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Kozlov G, Franceschi C, Vedunova M. Intricacies of aging and Down syndrome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 164:105794. [PMID: 38971514 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Down syndrome is the most frequently occurring genetic condition, with a substantial escalation in risk associated with advanced maternal age. The syndrome is characterized by a diverse range of phenotypes, affecting to some extent all levels of organization, and its progeroid nature - early manifestation of aspects of the senile phenotype. Despite extensive investigations, many aspects and mechanisms of the disease remain unexplored. The current review aims to provide an overview of the main causes and manifestations of Down syndrome, while also examining the phenomenon of accelerated aging and exploring potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kozlov
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin ave., 23, 603022, Russia
| | - C Franceschi
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin ave., 23, 603022, Russia
| | - M Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin ave., 23, 603022, Russia; Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilov str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Streng BMM, Van Coillie J, Wildenbeest JG, Binnendijk RS, Smits G, den Hartog G, Wang W, Nouta J, Linty F, Visser R, Wuhrer M, Vidarsson G, Bont LJ. IgG1 glycosylation highlights premature aging in Down syndrome. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14167. [PMID: 38616780 PMCID: PMC11258452 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by lowered immune competence and premature aging. We previously showed decreased antibody response following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in adults with DS. IgG1 Fc glycosylation patterns are known to affect the effector function of IgG and are associated with aging. Here, we compare total and anti-spike (S) IgG1 glycosylation patterns following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in DS and healthy controls (HC). Total and anti-Spike IgG1 Fc N-glycan glycoprofiles were measured in non-exposed adults with DS and controls before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) of Fc glycopeptides. We recruited N = 44 patients and N = 40 controls. We confirmed IgG glycosylation patterns associated with aging in HC and showed premature aging in DS. In DS, we found decreased galactosylation (50.2% vs. 59.0%) and sialylation (6.7% vs. 8.5%) as well as increased fucosylation (97.0% vs. 94.6%) of total IgG. Both cohorts showed similar bisecting GlcNAc of total and anti-S IgG1 with age. In contrast, anti-S IgG1 of DS and HC showed highly comparable glycosylation profiles 28 days post vaccination. The IgG1 glycoprofile in DS exhibits strong premature aging. The combination of an early decrease in IgG1 Fc galactosylation and sialylation and increase in fucosylation is predicted to reduce complement activity and decrease FcγRIII binding and subsequent activation, respectively. The altered glycosylation patterns, combined with decreased antibody concentrations, help us understand the susceptibility to severe infections in DS. The effect of premature aging highlights the need for individuals with DS to receive tailored vaccines and/or vaccination schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M. M. Streng
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Julie Van Coillie
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Joanne G. Wildenbeest
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Rob S. Binnendijk
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and VaccinesNational Institute of Public Health and the EnvironmentBilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - Gaby Smits
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and VaccinesNational Institute of Public Health and the EnvironmentBilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerco den Hartog
- Centre for Immunology of Infectious Diseases and VaccinesNational Institute of Public Health and the EnvironmentBilthovenThe Netherlands
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jan Nouta
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Federica Linty
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Remco Visser
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner LaboratoryAmsterdam University Medical Center, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular ResearchUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Louis J. Bont
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's HospitalUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Pongracz T, Mayboroda OA, Wuhrer M. The Human Blood N-Glycome: Unraveling Disease Glycosylation Patterns. JACS AU 2024; 4:1696-1708. [PMID: 38818049 PMCID: PMC11134357 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Most of the proteins in the circulation are N-glycosylated, shaping together the total blood N-glycome (TBNG). Glycosylation is known to affect protein function, stability, and clearance. The TBNG is influenced by genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors, in part epigenetically imprinted, and responds to a variety of bioactive signals including cytokines and hormones. Accordingly, physiological and pathological events are reflected in distinct TBNG signatures. Here, we assess the specificity of the emerging disease-associated TBNG signatures with respect to a number of key glycosylation motifs including antennarity, linkage-specific sialylation, fucosylation, as well as expression of complex, hybrid-type and oligomannosidic N-glycans, and show perplexing complexity of the glycomic dimension of the studied diseases. Perspectives are given regarding the protein- and site-specific analysis of N-glycosylation, and the dissection of underlying regulatory layers and functional roles of blood protein N-glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Pongracz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oleg A. Mayboroda
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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4
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Lado-Baleato Ó, Torre J, O’Flaherty R, Alonso-Sampedro M, Carballo I, Fernández-Merino C, Vidal C, Gude F, Saldova R, González-Quintela A. Age-Related Changes in Serum N-Glycome in Men and Women-Clusters Associated with Comorbidity. Biomolecules 2023; 14:17. [PMID: 38254617 PMCID: PMC10813383 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Aim: To describe, in a general adult population, the serum N-glycome in relation to age in men and women, and investigate the association of N-glycome patterns with age-related comorbidity; (2) Methods: The serum N-glycome was studied by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with ultra-performance liquid chromatography in 1516 randomly selected adults (55.3% women; age range 18-91 years). Covariates included lifestyle factors, metabolic disorders, inflammatory markers, and an index of comorbidity. Principal component analysis was used to define clusters of individuals based on the 46 glycan peaks obtained in chromatograms; (3) Results: The serum N-glycome changed with ageing, with significant differences between men and women, both in individual N-glycan peaks and in groups defined by common features (branching, galactosylation, sialylation, fucosylation, and oligomannose). Through K-means clustering algorithm, the individuals were grouped into a cluster characterized by abundance of simpler N-glycans and a cluster characterized by abundance of higher-order N-glycans. The individuals of the first cluster were older, showed higher concentrations of glucose and glycation markers, higher levels of some inflammatory markers, lower glomerular filtration rate, and greater comorbidity index; (4) Conclusions: The serum N-glycome changes with ageing with sex dimorphism. The N-glycome could be, in line with the inflammaging hypothesis, a marker of unhealthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar Lado-Baleato
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
- ISCIII Support Platforms for Clinical Research, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostel, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jorge Torre
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - Róisín O’Flaherty
- GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, A94 X099 Dublin, Ireland (R.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, W23 F2K8 Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Manuela Alonso-Sampedro
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - Iago Carballo
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - Carmen Fernández-Merino
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
- Primary Care, Santiago de Compostela Area, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Vidal
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
| | - Francisco Gude
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
- Primary Care, Santiago de Compostela Area, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Radka Saldova
- GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, Fosters Avenue, A94 X099 Dublin, Ireland (R.S.)
- UCD School of Medicine, College of Health and Agricultural Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arturo González-Quintela
- Research Methodology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Health Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (Ó.L.-B.); (J.T.); (M.A.-S.); (I.C.); (C.F.-M.); (C.V.); (F.G.)
