1
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Tong W, Han M, Ma C, Wu Z, Wang N, Du N, Xiang T, Zhu J. Empowering Photovoltaic Panel Anti-Icing: Superhydrophobic Organic Composite Coating with In Situ Photothermal and Transparency. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:31567-31575. [PMID: 38836291 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Solar energy is widely used in photovoltaic power generation as a kind of clean energy. However, the liquid film, frosting, and icing on the photovoltaic module seriously limit the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. We developed a composite coating (Y6-NanoSH) by combining an in situ photothermal and transparent Y6 organic film with a nanosuperhydrophobic material. The Y6-NanoSH coated glass exhibited excellent optical clarity both indoors and outdoors, indicating that the coating holds great promise in anti-icing applications for photovoltaic panels. The Y6-NanoSH coating absorbs very little visible light but instead absorbs in the near-infrared region, thereby emitting heat. When exposed to sunlight, the Y6-NanoSH coated photovoltaic panel raises its surface temperature, inhibiting the growth and accumulation of ice and frost on its surface. This is achieved through a combination of photothermal emission and superhydrophobic repellency, which promotes the evaporation and rolling away of water droplets. This validates our success in developing a photothermal, transparent, and superhydrophobic coating with excellent anti-icing capabilities, suitable for use on photovoltaic panels, as well as potential applications in car windscreens, transmission lines, curtain walls, and weather radomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tong
- Institute of Superlubricity Technology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- School of Equipment Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China
| | - Mengmeng Han
- Henan Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Institute of Superlubricity Technology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Automotive Engineering Research Institute and School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Automotive Engineering Research Institute and School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ning Du
- School of Equipment Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China
| | - Tengfei Xiang
- Research Center of Modern Surface and Interface Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China
| | - Jingshuai Zhu
- School of Equipment Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China
- School of Fashion and Textiles, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong
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2
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Qian C, Li X, Li Q, Chen X. Nanofluid Droplet Impact on Rigid and Elastic Superhydrophobic Surfaces. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22003-22015. [PMID: 38799373 PMCID: PMC11112574 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ice accumulation on cold surfaces is a common and serious phenomenon that exists in numerous industrial fields, such as power transmission, wind turbines, and aircraft. Despite recent efforts in mitigating ice accumulation on the cold surface, it remains a challenge to achieve robust anti-icing on the cold surface in terms of nanofluid droplet. Here, we report a rigid superhydrophobic Cu surface and an elastic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic surface to enhance water-repellency performance, characterized by a significant reduction in contact time and a decrease in the spreading ratio. As for the rigid superhydrophobic Cu surface, the underlying mechanism is ascribed to the existence of stable air cushions between the micropillar array, which reduce the contact area and further suppress the heat conduction. As for the elastic PDMS superhydrophobic surface, the rapid detachment of the nanofluid droplet relies on superior surface elasticity, which can further suppress the nanofluid droplet splashing at a high impacting velocity. We believe that this work can provide a new view for the improvement of water-repellency for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiang Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control
of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control
of Electronic Equipment, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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3
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Liu H, Zhong H, Yuan Q, Yang R, Kim M, Chan YHT, Chen S, Lin J, Li MG. Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing of Breathable Superhydrophobic Membranes. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400038. [PMID: 38593365 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Self-cleaning and anti-biofouling are both advantages for lotus-leaf-like superhydrophobic surfaces. Methods for creating superhydrophobicity, including chemical bonding low surface energy molecular fragments and constructing surface morphology with protrusions, micropores, and trapped micro airbags by traditional physical strategies, unfortunately, have encountered challenges. They often involve complex synthesis processes, stubborn chemical accumulation, brutal degradation, or infeasible calculation and imprecise modulation in fabricating hierarchical surface roughness. Here, a scalable method to prepare high-quality, breathable superhydrophobic membranes is proposed by developing a successive roll-to-roll laser manufacturing technique, which offers advantages over conventional fabrication approaches in enabling automatically large-scale production and ensuring cost-effectiveness. Nanosecond laser writing and femtosecond laser drilling produce surface microstructures and micropore arrays, respectively, endowing the membrane with superior antiwater capability with hierarchical microstructures forming a barrier and blocking water infiltration. The membrane's breathability is carefully optimized by tailoring micropore arrays to allow for the adequate passage of water vapor while maintaining superhydrophobicity. These membranes combine the benefits of anti-aqueous corrosive liquid behaviors, photothermal effects, thermoplastic properties, and stretchable performances as promising comprehensive materials in diverse scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Haosong Zhong
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoyaxiao Yuan
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Rongliang Yang
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Minseong Kim
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yee Him Timothy Chan
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lin
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Mitch Guijun Li
- Research Center on Smart Manufacturing, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
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4
