Leme-Kraus AA, Vidal CMP, Aguiar TR, Phansalkar RS, Nam JW, McAlpine JB, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Bedran-Russo AK. Evidence to the role of interflavan linkages and galloylation of proanthocyanidins at sustaining long-term dentin biomodification. Dent Mater 2018; 35:328-334. [PMID: 30580969 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The interactivity of proanthocyanidins (PACs) with collagen modulates dentin matrix biomechanics and biostability. Herein, PAC extracts selected based on structural diversity were investigated to determine key PAC features driving sustained effects on dentin matrices over a period of 18months. METHODS The chemical profiles of PAC-rich plant sources, Pinus massoniana (PM), Cinnamomum verum (CV) and Hamamelis virginiana (HV) barks, as well as Vitis vinifera (VV) seeds, were obtained by diol HPLC analysis after partitioning of the extracts between methyl acetate and water. Dentin matrices (n=15) were prepared from human molars to determine the apparent modulus of elasticity over 18months of aging. Susceptibility of the dentin matrix to degradation by endogenous and exogenous proteases was determined by presence of solubilized collagen in supernatant, and resistance to degradation by bacterial collagenase, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc tests (α=0.05). RESULTS After 18months, dentin matrices modified by PM and CV extracts, containing only non-galloylated PACs, were highly stable mechanically (p<0.05). Dentin matrices treated with CV exhibited the lowest degradation by bacterial collagenase after 1h and 18months of aging (p<0.05), while dentin matrices treated with PM showed the least mass loss and collagen solubilization by endogenous enzymes over time (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Resistance against long-term degradation was observed for all experimental groups; however, the most potent and long-lasting dentin biomodification resulted from non-galloylated PACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berdan Aydin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cristina M P Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thaiane R Aguiar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rasika S Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Program for Collaborative Research in the Pharmaceutical Sciences (PCRPS), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Proanthocyanidins against Oxidative Stress: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8584136. [PMID: 29750172 PMCID: PMC5884402 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8584136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PCs) are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds abundant in many vegetables, plant skins (rind/bark), seeds, flowers, fruits, and nuts. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated myriad effects potentially beneficial to human health, such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, DNA repair, and antitumor activity. Accumulation of prooxidants such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeding cellular antioxidant capacity results in oxidative stress (OS), which can damage macromolecules (DNA, lipids, and proteins), organelles (membranes and mitochondria), and whole tissues. OS is implicated in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of many cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, dermatological, and metabolic diseases, both through direct molecular damage and secondary activation of stress-associated signaling pathways. PCs are promising natural agents to safely prevent acute damage and control chronic diseases at relatively low cost. In this review, we summarize the molecules and signaling pathways involved in OS and the corresponding therapeutic mechanisms of PCs.
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Centrifugal partition chromatography enables selective enrichment of trimeric and tetrameric proanthocyanidins for biomaterial development. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1535:55-62. [PMID: 29331224 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) find wide applications for human use including food, cosmetics, dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals. The chemical complexity associated with PACs has triggered the development of various chromatographic techniques, with countercurrent separation (CCS) gaining in popularity. This study applied the recently developed DESIGNER (Depletion and Enrichment of Select Ingredients Generating Normalized Extract Resources) approach for the selective enrichment of trimeric and tetrameric PACs using centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). This CPC method aims at developing PAC based biomaterials, particularly for their application in restoring and repairing dental hard tissue. A general separation scheme beginning with the depletion of polymeric PACs, followed by the removal of monomeric flavan-3-ols and a final enrichment step produced PAC trimer and tetramer enriched fractions. A successful application of this separation scheme is demonstrated for four polyphenol rich plant sources: grape seeds, pine bark, cinnamon bark, and cocoa seeds. Minor modifications to the generic DESIGNER CCS method were sufficient to accommodate the varying chemical complexities of the individual source materials. The step-wise enrichment of PAC trimers and tetramers was monitored using normal phase TLC and Diol-HPLC-UV analyses. CPC proved to be a reliable tool for the selective enrichment of medium size oligomeric PACs (OPACs). This method plays a key role in the development of dental biomaterials considering its reliability and reproducibility, as well as its scale-up capabilities for possible larger-scale manufacturing.