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Crochemore C, Chica C, Garagnani P, Lattanzi G, Horvath S, Sarasin A, Franceschi C, Bacalini MG, Ricchetti M. Epigenomic signature of accelerated ageing in progeroid Cockayne syndrome. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13959. [PMID: 37688320 PMCID: PMC10577576 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome (CS) and UV-sensitive syndrome (UVSS) are rare genetic disorders caused by mutation of the DNA repair and multifunctional CSA or CSB protein, but only CS patients display a progeroid and neurodegenerative phenotype, providing a unique conceptual and experimental paradigm. As DNA methylation (DNAm) remodelling is a major ageing marker, we performed genome-wide analysis of DNAm of fibroblasts from healthy, UVSS and CS individuals. Differential analysis highlighted a CS-specific epigenomic signature (progeroid-related; not present in UVSS) enriched in three categories: developmental transcription factors, ion/neurotransmitter membrane transporters and synaptic neuro-developmental genes. A large fraction of CS-specific DNAm changes were associated with expression changes in CS samples, including in previously reported post-mortem cerebella. The progeroid phenotype of CS was further supported by epigenomic hallmarks of ageing: the prediction of DNAm of repetitive elements suggested an hypomethylation of Alu sequences in CS, and the epigenetic clock returned a marked increase in CS biological age respect to healthy and UVSS cells. The epigenomic remodelling of accelerated ageing in CS displayed both commonalities and differences with other progeroid diseases and regular ageing. CS shared DNAm changes with normal ageing more than other progeroid diseases do, and included genes functionally validated for regular ageing. Collectively, our results support the existence of an epigenomic basis of accelerated ageing in CS and unveil new genes and pathways that are potentially associated with the progeroid/degenerative phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Crochemore
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological and Physiological Ageing Unit, UMR3738 CNRSParisFrance
- Institut Pasteur, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR3738 CNRSParisFrance
- Sup'BiotechVillejuifFrance
| | - Claudia Chica
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HubParisFrance
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli‐Sforza”, Unit of BolognaBolognaItaly
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA
- Department of Biostatistics Fielding School of Public HealthUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA
| | - Alain Sarasin
- Laboratory of Genetic Stability and Oncogenesis, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave RoussyUniversity Paris‐SudVillejuifFrance
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Information Technologies, Mathematics and MechanicsLobachevsky UniversityNizhniy NovgorodRussia
| | | | - Miria Ricchetti
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Molecular Mechanisms of Pathological and Physiological Ageing Unit, UMR3738 CNRSParisFrance
- Institut Pasteur, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR3738 CNRSParisFrance
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Ishihara K, Kawashita E, Akiba S. Bio-Metal Dyshomeostasis-Associated Acceleration of Aging and Cognitive Decline in Down Syndrome. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1169-1175. [PMID: 37661395 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS), which is caused by triplication of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), exhibits some physical signs of accelerated aging, such as graying hair, wrinkles and menopause at an unusually young age. Development of early-onset Alzheimer's disease, which is frequently observed in adults with DS, is also suggested to occur due to accelerated aging of the brain. Several Hsa21 genes are suggested to be responsible for the accelerated aging in DS. In this review, we summarize these candidate genes and possible molecular mechanisms, and discuss the related key factors. In particular, we focus on copper, an essential trace element, as a key factor in the accelerated aging in DS. In addition, the physiological significance of brain copper accumulation in cognitive impairment is discussed. We herein provide our hypothesis on the copper dyshomeostasis-based pathophysiology of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Ishihara
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry (Currently known as Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Eri Kawashita
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry (Currently known as Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
| | - Satoshi Akiba
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry (Currently known as Laboratory of Pathological Biochemistry), Kyoto Pharmaceutical University
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7
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Zhou X, Song W, Novotny MV, Jacobson SC. Fractionation and characterization of sialyl linkage isomers of serum N-glycans by CE-MS. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3348-3361. [PMID: 35819141 PMCID: PMC9473921 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Structural isomers of sialylated N-glycans contribute to the diversity of the N-glycome and to a range of biological functions. Sialyl linkage isomers can be readily distinguished by mass spectrometry with mass differences between α2,3- and α2,6-linkages generated by a two-step sialic acid linkage-specific alkylamidation. To improve the identification of N-glycans from complex mixtures, we added a delactonization step after the first alkylamidation step, which regenerates negatively charged carboxylic acids on α2,3-sialic acids. N-glycan isomers with α2,3-sialic acids are then fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography prior to the second alkylamidation step. With this modified alkylamidation method, sialylated N-glycans were enriched and stabilized for structural characterization by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 52 sialylated N-glycan structures, including 107 linkage isomers, in human serum and confirmed the presence of positional isomers of specific sialyl linkage isomers. Due to the reduced sample complexity after ion-exchange fractionation and CE separation, substructural features of N-glycans were rapidly evaluated and included core- and antenna-fucosylation and poly-lactosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401-7102, U.S.A
| | - Woran Song
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401-7102, U.S.A
| | - Milos V. Novotny
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401-7102, U.S.A
| | - Stephen C. Jacobson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401-7102, U.S.A
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Panagaki T, Pecze L, Randi EB, Nieminen AI, Szabo C. Role of the cystathionine β-synthase / H 2S pathway in the development of cellular metabolic dysfunction and pseudohypoxia in down syndrome. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102416. [PMID: 35921774 PMCID: PMC9356176 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of the transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), and overproduction of its product, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are recognized as potential pathogenetic factors in Down syndrome (DS). The purpose of the study was to determine how the mitochondrial function and core metabolic pathways are affected by DS and how pharmacological inhibition of CBS affects these parameters. METHODS 8 human control and 8 human DS fibroblast cell lines have been subjected to bioenergetic and fluxomic and proteomic analysis with and without treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor of CBS. RESULTS DS cells exhibited a significantly higher CBS expression than control cells, and produced more H2S. They also exhibited suppressed mitochondrial electron transport and oxygen consumption and suppressed Complex IV activity, impaired cell proliferation and increased ROS generation. Inhibition of H2S biosynthesis with aminooxyacetic acid reduced cellular H2S, improved cellular bioenergetics, attenuated ROS and improved proliferation. 13C glucose fluxomic analysis revealed that DS cells exhibit a suppression of the Krebs cycle activity with a compensatory increase in glycolysis. CBS inhibition restored the flux from glycolysis to the Krebs cycle and reactivated oxidative phosphorylation. Proteomic analysis revealed no CBS-dependent alterations in the expression level of the enzymes involved in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway. DS was associated with the dysregulation of several components of the autophagy network; CBS inhibition normalized several of these parameters. CONCLUSIONS Increased H2S generation in DS promotes pseudohypoxia and contributes to cellular metabolic dysfunction by causing a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Panagaki
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laszlo Pecze
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Elisa B Randi
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Anni I Nieminen
- Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Morsiani C, Bacalini MG, Collura S, Moreno-Villanueva M, Breusing N, Bürkle A, Grune T, Franceschi C, De Eguileor M, Capri M. Blood circulating miR-28-5p and let-7d-5p associate with premature ageing in Down Syndrome. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111691. [PMID: 35780970 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Persons with Down Syndrome (DS) undergo a premature ageing with early onset of age-related diseases. The main endpoint of this study was the identification of blood circulating microRNAs (c-miRs) signatures characterizing DS ageing process. A discovery phase based on array was performed in plasma samples obtained from 3 young (31±2 years-old) and 3 elderly DS persons (66±2 years-old). Then, a validation phase was carried out for relevant miRs by RT-qPCR in an enlarged cohort of 43 DS individuals (from 19 up to 68 years-old). A group of 30 non-trisomic subjects, as representative of physiological ageing, was compared. In particular miR-628-5p, miR-152-3p, miR-28-5p, and let-7d-5p showed a lower level in younger DS persons (age ≤ 50 years) respect to the age-matched controls. Among those, miR-28-5p and let-7d-5p were found significantly decreased in physiological ageing (control group with age threshold of 50 years), thus they emerged as possible biomarkers of premature ageing in DS. Moreover, measuring blood levels of beta amyloid peptides, Aβ-42 was assessed at the lowest levels in physiological ageing and correlated with miR-28-5p and let-7d-5p in DS, while Aβ-40 correlated with miR-628-5p in the same cohort. New perspectives in terms of biomarkers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Morsiani
- DIMES-Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Salvatore Collura
- DIMES-Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - María Moreno-Villanueva
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- Department of Applied Nutritional Science/Dietetics, Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Healthy Aging and Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Magda De Eguileor
