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Tekin A, Kalpar M, Tekin E. Exploring the potential of Sn-Ge based hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites: A density functional theory based computational screening study. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:074703. [PMID: 39167549 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells have attracted significant attention in the field of optoelectronics due to their exceptional photovoltaic and optoelectronic properties. Although lead (Pb)-based perovskites exhibit the highest power conversion efficiencies, concerns about their toxicity and environmental impact have prompted significant research activities to explore alternative compositions. In this regard, a special emphasis has been devoted to tin (Sn) and germanium (Ge) based perovskites. In order to reveal the full potential of Sn-Ge based perovskites, we computationally screened perovskites with a general formula of A0.5A0.5'SnyGe1-yX3 (y = 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00) at the density functional theory level, particularly using the HSE06 hybrid functional. By using 18 A/A'-cations, four X-anions, and five different y compositions, a total of 7695 perovskites in cubic (C), orthogonal (O), and tetragonal (T) phases were considered, and the most promising ones have been filtered out based on their formation energy and bandgap. More specifically, 596, 525, and 542 C-, O-, and T-phase perovskites have been identified with a HSE06 bandgap range of 1.0-2.0 eV. While the Sn1.00Ge0.00 composition was dominated for both C- and O-phases, for the T-phase, a higher number of promising perovskites were obtained with the Sn0.75Ge0.25 composition. It has also been found that Sn-rich perovskites exhibit more favorable bandgap characteristics compared to Ge-rich ones. FA, MS, MA, K, Cs, and Rb are the most favored A/A'-cations in these promising perovskites. Moreover, I- overwhelmingly prevails as the dominant anion. Further experimental validation may uncover the true capabilities and practical applicability of these promising perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Tekin
- Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (TÜBİTAK-TBAE), Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Merve Kalpar
- Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Emine Tekin
- Chemisty Department, Düzce University, 81010 Düzce, Türkiye
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2
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Sasaki Y, Murayama M, Zhao X. Fabrication and Composition of MA 1-y FA y SnI 3-x Br x Thin Films for Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34339-34344. [PMID: 39157150 PMCID: PMC11325488 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have gained significant attention in recent years due to their lightweight nature, flexibility, and ability to generate power even in weak-light conditions. Despite these advantages, the current mainstream perovskite solar cells contain lead, raising concerns about their environmental and human health effects. Tin is expected to be a substitutional element for lead; however, tin-based perovskite solar cells currently have low power conversion efficiency. Altering the composition of the perovskite is crucial for enhancing its performance. In this study, perovskite solar cells with mixed MA/FA and I/Br components were designed and fabricated based on the calculation of the tolerance factor. The crystallinity and band gap of perovskite thin films were manipulated by changing the compositions of anions and cations. A suitable composition ratio for perovskite solar cells was proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Sasaki
- Department of Physics, Graduate
Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of
Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Mariko Murayama
- Department of Physics, Graduate
Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of
Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Xinwei Zhao
- Department of Physics, Graduate
Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of
Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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3
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Alipour A, Alipour H. Device modeling of high performance and eco-friendly FAMASnI 3 based perovskite solar cell. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15427. [PMID: 38965306 PMCID: PMC11224425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing environmentally friendly and highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) encounters significant challenges, specifically the potential toxicity and degradation of thin films in hybrid organic-inorganic photovoltaics (PV). We employed theoretical design strategies that produce hysteresis-reduced, efficient, and stable PSCs based on composition and interface engineering. The devices include a mixed-organic-cation perovskite formamidinium methylammonium tin iodide ( FAMASnI 3 ) as an absorber layer and zinc oxide (ZnO) together with a passivation film phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PC 61 BM ) as a double-electron transport layer (DETL). Furthermore, a nickel oxide (NiO) layer and a trap-free junction copper iodide (CuI) are used as a double-hole transport layer (DHTL). The optoelectronic characterization measurements were carried out to understand the physical mechanisms that govern the operation of the devices. The high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 24.27% and 23.50% were achieved in 1D and 2D simulations, respectively. This study illustrates that composition and interface engineering enable eco-friendly perovskite solar cells, improving performance and advancing clean energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Alipour
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
| | - Hossein Alipour
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Azad University of Lahijan, Lahijan, Gilan, 1616, Iran
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4
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Wang Z, Lyu M, Zhang BW, Xiao M, Zhang C, Han EQ, Wang L. Thermally Evaporated Metal Halide Perovskites and Their Analogues: Film Fabrication, Applications and Beyond. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301633. [PMID: 38682581 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites emerge as promising semiconductors for optoelectronic devices due to ease of fabrication, attractive photophysical properties, their low cost, highly tunable material properties, and high performance. High-quality thin films of metal halide perovskites are the basis of most of these applications including solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and electronic memristors. A typical fabrication method for perovskite thin films is the solution method, which has several limitations in device reproducibility, adverse environmental impact, and utilization of raw materials. Thermal evaporation holds great promise in addressing these bottlenecks in fabricating high-quality halide perovskite thin films. It also has high compatibility with mass-production platforms that are well-established in industries. This review first introduces the basics of the thermal evaporation method with a particular focus on the critical parameters influencing the thin film deposition. The research progress of the fabrication of metal halide perovskite thin films is further summarized by different thermal evaporation approaches and their applications in solar cells and other optoelectronic devices. Finally, research challenges and future opportunities for both fundamental research and commercialization are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Miaoqiang Lyu
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Bo Wei Zhang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Mu Xiao
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Chengxi Zhang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - E Q Han
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Nanomaterials Centre, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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5
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Afre RA, Pugliese D. Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review of the Latest Advances in Materials, Fabrication Techniques, and Stability Enhancement Strategies. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:192. [PMID: 38398920 PMCID: PMC10890723 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining popularity due to their high efficiency and low-cost fabrication. In recent decades, noticeable research efforts have been devoted to improving the stability of these cells under ambient conditions. Moreover, researchers are exploring new materials and fabrication techniques to enhance the performance of PSCs under various environmental conditions. The mechanical stability of flexible PSCs is another area of research that has gained significant attention. The latest research also focuses on developing tin-based PSCs that can overcome the challenges associated with lead-based perovskites. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in materials, fabrication techniques, and stability enhancement strategies for PSCs. It discusses the recent progress in perovskite crystal structure engineering, device construction, and fabrication procedures that has led to significant improvements in the photo conversion efficiency of these solar devices. The article also highlights the challenges associated with PSCs such as their poor stability under ambient conditions and discusses various strategies employed to enhance their stability. These strategies include the use of novel materials for charge transport layers and encapsulation techniques to protect PSCs from moisture and oxygen. Finally, this article provides a critical assessment of the current state of the art in PSC research and discusses future prospects for this technology. This review concludes that PSCs have great potential as a low-cost alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells but require further research to improve their stability under ambient conditions in view of their definitive commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh A. Afre
- Centre of Excellence in Nanotechnology (CoEN), Faculty of Engineering, Assam down town University (AdtU), Guwahati 781026, Assam, India;
| | - Diego Pugliese
- National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM), Strada delle Cacce 91, 10135 Torino, Italy
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6
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Zhou S, Fu S, Wang C, Meng W, Zhou J, Zou Y, Lin Q, Huang L, Zhang W, Zeng G, Pu D, Guan H, Wang C, Dong K, Cui H, Wang S, Wang T, Fang G, Ke W. Aspartate all-in-one doping strategy enables efficient all-perovskite tandems. Nature 2023; 624:69-73. [PMID: 37938775 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
