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John CM, Otala SA, Jarvis GA. Cyclization increases bactericidal activity of arginine-rich cationic cell-penetrating peptide for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0099724. [PMID: 39105587 PMCID: PMC11370255 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00997-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that a linear cationic 12-amino acid cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) was bactericidal for Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In this study, our objectives were to determine the effect of cyclization of the linear CPP on its antibacterial activity for N. gonorrhoeae and cytotoxicity for human cells. We compared the bactericidal effect of 4-hour treatment with the linear CPP to that of CPPs cyclized by a thioether or a disulfide bond on human challenge and multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of N. gonorrhoeae grown in cell culture media with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The effect of lipooligosaccharide (LOS) sialylation on bactericidal activity was analyzed. We determined the ability of the CPPs to treat human cells infected in vitro with N. gonorrhoeae, to reduce the inflammatory response of human monocytic cells to gonococci, to kill strains of three commensal Neisseria species, and to inhibit gonococcal biofilms. The cyclized CPPs killed 100% of gonococci from all strains at 100 µM and >90% at 20 µM and were more potent than the linear form. The thioether-linked but not the disulfide-linked CPP was less cytotoxic for human cervical cells compared to the linear CPP. LOS sialylation had minimal effect on bactericidal activity. In treating infected human cells, the thioether-linked CPP at 20 µM killed >60% of extra- and intracellular bacteria and reduced TNF-α expression by THP-1 cells. The potency of the CPPs for the pathogenic and the commensal Neisseria was similar. The thioether-linked CPP partially eradicated gonococcal biofilms. Future studies will focus on determining efficacy in the female mouse model of gonorrhea.IMPORTANCENeisseria gonorrhoeae remains a major cause of sexually transmitted infections with 82 million cases worldwide in 2020, and 710,151 confirmed cases in the US in 2021, up 25% from 2017. N. gonorrhoeae can infect multiple tissues including the urethra, cervix, rectum, pharynx, and conjunctiva. The most serious sequelae are suffered by infected women as gonococci ascend to the upper reproductive tract and cause pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility in 10%-20% of women. Control of gonococcal infection is widely recognized as increasingly challenging due to the lack of any vaccine. N. gonorrhoeae has quickly developed resistance to all but one class of antibiotics and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains could result in untreatable infections. As such, gonorrhea is classified by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) as an urgent public health threat. The research presented herein on new therapeutics for gonorrhea has identified a cyclic cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) as a potent molecule targeting N. gonorrhoeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance M. John
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Gary A. Jarvis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
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2
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Davoudi M, Gavlighi HA, Javanmardi F, Benjakul S, Nikoo M. Antimicrobial peptides derived from food byproducts: Sources, production, purification, applications, and challenges. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13422. [PMID: 39245910 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Food wastes can be a valuable reservoir of bioactive substances that can serve as natural preservatives in foods or as functional ingredients with potential health benefits. The antimicrobial properties of protein hydrolysates, especially antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from food byproducts (FBs), have been extensively explored. These protein fragments are defined by their short length, low molecular weight, substantial content of hydrophobic and basic amino acids, and positive net charge. The intricate mechanisms by which these peptides exert their antimicrobial effects on microorganisms and pathogens have been elaborately described. This review also focuses on techniques for producing and purifying AMPs from diverse FBs, including seafood, livestock, poultry, plants, and dairy wastes. According to investigations, incorporating AMPs as additives and alternatives to chemical preservatives in food formulations and packaging materials has been pursued to enhance both consumer health and the shelf life of foods and their products. However, challenges associated with the utilization of AMPs derived from food waste depend on their interaction with the food matrix, acceptability, and commercial viability. Overall, AMPs can serve as alternative safe additives, thereby ensuring the safety and prolonging the storage duration of food products based on specific regulatory approvals as recommended by the respective safety authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshad Davoudi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Ahmadi Gavlighi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Halal Research Center of IRI, Iran Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Javanmardi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Mehdi Nikoo
- Department of Pathobiology and Quality Control, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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3
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Guerinot C, Malige M, Charbonnel N, Malosse K, Jouffret L, Taillefumier C, Roy O, Forestier C, Faure S. Design of Triazolium-Grafted Peptidomimetic Macrocycles with Facial Amphipathicity to Target Pathogenic Bacteria. Org Lett 2024; 26:4088-4092. [PMID: 38709636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Access to 1,2,3-triazolium-grafted peptoid macrocycles was developed by macrocyclization and multivalent postmodification of linear peptoid oligomers carrying an alternance of benzylic and propargyl groups as side chains. X-ray analysis and NMR studies revealed a conformational preference for constrained hairpin-shaped structures leading to the facial amphipathic character of these macrocycles. A preliminary evaluation showed the antimicrobial activities of these new cationic amphipathic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Guerinot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélodie Malige