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- DIMES-Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center "Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)", University of Bologna, Italy
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10
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Ravaioli F, Zampieri M, Morandi L, Pirazzini C, Pellegrini C, De Fanti S, Gensous N, Pirazzoli GL, Sambati L, Ghezzo A, Ciccarone F, Reale A, Monti D, Salvioli S, Caiafa P, Capri M, Bürkle A, Moreno-Villanueva M, Garagnani P, Franceschi C, Bacalini MG. DNA Methylation Analysis of Ribosomal DNA in Adults With Down Syndrome. Front Genet 2022; 13:792165. [PMID: 35571061 PMCID: PMC9094685 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.792165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Control of ribosome biogenesis is a critical aspect of the regulation of cell metabolism. As ribosomal genes (rDNA) are organized in repeated clusters on chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22, trisomy of chromosome 21 confers an excess of rDNA copies to persons with Down syndrome (DS). Previous studies showed an alteration of ribosome biogenesis in children with DS, but the epigenetic regulation of rDNA genes has not been investigated in adults with DS so far. In this study, we used a targeted deep-sequencing approach to measure DNA methylation (DNAm) of rDNA units in whole blood from 69 adults with DS and 95 euploid controls. We further evaluated the expression of the precursor of ribosomal RNAs (RNA45S) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the same subjects. We found that the rDNA promoter tends to be hypermethylated in DS concerning the control group. The analysis of epihaplotypes (the combination of methylated and unmethylated CpG sites along the same DNA molecule) showed a significantly lower intra-individual diversity in the DS group, which at the same time was characterized by a higher interindividual variability. Finally, we showed that RNA45S expression is lower in adults with DS. Collectively, our results suggest a rearrangement of the epigenetic profile of rDNA in DS, possibly to compensate for the extranumerary rDNA copies. Future studies should assess whether the regulation of ribosome biogenesis can contribute to the pathogenesis of DS and explain the clinical heterogeneity characteristic of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ravaioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Morandi
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Pirazzini
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Sara De Fanti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Noémie Gensous
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, CHU Bordeaux (Groupe Hospitalier Saint-André), Bordeaux, France
- UMR/CNRS 5164, ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Luisa Sambati
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, U.O.C. Clinica Neurologica Rete Neurologica Metropolitana (NEUROMET), Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ciccarone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Caiafa
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Haematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Moreno-Villanueva
- Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA), S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics “Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza”—Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Laboratory of Systems Medicine of Healthy Aging, Department of Applied Mathematics, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Giulia Bacalini
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Giulia Bacalini,
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11
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Lambert K, Moo KG, Arnett A, Goel G, Hu A, Flynn KJ, Speake C, Wiedeman AE, Gersuk VH, Linsley PS, Greenbaum CJ, Long SA, Partridge R, Buckner JH, Khor B. Deep immune phenotyping reveals similarities between aging, Down syndrome, and autoimmunity. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabi4888. [PMID: 35020411 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abi4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lambert
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Keagan G Moo
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Azlann Arnett
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Gautam Goel
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Alex Hu
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kaitlin J Flynn
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Cate Speake
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Alice E Wiedeman
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Vivian H Gersuk
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Peter S Linsley
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Carla J Greenbaum
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - S Alice Long
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rebecca Partridge
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Mason Medical Center, 100 N.E. Gilman Blvd., Issaquah, WA 98027, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Bernard Khor
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
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12
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Zhang Z, Wang X, Gu J, Wu J, Cao Y, Xu Y, Li L, Guan K, Liu P, Yin J, Zhi Y, Zhang S. Validation of diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for hereditary angioedema via plasma N-glycomics. Clin Transl Allergy 2021; 11:e12090. [PMID: 34962719 PMCID: PMC8712629 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease with heterogeneous clinical symptoms. It is vitally important to predict whether an HAE patient will develop severe symptoms in clinical practice, but there are currently no predictive biomarkers for HAE stratification. Plasma N-glycomes are disease-specific and have great potential for the discovery of non-invasive biomarkers. In this study, we profiled the plasma N-glycome of HAE patients from two independent cohorts to identify candidate biomarkers. METHODS Linkage-specific sialylation derivatization combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry detection and automated data processing was employed to analyze the plasma N-glycome of two independent type-1 HAE cohorts. RESULTS HAE patients had abnormal glycan complexity, galactosylation, and α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialylation compared to healthy controls (HC). The classification models based on dysregulated glycan traits could successfully discriminate between HAE and HC with area under the curves (AUCs) being greater than 0.9. Some of the aberrant glycans showed response to therapy. Moreover, we identified a series of glycan traits with strong associations with the occurrence of laryngeal or gastrointestinal angioedema or disease severity score. Predictive models based on these traits could be used to predict disease severity (AUC > 0.9). These results were replicated in an independent cohort. CONCLUSIONS We reported the full plasma N-glycomic signature of HAE for the first time, and identified potential biomarkers. These findings may play a critical role in predicting disease severity and guide the treatment of HAE in clinical practice. Further protein-specific and prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejian Zhang
- Department of Medical Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jianqing Gu
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Department of Medical Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yingyang Xu
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Lisha Li
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Kai Guan
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Medical Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jia Yin
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yuxiang Zhi
- Department of Allergy & Clinical ImmunologyNational Clinical Research Center for Immunologic DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- Department of CardiologyState Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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13
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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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14
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Dall'Olio F, Malagolini N. Immunoglobulin G Glycosylation Changes in Aging and Other Inflammatory Conditions. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2021; 112:303-340. [PMID: 34687015 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76912-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Among the multiple roles played by protein glycosylation, the fine regulation of biological interactions is one of the most important. The asparagine 297 (Asn297) of IgG heavy chains is decorated by a diantennary glycan bearing a number of galactose and sialic acid residues on the branches ranging from 0 to 2. In addition, the structure can present core-linked fucose and/or a bisecting GlcNAc. In many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, as well as in metabolic, cardiovascular, infectious, and neoplastic diseases, the IgG Asn297-linked glycan becomes less sialylated and less galactosylated, leading to increased expression of glycans terminating with GlcNAc. These conditions alter also the presence of core-fucose and bisecting GlcNAc. Importantly, similar glycomic alterations are observed in aging. The common condition, shared by the above-mentioned pathological conditions and aging, is a low-grade, chronic, asymptomatic inflammatory state which, in the case of aging, is known as inflammaging. Glycomic alterations associated with inflammatory diseases often precede disease onset and follow remission. The aberrantly glycosylated IgG glycans associated with inflammation and aging can sustain inflammation through different mechanisms, fueling a vicious loop. These include complement activation, Fcγ receptor binding, binding to lectin receptors on antigen-presenting cells, and autoantibody reactivity. The complex molecular bases of the glycomic changes associated with inflammation and aging are still poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Dall'Olio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Nadia Malagolini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Abstract
Human lifespan has increased significantly in the last 200 years, emphasizing our need to age healthily. Insights into molecular mechanisms of aging might allow us to slow down its rate or even revert it. Similar to aging, glycosylation is regulated by an intricate interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The dynamics of glycopattern variation during aging has been mostly explored for plasma/serum and immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycome, as we describe thoroughly in this chapter. In addition, we discuss the potential functional role of agalactosylated IgG glycans in aging, through modulation of inflammation level, as proposed by the concept of inflammaging. We also comment on the potential to use the plasma/serum and IgG N-glycome as a biomarker of healthy aging and on the interventions that modulate the IgG glycopattern. Finally, we discuss the current knowledge about animal models for human plasma/serum and IgG glycosylation and mention other, less explored, instances of glycopattern changes during organismal aging and cellular senescence.
