1
|
Tripathi SH, Min S, Cody AS, Shukla G, Houssein FA, Howard JS, Hu A, Previtera MJ, Phillips KM, Sedaghat AR. Variability in Minimal Clinically Important Difference Calculation and Reporting in the Otolaryngology Literature. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:2059-2069. [PMID: 37933798 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Best practices for calculation of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of outcome measures include the use of complementary methodologies (broadly classified as anchor-based and distribution-based) and reporting of the MCID's predictive ability. We sought to determine MCID calculation and reporting patterns within the otolaryngology literature. METHODS A systematic search strategy of Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases was developed and implemented to identify studies reporting the determination of an MCID for an outcome measure. Studies specifically within the otolaryngology literature (defined as journals classified as "otorhinolaryngology" in the Journal Citation Reports database) were included. All those journals were additionally searched for relevant articles. RESULTS There were 35 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 88.6% reported MCID of a patient-reported outcome measure and the remainder were for objective outcome measurements. Anchor-based methods were used by 82.9% of studies and distribution-based methods were used by 68.6% of studies. Of all studies, 31.4% utilized anchor-based methods alone, 17.1% utilized distribution-based methods alone, and 51.4% used both methods. Only 25.7% of studies reported the sensitivity (median: 60.8%, range: 40.5%-86.7%) and specificity (median: 80.4%, range: 63.5%-88.0%) of the MCID to detect patients experiencing clinically important change. CONCLUSION Deviation from best practices in MCID calculation and reporting exists within the otolaryngology literature, with almost half of all studies only using one method of MCID calculation and almost three-quarters not reporting the predictive ability (sensitivity/specificity) of the calculated MCID. When predictive ability is reported, however, MCIDs appear to be more specific than sensitive. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:2059-2069, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant H Tripathi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Susie Min
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Alexander S Cody
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Geet Shukla
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Firas A Houssein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - John S Howard
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Alex Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Melissa J Previtera
- Health Sciences Library, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Katie M Phillips
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Ahmad R Sedaghat
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Cheng F, Wang ZW, Jin HX, Cao BY, You PF, Hu A, Shi XY, Du J, Yuan ZX. [Preparation of chitin/hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogel loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells and its effects on wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in rats]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2024; 40:50-56. [PMID: 38296236 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20230928-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To prepare the chitin/hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogel loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells and to explore its effects on wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in rats. Methods: The research was an experimental research. Chitin nanofibers were prepared by acid hydrolysis and alkaline extraction method, and then mixed with hyaluronic acid and collagen to prepare chitin/hyaluronic acid/collagen hydrogels (hereinafter referred to as hydrogels). Besides, the hydrogels loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells were prepared. Thirty male 12-week-old guinea pigs were divided into negative control group, positive control group, and hydrogel group according to the random number table, with 10 guinea pigs in each group. Ethanol, 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, or the aforementioned prepared hydrogels without cells were topically applied on both sides of back of guinea pigs respectively for induced contact and stimulated contact, and skin edema and erythema formation were observed at 24 and 48 h after stimulated contact. Adipose-derived stem cells from mice were divided into normal control group cultured routinely and hydrogel group cultured with the aforementioned prepared hydrogels without cells. After 3 d of culture, protein expressions of platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D), insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) were detected by Western blotting (n=3). Eight male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were taken and a circular full-thickness skin defect wound was created on each side of the back. The wounds were divided into blank control group without any treatment and hydrogel group with the aforementioned prepared hydrogels loaded with adipose-derived stem cells applied. Wound healing was observed at 0 (immediately), 2, 4, 8, and 10 d after injury, and the wound healing rate was calculated at 2, 4, 8, and 10 d after injury. Wound tissue samples at 10 d after injury were collected, the new tissue formation was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the concentrations of interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method; the expressions of CD16 and CD206 positive cells were observed by immunohistochemical staining and the percentages of positive cells were calculated. The sample numbers in animal experiment were all 8. Results: At 24 h after stimulated contact, no skin edema was observed in the three groups of guinea pigs, and only mild skin erythema was observed in 7 guinea pigs in positive control group. At 48 h after stimulated contact, skin erythema was observed in 8 guinea pigs and skin edema was observed in 4 guinea pigs in positive control group, while no obvious skin erythema or edema was observed in guinea pigs in the other two groups. After 3 d of culture, the protein expression levels of PDGF-D, IGF-I, and TGF-β1 in adipose-derived stem cells in hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (with t values of 12.91, 11.83, and 7.92, respectively, P<0.05). From 0 to 10 d after injury, the wound areas in both groups gradually decreased, and the wounds in hydrogel group were almost completely healed at 10 d after injury. At 4, 8, and 10 d after injury, the wound healing rates in hydrogel group were (38±4)%, (54±5)%, and (69±6)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than (21±6)%, (29±7)%, and (31±7)% in blank control group (with t values of 3.82, 3.97, and 4.05, respectively, Pvalues all <0.05). At 10 d after injury, compared with those in blank control group, the epidermis in wound in hydrogel group was more intact, and there were increases in hair follicles, blood vessels, and other skin appendages. At 10 d after injury, the concentrations of IL-1α and IL-6 in wound tissue in hydrogel group were significantly lower than those in blank control group (with tvalues of 8.21 and 7.99, respectively, P<0.05), while the concentrations of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher than those in blank control group (with tvalues of 6.57 and 9.03, respectively, P<0.05). The percentage of CD16 positive cells in wound tissue in hydrogel group was significantly lower than that in blank control group (t=8.02, P<0.05), while the percentage of CD206 positive cells was significantly higher than that in blank control group (t=7.21, P<0.05). Conclusions: The hydrogel loaded with mouse adipose-derived stem cells is non-allergenic, can promote the secretion of growth factors in adipose-derived stem cells, promote the polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype in wound tissue in rats with full-thickness skin defects, and alleviate inflammatory reaction, thereby promoting wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - F Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Z W Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - H X Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - B Y Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - P F You
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - A Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - X Y Shi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Northern Theater Command General Hospital, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - J Du
- Laboratory of Acute and Critical Care Research and Transformation, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Z X Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun 130021, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang L, Miller ED, Shakya R, Na R, Hu A, Packard R, Williams TM. Investigation of ATR Inhibitor VX970 as a Radiosensitizer in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e271-e272. [PMID: 37785025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of combined cancer-related mortality in males and females in the U.S. Traditional treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Emerging data suggests that higher response rates can be achieved with total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) where delivery of all chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) occurs prior to surgery. In addition, for patients with a complete response to TNT, non-operative management (NOM) can be considered. However, despite the use of TNT, pathologic complete response rates remain below 40% and NOM is only achieved in approximately 50% of rectal cancer patients. A strong need remains for more active anti-cancer therapies in rectal cancer to both reduce pelvic recurrence and facilitate NOM. Here, we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein kinase (ATR), a critical regulator of cellular DNA damage response, could increase the sensitivity of CRC to RT. MATERIALS/METHODS VX970, a highly potent and selective ATR inhibitor, was investigated as a radiosensitizer in SW48 and LoVo CRC cell models. In vitro, IC50 of VX970 was assessed by alamarBlue cytotoxicity assay, while radiosensitivity was revealed by radiation clonogenic assays (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy). ATR activity was determined by p-Chk1 using immunoblotting, and cell cycle distribution was analyzed by propidium iodide flow cytometry. CRC xenografts were generated using both LoVo and SW48 cells injected in the left flanks of athymic nude mice to explore the radiosensitizing effects of VX970 in vivo. Tumors were allowed to grow to 100-150 mm3, and the mice were randomized into multiple groups [vehicle alone, RT alone (10 Gy/5 fractions), VX970 alone, and VX970+RT]. Mouse weights and tumor size were measured three times weekly. Comparison of treatment groups was performed using the log-rank test with P<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS The IC50 concentrations of VX970 on SW48 and LoVo cells were about 500 and 100 nM, respectively. VX970 at doses of 3 nM did not alter the viability of CRC cells, but significantly sensitized CRC cells to radiotherapy (P<0.05), with DER of 1.43 and 1.59, respectively, in SW48 and LoVo cells. VX970 efficiently attenuated p-Chk1 expression and significantly abrogated radiation induced G2/M cell cycle arrest (P<0.05). In addition, VX970 in combination with radiotherapy significantly prolonged tumor growth delay of CRC xenografts compared to radiation alone (P<0.05), with minimal toxicity observed. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the ATR-Chk1 pathway by targeting ATR kinase with VX970 sensitizes CRC to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Our findings support that ATR inhibition by VX970 is a promising new approach to improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy for patients with CRC and warrants further clinical testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| | - E D Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - R Shakya
- Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - R Na
- Target Validation Shared Resource, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - A Hu
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - R Packard
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - T M Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu W, Hu A, Xu H, Su J. LincRNA-EPS Alleviates Inflammation in TMJ Osteoarthritis by Binding to SRSF3. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1141-1151. [PMID: 37464762 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231180464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a common inflammatory disease that can cause pain, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone loss. However, the key regulatory factors and new targets for the treatment of TMJOA have yet to be determined. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown remarkable potential in regulating tissue homeostasis and disease development. The long intergenic RNA-erythroid prosurvival (lincRNA-EPS) is reported to be an effective inhibitor of inflammation, but its role in TMJOA is unexplored. Here, we found that lincRNA-EPS is downregulated and negatively correlated with inflammatory factors in the condyles of TMJOA mice. LincRNA-EPS knockout aggravated inflammation and tissue destruction after TMJOA modeling. The in vitro studies confirmed that loss of lincRNA-EPS facilitated inflammatory factor expression in condylar chondrocytes, while recovered expression of lincRNA-EPS showed anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing revealed that the inflammatory response pathway nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was mostly affected by lincRNA-EPS deficiency. Moreover, lincRNA-EPS was proved to effectively bind to serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) and inhibit its function in pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) formation, thus restraining the PKM2/NF-κB pathway and the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, local injection of the lincRNA-EPS overexpression lentivirus significantly alleviated inflammation, cartilage degradation, and subchondral bone loss in TMJOA mice. Overall, lincRNA-EPS regulated the inflammatory process of condylar chondrocytes by binding to SRSF3 and showed translational application potential in the treatment of TMJOA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - A Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - H Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - J Su
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lyon A, Yu Q, Hu A, Benson J, Ahmed O. Abstract No. 572 Meta-Analysis of Genicular Artery Embolization for Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
|
6
|
Lyon A, Yu Q, Tran P, Ungchusri E, Hu A, Neale M, Benson J, Ahmed O. Abstract No. 594 Single Session Mechanical Thrombectomy of Ileofemoral Deep Vein Thrombosis with ClotTriever: Exploring its Possibilities in an Outpatient Setting. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
|
7
|
Hu A, Cohen E, Fishbein T, Sharma K. Abstract No. 198 Portal Vein Embolization for Future Liver Remnant Enhancement in Initially Unresectable Pediatric Hepatoblastoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
|
8
|
Min S, Zhang G, Hu A, Petito G, Tripathi S, Shukla G, Kumar A, Shah S, Phillips K, Forbes JA, Zuccarello M, Andaluz N, Sedaghat AR. A comprehensive analysis of tobacco smoking history as a risk for outcomes after endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/a-2043-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study seeks to comprehensively analyze the impact of smoking history on outcomes after endoscopic transsphenoidal hypophysectomy (TSH) for pituitary adenoma.