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LMGE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Charbonnel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LMGE, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Killian Malosse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurent Jouffret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claude Taillefumier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Roy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Sophie Faure
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, ICCF, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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4
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Chen P, Ye T, Li C, Praveen P, Hu Z, Li W, Shang C. Embracing the era of antimicrobial peptides with marine organisms. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:331-346. [PMID: 37743806 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2018 to Jun of 2023The efficiency of traditional antibiotics has been undermined by the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, necessitating the pursuit of innovative therapeutic agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are part of host defence peptides found ubiquitously in nature, exhibiting a wide range of activity towards bacteria, fungi, and viruses, offer a highly promising candidate solution. The efficacy of AMPs can frequently be augmented via alterations to their amino acid sequences or structural adjustments. Given the vast reservoir of marine life forms and their distinctive ecosystems, marine AMPs stand as a burgeoning focal point in the quest for alternative peptide templates extracted from natural sources. Advances in identification and characterization techniques have accelerated the discoveries of marine AMPs, thereby stimulating AMP customization, optimization, and synthesis research endeavours. This review presents an overview of recent discoveries related to the intriguing qualities of marine AMPs. Emphasis will be placed upon post-translational modifications (PTMs) of marine AMPs and how they may impact functionality and potency. Additionally, this review considers ways in which marine PTM might support larger-scale, heterologous AMP manufacturing initiatives, providing insights into translational applications of these important biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Praveen Praveen
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Wenyi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Chenjing Shang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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5
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Martynowycz MW, Andreev K, Mor A, Gidalevitz D. Cancer-Associated Gangliosides as a Therapeutic Target for Host Defense Peptide Mimics. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12541-12549. [PMID: 37647566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant levels of glycolipids expressed on cellular surfaces are characteristic of different types of cancers. The oligomer of acylated lysine (OAK) mimicking antimicrobial peptides displays in vitro activity against human and murine melanoma cell lines with upregulated GD3 and GM3 gangliosides. Herein, we demonstrate the capability of OAK to intercalate into the sialo-oligosaccharides of DPPC/GD3 and DPPC/GM3 lipid monolayers using X-ray scattering. The lack of insertion into monolayers containing phosphatidylserine suggests that the mechanism of action by OAKs against glycosylated lipid membranes is not merely driven by charge effects. The fluorescence microscopy data demonstrates the membrane-lytic activity of OAK. Understanding the molecular basis for selectivity toward GD3 and GM3 gangliosides by antimicrobial lipopeptides will contribute to the development of novel therapies to cure melanoma and other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Martynowycz
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Konstantin Andreev
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Amram Mor
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion─Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - David Gidalevitz
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W 35th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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6
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Lourenço ALP, Rios TB, da Silva ÁP, Franco OL, Ramada MHS. Peptide Stapling Applied to Antimicrobial Peptides. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1400. [PMID: 37760697 PMCID: PMC10525709 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12091400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a promising therapeutic approach against multi-drug resistant microorganisms. Besides their advantages, there are limitations to be overcome so that these molecules can become market competitive. One of the biggest limitations is proteolytic susceptibility, which could be overcome by structural modifications such as cyclization, especially for helix-constraining strategies. Over the years, many helix stabilization techniques have arisen, such as lactam-bridging, triazole-based, N-alkylation and all-hydrocarbon stapling. All-hydrocarbon stapling takes advantage of modified amino acid residues and olefinic cross-linking to constrain peptide helices. Despite being a well-established strategy and presenting efficient stability results, there are different limitations especially related to toxicity. In this review, recent studies on stapled AMPs for antimicrobial usage are explored with the aim of understanding the future of these molecules as putative antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Pereira Lourenço
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
| | - Thuanny Borba Rios
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Állan Pires da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Soller Ramada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
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7
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Cavallazzi Sebold B, Li J, Ni G, Fu Q, Li H, Liu X, Wang T. Going Beyond Host Defence Peptides: Horizons of Chemically Engineered Peptides for Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. BioDrugs 2023; 37:607-623. [PMID: 37300748 PMCID: PMC10432368 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-023-00608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are considered a health threat worldwide, and this problem is set to increase over the decades. The ESKAPE, a group of six pathogens including Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. is the major source of concern due to their high death incidence and nosocomial acquired infection. Host defence peptides (HDPs) are a class of ribosomally synthesised peptides that have shown promising results in combating MDR, including the ESKAPE group, in- and outside bacterial biofilms. However, their poor pharmacokinetics in physiological mediums may impede HDPs from becoming viable clinical candidates. To circumvent this problem, chemical engineering of HDPs has been seen as an emergent approach to not only improve their pharmacokinetics but also their efficacy against pathogens. In this review, we explore several chemical modifications of HDPs that have shown promising results, especially against ESKAPE pathogens, and provide an overview of the current findings with respect to each modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Cavallazzi Sebold