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16
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Willis JR, Iraola-Guzmán S, Saus E, Ksiezopolska E, Cozzuto L, Bejarano LA, Andreu-Somavilla N, Alloza-Trabado M, Puig-Sola A, Blanco A, Broglio E, Carolis C, Hecht J, Ponomarenko J, Gabaldón T. Oral microbiome in down syndrome and its implications on oral health. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 13:1865690. [PMID: 33456723 PMCID: PMC7782466 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1865690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The oral cavity harbors an abundant and diverse microbial community (i.e. the microbiome), whose composition and roles in health and disease have been the focus of intense research. Down syndrome (DS) is associated with particular characteristics in the oral cavity, and with a lower incidence of caries and higher incidence of periodontitis and gingivitis compared to control populations. However, the overall composition of the oral microbiome in DS and how it varies with diverse factors like host age or the pH within the mouth are still poorly understood. Methods: Using a Citizen-Science approach in collaboration with DS associations in Spain, we performed 16S rRNA metabarcoding and high-throughput sequencing, combined with culture and proteomics-based identification of fungi to survey the bacterial and fungal oral microbiome in 27 DS persons (age range 7–55) and control samples matched by geographical distribution, age range, and gender. Results: We found that DS is associated with low salivary pH and less diverse oral microbiomes, which were characterized by lower levels of Alloprevotella, Atopobium, Candidatus Saccharimonas, and higher amounts of Kingella, Staphylococcus, Gemella, Cardiobacterium, Rothia, Actinobacillus, and greater prevalence of Candida. Conclusion: Altogether, our study provides a first global snapshot of the oral microbiome in DS. Future studies are required to establish whether the observed differences are related to differential pathology in the oral cavity in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse R Willis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) and Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Iraola-Guzmán
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) and Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Saus
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) and Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ewa Ksiezopolska
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) and Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luca Cozzuto
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis A Bejarano
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Andreu-Somavilla
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Alloza-Trabado
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Puig-Sola
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Blanco
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Broglio
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo Carolis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jochen Hecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Ponomarenko
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Toni Gabaldón
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC-CNS) and Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Mealer RG, Jenkins BG, Chen CY, Daly MJ, Ge T, Lehoux S, Marquardt T, Palmer CD, Park JH, Parsons PJ, Sackstein R, Williams SE, Cummings RD, Scolnick EM, Smoller JW. The schizophrenia risk locus in SLC39A8 alters brain metal transport and plasma glycosylation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13162. [PMID: 32753748 PMCID: PMC7403432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A common missense variant in SLC39A8 is convincingly associated with schizophrenia and several additional phenotypes. Homozygous loss-of-function mutations in SLC39A8 result in undetectable serum manganese (Mn) and a Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (CDG) due to the exquisite sensitivity of glycosyltransferases to Mn concentration. Here, we identified several Mn-related changes in human carriers of the common SLC39A8 missense allele. Analysis of structural brain MRI scans showed a dose-dependent change in the ratio of T2w to T1w signal in several regions. Comprehensive trace element analysis confirmed a specific reduction of only serum Mn, and plasma protein N-glycome profiling revealed reduced complexity and branching. N-glycome profiling from two individuals with SLC39A8-CDG showed similar but more severe alterations in branching that improved with Mn supplementation, suggesting that the common variant exists on a spectrum of hypofunction with potential for reversibility. Characterizing the functional impact of this variant will enhance our understanding of schizophrenia pathogenesis and identify novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Mealer
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of Harvard/MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- National Center for Functional Glycomics, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Bruce G Jenkins
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of Harvard/MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of Harvard/MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tian Ge
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of Harvard/MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- National Center for Functional Glycomics, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin-Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christopher D Palmer
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Julien H Park
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin-Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Patrick J Parsons
- Laboratory of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sarah E Williams
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- National Center for Functional Glycomics, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- National Center for Functional Glycomics, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward M Scolnick
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of Harvard/MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of Harvard/MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
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18
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Down syndrome, accelerated aging and immunosenescence. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:635-645. [PMID: 32705346 PMCID: PMC7666319 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder, associated with moderate to severe intellectual disability. While life expectancy of Down syndrome population has greatly increased over the last decades, mortality rates are still high and subjects are facing prematurely a phenomenon of atypical and accelerated aging. The presence of an immune impairment in Down syndrome subjects is suggested for a long time by the existence of an increased incidence of infections, the incomplete efficacy of vaccinations, and a high prevalence of autoimmunity. Immunologic abnormalities have been described since many years in this population, both from a numerical and a functional points of view, and these abnormalities can mirror the ones observed during normal aging. In this review, we summarize our knowledge on immunologic disturbances commonly observed in subjects with Down syndrome, and in innate and adaptive immunity, as well as regarding chronic inflammation. We then discuss the role of accelerated aging in these observed abnormalities and finally review the potential age-associated molecular and cellular mechanisms involved.
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19
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Mollo N, Cicatiello R, Aurilia M, Scognamiglio R, Genesio R, Charalambous M, Paladino S, Conti A, Nitsch L, Izzo A. Targeting Mitochondrial Network Architecture in Down Syndrome and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3134. [PMID: 32365535 PMCID: PMC7247689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that mainly control energy conversion in the cell. In addition, they also participate in many relevant activities, such as the regulation of apoptosis and calcium levels, and other metabolic tasks, all closely linked to cell viability. Functionality of mitochondria appears to depend upon their network architecture that may dynamically pass from an interconnected structure with long tubular units, to a fragmented one with short separate fragments. A decline in mitochondrial quality, which presents itself as an altered structural organization and a function of mitochondria, has been observed in Down syndrome (DS), as well as in aging and in age-related pathologies. This review provides a basic overview of mitochondrial dynamics, from fission/fusion mechanisms to mitochondrial homeostasis. Molecular mechanisms determining the disruption of the mitochondrial phenotype in DS and aging are discussed. The impaired activity of the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α/PPARGC1A and the hyperactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase are emerging as molecular underlying causes of these mitochondrial alterations. It is, therefore, likely that either stimulating the PGC-1α activity or inhibiting mTOR signaling could reverse mitochondrial dysfunction. Evidence is summarized suggesting that drugs targeting either these pathways or other factors affecting the mitochondrial network may represent therapeutic approaches to improve and/or prevent the effects of altered mitochondrial function. Overall, from all these studies it emerges that the implementation of such strategies may exert protective effects in DS and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Mollo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Cicatiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Aurilia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Scognamiglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Genesio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Charalambous
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Conti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Nitsch
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Mapstone M, Gross TJ, Macciardi F, Cheema AK, Petersen M, Head E, Handen BL, Klunk WE, Christian BT, Silverman W, Lott IT, Schupf N. Metabolic correlates of prevalent mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 12:e12028. [PMID: 32258359 PMCID: PMC7131985 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Disruption of metabolic function is a recognized feature of late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). We sought to determine whether similar metabolic pathways are implicated in adults with Down syndrome (DS) who have increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS We examined peripheral blood from 292 participants with DS who completed baseline assessments in the Alzheimer's Biomarkers Consortium-Down Syndrome (ABC-DS) using untargeted mass spectrometry (MS). Our sample included 38 individuals who met consensus criteria for AD (DS-AD), 43 who met criteria for mild cognitive impairment (DS-MCI), and 211 who were cognitively unaffected and stable (CS). RESULTS We measured relative abundance of 8,805 features using MS and 180 putative metabolites were differentially expressed (DE) among the groups at false discovery rate-corrected q< 0.05. From the DE features, a nine-feature classifier model classified the CS and DS-AD groups with receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) of 0.86 and a two-feature model classified the DS-MCI and DS-AD groups with ROC AUC of 0.88. Metabolite set enrichment analysis across the three groups suggested alterations in fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism. DISCUSSION Our results reveal metabolic alterations in DS-AD that are similar to those seen in LOAD. The pattern of results in this cross-sectional DS cohort suggests a dynamic time course of metabolic dysregulation which evolves with clinical progression from non-demented, to MCI, to AD. Metabolomic markers may be useful for staging progression of DS-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mapstone
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California‐IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Thomas J Gross
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of California‐IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fabio Macciardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorUniversity of California‐IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Amrita K Cheema
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular BiologyGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Melissa Petersen
- Institute for Translational ResearchUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California‐IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Benjamin L Handen
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - William E Klunk
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Bradley T Christian
- Departments of Medical Physics and PsychiatryWaisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Wayne Silverman
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California‐ IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Ira T Lott
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California‐ IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging BrainColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyColumbia University and the New York Presbyterian HospitalNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyJoseph P. Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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21
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Glycomics studies using sialic acid derivatization and mass spectrometry. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:229-242. [PMID: 37127981 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0174-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Proteins can undergo glycosylation during and/or after translation to afford glycoconjugates, which are often secreted by a cell or populate cell surfaces. Changes in the glycan portion can have a strong influence on a glycoconjugate and are associated with a multitude of human pathologies. Of particular interest are sialylated glycoconjugates, which exist as constitutional isomers that differ in their linkages (α2,3, α2,6, α2,8 or α2,9) between sialic acids and their neighbouring monosaccharides. In general, mass spectrometry enables the rapid and sensitive characterization of glycosylation, but there are challenges specific to identifying and (relatively) quantifying sialic acid isomers. These challenges can be addressed using linkage-specific methodologies for sialic acid derivatization, after which mass spectrometry can enable product identification. This Review is concerned with the new and important derivatization approaches reported in the past decade, which have been implemented in various mass-spectrometry-glycomics workflows and have found clinical glycomics applications. The convenience and wide applicability of the approaches make them attractive for studies of sialylation in different types of glycoconjugate.