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Ma C, Wang L, Xu Z, Tong W, Zheng Q. Uniform and Persistent Jumping Detachment of Condensed Nanodroplets. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1439-1446. [PMID: 38237068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Realizing jumping detachment of condensed droplets from solid surfaces at the smallest sizes possible is vital for applications such as antifogging/frosting and heat transfer. For instance, if droplets uniformly jump at sizes smaller than visible light wavelengths of 400-720 nm, antifogging issues could be resolved. In comparison, the smallest droplets experimentally observed so far to jump uniformly were around 16 μm in radius. Here, we show molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of persistent droplet jumping with a uniform radius down to only 3.6 nm on superhydrophobic thin-walled lattice (TWL) nanostructures integrated with superhydrophilic nanospots. The size cutoff is attributed to the preferential cross-lattice coalescence of island droplets. As an application, the MD results exhibit a 10× boost in the heat transfer coefficient (HTC), showing a -1 scaling law with the maximum droplet radius. We provide phase diagrams for jumping and wetting behaviors to guide the design of lattice structures with advanced antidew performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ma
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Superlubricity Technology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Quanshui Zheng
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, AML, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment (SKLT), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Superlubricity Technology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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5
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Donati M, Regulagadda K, Lam CWE, Milionis A, Sharma CS, Poulikakos D. Metal Surface Engineering for Extreme Sustenance of Jumping Droplet Condensation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:1257-1265. [PMID: 38156900 PMCID: PMC10795172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Water vapor condensation on metallic surfaces is critical to a broad range of applications, ranging from power generation to the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Enhancing simultaneously the heat transfer efficiency, scalability, and durability of a condenser surface remains a persistent challenge. Coalescence-induced condensing droplet jumping is a capillarity-driven mechanism of self-ejection of microscopic condensate droplets from a surface. This mechanism is highly desired due to the fact that it continuously frees up the surface for new condensate to form directly on the surface, enhancing heat transfer without requiring the presence of the gravitational field. However, this condensate ejection mechanism typically requires the fabrication of surface nanotextures coated by an ultrathin (<10 nm) conformal hydrophobic coating (hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers such as silanes), which results in poor durability. Here, we present a scalable approach for the fabrication of a hierarchically structured superhydrophobic surface on aluminum substrates, which is able to withstand adverse conditions characterized by condensation of superheated steam shear flow at pressure and temperature up to ≈1.42 bar and ≈111 °C, respectively, and velocities in the range ≈3-9 m/s. The synergetic function of micro- and nanotextures, combined with a chemically grafted, robust ultrathin (≈4.0 nm) poly-1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl acrylate (pPFDA) coating, which is 1 order of magnitude thinner than the current state of the art, allows the sustenance of long-term coalescence-induced condensate jumping drop condensation for at least 72 h. This yields unprecedented, up to an order of magnitude higher heat transfer coefficients compared to filmwise condensation under the same conditions and significantly outperforms the current state of the art in terms of both durability and performance establishing a new milestone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Donati
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical
and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kartik Regulagadda
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical
and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cheuk Wing Edmond Lam
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical
and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Athanasios Milionis
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical
and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chander Shekhar Sharma
- Thermofluidics
Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, Punjab, India
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory
of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Department of Mechanical
and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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6
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Li S, Lam CWE, Donati M, Regulagadda K, Yavuz E, Pfeiffer T, Sarkiris P, Gogolides E, Milionis A, Poulikakos D, Butt HJ, Kappl M. Durable, Ultrathin, and Antifouling Polymer Brush Coating for Efficient Condensation Heat Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1941-1949. [PMID: 38115194 PMCID: PMC10788830 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Heat exchangers are made of metals because of their high heat conductivity and mechanical stability. Metal surfaces are inherently hydrophilic, leading to inefficient filmwise condensation. It is still a challenge to coat these metal surfaces with a durable, robust, and thin hydrophobic layer, which is required for efficient dropwise condensation. Here, we report the nonstructured and ultrathin (∼6 nm) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) brushes on copper that sustain high-performing dropwise condensation in high supersaturation. Due to the flexible hydrophobic siloxane polymer chains, the coating has low resistance to drop sliding and excellent chemical stability. The PDMS brushes can sustain dropwise condensation for up to ∼8 h during exposure to 111 °C saturated steam flowing at 3 m·s-1, with a 5-7 times higher heat transfer coefficient compared to filmwise condensation. The surface is self-cleaning and can reduce the level of bacterial attachment by 99%. This low-cost, facile, fluorine-free, and scalable method is suitable for a great variety of heat transfer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Cheuk Wing Edmond Lam
- Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics
in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Donati
- Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics
in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kartik Regulagadda
- Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics
in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emre Yavuz
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Till Pfeiffer