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Junjie Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoying Ni
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanlan Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hejie Li
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital/Clinical Medical School, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- Cancer Research Institute, First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Tianfang Wang
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
- School of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore BC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
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8
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Tate P, Mastrodomenico V, Cunha C, McClure J, Barron AE, Diamond G, Mounce BC, Kirshenbaum K. Peptidomimetic Oligomers Targeting Membrane Phosphatidylserine Exhibit Broad Antiviral Activity. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1508-1522. [PMID: 37530426 PMCID: PMC10425984 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of durable new antiviral therapies is challenging, as viruses can evolve rapidly to establish resistance and attenuate therapeutic efficacy. New compounds that selectively target conserved viral features are attractive therapeutic candidates, particularly for combating newly emergent viral threats. The innate immune system features a sustained capability to combat pathogens through production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); however, these AMPs have shortcomings that can preclude clinical use. The essential functional features of AMPs have been recapitulated by peptidomimetic oligomers, yielding effective antibacterial and antifungal agents. Here, we show that a family of AMP mimetics, called peptoids, exhibit direct antiviral activity against an array of enveloped viruses, including the key human pathogens Zika, Rift Valley fever, and chikungunya viruses. These data suggest that the activities of peptoids include engagement and disruption of viral membrane constituents. To investigate how these peptoids target lipid membranes, we used liposome leakage assays to measure membrane disruption. We found that liposomes containing phosphatidylserine (PS) were markedly sensitive to peptoid treatment; in contrast, liposomes formed exclusively with phosphatidylcholine (PC) showed no sensitivity. In addition, chikungunya virus containing elevated envelope PS was more susceptible to peptoid-mediated inactivation. These results indicate that peptoids mimicking the physicochemical characteristics of AMPs act through a membrane-specific mechanism, most likely through preferential interactions with PS. We provide the first evidence for the engagement of distinct viral envelope lipid constituents, establishing an avenue for specificity that may enable the development of a new family of therapeutics capable of averting the rapid development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick
M. Tate
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Vincent Mastrodomenico
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | - Christina Cunha
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | | | - Annelise E. Barron
- Maxwell
Biosciences, Austin, Texas 78738, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department
of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bryan C. Mounce
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
- Maxwell
Biosciences, Austin, Texas 78738, United States
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9
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Kim M, Cheon Y, Shin D, Choi J, Nielsen JE, Jeong MS, Nam HY, Kim S, Lund R, Jenssen H, Barron AE, Lee S, Seo J. Real-Time Monitoring of Multitarget Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Peptoids Using Label-Free Imaging with Optical Diffraction Tomography. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302483. [PMID: 37341246 PMCID: PMC10460844 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutics in the fight against multidrug-resistant bacteria. As a mimic of AMPs, peptoids with N-substituted glycine backbone have been utilized for antimicrobials with resistance against proteolytic degradation. Antimicrobial peptoids are known to kill bacteria by membrane disruption; however, the nonspecific aggregation of intracellular contents is also suggested as an important bactericidal mechanism. Here,structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a library of indole side chain-containing peptoids resulting in peptoid 29 as a hit compound is investigated. Then, quantitative morphological analyses of live bacteria treated with AMPs and peptoid 29 in a label-free manner using optical diffraction tomography (ODT) are performed. It is unambiguously demonstrated that both membrane disruption and intracellular biomass flocculation are primary mechanisms of bacterial killing by monitoring real-time morphological changes of bacteria. These multitarget mechanisms and rapid action can be a merit for the discovery of a resistance-breaking novel antibiotic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsang Kim
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongmi Cheon
- Gwangju CenterKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)49, Dosicheomdansaneop‐ro, Nam‐guGwangju61751Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Molecular BiochemistryChonnam National University77, Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61186Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular BiologyChungnam National University99, Daehak‐ro, Yuseong‐guDaejeon34134Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Shin
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Choi
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Science and EnvironmentRoskilde UniversityUniversitetsvej 1Roskilde4000Denmark
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Medicine and EngineeringStanford University443 Via OrtegaStanfordCalifornia94305United States
| | - Myeong Seon Jeong
- Chuncheon CenterKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)1, Kangwondaehak‐gil, Chuncheon‐siGangwon‐do24341Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Nam