All-perovskite tandem solar cells hold great promise in surpassing the Shockley-Queisser limit for single-junction solar cells1-3. However, the practical use of these cells is currently hampered by the subpar performance and stability issues associated with mixed tin-lead (Sn-Pb) narrow-bandgap perovskite subcells in all-perovskite tandems4-7. In this study, we focus on the narrow-bandgap subcells and develop an all-in-one doping strategy for them. We introduce aspartate hydrochloride (AspCl) into both the bottom poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) and bulk perovskite layers, followed by another AspCl posttreatment. We show that a single AspCl additive can effectively passivate defects, reduce Sn4+ impurities and shift the Fermi energy level. Additionally, the strong molecular bonding of AspCl-Sn/Pb iodide and AspCl-AspCl can strengthen the structure and thereby improve the stability of Sn-Pb perovskites. Ultimately, the implementation of AspCl doping in Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells yielded power conversion efficiencies of 22.46% for single-junction cells and 27.84% (27.62% stabilized and 27.34% certified) for tandems with 95% retention after being stored in an N2-filled glovebox for 2,000 h. These results suggest that all-in-one AspCl doping is a favourable strategy for enhancing the efficiency and stability of single-junction Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells and their tandems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhou
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqiang Fu
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Meng
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanrong Zou
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingxian Lin
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lishuai Huang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guojun Zeng
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dexin Pu
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongling Guan
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kailian Dong
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongsen Cui
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ti Wang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guojia Fang
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weijun Ke
- Key Lab of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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7
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Kong T, Song J, Zhang Y, Lim EL, Liu X, Tress W, Bi D. A Newly Crosslinked-double Network PEDOT:PSS@PEGDMA toward Highly-Efficient and Stable Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303159. [PMID: 37300348 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Until now, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrensulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used in Sn-Pb perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to its many advantages, including high optical transparency, suitable conductivity, superior wettability, and so on. However, the acidic and hydroscopic properties of the PSS component, as well as the incongruous energy level of the hole transport layer (HTL), may lead to unsatisfying interface properties and decreased device performance. Herein, by adding polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) into PEDOT:PSS, a newly crosslinked-double-network obtain of PEDOT:PSS@PEGDMA film, which could not only optimize nucleation and crystallinity of Sn-Pb perovskite films, but also suppress defect density and optimize energy level alignment at the HTL/perovskite interface. As a result, the achieves highly efficient and stable mixed Sn-Pb PSCs with an encouraging power conversion efficiency of 20.9%. Additionally, the device can maintain good stability under N2 atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Kong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of low carbon chemistry and process energy conservation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of low carbon chemistry and process energy conservation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of low carbon chemistry and process energy conservation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Eng Liang Lim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of low carbon chemistry and process energy conservation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xufu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of low carbon chemistry and process energy conservation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Wolfgang Tress
- ZHAW School of Engineering, Forschungsschwerpunkt Organic Electronics & Photovoltaics, Technikumstrasse 71, Winterthur, 8400, Switzerland
| | - Dongqin Bi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State key laboratory of optoelectronic materials and technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of low carbon chemistry and process energy conservation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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8
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Parrey I, Bilican F, Kursun C, Kart HH, Parrey KA. Mechanical Stability and Energy Gap Evolution in Cs-Based Ag, Bi Halide Double Perovskites under High Pressure: A Theoretical DFT Approach. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26577-26589. [PMID: 37521658 PMCID: PMC10373459 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to their intrinsic stability and reduced toxicity, lead-free halide double perovskite semiconductors have become potential alternatives to lead-based perovskites. In the present study, we used density functional theory simulations to investigate the mechanical stability and band gap evolution of double perovskites Cs2AgBiX6 (X = Cl and Br) under an applied pressure. To investigate the pressure-dependent properties, the hydrostatic pressure induced was in the range of 0-100 GPa. The mechanical behaviors indicated that the materials under study are both ductile and mechanically stable and that the induced pressure enhances the ductility. As a result of the induced pressure, the covalent bonds transformed into metallic bonds with a reduction in bond lengths. Electronic properties, energy bands, and electronic density of states were obtained with the hybrid HSE06 functional, including spin-orbit coupling (HSE06 + SOC) calculations. The electronic structure study revealed that Cs2AgBiX6 samples behave as X-Γ indirect gap semiconductors, and the gap reduces with the applied pressure. The pressure-driven samples ultimately transform from the semiconductor to a metallic phase at the given pressure range. Also, the calculations demonstrated that the applied pressure and spin-orbit coupling of the states pushed VBM and CBM toward the Fermi level which caused the evolution of the band gap. The relationship between the structure and band gap demonstrates the potential for designing lead-free inorganic perovskites for optoelectronic applications, including solar cells as well as X-ray detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismahan
Duz Parrey
- Science
Faculty, Department of Physics, Pamukkale
University, Denizli 20160, Türkiye
| | - Fuat Bilican
- Science
Faculty, Department of Physics, Pamukkale
University, Denizli 20160, Türkiye
| | - Celal Kursun
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Kahramanmaras
Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46040, Turkey
| | - Hasan Huseyin Kart
- Science
Faculty, Department of Physics, Aydın
Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye
| | - Khursheed Ahmad Parrey
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Kahramanmaras
Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras 46040, Turkey
- Faculty
of Natural Science, Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
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Chen X, Cheng J, He L, Zhao L, Zhang C, Pang A, Li J. Hole Transport Materials for Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells: Properties, Progress, Prospects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093787. [PMID: 37175196 PMCID: PMC10179829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of modern perovskite solar cells has surpassed that of commercial photovoltaic technology, showing great potential for commercial applications. However, the current high-performance perovskite solar cells all contain toxic lead elements, blocking their progress toward industrialization. Lead-free tin-based perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous research interest, and more than 14% power conversion efficiency has been achieved. In tin-based perovskite, Sn2+ is easily oxidized to Sn4+ in air. During this process, two additional electrons are introduced to form a heavy p-type doping perovskite layer, necessitating the production of hole transport materials different from that of lead-based perovskite devices or organic solar cells. In this review, for the first time, we summarize the hole transport materials used in the development of tin-based perovskite solar cells, describe the impact of different hole transport materials on the performance of tin-based perovskite solar cell devices, and summarize the recent progress of hole transport materials. Lastly, the development direction of lead-free tin-based perovskite devices in terms of hole transport materials is discussed based on their current development status. This comprehensive review contributes to the development of efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly tin-based perovskite devices and provides guidance for the hole transport layer material design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Chen
- School of Instrument Science and Opto Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Linfeng He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Longjiang Zhao
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao 276826, China
| | - Chunqian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Aiying Pang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Environmental Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Junming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
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10
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Sajid S, Alzahmi S, Salem IB, Park J, Obaidat IM. Lead-Free Perovskite Homojunction-Based HTM-Free Perovskite Solar Cells: Theoretical and Experimental Viewpoints. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:983. [PMID: 36985875 PMCID: PMC10054775 DOI: 10.3390/nano13060983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Simplifying the design of lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has drawn a lot of interest due to their low manufacturing cost and relative non-toxic nature. Focus has been placed mostly on reducing the toxic lead element and eliminating the requirement for expensive hole transport materials (HTMs). However, in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE), the PSCs using all charge transport materials surpass the environmentally beneficial HTM-free PSCs. The low PCEs of the lead-free HTM-free PSCs could be linked to poorer hole transport and extraction as well as lower light harvesting. In this context, a lead-free perovskite homojunction-based HTM-free PSC was investigated, and the performance was then assessed using a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). A two-step method was employed to fabricate lead-free perovskite homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs in order to validate the simulation results. The simulation results show that high hole mobility and a narrow band gap of cesium tin iodide (CsSnI3) boosted the hole collection and absorption spectrum, respectively. Additionally, the homojunction's built-in electric field, which was identified using SCAPS simulations, promoted the directed transport of the photo-induced charges, lowering carrier recombination losses. Homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs having a CsSnI3 layer with a thickness of 100 nm, defect density of 1015 cm-3, and interface defect density of 1018 cm-3 were found to be capable of delivering high PCEs under a working temperature of 300 K. When compared to formamidinium tin iodide (FASnI3)-based devices, the open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and PCE of FASnI3/CsSnI3 homojunction-based HTM-free PSCs were all improved from 0.66 to 0.78 V, 26.07 to 27.65 mA cm-2, 76.37 to 79.74%, and 14.62 to 19.03%, respectively. In comparison to a FASnI3-based device (PCE = 8.94%), an experimentally fabricated device using homojunction of FASnI3/CsSnI3 performs better with Voc of 0.84 V, Jsc of 22.06 mA cm-2, FF of 63.50%, and PCE of 11.77%. Moreover, FASnI3/CsSnI3-based PSC is more stable over time than its FASnI3-based counterpart, preserving 89% of its initial PCE. These findings provide promising guidelines for developing highly efficient and environmentally friendly HTM-free PSCs based on perovskite homojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Sajid