- Institute
for Technical Thermodynamics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Sarkiris
- Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR
“Demokritos”, 15341Agia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Evangelos Gogolides
- Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR
“Demokritos”, 15341Agia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Milionis
- Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics
in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Department
of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics
in Emerging Technologies, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael Kappl
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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7
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Wong HY, Wong LW, Tsang CS, Yan Z, Zhang X, Zhao J, Ly TH. Superhydrophobic Surface Designing for Efficient Atmospheric Water Harvesting Aided by Intelligent Computer Vision. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37200621 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a possible solution for the current water crisis on the Earth, and the key process of AWH has been widely applied in commercial dehumidifiers. To improve the energy efficiency of the AWH process, applying a superhydrophobic surface to trigger coalescence-induced jumping could be a promising technique that has attracted extensive interest. While most previous studies focused on optimizing the geometric parameters such as nanoscale surface roughness (<1 μm) or microscale structures (10 μm to a few hundred μm range), which might enhance AWH, here, we report a simple and low-cost approach for superhydrophobic surface engineering, through alkaline oxidation of copper. The prepared medium-sized microflower structures (3-5 μm) by our method could fill the gap of the conventional nano- and microstructures, simultaneously act as the preferable nucleation sites and the promoter for the condensed droplet mobility including droplet coalescence and departure, and eventually benefit the entire AWH performances. Moreover, our AWH structure has been optimized with the aid of machine learning computer vision techniques for droplet dynamic analysis on a micrometer scale. Overall, the alkaline surface oxidation and medium-scale microstructures could provide excellent opportunities for superhydrophobic surfaces for future AWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hok Yin Wong
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lok Wing Wong
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Chi Sing Tsang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhangyuan Yan
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiong Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Thuc Hue Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super-Diamond & Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
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8
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Wang SY, Wang ZJ, Wang DQ, Yang YR, Wang XD, Lee DJ. Electrically Manipulated Vapor Condensation on the Dimpled Surface: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:829-840. [PMID: 36594668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Random vapor nucleation leads to flooding condensation with degraded heat-transfer efficiency. Since an external electric field has a significant effect on manipulating droplets' motion, it is possible to be one of the effective methods to hinder flooding phenomena and improve the heat-transfer rate by applying the external electric field during condensation. However, the motion of nanodroplets is more sensitive to the electric field owing to the scale effect on the nanoscale. The effect of the electric field on growth has not explicitly been comprehended. This work studied the condensation processes on a nanodimpled surface under an electric field with various strengths and directions. The results showed that condensed droplets' growth under the electric field depends on the competition between the electric field force and solid-liquid interactions. Increased vertical electric field strength, the higher torsion by the electric field hindered the motion of vapor, decreased the collision frequency for water molecules with the cooled surface, and elongated the cluster when the electric field force dominates, thus deteriorating the condensation performance. While applying the horizontal electric field, the greater electric field strength leads to better condensation performance by the larger contacting area for heat exchange. A wetting transition induced by the electric field was observed when the electric field strength increased to a certain extent (E > 5.2 × 108 V/m in this study). When the V-shaped surface replaced the dimpled surface as the condensed substrate, the same wetting transition phenomena occurred under a more significant horizontal electric field strength, showing that this method is universal. Besides, different electric field frequencies influenced both the growth and the nucleation, thus exhibiting various condensation performances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon999077, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Yuan-Ze University, Chungli320, Taiwan
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9
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Che Q, Wang F, Zhao X. Design of Nanostructured Surfaces for Efficient Condensation by Controlling Condensation Modes. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:50. [PMID: 36677113 PMCID: PMC9864459 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To meet the different needs of various industrial fields, it is of great application value to find a feasible method for controlling the condensation mode on the surface. Inspired by biological surfaces, tuning the surface structure and wettability is considered as a potential way to control the surface condensation behavior. Herein, the coupling effect of the geometric parameters and wettability distribution of the surface on the condensation process has been investigated systematically at the nanoscale. The results illustrate that the condensation mode is primarily determined by the nanopillar wettability when the nanopillars are densely distributed, while the substrate wettability dominates the condensation mode when the nanopillars are sparsely distributed. Besides, the effective contact area fraction is proposed, which more accurately reflects the influence of geometric parameters on the condensation rate of the nanopillar surface at the nanoscale. The condensation rate of the nanopillar surface increases with the increase of the effective contact area fraction. Furthermore, three surface design methods are summarized, which can control the condensation mode of water vapor on the surface into the dropwise condensation mode that generates Cassie-Baxter droplets, and this condensation process is very attractive for many practical applications.