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Sung‐Hak Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular BiochemistryChonnam National University77, Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Reidar Lund
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloProblemveien 7Oslo0315Norway
| | - Håvard Jenssen
- Department of Science and EnvironmentRoskilde UniversityUniversitetsvej 1Roskilde4000Denmark
| | - Annelise E. Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Schools of Medicine and EngineeringStanford University443 Via OrtegaStanfordCalifornia94305United States
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- Gwangju CenterKorea Basic Science Institute (KBSI)49, Dosicheomdansaneop‐ro, Nam‐guGwangju61751Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems BiotechnologyChung‐Ang UniversityAnseong‐siGyeonggi‐do17546Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Seo
- Department of ChemistryGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)123, Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐guGwangju61005Republic of Korea
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10
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Castelletto V, Seitsonen J, Hamley IW. Effect of Glycosylation on Self-Assembly of Lipid A Lipopolysaccharides in Aqueous Solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37289534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) based on lipid A produced by bacteria are of interest due to their bioactivity in stimulating immune responses, as are simpler synthetic components or analogues. Here, the self-assembly in water of two monodisperse lipid A derivatives based on simplified bacterial LPS structures is examined and compared to that of a native Escherichia coli LPS using small-angle X-ray scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The critical aggregation concentration is obtained from fluorescence probe experiments, and conformation is probed using circular dichroism spectroscopy. The E. coli LPS is found to form wormlike micelles, whereas the synthetic analogues bearing six lipid chains and with four or two saccharide head groups (Kdo2-lipid A and monophosphoryl lipid A) self-assemble into nanosheets or vesicles, respectively. These observations are rationalized by considering the surfactant packing parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Castelletto
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K
| | - Jani Seitsonen
- Nanomicroscopy Center, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, Espoo FIN-02150, Finland
| | - Ian W Hamley
- School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AD, U.K
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11
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Nyembe PL, Ntombela T, Makatini MM. Review: Structure-Activity Relationship of Antimicrobial Peptoids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051506. [PMID: 37242748 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their broad-spectrum activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic analogs have emerged as prospective therapies for treating illnesses brought on by multi-drug resistant pathogens. To overcome the limitations of AMPs, such as protease degradation, oligo-N-substituted glycines (peptoids) are a promising alternative. Despite having the same backbone atom sequence as natural peptides, peptoid structures are more stable because, unlike AMP, their functional side chains are attached to the backbone nitrogen (N)-atom rather than the alpha carbon atom. As a result, peptoid structures are less susceptible to proteolysis and enzymatic degradation. The advantages of AMPs, such as hydrophobicity, cationic character, and amphipathicity, are mimicked by peptoids. Furthermore, structure-activity relationship studies (SAR) have shown that tuning the structure of peptoids is a crucial step in developing effective antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla L Nyembe
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Thandokuhle Ntombela
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Maya M Makatini
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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12
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S100 Proteins as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Psoriasis and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196640. [PMID: 36235175 PMCID: PMC9572071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases affecting about 1-3% of the population. One of the characteristic abnormalities in psoriasis is the excessive production of antimicrobial peptides and proteins, which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Antimicrobial peptides and proteins can be expressed differently in normal and diseased skin, reflecting their usefulness as diagnostic biomarkers. Moreover, due to their very important functions in innate immunity, members of host defense peptides and proteins are currently considered to be promising new therapeutic targets for many inflammatory diseases. Koebnerisin (S100A15) belongs to an S100 family of antimicrobial proteins, which constitute the multigenetic group of calcium-binding proteins involved in ion-dependent cellular functions and regulation of immune mechanisms. S100A15 was first discovered to be overexpressed in 'koebnerized' psoriatic skin, indicating its involvement in the disease phenotype and the same promising potential as a new therapeutic target. This review describes the involvement of antimicrobial peptides and proteins in inflammatory diseases' development and therapy. The discussion focuses on S100 proteins, especially koebnerisin, which may be involved in the underlying mechanism of the Köebner phenomenon in psoriasis, as well as other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases described in the last decade.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta D'Amato
- University of Salerno: Universita degli Studi di Salerno Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli" Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano ITALY
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14