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22
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The smell of longevity: a combination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) can discriminate centenarians and their offspring from age-matched subjects and young controls. GeroScience 2019; 42:201-216. [PMID: 31808027 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by dynamic changes at metabolic level that lead to modifications in the composition of the metabolome. Since the identification of biomarkers that can discriminate people of different age and health status has recently attracted a great interest, we wondered whether age-specific changes in the metabolome could be identified and serve as new and informative biomarkers of aging and longevity. In the last few years, a specific branch of metabonomics devoted to the study of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been developed. To date, little is known about the profile of specific VOCs in healthy aging and longevity in humans; therefore, we investigated the profile of VOCs in both urine and feces samples from 73 volunteers of different age including centenarians that represent useful "super-controls" to identify potential biomarkers of successful aging and footprints of longevity. To this purpose, we performed a discriminant analysis by which we were able to identify specific profiles of urinary and fecal VOCs. Such profiles can discriminate different age groups, from young to centenarians, and, even more interesting, centenarians' offspring from age-matched controls. Moreover, we were able to identify VOCs that are specific for the couples "centenarians - offspring" or the trios "centenarians - offspring - spouse," suggesting the possible existence of a familiar component also for VOCs profile.
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Dotz V, Wuhrer M. N-glycome signatures in human plasma: associations with physiology and major diseases. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2966-2976. [PMID: 31509238 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
N-glycome analysis in total plasma or serum yields information about the levels and glycosylation patterns of major plasma glycoproteins, including immunoglobulins, acute-phase proteins, and apolipoproteins. Until recently, glycomic studies in disease settings largely suffered from small cohort sizes, poor analytical resolution, and poor comparability of results owing to the diversity of analytical techniques. Here, we report on recent advances in high-throughput mass spectrometry glycomics technology that enabled elucidation of N-glycome signatures in the plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, or colorectal cancer. Use of this technology revealed both commonalities and differences among disease fingerprints. Moreover, we summarize findings on glycomic signatures associated with age, sex, and body mass index. High-throughput, high-resolution glycomics technologies, together with robust data analysis workflows, will advance clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Dotz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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Giuliani C, Garagnani P, Franceschi C. Genetics of Human Longevity Within an Eco-Evolutionary Nature-Nurture Framework. Circ Res 2019; 123:745-772. [PMID: 30355083 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.312562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human longevity is a complex trait, and to disentangle its basis has a great theoretical and practical consequences for biomedicine. The genetics of human longevity is still poorly understood despite several investigations that used different strategies and protocols. Here, we argue that such rather disappointing harvest is largely because of the extraordinary complexity of the longevity phenotype in humans. The capability to reach the extreme decades of human lifespan seems to be the result of an intriguing mixture of gene-environment interactions. Accordingly, the genetics of human longevity is here described as a highly context-dependent phenomenon, within a new integrated, ecological, and evolutionary perspective, and is presented as a dynamic process, both historically and individually. The available literature has been scrutinized within this perspective, paying particular attention to factors (sex, individual biography, family, population ancestry, social structure, economic status, and education, among others) that have been relatively neglected. The strength and limitations of the most powerful and used tools, such as genome-wide association study and whole-genome sequencing, have been discussed, focusing on prominently emerged genes and regions, such as apolipoprotein E, Forkhead box O3, interleukin 6, insulin-like growth factor-1, chromosome 9p21, 5q33.3, and somatic mutations among others. The major results of this approach suggest that (1) the genetics of longevity is highly population specific; (2) small-effect alleles, pleiotropy, and the complex allele timing likely play a major role; (3) genetic risk factors are age specific and need to be integrated in the light of the geroscience perspective; (4) a close relationship between genetics of longevity and genetics of age-related diseases (especially cardiovascular diseases) do exist. Finally, the urgent need of a global approach to the largely unexplored interactions between the 3 genetics of human body, that is, nuclear, mitochondrial, and microbiomes, is stressed. We surmise that the comprehensive approach here presented will help in increasing the above-mentioned harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Giuliani
- From the Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology and Centre for Genome Biology (C.G.), University of Bologna, Italy.,School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (C.G.).,Interdepartmental Centre 'L. Galvani' (CIG), University of Bologna, Italy (C.G.)
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine (DIMES) (P.G.), University of Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (P.G.)
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Petersen ME, O’Bryant S. Blood-based biomarkers for Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Dev Neurobiol 2019; 79:699-710. [PMID: 31389185 PMCID: PMC8284928 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) occurs due to triplication of chromosome 21. Individuals with DS face an elevated risk for development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to increased amyloid beta (Aβ) resulting from the over-expression of the amyloid precursor protein found on chromosome 21. Diagnosis of AD among individuals with DS poses particular challenges resulting in an increased focus on alternative diagnostic methods such as blood-based biomarkers. The aim of this review was to evaluate the current state of the literature of blood-based biomarkers found in individuals with DS and particularly among those also diagnosed with AD or in prodromal stages (mild cognitive impairment [MCI]). A systematic review was conducted utilizing a comprehensive search strategy. Twenty-four references were identified, of those, 22 fulfilled inclusion criteria were selected for further analysis with restriction to only plasma-based biomarkers. Studies found Aβ to be consistently higher among individuals with DS; however, the link between Aβ peptides (Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40) and AD among DS was inconsistent. Inflammatory-based proteins were more reliably found to be elevated leading to preliminary work focused on an algorithmic approach with predominantly inflammatory-based proteins to detect AD and MCI as well as predict risk of incidence among DS. Separate work has also shown remarkable diagnostic accuracy with the use of a single protein (NfL) as compared to combined proteomic profiles. This review serves to outline the current state of the literature and highlights the potential plasma-based biomarkers for use in detecting AD and MCI among this at-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E. Petersen
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Houston, Texas USA
| | - Sid O’Bryant
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Fort Worth, Texas, USA,Address correspondence to: Sid E. O’Bryant, Ph.D., University of North Texas Health Science Center, Institute for Translational Research3500 Camp Bowie Blvd, Fort Worth, TX 76107. Phone: (817) 735-2963; Fax: (817) 735-0611;
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26
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Abstract
During the past decades, life expectancy of subjects with Down syndrome (DS) has greatly improved, but age-specific mortality rates are still important and DS subjects are characterized by an acceleration of the ageing process, which affects particularly the immune and central nervous systems. In this chapter, we will first review the characteristics of the ageing phenomenon in brain and in immune system in DS and we will then discuss the biological hallmarks of ageing in this specific population. Finally, we will also consider in detail the knowledge on epigenetics in DS, particularly DNA methylation.