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salem Alzahmi
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Imen Ben Salem
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Jongee Park
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Atilim University, Ankara 06836, Turkey;
| | - Ihab M. Obaidat
- National Water and Energy Center, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Physics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Lye YE, Chan KY, Ng ZN. A Review on the Progress, Challenges, and Performances of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:585. [PMID: 36770546 PMCID: PMC9920041 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this twenty-first century, energy shortages have become a global issue as energy demand is growing at an astounding rate while the energy supply from fossil fuels is depleting. Thus, the urge to develop sustainable renewable energy to replace fossil fuels is significant to prevent energy shortages. Solar energy is the most promising, accessible, renewable, clean, and sustainable substitute for fossil fuels. Third-generation (3G) emerging solar cell technologies have been popular in the research field as there are many possibilities to be explored. Among the 3G solar cell technologies, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are the most rapidly developing technology, making them suitable for generating electricity efficiently with low production costs. However, the toxicity of Pb in organic-inorganic metal halide PSCs has inherent shortcomings, which will lead to environmental contamination and public health problems. Therefore, developing a lead-free perovskite solar cell is necessary to ensure human health and a pollution-free environment. This review paper summarized numerous types of Sn-based perovskites with important achievements in experimental-based studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen-Ean Lye
- School of Electrical Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kah-Yoong Chan
- Centre for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zi-Neng Ng
- School of Electrical Engineering and Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia
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12
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Macdonald TJ, Lanzetta L, Liang X, Ding D, Haque SA. Engineering Stable Lead-Free Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Lessons from Materials Chemistry. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022:e2206684. [PMID: 36458662 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Substituting toxic lead with tin (Sn) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the most promising route toward the development of high-efficiency lead-free devices. Despite the encouraging efficiencies of Sn-PSCs, they are still yet to surpass 15% and suffer detrimental oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV). Since their first application in 2014, investigations into the properties of Sn-PSCs have contributed to a growing understanding of the mechanisms, both detrimental and complementary to their stability. This review summarizes the evolution of Sn-PSCs, including early developments to the latest state-of-the-art approaches benefitting the stability of devices. The degradation pathways associated with Sn-PSCs are first outlined, followed by describing how composition engineering (A, B site modifications), additive engineering (oxidation prevention), and interface engineering (passivation strategies) can be employed as different avenues to improve the stability of devices. The knowledge about these properties is also not limited to PSCs and also applicable to other types of devices now employing Sn-based perovskite absorber layers. A detailed analysis of the properties and materials chemistry reveals a clear set of design rules for the development of stable Sn-PSCs. Applying the design strategies highlighted in this review will be essential to further improve both the efficiency and stability of Sn-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Macdonald
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Luis Lanzetta
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Xinxing Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dong Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Saif A Haque
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
- Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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13
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Wu Y, Feng J, Yang Z, Liu Y, Liu S(F. Halide Perovskite: A Promising Candidate for Next-Generation X-Ray Detectors. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2205536. [PMID: 36453564 PMCID: PMC9811474 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, metal halide perovskite (HP) has become a superstar semiconductor material due to its great application potential in the photovoltaic and photoelectric fields. In fact, HP initially attracted worldwide attention because of its excellent photovoltaic efficiency. However, HP and its derivatives also show great promise in X-ray detection due to their strong X-ray absorption, high bulk resistivity, suitable optical bandgap, and compatibility with integrated circuits. In this review, the basic working principles and modes of both the direct-type and the indirect-type X-ray detectors are first summarized before discussing the applicability of HP for these two types of detection based on the pros and cons of different perovskites. Furthermore, the authors expand their view to different preparation methods developed for HP including single crystals and polycrystalline materials. Upon systematically analyzing their potential for X-ray detection and photoelectronic characteristics on the basis of different structures and dimensions (0D, 2D, and 3D), recent progress of HPs (mainly polycrystalline) applied to flexible X-ray detection are reviewed, and their practicability and feasibility are discussed. Finally, by reviewing the current research on HP-based X-ray detection, the challenges in this field are identified, and the main directions and prospects of future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXi'an Shiyou UniversityXi'an710065China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Jiangshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Yucheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
| | - Shengzhong (Frank) Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryNational Ministry of EducationShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119China
- State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China
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14
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Chowdhury TH, Reo Y, Yusoff ARBM, Noh Y. Sn-Based Perovskite Halides for Electronic Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203749. [PMID: 36257820 PMCID: PMC9685468 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Because of its less toxicity and electronic structure analogous to that of lead, tin halide perovskite (THP) is currently one of the most favorable candidates as an active layer for optoelectronic and electric devices such as solar cells, photodiodes, and field-effect transistors (FETs). Promising photovoltaics and FETs performances have been recently demonstrated because of their desirable electrical and optical properties. Nevertheless, THP's easy oxidation from Sn2+ to Sn4+ , easy formation of tin vacancy, uncontrollable film morphology and crystallinity, and interface instability severely impede its widespread application. This review paper aims to provide a basic understanding of THP as a semiconductor by highlighting the physical structure, energy band structure, electrical properties, and doping mechanisms. Additionally, the key chemical instability issues of THPs are discussed, which are identified as the potential bottleneck for further device development. Based on the understanding of the THPs properties, the key recent progress of THP-based solar cells and FETs is briefly discussed. To conclude, current challenges and perspective opportunities are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Towhid H. Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Reo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Abd Rashid Bin Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
| | - Yong‐Young Noh
- Department of Chemical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐GuPohang37673Republic of Korea
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15
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Chen YF, Luo ZM, Chiang CH, Wu CG. Multifunctional Ionic Fullerene Additive for Synergistic Boundary and Defect Healing of Tin Perovskite to Achieve High-Efficiency Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:46603-46614. [PMID: 36218241 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A series of new ionic fullerene derivatives (C60-RNH3-X; X = Cl, Br, or I) were designed especially for using as additives for tin perosvkite (TPsk, with chemical formula of FA0.98EDA0.01SnI3) to form TPsk-C60-RNH3-X bulk heterojunction (BHJ) films. Inverted tin-perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) based on BHJ TPsk-C60-RNH3-Br absorber achieved the highest power conversion efficiency up to 11.74% with very high FF of 73%, without current hysteresis and stable in a glovebox. The designed spherical ionic fullerene halide additive, sitting in the grain boundaries of the TPsk film, can not only improve the quality of the TPsk film and change the valence band energy to match better with the PEDOT:PSS hole transporter but also be a carrier transporting connector between tin-perovskite grains, the defects/traps passivation/healing agent by interacting with Sn2+ ions and filling the halogen vacancies. The functions of the ionic fullerene halide additive were revealed with XRD patterns, SEM images, element mapping, UPS spectra, infrared spectra, AFM, and SCLC data. Being able to passivate newly generated defects during device operation or sitting on the shelf is an important step to improve the long-term stability of TPSCs. If a passivation agent can move dynamically during cell operation or storage to heal the defects of perovskite, the instability problem of TPSCs can be alleviated. The spherical ionic fullerene halide could be one of the ideal passivation agents satisfying this purpose.