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10
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Yan Y, Wang J, Gao J, Ma Y. TiO2-based slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with excellent ice-phobic performance. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Peng Y, Shang J, Liu C, Zhao S, Huang C, Bai Y, Li Y. A universal replica molding strategy based on natural bio-templates for fabrication of robust superhydrophobic surfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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12
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Jiao Y, Zhang T, Ji J, Guo Y, Wang Z, Tao T, Xu J, Liu X, Liu K. Functional Microtextured Superhydrophobic Surface with Excellent Anti-Wear Resistance and Friction Reduction Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13166-13176. [PMID: 36252150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The wear-resistant superhydrophobic (SHB) surfaces with excellent water-repellency ability were prepared by constructing a microtextured armor on an aluminum surface. With the assistance of laser-induced microtextures, the SHB surface could keep a longer water-repellency ability and a lower friction coefficient even after repeated friction tests under different loads and at different speeds. The mechanism of microtexture-protecting SHB coating is revealed based on both theoretical and elemental analysis. Additionally, we explore the relationship between the three-dimensional topography parameters (ISO 25178) and variation of water contact angles under different test recycles. The results show that the rough surface with appropriate Sa and higher Sku exhibits a better wear resistance, which is mainly related to the storing ability of SHB coating inside the microtextures. Moreover, the surface with appropriate Str exhibits excellent wear resistance, which is mainly associated with better chip-removal ability. Finally, the tribological properties of the microtextured SHB surface are researched. It is worth noting that compared with the microtextured surface without SHB coating and the SHB-coated surface without microtextures, the microtextured SHB surface has the lowest friction coefficient under dry friction because the SHB coating would largely decrease the surface energy of the interface, so the adhesion friction decreases. The microtexture armor on the surfaces would protect the wear of SHB coating, so the SHB coating inside the microtexture could continuously play the role of a particle lubricant at the sliding interface and decrease the friction force of the sliding interface. We believe that the present study would contribute to the further understanding of the constructing mechanism of anti-wear SHB surfaces and provide a new strategy for topography design of engineering surfaces with friction reduction properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Jiao
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jiawei Ji
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yuhang Guo
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zhaochang Wang
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Tongtong Tao
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jimin Xu
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Institute of Tribology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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13
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Li Y, Yang X, Tian X, Tang Y. Capillary-Driven Boiling Heat Transfer on Superwetting Microgrooves. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35339-35350. [PMID: 36211048 PMCID: PMC9535647 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Boiling can transfer a vast amount of heat and thereby is widely used for cooling advanced systems with high power density. However, the capillary force of most existing wicks is insufficient to surpass the liquid replenishing resistance for high-efficient boiling. Herein, we report a new microgroove wick on high-conductive copper substrates that was constructed via ultraviolet nanosecond pulsed laser milling. The phase explosion, combined with melting and resolidification effects of laser milling induces dense microcavities with sizes around several micrometers on the microgroove surface. The hierarchical microstructures significantly improve the wettability of the microgroove wicks to obtain strong capillary and meanwhile provide abundant effective nucleation sites. The boiling heat transfer in a visualized flat heat pipe shows that the new wicks enable sustainable liquid replenishing even under antigravity conditions, thus resulting in maximum 33-fold improvement of equivalent thermal conductivity when compared with the copper base. This research provides both scientific and technical bases for the design and manufacture of high-performance phase change cooling devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Li
- College
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- College
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- Aero-engine
Thermal Environment and Structure Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry
and Information Technology, 210016 Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xu Tian
- College
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tang
- College
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China
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14
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Bai C, Hu C, Zhang X, Zhang W, Ma B, Li T. A rapid two-step method for fabrication of superhydrophobic-superoleophobic nickel/copper alloy coating with self-cleaning and anticorrosion properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Li T. Coalescence-Induced Jumping for Removing the Deposited Heterogeneous Droplets: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:8030-8038. [PMID: 36174232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The removal of the deposited droplets on a solid surface is crucial to considerable practical applications that require self-cleaning properties. In this work, a strategy of cleaning a deposited droplet ("D-droplet") by coalescing with a heterogeneous and easily jumping droplet ("J-droplet") is proposed. Molecular dynamics simulation studies have shown that the coalescence of these two kinds of droplets would not guarantee the removal of D-droplet, unless the lifting ability of J-droplet is enhanced through the reduction of the solid-liquid interaction. However, this is a bad scenario with low efficiency. Further investigation suggests that by introducing two J-droplets to produce triple-coalescence dynamics, the D-droplet could be successfully jumping from the substrates due to the coalescence-induced effect, which is also verified by the free energy calculation. Moreover, the effects of the size of the droplets and the arrangement mode of these three droplets on the jumping dynamics are both considered. The studies not only help advance our understanding of coalescence-induced jumping of heterogeneous droplets, but also open up new ways to remove the deposited impure droplets, which is expected to guide the fields of self-cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong999077, China
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16
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Chen S, Dai Q, Yang X, Liu J, Huang W, Wang X. Bioinspired Functional Structures for Lubricant Control at Surfaces and Interfaces: Wedged-Groove with Oriented Capillary Patterns. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42635-42644. [PMID: 36083010 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a design concept of bioinspired functional surfaces is proposed for lubricant control at surfaces and interfaces subjected to external thermal gradients. Inspired by the conical structures of cactus and the motion configuration of Centipedes, a bioinspired surface of wedged-groove with an oriented capillary pattern is constructed. The effect of geometrical parameters on the directional lubricant manipulation capacity and sliding anisotropy is discussed. It is found that by regulating the orientation of the capillary pattern, a controllable lubricant self-transport capacity can be achieved for varying conditions from surfaces to interfaces, with or without thermal gradients. The lubricant self-transport process is captured, and the mechanism is revealed. The design philosophy of the proposed bioinspired functional surface is believed to have potential applications for lubricant control in modern machinery and complex liquid control in lab-on-a-chip and microfluidics devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangqiu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Qingwen Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
- Institute for Nano- and Microfluidics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
- Aero-Engine Thermal Environment and Structure Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Jiongjie Liu
- Institute for Materialwissenschaft, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Wei Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
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17
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Abstract
Large droplets emerging during dropwise condensation impair surface properties such as anti-fogging/frosting ability and heat transfer efficiency. How to spontaneously detach massive randomly distributed droplets with controlled sizes has remained a challenge. Herein, we present a solution called condensation droplet sieve, through fabricating microscale thin-walled lattice structures coated with a superhydrophobic layer. Growing droplets were observed to jump off this surface once becoming slightly larger than the lattices. The maximum radius and residual volume of droplets were strictly confined to 16 μm and 3.2 nl/mm2 respectively. We reveal that this droplet radius cut off is attributed to the large tolerance of coalescence mismatch for jumping and effective isolation of droplets between neighboring lattices. Our work brings forth a strategy for the design and fabrication of high-performance anti-dew materials. Spontaneous droplet jumping and control of dropwise condensation are relevant for water-harvesting, heat transfer and anti-frosting applications. The authors design a superhydrophobic surface with microscale thin-walled lattice structure to achieve effective jumping of droplets with specified radius range.