Design: Retrospective.
Setting: Tertiary care center.
Participants: 398 adult patients undergoing TSH for a pituitary adenoma.
Main outcome measures: Clinical and tumor characteristics and operative factors were collected. Patients were categorized as never, former, or active smokers, and the pack-years of smoking history was collected. Years since cessation of smoking was obtained for former smokers. Specific outcomes included post-operative CSF leak, length of hospitalization, 30-day return to the operating room, and 30-day readmission. Smoking history details were comprehensively analyzed for association with outcomes.
Results: Any history of smoking tobacco was associated with return to the operating room (OR=2.67, 95%CI: 1.05–6.76, p=0.039), which was for persistent CSF leak in 58.3%. Among patients with post-operative CSF leak, any history of smoking was associated with need for return to the operating room to repair the CSF leak (OR=5.25, 95%CI: 1.07–25.79, p=0.041). Pack-years of smoking was positively associated with a return to the operating room (OR=1.03, 95%CI: 1.01–1.06, p=0.048). In all multivariable models, all negative outcomes were significantly associated with the covariate occurrence of intra-operative CSF leak.
Conclusion: This is the first study to show smoking may have a negative impact on healing of CSF leak repairs after TSH, requiring a return to the operating room. This effect appears to be dose-dependent on the smoking history. Secondarily, intra-operative CSF leak as covariate in multivariable models was significantly associated with all negative outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susie Min
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Grace Zhang
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Alex Hu
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Gabrielle Petito
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Siddhant Tripathi
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Geet Shukla
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Adithya Kumar
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Sanjit Shah
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Katie Phillips
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| | | | - Mario Zuccarello
- Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Norberto Andaluz
- Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States
| | - Ahmad R Sedaghat
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xiao F, Hu A, Meng B, Zhang Y, Han W, Su J. PVH-Peri5 Pathway for Stress-Coping Oromotor and Anxious Behaviors in Mice. J Dent Res 2023; 102:227-237. [PMID: 36303441 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221130305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stressful stimuli can activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Clinically, it has been widely reported that stressful events are often accompanied by teeth clenching and bruxism, while mastication (chewing) can promote coping with stress. Trigeminal motoneurons in the trigeminal motor nucleus supplying the chewing muscles receive direct inputs from interneurons within the peritrigeminal premotor area (Peri5). Previous studies found that the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVH) participates in trigeminal activities during stressful events. However, the neural pathway by which the stress-induced oral movements alleviate stress is largely unknown. We hypothesized that paraventricular-trigeminal circuits might be associated with the stress-induced chewing movements and anxiety levels. First, we observed the stress-coping effect of wood gnawing on stress-induced anxiety, with less anxiety-like behaviors seen in the open field test and elevated plus maze, as well as decreased corticosterone and blood glucose levels, in response to stress in mice. We then found that excitotoxic lesions of PVH reduced the effect of gnawing on stress, reflected in more anxiety-like behaviors; this emphasizes the importance of the PVH in stress responses. Anterograde, retrograde, transsynaptic, and nontranssynaptic tracing through central and peripheral injections confirmed monosynaptic projections from PVH to Peri5. We discovered that PVH receives proprioceptive sensory inputs from the jaw muscle and periodontal ligaments, as well as provides motor outputs via the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (Me5) and Peri5. Next, pathway-specific functional manipulation by chemogenetic inhibition was conducted to further explore the role of PVH-Peri5 monosynaptic projections. Remarkably, PVH-Peri5 inhibition decreased gnawing but did not necessarily reduce stress-induced anxiety. Moreover, neuropeptide B (NPB) was expressed in Peri5-projecting PVH neurons, indicating that NPB signaling may mediate the effects of PVH-Peri5. In conclusion, our data revealed a PVH-Peri5 circuit that plays a role in the stress response via its associations with oromotor movements and relative anxiety-like behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Xiao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - A Hu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - B Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - W Han
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | - J Su
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
So L, Obata-Ninomiya K, Hu A, Muir VS, Takamori A, Song J, Buckner JH, Savan R, Ziegler SF. Regulatory T cells suppress CD4+ effector T cell activation by controlling protein synthesis. J Exp Med 2023; 220:213791. [PMID: 36598533 PMCID: PMC9827529 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress the activation and subsequent effector functions of CD4 effector T cells (Teffs). However, molecular mechanisms that enforce Treg-mediated suppression in CD4 Teff are unclear. We found that Tregs suppressed activation-induced global protein synthesis in CD4 Teffs prior to cell division. We analyzed genome-wide changes in the transcriptome and translatome of activated CD4 Teffs. We show that mRNAs encoding for the protein synthesis machinery are regulated at the level of translation in activated CD4 Teffs by Tregs. Tregs suppressed global protein synthesis of CD4 Teffs by specifically inhibiting mRNAs of the translation machinery at the level of mTORC1-mediated translation control through concerted action of immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGFβ. Lastly, we found that the therapeutic targeting of protein synthesis with the RNA helicase eIF4A inhibitor rocaglamide A can alleviate inflammatory CD4 Teff activation caused by acute Treg depletion in vivo. These data show that peripheral tolerance is enforced by Tregs through mRNA translational control in CD4 Teffs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lomon So
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Alex Hu
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Virginia S. Muir
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ayako Takamori
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jing Song
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jane H. Buckner
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ram Savan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Correspondence to Ram Savan:
| | - Steven F. Ziegler
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,Steven F. Ziegler:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Speake C, Habib T, Lambert K, Hundhausen C, Lord S, Dufort MJ, Skinner SO, Hu A, Kinsman M, Jones BE, Maerz MD, Tatum M, Hocking AM, Nepom GT, Greenbaum CJ, Buckner JH. IL-6-targeted therapies to block the cytokine or its receptor drive distinct alterations in T cell function. JCI Insight 2022; 7:159436. [PMID: 36282595 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.159436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutics that inhibit IL-6 at different points in its signaling pathway are in clinical use, yet whether the immunological effects of these interventions differ based on their molecular target is unknown. We performed short-term interventions in individuals with type 1 diabetes using anti-IL-6 (siltuximab) or anti-IL-6 receptor (IL-6R; tocilizumab) therapies and investigated the impact of this in vivo blockade on T cell fate and function. Immune outcomes were influenced by the target of the therapeutic intervention (IL-6 versus IL-6R) and by peak drug concentration. Tocilizumab reduced ICOS expression on T follicular helper cell populations and T cell receptor-driven (TCR-driven) STAT3 phosphorylation. Siltuximab reversed resistance to Treg-mediated suppression and increased TCR-driven phosphorylated STAT3 and production of IL-10, IL-21, and IL-27 by T effectors. Together, these findings indicate that the context of IL-6 blockade in vivo drives distinct T cell-intrinsic changes that may influence therapeutic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex Hu
- Center for Systems Immunology, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gerald T Nepom
- Immune Tolerance Network, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Capt B, Hu A, Yao L. DISTINGUISHING POLYCYTHEMIA FROM ALLERGIC PRURITUS. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.08.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
13
|
Song J, Anderson W, Hu A, Obata-Ninomiya K, Ziegler SF, Rawlings DJ, Buckner JH. CBLBDeficiency in Human CD4 +T Cells Results in Resistance to T Regulatory Suppression through Multiple Mechanisms. J I 2022; 209:1260-1271. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
14
|
Li H, Chen M, Xue C, Li L, Hu A, Yang W, Zheng Z, Ni M, Zhang L, Zeng Y, Peng J, Yao K, Zhou F, Liu Z, An X, Shi Y. 1744P Camrelizumab plus nab-paclitaxel in platinum-resistant patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A multicentre, single-arm, phase II study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
15
|