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Zhang W, Deng S, Zhou M, Zou J, Xie J, Xiao X, Yuan L, Ji Z, Chen S, Cui R, Luo Z, Xia G, Liu R. Host defense peptide mimicking cyclic peptoid polymers exerting strong activity against drug-resistant bacteria. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4515-4524. [PMID: 35788576 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00587e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Extensive use of antibiotics accelerates the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and related infections. Host defense peptides (HDPs) have been studied as promising and potential therapeutic candidates. However, their clinical applications of HDPs are limited due to their high cost of synthesis and low stability upon proteolysis. Therefore, HDP mimics have become a new approach to address the challenge of bacterial resistance. In this work, we design the amphiphilic peptoid polymers by mimicking the positively charged and hydrophobic structures of HDPs and synthesize a series of cyclic peptoid polymers efficiently via the polymerization on α-amino acid N-substituted glycine N-carboxyanhydrides (α-NNCAs) using 1,8-diazabicycloundec-7-ene (DBU) as the initiator. The optimal cyclic peptoid polymer, poly(Naeg0.7Npfbg0.3)20, displays strong antibacterial activities against drug-resistant bacteria, but low hemolysis and cytotoxicity. In addition, the mode-of-action study indicates that the antibacterial mechanism is associated with bacterial membrane interaction. Our study implies that HDP mimicking cyclic peptoid polymers have potential application in treating drug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Shuai Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jingcheng Zou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayang Xie
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ximian Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhemin Ji
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ruxin Cui
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhengjie Luo
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guixue Xia
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China. .,Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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15
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Rezende SB, Oshiro KGN, Júnior NGO, Franco OL, Cardoso MH. Advances on chemically modified antimicrobial peptides for generating peptide antibiotics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11578-11590. [PMID: 34652348 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03793e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are pinpointed as promising molecules against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Nevertheless, there is a discrepancy between the AMP sequences generated and the tangible outcomes in clinical trials. AMPs' limitations include enzymatic degradation, chemical/physical instability and toxicity toward healthy human cells. These factors compromise AMPs' bioavailability, resulting in limited therapeutic potential. To overcome such obstacles, peptidomimetic approaches, including glycosylation, PEGylation, lipidation, cyclization, grafting, D-amino acid insertion, stapling and dendrimers are promising strategies to fine-tune AMPs. Here we focused on chemical modifications applied for AMP optimization and how they have helped these peptide-based antibiotic candidates' design and translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samilla B Rezende
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Karen G N Oshiro
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Nelson G O Júnior
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Octávio L Franco
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Marlon H Cardoso
- S-Inova Biotech, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB), Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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16
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Róg T, Girych M, Bunker A. Mechanistic Understanding from Molecular Dynamics in Pharmaceutical Research 2: Lipid Membrane in Drug Design. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1062. [PMID: 34681286 PMCID: PMC8537670 DOI: 10.3390/ph14101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the use of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation as a drug design tool in the context of the role that the lipid membrane can play in drug action, i.e., the interaction between candidate drug molecules and lipid membranes. In the standard "lock and key" paradigm, only the interaction between the drug and a specific active site of a specific protein is considered; the environment in which the drug acts is, from a biophysical perspective, far more complex than this. The possible mechanisms though which a drug can be designed to tinker with physiological processes are significantly broader than merely fitting to a single active site of a single protein. In this paper, we focus on the role of the lipid membrane, arguably the most important element outside the proteins themselves, as a case study. We discuss work that has been carried out, using MD simulation, concerning the transfection of drugs through membranes that act as biological barriers in the path of the drugs, the behavior of drug molecules within membranes, how their collective behavior can affect the structure and properties of the membrane and, finally, the role lipid membranes, to which the vast majority of drug target proteins are associated, can play in mediating the interaction between drug and target protein. This review paper is the second in a two-part series covering MD simulation as a tool in pharmaceutical research; both are designed as pedagogical review papers aimed at both pharmaceutical scientists interested in exploring how the tool of MD simulation can be applied to their research and computational scientists interested in exploring the possibility of a pharmaceutical context for their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Róg
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Mykhailo Girych
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Alex Bunker
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
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17
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Saadi S, Ghazali HM, Saari N, Abdulkarim SM. The structural reconformation of peptides in enhancing functional and therapeutic properties: Insights into their solid state crystallizations. Biophys Chem 2021; 273:106565. [PMID: 33780688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic peptides derived proteins with alpha-reconformation states like antibody shape have shown potential effects in combating terrible diseases linked with earlier signs of angiogensis, mutagenesis and transgenesis. Alpha reconformation in material design refers to the folding of the peptide chains and their transitions under reversible chemical bonds of disulfide chemical bridges and further non-covalence lesions. Thus, the rational design of signal peptides into alpha-helix is intended in increasing the defending effects of peptides into cores like adjuvant antibiotic and/or vaccines. Thereby, the signal peptides are able in displaying multiple eradicating regions by changing crystal-depositions and deviation angles. These types of molecular structures could have multiple advantages in tracing disease syndromes and impurities by increasing the host defense against the fates of pathogens and viruses, eventually leading to the loss in signaling by increasing peptide susceptibility levels to folding and unfolding and therefore, formation of transgenic peptide models. Alpha reconformation peptides is aimed in triggering as well as other regulatory functions such as remodulating metabolic chain disorders of lipolysis and glucolysis by increasing the insulin and leptin resistance for best lipid storages and lipoprotein density distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Saadi