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27
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Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Gensous N, Bacalini MG, Conte M, Salvioli S. Accelerated bio-cognitive aging in Down syndrome: State of the art and possible deceleration strategies. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12903. [PMID: 30768754 PMCID: PMC6516152 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) has been proposed by George Martin as a segmental progeroid syndrome since 1978. In fact, DS persons suffer from several age-associated disorders much earlier than euploid persons. Furthermore, a series of recent studies have found that DS persons display elevated levels of age biomarkers, thus supporting the notion that DS is a progeroid trait. Nowadays, due to the progressive advancements in social inclusion processes and medical assistance, DS persons live much longer than in the past; therefore, the early-onset health problems of these persons are becoming an urgent and largely unmet social and medical burden. In particular, the most important ailment of DS persons is the accelerated cognitive decline that starts when they reach about 40 years of age. This decline can be at least in part counteracted by multi-systemic approaches including early-onset cognitive training, physical activity, and psychosocial assistance. However, no pharmacological treatment is approved to counteract this decline. According to the most advanced conceptualization of Geroscience, tackling the molecular mechanisms underpinning the aging process should be a smart/feasible strategy to combat and/or delay the great majority of age-related diseases, including cognitive decline. We think that a debate is needed urgently on if (and how) this strategy could be integrated in protocols to face DS-associated dementia and overall unhealthy aging. In particular we propose that, on the basis of data obtained in different clinical settings, metformin is a promising candidate that could be exploited to counteract cognitive decline in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di BolognaBolognaItaly
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny NovgorodRussia
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory MedicineKarolinska Institutet at Huddinge University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA)S. Orsola‐Malpighi PolyclinicBolognaItaly
- CNR Institute of Molecular GeneticsUnit of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Noémie Gensous
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | | | - Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani” (CIG)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
- Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani” (CIG)University of BolognaBolognaItaly
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Nikam V, Ranade S, Shaik Mohammad N, Kulkarni M. A pilot study on machine learning approach to delineate metabolic signatures in intellectual disability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2019; 67:94-100. [PMID: 34141402 PMCID: PMC8115603 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2019.1599168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive delays. Inborn errors of metabolism constitute an important subgroup of ID for which various treatments options are available. We aimed to identify potential biomarkers of inherited metabolic disorders from the children with ID using tandem mass spectrometry and develop a novel machine learning algorithm to differentiate between the cases and the controls. All of the cases were having IQ score <70, gross motor delay, speech disorder and no recognizable symptoms of the condition. Metabolite profiling of ID individuals exhibited low tyrosine/large neutral amino acids, high citrulline/arginine ratios; elevated proline, alanine, phenylalanine, and ornithine, while a significant decrease in the level of amino acid arginine, and elevated C4 (butyrylcarnitine) and C4OH/C3DC (3-hydroxybutyrylcarnitine/malonylcarnitine). Machine learning algorithm differentiated cases and controls efficiently using specific thresholds of ornithine, arginine and C4OH/C3DC. Furthermore, ID cases were distinguished into mild, moderate, and severe based on specific thresholds of methionine, arginine, and C5OH/C4DC (3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine/methylmalonylcarnitine). The machine learning algorithm could successfully identify specific metabolite markers in ID and correlate the same with neurological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Nikam
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Suvidya Ranade
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | | | - Mohan Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Parini P, Giuliani C, Santoro A. Inflammaging: a new immune-metabolic viewpoint for age-related diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2018; 14:576-590. [PMID: 30046148 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-018-0059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1477] [Impact Index Per Article: 246.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and age-related diseases share some basic mechanistic pillars that largely converge on inflammation. During ageing, chronic, sterile, low-grade inflammation - called inflammaging - develops, which contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. From an evolutionary perspective, a variety of stimuli sustain inflammaging, including pathogens (non-self), endogenous cell debris and misplaced molecules (self) and nutrients and gut microbiota (quasi-self). A limited number of receptors, whose degeneracy allows them to recognize many signals and to activate the innate immune responses, sense these stimuli. In this situation, metaflammation (the metabolic inflammation accompanying metabolic diseases) is thought to be the form of chronic inflammation that is driven by nutrient excess or overnutrition; metaflammation is characterized by the same mechanisms underpinning inflammaging. The gut microbiota has a central role in both metaflammation and inflammaging owing to its ability to release inflammatory products, contribute to circadian rhythms and crosstalk with other organs and systems. We argue that chronic diseases are not only the result of ageing and inflammaging; these diseases also accelerate the ageing process and can be considered a manifestation of accelerated ageing. Finally, we propose the use of new biomarkers (DNA methylation, glycomics, metabolomics and lipidomics) that are capable of assessing biological versus chronological age in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Parini
- Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cristina Giuliani
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology and Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Centre 'L. Galvani' (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre 'L. Galvani' (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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30
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Ruhaak LR, Xu G, Li Q, Goonatilleke E, Lebrilla CB. Mass Spectrometry Approaches to Glycomic and Glycoproteomic Analyses. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7886-7930. [PMID: 29553244 PMCID: PMC7757723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses involve the characterization of oligosaccharides (glycans) conjugated to proteins. Glycans are produced through a complicated nontemplate driven process involving the competition of enzymes that extend the nascent chain. The large diversity of structures, the variations in polarity of the individual saccharide residues, and the poor ionization efficiencies of glycans all conspire to make the analysis arguably much more difficult than any other biopolymer. Furthermore, the large number of glycoforms associated with a specific protein site makes it more difficult to characterize than any post-translational modification. Nonetheless, there have been significant progress, and advanced separation and mass spectrometry methods have been at its center and the main reason for the progress. While glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses are still typically available only through highly specialized laboratories, new software and workflow is making it more accessible. This review focuses on the role of mass spectrometry and separation methods in advancing glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses. It describes the current state of the field and progress toward making it more available to the larger scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Renee Ruhaak
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gege Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Elisha Goonatilleke
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Carlito B. Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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31
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Conte M, Ostan R, Fabbri C, Santoro A, Guidarelli G, Vitale G, Mari D, Sevini F, Capri M, Sandri M, Monti D, Franceschi C, Salvioli S. Human Aging and Longevity Are Characterized by High Levels of Mitokines. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 74:600-607. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Cusano Milanino
| | - Rita Ostan
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Cusano Milanino
| | - Cristina Fabbri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Cusano Milanino
| | - Giulia Guidarelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Cusano Milanino
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino
| | - Daniela Mari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - Federica Sevini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Cusano Milanino
| | - Marco Sandri
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, Padova
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Cusano Milanino
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), University of Bologna, Cusano Milanino
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Ciccarone F, Valentini E, Malavolta M, Zampieri M, Bacalini MG, Calabrese R, Guastafierro T, Reale A, Franceschi C, Capri M, Breusing N, Grune T, Moreno‐Villanueva M, Bürkle A, Caiafa P. DNA Hydroxymethylation Levels Are Altered in Blood Cells From Down Syndrome Persons Enrolled in the MARK-AGE Project. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73:737-744. [PMID: 29069286 PMCID: PMC5946825 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the presence of part or an entire extra copy of chromosome 21, a phenomenon that can cause a wide spectrum of clinically defined phenotypes of the disease. Most of the clinical signs of DS are typical of the aging process including dysregulation of immune system. Beyond the causative genetic defect, DS persons display epigenetic alterations, particularly aberrant DNA methylation patterns that can contribute to the heterogeneity of the disease. In the present work, we investigated the levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and of the Ten-eleven translocation dioxygenase enzymes, which are involved in DNA demethylation processes and are often deregulated in pathological conditions as well as in aging. Analyses were carried out on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of DS volunteers enrolled in the context of the MARK-AGE study, a large-scale cross-sectional population study with subjects representing the general population in eight European countries. We observed a decrease in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, TET1, and other components of the DNA methylation/demethylation machinery in DS subjects, indicating that aberrant DNA methylation patterns in DS, which may have consequences on the transcriptional status of immune cells, may be due to a global disturbance of methylation control in DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ciccarone
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,” Rome
| | - Elisabetta Valentini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | - Marco Malavolta