Foxe D, Hu A, Cheung SC, Ahmed RM, Cordato NJ, Devenney E, Hwang YT, Halliday GM, Mueller N, Leyton CE, Hodges JR, Burrell JR, Irish M, Piguet O. Utility of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III online calculator to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac161. [PMID: 35912134 PMCID: PMC9336588 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III is a brief cognitive screening tool that is widely used for the detection and monitoring of dementia. Recent findings suggest that the three variants of primary progressive aphasia can be distinguished based on their distinct profiles on the five subdomain scores of this test. Here, we investigated the utility of the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants based on their item-by-item performance profiles on this test. From these results, we created an interactive primary progressive aphasia Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III calculator which predicts the variant based on a patient’s unique item-by-item profile. Twenty-eight logopenic variant, 25 non-fluent variant and 37 semantic variant primary progressive aphasia patients and 104 healthy controls completed the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III at first clinical presentation. Multinomial regression analyses were conducted to establish performance profiles among groups, and R Shiny from RStudio was used to create the interactive Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III diagnostic calculator. To verify its accuracy, probability values of the regression model were derived based on a 5-fold cross-validation of cases. The calculator’s accuracy was then verified in an independent sample of 17 logopenic, 19 non-fluent and 13 semantic variant primary progressive aphasia patients and 68 Alzheimer’s disease patients who had completed the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III (or an older version of this test: Revised) and had in vivo amyloid-PET imaging and/or brain autopsy pathological confirmation. Cross-validation of cases in the calculator model revealed different rates of sensitivity in classifying variants: semantic = 100%, non-fluent = 80.6% and logopenic = 79.9%; healthy controls were distinguished from primary progressive aphasia patients with 100% sensitivity. Verification of in vivo amyloid and/or autopsy-confirmed patients showed that the calculator correctly classified 10/13 (77%) semantic variant, 3/19 (16%) non-fluent variant and 4/17 (24%) logopenic variant patients. Importantly, for patients who were not classified, diagnostic probability values mostly pointed toward the correct clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, misclassified diagnoses of the primary progressive aphasia cohort were rare (1/49; 2%). Although 22 of the 68 Alzheimer’s disease patients (32%) were misclassified with primary progressive aphasia, 19/22 were misclassified with the logopenic variant (i.e. falling within the same neuropathological entity). The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III primary progressive aphasia diagnostic calculator demonstrates sound accuracy in differentiating the variants based on an item-by-item Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination III profile. This calculator represents a new frontier in using data-driven approaches to differentiate the primary progressive aphasia variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Foxe
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney , 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
| | - A Hu
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - S C Cheung
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney , 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
| | - R M Ahmed
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - N J Cordato
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales , Sydney, NSW 2217 , Australia
- The Department of Aged Care, St George Hospital , Sydney, NSW 2217 , Australia
- Calvary Health Care Kogarah, Calvary Community Health , Sydney, NSW 2217 , Australia
| | - E Devenney
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Y T Hwang
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - G M Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - N Mueller
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- Central Clinical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - C E Leyton
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney , 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
| | - J R Hodges
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
| | - J R Burrell
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
- Concord Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2139 , Australia
| | - M Irish
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney , 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
| | - O Piguet
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney , 94 Mallett St, Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney , Sydney, NSW 2050 , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Obata-Ninomiya K, de Jesus Carrion S, Hu A, Ziegler SF. Emerging role for thymic stromal lymphopoietin-responsive regulatory T cells in colorectal cancer progression in humans and mice. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl6960. [PMID: 35584230 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl6960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recruitment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to tumors is a hallmark of cancer progression. Tumor-derived factors, such as the cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), can influence Treg function in tumors. In our study, we identified a subset of Tregs expressing the receptor for TSLP (TSLPR+ Tregs) that were increased in colorectal tumors in humans and mice and largely absent in adjacent normal colon. This Treg subset was also found in the peripheral blood of patients with colon cancer but not in the peripheral blood of healthy control subjects. Mechanistically, we found that this Treg subset coexpressed the interleukin-33 (IL-33) receptor [suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2)] and had high programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expression, regulated in part by the transcription factor Mef2c. Treg-specific deletion of TSLPR, but not ST2, was associated with a reduction in tumor number and size with concomitant increase in TH1 cells in tumors in chemically induced mouse models of colorectal cancer. Therapeutic blockade of TSLP using TSLP-specific monoclonal antibodies effectively inhibited the progression of colorectal tumors in this mouse model. Collectively, these data suggest that TSLP controls the progression of colorectal cancer through regulation of tumor-specific Treg function and represents a potential therapeutic target that requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alex Hu
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Steven F Ziegler
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sanjeev A, Reddy NN, Bhaskar S, Rohini R, Raju AK, Kumar BV, Hu A, Reddy PM. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of 3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamamide-Tethered 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives. Russ J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
18
|
Lambert K, Moo KG, Arnett A, Goel G, Hu A, Flynn KJ, Speake C, Wiedeman AE, Gersuk VH, Linsley PS, Greenbaum CJ, Long SA, Partridge R, Buckner JH, Khor B. Deep immune phenotyping reveals similarities between aging, Down syndrome, and autoimmunity. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabi4888. [PMID: 35020411 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abi4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Lambert
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Keagan G Moo
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Azlann Arnett
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Gautam Goel
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Alex Hu
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kaitlin J Flynn
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Cate Speake
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Alice E Wiedeman
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Vivian H Gersuk
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Peter S Linsley
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Carla J Greenbaum
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - S Alice Long
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Rebecca Partridge
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Mason Medical Center, 100 N.E. Gilman Blvd., Issaquah, WA 98027, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Bernard Khor
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ruffner MA, Hu A, Dilollo J, Benocek K, Shows D, Gluck M, Spergel JM, Ziegler SF, Hill DA, Cerosaletti K. Conserved IFN Signature between Adult and Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis. J Immunol 2021; 206:1361-1371. [PMID: 33558373 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergic inflammatory disease of the esophagus that occurs in both children and adults. Previous studies of affected tissue from pediatric cohorts have identified prominent signatures of eosinophilia and type 2 inflammation. However, the details of the immune response in adults with EoE are still being elucidated. To determine whether EoE in adults shares inflammatory profiles with those observed in children, we performed RNA sequencing of paired human esophageal biopsies and blood samples from adults with EoE or gastroesophageal reflux disease. Unbiased analysis of differentially expressed genes in tissue revealed a strong IFN signature that was significantly enriched in EoE patients as compared with patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Both type I and type II IFN-responsive genes were upregulated in adult biopsies, but not in blood. A similar increase in expression of IFN gene sets was observed in pediatric EoE biopsies as compared with non-EoE samples, and in public pediatric and adult RNA-sequencing data. Finally, we found that human peripheral CD4+ T cells from children with EoE produce IFN-γ upon activation with EoE-causal allergens. Together, this work identifies a conserved IFN signature in pediatric and adult EoE, highlighting a role for non-type 2 inflammatory networks in the disease process in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A Ruffner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Alex Hu
- Centers for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Julianna Dilollo
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kassidy Benocek
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Donna Shows
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Michael Gluck
- Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98101; and
| | - Jonathan M Spergel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Steven F Ziegler
- Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - David A Hill
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104; .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Karen Cerosaletti
- Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA 98101;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen W, Shen J, Zhang Y, Hu A, Liang J, Ma L, Yu X, Huang Y. A randomised controlled trial of fibrinogen concentrate during scoliosis surgery. Anaesthesia 2020; 75:1476-1481. [PMID: 32500569 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bleeding and blood transfusion are common after scoliosis surgery. Fibrinogen is essential for blood clot formation and depletes quickly during haemorrhage. We randomly allocated 102 children 12-18 years old having surgery for idiopathic scoliosis, 51 to intra-operative fibrinogen concentrate 30 mg.kg-1 (maximum 2 g) and 51 to saline placebo. Fibrinogen reduced peri-operative blood loss by a median (95%CI) volume of 155 (5-320) ml, from a median (IQR [range]) of 1035 (818-1420 [400-3030]) ml to 885 (755-1155 [270-2645]) ml, p = 0.04. Seven and four children received allogeneic red blood cell transfusion after fibrinogen and placebo, respectively, p = 0.34. There were no side-effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - J Shen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - A Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - J Liang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - L Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - X Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu A, Nevskaya T, Baron M, Pope J. FRI0245 PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS IS NEARLY ALWAYS ACCOMPANIED BY A LOW DIFFUSING CAPACITY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis; SSc) has high morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is common with a high mortality (1). SSc patients are screened with pulmonary function tests (diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; DLCO) (2).Objectives:The DLCO%predicted was analyzed comparing patients with and without PAH to determine if it is always low at time of PAH diagnosis.Methods:The Canadian Scleroderma Research Group (CSRG) database was used containing more than 1300 SSc patients with a mean disease duration of 8 years. All patients with at least one follow up visit and DLCO recorded at least twice were eligible for enrolment into this nested case control study. Diagnosis of PH was verified using several algorithms within the database including R heart catheterization, use of PH medications and physician response of ‘yes’ to question has this patient been diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension. Sensitivity, specificity and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for DLC0%predicted <50% and presence of PH/PAH.Results:At time of PH diagnosis, the mean DLCO% predicted was 47% (N=30) vs no PH 73% (N=960) P<0.0001, and proven documented PAH also showed the differences (PAH, N=22 DLCO% predicted 51% vs. PAH negative (N=968) DLCO% pred 72%, P<0.0001) (Table 1). The OR of a DLCO%predicted less than 60 was 4.7 for PAH and 7.6 for PH (both P<0.001) and even higher if DLCO<50% (OR 11.5 for PH and 7.6 for PAH). Table 2 shows the PPV of DLCO at varying levels.Table 1.DLCO comparison between PH+ and PH- SSc patients and between PAH+ and PAH- SSc patients, at the time of diagnosis.PH+(n=30)PH-(n=960)P-valuePAH+(n=22)PAH- (n=968)P-valuemean±SD47.17±17.5372.74±20.79<0.000151.23±17.5572.44±20.99<0.0001Range18-8113-14725-8113-147Table 2.Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values in SSc-PH and -PAH for DLCO at various cut points.ORPPVSpecificityNPVSensitivityDLCO<50%11.5 (CI 95% 5.4-24.8),p<0.000113.2%87.0%98.7%63.3%PHDLCO<60%7.6 (CI 95% 3.3-17.2), p<0.00017.9%73.3%98.9%73.3%DLCO>80%0.06 (CI 95% 0.008-0.46), p=0.0070.3%64.5%95.5%3.3%DLCO<50%7.6 (CI 95% 3.2-17.9), p<0.00018.3%86.4%98.8%54.5%PAHDLCO<60%4.7 (1.9-11.3), p<0.0015.0%72.7%98.9%63.6%DLCO>80%0.1 (0.01-0.7), p=0.0180.3%64.8%96.8%4.5%Conclusion:A low DLCO is associated with a high odds of PH/PAH in SSc and the NPV is very high at both DLCO<50% predicted and <60% predicted. This may aid in determining who should recieve a right heart catheterization in SSc patients.References:[1]Mukerjee D et al (2003) Prevalence and outcome in systemic sclerosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: application of a registry approach. Ann Rheum Dis 62(11):1088-93[2]Khanna D et al (2013) Recommendations for screening and detection of connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. Arthritis Rheum 65(12):3194-201Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The gut is composed of a single layer of intestinal epithelial cells and plays important roles in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, immune and barrier functions and amino acid metabolism. Weaning stress impairs piglet intestinal epithelium structural and functional integrities, which results in reduced feed intake, growth rates and increased morbidity and mortality. Several measures are needed to maintain swine gut development and growth performance after weaning stress. A large body of evidence indicates that, in weaning piglets, glutamine, a functional amino acid, may improve growth performance and intestinal morphology, reduce oxidative damage, stimulate enterocyte proliferation, modulate cell survival and death and enhance intestinal paracellular permeability. This review focuses on the effects of glutamine on intestinal health in piglets. The aim is to provide evidentiary support for using glutamine as a feed additive to alleviate weaning stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F J Ji
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 4 West Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571101, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644 Yuanda 2nd Road, Changsha 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - L X Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644 Yuanda 2nd Road, Changsha 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - H S Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644 Yuanda 2nd Road, Changsha 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - A Hu
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, 36 Lushan Road, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process; National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 644 Yuanda 2nd Road, Changsha 410125, People's Republic of China
- Academician Workstation of Changsha Medical University, 1501 Leifeng Road, Changsha 410219, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang H, Wang S, Liu P, Ma Y, Hu A, Sun C, Dong J. Comparison of dysregulated long noncoding RNAs in lung adenocarcinoma and spinal metastasis: A genome-wide analysis. Neoplasma 2019; 66:930-938. [PMID: 31390868 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2018_181111n854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play crucial roles in cancer metastasis, yet the lncRNAs landscape of lung adenocarcinoma has not been completely characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the expression profile and potential function of lncRNA in lung adenocarcinoma and in spinal metastasis (SM). A genome-wide microarray analysis was conducted on lung adenocarcinoma and SM tissue from ten Chinese patients. A total of 3,345 differentially expressed lncRNAs were detected. Of those, 761 lncRNAs were upregulated and 2,584 were downregulated (fold-change >2.0, p<0.05). These differentially expressed lncRNAs were not evenly distributed among the chromosomes of human genome. Volcano plots of these differentially expressed lncRNAs revealed large variability in lncRNAs expression among 12 patients, indicating that certain lncRNAs may play a positive role in SM of lung adenocarcinoma. Gene Ontology enrichment and pathway analysis identified several remarkably dysregulated biological pathways that affect cell adhesion and the interaction of cytokines and cytokine receptors. Co-expression network analysis showed that 9,458 lncRNAs had verified cis- and trans- target genes. All 2,317 cis targeted genes were confirmed to be differentially expressed and influenced by dysregulated lncRNAs in SM of lung adenocarcinoma. Top ten markedly dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs were verified from the co-expression network. In conclusion, this study was a genome-wide survey of dysregulated lncRNAs and corresponding mRNAs that comprise co-regulation networks for SM and lung adenocarcinoma tissues. These dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNA networks could be used as therapeutic gene targets to prevent SM of lung adenocarcinoma and to predictively evaluate treatment efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - P Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - A Hu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hu A, Narula N. A98 SURVEILLANCE COLONOSCOPIES IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS: DOES IT MAKE A DIFFERENCE? J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - N Narula
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu A, Lu YY, Bilmes J, Noble WS. Joint Precursor Elution Profile Inference via Regression for Peptide Detection in Data-Independent Acquisition Mass Spectra. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:86-94. [PMID: 30362768 PMCID: PMC6465123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In data independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry, precursor scans are interleaved with wide-window fragmentation scans, resulting in complex fragmentation spectra containing multiple coeluting peptide species. In this setting, detecting the isotope distribution profiles of intact peptides in the precursor scans can be a critical initial step in accurate peptide detection and quantification. This peak detection step is particularly challenging when the isotope peaks associated with two different peptide species overlap-or interfere-with one another. We propose a regression model, called Siren, to detect isotopic peaks in precursor DIA data that can explicitly account for interference. We validate Siren's peak-calling performance on a variety of data sets by counting how many of the peaks Siren identifies are associated with confidently detected peptides. In particular, we demonstrate that substituting the Siren regression model in place of the existing peak-calling step in DIA-Umpire leads to improved overall rates of peptide detection.
Collapse
|
26
|
Hu A, Zhang J, Chen XJ, Millner JP, Chang SH, Bowatte S, Hou FJ. The composition, richness, and evenness of seedlings from the soil seed bank of a semi-arid steppe in northern China are affected by long-term stocking rates of sheep and rainfall variation. Rangel J 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/rj18025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The soil seed bank has a large influence on the potential for grassland restoration. This study aimed to characterise the composition, density, richness, and evenness of seedlings emerging from the soil seed bank under different sheep stocking rates, in a summer grazing system, in semi-arid China. Soil was sampled in 2015, a year with extreme drought conditions and in 2016, a normal rainfall year. The soil seed bank was assessed by measuring seedling emergence under laboratory conditions. Comprising 16 species, 85.4% of the seedlings were concentrated within a depth of 0–5cm. Drought significantly reduced the density and richness of the seedlings. Grazing increased the richness of seedlings by increasing the richness of aboveground species, and grazing significantly reduced the evenness of the seedlings by reducing the evenness of aboveground species. Drought significantly reduced the similarities between the seedlings and the aboveground species, whereas grazing increased similarities in both years. This study revealed that the density and richness of seedlings were higher in higher stocking rate in drought year. We conclude that negative effects on density, richness and evenness of the seedlings caused by drought can be overcome by rotational grazing especially at higher stocking rate.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang T, Zhao YL, Tong Y, Jiao ZB, Wei J, Cai JX, Han XD, Chen D, Hu A, Kai JJ, Lu K, Liu Y, Liu CT. Multicomponent intermetallic nanoparticles and superb mechanical behaviors of complex alloys. Science 2018; 362:933-937. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aas8815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 600] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alloy design based on single–principal-element systems has approached its limit for performance enhancements. A substantial increase in strength up to gigapascal levels typically causes the premature failure of materials with reduced ductility. Here, we report a strategy to break this trade-off by controllably introducing high-density ductile multicomponent intermetallic nanoparticles (MCINPs) in complex alloy systems. Distinct from the intermetallic-induced embrittlement under conventional wisdom, such MCINP-strengthened alloys exhibit superior strengths of 1.5 gigapascals and ductility as high as 50% in tension at ambient temperature. The plastic instability, a major concern for high-strength materials, can be completely eliminated by generating a distinctive multistage work-hardening behavior, resulting from pronounced dislocation activities and deformation-induced microbands. This MCINP strategy offers a paradigm to develop next-generation materials for structural applications.
