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Chen L, Khan A, Dai S, Bermak A, Li W. Metallic Micro-Nano Network-Based Soft Transparent Electrodes: Materials, Processes, and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302858. [PMID: 37890452 PMCID: PMC10724424 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Soft transparent electrodes (TEs) have received tremendous interest from academia and industry due to the rapid development of lightweight, transparent soft electronics. Metallic micro-nano networks (MMNNs) are a class of promising soft TEs that exhibit excellent optical and electrical properties, including low sheet resistance and high optical transmittance, as well as superior mechanical properties such as softness, robustness, and desirable stability. They are genuinely interesting alternatives to conventional conductive metal oxides, which are expensive to fabricate and have limited flexibility on soft surfaces. This review summarizes state-of-the-art research developments in MMNN-based soft TEs in terms of performance specifications, fabrication methods, and application areas. The review describes the implementation of MMNN-based soft TEs in optoelectronics, bioelectronics, tactile sensors, energy storage devices, and other applications. Finally, it presents a perspective on the technical difficulties and potential future possibilities for MMNN-based TE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Chen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong00000China
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland
| | - Arshad Khan
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong00000China
- Division of Information and Computing TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityDoha34110Qatar
| | - Shuqin Dai
- Department School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore
| | - Amine Bermak
- Division of Information and Computing TechnologyCollege of Science and EngineeringHamad Bin Khalifa UniversityDoha34110Qatar
| | - Wen‐Di Li
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong00000China
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2
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Noh J, Kim D. Laser shock pressing of silver nanowires on flexible substrates to fabricate highly uniform transparent conductive electrode films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:155303. [PMID: 33401260 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abd8ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Large surface roughness, wire-to-wire junction resistance, and poor adhesion strength of percolated silver nanowire films on polymer substrates are critical issues responsible for low shunt resistance, electron concentration, and thermal damage, resulting in the occurrence of dark spots and damage to flexible electronic devices. Therefore, the fabrication of transparent conductive electrode (TCE) thin films with high surface smoothness and enhanced film properties without the aforementioned problems is essential. Herein, we propose an innovative method to mechanically join silver nanowires on heat-sensitive polymer substrates using a laser-induced shock pressure wave generated by laser ablation of a sacrificial layer. The physical joining mechanism and film properties, that is, sheet resistance, transmittance, adhesion strength, and flexibility, were experimentally analyzed. When a high laser shock pressure was applied to the silver nanowires, plastic deformation occurred; thus, a sintered network film was fabricated through solid-state atomic diffusion at the nanowire junctions. Under optimal process conditions, the sintered films showed high resistance to the adhesion tape test (R/R 0 = 1.15), a significantly reduced surface roughness less than 6 nm, and comparable electrical conductivity (8 ± 2 [Formula: see text]) and visible transmittance (84% ± 3%) to typical joining methods. Consequently, this work demonstrates that the laser-induced shock pressing technique has strong potential for the production of TCE metal films on heat-sensitive flexible substrates with film properties superior to those of films produced by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Noh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsik Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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Xu W, Zhong L, Xu F, Song W, Wang J, Zhu J, Chou S. Ultraflexible Transparent Bio-Based Polymer Conductive Films Based on Ag Nanowires. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805094. [PMID: 31012239 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The unstable mechanical properties of flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs) make it difficult for them to meet the requirements for displays or wearable devices. Here, the relationship between the mechanism behind the bending behavior and the electrical properties, which is important for improving the mechanical stability of flexible TCFs, is explored. Flexible TCFs are reported based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) and bio-based poly(ethylene-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)s (PECFs), with a low sheet resistance (23.8 Ω sq-1 at 84.6% transmittance) and superior mechanical properties. The electrical properties of the AgNW/PECFs composite film show almost no change after bending for 2000 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Lu Zhong
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Weijie Song
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Jinggang Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - ShuLei Chou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
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Lah NAC, Trigueros S. Synthesis and modelling of the mechanical properties of Ag, Au and Cu nanowires. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:225-261. [PMID: 30956731 PMCID: PMC6442207 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2019.1585145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The recent interest to nanotechnology aims not only at device miniaturisation, but also at understanding the effects of quantised structure in materials of reduced dimensions, which exhibit different properties from their bulk counterparts. In particular, quantised metal nanowires made of silver, gold or copper have attracted much attention owing to their unique intrinsic and extrinsic length-dependent mechanical properties. Here we review the current state of art and developments in these nanowires from synthesis to mechanical properties, which make them leading contenders for next-generation nanoelectromechanical systems. We also present theories of interatomic interaction in metallic nanowires, as well as challenges in their synthesis and simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Akmal Che Lah