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16
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Zhang Z, Kamarudin MA, Baranwal AK, Wang L, Kapil G, Sahamir SR, Sanehira Y, Chen M, Shen Q, Hayase S. Indent-Free Vapor-Assisted Surface Passivation Strategy toward Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36200-36208. [PMID: 35881921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sn halide perovskite solar cells (PKSCs) are the most promising competitors to conventional lead PKSCs. Nevertheless, defects at the surfaces and grain boundaries hinder the improvement of the PKSCs' performance. Liquid surface passivation on the perovskite layer is commonly used to decrease these defects. In the case of tin perovskite solar cells, the liquid passivation improved the open-circuit voltage (Voc). However, this decreased the short-circuit current density (Jsc). We found that this Jsc loss is brought about by the thickness loss after the liquid passivation because tin perovskite layers are partially soluble in common solvents, and the calculated impact pressure was up to 155.4 kPa. Here, we introduce new vapor passivation including solvent and passivation molecules and report efficiency enhancement without decreasing Jsc. The vapor-passivated film showed longer time-resolved photoluminescence decay, smoother morphology, and lower defect densities. Most importantly, the vapor passivation method significantly enhanced the efficiency from 9.41 to 11.29% with Jsc increasing from 22.82 to 24.05 mA·cm-2. On the contrary, the corresponding liquid passivation method gave an efficiency of 10.90% with a decreased Jsc from 22.82 to 22.38 mA·cm-2. A commonly used and simple indent-free surface passivation strategy is proposed to enhance the efficiency and stability of PKSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Muhammad Akmal Kamarudin
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Ajay Kumar Baranwal
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Liang Wang
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Gaurav Kapil
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Shahrir Razey Sahamir
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sanehira
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Qing Shen
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communication, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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17
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Byranvand MM, Zuo W, Imani R, Pazoki M, Saliba M. Tin-based halide perovskite materials: properties and applications. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6766-6781. [PMID: 35774180 PMCID: PMC9200135 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01914k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite materials have attracted considerable research interest, especially for photovoltaics. In addition, their scope has been extended towards light-emitting devices, photodetectors, or detectors. However, the toxicity of lead (Pb) element in perovskite compositions limits their applications. Therefore, a tremendous research effort on replacing is underway. More specifically, tin-based perovskites have shown the highest potential for this purpose. However, many challenges remain before these materials reach the goals of stability, safety, and eventually commercial application. This perspective considers many aspects and the critical development possibilities of tin-based perovskites, including drawbacks and challenges based on their physical properties. Additionally, it provides insights for future device applications that go beyond solar cells. Finally, the existing challenges and opportunities in tin-based perovskites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Malekshahi Byranvand
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart Pfafenwaldring 47 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Weiwei Zuo
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart Pfafenwaldring 47 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Roghayeh Imani
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart Pfafenwaldring 47 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Meysam Pazoki
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart Pfafenwaldring 47 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael Saliba
- Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv), University of Stuttgart Pfafenwaldring 47 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Helmholtz Young Investigator Group FRONTRUNNER, IEK5-Photovoltaik Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany
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18
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Influence/Effect of Deep-Level Defect of Absorber Layer and n/i Interface on the Performance of Antimony Triselenide Solar Cells by Numerical Simulation. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14116780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The antimony sulphide (AnS) solar cell is a relatively new photovoltaic technology. Because of its attractive material, optical, and electrical qualities, Sb2Se3 is an excellent absorption layer in solar cells, with a conversion efficiency of less than 8%. The purpose of this research is to determine the best parameter for increasing solar cell efficiency. This research focused on the influence of absorber layer defect density and the n/i interface on the performance of antimony trisulfide solar cells. The researchers designed the absorber thickness values with the help of the SCAPS-1D (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-1D) simulation programme. For this purpose, they designed the ZnS/Sb2Se3/PEDOT: PSS planar p-i-n structure, and then simulated its performance. This result confirms a Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of ≥25% at an absorber layer thickness of >300 nm and a defect density of 1014 cm−3, which were within the acceptable range. In this experiment, the researchers hypothesised that the antimony triselenide conduction band possessed a typical energy of ≈0.1 eV and an energetic defect level of ≈0.6 eV. At the n/i interface, every condition generated a similar result. However, the researchers noted a few limitations regarding the relationship between the defect mechanism and the device performance.
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19
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Pitaro M, Tekelenburg EK, Shao S, Loi MA. Tin Halide Perovskites: From Fundamental Properties to Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105844. [PMID: 34626031 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites have unique optical and electrical properties, which make them an excellent class of materials for a broad spectrum of optoelectronic applications. However, it is with photovoltaic devices that this class of materials has reached the apotheosis of popularity. High power conversion efficiencies are achieved with lead-based compounds, which are toxic to the environment. Tin-based perovskites are the most promising alternative because of their bandgap close to the optimal value for photovoltaic applications, the strong optical absorption, and good charge carrier mobilities. Nevertheless, the low defect tolerance, the fast crystallization, and the oxidative instability of tin halide perovskites currently limit their efficiency. The aim of this review is to give a detailed overview of the crystallographic, photophysical, and optoelectronic properties of tin-based perovskite compounds in their multiple forms from 3D to low-dimensional structures. At the end, recent progress in tin-based perovskite solar cells are reviewed, mainly focusing on the detail of the strategies adopted to improve the device performances. For each subtopic, the current challenges and the outlook are discussed, with the aim to stimulate the community to address the most important issues in a concerted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Pitaro
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco Kinsa Tekelenburg
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Shuyan Shao
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Photophysics and OptoElectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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20
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Wang H, Zhang C, Huang W, Zou X, Chen Z, Sun S, Zhang L, Li J, Cheng J, Huang S, Gu M, Chen X, Guo X, Gui R, Wang W. Research progress of ABX 3-type lead-free perovskites for optoelectronic applications: materials and devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27585-27605. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We summarize the development and application of ABX3-type lead-free halide perovskite materials, especially in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunqian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shengliu Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Junming Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Applied Science, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shixian Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mingkai Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinyao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruoxia Gui
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100101, China
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21
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Ham A, Kim TS, Kang M, Cho H, Kang K. Strategies for chemical vapor deposition of two-dimensional organic-inorganic halide perovskites. iScience 2021; 24:103486. [PMID: 34927028 PMCID: PMC8649807 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) with an alternating stacked structure of an organic layer and an inorganic layer draw significant attention for photovoltaics, multiple quantum-well, and passivation of three-dimensional perovskites. Although the low-cost and simple spin-coating process of these materials offers a vast platform to study fundamental properties and help them achieve rapid progress in electronics and optoelectronics, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth is also necessary for large-area, epitaxial, selective, and conformal growth. Here, one-step CVD strategies for 2D OIHP growth are proposed, and the growth trends depending on the precursor and substrate conditions are discussed. We report a CVD-grown nontoxic, lead-free 2D tin-OIHP flake to show the system offering a universal route to synthesize perovskite crystals based on arbitrary organic and inorganic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayoung Ham
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsoo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Himchan Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kibum Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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22
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Liu H, Sun J, Hu H, Li Y, Hu B, Xu B, Choy WCH. Antioxidation and Energy-Level Alignment for Improving Efficiency and Stability of Hole Transport Layer-Free and Methylammonium-Free Tin-Lead Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45059-45067. [PMID: 34505788 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites have shown great potential in applications of single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and tandem devices due to outstanding photoelectrical properties and low band gaps. Currently, Sn-Pb PSCs typically have a p-i-n structure, but choices of hole transport layer (HTL) materials are very limited and there are different concerns in each of them. Eliminating the HTL is a direct and promising strategy to address the concerns, but is rarely studied. In this work, we demonstrate HTL-free and MA-free based Sn-Pb PSCs and a synergistic integration strategy of simultaneously introducing a reducing agent and in situ surface passivation. With the integration strategy, Sn-Pb perovskite films with enhanced antioxidation, reduced trap density, prolonged carrier lifetime, and improved energy-level alignment are achieved. Consequently, final HTL-free PSCs exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.4%, which is a new record for HTL-free and MA-free Sn-Pb PSCs. Meanwhile, the integration strategy-based HTL-free device maintains excellent stability with efficiency unchanged for the first 200 h, and finally retaining 81% of the efficiency after 480 h aging in the air. This study shows the potential of achieving desirable HTL-free and MA-free Sn-Pb PSCs and offers more opportunities for tandem solar cells and other photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China
| | - Jiayun Sun
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China
| | - Han Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bihua Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Baomin Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Shenzhen Engineering Research and Development Center for Flexible Solar Cells, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, China
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Huang X, Li Q, Shi W, Liu K, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wei X, Zhao Z, Guo Y, Liu Y. Dual-Mode Learning of Ambipolar Synaptic Phototransistor Based on 2D Perovskite/Organic Heterojunction for Flexible Color Recognizable Visual System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2102820. [PMID: 34319659 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202102820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Artificial intelligence vision systems (AIVSs) with information sensing, processing, and storage functions are increasingly gaining attention in the science and technology community. Although synapse phototransistor (SPT) is one of the essential components in AIVSs, solution-processed large-area photonic synapses that can detect and recognize multi-wavelength light are highly desirable. One of the major challenges in this area is the inability of the available materials to distinguish colors from the visible light to the near-infrared (NIR) light for single carrier (hole-only or electron-only) SPTs owing to lack of cognitive elements. Herein, 2D perovskite/organic heterojunction (PEA2 SnI4 /Y6) ambipolar SPTs (POASPTs) are developed via solution process. The POASPTs can display dual-mode learning process, which can convert light signals into postsynaptic currents with excitement/inhibition modes (hole-transporting region) or inhibition/excitement (electron-transporting region). The POASPTs exhibit high responsivity to visible light (104 A W-1 ) and NIR light (200 A W-1 ), and effectively perform learning and memory simultaneously. The flexible POASPT arrays can successfully recognize the images of different colors of light. This study reveals that the fabricated POASPTs have great potentials in the development of large-area, high-efficiency, and low-cost AIVSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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24