Collapse
|
28
|
O'Brien E, Shi C, Deng J, Diao C, Clarkson M, Shrivastava V, Adijian A, Hu A, Chiu M, Gwilym B, Hellmich A, Malozzi C, Batulan Z, Gertoffer W, Chen YX. HSP27 immunization attenuates atherogenesis by markedly reducing plasma PCSK9 and cholesterol levels. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
29
|
George J, Hu A, Patel K, Thakrar J, Al-Mukhtar A. Improving antibiotic compliance: The five-audit junior-led experience. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
30
|
Naraoka Y, Yamaguchi T, Hu A, Akimoto K, Kobayashi H. SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS UPREGULATE ADIPOKINE PRODUCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES-DERIVED HUMAN ADIPOCYTES. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar) 2018; 14:287-293. [PMID: 31149273 PMCID: PMC6525780 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a major regulatory role in adipocyte function and metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SCFAs on adiponectin and leptin expression in adipocytes, and also to determine whether the effects of SCFA treatment in visceral adipocytes obtained from healthy subjects are different relative to the effects in adipocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human pericardiac preadipocytes and human pericardiac preadipocytes type 2 diabetes were differentiated into adipocytes for 21 days in 48-well plates. After differentiation, two kinds of mature adipocytes, human pericardiac adipocytes (HPAd) and human pericardiac adipocytes-type 2 diabetes (HPAd-T2D) were incubated with or without 1 mM of acetic acid (AA), butyrate acid (BA), and propionic acid (PA). After 48 hours of incubation, intracellular lipid accumulation was measured using oil red staining. In addition, mRNA levels of adiponectin, leptin and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) were determined by Real-Time PCR system. RESULTS In HPAd, SCFA supplementation did not inhibit lipid accumulation. By contrast, both AA (p<0.01) and PA (p<0.01) significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in HPAd-T2D. Regarding mRNA levels of adiponectin, no significant changes were found in HPAd, while all three types of SCFAs significantly increased (p<0.05) adiponectin expression in HPAd-T2D. Leptin mRNA expression levels were significantly increased by treatment with all three types of SCFAs in both HPAd (p<0.05) and HPAd-T2D (p<0.05). CONCLUSION SCFAs inhibited lipid droplet accumulation and increased mRNA expression of adiponectin and leptin in T2D-derived adipocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Naraoka
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Hospital Administration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T. Yamaguchi
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A. Hu
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K. Akimoto
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Hospital Administration, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H. Kobayashi
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Hospital Administration, Tokyo, Japan
- Juntendo University, Graduate School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Kampo Medicine and Clinical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hu A, Yuan Y, Leontiadis G, Tse F. A330 PREVENTION OF POST-ERCP PANCREATITIS: DO PROTEASE INHIBITORS HAVE A ROLE? J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwy009.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Hu
- McMaster University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Y Yuan
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - F Tse
- McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Miao MZ, Wang B, Wu D, Zhang S, Wong S, Shi O, Hu A, Mao L, Fang B. Temporomandibular joint positional change accompanies post-surgical mandibular relapse-A long-term retrospective study among patients who underwent mandibular advancement. Orthod Craniofac Res 2017; 21:33-40. [DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Z. Miao
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences; UNC School of Dentistry; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - B. Wang
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - D. Wu
- Department of Biostatistics; School of Dentistry; Department of Periodontology; UNC School of Public Health; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - S. Zhang
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences; Center for Oral and Systemic Diseases; UNC School of Dentistry; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - S. Wong
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences; Department of Orthodontics; UNC School of Dentistry; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - O. Shi
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Public Health; Shanghai China
| | - A. Hu
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences; UNC School of Dentistry; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | - L. Mao
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| | - B. Fang
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery; Ninth People's Hospital; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sychev ZE, Hu A, DiMaio TA, Gitter A, Camp ND, Noble WS, Wolf-Yadlin A, Lagunoff M. Integrated systems biology analysis of KSHV latent infection reveals viral induction and reliance on peroxisome mediated lipid metabolism. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006256. [PMID: 28257516 PMCID: PMC5352148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi’s Sarcoma associated Herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic, human gamma-herpesvirus, is the etiological agent of Kaposi’s Sarcoma the most common tumor of AIDS patients world-wide. KSHV is predominantly latent in the main KS tumor cell, the spindle cell, a cell of endothelial origin. KSHV modulates numerous host cell-signaling pathways to activate endothelial cells including major metabolic pathways involved in lipid metabolism. To identify the underlying cellular mechanisms of KSHV alteration of host signaling and endothelial cell activation, we identified changes in the host proteome, phosphoproteome and transcriptome landscape following KSHV infection of endothelial cells. A Steiner forest algorithm was used to integrate the global data sets and, together with transcriptome based predicted transcription factor activity, cellular networks altered by latent KSHV were predicted. Several interesting pathways were identified, including peroxisome biogenesis. To validate the predictions, we showed that KSHV latent infection increases the number of peroxisomes per cell. Additionally, proteins involved in peroxisomal lipid metabolism of very long chain fatty acids, including ABCD3 and ACOX1, are required for the survival of latently infected cells. In summary, novel cellular pathways altered during herpesvirus latency that could not be predicted by a single systems biology platform, were identified by integrated proteomics and transcriptomics data analysis and when correlated with our metabolomics data revealed that peroxisome lipid metabolism is essential for KSHV latent infection of endothelial cells. Kaposi’s Sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi’s Sarcoma, the most common tumor of AIDS patients. KSHV modulates host cell signaling and metabolism to maintain a life-long latent infection. To unravel the underlying cellular mechanisms modulated by KSHV, we used multiple global systems biology platforms to identify and integrate changes in both cellular protein expression and transcription following KSHV infection of endothelial cells, the relevant cell type for KS tumors. The analysis identified several interesting pathways including peroxisome biogenesis. Peroxisomes are small cytoplasmic organelles involved in redox reactions and lipid metabolism. KSHV latent infection increases the number of peroxisomes per cell and proteins involved in peroxisomal lipid metabolism are required for the survival of latently infected cells. In summary, through integration of multiple global systems biology analyses we were able to identify novel pathways that could not be predicted by one platform alone and found that lipid metabolism in a small cytoplasmic organelle is necessary for the survival of latent infection with a herpesvirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoi E. Sychev
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alex Hu
- Department of Genome Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Terri A. DiMaio
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Anthony Gitter
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison and Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nathan D. Camp
- Department of Genome Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - William S. Noble
- Department of Genome Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alejandro Wolf-Yadlin
- Department of Genome Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ML); (AWY)
| | - Michael Lagunoff
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ML); (AWY)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang YY, Liu H, Hu A, Zou Y, Xing B, Yao Y, Wang RZ, Lian W. [The surgery of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas and the significance of thyroid stimulating hormone level in follow-up]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:3825-3828. [PMID: 28057099 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.47.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas and the effect of the transsphenoidal approach of procedure with/without drug treatment for thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas, and to investigate the correlation between the prognosis of thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas and the postoperative level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Methods: A total of 45 patients with thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma who hospitalized in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2015 were enrolled in the study.We collected the clinical features, hormone levels, imaging findings, treatment and follow-up data of these patients. Results: The average age of the patients was 40.26 years old and the average disease duration was 5.83 years.Among them, 8 cases were microadenomas and 37 cases were macroadenoma.Thirty patients were treated with somatostatin analogues before surgery.TSH level was significantly decreased after operation (P=0.012). All of them had done the pituitary surgery, including 44 transsphenoidal surgery and 1 subfrontal surgery that had recurrence one year after the transsphenoidal surgery.The TSH level of 34 cases went back to normal on the third day after surgery.The remission rates on three months and one year after surgery in patients with TSH level<0.1 mIU/L on postoperative day (POD) 3 were significantly higher than those in patients with TSH level>0.1 mIU/L on POD3.As well as the remission rates on three months and one year after surgery in patients with TSH level normal on postoperative one month were significantly higher than those in patients with TSH level abnormal on postoperative one month. Conclusions: TSH level of postoperative one month could be used to predict prognosis and monitor recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, China Academy of Medical Sciences & PUMC, Beijing 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu T, Liang Q, Hu A, Feng G, Wang N, Peng X, Baudouin C, Labbé A. Elimination of blinding trachoma in China. J Fr Ophtalmol 2016; 39:836-842. [PMID: 27865692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present the change in the prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma between 1987 and 2006 by secondary data analysis based on two China National Sample Surveys on Disability (CNSSD). METHODS Secondary data analysis was performed on two China National Sample Surveys on Disability (CNSSD), which were national representative household surveys conducted in 1987 and 2006. The prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma was estimated by 10-year age group. In addition, the proportion of various causes of blindness was evaluated. The geographical distribution of blindness caused by trachoma both in 1987 and 2006 was analyzed in order to visualize the hot spots of blinding trachoma in China. RESULTS The prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma in China decreased from 51.5/100,000 in 1987 to 17.6/100,000 in 2006. In addition, the proportion of blindness attributed to trachoma also decreased from 10.1% (1987) to 0.9% (2006). Moreover, the prevalence of blindness caused by trachoma was over 200/100,000 in 2.2% of sampled counties in 2006 as compared to 8.6% in 1987. The hot spots of blinding trachoma were shown to be limited to underdeveloped mountain areas in Hubei and Guizhou provinces. CONCLUSION Although blinding trachoma is no longer the leading cause of blindness in China since the 2000's, the prevalence of trachoma should still be monitored in some underdeveloped mountain areas. Therefore, health organization must continue to fight against blinding trachoma in underdeveloped areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Liu
- Department of epidemiology and biostatistics, school of public health, Capital medical university, No.10, Xitoutiao, 100069 You An Men, Beijing, China
| | - Q Liang
- Beijing institute of ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key laboratory of ophthalmology and visual sciences, 100005 Beijing, China
| | - A Hu
- Beijing institute of ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key laboratory of ophthalmology and visual sciences, 100005 Beijing, China
| | - G Feng
- Center of clinical epidemiology & evidence-based medicine, Beijing children's hospital, capital medical university, Beijing, China
| | - N Wang
- Beijing institute of ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key laboratory of ophthalmology and visual sciences, 100005 Beijing, China
| | - X Peng
- Department of epidemiology and biostatistics, school of public health, Capital medical university, No.10, Xitoutiao, 100069 You An Men, Beijing, China; Center of clinical epidemiology & evidence-based medicine, Beijing children's hospital, capital medical university, Beijing, China.