- Innovative Manufacturing, Mechatronics and Sports Lab (iMAMS), Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia
- CONTACT Nurul Akmal Che Lah
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Tseng JY, Lee L, Huang YC, Chang JH, Su TY, Shih YC, Lin HW, Chueh YL. Pressure Welding of Silver Nanowires Networks at Room Temperature as Transparent Electrodes for Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800541. [PMID: 30133161 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this work, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as a superior mediate for the pressure welding of silver nanowires (Ag NWs) networks as transparent electrodes without any thermal treatment is demonstrated. After a pressing of 200 kg cm-2 , not only the sheet resistance but also the surface roughness of the PMMA-mediated Ag NWs networks decreases from 2.6 kΩ sq-1 to 34.3 Ω sq-1 and from 76.1 to 12.6 nm, respectively. On the other hand, high transparency of an average transmittance in the visible wavelengths of 93.5% together with a low haze value of 2.58% can be achieved. In terms of optoelectronic applications, the promising potential of the PMMA-mediated pressure-welded Ag NWs networks used as a transparent electrode in a green organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device is also demonstrated. In comparison with the OLED based on commercial tin-doped indium oxide electrode, the increments of power efficiency and external quantum efficiency (EQE) from 80.1 to 85.9 lm w-1 and 19.2% to 19.9% are demonstrated. In addition, the PMMA-mediated pressure welding succeeds in transferring Ag NWs networks to flexible polyethylene naphthalate and polyimide substrates with the sheet resistance of 42 and 91 Ω sq-1 after 10 000 times of bending, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Yi Tseng
- Graduate School of Materials Science, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, 64002, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ling Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chen Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jung-Hao Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Teng-Yu Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chuan Shih
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lun Chueh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Xie H, Yang X, Du D, Zhao Y, Wang Y. Flexible Transparent Conductive Film Based on Random Networks of Silver Nanowires. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E295. [PMID: 30424228 PMCID: PMC6187231 DOI: 10.3390/mi9060295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized silver nanowires (AgNWs) with a mean diameter of about 120 nm and 20⁻70 μm in length using a polyol process. The flexible transparent conductive AgNWs films were prepared using the vacuum filtration-transferring process, in which random AgNWs networks were transferred to a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate after being deposited on mixed cellulose esters (MCEs). Furthermore, the photoelectric and mechanical properties of the AgNWs films were studied. The scanning electron microscopy images show that the AgNWs randomly, uniformly distribute on the surface of the PET substrate, which indicates that the AgNWs structure was preserved well after the transfer process. The film with 81% transmittance at 550 nm and sheet resistance about 130 Ω·sq-1 can be obtained. It is sufficient to be used as a flexible transparent conductive film. However, the results of the bending test and tape test show that the adhesion of AgNWs and PET substrate is poor, because the sheet resistance of film increases during the bending test and tape test. The 0.06 W LED lamp with a series fixed on the surface of the AgNWs-PET electrode with conductive adhesive was luminous, and it was still luminous after bent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China.
| | - Xing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Microelectronics and Solid-State Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Dexi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Microelectronics and Solid-State Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Yuzhen Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute, Zhongshan 528402, China.
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7
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Lu H, Ren X, Ouyang D, Choy WCH. Emerging Novel Metal Electrodes for Photovoltaic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1703140. [PMID: 29356408 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201703140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging novel metal electrodes not only serve as the collector of free charge carriers, but also function as light trapping designs in photovoltaics. As a potential alternative to commercial indium tin oxide, transparent electrodes composed of metal nanowire, metal mesh, and ultrathin metal film are intensively investigated and developed for achieving high optical transmittance and electrical conductivity. Moreover, light trapping designs via patterning of the back thick metal electrode into different nanostructures, which can deliver a considerable efficiency improvement of photovoltaic devices, contribute by the plasmon-enhanced light-mattering interactions. Therefore, here the recent works of metal-based transparent electrodes and patterned back electrodes in photovoltaics are reviewed, which may push the future development of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Lu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xingang Ren
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Dan Ouyang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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Lei T, Dong H, Xi J, Niu Y, Xu J, Yuan F, Jiao B, Zhang W, Hou X, Wu Z. Highly-efficient and low-temperature perovskite solar cells by employing a Bi-hole transport layer consisting of vanadium oxide and copper phthalocyanine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6177-6180. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03672a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this article, an inorganic–organic bilayer hole transport layer (B-HTL) is designed and utilized in planar perovskite solar cells.