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Wang J, Gong S, Chen Z, Yang S. Vacuum-Assisted Drying Process for Screen-Printable Carbon Electrodes of Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Performance Based on Cuprous Thiocyanate as a Hole Transporting Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:22684-22693. [PMID: 33947186 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based perovskite solar cells without a hole transport layer (HTL) are considered to be highly stable and of low cost. However, the deficient interface contact and inferior hole extraction capability restrict the further improvement of the device efficiency. Introducing a hole transporting layer, such as cuprous thiocyanate (CuSCN), can enhance the hole extraction ability and improve the interface contact. However, our further studies indicated that-at a certain temperature-for carbon-based solar cells, in the CuSCN layer, the diffusion of SCN- into the perovskite film would produce more interfacial defects and aggravate nonradiative recombination, thus hindering the carrier transport. We further disclosed the reasons for performance attenuation during the thermal treatment of carbon electrodes, proposed a vacuum-assisted drying process for carbon electrodes to suppress the destructive effect, and finally, achieved an enhanced efficiency for perovskite solar cells with a CuSCN inorganic HTL and screen-printable carbon electrode. Also, the unencapsulated perovskite solar cell demonstrated over 80% efficiency retention after being stored in an ambient atmosphere (45-70% relative humidity (RH)) for over 1000 h and maintained over 85% efficiency retention for 309 h of 1-sun irradiation under a continuous nitrogen flow under open-circuit conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuiping Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Zongqi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Songwang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201899, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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25
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Huang YT, Kavanagh SR, Scanlon DO, Walsh A, Hoye RLZ. Perovskite-inspired materials for photovoltaics and beyond-from design to devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:132004. [PMID: 33260167 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abcf6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites have demonstrated astonishing increases in power conversion efficiency in photovoltaics over the last decade. The most efficient perovskite devices now outperform industry-standard multi-crystalline silicon solar cells, despite the fact that perovskites are typically grown at low temperature using simple solution-based methods. However, the toxicity of lead and its ready solubility in water are concerns for widespread implementation. These challenges, alongside the many successes of the perovskites, have motivated significant efforts across multiple disciplines to find lead-free and stable alternatives which could mimic the ability of the perovskites to achieve high performance with low temperature, facile fabrication methods. This Review discusses the computational and experimental approaches that have been taken to discover lead-free perovskite-inspired materials, and the recent successes and challenges in synthesizing these compounds. The atomistic origins of the extraordinary performance exhibited by lead-halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices is discussed, alongside the key challenges in engineering such high-performance in alternative, next-generation materials. Beyond photovoltaics, this Review discusses the impact perovskite-inspired materials have had in spurring efforts to apply new materials in other optoelectronic applications, namely light-emitting diodes, photocatalysts, radiation detectors, thin film transistors and memristors. Finally, the prospects and key challenges faced by the field in advancing the development of perovskite-inspired materials towards realization in commercial devices is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Teng Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Seán R Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - David O Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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26
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Li X, Gao X, Zhang X, Shen X, Lu M, Wu J, Shi Z, Colvin VL, Hu J, Bai X, Yu WW, Zhang Y. Lead-Free Halide Perovskites for Light Emission: Recent Advances and Perspectives. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2003334. [PMID: 33643803 PMCID: PMC7887601 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Lead-based halide perovskites have received great attention in light-emitting applications due to their excellent properties, including high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), tunable emission wavelength, and facile solution preparation. In spite of excellent characteristics, the presence of toxic element lead directly obstructs their further commercial development. Hence, exploiting lead-free halide perovskite materials with superior properties is urgent and necessary. In this review, the deep-seated reasons that benefit light emission for halide perovskites, which help to develop lead-free halide perovskites with excellent performance, are first emphasized. Recent advances in lead-free halide perovskite materials (single crystals, thin films, and nanocrystals with different dimensionalities) from synthesis, crystal structures, optical and optoelectronic properties to applications are then systematically summarized. In particular, phosphor-converted LEDs and electroluminescent LEDs using lead-free halide perovskites are fully examined. Ultimately, based on current development of lead-free halide perovskites, the future directions of lead-free halide perovskites in terms of materials and light-emitting devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Xupeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Xiangtong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of EducationNational & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High‐Efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologySchool of Materials and EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Centre of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng475000China
| | - Xinyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Jinlei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of EducationDepartment of Physics and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China
| | | | - Junhua Hu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low‐carbon & Environmental MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
| | - William W. Yu
- Department of Chemistry and PhysicsLouisiana State UniversityShreveportLA71115USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics and College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China
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27
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Mahajan P, Datt R, Chung Tsoi W, Gupta V, Tomar A, Arya S. Recent progress, fabrication challenges and stability issues of lead-free tin-based perovskite thin films in the field of photovoltaics. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Ozório MS, Srikanth M, Besse R, Da Silva JLF. The role of the A-cations in the polymorphic stability and optoelectronic properties of lead-free ASnI 3 perovskites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2286-2297. [PMID: 33443529 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tin-based ASnI3 perovskites have been considered excellent candidates for lead-free perovskite solar cell applications; however, our atomistic understanding of the role of the A-cations, namely, CH3NH3 (methylammonium, MA), CH3PH3 (methylphosphonium, MP) and CH(NH2)2 (formamidinium, FA), in the physical chemistry properties is far from satisfactory. For the first time, we report a density functional theory investigation of the MPSnI3 perovskite and non-perovskite phases as well as their comparison with the MASnI3 and FASnI3 phases, where we considered the role of the A-cation orientations in the structural stability of the ASnI3 phases. The orthorhombic structure is the most stable studied phase, which agrees with experimentally reported phase-transition trends. In contrast with the cation size and the weak hydrogen bonding interactions, which contribute to structural cohesion between the inorganic framework and A-cation, the dipole-dipole interactions play an important role to drive the structures to the lowest energy configurations. From our analysis, the inorganic framework dominates the optical properties, band structure, and density of states around the band edges. Broader absorption and smaller band gap energies occur for the perovskite structures compared to the low-dimensional hexagonal/pseudo-hexagonal non-perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailde S Ozório
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, PO Box 780, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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29
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Wang M, Wang W, Ma B, Shen W, Liu L, Cao K, Chen S, Huang W. Lead-Free Perovskite Materials for Solar Cells. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:62. [PMID: 34138241 PMCID: PMC8187519 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-020-00578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity issue of lead hinders large-scale commercial production and photovoltaic field application of lead halide perovskites. Some novel non- or low-toxic perovskite materials have been explored for development of environmentally friendly lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This review studies the substitution of equivalent/heterovalent metals for Pb based on first-principles calculation, summarizes the theoretical basis of lead-free perovskites, and screens out some promising lead-free candidates with suitable bandgap, optical, and electrical properties. Then, it reports notable achievements for the experimental studies of lead-free perovskites to date, including the crystal structure and material bandgap for all of lead-free materials and photovoltaic performance and stability for corresponding devices. The review finally discusses challenges facing the successful development and commercialization of lead-free PSCs and predicts the prospect of lead-free PSCs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben Ma
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Cao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Zhu M, Cao G, Zhou Z. Recent progress toward highly efficient tin‐based perovskite (ASnX3) solar cells. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Guorui Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P. R. China
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31
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Bai D, Wang H, Bai Y, Najar A, Saleh N, Wang L, Liu SF. ASnX
3
—Better than Pb‐based Perovskite. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Bai
- Shaanxi Normal University No. 620, West Chang'an Street, Chang'an district Xi'an Shaanxi 710119 China
| | - Haoxu Wang
- Shaanxi Normal University No. 620, West Chang'an Street, Chang'an district Xi'an Shaanxi 710119 China
- The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Yang Bai
- The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Adel Najar
- United Arab Emirates University Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Na'il Saleh
- United Arab Emirates University Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Shengzhong Frank Liu
- Shaanxi Normal University No. 620, West Chang'an Street, Chang'an district Xi'an Shaanxi 710119 China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Dalian China
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32
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Handa T, Yamada T, Nagai M, Kanemitsu Y. Phonon, thermal, and thermo-optical properties of halide perovskites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26069-26087. [PMID: 33174887 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04426a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites are semiconductors with many fascinating characteristics and their widespread use in optoelectronic devices has been expected. High-quality thin films and single crystals can be fabricated by simple chemical solution processes and their fundamental electrical, optical, and thermal properties can be changed significantly by compositional substitution, in particular halogen ions. In this perspective, we provide an overview of phonon and thermal properties of metal halide perovskites, which play a decisive role in determining device performance. After a brief introduction to fundamental material properties, longitudinal-optical phonons and unusual thermal properties of metal halide perovskites are discussed. Remarkably, they possess very low thermal conductivities and very large thermal expansion coefficients despite their crystalline nature. In line with these discussions, we present optical properties governed by the strong electron-phonon interactions and the unusual thermal properties. By showing their unique thermo-optic responses and novel application examples, we highlight some aspects of the unusual thermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketo Handa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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33
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Abstract
Since its invention in 2009, Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted great attention because of its low cost, numerous options of efficiency enhancement, ease of manufacturing and high-performance. Within a short span of time, the PSC has already outperformed thin-film and multicrystalline silicon solar cells. A current certified efficiency of 25.2% demonstrates that it has the potential to replace its forerunner generations. However, to commercialize PSCs, some problems need to be addressed. The toxic nature of lead which is the major component of light absorbing layer, and inherited stability issues of fabricated devices are the major hurdles in the industrialization of this technology. Therefore, new researching areas focus on the lead-free metal halide perovskites with analogous optical and photovoltaic performances. Tin being nontoxic and as one of group IV(A) elements, is considered as the most suitable alternate for lead because of their similarities in chemical properties. Efficiencies exceeding 13% have been recorded using Tin halide perovskite based devices. This review summarizes progress made so far in this field, mainly focusing on the stability and photovoltaic performances. Role of different cations and their composition on device performances and stability have been involved and discussed. With a considerable room for enhancement of both efficiency and device stability, different optimized strategies reported so far have also been presented. Finally, the future developing trends and prospects of the PSCs are analyzed and forecasted.