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18
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Dai X, Wang M, Zhang J, Xin G, Wang X. Vapor Condensation on Bioinspired Hierarchical Nanostructured Surfaces with Hybrid Wettabilities. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11099-11108. [PMID: 36037002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vapor condensation on bioinspired hierarchical nanostructured surfaces with hybrid wettabilities has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. A series of hierarchical surfaces consisting of nanocylinder arrays with hydrophilic top and hydrophobic nanopillar arrays are constructed. The results manifest that the condensed nanodroplets undergo three states in the whole water vapor condensation process, and the total condensed atom number on surfaces increases with the increase of nanocylinder diameter (D), which indicates that the introduction of hydrophilic nanocylinders is conducive to improving the condensation performance compared with that on the hydrophobic surface patterned with homogeneous nanopillars. However, the nucleation sites on hierarchical nanostructured surfaces are covered by the condensed nanodroplets at the end of condensation, which suppresses the further enhancement of condensation performance. To solve these problems, we add a collection region close to the edge of the nanostructured surface. It is noticed that the condensed nanodroplets can roll into the collection regions gradually during the condensation process, which keeps the nucleation sites on nanostructured surfaces exposed effectively, especially for the cases of 20 Å ≤ D ≤ 40 Å. Moreover, the cluster number, the total condensed atom number, and the condensation enhancement efficiency on hierarchical nanostructured surfaces with collection regions at 20 Å ≤ D ≤ 40 Å are higher obviously compared with those on surfaces without collection regions. Our study demonstrates that the bioinspired hierarchical nanostructured surface with the collection region is beneficial to boost the vapor condensation performance, which can bring new insights into water vapor condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Dai
- Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Man Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Gongming Xin
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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19
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Hu Y, Jiang K, Liew KM, Zhang LW. Nanoarray-Embedded Hierarchical Surfaces for Highly Durable Dropwise Condensation. Research (Wash D C) 2022; 2022:9789657. [PMID: 36061819 PMCID: PMC9394060 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9789657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Durable dropwise condensation of saturated vapor is of significance for heat transfer and energy saving in extensive industrial applications. While numerous superhydrophobic surfaces can promote steam condensation, maintaining discrete microdroplets on surfaces without the formation of a flooded filmwise condensation at high subcooling remains challenging. Here, we report the development of carbon nanotube array-embedded hierarchical composite surfaces that enable ultra-durable dropwise condensation under a wide range of subcooling (ΔTsub = 8 K–38 K), which outperforms existing nanowire surfaces. This performance stems from the combined strategies of the hydrophobic nanostructures that allow efficient surface renewal and the patterned hydrophilic micro frames that protect the nanostructures and also accelerate droplet nucleation. The synergistic effects of the composite design ensure sustained Cassie wetting mode and capillarity-governed droplet mobility (Bond number < 0.055) as well as the large specific volume of condensed droplets, which contributes to the enhanced condensation heat transfer. Our design provides a feasible alternative for efficiently transferring heat in a vapor environment with relatively high temperatures through the tunable multiscale morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kaili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kim Meow Liew
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Nature-Inspired Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lu-Wen Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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20
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Robust Superhydrophobic Coating with Mullite Fiber Framework. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces have received increasing attention due to their excellent water repellency, but the fragile stability of superhydrophobic coatings has been a huge hindrance to their applications. In this work, we constructed a layer of mullite fibers on the surface of a ceramic substrate using high-temperature molten salt. Then, we obtained a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle greater than 150° via soaking the sample with an alcoholic sol containing modified particles. On the one hand, this interlaced three-dimensional fiber structure increases the surface area and roughness, providing more locations for attaching superhydrophobic particles, as well as improving the water repellency. On the other hand, this fiber layer has a height difference, which protects the superhydrophobic particles attached at lower positions, and when an external object contacts the surface, it gives priority to the stable mullite fibers, reducing the direct contact between superhydrophobic particles and external objects and improving the stability of the superhydrophobic coating. After abrasion with sandpaper, the sample with the mullite fiber layer showed excellent stability compared to the samples without the fiber layer, indicating the significant protective effect of the fiber layer. This paper provides a potential method to enhance the stability of superhydrophobic ceramic surfaces.