- Institut de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agro-alimentaires INATAA 25017, Université Frères Mentouri, Constantine 1, Algeria; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hasanah Mohd Ghazali
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sabo Mohammed Abdulkarim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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18
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Andreev K, Martynowycz MW, Kuzmenko I, Bu W, Hall SB, Gidalevitz D. Structural Changes in Films of Pulmonary Surfactant Induced by Surfactant Vesicles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:13439-13447. [PMID: 33080138 PMCID: PMC8754419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
When compressed by the shrinking alveolar surface area during exhalation, films of pulmonary surfactant in situ reduce surface tension to levels at which surfactant monolayers collapse from the surface in vitro. Vesicles of pulmonary surfactant added below these monolayers slow collapse. X-ray scattering here determined the structural changes induced by the added vesicles. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction on monolayers of extracted calf surfactant detected an ordered phase. Mixtures of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol, but not the phospholipid alone, mimic that structure. At concentrations that stabilize the monolayers, vesicles in the subphase had no effect on the unit cell, and X-ray reflection showed that the film remained monomolecular. The added vesicles, however, produced a concentration-dependent increase in the diffracted intensity. These results suggest that the enhanced resistance to collapse results from enlargement by the additional material of the ordered phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Andreev
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Michael W Martynowycz
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ivan Kuzmenko
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Wei Bu
- The Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (CARS), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stephen B Hall
- Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - David Gidalevitz
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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19
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Mahlapuu M, Björn C, Ekblom J. Antimicrobial peptides as therapeutic agents: opportunities and challenges. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:978-992. [PMID: 32781848 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1796576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics has accelerated efforts to find anti-infectives with a novel mode-of-action, which are less prone to bacterial resistance. Intense nonclinical and clinical research is today ongoing to evaluate antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as potential next-generation antibiotics. Currently, multiple AMPs are assessed in late-stage clinical trials, not only as novel anti-infective drugs, but also as innovative product candidates for immunomodulation, promotion of wound healing, and prevention of post-operative scars. The efforts to translate AMP-based research findings into pharmaceutical product candidates are expected to accelerate in coming years due to technological advancements in multiple areas, including an improved understanding of the mechanism-of-action of AMPs, smart formulation strategies, and advanced chemical synthesis protocols. At the same time, it is recognized that cytotoxicity, low metabolic stability due to sensitivity to proteolytic degradation, and limited oral bioavailability are some of the key weaknesses of AMPs. Furthermore, the pricing and reimbursement environment for new antimicrobial products remains as a major barrier to the commercialization of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Mahlapuu
- Promore Pharma AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Jonas Ekblom
- Promore Pharma AB, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Riccardis
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “A. Zambelli”; University of Salerno; Via Giovani Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
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21
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Bicker KL, Cobb SL. Recent advances in the development of anti-infective peptoids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11158-11168. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04704j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the progress that has been made towards the development of novel anti-infective peptoids and the key areas for future development within this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L. Bicker
- Department of Chemistry
- Middle Tennessee State University
- Murfreesboro
- USA
| | - Steven L Cobb
- Deparment of Chemistry
- Biophysical Sciences Institute
- Durham University
- Durham
- UK
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22
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Seyfi R, Kahaki FA, Ebrahimi T, Montazersaheb S, Eyvazi S, Babaeipour V, Tarhriz V. Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs): Roles, Functions and Mechanism of Action. Int J Pept Res Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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23