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34
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Cao H, Dong Z, Qiu Y, Li J, Wang Y, Li Z, Yang L, Yin S. Precursor Engineering of Vapor-Exchange Processes for 20%-Efficient 1 cm 2 Inverted-Structure Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:41303-41311. [PMID: 32797753 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to mass diffusion issues, it is challenging to prepare black-phase thick formamidinium-based perovskite (FAPbI3) films via vapor approaches. Precursor engineering is employed here to overcome the dilemma of thorough reaction and black-phase stabilization of FAPbI3 in a sequential vapor approach. For the first time, FAPbBr3 was used as an additive in the precursor to promote the formation of FAPbI3 perovskite. To balance off the increased crystallization degree of precursor films due to the addition of FAPbBr3, CsI dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was further added. It is indicated that the simultaneous incorporation of FAPbBr3 and CsI-DMSO successfully accelerated the formation rate of perovskite and inhibited the formation of FAPbI3 yellow phase. The power conversion efficiency of the as-prepared devices of different areas (0.1125 or 1 cm2) reached 20%, the first report of large-area 20%-efficiency PSCs based on a vapor approach, highlighting its applicability to large-area manufacture in the future. Furthermore, when blade coating is used in preparing the precursor film, the efficiency reached 19%. When the precursor film was prepared by dip coating, we could prepare conformal FAPbI3 coatings on carbon fibers, suggesting possible future applications in fabricating wearable PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Dong
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Tianjin Key Lab of Advanced Functional Porous Materials, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Jinzhao Li
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, HySPRINT Innovation Lab: Young Investigator Group Hybrid Materials Formation and Scaling, Kekuléststraße 5, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Yujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Liying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
| | - Shougen Yin
- Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China
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35
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Li N, Niu X, Chen Q, Zhou H. Towards commercialization: the operational stability of perovskite solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8235-8286. [PMID: 32909584 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00573h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention owing to their high power conversion efficiency (25.2%) and low fabrication cost. However, the short lifetime under operation is the major obstacle for their commercialization. With efforts from the entire PSC research community, significant advances have been witnessed to improve the device operational stability, and a timely summary on the progress is urgently needed. In this review, we first clarify the definition of operational stability and its significance in the context of practical use. By analyzing the mechanisms in established approaches for operational stability improvement, we summarize several effective strategies to extend device lifetime in a layer-by-layer sequence across the entire PSC. These mechanisms are discussed in the contexts of chemical reactions, photo-physical management, technological modification, etc., which may inspire future R&D for stable PSCs. Finally, emerging operational stability standards with respect to testing and reporting device operational stability are summarized and discussed, which may help reliable device stability data circulate in the research community. The main target of this review is gaining insight into the operational stability of PSCs, as well as providing useful guidance to further improve their operational lifetime by rational materials processing and device fabrication, which would finally promote the commercialization of perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengxu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, BIC-ESAT, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
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36
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Gu S, Lin R, Han Q, Gao Y, Tan H, Zhu J. Tin and Mixed Lead-Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells: Progress and their Application in Tandem Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907392. [PMID: 32053273 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites have recently attracted enormous attention for photovoltaic applications due to their superior optical and electrical properties. Lead (Pb) halide perovskites stand out among this material series, with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 25%. According to the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit, lead halide perovskites typically exhibit bandgaps that are not within the optimal range for single-junction solar cells. Partial or complete replacement of lead with tin (Sn) is gaining increasing research interest, due to the promise of further narrowing the bandgaps. This enables ideal solar utilization for single-junction solar cells as well as the construction of all-perovskite tandem solar cells. In addition, the usage of Sn provides a path to the fabrication of lead-free or Pb-reduced perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Recent progress in addressing the challenges of fabricating efficient Sn halide and mixed lead-tin (Pb-Sn) halide PSCs is summarized herein. Mixed Pb-Sn halide perovskites hold promise not only for higher efficiency and more stable single-junction solar cells but also for efficient all-perovskite monolithic tandem solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Renxing Lin
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiaolei Han
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Hairen Tan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jia Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankou Rd., Gulou District, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Yokoyama T, Nishitani Y, Miyamoto Y, Kusumoto S, Uchida R, Matsui T, Kawano K, Sekiguchi T, Kaneko Y. Improving the Open-Circuit Voltage of Sn-Based Perovskite Solar Cells by Band Alignment at the Electron Transport Layer/Perovskite Layer Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:27131-27139. [PMID: 32427458 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites are promising materials for realization of low-cost and high-efficiency solar cells. Because of the toxicity of lead, Sn-based perovskite materials have been developed as alternatives to enable fabrication of Pb-free perovskite solar cells. However, the solar cell performance of Sn-based perovskite solar cells (Sn-PSCs) remains poor because of their large open-circuit voltage (VOC) loss. Sn-based perovskite materials have lower electron affinities than Pb-based perovskite materials, which result in larger conduction band offset (CBO) values at the interface between the Sn-based perovskite and a conventional electron transport layer (ETL) material such as TiO2. Herein, the relationship between the VOC and the CBO in these devices was studied to improve the solar cell performances of Sn-PSCs. It was found that the band offset at the ETL/perovskite layer interface affects the VOC of the Sn-PSCs significantly but does not affect that of the Pb-PSCs because the Sn-based perovskite material is a p-type semiconductor, unlike the Pb-based perovskite. It was also found that Nb2O5 has the CBO that is closest to zero for Sn-based perovskite materials, and the VOC values of Sn-PSCs that use Nb2O5 as their ETL are higher than those of Sn-PSCs using TiO2 or SnO2 ETLs. This study indicates that control of the energy alignment at the ETL/perovskite layer interface is an important factor in improving the VOC values of Sn-PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Yokoyama
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Yu Nishitani
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Yumi Miyamoto
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Shohei Kusumoto
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Uchida
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Taisuke Matsui
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawano
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Sekiguchi
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kaneko
- Technology Innovation Division, Panasonic Corporation, 3-1-1 Yagumo-nakamachi, Moriguchi City, Osaka 570-8501, Japan
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Zhu T, Yang Y, Gong X. Recent Advancements and Challenges for Low-Toxicity Perovskite Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26776-26811. [PMID: 32432455 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead-based organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have been developed for advanced optoelectronic applications. However, the toxicity of lead and the chemical instability of lead-based perovskite materials have so far been demonstrated to be an overwhelming challenge. The discovery of perovskite materials based on low-toxicity elements, such as Sn, Bi, Sb, Ge, and Cu, with superior optoelectronic properties provides alternative approaches to realize high-performance perovskite optoelectronics. In this review, recent advances in the aspects of low-toxicity perovskite solar cells, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes, and thermoelectric devices are highlighted. The antioxidation stability of metal cation and the crystallization process of the low-toxicity perovskite materials are discussed. In the last part, the outlook toward addressing various issues requiring further attention in the development of low-toxicity perovskite materials is outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yongrui Yang
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Xiong Gong
- Department of Polymer Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Establishing charge-transfer excitons in 2D perovskite heterostructures. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2618. [PMID: 32457289 PMCID: PMC7250833 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Charge-transfer excitons (CTEs) immensely enrich property-tuning capabilities of semiconducting materials. However, such concept has been remaining as unexplored topic within halide perovskite structures. Here, we report that CTEs can be effectively formed in heterostructured 2D perovskites prepared by mixing PEA2PbI4:PEA2SnI4, functioning as host and guest components. Remarkably, a broad emission can be demonstrated with quick formation of 3 ps but prolonged lifetime of ~0.5 μs. This broad PL presents the hypothesis of CTEs, verified by the exclusion of lattice distortion and doping effects through demonstrating double-layered PEA2PbI4/PEA2SnI4 heterostructure when shearing-away PEA2SnI4 film onto the surface of PEA2PbI4 film by using hand-finger pressing method. The below-bandgap photocurrent indicates that CTEs are vital states formed at PEA2PbI4:PEA2SnI4 interfaces in 2D perovskite heterostructures. Electroluminescence shows that CTEs can be directly formed with electrically injected carriers in perovskite LEDs. Clearly, the CTEs presents a new mechanism to advance the multifunctionalities in 2D perovskites. Forming charge transfer excitons (CTEs) exclusively within perovskite structures remains as an unexplored issue. Here, the authors report the establishment of CTEs for demonstrating broad light emission within quasi-2D perovskite heterostructures, presenting “intermolecular-type” excited states.