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9
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Large MJ, Ogilvie SP, Alomairy S, Vöckerodt T, Myles D, Cann M, Chan H, Jurewicz I, King AAK, Dalton AB. Selective Mechanical Transfer Deposition of Langmuir Graphene Films for High-Performance Silver Nanowire Hybrid Electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12038-12045. [PMID: 28961004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present silver nanowire hybrid electrodes prepared through the addition of small quantities of pristine graphene by mechanical transfer deposition from surface-assembled Langmuir films. This technique is a fast, efficient, and facile method for modifying the optoelectronic performance of AgNW films. We demonstrate that it is possible to use this technique to perform two-step device production by selective patterning of the stamp used, leading to controlled variation in the local sheet resistance across a device. This is particularly attractive for producing extremely low cost sensors on arbitrarily large scales. Our aim is to address some of the concerns surrounding the use of AgNW films as replacements for indium tin oxide (ITO), namely, the use of scarce materials and poor stability of AgNWs against flexural and environmental degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Large
- University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
| | - Sean P Ogilvie
- University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
| | - Sultan Alomairy
- Taif University , Taif 26571, Saudi Arabia
- University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Myles
- M-Solv Ltd, Oxonian Park, Kidlington, Oxfordshire OX5 1FP, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Cann
- M-Solv Ltd, Oxonian Park, Kidlington, Oxfordshire OX5 1FP, United Kingdom
| | - Helios Chan
- M-Solv Ltd, Oxonian Park, Kidlington, Oxfordshire OX5 1FP, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alice A K King
- University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
| | - Alan B Dalton
- University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
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10
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Xu H, Zhu Q, Lv Y, Deng K, Deng Y, Li Q, Qi S, Chen W, Zhang H. Flexible and Highly Photosensitive Electrolyte-Gated Organic Transistors with Ionogel/Silver Nanowire Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:18134-18141. [PMID: 28488860 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and low-voltage photosensors with high near-infrared (NIR) sensitivity are critical for realization of interacting humans with robots and environments by thermal imaging or night vision techniques. In this work, we for the first time develop an easy and cost-effective process to fabricate flexible and ultrathin electrolyte-gated organic phototransistors (EGOPTs) with high transparent nanocomposite membranes of high-conductivity silver nanowire (AgNW) networks and large-capacitance iontronic films. A high responsivity of 1.5 × 103 A·W1-, high sensitivity of 7.5 × 105, and 3 dB bandwidth of ∼100 Hz can be achieved at very low operational voltages. Experimental studies in temporal photoresponse characteristics reveal the device has a shorter photoresponse time at lower light intensity since strong interactions between photoexcited hole carriers and anions induce extra long-lived trap states. The devices, benefiting from fast and air-stable operations, provide the possibility of the organic photosensors for constructing cost-effective and smart optoelectronic systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Xu
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - QingQing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Kan Deng
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yinghua Deng
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qiaoliang Li
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Suwen Qi
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huisheng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Engineering, School of Medicine, ‡Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, and §National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060, China
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Jo W, Kang HS, Choi J, Lee H, Kim HT. Plasticized Polymer Interlayer for Low-Temperature Fabrication of a High-Quality Silver Nanowire-Based Flexible Transparent and Conductive Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:15114-15121. [PMID: 28374579 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are one of the most promising materials to replace commercially available indium tin oxide in flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs); however, there are still numerous problems originating from poor AgNW junction formation and improper AgNW embedment into transparent substrates. To mitigate these problems, high-temperature processes have been adopted; however, unwanted substrate deformation prevents the use of these processes for the formation of flexible TCFs. In this work, we present a novel poly(methyl methacrylate) interlayer plasticized by dibutyl phthalate for low-temperature fabrication of AgNW-based TCFs, which does not cause any substrate deformation. By exploiting the viscoelastic properties of the plasticized interlayer near the lowered glass-transition temperature, a monolithic junction of AgNWs on the interlayer and embedment of the interconnected AgNWs into the interlayer are achieved in a single-step pressing. The resulting AgNW-TCFs are highly transparent (∼92% at a wavelength of 550 nm), highly conductive (<90 Ω/sq), and environmentally and mechanically robust. Therefore, the plasticized interlayer provides a simple and effective route to fabricate high-quality AgNW-based TCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhee Jo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
| | - Hong Suk Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
| | - Jaeho Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
| | - Hongkyung Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
| | - Hee-Tak Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
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12
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Hwang G, Balci S, Güngördü MZ, Maleski A, Waters J, Lee S, Choi S, Kim K, Cho S, Kim SM. Flexibility and non-destructive conductivity measurements of Ag nanowire based transparent conductive films via terahertz time domain spectroscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 25:4500-4508. [PMID: 28241652 DOI: 10.1364/oe.25.004500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Highly stable and flexible transparent electrodes are fabricated based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) on both polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) and polyimide (PI) substrates. Terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was utilized to probe AgNW films while bended with a radius 5 mm to discover conductivity of bended films which was further analyzed through Drude-Smith model. AgNW films experience little degradation in conductivity (<3%) before, after, and during 1000 bending cycles. Highly stable AgNW flexible electrodes have broad applications in flexible optoelectronic and electronic devices. THz-TDS is an effective technique to investigate the electrical properties of the bended and flattened conducting films in a nondestructive manner.