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Andreev K, Martynowycz MW, Gidalevitz D. Peptoid drug discovery and optimization via surface X-ray scattering. Biopolymers 2019; 110:e23274. [PMID: 30892696 PMCID: PMC6661014 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers mimicking antimicrobial peptides have drawn considerable interest as potential therapeutics. N-substituted glycines, or peptoids, are recognized by their in vivo stability and ease of synthesis. Peptoids are thought to act primarily on the negatively charged lipids that are abundant in bacterial cell membranes. A mechanistic understanding of lipid-peptoid interaction at the molecular level will provide insights for rational design and optimization of peptoids. Here, we highlight recent studies that utilize synchrotron liquid surface X-ray scattering to characterize the underlying peptoid interactions with bacterial and eukaryotic membranes. Cellular membranes are highly complex, and difficult to characterize at the molecular level. Model systems including Langmuir monolayers, are used in these studies to reduce system complexity. The general workflow of these systems and the corresponding data analysis techniques are presented alongside recent findings. These studies investigate the role of peptoid physicochemical characteristics on membrane activity. Specifically, the roles of cationic charge, conformational constraint via macrocyclization, and hydrophobicity are shown to correlate their membrane interactions to biological activities in vitro. These structure-activity relationships have led to new insights into the mechanism of action by peptoid antimicrobials, and suggest optimization strategies for future therapeutics based on peptoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Andreev
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | | | - David Gidalevitz
- Center for the Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter and Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois
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24
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Agnew HD, Coppock MB, Idso MN, Lai BT, Liang J, McCarthy-Torrens AM, Warren CM, Heath JR. Protein-Catalyzed Capture Agents. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9950-9970. [PMID: 30838853 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein-catalyzed capture agents (PCCs) are synthetic and modular peptide-based affinity agents that are developed through the use of single-generation in situ click chemistry screens against large peptide libraries. In such screens, the target protein, or a synthetic epitope fragment of that protein, provides a template for selectively promoting the noncopper catalyzed azide-alkyne dipolar cycloaddition click reaction between either a library peptide and a known ligand or a library peptide and the synthetic epitope. The development of epitope-targeted PCCs was motivated by the desire to fully generalize pioneering work from the Sharpless and Finn groups in which in situ click screens were used to develop potent, divalent enzymatic inhibitors. In fact, a large degree of generality has now been achieved. Various PCCs have demonstrated utility for selective protein detection, as allosteric or direct inhibitors, as modulators of protein folding, and as tools for in vivo tumor imaging. We provide a historical context for PCCs and place them within the broader scope of biological and synthetic aptamers. The development of PCCs is presented as (i) Generation I PCCs, which are branched ligands engineered through an iterative, nonepitope-targeted process, and (ii) Generation II PCCs, which are typically developed from macrocyclic peptide libraries and are precisely epitope-targeted. We provide statistical comparisons of Generation II PCCs relative to monoclonal antibodies in which the protein target is the same. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future opportunities of PCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather D Agnew
- Indi Molecular, Inc. , 6162 Bristol Parkway , Culver City , California 90230 , United States
| | - Matthew B Coppock
- Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate , U.S. Army Research Laboratory , Adelphi , Maryland 20783 , United States
| | - Matthew N Idso
- Institute for Systems Biology , 401 Terry Avenue North , Seattle , Washington 98109-5234 , United States
| | - Bert T Lai
- Indi Molecular, Inc. , 6162 Bristol Parkway , Culver City , California 90230 , United States
| | - JingXin Liang
- Institute for Systems Biology , 401 Terry Avenue North , Seattle , Washington 98109-5234 , United States
| | - Amy M McCarthy-Torrens
- Institute for Systems Biology , 401 Terry Avenue North , Seattle , Washington 98109-5234 , United States
| | - Carmen M Warren
- Indi Molecular, Inc. , 6162 Bristol Parkway , Culver City , California 90230 , United States
| | - James R Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology , 401 Terry Avenue North , Seattle , Washington 98109-5234 , United States
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25
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Basak D, Saha P, Madhavan N. Basic Design Elements for Tunable Cation Transport Using Picolinic-Acid-Incorporated Tetrapeptides. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Basak
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Madras; Chennai 600036 India
| | - Parichita Saha
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400076, Maharastra India
| | - Nandita Madhavan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai 400076, Maharastra India
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26
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Shyam R, Charbonnel N, Job A, Blavignac C, Forestier C, Taillefumier C, Faure S. 1,2,3‐Triazolium‐Based Cationic Amphipathic Peptoid Oligomers Mimicking Antimicrobial Helical Peptides. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1513-1516. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radhe Shyam
- Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | | | - Aurélie Job
- Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Christelle Blavignac
- Université Clermont Auvergne Centre Imagerie Cellulaire Santé 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | | | - Claude Taillefumier
- Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
| | - Sophie Faure
- Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, ICCF 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
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27
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Abstract
Over the past two decades, developing medical applications for peptides has, and continues to be a highly active area of research. At present there are over 60 peptide-based drugs on the market and more than 140 in various stages of clinical trials. The interest in peptide-based therapeutics arises from their biocompatibility and their ability to form defined secondary and tertiary structures, resulting in a high selectivity for complex targets. However, there are significant challenges associated with the development of peptide-based therapeutics, namely peptides are readily metabolised in vivo. Peptoids are an emerging class of peptidomimetic and they offer an alternative to peptides. Peptoids are comprised of N-substituted glycines where side-chains are located on the nitrogen atom of the amide backbone rather than the α-carbon as is the case in peptides. This change in structure confers a high degree of resistance to proteolytic degradation but the absence of any backbone hydrogen bonding means that peptoids exhibit a high degree of conformational flexibility. Cyclisation has been explored as one possible route to rigidify peptoid structures, making them more selective, and, therefore more desirable as potential therapeutics. This review outlines the various strategies that have been developed over the last decade to access new types of macrocyclic peptoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Steven L. Cobb