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30
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Efficacy of new natural biomodification agents from Anacardiaceae extracts on dentin collagen cross-linking. Dent Mater 2017; 33:1103-1109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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31
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Dudek MK, Wielgus E, Paluch P, Potrzebowski MJ. Spontaneous Keto-Enol Tautomerization in the Crystal Lattice Visualized with the Help of Water Encapsulated in Hydrophilic Reservoirs. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:2850-2854. [PMID: 28719099 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Keto-enol tautomerism in the solid phase is a process that is particularly difficult to follow. In this work we demonstrate how it can be done by introducing deuterium into the crystal lattice of organic compounds which tend to form hydrates. In our studies we explored H-D exchange in the crystals stored in contact with deuterium oxide vapors. Employing barbituric acid (BA) and (+)-catechin (CAT) as model samples and by using advanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, we revealed that not only OH and NH protons of these chemicals undergo exchange to deuterium in a crystal lattice, but also usually immobile protons, that is, (Ar)CH (in CAT) and CH2 (in BA) are exchanged as a result of keto-enol tautomerism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta K Dudek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Paluch
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek J Potrzebowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Lodz, Poland
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32
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Kulakowski D, Leme-Kraus AA, Nam JW, McAlpine J, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Ravindran S, Bedran-Russo AK. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins released from dentin induce regenerative dental pulp cell response. Acta Biomater 2017; 55:262-270. [PMID: 28365481 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are plant-derived, multifunctional compounds that possess high interactivity with extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The documented affinity of PACs for type-I collagen is directly correlated with their structural features and degree of polymerization. In this investigation, centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was used to sequentially deplete less active monomeric and polymeric PACs from a crude Pinus massoniana bark extract to create refined mixtures enriched in oligomeric PACs. The ability of these oligomeric PACs to modify the mechanical properties of the dentin collagen matrix and their biocompatibility with dental pulp cells (DPCs) was evaluated in an innovative biomimetic environment. The refined mixtures displayed high interactivity with dentin collagen as demonstrated by a significant increase (>5-fold) in the modulus of elasticity of the dentin matrix. In a simplified model of the dentin-DPC complex, DPCs embedded within their native ECM in the presence of PAC-treated dentin exhibited increased proliferation. Quantitative gene expression analyses indicated that exposure to PAC-treated dentin increased the expression of key biomineralization and odontogenic differentiation regulators, including RUNX2, BMP2, OCN, and DSPP. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that PACs two to four units long (dimers, trimers, and tetramers) were being released from dentin into media, influencing cell behavior. Overall, the results suggested that PAC dimers, trimers, and tetramers are not only biocompatible, but enhance the differentiation of DPCs towards a phenotype that favors biomineralization. PAC-enriched refined mixtures can influence the field of biomaterials and regeneration by serving as renewable, non-cytotoxic agents that can increase the mechanical properties of biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Pine bark extract is a renewable source of structurally diverse proanthocyanidins (PACs), multifunctional compounds whose interaction with collagen can be tailored to specific purposes by enrichment of selected PACs from the complex mixture. Oligomeric PACs were enriched from the extract and were shown here to sustain desired tissue modification and were thus assessed for cellular response in a model of the dentin-pulp interface. This model was developed to mimic leaching of potentially reactive compounds into pulp tissue. Dental pulp cells exposed to PAC-treated dentin showed increased proliferation and expression of genes necessary for extracellular matrix deposition and biomineralization, processes crucial for forming new dentin. Thus, collagen-interactive PACs may also enhance tissue regeneration and have broad impact in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kulakowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States; College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - James McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
| | - Ana K Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
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Almhöjd US, Lingström P, Nilsson Å, Norén JG, Siljeström S, Östlund Å, Bernin D. Molecular Insights into Covalently Stained Carious Dentine Using Solid-State NMR and ToF-SIMS. Caries Res 2017; 51:255-263. [PMID: 28501859 DOI: 10.1159/000460828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyes currently used to stain carious dentine have a limited capacity to discriminate normal dentine from carious dentine, which may result in overexcavation. Consequently, finding a selective dye is still a challenge. However, there is evidence that hydrazine-based dyes, via covalent bonds to functional groups, bind specifically to carious dentine. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible formation of covalent bonds between carious dentine and 15N2-hydrazine and the hydrazine-based dye, 15N2-labelled Lucifer Yellow, respectively. Powdered dentine from extracted carious and normal teeth was exposed to the dyes, and the staining reactions were analysed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), solid-state 13C-labelled nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 15N-NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that 15N2-hydrazine and 15N2-labelled Lucifer Yellow both bind to carious dentine but not to normal dentine. It can thus be concluded that hydrazine-based dyes can be used to stain carious dentine and leave normal dentine unstained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrica S Almhöjd