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Yu Y, Shen W, Li F, Fang X, Duan H, Xu F, Xiong Y, Xu W, Song W. Solution-processed multifunctional transparent conductive films based on long silver nanowires/polyimide structure with highly thermostable and antibacterial properties. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04569g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The optical, electrical, thermal and antibacterial properties of AgNW/PI composite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Wenfeng Shen
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Fan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Xingzhong Fang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Hong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Feng Xu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology
- Nanchang University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Wei Xu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
| | - Weijie Song
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ningbo
- China
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14
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Yi P, Zhang C, Peng L, Lai X. Flexible silver-mesh electrodes with moth-eye nanostructures for transmittance enhancement by double-sided roll-to-roll nanoimprint lithography. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09149d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A double-sided R2R NIL system is established and the novel Ag-mesh electrodes with moth-eye nanostructures have been fabricated. An increase of 4.5% in transmittance has been achieved while remaining the sheet resistance at 22.8 ± 1.3 Ω sq−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyun Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Chengpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Linfa Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
| | - Xinmin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures
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15
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Totally embedded hybrid thin films of carbon nanotubes and silver nanowires as flat homogenous flexible transparent conductors. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38453. [PMID: 27929125 PMCID: PMC5144093 DOI: 10.1038/srep38453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a great need for viable alternatives to today’s transparent conductive film using largely indium tin oxide. We report the fabrication of a new type of flexible transparent conductive film using silver nanowires (AgNW) and single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks which are fully embedded in a UV curable resin substrate. The hybrid SWCNTs-AgNWs film is relatively flat so that the RMS roughness of the top surface of the film is 3 nm. Addition of SWCNTs networks make the film resistance uniform; without SWCNTs, sheet resistance of the surface composed of just AgNWs in resin varies from 20 Ω/sq to 107 Ω/sq. With addition of SWCNTs embedded in the resin, sheet resistance of the hybrid film is 29 ± 5 Ω/sq and uniform across the 47 mm diameter film discs; further, the optimized film has 85% transparency. Our lamination-transfer UV process doesn’t need solvent for sacrificial substrate removal and leads to good mechanical interlocking of the nano-material networks. Additionally, electrochemical study of the film for supercapacitors application showed an impressive 10 times higher current in cyclic voltammograms compared to the control without SWCNTs. Our fabrication method is simple, cost effective and enables the large-scale fabrication of flat and flexible transparent conductive films.