- Department of ChemistryDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
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28
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Andreev K, Martynowycz MW, Huang ML, Kuzmenko I, Bu W, Kirshenbaum K, Gidalevitz D. Hydrophobic interactions modulate antimicrobial peptoid selectivity towards anionic lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1414-1423. [PMID: 29621496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic interactions govern specificity for natural antimicrobial peptides. No such relationship has been established for synthetic peptoids that mimic antimicrobial peptides. Peptoid macrocycles synthesized with five different aromatic groups are investigated by minimum inhibitory and hemolytic concentration assays, epifluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray reflectivity. Peptoid hydrophobicity is determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Disruption of bacterial but not eukaryotic lipid membranes is demonstrated on the solid supported lipid bilayers and Langmuir monolayers. X-ray reflectivity studies demonstrate that intercalation of peptoids with zwitterionic or negatively charged lipid membranes is found to be regulated by hydrophobicity. Critical levels of peptoid selectivity are demonstrated and found to be modulated by their hydrophobic groups. It is suggested that peptoids may follow different optimization schemes as compared to their natural analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Andreev
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616, United States
| | - Michael W Martynowycz
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616, United States; Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, United States
| | - Mia L Huang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Ivan Kuzmenko
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, United States
| | - Wei Bu
- The Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (CARS), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - David Gidalevitz
- Department of Physics, Center for Molecular Study of Condensed Soft Matter (μCoSM), Pritzker Institute of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616, United States.
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29
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Meister D, Taimoory SM, Trant JF. Unnatural amino acids improve affinity and modulate immunogenicity: Developing peptides to treat MHC type II autoimmune disorders. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Meister
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - S. Maryamdokht Taimoory
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - John F. Trant
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
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30
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Kumar P, Kizhakkedathu JN, Straus SK. Antimicrobial Peptides: Diversity, Mechanism of Action and Strategies to Improve the Activity and Biocompatibility In Vivo. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E4. [PMID: 29351202 PMCID: PMC5871973 DOI: 10.3390/biom8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 662] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is projected as one of the greatest threats to human health in the future and hence alternatives are being explored to combat resistance. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have shown great promise, because use of AMPs leads bacteria to develop no or low resistance. In this review, we discuss the diversity, history and the various mechanisms of action of AMPs. Although many AMPs have reached clinical trials, to date not many have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) due to issues with toxicity, protease cleavage and short half-life. Some of the recent strategies developed to improve the activity and biocompatibility of AMPs, such as chemical modifications and the use of delivery systems, are also reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
- Centre for Blood Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Life Sciences Centre, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Suzana K Straus
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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31
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Molchanova N, Hansen PR, Franzyk H. Advances in Development of Antimicrobial Peptidomimetics as Potential Drugs. Molecules 2017; 22:E1430. [PMID: 28850098 PMCID: PMC6151827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has evolved into a global health problem as current treatment options are failing for infections caused by pan-resistant bacteria. Hence, novel antibiotics are in high demand, and for this reason antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted considerable interest, since they often show broad-spectrum activity, fast killing and high cell selectivity. However, the therapeutic potential of natural AMPs is limited by their short plasma half-life. Antimicrobial peptidomimetics mimic the structure and biological activity of AMPs, but display extended stability in the presence of biological matrices. In the present review, focus is on the developments reported in the last decade with respect to their design, synthesis, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic side effects as well as their potential applications as anti-infective agents. Specifically, only peptidomimetics with a modular structure of residues connected via amide linkages will be discussed. These comprise the classes of α-peptoids (N-alkylated glycine oligomers), β-peptoids (N-alkylated β-alanine oligomers), β³-peptides, α/β³-peptides, α-peptide/β-peptoid hybrids, α/γ N-acylated N-aminoethylpeptides (AApeptides), and oligoacyllysines (OAKs). Such peptidomimetics are of particular interest due to their potent antimicrobial activity, versatile design, and convenient optimization via assembly by standard solid-phase procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Molchanova
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Paul R Hansen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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