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Kang KB, Kim HW, Kim JW, Oh WK, Kim J, Sung SH. Catechin-Bound Ceanothane-Type Triterpenoid Derivatives from the Roots of Zizyphus jujuba. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1048-1054. [PMID: 28257196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Three unprecedented ceanothane-type triterpenoids, ent-epicatechinoceanothic acid A (1), ent-epicatechinoceanothic acid B (2), and epicatechino-3-deoxyceanothetric acid A (3), containing C-C bond linkages with catechin moieties, were isolated from the roots of Zizyphus jujuba. Their chemical structures, including absolute configurations, were established by spectroscopic analysis and calculation of their ECD spectra. A possible biogenetic pathway for C-C bond formation between the catechin and the triterpenoid moieties is presented. Compound 1 was evaluated for its antiproliferative activity on HSC-T6 hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyo Bin Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Wha Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Keun Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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35
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Phansalkar RS, Simmler C, Bisson J, Chen SN, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Niemitz M, Pauli GF. Evolution of Quantitative Measures in NMR: Quantum Mechanical qHNMR Advances Chemical Standardization of a Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Extract. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:634-647. [PMID: 28067513 PMCID: PMC5368683 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemical standardization, along with morphological and DNA analysis ensures the authenticity and advances the integrity evaluation of botanical preparations. Achievement of a more comprehensive, metabolomic standardization requires simultaneous quantitation of multiple marker compounds. Employing quantitative 1H NMR (qHNMR), this study determined the total isoflavone content (TIfCo; 34.5-36.5% w/w) via multimarker standardization and assessed the stability of a 10-year-old isoflavone-enriched red clover extract (RCE). Eleven markers (nine isoflavones, two flavonols) were targeted simultaneously, and outcomes were compared with LC-based standardization. Two advanced quantitative measures in qHNMR were applied to derive quantities from complex and/or overlapping resonances: a quantum mechanical (QM) method (QM-qHNMR) that employs 1H iterative full spin analysis, and a non-QM method that uses linear peak fitting algorithms (PF-qHNMR). A 10 min UHPLC-UV method provided auxiliary orthogonal quantitation. This is the first systematic evaluation of QM and non-QM deconvolution as qHNMR quantitation measures. It demonstrates that QM-qHNMR can account successfully for the complexity of 1H NMR spectra of individual analytes and how QM-qHNMR can be built for mixtures such as botanical extracts. The contents of the main bioactive markers were in good agreement with earlier HPLC-UV results, demonstrating the chemical stability of the RCE. QM-qHNMR advances chemical standardization by its inherent QM accuracy and the use of universal calibrants, avoiding the impractical need for identical reference materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasika S. Phansalkar
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Jonathan Bisson
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - David C. Lankin
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | | | - Guido F. Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for
Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, College of Pharmacy, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
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Dudek MK, Gliński VB, Davey MH, Sliva D, Kaźmierski S, Gliński JA. Trimeric and Tetrameric A-Type Procyanidins from Peanut Skins. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:415-426. [PMID: 28231711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Peanut skins are a rich source of oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins. The oligomeric fractions are dominated by dimers, trimers, and tetramers. A multistep chromatographic fractionation led to the isolation of four new A-type procyanidins of tri- and tetrameric structures. The structures of the new trimers were defined by NMR, electronic circular dichroism, and MS data as epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-catechin, peanut procyanidin B (3), and epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-catechin, peanut procyanidin C (4). The new tetramers were defined as epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-catechin, peanut procyanidin E (1), and epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin, peanut procyanidin F (2). In addition, both A-type dimers A1, epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-catechin, and A2, epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-epicatechin, as well as two known peanut trimers, ent-epicatechin-(4β→6)-epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-catechin, peanut procyanidin A (5), and epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin-(4β→8,2β→O→7)-catechin, peanut procyanidin D (6), were also isolated. Dimer A1, the four trimers, and two tetramers were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in an in vitro assay, in which LPS-stimulated macrophages were responding with secretion of TNF-α, a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Tetramer F (2) was the most potent, suppressing TNF-α secretion to 82% at 8.7 μM (10 μg/mL), while tetramer E (1) at the same concentrations caused a 4% suppression. The results of the TNF-α secretion inhibition indicate that small structural differences, as in peanut procyanidin tetramers E and F, can be strongly differentiated in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta K Dudek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