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16
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Dong H, Wu Z, Jiang Y, Liu W, Li X, Jiao B, Abbas W, Hou X. A Flexible and Thin Graphene/Silver Nanowires/Polymer Hybrid Transparent Electrode for Optoelectronic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:31212-31221. [PMID: 27790912 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A typical thin and fully flexible hybrid electrode was developed by integrating the encapsulation of silver nanowires (AgNWs) network between a monolayer graphene and polymer film as a sandwich structure. Compared with the reported flexible electrodes based on PET or PEN substrate, this unique electrode exhibits the superior optoelectronic characteristics (sheet resistance of 8.06 Ω/□ at 88.3% light transmittance). Meanwhile, the specific up-to-bottom fabrication process could achieve the superflat surface (RMS = 2.58 nm), superthin thickness (∼8 μm thickness), high mechanical robustness, and lightweight. In addition, the strong corrosion resistance and stability for the hybrid electrode were proved. With these advantages, we employ this electrode to fabricate the simple flexible organic light-emitting device (OLED) and perovskite solar cell device (PSC), which exhibit the considerable performance (best PCE of OLED = 2.11 cd/A2; best PCE of PSC = 10.419%). All the characteristics of the unique hybrid electrode demonstrate its potential as a high-performance transparent electrode candidate for flexible optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Dong
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yaqiu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Liu
- Departmen of Microelectronics, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Departmen of Microelectronics, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Waseem Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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17
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Yu L, Shearer C, Shapter J. Recent Development of Carbon Nanotube Transparent Conductive Films. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13413-13453. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LePing Yu
- Centre for Nanoscale Science
and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia 5042
| | - Cameron Shearer
- Centre for Nanoscale Science
and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia 5042
| | - Joseph Shapter
- Centre for Nanoscale Science
and Technology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia 5042
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18
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Miao J, Liu H, Li W, Zhang X. Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine-Functionalized Graphene as a Conductive Adhesion Promoter and Protective Layer for Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5365-72. [PMID: 27142815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
For the scalable fabrication of transparent electrodes and optoelectronic devices, excellent adhesion between the conductive films and the substrates is essential. In this work, a novel mussel-inspired polydopamine-functionalized graphene/silver nanowire hybrid nanomaterial for transparent electrodes was fabricated in a facile manner. Graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized and reduced by polydopamine while remaining stable in water without precipitation. It is shown that the polydopamine-functionalized GO (PFGO) film adhered to the substrate much more easily and more uniformly than the GO film. The PFGO film had a sheet resistance of ∼3.46 × 10(8) Ω/sq and a transparency of 78.2%, with excellent thermal and chemical stability; these characteristics are appropriate for antistatic coatings. Further reduced PFGO (RPFGO) as a conductive adhesion promoter and protective layer for the Ag nanowire (AgNW) significantly enhanced the adhesion force between AgNW networks and the substrate. The RPFGO-AgNW electrode was found to have a sheet resistance of 63 Ω/sq and a transparency of 70.5%. Moreover, the long-term stability of the RPFGO-AgNW electrode was greatly enhanced via the effective protection of the AgNW by RPFGO. These solution-processed antistatic coatings and electrodes have tremendous potential in the applications of optoelectronic devices as a result of their low production cost and facile processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Haihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xingxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University , Tianjin 300387, China
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19
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Kim HS, Patel M, Park HH, Ray A, Jeong C, Kim J. Thermally Stable Silver Nanowires-Embedding Metal Oxide for Schottky Junction Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:8662-8669. [PMID: 26971560 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermally stable silver nanowires (AgNWs)-embedding metal oxide was applied for Schottky junction solar cells without an intentional doping process in Si. A large scale (100 mm(2)) Schottky solar cell showed a power conversion efficiency of 6.1% under standard illumination, and 8.3% under diffused illumination conditions which is the highest efficiency for AgNWs-involved Schottky junction Si solar cells. Indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-capped AgNWs showed excellent thermal stability with no deformation at 500 °C. The top ITO layer grew in a cylindrical shape along the AgNWs, forming a teardrop shape. The design of ITO/AgNWs/ITO layers is optically beneficial because the AgNWs generate plasmonic photons, due to the AgNWs. Electrical investigations were performed by Mott-Schottky and impedance spectroscopy to reveal the formation of a single space charge region at the interface between Si and AgNWs-embedding ITO layer. We propose a route to design the thermally stable AgNWs for photoelectric device applications with investigation of the optical and electrical aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Sik Kim
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL) and Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University , 119 Academy Road Yeonsu, Incheon 406772, Republic of Korea
| | - Malkeshkumar Patel
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL) and Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University , 119 Academy Road Yeonsu, Incheon 406772, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Ho Park
- Applied Device and Material Lab., Device Technology Division, Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC) , Suwon 443270, Republic of Korea
| | - Abhijit Ray
- Solar Research and Development Center, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University , Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Chaehwan Jeong
- Applied Optics and Energy Research Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology , Gwangju 500480, Republic of Korea
| | - Joondong Kim
- Photoelectric and Energy Device Application Lab (PEDAL) and Department of Electrical Engineering, Incheon National University , 119 Academy Road Yeonsu, Incheon 406772, Republic of Korea
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20