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21
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Yan X, Chen F, Zhao C, Wang X, Li L, Khodakarami S, Fazle Rabbi K, Li J, Hoque MJ, Chen F, Feng J, Miljkovic N. Microscale Confinement and Wetting Contrast Enable Enhanced and Tunable Condensation. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9510-9522. [PMID: 35696260 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dropwise condensation represents the upper limit of thermal transport efficiency for liquid-to-vapor phase transition. A century of research has focused on promoting dropwise condensation by attempting to overcome limitations associated with thermal resistance and poor surface-modifier durability. Here, we show that condensation in a microscale gap formed by surfaces having a wetting contrast can overcome these limitations. Spontaneous out-of-plane condensate transfer between the contrasting parallel surfaces decouples the nanoscale nucleation behavior, droplet growth dynamics, and shedding processes to enable minimization of thermal resistance and elimination of surface modification. Experiments on pure steam combined with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation confirm the breaking of intrinsic limits to classical condensation and demonstrate a gap-dependent heat-transfer coefficient with up to 240% enhancement compared to dropwise condensation. Our study presents a promising mechanism and technology for compact energy and water applications where high, tunable, gravity-independent, and durable phase-change heat transfer is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Feipeng Chen
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chongyan Zhao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Longnan Li
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Siavash Khodakarami
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kazi Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Muhammad Jahidul Hoque
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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22
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Tian N, Chen K, Wei J, Zhang J. Robust Superamphiphobic Fabrics with Excellent Hot Liquid Repellency and Hot Water Vapor Resistance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5891-5899. [PMID: 35482598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Superamphiphobic surfaces progress rapidly but suffer from the issues of low repellency to hot liquids, complicated and nonaqueous preparation methods, and low durability. Here, a simple waterborne approach is developed to fabricate robust superamphiphobic fabrics with excellent hot liquid repellency and hot water vapor resistance. First, a perfluorodecyl polysiloxane (FD-POS) aqueous suspension was prepared by hydrolytic cocondensation of (3-glycidyloxy propyl)trimethoxysilane and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane with SiO2 particles. Then, the superamphiphobic fabrics were fabricated by dipping polyester fabrics in the suspension, which were then cured. The fabrics show excellent superamphiphobicity owing to the combination of the hierarchical micro-/nanostructure and FD-POS with very low surface energy. The superamphiphobic fabrics feature excellent hot liquid repellency even for a large volume of 130.0 °C soybean oil and condensed small droplets from ∼90.0 °C water vapor. This is attributed to its high superamphiphobicity, excellent hot water vapor resistance, and outstanding thermal durability. In addition, the superamphiphobic fabrics exhibit high mechanical and chemical durability against washing, abrasion, and immersion in corrosive or organic liquids. Thus, hot liquid repellent superamphiphobic fabrics may find applications in various fields such as antiadhesion of various hot liquids and in efficiently preventing scalding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Tian
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jinfei Wei
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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23
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Qi B, Yang X, Wang X. Ultraslippery/hydrophilic patterned surfaces for efficient fog harvest. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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24
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Ho JY, Fazle Rabbi K, Khodakarami S, Yan X, Li L, Wong TN, Leong KC, Miljkovic N. Tunable and Robust Nanostructuring for Multifunctional Metal Additively Manufactured Interfaces. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:2650-2659. [PMID: 35245074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Novel processing phenomena coupled with various alloying materials used in metal additive manufacturing (AM) have opened opportunities for the development of previously unexplored micro-/nanostructures. A rationally devised structure nanofabrication strategy of AM surfaces that can tailor the interface morphology and chemistry has the potential for many applications. Here, through an understanding of grain formation mechanisms during AM, we develop a facile method for tuning micro-/nanostructures of one of the most used AM alloys and rationally optimize the morphology for applications requiring low surface adhesion. We demonstrate that optimized AM structures reduce the adhesion of impaling water droplets and significantly delay icing time. The structure can also be altered and optimized for antiflooding jumping-droplet condensation that exhibits significant enhancement in heat transfer performance in comparison to nanostructures formed on conventional Al alloys. In addition to demonstrating the potential of functionalized AM surfaces, this work also provides guidelines for surface-structuring optimization applicable to other AM metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yao Ho
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kazi Fazle Rabbi
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Siavash Khodakarami
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Longnan Li
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Teck Neng Wong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - K C Leong
- Singapore Centre for 3D Printing, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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25