| | - C Baudouin
- Beijing institute of ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key laboratory of ophthalmology and visual sciences, 100005 Beijing, China; Quinze-Vingts national ophthalmology hospital, 75012 Paris, France; Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines university, 78000 Versailles, France; Inserm, U968, 75012 Paris, France; UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 968, institut de la vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR_7210, 75012 Paris, France
| | - A Labbé
- Beijing institute of ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key laboratory of ophthalmology and visual sciences, 100005 Beijing, China; Quinze-Vingts national ophthalmology hospital, 75012 Paris, France; Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines university, 78000 Versailles, France; Inserm, U968, 75012 Paris, France; UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR_S 968, institut de la vision, 75012 Paris, France; CNRS, UMR_7210, 75012 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Abstract
The ultimate aim of proteomics is to fully identify and quantify the entire complement of proteins and post-translational modifications in biological samples of interest. For the last 15 years, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode has been the standard for proteomics when sampling breadth and discovery were the main objectives; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) LC-MS/MS has been the standard for targeted proteomics when precise quantification, reproducibility, and validation were the main objectives. Recently, improvements in mass spectrometer design and bioinformatics algorithms have resulted in the rediscovery and development of another sampling method: data-independent acquisition (DIA). DIA comprehensively and repeatedly samples every peptide in a protein digest, producing a complex set of mass spectra that is difficult to interpret without external spectral libraries. Currently, DIA approaches the identification breadth of DDA while achieving the reproducible quantification characteristic of MRM or its newest version, parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). In comparative
de novo identification and quantification studies in human cell lysates, DIA identified up to 89% of the proteins detected in a comparable DDA experiment while providing reproducible quantification of over 85% of them. DIA analysis aided by spectral libraries derived from prior DIA experiments or auxiliary DDA data produces identification and quantification as reproducible and precise as that achieved by MRM/PRM, except on low‑abundance peptides that are obscured by stronger signals. DIA is still a work in progress toward the goal of sensitive, reproducible, and precise quantification without external spectral libraries. New software tools applied to DIA analysis have to deal with deconvolution of complex spectra as well as proper filtering of false positives and false negatives. However, the future outlook is positive, and various researchers are working on novel bioinformatics techniques to address these issues and increase the reproducibility, fidelity, and identification breadth of DIA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Hu
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - William S Noble
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gong ZX, Maghrebi MF, Hu A, Foss-Feig M, Richerme P, Monroe C, Gorshkov AV. Kaleidoscope of quantum phases in a long-range interacting spin-1 chain. Phys Rev B 2016; 93:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.205115. [PMID: 31276074 PMCID: PMC6604636 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.93.205115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Motivated directly by recent trapped-ion quantum simulation experiments, we carry out a comprehensive study of the phase diagram of a spin-1 chain with XXZ-type interactions that decay as 1/rα , using a combination of finite and infinite-size DMRG calculations, spin-wave analysis, and field theory. In the absence of long-range interactions, varying the spin-coupling anisotropy leads to four distinct and well-studied phases: a ferromagnetic Ising phase, a disordered XY phase, a topological Haldane phase, and an antiferromagnetic Ising phase. If long-range interactions are antiferromagnetic and thus frustrated, we find primarily a quantitative change of the phase boundaries. On the other hand, ferromagnetic (nonfrustrated) long-range interactions qualitatively impact the entire phase diagram. Importantly, for α ≲ 3 long-range interactions destroy the Haldane phase, break the conformal symmetry of the XY phase, give rise to a new phase that spontaneously breaks a U(1) continuous symmetry, and introduce a possibly exotic tricritical point with no direct parallel in short-range interacting spin chains. Importantly, we show that the main signatures of all five phases found could be observed experimentally in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z.-X. Gong
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science,
NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M. F. Maghrebi
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science,
NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A. Hu
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, American University, Washington, DC
20016, USA
| | - M. Foss-Feig
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science,
NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P. Richerme
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington,
Indiana, 47405, USA
| | - C. Monroe
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science,
NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A. V. Gorshkov
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland,
College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science,
NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gong ZX, Maghrebi MF, Hu A, Wall ML, Foss-Feig M, Gorshkov AV. Topological phases with long-range interactions. Phys Rev B 2016; 93:10.1103/PhysRevB.93.041102. [PMID: 31276075 PMCID: PMC6604642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.93.041102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Topological phases of matter are primarily studied in systems with short-range interactions. In nature, however, nonrelativistic quantum systems often exhibit long-range interactions. Under what conditions topological phases survive such interactions, and how they are modified when they do, is largely unknown. By studying the symmetry-protected topological phase of an antiferromagnetic spin-1 chain with 1/r α interactions, we show that two very different outcomes are possible, depending on whether or not the interactions are frustrated. While unfrustrated long-range interactions can destroy the topological phase for α ≲ 3, the topological phase survives frustrated interactions for all α > 0. Our conclusions are based on strikingly consistent results from large-scale matrix-product-state simulations and effective-field-theory calculations, and we expect them to hold for more general interacting spin systems. The models we study can be naturally realized in trapped-ion quantum simulators, opening the prospect for experimental investigation of the issues confronted here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z.-X. Gong
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M. F. Maghrebi
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A. Hu
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Department of Physics, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - M. L. Wall
- JILA, NIST/University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M. Foss-Feig
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A. V. Gorshkov
- Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
- Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang P, Guo Z, Zhong K, Li Q, Ouyang J, Chen M, Hu A, Jiao X, Zhu X, He X. Evaluation of Immune Profiles and MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Long-Term Stable Liver Transplant Recipients and Recipients With Acute Rejection Episodes. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:2907-15. [PMID: 26707312 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to document the difference of immunophenotypes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between long-term stable liver transplant recipients and recipients with acute rejection. We also sought to identify whether there is any correlation between microRNA (miRNA) expression profile and the differential immunoprofile in these 2 groups to establish a specific miRNA biomarker to identify potential liver transplant recipients. METHODS PBMCs were isolated from 53 stable liver transplant recipients (STA group) and 15 liver transplant recipients with repeated biopsy-proven rejection episodes admitted to our hospital. Immunoprofiles were analyzed by means of flow cytometry. Analysis of miRNA expression in the PBMCs was performed by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The immune profiling analysis showed increased frequency of peripheral natural killer cells and regulatory T cells in stable liver transplant recipients compared with the acute rejection recipients and healthy volunteers (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the immune cell levels (CD19(+) B cells, CD4(+) T cells, and CD8(+) T cells) in PBMCs among the transplant recipient groups and healthy control subjects. Three miRNAs, miR-18b, miR-340, and miR-106b, were up-regulated in the PBMCs of the STA recipients compared with recipients with acute rejection. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that miR-18b, miR-340, and miR-106b, which regulate the expression of specific immunophenotypes, can be used as potential biomarkers to identify long-term stable liver transplant recipients from recipients with acute rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Guo
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - K Zhong
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Li
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - J Ouyang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - M Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - A Hu
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - X Jiao
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - X He
- Organ Transplant Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Fucaloro AF, Burgess R, Chary P, Hu A, Kan E, Lakliang Y, Stewart R, Yoshino A. A Volumetric Study of Aqueous Primary Alcohols as Functions of Concentration and Temperature. J SOLUTION CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-015-0400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
42
|
Yuan M, Yang Y, Yu S, Hu A, Lu L, Ma J, Ding X, Li J. Posterior Pole Retinal Abnormalities in Mild Asymptomatic FEVR. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2014; 56:458-63. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-15821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
43
|
Zare H, Wang J, Hu A, Weber K, Smith J, Nickerson D, Song C, Witten D, Blau CA, Noble WS. Inferring clonal composition from multiple sections of a breast cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2014; 10:e1003703. [PMID: 25010360 PMCID: PMC4091710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers arise from successive rounds of mutation and selection, generating clonal populations that vary in size, mutational content and drug responsiveness. Ascertaining the clonal composition of a tumor is therefore important both for prognosis and therapy. Mutation counts and frequencies resulting from next-generation sequencing (NGS) potentially reflect a tumor's clonal composition; however, deconvolving NGS data to infer a tumor's clonal structure presents a major challenge. We propose a generative model for NGS data derived from multiple subsections of a single tumor, and we describe an expectation-maximization procedure for estimating the clonal genotypes and relative frequencies using this model. We demonstrate, via simulation, the validity of the approach, and then use our algorithm to assess the clonal composition of a primary breast cancer and associated metastatic lymph node. After dividing the tumor into subsections, we perform exome sequencing for each subsection to assess mutational content, followed by deep sequencing to precisely count normal and variant alleles within each subsection. By quantifying the frequencies of 17 somatic variants, we demonstrate that our algorithm predicts clonal relationships that are both phylogenetically and spatially plausible. Applying this method to larger numbers of tumors should cast light on the clonal evolution of cancers in space and time. Cancers arise from a series of mutations that occur over time. As a result, as a tumor grows each cell inherits a distinctive genotype, defined by the set of all somatic mutations that distinguish the tumor cell from normal cells. Acertaining these genotype patterns, and identifying which ones are associated with the growth of the cancer and its ability to metastasize, can potentially give clinicians insights into how to treat the cancer. In this work, we describe a method for inferring the predominant genotypes within a single tumor. The method requires that a tumor be sectioned and that each section be subjected to a high-throughput sequencing procedure. The resulting mutations and their associated frequencies within each tumor section are then used as input to a probabilistic model that infers the underlying genotypes and their relative frequencies within the tumor. We use simulated data to demonstrate the validity of the approach, and then we apply our algorithm to data from a primary breast cancer and associated metastatic lymph node. We demonstrate that our algorithm predicts genotypes that are consistent with an evolutionary model and with the physical topology of the tumor itself. Applying this method to larger numbers of tumors should cast light on the evolution of cancers in space and time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habil Zare
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Junfeng Wang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Alex Hu
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kris Weber
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Josh Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Debbie Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - ChaoZhong Song
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Daniela Witten
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DW); (CAB); (WSN)
| | - C. Anthony Blau
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DW); (CAB); (WSN)
| | - William Stafford Noble
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DW); (CAB); (WSN)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Blau CA, Zare H, Wang J, Song C, Hu A, Weber K, Smith J, Nickerson D, Witten D, Noble W. Inferring clonal composition from multiple sections of a breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.11077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. Anthony Blau
- Center for Cancer Innovation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | - Alex Hu
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Qi S, Hu A. WE-G-141-02: Impact of Imaging Quality On Interfraction Patient Setup Errors and Autocorrelation in Image Guided Head-And-Neck Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
46
|
|
47
|
Lian J, Song H, Liu R, Qi S, Hu A. SU-E-T-592: Comparison of Low Dose Volume and Integral Dose in Rotational Arc Radiation Therapy Modalities. Med Phys 2012; 39:3842. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
48
|
Qi S, Liu R, Lian J, Hu A, Song H. SU-E-T-574: Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Prostate Radiation: A Dosimetric Comparison between VMAT Techniques and Fixed-Beam IMRT. Med Phys 2012; 39:3837-3838. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
49
|
Prithviraj GK, Sommers SR, Jump RL, Halmos B, Chambless LB, Parker SL, Hassam-Malani L, McGirt MJ, Thompson RC, Chambless LB, Parker SL, Hassam-Malani L, McGirt MJ, Thompson RC, Hunter K, Chamberlain MC, Le EM, Lee ELT, Chamberlain MC, Sadighi ZS, Pearlman ML, Slopis JM, Vats TS, Khatua S, DeVito NC, Yu M, Chen R, Pan E, Cloughesy T, Raizer J, Drappatz J, Gerena-Lewis M, Rogerio J, Yacoub S, Desjardin A, Groves MD, DeGroot J, Loghin M, Conrad CA, Hess K, Ni J, Ictech S, Hunter K, Yung WA, Porter AB, Dueck AC, Karlin NJ, Chamberlain MC, Olson J, Silber J, Reiner AS, Panageas KS, Iwamoto FM, Cloughesy TF, Aldape KD, Rivera AL, Eichler AF, Louis DN, Paleologos NA, Fisher BJ, Ashby LS, Cairncross JG, Roldan GB, Wen PY, Ligon KL, Shiff D, Robins HI, Rocque BG, Chamberlain MC, Mason WP, Weaver SA, Green RM, Kamar FG, Abrey LE, DeAngelis LM, Jhanwar SC, Rosenblum MK, Lassman AB, Cachia D, Alderson L, Moser R, Smith T, Yunus S, Saito K, Mukasa A, Narita Y, Tabei Y, Shinoura N, Shibui S, Saito N, Flechl B, Ackerl M, Sax C, Dieckmann K, Crevenna R, Widhalm G, Preusser M, Marosi C, Marosi C, Ay C, Preusser M, Dunkler D, Widhalm G, Pabinger I, Dieckmann K, Zielinski C, Belongia M, Jogal S, Schlingensiepen KH, Bogdahn U, Stockhammer G, Mahapatra AK, Venkataramana NK, Oliushine V, Parfenov V, Poverennova I, Hau P, Jachimczak P, Heinrichs H, Mammoser AG, Shonka NA, de Groot JF, Shibahara