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Pan Z, Wang T, Sun S, Zhao B. Durable Microstructured Surfaces: Combining Electrical Conductivity with Superoleophobicity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:1795-1804. [PMID: 26714207 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electrically conductive and superoleophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been fabricated through embedding Ag flakes (SFs) and Ag nanowires (SNWs) into microstructures of the trichloroperfluorooctylsilane (FDTS)-blended PDMS elastomer. Microstructured PDMS surfaces became conductive at the percolation surface coverage of 3.0 × 10(-2) mg/mm(2) for SFs; the highest conductivity was 1.12 × 10(5) S/m at the SFs surface coverage of 6.0 × 10(-2) mg/mm(2). A significant improvement of the conductivity (increased 3 times at the SNWs fraction of 11%) was achieved by using SNWs to replace some SFs because of the conductive pathways from the formed SNWs networks and its connections with SFs. These conductive fillers bonded strongly with microstructured FDTS-blended PDMS and retained surface properties under the sliding preload of 8.0 N. Stretching tests indicated that the resistance increased with the increasing strains and returned to its original state when the strain was released, showing highly stretchable and reversible electrical properties. Compared with SFs embedded surfaces, the resistances of SFs/SNWs embedded surfaces were less dependent on the strain because of bridging effect of SNWs. The superoleophobicity was achieved by the synergetic effect of surface modification through blending FDTS and the microstructures transferred from sand papers. The research findings demonstrate a simple approach to make the insulating elastomer to have the desired surface oleophobicity and electrical conductivity and help meet the needs for the development of conductive devices with microstructures and multifunctional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Pan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Tianchang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
| | - Shaofan Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Boxin Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario N2L3G1, Canada
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21
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Woo JS, Kim BK, Kim HY, Lee GW, Park SY, Han JT. Carbon nanotube-induced migration of silver nanowire networks into plastic substrates via Joule heating for high stability. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrothermal and mechanical stability of transparent conducting films is a prerequisite for commercial applications in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Seok Woo
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
- Major in Polymer Science and Engineering
| | - Byung Kuk Kim
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Young Kim
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Woong Lee
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Park
- Major in Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Applied Chemical Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu
- Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Tark Han
- Nano Hybrid Technology Research Center
- Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute
- Changwon
- Republic of Korea
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22
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Mallikarjuna K, Hwang HJ, Chung WH, Kim HS. Photonic welding of ultra-long copper nanowire network for flexible transparent electrodes using white flash light sintering. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25548a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A schematic representation of the white flash light welding process of a percolated Cu NW network electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Mallikarjuna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- South Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology
| | - Hyun-Jun Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- South Korea
| | - Wan-Ho Chung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- South Korea
| | - Hak-Sung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 133-791
- South Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology
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23
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Wu C, Jiu J, Araki T, Koga H, Sekitani T, Wang H, Suganuma K. Rapid self-assembly of ultrathin graphene oxide film and application to silver nanowire flexible transparent electrodes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24896e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A self-assembled ultrathin graphene oxide film was rapidly prepared within only 3 minutes to improve silver nanowire electrode performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Wu
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Osaka University
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Jinting Jiu
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Osaka University
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Teppei Araki
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Osaka University
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Hirotaka Koga
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Osaka University
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekitani
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Osaka University
- Ibaraki
- Japan
| | - Hao Wang
- The College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing University of Technology
- Beijing 100124
- P. R. China
| | - Katsuaki Suganuma
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research
- Osaka University
- Ibaraki
- Japan
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24
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Zhou C, Dun C, Wang Q, Wang K, Shi Z, Carroll DL, Liu G, Qiao G. Nanowires as Building Blocks to Fabricate Flexible Thermoelectric Fabric: The Case of Copper Telluride Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:21015-21020. [PMID: 26376703 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A general approach to fabricate nanowires based inorganic/organic composite flexible thermoelectric fabric using a simple and efficacious five-step vacuum filtration process is proposed. As an excellent example, the performance of freestanding flexible thermoelectric thin film using copper telluride nanowires/polyvinylidene fluoride (Cu1.75Te NWs/PVDF = 2:1) as building block is demonstrated. By burying the Cu1.75Te NWs into the PVDF polymer agent, the flexible fabric exhibits room-temperature Seebeck coefficient and electric conductivity of 9.6 μV/K and 2490 S/cm, respectively, resulting in a power factor of 23 μW/(mK(2)) that is comparable to the bulk counterpart. Furthermore, this NW-based flexible fabric can endure hundreds of cycles of bending tests without significant performance degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chaochao Dun
- Center for Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials, Department of Physics, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Qiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhongqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - David L Carroll
- Center for Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials, Department of Physics, Wake Forest University , Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, United States
| | - Guiwu Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guanjun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, China
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