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Self-Cleaning Biomimetic Surfaces-The Effect of Microstructure and Hydrophobicity on Conidia Repellence. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15072526. [PMID: 35407860 PMCID: PMC9000080 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Modification of surface structure for the promotion of food safety and health protection is a technology of interest among many industries. With this study, we aimed specifically to develop a tenable solution for the fabrication of self-cleaning biomimetic surface structures for agricultural applications such as post-harvest packing materials and greenhouse cover screens. Phytopathogenic fungi such as Botrytiscinerea are a major concern for agricultural systems. These molds are spread by airborne conidia that contaminate surfaces and infect plants and fresh produce, causing significant losses. The research examined the adhesive role of microstructures of natural and synthetic surfaces and assessed the feasibility of structured biomimetic surfaces to easily wash off fungal conidia. Soft lithography was used to create polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replications of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and Colocasia esculenta (elephant ear) leaves. Conidia of B. cinerea were applied to natural surfaces for a washing procedure and the ratios between applied and remaining conidia were compared using microscopy imaging. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis that the dust-repellent C. esculenta leaves have a higher conidia-repellency compared to tomato leaves which are known for their high sensitivities to phytopathogenic molds. This study found that microstructure replication does not mimic conidia repellency found in nature and that conidia repellency is affected by a mix of parameters, including microstructure and hydrophobicity. To examine the effect of hydrophobicity, the study included measurements and analyses of apparent contact angles of natural and synthetic surfaces including activated (hydrophilic) surfaces. No correlation was found between the surface apparent contact angle and conidia repellency ability, demonstrating variation in washing capability correlated to microstructure and hydrophobicity. It was also found that a microscale sub-surface (tomato trichromes) had a high conidia-repelling capability, demonstrating an important role of non-superhydrophobic microstructures.
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26
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Pei J, Liao Y, Li Q, Shi K, Fu J, Hu X, Huang Z, Xue L, Xiao X, Liu K. Single-layer graphene prevents Cassie-wetting failure of structured hydrophobic surface for efficient condensation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 615:302-308. [PMID: 35149348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Structured hydrophobic surfaces often suffer from Cassie-wetting failure due to trapped water in structure gaps for a long-term operation. Sustainable Cassie-wetting on such surface could be achieved by coating an atom-thick and moisture-impermeable graphene on it. EXPERIMENTS Water contact angles were measured to clarify the effect of graphene on wetting, and water impermeability was verified by moisture deposition and evaporation. Sliding angle measurements and vapor condensation were carried out to demonstrate the stable Cassie-state wetting and application. FINDINGS Interestingly we found the graphene does not significantly disrupt the wetting behavior of the structured hydrophobic surface, showing a wettability transparency. Moreover, the impermeability of graphene keeps moisture away from the structure gaps. Owning to the combination of these two properties, droplets on the graphene-coated structured surface exhibit a stable Cassie-state hydrophobic wetting, even under the situation of moisture deposition and evaporation. Using the modified surface, we also found a 40-100% increase in condensation efficiency for a 5-hour vapor condensation at a subcooling of 40 °C. These results suggest an effective strategy to prevent Cassie-wetting failure of structured hydrophobic surface and are expected to promote its further application in more complex conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxian Pei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource & Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yutian Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Qian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Kui Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Jia Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Longjian Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Xu Xiao
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China; School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Kang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients, School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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27
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Fu X, Zhu Q, Liu D, Liu B, Kuang L, Feng Y, Chu F, Huang Z. Enhanced Moisture Condensation on Hierarchical Structured Superhydrophobic-Hydrophilic Patterned Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:863-869. [PMID: 34968065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Patterned surfaces combining hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties show great promise in moisture condensation; however, a comprehensive understanding of the multiscale interfacial behavior and the further controlling method is still lacking. In this paper, we studied the moisture condensation on a hybrid superhydrophobic-hydrophilic surface with hierarchical structures from micro- to nanoscale. For the first time, we demonstrated the effects of wettability difference and microstructure size on the final condensation efficiency. By optimizing the wettability difference, sub-millimeter pattern width, and microstructure size, maximum 90% enhancement of the condensation rate was achieved as compared with the superhydrophobic surface at a subcooling of 13 K. We also demonstrated the enhanced condensation mechanism by a detailed analysis of the condensation process. Our work proposed effective and systematical methods for controlling and optimizing moisture condensation on the patterned surfaces and shed light on application integration of such promising functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifan Fu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Qinpeng Zhu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Denghui Liu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Binghan Liu
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Lintao Kuang
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Yanhui Feng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
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28
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Chen F, Wang Y, Tian Y, Zhang D, Song J, Crick CR, Carmalt CJ, Parkin IP, Lu Y. Robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8476-8583. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01033b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive summary of characterization, design, fabrication, and application of robust and durable liquid-repellent surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faze Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yaquan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jinlong Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Colin R. Crick
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Claire J. Carmalt
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Ivan P. Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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29