- Physical Chemistry Department, Medical University of Warsaw , Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vitold B Gliński
- Planta Analytica LCC , 461 Danbury Road, New Milford, Connecticut 06776, United States
| | - Matthew H Davey
- Planta Analytica LCC , 461 Danbury Road, New Milford, Connecticut 06776, United States
| | - Daniel Sliva
- DSTest-Laboratories LLC , Purdue Research Park, 5225 Exploration Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana 46241, United States
| | - Sławomir Kaźmierski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences , Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan A Gliński
- Planta Analytica LCC , 461 Danbury Road, New Milford, Connecticut 06776, United States
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Bae M, Park SH, Kwon Y, Lee SK, Shin J, Nam JW, Oh DC. QM-HiFSA-Aided Structure Determination of Succinilenes A-D, New Triene Polyols from a Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E38. [PMID: 28216577 PMCID: PMC5334618 DOI: 10.3390/md15020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on profiles of secondary metabolites produced by marine bacteria obtained using LC/MS, succinilenes A-D (1-4), new triene polyols, were discovered from a culture of a Streptomyces strain SAK1, which was collected in the southern area of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. The gross structures of 1-4 were primarily determined through analysis of NMR spectra. The double bond geometries of the succinilenes, which could not be established from conventional ¹H NMR spectra because of the highly overlapped olefinic signals, were successfully deciphered using the recently developed quantum-mechanics-driven ¹H iterative full spin analysis (QM-HiFSA). Succinilenes A-C (1-3) displayed inhibitory effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, indicating their anti-inflammatory significance. These three compounds (1-3) commonly bear a succinic acid moiety, although succinilene D (4), which did not inhibit NO production, does not have this moiety in its structure. The absolute configurations of succinilenes A-D (1-4) were established through J-based configuration analysis, the modified Mosher's method following methanolysis, and CD spectral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munhyung Bae
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - So Hyun Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Yun Kwon
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Joo-Won Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea.
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Nam JW, Phansalkar RS, Lankin DC, McAlpine JB, Leme-Kraus AA, Vidal CMP, Gan LS, Bedran-Russo A, Chen SN, Pauli GF. Absolute Configuration of Native Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins with Dentin Biomodification Potency. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1316-1329. [PMID: 28098463 PMCID: PMC5451120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The structurally complex oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPACs) are promising biomimetic agents, capable of strengthening the macromolecular backbone of teeth via intermolecular and intermicrofibrillar cross-linking. This study establishes analytical methods capable of determining the absolute configuration of the catechin-type monomeric units of underivatized OPACs. This preserves the capacity of their biological evaluation, aimed at understanding the inevitably stereospecific interactions between the OPACs and dentin collagen. Guided by dental bioassays (modulus of elasticity, long-term stability), two new trimeric and tetrameric A-type OPACs were discovered as dentin biomodifiers from pine (Pinus massoniana) bark: epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-catechin (5) and epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→6)-epicatechin-(2β→O→7,4β→8)-catechin (6), respectively. Combining 1D/2D NMR, HRESIMS, ECD, 1H iterative full spin analysis (HiFSA), and gauge-invariant atomic orbital (GIAO) δ calculations, we demonstrate how 13C NMR chemical shifts (diastereomeric building blocks (A-type dimers)) empower the determination of the absolute configuration of monomeric units in the higher oligomers 5 and 6. Collectively, NMR with ECD reference data elevates the level of structural information achievable for these structurally demanding molecules when degradation analysis is to be avoided. Considering their numerous and deceptively subtle, but 3D impactful, structural variations, this advances the probing of OPAC chemical spaces for species that bind selectively to collagenous and potentially other biologically important biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Won Nam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Korea
| | - Rasika S. Phansalkar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - David C. Lankin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James B. McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ariene A. Leme-Kraus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Cristina M. P. Vidal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Li-She Gan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ana Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Cecchin D, Farina AP, Bedran-Russo AK. The effects of endodontic substances and naturally reducing agents on the bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer to root dentin. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:302-306. [PMID: 29386775 PMCID: PMC5767822 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_400_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX), and two naturally derived reducing agents on the bond strength of epoxy resin-based sealer to root dentin. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 single-rooted human teeth were prepared using ProTaper (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Johnson City, TN, USA) and an irrigation protocol including 5% NaOCl or 2% CHX gel, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), for smear layer removal. The following subgroups (n = 10) were also assessed according to the naturally derived reducing agent used: no agent (control group); grape seed extract (GSE); and green tea. Root canals were filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany). Bond strength was measured using the push-out test, and statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA; failure patterns (modes) were classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. The types of failure modes were evaluated using the Chi-squared test at α =0.05. Results: The irrigation protocols demonstrated similar bond strength values (P > 0.05). However, the Chi-squared test revealed significant differences in failure mode among the groups (P < 0.05). An increase in the incidence of adhesive failures was observed for the NaOCl and EDTA groups. The other groups demonstrated a prevalence of mixed and cohesive failures. Conclusion: The irrigation protocols and use of naturally derived reducing agents had no effect on the bond strength of the resin-based sealer to dentin; however, improvement was evident in the adhesion quality of AH Plus to NaOCl-treated root dentin, due to the prevalence of cohesive failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doglas Cecchin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana Paula Farina
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana Karina Bedran-Russo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Dudek MK, Bujacz G, Potrzebowski MJ. Experimental tests for quality validation of computationally predicted crystal structures – a case of a conformationally flexible procyanidin A-2 dihydrate. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00618g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Cross-linked dry bonding: A new etch-and-rinse technique. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1124-32. [PMID: 27431091 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if acid-etched, cross-linked dentin can be dehydrated without lowering bond strength below that of cross-linked wet-bonded dentin in vitro. METHODS Using extracted human third molars, control acid-etched dentin was bonded with Single Bond Plus, using either the wet- or dry-bonding technique. Experimental acid-etched dentin was treated with 5mass% grape seed extract (GSE) in different solvents for 1min before undergoing wet vs dry resin-dentin bonding with Single Bond Plus. Completely demineralized dentin beams were treated with 5% GSE for 0, 1 or 10min, before measuring stiffness by 3-point flexure. Other completely demineralized beams were treated similarly and then incubated in buffer for 1 week to measure the collagen solubilization by endogenous dentin proteases. RESULTS 24h microtensile bond strengths (μTBS) in wet and dry controls were 53.5±3.6 and 9.4±1.8MPa, respectively (p<0.05). 5% GSE in water gave μTBS of 53.7±3.4 and 39.1±9.7MPa (p<0.05), respectively, while 5% GSE in ethanol gave μTBS of 51.2±2.3 and 35.3±2.0MPa (p<0.05). 5% GSE in 5% EtOH/95% water gave wet and dry μTBS of 53.0±2.3 and 55.7±5.1MPa (p>0.05). Cross-linking demineralized dentin with 5% GSE increased stiffness of dentin and decreased collagen degradation (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE 5% GSE pretreatment of acid-etched dentin for 1min permits the dentin to be completely air-dried without lowering bond strength.
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Pauli GF, Niemitz M, Bisson J, Lodewyk MW, Soldi C, Shaw JT, Tantillo DJ, Saya JM, Vos K, Kleinnijenhuis RA, Hiemstra H, Chen SN, McAlpine JB, Lankin DC, Friesen JB. Toward Structural Correctness: Aquatolide and the Importance of 1D Proton NMR FID Archiving. J Org Chem 2016; 81:878-89. [PMID: 26812443 PMCID: PMC4746703 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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The revision of the structure of
the sesquiterpene aquatolide from
a bicyclo[2.2.0]hexane to a bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane structure using compelling
NMR data, X-ray crystallography, and the recent confirmation via full
synthesis exemplify that the achievement of “structural correctness”
depends on the completeness of the experimental evidence. Archived
FIDs and newly acquired aquatolide spectra demonstrate that archiving
and rigorous interpretation of 1D 1H NMR data may enhance
the reproducibility of (bio)chemical research and curb the growing
trend of structural misassignments. Despite being the most accessible
NMR experiment, 1D 1H spectra encode a wealth of information
about bonds and molecular geometry that may be fully mined by 1H iterative full spin analysis (HiFSA). Fully characterized
1D 1H spectra are unideterminant for a given structure.
The corresponding FIDs may be readily submitted with publications
and collected in databases. Proton NMR spectra are indispensable for
structural characterization even in conjunction with 2D data. Quantum
interaction and linkage tables (QuILTs) are introduced for a more
intuitive visualization of 1D J-coupling relationships,
NOESY correlations, and heteronuclear experiments. Overall, this study
represents a significant contribution to best practices in NMR-based
structural analysis and dereplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Matthias Niemitz
- PERCH Solutions Limited , Puijonkatu 24B5, 70110 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jonathan Bisson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Michael W Lodewyk
- Physical Science Department, Butte College , Oroville, California 95965, United States
| | - Cristian Soldi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States.,Federal University of Santa Catarina , Centro de Curitibanos, Rod. Ulysses Gaboardi, Km 3, Curitibanos, SC 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Jared T Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis , One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jordy M Saya
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Vos
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roel A Kleinnijenhuis
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Hiemstra
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - James B McAlpine
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - David C Lankin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy and Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago , 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - J Brent Friesen
- Physical Sciences Department, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University , 7900 West Division Street, River Forest, Illinois 60305, United States
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