- National Institute of Health and Science on Aging (INRCA), Nutrition and Ageing Centre, Scientific and Technological Research Area, Ancona
| | - Michele Zampieri
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | | | - Roberta Calabrese
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | - Tiziana Guastafierro
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
| | - Anna Reale
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- CIG-Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani,” Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Bologna, Italy
- CIG-Interdepartmental Center “L. Galvani,” Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine (180c), University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart
| | - Tilman Grune
- German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal
| | - María Moreno‐Villanueva
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Paola Caiafa
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
- Pasteur Institute-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome
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33
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Protein N-Glycosylation in Cardiovascular Diseases and Related Risk Factors. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-018-0579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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34
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Rusli F, Boekschoten MV, Borelli V, Sun C, Lute C, Menke AL, van den Heuvel J, Salvioli S, Franceschi C, Müller M, Steegenga WT. Plasticity of lifelong calorie-restricted C57BL/6J mice in adapting to a medium-fat diet intervention at old age. Aging Cell 2018; 17. [PMID: 29266667 PMCID: PMC5847878 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is a dietary regimen that supports healthy aging. In this study, we investigated the systemic and liver‐specific responses caused by a diet switch to a medium‐fat (MF) diet in 24‐month‐old lifelong, CR‐exposed mice. This study aimed to increase the knowledge base on dietary alterations of gerontological relevance. Nine‐week‐old C57BL/6J mice were exposed either to a control, CR, or MF diet. At the age of 24 months, a subset of mice of the CR group was transferred to ad libitumMF feeding (CR‐MF). The mice were sacrificed at the age of 28 months, and then, biochemical and molecular analyses were performed. Our results showed that, despite the long‐term exposure to the CR regimen, mice in the CR‐MF group displayed hyperphagia, rapid weight gain, and hepatic steatosis. However, no hepatic fibrosis/injury or alteration in CR‐improved survival was observed in the diet switch group. The liver transcriptomic profile of CR‐MF mice largely shifted to a profile similar to the MF‐fed animals but leaving ~22% of the 1,578 differentially regulated genes between the CR and MF diet groups comparable with the expression of the lifelong CR group. Therefore, although the diet switch was performed at an old age, the CR‐MF‐exposed mice showed plasticity in coping with the challenge of a MF diet without developing severe liver pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenni Rusli
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Mark V. Boekschoten
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Borelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Chen Sun
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Lute
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Joost van den Heuvel
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences; Newcastle University; Newcastle Upon Tyne UK
- Laboratory of Genetics; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Michael Müller
- Norwich Medical School; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - Wilma T. Steegenga
- Division of Human Nutrition, Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
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35
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Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Morsiani C, Conte M, Santoro A, Grignolio A, Monti D, Capri M, Salvioli S. The Continuum of Aging and Age-Related Diseases: Common Mechanisms but Different Rates. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:61. [PMID: 29662881 PMCID: PMC5890129 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Geroscience, the new interdisciplinary field that aims to understand the relationship between aging and chronic age-related diseases (ARDs) and geriatric syndromes (GSs), is based on epidemiological evidence and experimental data that aging is the major risk factor for such pathologies and assumes that aging and ARDs/GSs share a common set of basic biological mechanisms. A consequence is that the primary target of medicine is to combat aging instead of any single ARD/GSs one by one, as favored by the fragmentation into hundreds of specialties and sub-specialties. If the same molecular and cellular mechanisms underpin both aging and ARDs/GSs, a major question emerges: which is the difference, if any, between aging and ARDs/GSs? The hypothesis that ARDs and GSs such as frailty can be conceptualized as accelerated aging will be discussed by analyzing in particular frailty, sarcopenia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson as well as Down syndrome as an example of progeroid syndrome. According to this integrated view, aging and ARDs/GSs become part of a continuum where precise boundaries do not exist and the two extremes are represented by centenarians, who largely avoided or postponed most ARDs/GSs and are characterized by decelerated aging, and patients who suffered one or more severe ARDs in their 60s, 70s, and 80s and show signs of accelerated aging, respectively. In between these two extremes, there is a continuum of intermediate trajectories representing a sort of gray area. Thus, clinically different, classical ARDs/GSs are, indeed, the result of peculiar combinations of alterations regarding the same, limited set of basic mechanisms shared with the aging process. Whether an individual will follow a trajectory of accelerated or decelerated aging will depend on his/her genetic background interacting lifelong with environmental and lifestyle factors. If ARDs and GSs are manifestations of accelerated aging, it is urgent to identify markers capable of distinguishing between biological and chronological age to identify subjects at higher risk of developing ARDs and GSs. To this aim, we propose the use of DNA methylation, N-glycans profiling, and gut microbiota composition to complement the available disease-specific markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Franceschi
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA), S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.,CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Morsiani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Conte
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aurelia Santoro
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Grignolio
- Unit and Museum of History of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvioli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center "L. Galvani" (CIG), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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36
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Effluent and serum protein N-glycosylation is associated with inflammation and peritoneal membrane transport characteristics in peritoneal dialysis patients. Sci Rep 2018; 8:979. [PMID: 29343697 PMCID: PMC5772620 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19147-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometric glycomics was used as an innovative approach to identify biomarkers in serum and dialysate samples from peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. PD is a life-saving treatment worldwide applied in more than 100,000 patients suffering from chronic kidney disease. PD treatment uses the peritoneum as a natural membrane to exchange waste products from blood to a glucose-based solution. Daily exposure of the peritoneal membrane to these solutions may cause complications such as peritonitis, fibrosis and inflammation which, in the long term, lead to the failure of the treatment. It has been shown in the last years that protein N-glycosylation is related to inflammatory and fibrotic processes. Here, by using a recently developed MALDI-TOF-MS method with linkage-specific sialic acid derivatisation, we showed that alpha2,6-sialylation, especially in triantennary N-glycans from peritoneal effluents, is associated with critical clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort of 94 PD patients. Moreover, we found an association between the levels of presumably immunoglobulin-G-related glycans as well as galactosylation of diantennary glycans with PD-related complications such as peritonitis and loss of peritoneal mesothelial cell mass. The observed glycomic changes point to changes in protein abundance and protein-specific glycosylation, representing candidate functional biomarkers of PD and associated complications.
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37
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Abstract
Glycosylation is one of the most frequent post-translational modification of proteins. Many membrane and secreted proteins are decorated by sugar chains mainly linked to asparagine (N-linked) or to serine or threonine (O-linked). The biosynthesis of the sugar chains is mainly controlled by the activity of their biosynthetic enzymes: the glycosyltransferases. Glycosylation plays multiple roles, including the fine regulation of the biological activity of glycoproteins. Inflammaging is a chronic low grade inflammatory status associated with aging, probably caused by the continuous exposure of the immune system to inflammatory stimuli of endogenous and exogenous origin. The aging-associated glycosylation changes often resemble those observed in inflammatory conditions. One of the most reproducible markers of calendar and biological aging is the presence of N-glycans lacking terminal galactose residues linked to Asn297 of IgG heavy chains (IgG-G0). Although the mechanism(s) generating IgG-G0 remain unclear, their presence in a variety of inflammatory conditions suggests a link with inflammaging. In addition, these aberrantly glycosylated IgG can exert a pro-inflammatory effect through different mechanisms, triggering a self-fueling inflammatory loop. A strong association with aging has been documented also for the plasmatic forms of glycosyltrasferases B4GALT1 and ST6GAL1, although their role in the extracellular glycosylation of antibodies does not appear likely. Siglecs, are a group of sialic acid binding mammalian lectins which mainly act as inhibitory receptors on the surface of immune cells. In general activity of Siglecs appears to be associated with long life, probably because of their ability to restrain aging-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Dall'Olio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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38
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Ibarra-González I, Rodríguez-Valentín R, Lazcano-Ponce E, Vela-Amieva M. Metabolic screening and metabolomics analysis in the Intellectual Developmental Disorders Mexico Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 59:423-428. [DOI: 10.21149/8668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are genetic conditions that are sometimes associated with intellectual developmental disorders (IDD). The aim of this study is to contribute to the metabolic characterization of IDD of unknown etiology in Mexico. Materials and methods. Metabolic screening using tandem mass spectrometry and fluorometry will be performed to rule out IEM. In addition,target metabolomic analysis will be done to characterize the metabolomic profile of patients with IDD. Conclusion. Identification of new metabolomic profiles associated withIDD of unknown etiology and comorbidities will contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic schemes for the prevention and treatment of IDD in Mexico.