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Zhuang K, Yang X, Huang W, Dai Q, Wang X. Efficient Bubble Transport on Bioinspired Topological Ultraslippery Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:61780-61788. [PMID: 34913334 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) with micro-/nanostructures inspired by the Nepenthes pitcher plant exhibit excellent characteristics in terms of liquid repellency, self-healing, pressure tolerance, and so forth. In particular, stable bubble transport on SLIPS can be achieved when the surface is submerged in water. However, more precise and sophisticated bubble manipulations on SLIPS still remain challenging. In this research, a three-dimensional topological SLIPS combined with a submillimeter rice leaf-like groove array is fabricated to guide the underwater bubble motion precisely. The dynamic behavior and wetting state of bubbles on SLIPS were investigated experimentally. Furthermore, topological SLIPS with different geometric textures were designed and created for sophisticated bubble manipulations, such as fast bubble directional transport and collection. The results indicated that a lubricant with low surface tension and low viscosity could improve the adhesion force to bubbles and the transport velocity of bubbles, simultaneously. The current findings are helpful to deepen the cognition of interaction between bubbles and SLIPS and to promote their wide applications in the field of smart bubble manipulation and catalytic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhuang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Qingwen Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Helicopter Transmission, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
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30
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Tang B, Yue Y, Gai Z, Huang Y, Liu Y, Gao X, Sun J, Wu D. Utilization of Melt Fracture Phenomenon for the Preparation of Shark Skin Structured Hydrophobic Film. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244299. [PMID: 34960850 PMCID: PMC8705702 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the application of biomimetic shark skin microstructures with hydrophobicity in microfluidics, sensors and self-cleaning materials, microstructure processing methods are increasing. The preparation process has higher requirements for processing cost and efficiency. In this paper, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) hydrophobic films were prepared with the help of melt fracture phenomenon. The equipment is a self-made single screw extruder. By adjusting the process parameters, the biomimetic shark skin structured LLDPE films with good hydrophobic property can be obtained. The surface microstructure shape of the product is related to kinds of additive, die temperature and screw speed. When AC5 was selected as an additive, the optimal processing parameter was found to be 160 °C die temperature and 80 r/min screw speed. A contact angle of 133° was obtained in this situation. In addition, the influences of die temperature and screw speed on the size of shark skin structure were also systematically investigated in this paper. It was found that the microstructure surface with hierarchical roughness had a better hydrophobic property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaoyu Yue
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zipeng Gai
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yao Huang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaolong Gao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (J.S.); (D.W.)
| | - Jingyao Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (J.S.); (D.W.)
| | - Daming Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; (B.T.); (Y.Y.); (Z.G.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Correspondence: (X.G.); (J.S.); (D.W.)
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31
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Zhuang K, Lu Y, Wang X, Yang X. Architecture-Driven Fast Droplet Transport without Mass Loss. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12519-12528. [PMID: 34606720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous droplet transport without mass loss has great potential applications in the fields of energy and biotechnology, but it remains challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining a sufficient driving force for the transport while suppressing droplet mass loss. Learning from the slippery peristome of Nepenthes alata and wedge topology of a shorebird beak that can spontaneously feed water against gravity, a combined system consisting of two face-to-face hydrophilic slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) with variable beak-like opening and spacing was proposed to constrain the droplet in-between and initiate fast droplet transport over a long distance of 75 mm with a maximum speed of 12.2 mm·s-1 without mass loss by taking advantage of the Laplace pressure gradient induced by the asymmetric shape of the constrained droplet. The theoretical model based on the Navier-Stokes equation was developed to interpret the corresponding mechanism of the droplet transport process. In addition, in situ sophisticated droplet manipulations such as droplet mixing are readily feasible when applying flexible 304 stainless foil as the substrate of SLIPS. It is believed that extended research would contribute to new references for the precise and fast droplet motion control intended for energy harvest and water collection devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhuang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
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32
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Abstract
Ice accretion can lead to severe consequences in daily life and sometimes catastrophic events. To mitigate the hazard of icing, passive icephobic surfaces have drawn widespread attentions because of their abilities in repelling incoming water droplets, suppressing ice nucleation and/or lowering ice adhesion strength. As time elapses and temperature lowers sufficiently, ice accretion becomes inevitable, and a realistic roadmap to surface icephobicity for various outdoor anti-icing applications is to live with ice but with the lowest ice adhesion strength. In this review, surfaces with icephobicity are critically categorized into smooth surfaces, textured surfaces, slippery surfaces and sub-surface textured surfaces, and discussed in terms of theoretical limit, current status and perspectives. Particular attention is paid to multiple passive anti-icing strategies combined approaches as proposed on the basis of icephobic surfaces. Correlating the current strategies with one another will promote understanding of the key parameters in lowering ice adhesion strength. Finally, we provide remarks on the rational design of state-of-the-art icephobic surfaces with low ice adhesion strength.
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