I, Sonoda Y, Kumabe T, Saito R, Kanamori M, Yamashita Y, Watanabe M, Ishioka C, Tominaga T, Silvani A, Gaviani P, Lamperti E, Botturi A, DiMeco F, Broggi G, Fariselli L, Solero CL, Salmaggi A, Green RM, Woyshner EA, Cloughesy TF, Shu F, Oh YS, Iganej S, Singh G, Vemuri SL, Theeler BJ, Ellezam B, Gilbert MR, Aoki T, Kobayashi H, Takano S, Nishikawa R, Shinoura N, Nagane M, Narita Y, Muragaki Y, Sugiyama K, Kuratsu J, Matsutani M, Sadighi ZS, Khatua S, Langford LA, Puduvalli VK, Shen D, Chen ZP, Zhang JP, Chen ZP, Bedekar D, Rand S, Connelly J, Malkin M, Paulson E, Mueller W, Schmainda K, Gallego O, Benavides M, Segura PP, Balana C, Gil M, Berrocal A, Reynes G, Garcia JL, Murata P, Bague S, Quintana MJ, Vasishta VG, Nagane M, Kobayashi K, Tanaka M, Tsuchiya K, Shiokawa Y, Bavle AA, Ayyanar K, Puduvalli VK, Prado MP, Hess KR, Hunter K, Ictech S, Groves MD, Gilbert MR, Liu V, Conrad CA, de Groot J, Loghin ME, Colman H, Levin VA, Alfred Yung WK, Hackney JR, Palmer CA, Markert JM, Cure J, Riley KO, Fathallah-Shaykh H, Nabors LB, Saria MG, Corle C, Hu J, Rudnick J, Phuphanich S, Mrugala MM, Lee LK, Fu BD, Bota DA, Kim RY, Brown T, Feely H, Hu A, Drappatz J, Wen PY, Lee JW, Carter B, Kesari S, Fu BD, Kong XT, Bota DA, Fu BD, Bota DA, Sparagana S, Belousova E, Jozwiak S, Korf B, Frost M, Kuperman R, Kohrman M, Witt O, Wu J, Flamini R, Jansen A, Curtalolo P, Thiele E, Whittemore V, De Vries P, Ford J, Shah G, Cauwel H, Edrich P, Sahmoud T, Franz D, Khasraw M, Brown C, Ashley DM, Rosenthal MA, Jiang X, Mou YG, Chen ZP, Oh M, kim E, Chang J, Juratli TA, Kirsch M, Schackert G, Krex D, Gilbert MR, Wang M, Aldape KD, Stupp R, Hegi M, Jaeckle KA, Armstrong TS, Wefel JS, Won M, Blumenthal DT, Mahajan A, Schultz CJ, Erridge SC, Brown PD, Chakravarti A, Curran WJ, Mehta MP, Hofland KF, Hansen S, Sorensen M, Schultz H, Muhic A, Engelholm S, Ask A, Kristiansen C, Thomsen C, Poulsen HS, Lassen UN, Zalatimo O, Weston C, Zoccoli C, Glantz M, Rahmanuddin S, Shiroishi MS, Cen SY, Jones J, Chen T, Pagnini P, Go J, Lerner A, Gomez J, Law M, Ram Z, Wong ET, Gutin PH, Bobola MS, Alnoor M, Silbergeld DL, Rostomily RC, Chamberlain MC, Silber JR, Martha N, Jacqueline S, Thaddaus G, Daniel P, Hans M, Armin M, Eugen T, Gunther S, Hutterer M, Tseng HM, Zoccoli CM, Glantz M, Zalatimo O, Patel A, Rizzo K, Sheehan JM, Sumrall AL, Vredenburgh JJ, Desjardins A, Reardon DA, Friiedman HS, Peters KB, Taylor LP, Stewart M, Blondin NA, Baehring JM, Foote T, Laack N, Call J, Hamilton MG, Walling S, Eliasziw M, Easaw J, Shirsat NV, Kundar R, Gokhale A, Goel A, Moiyadi AA, Wang J, Mutlu E, Oyan A, Yan T, Tsinkalovsky O, Jacobsen HK, Talasila KM, Sleire L, Pettersen K, Miletic H, Andersen S, Mitra S, Weissman I, Li X, Kalland KH, Enger PO, Sepulveda J, Belda C, Balana C, Segura PP, Reynes G, Gil M, Gallego O, Berrocal A, Blumenthal DT, Sitt R, Phishniak L, Bokstein F, Philippe M, Carole C, Andre MDP, Marylin B, Olivier C, L'Houcine O, Dominique FB, Philippe M, Isabelle NM, Olivier C, Frederic F, Stephane F, Henry D, Marylin B, L'Houcine O, Dominique FB, Errico MA, Kunschner LJ, Errico MA, Kunschner LJ, Soffietti R, Trevisan E, Ruda R, Bertero L, Bosa C, Fabrini MG, Lolli I, Jalali R, Julka PK, Anand AK, Bhavsar D, Singhal N, Naik R, John S, Mathew BS, Thaipisuttikul I, Graber J, DeAngelis LM, Shirinian M, Fontebasso AM, Jacob K, Gerges N, Montpetit A, Nantel A, Albrecht S, Jabado N, Mammoser AG, Shah K, Conrad CA, Di K, Linskey M, Bota DA, Thon N, Eigenbrod S, Kreth S, Lutz J, Tonn JC, Kretzschmar H, Peraud A, Kreth FW, Muggeri AD, Alderuccio JP, Diez BD, Jiang P, Chao Y, Gallagher M, Kim R, Pastorino S, Fogal V, Kesari S, Rudnick JD, Bresee C, Rogatko A, Sakowsky S, Franco M, Hu J, Lim S, Lopez A, Yu L, Ryback K, Tsang V, Lill M, Steinberg A, Sheth R, Grimm S, Helenowski I, Rademaker A, Raizer J, Nunes FP, Merker V, Jennings D, Caruso P, Muzikansky A, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Plotkin S, Spalding AC, Vitaz TW, Sun DA, Parsons S, Welch MR, Omuro A, DeAngelis LM, Omuro A, Beal K, Correa D, Chan T, DeAngelis L, Gavrilovic I, Nolan C, Hormigo A, Lassman AB, Kaley T, Mellinghoff I, Grommes C, Panageas K, Reiner A, Barradas R, Abrey L, Gutin P, Lee SY, Slagle-Webb B, Glantz MJ, Sheehan JM, Connor JR, Schlimper CA, Schlag H, Stoffels G, Weber F, Krueger DA, Care MM, Holland K, Agricola K, Tudor C, Byars A, Sahmoud T, Franz DN, Raizer J, Rice L, Rademaker A, Chandler J, Levy R, Muro K, Grimm S, Nayak L, Iwamoto FM, Rudnick JD, Norden AD, Omuro A, Kaley TJ, Thomas AA, Fadul CE, Meyer LP, Lallana EC, Colman H, Gilbert M, Alfred Yung WK, Aldape K, De Groot J, Conrad C, Levin V, Groves M, Loghin M, Chris P, Puduvalli V, Nagpal S, Feroze A, Recht L, Rangarajan HG, Kieran MW, Scott RM, Lew SM, Firat SY, Segura AD, Jogal SA, Kumthekar PU, Grimm SA, Avram M, Patel J, Kaklamani V, McCarthy K, Cianfrocca M, Gradishar W, Mulcahy M, Von Roenn J, Helenowski I, Rademaker A, Raizer J, Galanis E, Anderson SK, Lafky JM, Kaufmann TJ, Uhm JH, Giannini C, Kumar SK, Northfelt DW, Flynn PJ, Jaeckle KA, Buckner JC, Omar AI, Panageas KS, Iwamoto FM, Cloughesy TF, Aldape KD, Rivera AL, Eichler AF, Louis DN, Paleologos NA, Fisher BJ, Ashby LS, Cairncross JG, Roldan GB, Wen PY, Ligon KL, Schiff D, Robins HI, Rocque BG, Chamberlain MC, Mason WP, Weaver SA, Green RM, Kamar FG, Abrey LE, DeAngelis LM, Jhanwar SC, Rosenblum MK, Lassman AB, Delios A, Jakubowski A, DeAngelis L, Grommes C, Lassman AB, Theeler BJ, Melguizo-Gavilanes I, Shonka NA, Qiao W, Wang X, Mahajan A, Puduvalli V, Hashemi-Sadraei N, Bawa H, Rahmathulla G, Patel M, Elson P, Stevens G, Peereboom D, Vogelbaum M, Weil R, Barnett G, Ahluwalia MS, Alvord EC, Rockne RC, Rockhill JK, Mrugala MM, Rostomily R, Lai A, Cloughesy T, Wardlaw J, Spence AM, Swanson KR, Zadeh G, Alahmadi H, Wilson J, Gentili F, Lassman AB, Wang M, Gilbert MR, Aldape KD, Beumer JJ, Wright J, Takebe N, Puduvalli VK, Hormigo A, Gaur R, Werner-Wasik M, Mehta MP, Gupta AJ, Campos-Gines A, Le K, Arango C, Richards M, Landeros M, Juan H, Chang JH, Kim JS, Cho JH, Seo CO, Baldock AL, Rockne R, Canoll P, Born D, Yagle K, Swanson KR, Alexandru D, Bota D, Linskey ME, Nabeel S, Raval SN, Raizer J, Grimm S, Rice L, Rosenow J, Levy R, Bredel M, Chandler J, New PZ, Plotkin SR, Supko JG, Curry WT, Chi AS, Gerstner ER, Stemmer-Rachamimov A, Batchelor TT, Ahluwalia MS, Hashemi N, Rahmathulla G, Patel M, Chao ST, Peereboom D, Weil RJ, Suh JH, Vogelbaum MA, Stevens GH, Barnett GH, Corwin D, Holdsworth C, Stewart R, Rockne R, Swanson K, Graber JJ, Kaley T, Rockne RC, Anderson AR, Swanson KR, Jeyapalan S, Goldman M, Boxerman J, Donahue J, Elinzano H, Evans D, O'Connor B, Puthawala MY, Oyelese A, Cielo D, Blitstein M, Dargush M, Santaniello A, Constantinou M, DiPetrillo T, Safran H, Plotkin SR, Halpin C, Merker V, Barker FG, Maher EA, Ganji S, DeBerardinis R, Hatanpaa K, Rakheja D, Yang XL, Mashimo T, Raisanen J, Madden C, Mickey B, Malloy C, Bachoo R, Choi C, Ranjan T, Yono N, Zalatimo O, Zoccoli C, Glantz M, Han SJ, Sun M, Berger MS, Aghi M, Gupta N, Parsa AT. MEDICAL AND NEURO-ONCOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
50
|
Yu S, Fu B, He X, Peng X, Hu A, Ma Y. Antigen-specific T-regulatory cells can extend skin graft survival time in mice. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:2033-40. [PMID: 21693321 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of donor antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regulatory cells (Tregs) on skin allografts in mice. An allogeneic skin transplant model was established using donor C57BL/6 or DBA and recipient BALB/c mice. Recipients were divided into 4 groups: control group without intervention (CON; C57BL/6 to BALB/c), rapamycin gavage group (RAP; C57BL/6 to BALB/c), CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs-treated group (TRE; C57BL/6 to BALB/c), in which recipients received transfusions of CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs stimulated with C57BL/6-derived immature dendritic cells, and the third-party donor group (DBA; DBA to BALB/c) in which recipients received transfusions of BALB/c CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs stimulated with C57BL/6-derived immature dendritic cells. Mean (SD) survival time of the skin allografts in the TRE group was 17.0 (3.4) days, significantly longer than in the other groups: CON, 6.9 (1.9) days; RAP, 10.3 (3.0) days; and DBA, 10.8 (3.6) days. The TRE group demonstrated a significantly greater expression of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin (IL)-10. Donor antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs effectively extend skin allograft survival in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, First People's Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|