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Wang P, Li F, Jiang K, Zhang Y, Fan H, Zhang Y, Miao Y, Huang J, Gao C, Zhou X, Wang F, Yang L, Zhan C, Song Y. Ion Exchange/Insertion Reactions for Fabrication of Efficient Methylammonium Tin Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903047. [PMID: 32382478 PMCID: PMC7201265 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The low toxicity, narrow bandgaps, and high charge-carrier mobilities make tin perovskites the most promising light absorbers for low-cost perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the development of the Sn-based PSCs is seriously hampered by the critical issues of poor stability and low power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to the facile oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ and poor film formability of the perovskite films. Herein, a synthetic strategy is developed for the fabrication of methylammonium tin iodide (MASnI3) film via ion exchange/insertion reactions between solid-state SnF2 and gaseous methylammonium iodide. In this way, the nucleation and crystallization of MASnI3 can be well controlled, and a highly uniform pinhole-free MASnI3 perovskite film is obtained. More importantly, the detrimental oxidation can be effectively suppressed in the resulting MASnI3 film due to the presence of a large amount of remaining SnF2. This high-quality perovskite film enables the realization of a PCE of 7.78%, which is among the highest values reported for the MASnI3-based solar cells. Moreover, the MASnI3 solar cells exhibit high reproducibility and good stability. This method provides new opportunities for the fabrication of low-cost and lead-free tin-based halide perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green CatalysisCollege of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot010022China
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Fengzhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Ke‐Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living BiosystemsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Haochen Fan
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Yu Miao
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Jin‐Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Caiyan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Xueqin Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living BiosystemsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Lian‐Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green CatalysisCollege of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceInner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot010022China
| | - YanLin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green PrintingInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
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Yao H, Zhou F, Li Z, Ci Z, Ding L, Jin Z. Strategies for Improving the Stability of Tin-Based Perovskite (ASnX 3) Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903540. [PMID: 32440480 PMCID: PMC7237862 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Although lead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are highly efficient, the toxicity of lead (Pb) limits its large-scale commercialization. As such, there is an urgent need to find alternatives. Many studies have examined tin-based PSCs. However, pure tin-based perovskites are easily oxidized in the air or just in glovebox with an ultrasmall amount of oxygen. Such a characteristic makes their performance and stability less ideal compared with those of lead-based perovskites. Herein, how to address the instability of tin-based perovskites is introduced in detail. First, the crystalline structure, optical properties, and sources of instability of tin-based perovskites are summarized. Next, the preparation methods of tin-based perovskite are discussed. Then, various measures for solving the instability problem are explained using four strategies: additive engineering, deoxidizer, partial substitution, and reduced dimensions. Finally, the challenges and prospects are laid out to help researchers develop highly efficient and stable tin-based perovskites in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Yao
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE & Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure DesignMoELanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Faguang Zhou
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE & Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure DesignMoELanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Zhizai Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE & Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure DesignMoELanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Zhipeng Ci
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE & Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure DesignMoELanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS)Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190China
| | - Zhiwen Jin
- School of Physical Science and Technology & Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MoE & Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure DesignMoELanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
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Xie H, Hao S, Bao J, Slade TJ, Snyder GJ, Wolverton C, Kanatzidis MG. All-Inorganic Halide Perovskites as Potential Thermoelectric Materials: Dynamic Cation off-Centering Induces Ultralow Thermal Conductivity. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9553-9563. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shiqiang Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jinke Bao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tyler J. Slade
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - G. Jeffrey Snyder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Christopher Wolverton
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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The Low-Dimensional Three-Dimensional Tin Halide Perovskite: Film Characterization and Device Performance. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation solar cells as their power conversion efficiency (PCE) has rapidly increased up to 25.2%. However, the most efficient halide perovskite materials all contain toxic lead. Replacing the lead cation with environmentally friendly tin (Sn) is proposed as an important alternative. Today, the inferior performance of Sn-based PSCs mainly due to two challenging issues, namely the facile oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ and the low formation energies of Sn vacancies. Two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskite, in which the large sized organic cations confine the corner sharing BX6 octahedra, exhibits higher formation energy than that of three-dimensional (3D) structure halide perovskite. The approach of mixing a small amount of 2D into 3D Sn-based perovskites was demonstrated as an efficient method to produce high performance perovskite films. In this review, we first provide an overview of key points for making high performance PSCs. Then we give an introduction to the physical parameters of 3D ASnX3 (MA+, FA+, and Cs+) perovskite and a photovoltaic device based on them, followed by an overview of 2D/3D halide perovskites based on ASnX3 (MA+ and FA+) and their optoelectronic applications. The current challenges and a future outlook of Sn-based PSCs are discussed in the end. This review will give readers a better understanding of the 2D/3D Sn-based PSCs.