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39
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Monti D, Ostan R, Borelli V, Castellani G, Franceschi C. Inflammaging and human longevity in the omics era. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 165:129-138. [PMID: 28038993 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammaging is a recent theory of aging originally proposed in 2000 where data and conceptualizations regarding the aging of the immune system (immunosenescence) and the evolution of immune responses from invertebrates to mammals converged. This theory has received an increasing number of citations and experimental confirmations. Here we present an updated version of inflammaging focused on omics data - particularly on glycomics - collected on centenarians, semi-supercentenarians and their offspring. Accordingly, we arrived to the following conclusions: i) inflammaging has a structure where specific combinations of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators are involved; ii) inflammaging is systemic and more complex than we previously thought, as many organs, tissues and cell types participate in producing pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli defined "molecular garbage"; iii) inflammaging is dynamic, can be propagated locally to neighboring cells and systemically from organ to organ by circulating products and microvesicles, and amplified by chronic age-related diseases constituting a "local fire", which in turn produces additional inflammatory stimuli and molecular garbage; iv) an integrated Systems Medicine approach is urgently needed to let emerge a robust and highly informative set/combination of omics markers able to better grasp the complex molecular core of inflammaging in elderly and centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Rita Ostan
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) and Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Borelli
- Interdepartmental Centre "L. Galvani" (CIG) and Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gastone Castellani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy DIFA, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139 Bologna, Italy
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40
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Reiding KR, Ruhaak LR, Uh HW, El Bouhaddani S, van den Akker EB, Plomp R, McDonnell LA, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Slagboom PE, Beekman M, Wuhrer M. Human Plasma N-glycosylation as Analyzed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance-MS Associates with Markers of Inflammation and Metabolic Health. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 16:228-242. [PMID: 27932526 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.065250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an abundant co- and post-translational protein modification of importance to protein processing and activity. Although not template-defined, glycosylation does reflect the biological state of an organism and is a high-potential biomarker for disease and patient stratification. However, to interpret a complex but informative sample like the total plasma N-glycome, it is important to establish its baseline association with plasma protein levels and systemic processes. Thus far, large-scale studies (n >200) of the total plasma N-glycome have been performed with methods of chromatographic and electrophoretic separation, which, although being informative, are limited in resolving the structural complexity of plasma N-glycans. MS has the opportunity to contribute additional information on, among others, antennarity, sialylation, and the identity of high-mannose type species.Here, we have used matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR)-MS to study the total plasma N-glycome of 2144 healthy middle-aged individuals from the Leiden Longevity Study, to allow association analysis with markers of metabolic health and inflammation. To achieve this, N-glycans were enzymatically released from their protein backbones, labeled at the reducing end with 2-aminobenzoic acid, and following purification analyzed by negative ion mode intermediate pressure MALDI-FTICR-MS. In doing so, we achieved the relative quantification of 61 glycan compositions, ranging from Hex4HexNAc2 to Hex7HexNAc6dHex1Neu5Ac4, as well as that of 39 glycosylation traits derived thereof. Next to confirming known associations of glycosylation with age and sex by MALDI-FTICR-MS, we report novel associations with C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), body mass index (BMI), leptin, adiponectin, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), insulin, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and smoking. Overall, the bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation of diantennary species, the sialylation of tetraantennary species, and the size of high-mannose species proved to be important plasma characteristics associated with inflammation and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karli R Reiding
- From the ‡Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L Renee Ruhaak
- §Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hae-Won Uh
- ¶Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Said El Bouhaddani
- ¶Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Erik B van den Akker
- ¶Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,**Pattern Recognition & Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Rosina Plomp
- From the ‡Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Liam A McDonnell
- From the ‡Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine J Houwing-Duistermaat
- ¶Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.,‡‡Department of Statistics, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- ‖Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- ‖Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- From the ‡Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
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41
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Hennig R, Cajic S, Borowiak M, Hoffmann M, Kottler R, Reichl U, Rapp E. Towards personalized diagnostics via longitudinal study of the human plasma N-glycome. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1728-38. [PMID: 27038647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Facilitated by substantial advances in analytical methods, plasma N-glycans have emerged as potential candidates for biomarkers. In the recent years, several investigations could link aberrant plasma N-glycosylation to numerous diseases. However, due to often limited specificity and sensitivity, only a very limited number of glycan biomarkers were approved by the authorities up to now. The inter-individual heterogeneity of the plasma N-glycomes might mask disease related changes in conventional large cross-sectional cohort studies, with a one-time sampling approach. But, a possible benefit of longitudinal sampling in biomarker discovery could be, that already small changes during disease progression are revealed, by monitoring the plasma N-glycome of individuals over time. To evaluate this, we collected blood plasma samples of five healthy donors over a time period of up to six years (min. 1.5 years). The plasma N-glycome was analyzed by xCGE-LIF, to investigate the intra-individual N-glycome variability over time. It is shown, that the plasma N-glycome of an individual is remarkably stable over a period of several years, and that observed small longitudinal changes are independent from seasons, but significantly correlated with lifestyle and environmental factors. Thus, the potential of future longitudinal biomarker discovery studies could be demonstrated, which is a further step towards personalized diagnostics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Glycans in personalised medicine" Guest Editor: Professor Gordan Lauc.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Hennig
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; glyXera GmbH, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Samanta Cajic
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Hoffmann
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Kottler
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Udo Reichl
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Otto-von-Guericke University, Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Erdmann Rapp
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; glyXera GmbH, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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42
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Miura Y, Endo T. Glycomics and glycoproteomics focused on aging and age-related diseases--Glycans as a potential biomarker for physiological alterations. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1608-14. [PMID: 26801879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since glycosylation depends on glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, and sugar nucleotide donors, it is susceptible to the changes associated with physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, alterations in glycan structures may be good targets and biomarkers for monitoring health conditions. Since human aging and longevity are affected by genetic and environmental factors such as diseases, lifestyle, and social factors, a scale that reflects various environmental factors is required in the study of human aging and longevity. SCOPE OF REVIEW We herein focus on glycosylation changes elucidated by glycomic and glycoproteomic studies on aging, longevity, and age-related diseases including cognitive impairment, diabetes mellitus, and frailty. We also consider the potential of glycan structures as biomarkers and/or targets for monitoring physiological and pathophysiological changes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Glycan structures are altered in age-related diseases. These glycans and glycoproteins may be involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases and, thus, be useful diagnostic markers. Age-dependent changes in N-glycans have been reported previously in cohort studies, and characteristic N-glycans in extreme longevity have been proposed. These findings may lead to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying aging as well as the factors influencing longevity. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Alterations in glycosylation may be good targets and biomarkers for monitoring health conditions, and be applicable to studies on age-related diseases and healthy aging. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Glycans in personalised medicine" Guest Editor: Professor Gordan Lauc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Miura
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Tamao Endo
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
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