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Ke W, Stoumpos CC, Kanatzidis MG. "Unleaded" Perovskites: Status Quo and Future Prospects of Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1803230. [PMID: 30276882 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous interest focused on organic-inorganic halide perovskites since 2012 derives from their unique optical and electrical properties, which make them excellent photovoltaic materials. Pb-based halide perovskite solar cells, in particular, currently stand at a record efficiency of ≈23%, fulfilling their potential toward commercialization. However, because of the toxicity concerns of Pb-based perovskite solar cells, their market prospects are hindered. In principle, Pb can be replaced with other less-toxic, environmentally benign metals. Sn-based perovskites are thus the far most promising alternative due to their very similar and perhaps even superior semiconductor characteristics. After years of effort invested in Sn-based halide perovskites, sufficient breakthroughs have finally been achieved that make them the next runners up to the Pb halide perovskites. To help the reader better understand the nature of Sn-based halide perovskites, their optical and electrical properties are systematically discussed. Recent progress in Sn-based perovskite solar cells, focusing mainly on film fabrication methods and different device architectures, and highlighting roadblocks to progress and opportunities for future work are reviewed. Finally, a brief overview of mixed Sn/Pb-based systems with their anomalous yet beneficial optical trends are discussed. The current challenges and a future outlook for Sn-based perovskites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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Kour R, Arya S, Verma S, Gupta J, Bandhoria P, Bharti V, Datt R, Gupta V. Potential Substitutes for Replacement of Lead in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Review. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2019; 3:1900050. [PMID: 31692982 PMCID: PMC6827533 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.201900050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have displayed the highest solar power conversion efficiencies of 23% but the toxicity issues of these materials need to be addressed. Lead-free perovskites have emerged as viable candidates for potential use as light harvesters to ensure clean and green photovoltaic technology. The substitution of lead by Sn, Ge, Bi, Sb, Cu and other potential candidates have reported efficiencies of up to 9%, but there is still a dire need to enhance their efficiencies and stability within the air. A comprehensive review is given on potential substitutes for lead-free perovskites and their characteristic features like energy bandgaps and optical absorption as well as photovoltaic parameters like open-circuit voltage (V OC), fill factor, short-circuit current density (J SC), and the device architecture for their efficient use. Lead-free perovskites do possess a suitable bandgap but have low efficiency. The use of additives has a significant effect on their efficiency and stability. The incorporation of cations like diethylammonium, phenylethyl ammonium, phenylethyl ammonium iodide, etc., or mixed cations at different compositions at the A-site is reported with engineered bandgaps having significant efficiency and stability. Recent work on the advancement of lead-free perovskites is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Kour
- Department of PhysicsGovernment Degree College for WomenKathuaJammu and Kashmir184102India
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Sonali Verma
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Jyoti Gupta
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180006India
| | - Pankaj Bandhoria
- Department of PhysicsGovernment Gandhi Memorial Science College JammuJammu and KashmirJammu180001India
| | - Vishal Bharti
- Departamento de Ciência dos MateriaisFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaFCTUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829‐516Campus de CaparicaPortugal
| | - Ram Datt
- Advance Materials and Devices DivisionCSIR‐National Physical LaboratoryDr. K. S. Krishnan MargNew Delhi110012India
| | - Vinay Gupta
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyMasdar InstituteMasdar City54224Abu DhabiUAE
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Shalan AE, Kazim S, Ahmad S. Lead-Free Perovskites: Metals Substitution towards Environmentally Benign Solar Cell Fabrication. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:4116-4139. [PMID: 31231941 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells have attracted significant attention during the current decade owing to their efficacy and photovoltaics performance, which has reached a new milestone in the thin-film category. Perovskite solar cells have witnessed a remarkable 25.2 % light-to-electricity conversion efficiency; however, the toxicity of the commonly employed Pb counterpart towards humans as well as the environment, in addition to material instability, are current bottlenecks towards commercial application. The scientific community has explored other metal ions as substitutions for Pb, while preserving the unique properties of the material, to produce environment-friendly perovskites. In this Review, we highlight the recent developments and challenges of Pb-free halide perovskite-based light harvesters for solar cell applications. This summary is intended to aid in the further development of a materials library for this sustainable technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Esmail Shalan
- BCMaterials-Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Samrana Kazim
- BCMaterials-Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- IKERBASQUE-Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Shahzada Ahmad
- BCMaterials-Basque Center for Materials, Applications, and Nanostructures, Martina Casiano, UPV/EHU Science Park, Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- IKERBASQUE-Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
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Kamarudin MA, Hirotani D, Wang Z, Hamada K, Nishimura K, Shen Q, Toyoda T, Iikubo S, Minemoto T, Yoshino K, Hayase S. Suppression of Charge Carrier Recombination in Lead-Free Tin Halide Perovskite via Lewis Base Post-treatment. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5277-5283. [PMID: 31423786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead-free tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) show the most promise to replace the more toxic lead-based perovskite solar cells. However, the efficiency is significantly less than that of lead-based PSCs as a result of low open-circuit voltage. This is due to the tendency of Sn2+ to oxidize into Sn4+ in the presence of air together with the formation of defects and traps caused by the fast crystallization of tin perovskite materials. Here, post-treatment of the tin perovskite layer with edamine Lewis base to suppress the recombination reaction in tin halide PSCs results in efficiencies higher than 10%, which is the highest reported efficiency to date for pure tin halide PSCs. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data suggest that the recombination reaction originates from the nonstoichiometric Sn:I ratio rather than the Sn4+:Sn2+ ratio. The amine group in edamine bonded the undercoordinated tin, passivating the dangling bonds and defects, resulting in suppressed charge carrier recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akmal Kamarudin
- Info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirotani
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka-ken 808-0196, Japan
| | - Zhen Wang
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka-ken 808-0196, Japan
| | - Kengo Hamada
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka-ken 808-0196, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishimura
- Info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Qing Shen
- Faculty of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Taro Toyoda
- Faculty of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Satoshi Iikubo
- Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka-ken 808-0196, Japan
| | - Takashi Minemoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshino
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Miyazaki University, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Info-Powered Energy System Research Center (i-PERC), The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Nan Y, Li S, Zhu M, Li B, Yang S. Endowing the Lithium Metal Surface with Self-Healing Property via an in Situ Gas-Solid Reaction for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28878-28884. [PMID: 31310089 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The property of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer is of prime importance for the performance of lithium metal anodes. Replacing the spontaneously formed inhomogeneous and unstable SEI layer with a high-performance artificial SEI is an effective strategy. Herein, a self-healing SEI layer with high lithium-ion conductivity and a stable framework to address the issues of poor performance of lithium metal anodes is achieved. C, Li2S, and LiI are uniformly distributed on the lithium surface via a "sauna" reaction between CS2-I2 mixed steam and metal lithium, which has the potential to be applied to large-scale preparation. The obtained SEI layer possesses high mechanical strength and facilitated lithium-ion transport capability, which are inherited from the amorphous C and lithium compounds (Li2S and LiI). Most importantly, the LiI component can migrate through the electrolyte and cover the exposed lithium caused by flaws and cracks, leading to a self-healing property. As a result, the C-Li2S-LiI@Li electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance with low overpotential and long lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Nan
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Songmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Mengqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
| | - Shubin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Advanced Materials and Performance of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beihang University , Beijing , 100191 , China
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Yang Y, Pham ND, Yao D, Fan L, Hoang MT, Tiong VT, Wang Z, Zhu H, Wang H. Interface Engineering to Eliminate Hysteresis of Carbon-Based Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells via CuSCN Incorporation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28431-28441. [PMID: 31311262 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A carbon electrode with low cost and high stability exhibited competitiveness for its practical application in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Nonetheless, issues such as poor interface contact with an adjacent perovskite layer and obvious hysteresis phenomenon are bottlenecks that need to be overcome to make carbon-based PSCs (C-PSCs) more attractive in practice. Herein, we report an effective method to enhance the interfacial charge transport of C-PSCs by introducing the CuSCN material into the device. Two types of CuSCN-assisted devices were studied in this work. One was based on the deposition of an ultrathin CuSCN layer between the perovskite absorber layer and the carbon cathode (PSK/CuSCN/C), and the other was by infiltrating CuSCN solution into the carbon film (PSK/C-CuSCN) by taking advantage of the macroporous structure of the carbon. We have found that the CuSCN incorporation by both methods can effectively address the hysteretic feature in planar C-PSCs. The origin for the hysteresis evolution was unraveled by the investigation of the energy alignment and the kinetics of interfacial charge transfer and hole trap-state density. The results have shown that both types of CuSCN-containing devices showed improved interfacial charge carrier extraction, suppressed carrier recombination, reduced trap-state density, and enhanced charge transport, leading to negligible hysteresis. Furthermore, the CuSCN-incorporated C-PSCs demonstrated enhanced device stability. The power conversion efficiency remained 98 and 91% of the initial performance (13.6 and 13.4%) for PSK/CuSCN/C and PSK/C-CuSCN, respectively, after being stored under a high humidity (75-85%) environment for 10 days. The devices also demonstrated extraordinary long-term stability with a negligible performance drop after being stored in air (relative humidity: 33-35%) for 90 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
| | - Ngoc Duy Pham
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
| | - Disheng Yao
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
| | - Lijuan Fan
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Minh Tam Hoang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
| | - Vincent Tiing Tiong
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
| | - Zhaoxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Institute of Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Huaiyong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
| | - Hongxia Wang
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane 4001 , Australia
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Nguyen BP, Jung HR, Kim J, Jo W. Enhanced carrier transport over grain boundaries in lead-free CH 3NH 3Sn(I 1-x Br x ) 3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) perovskite solar cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:314005. [PMID: 30991362 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab19dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports on grain boundary (GB) roles in lead-free tin halide perovskite thin films. Nano scale spatial mapping of charge separation efficiency in methylammonium tin halide (MASn(I1-x Br x )3, MA = CH3NH3) thin films were constructed by Kelvin probe force microscopy and conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). We observed downward band bending at GBs under dark conditions and higher surface photovoltage along the GBs, confirmed by C-AFM which showed high local current flows along the GBs. The band bending degree and local current intensity were affected by the Br/I ratio. Photo-generated carriers were more effectively separated and collected at GBs with increased Br content, and hysteresis was observed in Br-rich Sn-halide perovskite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bich Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Physics and New & Renewable Energy Research Center (NREC), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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